The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

THE LATEST LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. „„ m TT MONMOUTH ASSIZES The Judges, Lord Chief Justices, Hereford Tintlal, and Mr. Baron Gurney, arrived in Monmouth, early in the afternoon of Wednesday, being met and escorted into the town, by the High Sheriff, William Vaughan, Esq. The next morning, their Lordships attended Divine Service, at St. Mary's Church, upon which occasion, the Rev. Thomas Williams, of Lan- waply, preached a very appropriate and excellent sermon, from 11 Ro-nans, latter part of 10th verse. The High Sheriff being a Homan Catholic, did not accompany their Lordships to Church. The business of the Court commenced about 12 o'clock on Thursday. Lord Chief Justice Tindal, presided in the Crown Court, and after his Lordship had delivered a short and appropriate address to the Grand Jury, William Reynolds and Thomas Melson, were put on their trial for horse stealing, found guilty, and sentenced to transportation for life. John Rees. for an unnatural crime, two years imprison- ment, the la.;t four months of which, to he solitary con linement, (tbis fellow was not tried upon the capital charge.) Evan Williams, for breaking into a house and stealing cloth—transported for life. William Davies, for decamping with a horse and gig- transported for life. William Barnett, for stealing oak tImber-seven years transportation Evan Davies, for stealing two elm planks, pleaded guilty, and was sentenced to six months imprisonment. Lewis Morgan, for stealing a blanket and some wheat— was acquitted. The bills against James Kenear Waters and Ann Hale, for felonies, were ignored. The trial of John Edmunds, charged in the coroner's inquest, with thé wilful murder of WMiain Rosser, at Clytha, was proceeding when our report left Monmouth. NISI PRIUS COURT. Doe demise Oliver v. Powell and anothe)-Tiiiq was an ejectment for recovery of premises in Newport.—Verdict for plaintiff. Jones v. Morrison.—This was action on a promissory note.—Verdict for plaintiff 261. 7s. 6d. CRICKHOWELL. -,Several fields of corn have cut in this neighbourhood, and the harvest is in a forward staie. IRON TRADE.—The buyers say, 4:6 5s ? The iron masters say, no, X3 10s. Died, on Tuesday evening, aged twenty four, Mr. John Peirce Hall, late clerk in the Dowlais Bank, Merthyr Tydvil. Died, August 1st at Portishead, Somersetshire, aged 34, Mr. George Vickris Hyam, of Bristol, fourth son of the late Mr. Thomas Hyam, of Monmouth. Died, on Monday last, age.l 74, Mr. David Powell, of the Graig, near Grosmont, Monmouthshire. Died, on Wednesday last 'at Monmouth, aged 17, Eliza James, grand daughter of the late Mr. John James, stone- mason. Died, on Thursday last, aged 72, Mrs. Mary Cummins, of Par Grace Dieu, Monmouthshire.

~A G RIWLTURE, COM MER CE, LONDON, & LIVERPOOL MARKETS. LONDON CORN EXCHANGE, AUG. 5. We had a good supply of Wheat last week, and the trade was dull. This morning the arrival was, on the whole, moderate, and fine parcels made a fair sale on quite as good terms as this day se'nnight, though the middling and secondary sorts are somewhat cheaper. Barley fully supports our last quotation but Beans and Pease are Is. per quarter lower. We are moderately supplied with Oats at present and the trade is firm at the prices of this day se'nnight. In other articles no alteration. 8. 8 8. g Wheat,Essex Red. 48 a White a 4q Fine 55 a 57 Boilers a 44 Old — a — Beans, Small a 38 White a 55 Ticks 2y a 31 Fine 56 a 58 Harrow a 35 Superfine ^0 a 62 Oats, Feed 16 a 17 New — a Fine 1 s a 19 Rye 30 a 33 Poland 18 a 20 Barley 25 a 30 Fine 2(t a 21 Malt 55 a 58 Potatoe 23 a 24 Fine 58 a 60 Fine 24 a 25 Peas, 32 a 33 Bran 9 a 10 Maple 33 a 35 Pollard, fine 18 AUGUST 7. A very dull sale for every dsscription of wheat, oats, and other grain. The supplies were moderate, and the prices of last Monday were but barely main- tained. _— LONDON COAL MARKET, AUGUST 5. Price of Coal per ton at the close of business Adair's, 13s 61-1-BL-aumont, 13s3d —Chester, lls9d —East Percy, ]3s 3d-liollywell, Us gd-Keiitoii West, 13s 6'd-Orde' Redheugh, 12s 6d— Pontop Windsor, 13s 6d—Tanfield, 14s 6d-Townley, 12s 9d —West Hartley, 14s— Willington, 14s—Wylam,j4s— Hartley, End, Cli.rk and Co. 13s-Gos- forth, 15s6d—Hilda, 14s — Hotspur, 14s-Killingwol.th 14s .'id—Newmarch, 14s-Northumber1and, 14s Per- kins, 138 9d — Riddell's, 15s-Hetton, 15s 9d— Lanibton, lfis 3d-Stewan's, 15s 9d to 16—Adelaide, 14s 3d-Gordon, 14s 3d—Musgrave, 13 9d-Sliipeote, 13s-Hetton, Lis.—Ships arrived 23. AUGUST 7. Beaumont, J3s 3d—Chester, lis 9d—Hehburn, 13s 6d—Holywell, 148- Kenton wrest, 113s gd- Pontop Windsor, Us 6d- Taufield, 14s 9d—Townley, 12s 9d—West Hartley, 14s Gd—Willington, 148 3d —Wylam, 14s-Lambton's Primrose, 14s 9d — Hartley, 15s—Wall's Eud; Brown's, 13s 9d-Clark and Co. 13s 3d-Heaton, 14s 9d—Hilda, ]4s 6d—Hotspur, 14s 3d-Killingworth, 14s 9d Newmarch, 14s 3d— Perkins, 14S-11"alker, 14s 6d-Hetton, 16s to 16 Sd Lambton, lfis 6d—P.usselTs Hetton, 16s—Musgrave, 14s—Ships arrived, 39. LIVERPOOL CORN MARKET, AUGUST 6. The supplies of flour and oatmeal are again large; of the latter article upwards of 2,000 loads have this week arrived from Scotland. The imports of wheat and oats are also to a fair amount. 