The Pembrokeshire Herald and General Advertiser

V A It lET I E S. Clothe not thv language either with obscurity or affec- tation in the one thou discoverest too much darkness, in the other too much lightness. He that speaks from the understanding to the understanding is the best interpreter. Quarles. How do yoftfee)with such a shocking-looking coat on ? said a young ..It'rk of some pretensions to old Roger. I feel." said old Roger, looking at him steadily, with one eye half closed, as if taking aim at the victim, "I feel, young man, as if I had a coal which has been paid for, a juxury of feeling which I think you will never experience." An honest and undeviating pursuit of what one con- scientiously believes to he one's public duty, steadily con- tinued, will, however detached and separate parts of a man's conduct may be viewed under the influences of par- tialities or prejudices, obtain for it, when considered as a whole, the approbation of all honest and honourable minds —Canning. HISTORY OF THE PESNy.-According to Camden and Spelman the ancient English penny was the first silver coin struck in England, and the only one current among our Sixon ancestors. In the time of EOielred it was equal in weight to three pence. Till the time of King Edward I. the penny was so deeply indented that it might be easily broken, and parted on occasion into two parts —these were caiied halfpence or into four—these were called fourthings -Qr farthings. Tnf. WAY TO THE WORKHOUSE.—John Reeves was accosted on the Kensirgton Road by an elderly female, with a small bottle ot £ in in her hand. "Pray, sir- I beg your pardon-is this the way to the workhouse?" John gave her a took of clerical dignity, and, pointing to the bottle, gravely said, No, ma'am, but that is." NOVEL DEFtMTioN.—The other day the teacher of a lady's school in Wick, while putting a company of juveniles of the gentler sex through their facings in the spelling, book, came to the word jad," of which, in accordance with the nsod«rti method of tuition, she asked the signifi- cation. OW" little puss. on the question having been put. u^'h a sidelong look, blushingly answered, For courtin' wi'; a reply which we record for the advantage of future lexicographers.—John o' Groat's Journal. PICKING up THOUGHTS. -Boys, you have heard of blacksmiths who have become mayors and magistrates of towns and cities, and men of great wealth and influence. What was the secret of their success ? Why, they picked up naii-s and pins in the street, and carried them home in the pockets of their waistcoats. Now, you must pick up thoughts in the same way, and fill your mind with them: and they will srow into other thoughts, almost while you are asleep. The world is full of thoughts, and you will find them strewed everywhere in your path.— Elihu Burritt. Censure no man: detract from no man: praise no man before his face; traduce no man behind his back. Boast not thyself abroad, nor flatter thyself at home if anything cross thee, accuse thvsel*. Honour those that instruct thee. and be thankful to those that reprehend thee. Let all thy desires be subjected to reason, and let thy reason be corrected by religion. Weigh thyself by thy own ba- lances, and trust not the voice of wild opinion; observe thyself as thy greatest enemy, so shalt thou become thy greatest friend. Mrs. Partington, reading the death of a distinguished lawyer, who was stated to be the father of the Bar. ex- clallned-" Poor man he had a dreadful noisy set of children." ADVICE TO YOUNG G E %TLENI E-4. -Don't (!gr ide your- selves hy gambling 011 the turf; if you do the veriest black? leg-, will become your better- Punch. Punch aptly describes French liberty as "universal suffering and vote by bullet." vVhy is a blush like a little girl ? Because it becomes a woman. Why is a hotel-keeper making a fire at the gable-end of his house like a man drinking gin?—Because he's warming his inn-side'—Punsh. A physician's lady in Boston objected to her husband's attending funerals: it was "so much like a tailor carrying home his own work." REFINED PHRASEOLOGY.—In the course of a recent case at the Insolvent Debtors Court, it appeared that the insolvent had a creditor described as a decorator," mean- ing a painter. The Chief Commissioner said persons were geiting so refined ic their phraseology that he should soon forget the names of things. Mr. Cooke said a new diction- ary would be required. No person now kept a shop it was an "establishment" or a "depot." Chief Commis- sioner There was a time when a woman was a woman, and a man a man, but now each is c-tllgd a "party;" and II little time ago they were "individuals." A LAST LOOK.—There is a feeling that resembles death in the last glance we are ever to bestow on a loved object. The girl you hive treasured in your secl et heart, as she ptsses by on her wedding-day. it may be happy and bliss- ful, lift up her laughing eyes, the symbol of her own light heart, and leaves in that look darkness and dessolation to you for ever. The boy your father spirit has clung to, like the very light of your existence, wave, his hand from the quarter-deck, as the gigantic ship bends over the breeze; the wind is playing through the locks your hand so oftentimes have smoothed the tears have dimmed his eyes, for mark, he moves his fingers over them-and this is a last look. DON'T FRET.-It is unamiable. A fretting man or woman is one of the most unlove^- objects in the world. wasp is a comfortable housemate in comparison—it only stings when disturbed. But an habitual frftter buzzes if he don't sting, with or without provocation. It is better to dwell in the corner of a house-top than with a brawling woman and in a wide house." I t is 4,eless; it sets no broken bones, stops no leaks, gathers no spilt milk,cements no smashed pictures. cures no spoiled hay, and changes no east winds. It affects nobody hut the tretter himself. Children or servants cease to respect the authority or obey the commands of a complaining worr jsonje, exacting parent or in-ister. They know that barking: dogs don't bite," and fretters don't strike, and they conduct themselves accordingly. AN ODDITY.—Among the peculiarities of Cavendish the celebrated chemist and natural philosopher, was his i excessive dislike of women. On the authority of an old inhabitant of CUpham, it is stated that Cavendish would never see a female servant, and if an unfortunate maid ever showed herself she was instantly dismissed. He was in the hahit of ordering his dinner daily by a note, which he left on the hall table, whence the housekeeper was to take it; and such was his horror ot the sex that, having out- day met a maid-cervant on the stairs with a broom and a pail, lie immediately ordered a back staircase to he built. GUARD AGAINST VULGAR LANGUAGE.—There is all, inuoh connexion between the words ami the thoughts a$ there is between the thoughts and the words; the J itter are not only the expression of the former, but they have a power to re-act upon the soul and leave the stains of their corruption there. A young man who allows himself to ti§P,- one profane or vulgar word, has not only shown that there is a foul spot on his mind, but by the utterance of that word he extends that spot and inflames it. till, bv indul- gence, it will soon pollute and ruin the whole soul. Be careful of your words, as well as your thoughts. If you inn control the tongue, that no improper words are pro- j uouueed by it, you will soon be able to control the mind and save that from corruption. You extinguisli the fire by smothering ir, or by preventing bad thoughts bursting 1 out in language. Never utter a word any where, which vou would he ashamed to 3peak in the presence of the most refined female, or the most religious man. Try this practice a little, and you will soon have command 01 your- self. DIAMOND DusT.-Ifyon tllke It gleat deal of pains to lIerve the world and to benefit your fellow creatures, and .f, alter all, the world scarcely thanks you for the trou- ble you have taken, do not be angry and make a loud talk- ing about the world's ingratu.le for it you do, it will seem II"t you cared more about the thanks you were to receive jhan about the blessings which you professed to bestow. Flattery is like a flail, which, if not adroitly used, will j¡,'x your own ears instead of tickling those of the c,.rn.- t\very one is at least in one tiling, against his will, original; -fit his manner of sneezing. —Woman's silence, although it j|L less frequent, signifies much more than man's.— Uealitv plants a thorny hedge around our dreaming, while iae sporting-ground of the possible is ever free and open.— There is much novelty that is without hope, much anti- i qoity without sacreduess.-Weshoutduseabuokaii the nee does a uuwer.—That charity is had which takes Irolll independence its proper pride, from mendicity its salutary j s ia:ne. — Pompous fools may be compared to alembics, for in their slowness ot speech, and dulness of aoprehensinn, hey give you, drop hy drop, an extract of the simples they contain.It is a peculiar felicity to be praised l>v a person •v.io is himself emitieily a!>ject of praise.—Nothing makes inolifferetit to the pin and mosquito thrllst" of life: the consciousness of giowirg better.—The intoxication of auger, like that of the grape, shows us to others, but iidesus horn ourselves. — Wholesome sentiment is rain, 1 'iich makes the fields of daily life fresh and odorous. I lie^improbabilities of experience are many, the impossi- | b'iiti-s are tew. —People should travel, it lor no other rea- "JII than to receive every now and then a letter from home; the place of our birth never appears so beautiful as when it is "lIr of sig-hr,- Romancr: is the truth of imagina- u >.i at.d boylr.Kw!.— Liteiature is a garden, books are par- tlcuhir views of it, and readers are visitors.—Eliza Cook's ifournal. >Vj. -t. V

PIRACY AND SLAUGHTER IN THE INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO. We have repeatedly drawn attention to the proceedings of the hordesot pirates which infest the Indian Archipelago and are known under the various names of Lmuns, Ilia- nuns, Magindandos, and Balignini. The outrages ot these rovers have b-en confined either to the Dutch possessions, the coast of Borne", or the small groups of islands with "h¡eh the Eastern seas are studded, and only occasionally have they attempted to attack a European vessel unless she was a wreck, or the watch asleeri at their posts. It is now our melancholy duy to record the death of two gen- tlemen and a portion of their native crew, by a most out- rageous attack made on their vessel by some Lanum and Suloo pirates in Malluda Day. The schooner Dolphin, belonging to Singapore, left the latter port in August last, on a trading voyaee to the north-east coast of Borneo, Mr Robert Burns ol Glasgow, proceeding as sugercargo, and Mr Robertson, of Leith, as master. The vessel was a small one, of forty-five tons, and, although supplied with arms, those latter were placed in the hold-a step highly impru- dent when it is considered that she was trading on the most insecure part of the B rneaii coast, and in the very tei-tli o( the formidable Lanun and Suloo pirates- the ter- ror of the Archipelago. From Ntr B-irns' s j,)tiriial--wliich happily had preserved—containing entries in hisown hand writing up to the 5th of Stptember, it appears, they had traded to some extent at Malluda, when a misunder- standing arose between the supercargo and the master, about a keg of paint, which he former was about to barter with the natives, In his journal Mr Bums com- plains of ill usage on the part of the master, who knocked him down, tied his hands so secure and t-glit as to stop the circulation of blood and lacerate the skin, and that when so tied other indignities were offered him. The natives appear to have obsered these broils on board, and, coupled with the circumstance of the arlllS being all below, pro bably took advantage of the opportunity. The following particulars were ohtained from gentleman who formed one of the expendition to recover the vessel, and who made diligent inquiries on the spot as to the tragedy: — "The H. C. Steamer Pluto, on her way from Labuan to the N.E. coast of Borneo, touched at Malludt Bay, at which place intelligence was received of the capture by piratf" of the schooner Dolphin, and the murder of Mr Burns (supercargo) and Robertson (captain), as also a por- tion of the crew. This outrage is reported to have taken place on or about the 7th or 8th of September last. From inquiries made it appeared that, in the evening, whilst the vessel was under weigh, two boats manned by ten men went alongside and intimated their desire to trade, which Captain Robertson declined to do until daylight next morn- ing. About seven o'clock on the following day two men, one a Lanun and the other a Suloo man, went on board, apparently to trade with Mr Burns, having with them some mats, pearls, and camphor. Whilst Mr Burns was in a stooping posture, his attention taken up examining some pearls in his hand, a Borneo mat, rolled up. was handed from the boat, which Burns glanced at. and in which w .s concealed a Suloo kris. The pretended trader adroitly drew out the hidden weapon, and at a single cut severed Burns's head from his body. Captain Kobertsonwas pacing up and down the quarter-deck, and at this juncture his back was towards Burns. The Suloo man, observing Burns despatched, mide a cut at Robertson's neck, who, turoing at the instant received a kris-wound across the chin, and ran forward to the jibboom-end, whence he beg ged hard for his life. From one of the boats, under the schooner's bows, several spears were thrown at Robertson, who fell into the water, and was finished hy a spear thrust through his body. Three of the crew (Malays) were also butchered. Not the least resistance was offered, and the arms were all below in the hold. The rest of the crew took to the water or escaped up the rigging; their lives were spared, and they were bound with ropes. A native Womar, on board was cut nearly in two andihrown into the sea. On obtaining this information the l'lqto proceeded to Labuk Bay, to which place the Dolphin was reported to have been taken by the pirates. Owing to the shallow- ness of the water the boats were got ready, consisting of the two paddle-box boats, each fitted with a 6-pounder, and the first cutter, under the command of Mr Hodge, of the Pluto, and accompanied by Mr St. John, officiating commissioner. In consequence of the intricacy of the Ben- guin River some difficulty was experienced in hitting upon the right channel. After passing some distance the Dol- phin's boat was observed pulling towards the flotilla, and at 6, p.m., Mr Hodge boarded the schooner Dolphin, at anchor in the Benguin River. The same evening Mr St. John proceeded up the river to see the chief, from whom it was ascertained that, on the schooner's aarival. he demanded of the pirates what vessel it was; they said she was a spanish trader, and as Suloos, and at war with Spain, they had a right to take her. The crew were in- terrogated, but from fear, answeted. they did not know what flag the vessel sailed under; but one of the chief's people seeing the crew, said, You are Mr Burns's crew, I have seen the schooner at Bruni." The crew then told the chief what had happened, upon which the chief himself cut down one of the pirates, others were wounded, and some captured, but were subsequently released by a large party of Suloos and Lanuns, who threatened to return and destroy the chief of Bengu n. The flotilla towed the Dol- phin to Labnk Bay, and on November 2nd it rejoined the Pluto. The steamer next dav tONed the Dolphin as far as the northern entrance of Malluda Bay, placed on board four European seamen, victualled the native crew, and despatched the schooner to Singapore."