0.. Friday and again on Saturday, at Manchester, the best Irish red wheat was offering at 7s 6d, and fair runs at 7s 2d to 7s 3d per 7Qlbs. Flour has also been difficult of sale, at 43,; to 44s for good Irish manufacture prime qualities are held at 45s per sack. Good West of Ireland oats have been sold at 2s 8d, and not more than 2s lOd to 2s 10id per 45)bs could be realized for Wicklow and Newry. Irish oatmeal has gone off slowly at 22s 6d to 23s 3d per 240'bs. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET. At GUST 6. We have had only a moderate demand for cotton to-day-the sales are about 1,500 bags without alter- ation in prices.

MERTHYR 1YDVISATURDAY, Aug. 10, 18 3 3 ♦—;— The attention of several ot our Contemporaries has been, much to their honour, directed to dis- cover the causes of the recent advance which undoubtedly has taken place in the prices of nearly every commodity which forms & subject of merchandize. When we consider how ini- portant an influence. remunerating prices have, not only upon commercial enterprize and the the trading community, but upon the wages, and consequently the subsistence and enjoyments of the great body of the people, we must be sensible that there is no subject more deserving an earnsst. patient, and clear examination none, perhaps, which calls more fully into action the exertion. of the mind: none certainly on which more depend the strength and greatness of the nation none in which the philanthropist, zealous for the happiness of his species, would feel greater in- terest. Of those who have considered this important subject, some ascribe the effect to temporary and even to transient causes. One opinion is, that MR. ROTHSCHILD, the application of whose vast capital in funded speculations has so frequently agitated the stock market, has directed so much of his great wealth to the purchase of goods as to occasion the advance in prices that we witness. There is however one essential difference in the nature of funded property and of nearly all other property, which induces us to doubtwhether this be the case. The funds being in their nature a limited amount, any accession of capital to them must form an increase of demand for that of which the supply cannot increase and consequently there would be a permanent increase of price. Of all kinds of merchandize, however, (except a few which form exceptions on special grounds) the supply can be, and still is, so rapidly increased by human industry, that a speculator who pur- chased to such extent as to raise prices, would very speedily find a reproduction of the com- modities he had purchased crowding into the m, r market in competition against hint, and selling probably below the price thnt he had paid. We cannot therefore conceive that so intelligent a merchant as Mr. ROTHSCHILD has purchased ob- jects of general merchandize to such extent as at air to influence general prices. That he has pur- chased largely of some of those things which form the exception, we think exceedingly probable. Another opinion is, that the Bank of England have enlarged their issues, and that the advance of prices is owing to this cause. It is to re~ menabered that the Bank of England are at this moment liable to the payment of all their issues in specie: it is also to be remembered, that the restrictions on Cash Payments, which form part of the ministerial measure now in progress, will assuredly make, at the eleventh hour, an exten- sive run for gold. When we add to this, that the principle of the present ministry has never been, in any one instance, consistent and the same throughout, we must comprehend that the Bank of England stand, in respect to the prospect be- fore them, in a state of glorious uncertainty and perhaps of all mercantile institutions, a great Bank is that to which a state of uncertainty is the most embarrassing. We cannot believe that the Bank have enlarged their issues. It is supposed by our able contemporary, the Bristol Journal,' that the great crash in 1825.6, allu tilt: consequent scarcity of inonev, nave occasioned from that time an abatement of prc- duction; that the political commotions, in Eng- land and elsewhere, which followed the glorious days" in Paris, have caused also an abatement of consumption; and that now, under some ap- pearances of safety, commercial capital comes into the market for goods, of which, for years, the supply has been even less than the demand. To us it appears that this abatement of produc- tion cannot have occurred. The people, who produce, not only live, but have greatly increased 11 in number since 1825 their only subsistence is by prodnctive industry: how can we suppose then, that productions have diminished in quan- tity, much as they have fallen in price ? The increase now of prices and of demand appears to us to arise from a combination of causes. In the trade in Iron, it is plainly ac- counted for from the increasing uses to which the metal is applied, in Rail-roads, in Bridges, for