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.-THE NEW CONSTITUTION. The Constitution has been brought forth. As the only remaining charter of a lamous and once great nation, we give it entire. It was preceded in the Moniteur which con- tained it by a dissertation, iu which "Mr Bonaparte," as M. Emilie Girardin persists in calling the Usurper, ex- plains the political conceptions embodied in the formal document: — Proclamation of Louis Napoleon, President of the Republic, to tlte French People, promulgating the Constitution of the 2nd of December, 1851. Frenchmen,— In the proclamation of the 2nd of Decem- ber, when 1 loyally explained to you what, according to my ideas, were the vital conditions of government (pouvoir) in France. I had not the pretension, so common in these days, of substituting a personal theory for the ex- perience of centuries. On the contrary, I sought in the past the examples that could best be followed, what men had given them, what benefits had resulted. I have thought it rational (logupie) to prefer the precepts of genius to the specious doctrines of men of abstract ideas. I have taken a3 models the political institutions which already, at the commencement of this century, under anala- gous circumstances, have strengthened a tottering society and raised France to a lofty degree of prosperity and gran- deur. I have taken as models those institutions, which, instead of vanfthing at the first breath of popular agitation, were only ovJturned by the might of all Europe coalesced against us. in one word, 1 said to myself, since Fiance makes progress during the last fifty years, in virtue alone of the administrative, military, judicial, religious, and financial organization of the Consulate and the Empire, why should not we also adopt the poli:ical institutions of that epoch ? Created by the same thought, they must bear the same charactpr ofnationaliry and practical utility. In effect, as I recalled to my mind in my proclamation, it is essential to avt-r that our present state of society is nought else than France regenetate by the Revolution of 1789, and organised by the Emperor. Nothing remains of the old regime but great souvenirs, and great benefits 111 that was organised under it was destroyed by the Revolution, and all that since the Revolution has been organised, and that still exists, has been the work of Napoleon. We no longer possess provinces, or states, ar parliaments, or in- tendants, or farmers-general, or various customs, or feudal rights, or privileged classes holding exclusive possession of civil atid military employments, or different reiinious juris. dictions, To all these things, so incompatible with its spirit, the Revolution applied a thorough reform j but it founded nothing definite. The First Consul alone re- established Unity, hierarchy, and the true principles of government. They are still in vigour. Thus the administration of France, intrusted to Prefects, Sub-Prefects, and Mayors, who substitute unity in the place ot Directing Commissions (the decision of affairs, on the contrary, being confided to Councils from that of the commune to that of the department); thus, the magis- tracy, rendered firm by the immoveability of the judges and the heirarchy of the tribllnals-justjce rendered more easy by the cleir definition of attributions from those of the Justice of the Peace up to those of the Court of Cassation -all this is still standing. In the same manner, our ad- mirable financial system, the Bank of France, the estab. lishment of Lli- Budget, the Court of Accounts, disorgani- sation of the Police, and our military statutes, date from the above-mentioned epoch. For the Ust fifty years it is the Code Napoleon that has adjusted the reciprocal in- terests of citizens; it is still the Concordat that regula'es the relations of the State with the Church. Lastly, tlu greater portion of the measures which concern the progress of industry, of commerce, of literature, of science, and of the arts, from the statutes of the Theatre Francais to those of the Institute of France, from the institution of Pru I' homines to the creation of the Legion of Honour, have been fixed by the decrees of that time. It may then be affirmed that the frame of our social edifice is the work ot the Emperor which has stood firm, resisting his fall and the shocks of three revolutions. Wherefore, since they have the same origin, should not his political institutions have the same chance of dura- tion. My own conviction has been formed for a long time; and therefore it was that I submitted to your jndgment the p incipal bases of a Constitution borrowed from that of the year VIII. Approved of by you. they are to become the foundation of our political Constitution. Let us now ex- amine its spirit. In our country-for the last eight hundred years mo. narchical-the central power has always existed by in- creasing. Royalty destroyed the great vassals; the revo- lutions themselves caused to disappear the obstacles which opposed the rapid and uniform exercise of authority. In this country of centralization, public opinion his invariably referred everything, good and evil. to the head of the Government so that to write at the head of a charter that the chief is irresponsible, is to lie to public feeling. It is to endeavour to establish a fiction which has three times disappeared at the sound of revolution. The present Con- stitution, on the contrary, proclaims that the chief whom you have elected is responsible to you that he has the right of appeal to your sovereign judgment, in order that in grave circumstances you may al ways be able to continue your confidence in him, or to withdraw it. Being respon- sible, his actions must be free and without hinderance. Hence arises the obligation of his having Ministers who may he the honoured and powerful auxiliaries of his thought, but who no longer form a respqnsible council, composed of jointly responsible members—a daily obstacle to the special influence of the chief of the state—a council the expression of a policy emanating from the Chambers, and tor that very reason exposed to frequent changes, which render impossible a continuous policy or the appli- cation of a regular system. Nevertheless, in proportion to the loftiness of position in which a man is placed, and in proportion to his inde- pendence and to the confiden.e the people place in |h m, is his need of enlightened and conscientious counsel. Henpe the creation ot a Council of State, for the future the real Council of the Government, the first wheelwork of our new orgdnization-a re-union a practical man elaborating projects of law in special committees, then discussing them with closed doors, and without oratorical ostentations, in general assembly, next presenting them to the acceptation of the Legislative Body. Thus thf Government is free in its movements and enlightened in its progress. Now, what will be the control exercised over the Assem- blies ? A Chamber which bears the title of the Legislative Body, votes the laws and the taxes. It is elected by uni- versal suffrage, (sans scrutin de liste.) The people, choosing each candidate single, can the more easily appre- ciate his merit. The chamber is composed of about two hundred and sixty members a first guarantee of the calmness of its deliberations, for too often it has been sean that in assemblies the mobility and ardour of passions in- crease in proportion to the number of members. The ac- counts of the deliberations, which is to inform the nation of its arrairs, js no longer, as formerly, abandoned to the party-spirit of each journal. An official publication, drawn up under the surveillance of the President of the Chamber, will alone be authorised. The Legislative Body freely dis- cusses the laws-adopts or rejects them; but does not in- troduce those unforeseen amendments which often derange the whole economy of a system, and the ensemble of the primitive project; and, for still stronger reasons, it does not possess that Parliamentary initiative which was the source of such grave abuse, and which permitted every Deputy to snbstitute himself at every turn, in place of the Government, and to present projects, however unstudied or shallow. The Chamber, being no longer in presence of the Ministers, and projects of laws being advocated by the orators of the Council of State, the time will not be lost in vain interpellation8, in frivolous accusations, and in pas- sionate struggles, whose sole object is to upset ministries in order to replace them. Thus, then, the deliberations of the Legislative Body will be independent; but the causes ot sterile agitations will have been suppressed and salutaiy delays introduced into any modification of the law. The delegates (mandataires) of the nation will ipaturely acc >n.- plish things of importance. Another assembly bears the name of Senate. It will be composed of tho,e elements which in every country create a legitimate influence such as an illustrious name, wealth, talent, and services rendered to the country. The Senate is not, what the Chamber of Peers was, a pale Ie. flection of the Chamber of Deputies, repeating at a few days interval the same discussions in another tone. It is the depositary of a fundamental compact, and of the public liberties, compatible with the Constitution and it is solely with regard to the great principles on which our society is bised that it examines all laws, and that it proposes new ones to the Executive power. It intervenes either to re- solve any grave difficulty which may arise during the absence of the Legislative Body, or to explain the text 01 the Constitution, and to secure whatever may be necessary to its operation. It has the right to annul any illegal or arbitrary act; and thus enjoying the consideration which attaches to a body exclusively occupied with the examina- tion of great interests or the application ot great principles, it fills in the < ate the independent, salutary, and conserva- tive office of the ancient Pailiaments. The Senate wil! not be, like the Chamber of Peers, transformed into a court of justice. It will preserve its character of suprpme moderator; for disrepute always falls on political bodies when the sanctuary of legislation becomes a crimirnl tribu- nal. The impartiality ot the judge is too often questioned, and it loses all prestige with public opinion, which some- times goes so far as to accuse it of being the instrument of passion or of hatred. A High Court of Justice, chosen from among the high mrgist racy, and having, as jury, members of the Councils- General of all France, will alone repress all attempts against the Chief of the State and the public safety. The Emperor said to the Council of State-" A constitu- tion is the work of time it is impossible to leave in it too large a margin for ameliorations." Accordingly the pre- sent Constitution has only settled that which it was impos- sible to leave uncertain. It has shut up, within insur- mountable barriers, the destinies of a great people. J t his left for change a margin sufficiently large to allow in great crises other means of safety than the disastrous expedient of revolution. The Senate can, in concert with the Government, modify all that is not fundamental in the Constitution; but as to any modifications of the funda- mental bases sanctioned by your suffrages, they can only become definite after having received your ratification. Thus, the people remains master of its destiny. Nothing fundamental is effected without its will. Such are the ideas, such the principles, that you ljave authorised me to apply. May this Constitution give tc "ur country calm and prosperous days; may it prevent thp re- turn of these intestine struggles, in which victory, how- ever legitimate, is always dearly bought may the sanction which you have given to my efforts be blessed by H- aven. Then, peace will be assured at home and abroad, my ardent hopes will be fulfilled, my mission will be accomplished. Louis NAPOLKON BONAPARTE. Palace of the Tuileries, Jan. 14, 1852. A preamble recites the plebiscite of December 2, and that "the people had responded affirmatively by 7,500,000 votes. Then follows the Constitution. CHAPTER I. Article 1. The Constitution readmits, confirms, and guarantees the great principles proclaimed in ] i8! and which are the h-ises of the public right of the French. CHAPTER, IL—FORMS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC. 2. The Government of the French Republic is confided for ten years to Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, the present President of the Republic. 3. The Presidt-nt of the Republic governs by means of Ministers, the Council of btate, the Senate, and Legisla- tive Body. 4. The Legislative power is exercised collectively by the President ot the Republic, the Senate, and the Legislative Body. CHATHBR Ht.—QF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC. 5. The President of the Republic is responsible to the French People to whom he has always the right to make an appeal. 6. 7, 8, 9,10. The President of the Republic is the chiel of the state: he commands the land and sea forces, declares war, makes treaties of peace, alliance, and commerce, appoints to all employs, and makes the regulations and decrees necessary for the execution of the laws. Justice is rendered in his name. He alone has the initiative of laws, and the right of granting pardon. He sanctions and pro- mulgates ihe laws, and the senatus consulta. 11. He presents every year to the Senate, and to the Legislate Body, by a message, the state of the affairs of the Republic. 12. He has the right to declare the state of siege in one or several departments, on condition of referring it to the Senate within theshortest possibledelay. Theconsequences of the state ot siege are regulated by the law. 13. 14. The Ministers depend only on the Chief of State: they are responsible for the act-! of the Government as far as they are individually concerned in them there is no joint responsibility among them; and they can only be im- peached by the Senate. The Ministers, the members of the Senate, of the Legislative Body, and of the Council of State, the officers of the land and sea forces, the magistrates. and public functionaries, take the following nath I swear obedience to the Constitution and fidelity to the President. 15. A senatus con»ultus fixes the sum allowed annuity to the President of the Republic during the whole continuance of his functions. 16,17. 18. If the President of the Republic dies before the expiration of his term of office, the Senate is toconvoke the nation in order to proceed to a fresh election. The Chief of the State has the right, by a secret act deposited in the archives of the Senate, to point out to the people the name ot the citizen whom he recommends in the interest of France to the confidence of the people, and to their suff- rages. U nti I the election of the new President of the Republic, the President of the Senate governs with the co-operation of the Ministers in functions, who form them- selves into a Council ot Government, and deliberate by a majority of votes. CHAPTER IV. —OF THE SENATE. 19. The number of Senators shall not exceed a hundred and fifty it is fixed for the first year at eighty. 20. The Senate is composed — 1. Of Cardinals, Marshals, and Admirals "2. Of the citizens whom the President of the Republic may think proper to raise to the dignity of the Republic may think proper to raise to the dignity of Senators. 21. 22. The Senators are appointed for life. Their iunc- tions are ffratuitous; the President of the Republic may grant to Senators, on account of services rendered, or of their position with regard to fortune, a personal dotation which cannot exceed 30,000 francs per annum. 23. The President and the Vice President of the Senate 3re named by the President of the Republic, and chosen from among the Senators. They are appointed for one year. The salary of the President is fixed by a decree, 24. The President of the Republic convokes and pro- rogues the Senate. He fixes the duration of its sessions by a decree, The sittings of the Senate are not public, 25. The Senate is the guardian of the fundamental com- pact and of public liberties. No law can be promulgated without being submitted to it. 26. The Senate may oppose the prckmulgation-Firqt of laws which may be contrary to or be an attack on the Con- stitution, on religion, on morals, or freedom of worship, on individual liberty, on the equality ot citizens in the eye of the law, on the immnhility of property, and on the princi- ple of the immoveability of the magistracy: second of those whi-h may compromi,e the defence of the territory. 27. The Senate regulates, by a senatws consujtum—FiriT The constitution of the Colonies and Algeria: second all that has not been provided by the Constitution, and which is necessary for its march: third the sense of the articles of the Constitution which gives rise to different interpre- tat;ons. 28. The senatus consulta will be submitted to the sanction of the President of the Republic, and promulgated by him. 29. The Senate maintains and annuls all the acts which are referred to it as unconstitutional by the Government, or denounced for the same cause by the petitions of citizens. 30. Tha Senate may, in a report addressed to the Pre- sident of the Republic, lay down the bases of great national iot 'rests. 31. It may also propose modifications in the Constitution. If the proposition is adopted by the Executive Power, it must be stated by a sena us consuhum. 32. Nevertheless, all modifications in the fundamental bas<,s of the Constitution, such as they were laid down in the proclamation of the second of December, and adopted by the Fiench people, shall be submitted to universal suff- rage. 33. In ease of the dissolution of the Legislative Body, and until a new convocation, the Senate, on proposition of the President of the Republic, shall provide, by measures of qrgency, for all that is necessary for the progress of the Government. CHAPTER V.-QP THE LEGISLATIVE flODY. 34-, 35, 36, 37, 38. The election has the population for basis-one deputv for every tirty-five thousand electnrs- elected by universal suffrage, without the scrutin de hste- without salary—named for six year4. 39. The Legislative Body discusses and votes the projects of law and the imposts. 40. Every amendment adopted by the Commission charged with the examination of a project of law shllll be sent, without discussion, to the Council of State by the President of the Legislative Body. If the amendment be not adopted by the Council of State, it cannot be submitted to the deliberation of the Legislative Body. 41. 42. The ordinary sitting of the Legislative Body lasts three months: its sittings are public; but the demand of five members is sufficient for its resolving itself into a secret committee. The account of the proceedings ot the sitting of the Legislative Body given by the journal, or any other channel of publication, shall consist only of the reproduction of the minutes drawn out at the close of each sitting by the care of the President of the Legislative Body. 43. The President and Vice President of the Legislative Body ve named by the President of the Republic for one year; they are chosen from amongst the delegates. The salary of the President of the Legislative Body is fixed by a decree. 44. The Ministers cannot be members of the Legislative Body. 45. The right of petition is exercised as regards the Senate. No petition can be addressed to the Legislative Body. 46. The President of the Republic convokes, adjourns, prorogues, and dissolves the Legislative Body. In case of dissolution, the President of the Republic is bound to con- voke a new one within the term of six months. CHAPTER VI. —OF THE COUNCIL OF STATE. 47,4', rhe number of the Councillors of State in ordinary service is from forty to fifty-nanied by the President of Ilk Republic, and liable to removal by him. 49, 50, 51. The Council of State is presided over by the President of the Republic, and in his absence by the per- son whom he indicates as Vice President of the Council of State. It is charged, under the direction of the President of the Republic, to draw up the projects of law, and regu- lations of public administration, and to resolve the cfifficul- ties that may arise in matters of administration. It holds, in the name of the Government, the discussion of the pro- jects of law before the Senate and the Legislative Body. The Councillors of State charged to speak in the name of the Government are appointed by the President of the Republic. o2. 1 lie salary of each Councillor of State is 25,000 francs. 53. The Ministers have rank, right of sitting, and a der liberate voice in the Council of State. CHAPTER VII.-OF THE HIQH COURT OF JUSTICE. 54,56. A High Court of Justice judges without appeal, or recourse in cassation, all person who shall be sent before it as accused oftrimes, attempts or plqt against the Presi- dent of the Republic, and against the internal-and external safety of the State. It cannot be convened but in virtue of a decree of the President of the Republic. A senatus consultum shall determine the organisation of that High Court. CHAPTER VII I.-GENERAL ANQ TRANSITORY PROVISIONS- 56, 57, 58. The provisions of the codes, rules, and regu- lations now existing, which are not opposed to the present Constitution, remain in vigour until they be legally abro- gated. A law shall determine tile municipal organisation. The Mayor shall be named by the Executive power, and shall be taken from without the Municipal Council. The present Constitution shall be in vigour to date from the day when the great powers of the state organised by it shall be constituted. The decrees issued by the President of the Republic, to commence with the second of December tQ the present period, shall have all the force of law. Done at the Palace of the Tuileries, 14th January. Louis NAPOLEON PONAPARTE.