Machinery worked by steam, and for various purposes in building which were formerly an- swered with wood. In the market for Colonial produce, it is quite in order, that a large advance should occur. Whatever Mr. BUXTON may say, there is not a merchant on Change but very well knows that the apprentices" will not work con- sequently the sugar and coffee will he missing. In the price of Corn, there always is an advance for some weeks previous to the harvest: and in this year, the aggregate crop being rather below an average one, that advance is proportionably I p higher. But there are causes which exercise a favourable influence 011 British trade generally. From the disturbed state of the continent, a con- siderable number of wealthy foreigners have resorted hither: their income is so much added to the revenue of the working classes. Taxation has been abating, though slowly, year after year: It has enabled us so much the more to resist the ravages of the Free Trade system-to sell in some foreign markets, to retain the possession of our own. The actual throwing open of the East India trade, the projected throwing open of that to China, have had their effect on British markets. Emigration, especially in agricultural districts, has gone on to an amazing extent: it has relieved poors' rates in those districts, and added as much to the demand for other kinds of industry above all, it has raised up in distant countries a new and extensive class of consumers of British manufac- tures. The enclosure and cultivation of waste lands have also been pursued with similar results. These are some of the causes to which we ascribe the improvement of British trade, and most of them are obviously causes not of a transient nature. But there is one thing more in the case, a thing of far greater importance than all these, and it is, the political state of the country. From the mo- ment that the Whig ministers came into place, every man that had fifty pounds in his possession was in the last stage of uncertainty how long he might preserve it. Under some specious pretext of the public advantage, there was an evident disposition, both in the Whig Ministers and in their very worthy allies the Political Unions, to render one half of the property in the kingdom unpro- ductive, and to legislate concerning the other, so that it should change hands. It was in the first reformed Parliament that these designs of wisdom and virtue were to be realized; and every man, the circulation of whose money would have been trade to the shop and bread to the labouring classes, saw reason, till that had passed, to keep his money in his pocket. The first Reformed Parliament has met: these designs have been attempted, but have failed: and in the return of confidence is the return of trade. It must, to our friends in Cardiff and its asso- ciate boroughs, be a source of high pride and gratification, that their political rights and local interests are supported by the hon. gentleman whom they have selected as their representative. The admirable speech by which Mr. NICHOLL has distinguished himself, in defence of the calumni- ated Freemen of Liverpool against the mean and hypocritical attack which has been made upon their rights and franchise, though it stand, among the heap of trash which now sounds in the walls of St. Stephen's, alone, and distinguished with all the boldness of relievo, is a specimen of senatorial eloquence which reminds us of the most splendid things in the House of Commons in its splendid days. Our readers will dwell with more than common interest upon the extensive, accurate, and luminous inferences, the deep legal research, the vigorous and pionted sarcasm, the graceful and dignified expression, with which, by turns as they were required for the exposition of his case, the Honourable and Learned Repre- sentative of the Glamorganshire Boroughs has defended his cause, and shed lustre upon his native County. We did once believe, that to be a Member of the present Parliament, to sit with polite gravity under the infliction of the sophisms of POULETT THOMSON, to listen with wakeful eyes to the heavy dullness of the First Lord of the Smithfield Cattle Club, to hear with untired perseverance the never ending assaults of JOSEPH HUME upon Lindlay Murray, were tasks to which patriotism itself would fail to reconcile a gentle- man and a man of taste. But we were quite wrong—we confess and recint-tbere is one gen- tleman in the present House of Commons, whose one speech on this occasion would have repaid us for all and most ardently do we hope that that gentleman will again and often bring the aid of his powerful talents to the assistance of his coun- try, in the serious attacks which are meditated Oil her most important interests: ardently do we hope that the fair prospect of a long extended life may afford to Cardiff opportunities of ac- quiring honour, by sendiug him to the Great Council again and again. A report is current that Marshal Soult will certainly retire from office, and that General Se- bastiani will be appointed to succeed him. In this case, it is said, the Duke de Broglie will be- come President of the Council. Brussels papers state that the baptism of the young Prince was to take place 011 Thursday. The son of Protestant Leopold is to be baptized in to the Rgman Catholic church. The same papers announce that the cholera has increased in Ant- werp, and Hamburgh papers to the 2d, received on Wednesday, have the following article on the same disease < GOTTENBURGH, JULY 27. A letter has been received from the Swedish and Norweigan Consul in London, announcing the re- currence of some cases of cholera there, aud his resolution not to give certificates of health, though the authorities in London will not recognise the cases ot Utjatti that have occurred to be cas >s 01 caoiera. In consequcnce of this letter, the Bjard of Health here, issued the day before yesterday, a public notice, commanding the pilots to order to Kanso all ships that they meet with bound from London to Sweeden." A letter from the Agent at Lloyd's at Batavia, dated March 19, says since the 1st instant no Dutch vessels have been allowed to depart for Europe, in consequenc of the opinion prevalent here that a war has taken place between Great Britain and Holland. All the foreign Ambassadors, excepting the French, have refused to be pressnt at the ceremony of opening the Swiss Cantons; so much have the principles spread by the "glorious days" of Paris infected the once famed Helvetic Confederacy. The contest between Miguel and Pedro has come to an end.. On the 24th ult. Count Villa Flor attacked and took possession of Lisbon, with scarcely any loss. The English prisoners, confine* in the city, having burst their bonds and procured arms, speedily liberated all the persons confined, and accrued the Pedroitesl great assist- ance. The police, 5,000, retreated outside the wall without firing a shot, and nearly all the in- habitants immediately declared in favour of the young Queer. Admiral Napier entered with the eet on the 26th, and thus completed the capture of the pJacr. The forces of Don Pedro met on their progress but slig-ht resistance, and a part of Miguel's cavalry deserted to the enemy. A severe contest of about three or four hours took place, in which the Miguelites lost about 2000 killed and wounded, and among them was the M g-uelite General Telles Jordoa. Oporto was attacked on the 28th, not imme- diately under the command of Marshal Bourmont, but with his advice and instruction. They en- tered the place, but were repulsed with tre- mendous slaughter, having lost 1,400 men. The Pedroites loss was 700.—The latest intelligence states that Don Miguel was at Braga. According to letters from Odessa, we learn that the Russian auxiliary army and fleet left Con- stantinople on the 10th of July, on their way to Feodosia, where the troops were to he landed, in order to comply with the quarantine regulations. Private intelligence from Toplitz announces that there is great likelihood of there being a Congress in that town, but that it will consist of Plenipotentiaries from the great powers. Cjtsnt Pozzo di Borgo is expected to be there; so is the Cjunt S'. Aulaire. No mention is made of any one to defend the interests of England. Advices have been received from Jamaica to to the 18th of Jnne. The sugar crop was nearly over, and would fall short 35,000 hogsheads. A deficiency of 10,000 to 12,000 puncheons of ruin was also expected. Party feeling ran very high, and Lord Mulgrave is represented as greatly annoyed by the attacks of the public press. The accounts from Bogota received at Jamaica state that General Paez was suspected ofentertain- ing a design of making Cathagena form a part of Venezuela. Some fears are entertained for the safety ofwthe cutter Bridget, which sailed from Carthagena on the 28th of April. Intelligence has been received that another revolution had broken out in Mexico. The Spanish party had obtained possession of the person of General Santa Anna by means of a conspiracy, with the intention of placing a Spanish Prince on the Throne, but according to letters from Vera Cruz to the 14th of June, the determined conduct of General Arago and other partisans of Santa Anna, who threatened terrible reprisals if the General was injured, had procured his release from out of the hands of the con- spirators. O CONNELL AND THE REPORTERS -The great troublesome has lately had a rough bout with the London reporters. These gentlemen had reported the speeches of the honourable and learned" over and over, till they were quite weary of plac- ing the same things, the same arguments, the same blunders, and almost the same words, day after day, in new modes of speech. So one day they never reported him at all, at all. The represen- tative of ALL Ireland was up in arms, and vowed, (he is famous for a vow in Heaven") that the reporters had given "designedly false" reports of his speeches. The masters of the ever-pointed pencil set up their backs, and (what will not men in a passion do?) descended to replv to him in equal strain, and declared they would never re- pert him again. The "honourable and learned" moved that the proprietors of some of the London papers be summoned to