THE IMPOSSIBLE 7,439,216. Among the many extraordinary circumstances, con- nected with the present Revolution in France, it is not the least of such that M. Louis Bonaparte has been able to gbll the votes of more than 7,400,00!) persons. -That he should seek to deceive in this, as he has in many other ways, should not surprise us but that he should have so completely forgotten the prudent advice offered to a deceiver in the fable, to keep probability in view," is extraordinary, since he has laid himself open to detection in his falsehood by every one who will be at the pains to examine his figures in connection with the populatiou returns, which are free to the inspection of every one. The numbers advertised in the Moniteur, as having voted on the question of his dictatorship" oui," or not," art*— Oui 7,439,216 Non 640,737 Annule 36,820 Total who voted 8,116,773 The total ponulation of the eighty-six depart- ments of France at the Jast Census in 184t}, /as ,f 35,401,761 From which mqst be deducted tlie inhabitants of Corsica, not included in the returns ot voters., 230,271 35,171,490 Of this number one-fourth pnjy qre males twenty years old and upwards ,f 8,792,872 Deduct further the number given in the French tables as between twenty and twenty-one years r 303,500 Leaving. 8,489,372 as the greatest possible number inscribed as electors capa- ble of voting, being only 372,599 beyond the number who are asserted to have voted, and consequently allowing only about one in each hundred of adult males to have ab- stained from voting. More than one-fourth of the above number, via., 97,0-23, are stated in the census retqrns as being above eighty-five years of age,$nd may on that ac- count be assumed as unlikely to have voted. In addition to this there are the sick, and those absent during the days of election from the district in which they were in- scribed. A very moderate allowance on these accounts would more than make up the above excess of 372,599 without reckoning any of that very numerous class who, upon principle, abstained from voting on the question and who, in tlje department of the Seine alone, are and who, in the department of the Seine alone, are stated to have been 96,819 out of 394,049, the number inscribed in the department. If the proportion who thus abstained is assumed as correct data for the whole of France. then the number who did not vote wnulll be 2,085,863 leaving 6,403,509 as the extreme number whose votes were recorded, or |,7|3,264 fewer than the number asserted by M. Bonaparte to have been given. The number of negative votes is stated in the Afoniteur, to have been 640,737, of \yhich number 96,511 were given in the single department of the Seine-about one in three of the total number said to have voted; whereas in the rest of France, the adverse votes are stated to have been only 544,22(J, or only one in twenty of the allegpd voters Credat qui pult.