the bar of the house, and had the honour of going to the bottom in a glorious minority. He then moved that the gallery be cleared and it was so one night. There was then a peace—a sort of sullen peace; and we hope, for the credit of persons in whose duties the public is concerned, that this peace will not be disturbed, WESLEYAN METHODIST CONFERENCE—(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.The Wesleyan Methodists' Conference commenced its sittings at Manchester, on Wednesday, July 31. The Rev. Richard Trefl'ry was chosen President, and the hev. Edmund Grindrod, Secretary. Thirty-seven of the preachers died, during the last year, and some of them were the greatest ornaments in the con- nexions such as A. Clarke, Watson, James, &c. Yet the Lord sheweth, that he can carry on his work, teaching that the excellency of the power is of Him, and not of us. The increase in the Connexion is— England ..23,023 Ireland 1,51!4 Foreign Stations. 1,937 Canada Conference. 3,000 America 50,000 Total 70,464 There is a Representative from the Canadian Conference, proposing an union with the British, which has been accepted, and the Rev. George Marsden was chosen to accompany him to settle the resolutions entered into. There were between 400 and 500 preachers present; and the greatest harmony prevailed. To God be all the glory. A conspiracy has been detected in Paris, at the head of which is a M. Perardel, to deliver up to the republican party a quantity of arms which are being manufactured for the use ofthe govern- ment. Several pupils of the Polytechnic Schcol, and members of the Societes des droits de rHomme" are in custody. Thcrewas more than one discovery of private manutitctorifs of bullets, and of revolutionary addresses to the people in the press. The conspiracy was brought to light by the precaution which the Citizen King takes towards his loving subjects of watching well the gunsmiths shops." Happy King! Happy People! REPRESENTATION OF THE CITY.Sir John Key having accepted the chiltern hundreds, F. Kem- ble, Esq., a gentleman of Conservative principles, has offered himself for the vacant seat, and with every prospect of success. The people are sick of Whigg-ery-it has stopt payment. THE HARVEST.—From the general accounts given.of the harvest in many quarters, we collect that the late fine weather has been of very bene- ficial effect: that in most places there is promise of abundance in some, of about nn average crop and iit a few, of considerably below an average,

( |/(l'11-1 eisteddfod. ( Continued.) 8I^N^ °F THE GAZETTE AND GUARDIAN. l'on, l'a aving detected an error in my last communica- lhe t0 correct it before I proceed to notice l^athave LlmlKmant of the Eisteddfodau and Gorseddau The m ,6en held' at val"io"s, periods in Glamorganshire. taW t0 l'le c'la'r °f Arthur, and tlie knights of the P*NGjjEFe» Was YN erbyn y byd. yn enw DUW A'I Utter ex -aE^ not yn enw Duw aphob Daionithe iPrpSSI0.n having been selected, as an appropriate faliejj ? ~eraint fardd glas o'r gadair, when he renewed •ifcce a baPl'sm*l chair at Llandaff; and it has, ever the <l'isJ>Per*a'ned the chair of Morganwg, or rather, of MoreantlCt' including (according to bardic institutions) ?at»vL *g' Gwent, Erging, Euas, and Ystrad yw. Mor- °ther a Euas, are generally mentioned without Fa StYu awrgan, having, acw^'ng to Cajradoc of Llan- iiigto \v Cardiff Castle, in proclaimed, (accord- ^'hick ? fr anc'ent authorities) a grand Eisteddfod there, Rhjfj afew years before his fatal conflict with ['ooiinj8 ewdwr, and the ultimate subjugation of his if °n py the Normans facilitated,itmust be confessed, cWacfnt're'y occasioned, by the general perfidy of his positio CT' ^ut l^e bards who attended, or of the com- I recite there, nothing whatever now is known. &h (>v. "ocb ab Rhiccart, grandson of the noted Einion "S^itist TV^d' wh° espoused the cause of the Normans oftW ,styn ab Gwrgan, was one of the early presidents ^°rsed |8'r ^'r ^ar^>an^ held frequent Eisteddfodau and *oUs] u there; but, although his poems are still nume- Hot ''ie particular periods of those meetings are corded. less\Uin aA,r ap y Diwlith (Great Evan, son of the Dew. «otne P^es'de<\ at several Eisteddfodau at Tir Iarll, at 'nstit lcil Owned (Grammatical and Metrical hi8 utes) was ratified and adopted. This man acquired his J>ln.aP,'C cognomen from the peculiar circumstance of iiif4 atlv'ly It is said that he was found, a new borh loijjg a* a spot on Margam mountain, called then, from less 1 ^evai!ing superstition, Twmpath Ditvlith, ( the dew- p°Se,11 'ock) by one of the monks of Margam Abbey, [sup. his f \even at that time of popish credulity, to have been ilal at,ler] and adopted by him but, to obviate the scan- discov'lSequ"nt on exposure, he involved his birth and pfeva;*ry 'n a degree of mysteriousness that suited the the [• en' taste of the age. This bard's Dwned existed in ^awt^en ar'd Gwilym Tew, and probably many regOetime, from 14U3 to 1405, for authorities vary with 94rd Ollast to the precise period, an Eisteddfod was held at the IIlId tery of Penn Rhys, in the parish of Ystrad-dyfodwg, HoSe ausPices °- Owajn Glyndwr, [Owen Glendore] tt)ate the monks of that place had espoused and prod0 'y Promoted. At this Eisteddfod, Gwilym Tew {0(]e ^ed his A will y Wyryf Fair VVenn o Benn Rhys'' *»<ll tllP' Blessed Virgin Mary of Penn Rhys.] This *i»d Contained examples of several old Welsh metres that ^^v'°nsly fallen into disuse, and it was adopted at that S> and acknowledged, for a considerable tune, as the Suerd ^le Welsh metrical canons; hut it underwent ktig pj; corrections and augmentations, during the very *"earK °f the auth°r> according as his indefatigoble •he m enabled him to trace out, with considerable success, ^>av(. etres. -with their requisites, of the primitive bards. I ^0rmer occasion, observed, in a brief biographical *iippr lhia bard, that the monastery of Penn Rhys was very for confederating with O .vain, from at least a >iowXC"SaWe spirit of nationality. Its property and *414 were sold, under the fiat of Henry the Fifth, in s the English religious houses been subjected to 4id Sllnllnary retaliations, for variously abetting, as they '0I-tuties of different interests, during the civil com Cniiflicf centuries, arising from oppression, ambition, or ret. "g claims to the throne, there would not have V0|"acin those wealthy possessions to tempt the cupiiiity, and lawless grasp, of Henry the Eighth, iftlci >»',ew'i -^wdl has been published in Cyfrinaeh y i&rl'; "P.rimed in 18'29, froiti an ancient manuscript. I 'Oqj to think that the Eisteddfod of Penn Rhy3, "jotivgg 0f p0ii,icai prudence, was not summoned *0 re<l>tisile notice of a year and a day, according 4 gltlruate usage. •49o p eQded Eisteddfod was held at Neath Abbey, in -nder the patronage of Abbot Lleision. The dis- ant^ learned bard, Lewys Morganwg, presided *trict bardic congress, which appears to have been held in .Wj^ormity with prescribed rules, and recited his I)601 to -^hbot Lleision, published in Doctor Print I)afvd(I Rhys's learned and elaborate grammar, ed' 4»dl lQ '^92, and, recently, in Cyfrinaeh y Beirdd. This >1>eil'icSli,CCee^P ^lat Gwilym |Tew, as an improved &tler ? standard although the latter, with regard to the J'literat-Stn,eture of metres, independent of additional erentlve complexity, might still justly claim the pre- Lewys's awdl, however, evinces a more exalted a''°n. The following is a literal translation of the '«The^ed to this awdl in Cyfrinaeh y Beirtid :— I'ltisj '8 *s atl ode composed by Lewis Morganwg, to j^011 Abbot of Neath-dale, at his request, to teach 10 thest °f 'he antient metres of vocal or recitative poetry, jy°ung poets, invited to a congress of bards and "^t'on was there, in the fifth year of the cor- Henry the Seventh, in the Whitsun-holidays The ls ode contains many of the old metres." "Op commences thus ;— (A e8 oesoedd llysoedd Lleision,-Abad Nedd °f ages to the courts of Lleision,— Abbot of Neath) ?V<] #r a few grateful compliments to the Abbot, the ^cteds to describe this Temple of Neath (Teml .'f the reverently designates it; and the delineation °^ce truly magnificent edifice, now, as a celebrated *tins kard savs of "Caerphili Gawr," only mighty in ^lite,,S. gorgeously pourtrayed in the euplrony of superior poetry. Often have the votaries of the AWEN t,li« venerable pile with /pilgrim feet, and fondly with anxious inspection, the very room where 'fclf.k °ld A-hbot and the mighty hard, seized, in the *tchan°l,tld chann of genitis, the voracious ears of their 'Sain audience andafter their first reluctant adieu, I'll 11.11 ed to gaze, and gazing, blest the scene 4nt- '"formed that several very interesting remains have recently been discovered, under the ■4.. ar*d fallen masses of this Abbey. '\t¡d tr d, and regularly convened Eisteddfod of bards '*t>ro,,ns,rel8. was at Cardiff Castle, under the jeGihrol Patr°nage of Lord William Herbert, Earl of s'el C' ^ut cannot at present determine its period. Sion, in his preface to his manuscript copy of v>ack y Beirdd," dated 1601, thus refers to it: Ag 0 's'wyd Beirdd y teirgwlad yng ngbyd i gastell ^antl nodded a dawn vr Arglwydd William ^>enfro» a phenn Arlwydd Morganwg, He v i •'fef^ d wrth Gerdd; ag yno y gwnaethpwyd Barn a Qf9, ar Gerdd Dafod," and from this the efe g e three countries [Morganwg Gwent, and Euas] j^troj. lainioned together to Cardiff Castle, under the and 5'^ts I"ord William Herbert, Earl of j 0rSed<j and IJ°r(l paramount of Glamorgan, where a tw^^en't inaugural chair] of poetry was held, and there f?*try order, and distinction, relating to recitative 0 determined." Edward Dafydd, after the death ^^Tinach Sion, made considerable additions to the v h 'uand suppl'ed an additional preface to it, in C 4rch 6 8 mentions this Eisteddfod Gann ystvried er D roddwyd ar y Beirdd yng Ngorsedd Cerdd Dafod ■ihIJ yr. h.onn a gynneilwyd, yny Castell vno gann fc^^ctio .William Herbert, &c &c. "Considering the tk try, nS'vcntothe bards in the Gorsedd of recitative e tItt Cardiff, which was held at the castle there, under g'fts» and command of Lord William » etfibn ^C' n°hleman, from the manyhonour- l'P«ars grat'tude paid to his liberallity and memory, kit -° "ave been the Mtecenas of the Welsh bards Period.