AN ADVENTURE IN THE BACKWOODS OF AMERICA. "Talking of wolf hunts," said Black, "I can tell you a story." Whereupon Joe turned over towards the fire, and looked up at Black, and in so doing, struck his foot against Nora's nose, who sprang suddenly upon him, thinking it was some of Joe's fun, whereat Joe rolled out into the room and woke Leo up, who joined the sport, and while Joe was struggling with the dogs, Black continued on this wise — When I first came to the cabin, there was no clearing wi'hin thirty miles, and the only neighbour I had was George B who died last year, up the cedar hill, ten miles or so away. It was a little lonesome, and yet I liked it for a year. But the next six months I never saw a man, and I used to sit and look at myself in the still water over the side of iny canoe, and like it, for it seemed as if I had company. But one day in November I was tired out of being alone, and I started off towards evening to go up to George's. I crossed the river just here, and went along up to the edgf of the water, swinging my rifle in my hand, whistling for company's sake, for it made a pleasant echo in the woods. The night was coolish, very clear, and there was a pleasant moon. Just as I reached the rock brook, close on the side of the pond, I heard a growl that startled me, and, stopping short, I saw a wolf standing with, his paw buried in the carcase of a deer, while his jaws were full of flesh. But he was nqt eating, for he had seen me, and seemed to be discussing the coro- partive merits of his meal before and the possible meal partive merits of his meal before and the possible meal which I presented tor him. He wasn't of yourdog wolves, but a grizzly rascal, large as Leo yonder, with larger hair and stouter legs. He snarled once or twice more, and I was fool enough to show fight. It I had let him alone, doubtless he would have been content with hissed; for they are cowardly animus, except when there are droves of them, or unless you disturb their eating. I took a short aim at him and shot. He jumped the instant I pulled the trjgger, and I missed his breast and broke his fore paw. Then he yelled and came at me, and I heard, as I thought, fifty more answer him. It was not ten seconds before I was in the first crotch of the nearest tree, and four of the griztly scoundrels were under it, looking at me, whining and licking their lips, as if their mouths watered for me. I didn't understand their language, or I would have Sllg- gested the idea of satisfying their appetites on the deer that lay a few roods off. But I could not per«mde them to take any hints of that sort, an I so I loaded my rifle and ithot one of them as dead as the deer. There was more for them to eat it they had chosen to devour their own sort, but I couldn't blame them for refusing the lean bony car- case of such a comrade, especially when a tolerably well fattened man was in a sapling c lose by, and the more especially when, it they had any eyes, they could see that the sapling was splitting in two at the crotch, and I must come down soon in spite or my repugnance to a closer ac- quaintance with them. So it was though, and before I had time to reload my rifle and despatch another of them, crack went the tree and I dropped my rifle just qu;ck enough to catch with arms and legs around the tree and hold on for life, till I could get out my knife fr m my pocket, open it, and shove it in my belt. That done, I watched my chance, and if ever there was a scared wolf, that one was when I lighted on his back, and wound my arms around him, and we rolled away together. 'Ihe other two didn't understand it all, and backed off to watch the fight a pretty moonlight tussle that was. At length the wolf got me under, and he and I both thought I was done for. He planted his two paws in my breast, and the claws left marks that are there yet, while he seized my shoulder with his villanious jaws." Black pnused to show us the scars on his breast and arm, particularly the large scar where the flesh was torn from the bone on his shou.der. He continued,—" I was a little faint when his teeth went in. It was unpleasant, and I had time to think of a dozen other ways of dying, any one of which I would have preferred to that, had a choice been possible. The wolf didn't like the hold he had, for he tore out his teeth, and tore out my coat shirt, and flesh too, and seized again on my fur cap. It was a lucky mistake tor me. I felt his wet lips on my forehead, and had just tine to let go niv hold on his throat and clutch my knife, when he shook off the cap and made another attempt to get a mouthful, but his throat was in no fix to swiillow it if he got it for my knife blade was working desperately across his jugular, and the point of it was feeling between the vertebrae for his spinal marrow. He was a dead wolf, and he gave it up like one fairly whipped. I had bled considerably when I rose, hut I wasn't weakened a particle. The whole had passed in less than half a minute, and I was ready for the other two that now came at me both together. I seized my rifle and met one with the barrel across the nose and floored him. ^s he picked himself up 1 seized him by the hind foot. If the first wolf was scared when I fell on him, this one was more so. I shall never forget the howl which escaped him as I swung him into the air and struck the other a blow with the body of his comrade. The other one, the fir?t I had wounded, frightened at the novel fight, vanished in the wood, and I was left with this one in my hands. He seemed to let out his voice with tremendous force as he swung round my head twice. The centrifugal force as they used to call it at school, forced out his wind, but as I let him fly his scream was fairly demoniacal. He went a rod from the bank, hnd the howl stopped only when he reached the water: I was faint and weak, and mv visit to George was out of the question, so I seized my rifle, loaded it with difficulty as I ran, and, following the water, I at length saw him come up. He struck in for the shore, but seeing me he didn't dare to land. I teased him so for two miles, and each time lie approached the the shore I showed myself and he kept off. I saw he was getting tired, hut I didn't want to shoot him yet, and I followed him tiil he went over the rapids and into the deep hole by the haunted rock. Here I had to leave the river bank, and so I watched him swimming along the edge ot the rock until he found a title shelf, on which he crawled out and shook his hide. But he couldn't get up that rock, that w.n pretty certain; and while he was discussing it all alone by himself, I helped him to settle the question with a rifle bail in his side. He gave a mad half bark and and sprang into the river, but didn't rise again. How I got to my canoe I don't know. I managed to paddle over and get in here, half dead, with my blood all over me and my wounds frozen dry. It was a month before I was well enough to hunt again, and I have been shy of wolves ever since." As Black concluded, I looked at him with wonderment, knowing that this was not the most hazardous adventure of his life by many. He gazed a little while into the fire without speaking, he sighed heavily, and then, resuming his kindly took again, stooped to pat Leo, who was sleeping with his broad lower jaw on Jo<s breast, while Joe lay on his back looking up it the b irk roof, and listening to the roar of the tem- Pt-st.- A mericl.ln Magazine.

Galignani Pllhhhes a notification which will be received with reverent joy by orthodox cooks. It informs the public that the Pope has condescended to grant the permission of using fat in culinary operations on fast-days during the ensuing year. The time ol Lent is exempt."