MORE UNIONS. 1l°1>o SAL FOR A GRAND PHYSICAL PATHOLOGICAL ? Tup wriT^ UNION. UIT°R OF THE GAZETTE AND GUARDIAN. sta\e>» °ns'dering the excellent good service done to f'6 f?a|m that most useful and only unviolable estate of ^at th 6 Unions, (as is evident from the y^r°0gho ministers who lately proclaimed them, sote f0r u' a" England, mischievous nuisances, do now 0f .v .,rk inviolability, doubtless having experienced s Prin 8°°d effects,) it must surprise every one that PpliedtC1P e °f them should not hitherto have been "fk'6' to ij, 6 cure other grievances than those of the to bod 6 redress of which their power has been confined, t ^atftl nat,,ra'> f°r example,—is it not quite as liable h>rf|'ptj0era'}gemeuts as the body politic ? Are there not j^aj) j^18 '.n its juices and organs quite as fatal to b 8,,redlva^'ness as a corrupt representation t Freedom ^?.Ssa»e ls a fine thing there is no comfort in our J; "thout it; but is not freedom of \»V,n§ boJ6S' ^im^ary, biliary, &c. &c., in this proper havy; !qn,aI1>' ,^al. to life (as a classical alderman I ^'hing tvte said) with that political freedom? Is there h f°Qghsf r°tten in the state of Denmark" but rotten ^,Ve, and who has seen as many rotten livers as I 0 v«al|{ many ?yil livers (alive) as every man may, fef0 s Py a ginshop or tavern, will, I ain sure, allow a* ^aoy ls as much wanted in the one body as the other; const'tutions that must still be ruined, fe]t "e British, for want of it. For my own part, I I ^arllt /?st acutely the curse of Nomination Boroughs it tit -cen a nightmare to me, and East Retford I t0 r ? whole housefull of unreformed members, If^'ohn'p m-V P*tr'olic hreast like h^gs, ever since a fevv USselT*ssecond speech about Reform, (not the th^ed ;t 'nths previous, when he declared that people *ere ^0re' and were grown hike-warm to it/') us j ,ne even as those pigmy co.nbatants Ben c0 't)d oiif t0 S?e ^"hting some whole celebrated battles, tss? j* Pn his great toe for abattle field. et shall I i* still P uht whether if all the boroughs in England alf with the rot as before, all together would State n P tonne of one rotten liver,—whether their I inc°W'tW^en Perfeclly Cllred» would comfort me 'f its condition of that one, always supposing jj pklesg owner. I know how unpatriotic this th0 ^°dies 11 serves nay argument, that rottennesses in our i-4* '0 th^areas worthy of the interference of Unions a* Uo *°uld 8tate- -^adePf0Pose> Sir, that after due search and jnquisi- th^1^ need a" ^'e '"s l^at 's heir to," which not half so lynxeyed and laborious as the j- t0wards the present order of things, to find tsorderg, every man who love» himself, every friend to freedom, (that is ofthe viscera,) all that have any bowels of compassion for the state (of bowels), do forth- with enroll themselves into corporate bodies or clubs, organize themselves into guardia s of the vital organs, to take the constitution (human) under their august protection. After fixing days of meetings, committees, &c., the next important steps in this grand movement," for the acce- leration of the movement" will be to provide the essentials of Unions, drum and fife, piper and drummer, some sur- geon-barbers' poles for flag staffs, and sundry yards of silk for flags, whether it shall be of blood or jaundic, or pus-colour, may form the topic of the first grand meeting's deliberation. Tne next business of the" Grand Patholo gical, Anatomical, Surgical Union" thus formed, will be a regular scrutiny into all human ailments, a cut-up of all the old humbugging practitioners therein, a substitution of the Union's own views of each case for their's, in short, a precise fac.simile of the operations of all Political Unions toward the distresses and grievances of the country, applied to this its epitome or microcesni-this 11 purple island" of six feet by three-man's body. Sir, I laugh to scorn those idle objectors and cavillers (who must have some vile secret hankering in their hearts after the stone, gravel, apoplexy, &c.,) who pretend that there being a set of men who have made the human system thier laborious study, those are therefore best qualified to ad- minister to its relief,—that the advice of but one of these men, so acquainted with the machine, must be a better guide to its salvation than that of a thousand excellent tailors, (for instance)—men ignorant of its complex inner work, and busied only about the externals of man. For would not that argument equally, if valid, knock on the head my august prototypes themselves, the favoured of a heaven born ministry-tlic Unions? Have we not our statesmen equally bred to the 1, calling" of a statesman. with the doctors bred to their profession ? Have we not a perpetual consultation of state doctors, some hundreds strong, sitting on the various "cases incident to that state ? Yet do we not see that these are all insufficient, but a general turnout of tag rag and bobtailWndly under- taking the care of the state's maladies, was absolutely necessary to its preservation? Yes-God knows where we should have all been now, had there been more work and less porter for the patriots of Birmingham Like the unhappy Britons left to their helpl, ss selves by the Romans busied at home, we must have fallen a p; ey to Wellington or Peel; and the smutty modern masters of the worJd- like those ancier-ts-would have only given us pity and whiffs of tobacco for our groans. Surely it will not be pretended that there is not some intricacy in the machinery of a great empire, as well as in this little fleshly one, requiring a little study. Seeing then that our new clubs will bring to their task at least equal qualifications with their models, and supposing poor human nature stripped reajy, like the poor old constitution, for their hundred eyes, \V a fine field opens for the feats of the doughty! for orators, quacks, nostrum venders, &c Gripes, qualms, cramps, cholicks, fevers, paralytic, arthrytic, nephritic, labour pains, all, all are before them !