• A deputation from the congregation attending St. George's Church, Birmingham, waited upon the Rev. John Garbett, on Wednesday, at Harborne vicarage, for the purpose of presenting him with a testimonial of respect. The testimonial consisted of a handsome Clarence carriage and set of harness, witlj an elegant silver inkstand, manu- factured by Messrs. Elkiugton and Mason, hearing a suit- ible inscription, as a memorial of the attachment and esteem of the congregation to their late rector. The rev. gentleman expressed in suitable terms his sense of this manifestation of the respect in which he was held by his ongregation. DECLINE is THE INCOHIS TAX.—Our contemporaiy John Hull obaerves that the decrease in the Income Tax of £ 50,774 upon the quarter, and of X78,114 upon the year, which arises entirely upon the fluctuating as distinguished from fixed incomes, is the more significant, as it is a term in a regular downward progression the produce of the impos: having gradually receded since the year 1847 from J05,600,000 to £ 5,200,000. A decrease of i'400,000 in the Income-tax represents a diminution of nearly fourteen millions in the taxable income of the industry of the country since the introduction of the Free Trade system- a result not very intelligible according to the financial doctrines of the .Manchesier school, which promised us, on the contrary, a very large expansion of our national resources. OPERATION OF THE NAVIGATION LAws.-The foIlow- ing, from the Limerick Chronicle of Saturday, is worthy ot observation:—It is not generally known that many of our merchant vessels will be soon placed under foreign colours, if the owners can do so, in order to entitle them to the freedom and privilege which foreign vessels enjoy when they enter a British port; as for instance, that of using their bonded stores and having mixed crews, yiz.: I f a British ship come into this port, having tea, coffee, &c. on board, for ship's use. those articles are sealed up, and the master must buy his supplies while in port—ahhqugh, as we are informed, the foreign vessel is not interfered with in those circumstances Surely, if this be true (and we have no cause to doubt it), the hardship is monstrous, and might easily be remedied. As another instance of the operation of Free Trade laws, a Dutch vessel has been chartered to load at Belfast a cargo of Odessa wheat, duty paid, for a port in Holland, and (drgeI shipments still will follow. FREE TRADE FREIGHTS IN THE EAST.—A Greenock correspondent wri'es as follows;—The overland letter* arrived in town on Saturday, and at no previous period in the history of British shipping with India did the accounts from Calcutta bring such unpleasant news to the shipowners of Glasgow and Greenock. Freights, which in the good old times used to rule from X5 to £7 from the most expen- sive port, in the east, are now down to jgt and XI 2s. and scarce even at these quotations. The expensive towage up IInd down the Hoqghley, along with other disbursements, make the port charges alone of Calcutta average £1 3s., so that in present circumstances, the entire freight will not pay the harbour and other unavoidable dues, not to men- tion the heavy insurance consequent on the dangerous nature of the bay and river navigation. freights to Mau- ritius were equally miserable—viz., tor rice, twelve annas per bag, whereas the required remunerative figure is thirty two annas—i.e., two rupees, or 4s. per bag. At Bombay freights to England were £258. for coUoil-a poor figure. unless with a very large ship. From the same port to China sixteen per bale or candy of cotton are offered. In former times this would have been considered a fair rate. but not so now, from the certainty of the freight for teas at Hong Kong for home being so low as to make the whole voyage a disastrous one. The Clyde ships at present at Calcutta are exceedingly numerous— Glasgow Constitutional. ENQLISH AND AMERICAN SOURCES OF REVENUE. The contrast between the American system of taxation and our own is striking. America, like all other govern- ments, aims to get as maeld as she can out of foreign mer. chants and importers. England thinks it wiser to levy all her takes as far as possible, on her own people. One or two results follow very naturally. To wit;- The United States debt diminishes as follows.— In 1816 it was 127,334,934 1825 83,788,433 1850 60,228,238 And the probability is, that two or three years will see it quite extinguished. When will England's debt be repaid? The one country lies its tifxes as much as possible on im- ports, so as to make the foreigner pay, and relieve the native. The other prefers to excuse the foreigner, and to make its own people pay all. And here is one result:- Into America-the land which raises its revenue by taxing imports, there flocked, in 1850, from all countries, but es- pecially from England, 315,333 persons. Out of England -the land which lies its taxes upon its own people, there fled, in the same period, no fewer than 280,849 emigrants. Surely this is a fact which ought to speak very plainly. And not the less so, in that, for every 280,000 of people who fly, there is proportionobly the heavier bprden left for those who remain behind. THE NATIONAL PROTECTION SOCIETY.—The National Association for the Protection of British Industry and Oominerce have decided that from the commencement of the present year |ts rulpsshall be so far modified as to allow of the admission of tenant-farmers as members of the so- ciety, at a reduced annual subscription, proportioned to the extent of their respective occupations and accordingly a tariff of subscriptions is published that will enable even the humblest to join the ranks of those who have already combined for the salvation of British labour in her Ma jesty's dominions. The proposition, it would appear, has emanated from the great body of tenant-farmers them- selves, who we lament to hear, still complain of the apathy of some of their landlords, and 01 the seeming indifference with which their severe trials are regarded by many of their natural leaders. The fact that such tenants have of their own accord applied to the association with a view to the extension of operations is a significant and sufficient answer to the free-trade organs, which have so long per- sisted in regarding the Protectionist question as a mere struggle of landlords for the perpetuation of high rents. THE REFORMATION MOVEMENT.—At the fuam Petty Sessions several charges throwing mud, hooting, and other- wise abusing Protestant converts, were disposed of by a bench of local magistrates. A stipendiary was sent down by Government, but the local magistrates persisted in ac- quitting every case in opposition to the legal opinion given by him that the proceedings had been riotous. METHOD OF DETECTING ADULTERATIONS IN GUANO — Mr J. C. Nesbit, the ce ebrated agricultural chemist, in a recent lecture op the Nature and Properties of Manure," gave the following method of detecting adulterations in Guano:—" Procure from any druggist a common wide- mouthed bottle, with a solid glass stopper ( one knnwn by druggists as a wide-mouthed 6-oz. bottle will do very well. Let this bottle be filled with ordinary water, the stopper inserted, and the exterior well dried. The scales to be used ought to turn well with a couple of grains. In one pan of the scales place the bottle, and exactly counrerpoise it in the other by shot, sand, or gravel. Remove the bottle from the sca)e, pour Ollt two-thirds of the water, and put in fqur ounces avoirdupois of the guana to be tested. Agi- tate the bottle, adding now ijrid then a little more water let it rest a couple of minutes, and fill with water, so that tate the bottle, adding now and then a little more water let it rest a couple of minutes, and fill with water, so that all the froth escapes from the bottle; insert the stopper carefully, wipe dry, and place the bottle in the same scale from which it was taken. Add now to the counterpoised scale Ii ounce avoirdupois, and a fourpenny piece, and if the bottle prove the heavier, the guano is, in all probability, adulterated. Add in addition a threepenny piece to the counterpoise, and if the bottle and guano prove the heavier, the guano is certainly adulterated. By this simple ex- periment a very small admixture ot sand, marl, &c., is distinctly shown." ROYAL AGES.—At the present crisis some interest may possibly attach to the ag.:s of the princes who make and mar the destinies of the world. We subjoin a list :-Pope Pius IX., 59 years; King of Wurtemburg, 70; King of Belgium, 61 King of Prussia, 56; Emperor of Russia, 55; King of Sweden, 52; King of Denmark, 43 the President Bonaparte, 43; King of Naples, 41; King of Bavaria, 40 Duke de Nemours Orleans, 38; King of Holland. 34; Prince Joinville-Orleans, 33; the Queen of England, 32; the Queen of Portugal, 32; King ot Hano- ver, 32 Count Chambord Bourbon, 31 Kingof Saidinia, 31; Duke of Aumale- Orleans, 30 the Sultan, 28; Duke de Montpensier-Orleans, 27 Francis Joseph of Austria, 21; the Queen of Spain, 2J; Louis Phillippe Orleans, Count of Paris, 1 %~Kolner Zeitung. MATRIMONIAL PROJECTS OF Lours NAPOLKON.—For some time before the late coup d'etat, says a well-informed contemporary, communications had bet'n going on between the President and Queen Christina of Spain, with a view to a marriage between himself and one of the daughters of her Majesty by her second husband, Munoz and if we are not mi informed some pecuniary advances had actually preced -d this matrimonial contract. However this may be, the negociation has now been broken off, the money repaid, and the elect of the 20th of Decembr, now looks for a consort among the legitimate issue of the crowned heads of Europe. The court to which the attention of Louis Napoleon has been naturally directed is that of Sweden, for the Queen of Sweden is a daughter of Eugene Beauharnais, rnarjied to King Oscar, the sQn of Berna. dotte: and their daughter, the Prmcess Charlotte Eugenie of Sweden, is said to he the object of this proposal. We have grounds for believing that in this instance the nego- tiation is actually on foot. The Princess is in her 22nd year, and may be considered to be French in hei descent from both father and mother.—Moxning paper. PERSECUTION IN MAQAGASQAR. — The Missionary Magazine contains extracts from a journal of a native of Madagascar, where the agents of the London Missonary Society, favoured by a furmer Monarch, have spread Christianity among a large proportion of the inhabitants, from which it appears that the present idolatrous Queen is attempting to uproot the new religion.'1 Four per- sons have been burnt alive 14 precipitated from a high rock and crushed to death 117 condemned to work in chains for Hfe: 20 cruelly flogged; 1,748 mulcted in heavy penalties, reduced into slavery, and compelled to buy themselves back, or deprived of their wives and families. Persons of ranl$have been degraded, and sent to carry stones for twelve lJlontlls together as forced labourers. The persecution, however, proves ineffectual, as it is calculated that for every Christian martyred two heathens are made Christians. At the Central Criminal Court, Thomas Bare, the man who killed his wife at Marylebone, was tried for the alleged murder. The evidence was nearly the same as that given before the Police Magistrate. For the prisoner, Mr Ballantine urged that the jury might return a verdict for the lesser offence of manslughter Bare went tor some boxes he took a boy with him the attack on the woman was preceded by a quarrel about the boxes the instru- ment of the homicide was a file, not a knife some of these circumstances were hardly consistent with a deliberate in- tention to commit murder. The jury consulted for some time, and then convicted of manslaughter. Mr Baron Platt seemed, from his address to the prisoner, to have been hardly satisfied with the lenient verdict; he passed a sentence of transportation for life. A SINGULAR RACE.—At the last sitting of the Paris Academy of Sciences, a pamphlet was presented, entitled- Information on Central Africa, and on a Nation ot Men with Tails (hommes a queue) residing there;" and the Academy, far Irom thinking it an attempt at imposition, received it with the same gravity as it would have done any scientific communication. The author of the work is M, de Castelnau, a geRtleman of the highest celebrity as an enterprising traveller both in Central Africa and Central America. M. de Castelnau states that some time ago he was at Bahia in Brazil, and was told by a number of slaves, brought to the market, whom he had questioned, that this singular race existed. One of the slaves," he says, called Mahamman or Manuel, was remarkable for his in- telligence, and made immense voyages. My studies as a naturalist, enabled me several times to put his statements to the test, and I always found him of great exactitude. Qne day he spoke to me of the Niam Niams, or men with tails, whom he assured me he had seen. In spite of incre- dulity, he maintained the truth of his statement, and entered into minute details. Subsequently I had occasion to converse with a dozen negroes of the Soudan (the Eng- lish call it Nigritia or Negrpland, and is situated on the Nigei) Who all pretend that they had seen the Niain Niams, or had heard speak of their existence, as a fact that left no doqbt." The statemei f of this Mahamman was. as M. de Castelnau proceeds to tell us, to the following effect;—He belonged to a tribe called the Haousta, and he once formed part of an expedition sent against the Niam Niams. After going over lofty mountains, they arrived at a spot ^rhere a btjnd of Ni^m Niams were sleeping in the sun. Creeping towards them without noise, they massacred every one. On examining the bodies, each was found to have a tail about a foot in length and an inch in diameter. Each tail was smooth and g)ossy. Those of the women were the same as those of the men. Qn the "following days the expedition met other bands, whom they also put to qeath; they had the same appendage. EXCLUDING FUNERALS FHOM CHURCHES.—The following "Case," viith Council's opinion annexed. will be read with interest: it is copied from" Justice of the Pecue:"— CASE.-On Saturday, March 2,1851, by the direction of the Perpetual Curate of R. R., in the county of S., was affixed to the doorofthte Parish Church a notice signed by himself and the Clitircliwav dens. containing the following \vord:; Ndtice is hereby also given that any funeral processions arriving at the Church after the conclusion of the second Ifesson will not be admitted." This notice was also read by the Minister from the Communion-place, and also from the desk, in direct violation of the statute I Vic., c. 45, which pe- remptorily!,forbids, either during or after Divine service the publication of any notice for vestry meeting, or any other matter in any Church or Chapel, or at the door of the same." Since that time, on many occasions numbers of parishioners coming with funerals have been forcibly prevented from entering the Parish Church, in pursuance of the above notice, although in the Church are five hundred free sittings expressly secured for ever to the use of the poor, and the greater part of which were at the time unoccupied. At once admitting the right of the Minister to prohibit the en- trance of a corpse into the Church, it is asked, how far is he justified in causing resident householders and parishioners to be prevented from entering in a devout and orderly manner during the celebration of Divine m service ? And also whether the parishioners thereby injured have any other method of obtaining redress, except a dilatory and perhaps ruinous appeal to the Ecclesiastical Court? ANSWKR.-The legality of such a notice appears to be exceedingly doubtful; for, so far from the Clergy- men and Churchwardens being authorized to exclude parishioners from entering the Church during the per formance of Divine service, the 19th Canon expressly contemplates it. That Canon is as follows:—44 The churchwardens, or questmen and their assistants, shall not suffer any idle persons to abide either in the church- yard or church porch during the Divine service, but shall cause them either to come in or to depart." If therefore parishioners come to the church-vard or to the church porch at any time during the performance of the service, it would seem that so far from the Churchwardens being justified in refusing them ad- mittance, it is their express duty to require them either to come into the Church, or to leave the church-yard. So far as Dissenters are concerned, the 92d George 3, c. 155, s. 11, forbids them meeting in any place with the door locked, bolted. or barred, or otherwise fastened so as to prevent any persons entering therein during the limeot any such meeting." and subjects the preacher to a fiine not exceeding 201., nor less than 40s.; and although there may be some doubt as to the application of that section to a Parish Church (see Carr v. Marsh, 2 Phill. 203), the principle that religious worship cannot under ordinary circumstances be lawfully performed with closed doors, appears to us to apply to the one as much as to the other. If this case be correct, the Churchwardens, having no right to resist the entrance of parishioners into the Church, would he guilty of an act of trespass in doing so by force, for which they will be liable to ecclesiastical proceedings under the 5th and 6th Edw. 6, s. 4, or to an indictment for assault, or an action of trespass.

StR HARRY SJJITH SUPERSEDE)).—Major Generat the Hon. Geoige Cathcart, late Deputy-Lientenant of the Tower, has been appointed to supersede Sir Harry Smith as Governor of the Gape of Good Hope. Sir Harry Smith's successor entered the service in 1810, and is sqmethiug less" than 60 years of age. The little service that General Cathcart ever witnessed— about 40 years ago-was entuely involved in military operations on the largest scale. Nor does he appear throughout his brief campaigns to have acted in any other capacity than as a staff-officer. In the years 1813-14 Lieutenant Cathcart, then a very young man, acted as Aide-de-Camp to his father, Lord Cathcart, who was present with the allied armies as a kind of English Commissary. He was present at Lutzen, Baut- zen, Dresden, Leipsic, in 1813; and throughout the advance into France, in the early part of 1814. In 1815 Lieuten<|nt £ Cachcart acted as Aide de-Camp to the Duke of VV ellington, and witnessed the battles of Quatre Bras and Waterloo. We understand that the uew governor will proceed to the Cape in the course of a fortnight. Her Majesty's steam-sloop Hydra will be commissioned at Sheerness for the purpose of con- veying the gallant general to the seat of his govern- ment. A lieutenant-governor is about to be appointed to the Cape, to conduct the civil business of the colony during the absence of the governor at the seat of war. KPMOURUD OBJECTION TO KOSSUTH'S RETURN TO ENGLAND.—A Hamburgh newspaper states that the Ottoman Porte has addressed to the English Gov- ernment, in which it energetically protests against the contemplated return of Kossuth to England, his libera- tion having taken place, it is alleged upon the express condition of his permanent residence in the United States. We find a parallel statement in ithe Vtenna correspondence of the Cologne Gazetie. MEN AND MANNERS IN IRELAND.—The following sketch of 44 Men and Manners in the southaf Ireland is given by the Rev. Mr. Townsend, a Protestant cleigy- man in Cork :—" They (the farmers) still adhere to the old system of agriculture, which, under protection, en- abled to live, as they were content, in the poorest way; and whether it is mental inability or pecuniary in- ability, they cannot be got to change for better. There is nothing here but poverty, the result of idtpness. Those in possession of land are unable to pay for la- bour, although abundance can be got at 6d. per day for best labourers-women for anything. I doubt not that 2d, a day would gladly be taken. There is an imbecility in all classes. In the gentry class no mind for business, no turn of mind for anything but frivolous amusements. This descends from them to others. This is not my own opinion, but that, I may say, of every one capable of giving an opinion. Until there is a change of proprietors, to show a better example, there is no prospect of a happy result. Here, in my district, there is 3II appearance of prosperity in the upper class, I could as soon raise the amount of the national debt as the small sum for the mistress of a school; but if I started a ball, a horse or boat race, or such like, money would be readily found. I am getting, not faint-heqrted, but hopeless, seeing that no permanent good can be done by a single individual. My lile for the last five years here, I trust, has proved that 1 am willing to do my utmost." CAPTION 10 SUITORs.-On Tuesday week a case was heard in the Squthwark County Conrt, which ex- hibits strikingly the need of caution in summoning parties from a distance to appear to suits, where the evidence is not of demonstrative character. A modeller in London sued Sir R. Parnell, Bart. for 21. 2s. the sun* agreed on to be paid for services rendered in packing statuary fignres to be sent to the defendant's country seat. It appeared on the trial that the pack- ing had not taken place according to agreement, and the figures had in consequence been broken. Sir R. Parnell had, however, paid it. Is. which the Judge thought was more than lie need have done under the circumstances, and in consideration of the defendant having been fetched 150 miles from his seat to answer an unsupported demand, adjudged plaintiff to pay him 41. as costs. COLLISION BETWEEN A SHIP AND A STEAMER AT LIVERPOOL.—On Tuesday week 3 serious collision took place near the month of the Mersey, between the steanj ship Clarence, and the ship Gladiator, which has produce^ much injury tq property; but as far as we have been able to learn, with no personal injury. The Clarence, recently built by Mr. Laird of Birkenhead, commanded by Captain Wiseman, and now on her first yoyage, left port that morning for Sydney, New South Wales. The weather being thick, the ship Gladiator, from Dantzic for Liverpool, ran into the Clarence, and carried away her mizen mast and bulwarks. The steamer was so much injured that she had to return to port, and went into Birkenhead dock at high watet for lepaiis. The Gladiator was also much injured, and leakinsr. MYSTERIOUS STORY,—On Thursday morning (says the Gazette des Tribunaux) some boatmen saw floating on the Seine, near Saint Cloud, a human body, which on being taken out of the water was found to be that of a young temale, round whose neck was tied a very large stone. The identity of the body could not be ascertained, but in a small tin box carefully sealed was found the following writing:—"I have never known my parents. Until the age of seven I was brought up by a worthy female, who litfed in a village in the de- partment of the Seine et-Marne; and after that, until the age of eighteen, I was in a boarding school at Paris. Nothing was neglected for my education,. It appears that I was the offspring of criminal relations. My parents were probably rich, for my schooling was always regularly paid, and every caprice that I had in the way of dress was complied with. One day I received a letter signed'your mother.' Shesaid, 'your birth, if known,would disturb the repose of an entire family; one day, perhaps, you will know £ me. Ho- norable blood, my child, flows in your vei,iis do not disgrace it. The future is reserved for you. You will be'placed in a ready made linen warehouse. As soon as your apprenticeship shall be over, and you shalfhave arrived at the years of discretion; you shall be placed at the head of an establishment.' Some days afterwards in fact, I was placed in a shop, and had been there some years when the revolution of February took place. Since that fatal period I have never heard of my family. Alone in the world, and no longer hoping to see my mother, abandoned, without counsel. 1 listened to the voice of a seducer For him I plunged a criminal hand into the cash-box ot my employer. Suspicion, instead of attaching to me, tell upon a poor young man, who was dismissed. He for whom I had dishonoured myself basely deserted me. Here in a few lines is the history of an unfortunate female who has sought in suicide a refuge from remorse. I pray fhqse who may discover my body to give this history all possible publicity. It may prevent other parents from abandoning their children. In the United Kingdom 833 cities and towns are sup- plied with gas, 20 gasworks belong to municipal corpora- tions or commissioners, and 33 to private individuals. 1.51 companies possess parliamentary powers, while 682 carry on their business without such power. The capital in- vested is £12,300,000, and the quantity of gas annually manufactured exceeds twelve thousand milions of cubic fed. Mr. Sergeant Adams, chairman of the Middlesex sessions has recommended from the bench that prisoners or their friends should engige the assistance of counsel without the jnteryention of a third party. Every barrister, not only in the criminal courts of the metropolis, but on the circuits, who was not otherwise engaged, was bound to take up a case if called upon by the prisoner in the dock, and also to receive the fee from him; and if this plan were adopted the relatives and friends of poor unfortunate prisoners might avoid being plundered and robbed by the scoundrels called touters," who prowled about the courts, and got their money from then) under the pretence of affording them legal assistance.

THE LONDON MARKETS. FROSt THE "MARK LANE E X R K 3 8, MOITDAY, JAN. 19. I At this morning's market there was a small shew* 0 wheat by land-carriage samples from Essex, tfur from Kent the quantity offering was tolerably good. Most of the samples exhibited the effects of the late wet weather, tW condition beiiig generiliy soft. Factors nevertheless asked enhanced terms, and a good clearance was made at price* quite Is. per qr. above the current on this day se'nniffW' A similar advance was demanded for foreign wheat ili granary, which tended to check the sale,-and the transac* tions were less extensile than on Friday last. Considerably enhanced terms were asked for cargoes of Hlacft Sea and other kinds ol foreigtriWlieat on passage; Floiif of home manufacture m'oved off somewhat slowly at last Monday'* currency. French Was held ,-tt rather enhanced tern^ and American was, notwithstanding the arrival of 17,00" brls., fully as dear as before.' The display of English bai"" ley samples was not b' £ any means large, and the qema»9 being active, an advance of Is. per fjr. Was paid, on •'j qualifies. Foreign barley Was saleable for grirteJitlftt slightly enhanced terms. Malt was again hehl rdtW higher. The fresh affivals of ctats were perfectly fnsigrtiffj cant, and factors insisted off higher tefttrs: these were reluctantly by the dealers; still a fiSe 8d. <0 fs. per <P' was pretty generally established. Beans Wdre tiot pressingly offered as on Monday, and were quite as de!lfii' then. White peas were more saleable, and grey and bltlo were the turn dearer. There was a good deal of inquiry for Indian corn aSoat, but the very high prices asked pr" vented much business being done. _u Shillings per QuarttJ WHEAT, Essex and Kent, white, new.. Ditto ditto old.. 40 42 „ Ditto ditto red, new.. 38 40 „ Ditto ditto old.. 37 40 „ & Norfolk, Lincoln, & Yorksli.,red, new 36 31 „ 39 Ditto ditto old.. — — »» "I Ditto ditto white, new 40 41 Ditto ditto old.. — — »» *n BARLEY, malting, new. 28 Chevalier 32 8*. Distilling 24 Grinding 24 MALT, Essex, Norfolk, & Suffolk, new 53 55 extra Ditto ditto old 45 48 „ Kingston, Ware, & town made, new 53 55 „ Ditto ditto old 48 53 „ OATS, Lnglish feed, new 18 19 fine 2I Potato,old 20 23 extra f, Scotch feed 21 23 fine *2 Ditto potato 23 26 fine Irish feed, white 17 19 fine Ditto, black 16 17 fine RYE 26 28 old 26 BEANS, Mazagan 24 2f> ..24 Ticks 25 27 „ 27 J Harrow 27 29 „ 29 P'Reon 28 32 „ 30 f. PEAS, white boilers 34 35 32 g Maple 29 31 „ 29 Grey 29 30 „ 28 3J, FLOUR, town made (persack280 lbs).. — — „ 35 Country marks — „ 30 FOREIGN GRAIN. » WHEAT, Dantzic, mixed 40to42 high mixed 44 45extr3^ French red 37 39 white 39 Odessa, St. Petersburg,and Riga.. 33 36 fine 36 BARLEY, grinding 22 Distilling 23 Malting — < FLOUR, French, per sack 28 32 fine 32 jainerican, sour per barrel 19 21 weet 21 LONDON AVERAGES. d £ s. d. £ Wheat .2 1 1 Rye 0 Barley 1 8 3 Beans 1 7 l Oats 0 19 2 Peas 1 10

BREAD. The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis are frollS 61d to 7d; and household ditto, 41d. to 6d. per41bs.loaf^

BUTTERTBACON, & HAMS.—MONDAY, JAN. 13 In the Irish Butter market there has been a fair a""0!1! of business transacted at la$t week's quotations. Best foteW advanced 2s. tq 4s. per cwt. For Irish Bacon Is. per advance was realised in the early part of the week, but being an increased quantity prices closed quiet at 40s to 4V according to quality. The English Butter trade contin°w in a sluggish state. Hams nearly stationery. t- DoraetK fine weekly 90s. to 94s. per C* Ditto middling and Devon. 70s. to 80s. „ Fresh t. 8s. to 12s. per. doz. lbo-

TALLOW MARKET.—MONDAY. J AN. 19.. Our market continues in a very inactive stc^te, and Prl „ have further receded quite 3J per cwt. to-day. P.Y.C. the spot is quoted at 33s 31 to 36s 6d for new, and 36» '?i old. Town Tallow 37s per cwt net cash rough fat per 81bs. Last week's deliveries were 2,858 casks, wh^ the imports amounted to 2.144 casks.

POTATO.—SOUTHWARK, WATKRSIDB, JAN. 12. Since our last there have been few arrivals coastwise, they are quite enough for the damand, which continues tffj limited, and no alteration in prices c$n yet be quoted. following are the quotations York Kegents to 80s., Scotch 60s. to 66/s. I 2 Kent and Essex. 60s. to 75s. g- French 60s. to .s. j f Lincolnshire to ,s..

SMITHFI2LD MARKET. —MOI^D.AY, JAN. W' t To-day's market exhibited a very moderate suppll,,t btO.th English and foreign bea.sta, compared with e IØ brought forward on Monday last; nevertheless, owing the immense arrivals of country-killed meat up to Newg" and Leadenhall, it was quite equal to the wants of 'J*. buyers. For most breeds we had a steady, though by means active inquiry, at, in some instances, an advance1, the quotations of 2d. per 8lbs. The primest Scots sol"^ 3s. lO.d. per 8lbs. as a general top figure. Prior to the d0*, of the market, a good clearance had been effected. Fr°"j Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cambridgeshire, we about 1,000 Scots, and short-horns from Lincolns! Leicestershire, and Northamptonshire, 1,100 short-hor" from other parts of England, 400 Heretords, runts, Dev0,lj( &c.; and from Scotland, 310, horned and polled Notwithstanding that the supply of sheep was on the 0' crease, we have to report a sornewh,at inactive demand » that description of stock, at barely last week's currefl e( The extreme value of the best old Downs was 4s. 4d. V. 81bs. Prime small calves moved off steadily at late ralof Otherwise, the veal trade ruled dull. Pigs, thesupp'y.i which was by no means extensive, met a dull inquiry barely stationary prices. rer 8 lbs. to sink the offal. S A s. d. s. d. s. Coarse & inferi- Prime coarse wool- g or Beasts 2 8 2 10 led Sheep 3 10 4 2nd quality,do. 3 0 3 4 Prime south down i Prime Oxen 3 6 3 8 ditt;o 4 2 4 t Prime Scots, &c. 3 8 3 10 Large Calves 3 0 3 Coarse and infe- Prime small do 3 8 4 riorSheep 2 10 3 0 Large Hogs ..2 6 i() 2nd quality. (Jo,$2 3 8 Small porkers.. 3 8 3 Suckling Calves 18s. to 22s.; and Quarter-old Store* 16s. to 21s. each. HOP INrELLIGENCE.—MONDAY, JAN. 12 j We continue to have a good inquiry for the better sor'1' ( Kent and Sussex Hops at fully the quotations of this week. Purchases of old Hops are made for exportation. Per cwt. Sussex pockets .112s. to 120s. Wea'd of Kent )26s. to 140a. Mid. and Last Kent 140s. to 250s. Farnhams s. to -9. BRITISH WOOL — LEEDS, J[AN. 16. Sales of coinbing Wools this week have been to a modf^J extent. Prices are queted the same as last week, clothing sorts we do not report any change. SEED MARKET. 8f< Canary (per qr.) new 37s. to 38s., oid Cloverseed, red 30s. to 35s. fine 38 ^0 Ditto white 35 **■ Linseed (per qr.) sowing 60 Linseed Cakes (per 1000 of Bibs, each)' 170 2<|0' Trefoil (per cwt.) 16 21 MANURES, JAN. 19, Guano, Peruvian per ton-C9 5 0 „ In quantities under 5 topa „ 9 10 0 Nitrate Soda is 0, 0, Nitrate Potash or Saltpetre „ 28 0 0. Salt „ 150 Bones, J inch per qr. 0 15 0 Dust „ 0 17 0 Rape Cakes per ton 4 15 0 Linseed Cakes „ 8 15 0 HAY MARKE TS.—SATURDAY, JAN. 17. At per load of 36 trusses. 1 Smi thfield. Cumberland. WhitechaP Meadow Hay 54s to 78s 55s to 08s 55s to 78* Clover Hay 66s 87s 65s 86s 65s 8** Straw 20s 26s 22s 27s 21s 27»^ BARK. Per load of 45 c w f, English, Tree £ 13 0 0 to £ 14 0 Coppice 14 0 0 iQ^O TIMBER. ea. d je Baltic Timber per load of 50 cubic » •. 2 2 0 to 3 0 J Yw. Deals per standard hutvdred 10 10 0 15 10 J* Deck Deals, per 40 feet 3 inc'ies 0 J2 6.. 12 Pipe Staves,per mille 110 10 0 ..140 0 v. Lath wood per fm. of 6 fiet 7 0 0 8 0 v Red Pine Timber, per load 2 10 0 3 0 Yw. ditto „ 2 i5 0 4 0 « Birch ditto. 2 5 0.. 3 1° d Elm ditto. 2 100 410 0 Oak ditto 400.. 6

ORDERS FOR NEWSPAPERS AND ADVERT!^ ME NTS, RECEIVED BY THE FOl.LOYVtf$? AGENTS CARDIGAN Mr. Clougher, bookseller CARMARTHMN White and Sons; printers, FISHGUARD Mr. Thomas Davies. 1 LONDON Mr. Jos. Claytoii,'N6'.320,Str»* Mr. G. Reynell, ^2, Chancery-^v Mr. S. Deacon, 3, Walbroo*' near the Mansion-house. Mr. Vf. Thomas, 21, Catha^ street, Strand. t. Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard-Bs. R.Barker& Co., 331* ieet-strW MANCHESTER ;Messrs. B. Consterdine & Exchange Arcade MILFORD Mr. T. Perkins, NARBERTH Mr. Wm. Phillips, ltegis* NEWPORT Mr. John Harries PEMBROKE Mr. Ormond, PEMBROKE DOCK Mr. N. Owen, P. U. .Mr. W Jlmel. SOLVA Mr. John Howell TJENBV Mr. James Hughes..jj 44 Mr. 1 homas, oppositethe And by all Post-Masters and News-Agents throng'1 { Kingdom: and filed at Peel's Coffee-house. Fleet-str^ and Deacon's Coffee-house, 3, Walbrook, London. Printed and Published by JosEPH POTTER, at the Ollie; in High-street, in the parish of Saint Mary, in tb, County of the Town of Haverfordwest, on the 23rd day of JANUARY, 1852,