-i-isin(,, like a rich covey to the sports- man, like all the peculations, briberies, &c, of the tories, in one bird's eye view, and prolific of controversies as any queitio vexata ever mooted, rich as Reform itself, or any of the words it has rendered household words! If the latter can stir the radical heart "like the sound of a trumpet, if there lurk a •* fin efiiry" in the bare epithet of 'n some fault in the system of government, quite electrical to patriotic ears, although that defect be quite a philosophical misery, how much more inspiring the actual presence of such a practical, too palpable misery as the scurvy, a morbus pediculosus (the disease a great radical of old Rome, Sylla, died of), or even an itch, with which many of the new Union may be unhappily too familiar at the moment! What a "sublime soectacle" would be the "majestic masses" (to use Mr. Attwood's vocabulary) of our Union in full colloquy on the nature of these y;ira»ttc t appendages to human bodies, mutually aiding in their extermination, or if (like the House of Peers) they prove too tenacious of existence to yield tamely, what a fine, moral lesson of patience might they exhibit in a calm majestic submission to the second plague of Egypt! It would not be amiss for the members to devote any odd hours they can snatch in a month, from work, or search of work, or rest after work, to studying the nature of those diseases they are solemnly met to decide upon and cure. Some old book of anatomy (if jo'nec' wlth astrology the bcttei) with their wood cuts may give them an idea of that man, which they are to turn inside out, to purify and probe, and as it were, to re crcate a process evidently requisite to the cure of those many grievous declensions his system has suffered in the course of ages, from that fine state of health it no doubt enjoyed in the era of perfection and purity, that of Adam the First. Reform, to the back- bone," can alone effect this glorious change and that reform our new Union must pledge themselves to carry, or resign! The next movement" will be to overhaul that pesti- lent old faction of the doctors, as hinted already—those vile disorder-mongers—men who have been notoriously fattening on the falling away of their patients—men so palpably interested in the corrupt state of the human system, that it is astonishing they should have been tole. rated at all, instead of their advice being sought and paid for. To demonstrate the folly and mischief of the whole body, abolish their college, pelt the professors, and lay open the arcana of their craft to public ridicule, must be the work 01 a single hour's meeting. That some sublimely simple method of cure will be elicited from the collective wisdom of so many heads, as a substitute for the old quackery, cannot be doubted, when we consider what great discoveries and grand results, as all history assures us, have flowed from consultations of tens of thousands, hot with zeal, and each sworn to convince his neighbour, when we consider that here are men not only sanguine, but downwright sanguinary in their resolve to remodel man's system wichout the help, f it can be avoided, of the cutting and maiming plan of the renowned radical re- formess-Jfedea, of cauldron memory. Nor must woman, "lovely woman," be forgotten in our regenerating views. However a sad sentence of an ancient date may seem to warrant despondence in the prospect of alleviating all human pains, shall she be left abandoned in the-straw," without an effort? Not A Branch Union might most laudably be got up, the gallant purpose of which should be to alleviate as far as lies in man s power, those peculiar pains and penalties attached to Eve transgression. The Grand Obstetric Union! What chivalric humanity in the very title of such an association If it be again objected to this novel attempt, that, such pains and penalties are founded on a law of nature (at least in cold climes) and therefore a hope to exempt the fair sufferers from the effect of their grand- mother's love of pippin-picking must be a mere Utopian dream; I answer, that so might some slanderer of the Political Unions ask if it be not a wildish sort of hope in those tried friends of the people, to expect from their labours a relief of those evils incident to every people under heaven, stagnations of trade, depressions, discon- tents, which seem the very bonds of man's tenure in this troublous world, and the paroxysm of which affords the sole pretext for the existence of those august bodies ? Again, will it be said that tile Faculty has been found a very useful, however nauseous and rather pompous body and it behoves us to pause before voting it a nuisance ? The folly of bowing to such ancient prescription is apparent in the discovery ot the utter uselessness of another once and long venerated body, the peers, just now made, whose house has been at least as highly regarded for ages as the college of their brother-bores. I think, Sir, I have said enough to draw public favour to this enlargement of the uses of Unions. 1 flatter my- self with the expectation of the important place Merthyr Tydvil getting up the first Medical Surgical Pathological Union." I invite the co-operation of any worthy chaplain to Political Unions or National Conventions, in founding this new Convention for the salvation of the bodily consti- tution. I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, Builth. A POLITICAL UNIONIST.

=- BEER SHOPS, We extract from the Evening Mail the following very judicious letter:- TO THE EDITOR OF THE EVENING MAIL. Esteemed Friend,—With thy general sentiments and remarks on the leading subjects of the day I can most fully ebneur, but I have long apprehended that thou wast not so correctly informed of the injurious effects of the" beer shops," at least in the country, as the Editor of so important and influential a paper as the Evening Mail should be. I am not, directly or indirectly, concerned in the suppression of beer shops, and may therefore perhaps he allowed to express an opinion respecting them, both from observation and from what I have repeatedly heard from respect- able individuals in small towns and villages in the counties of Somerset and Gloucester, viz. that no one legislative act, during the last twenty years, has had any thing like the demoraliziug effects on the lower classes as the late Act for sanctioning beer shops. Drunkenness, and its various attendant crimes, havo been the lamentable con- stquonces in many places in these parts. In the Autumn of last year I had to pass through many of the smaller towns and villages, in the county of Somerset, and was very painfully struck with the great number of those houses which were to be seen in almost every place. In a very small place called Walton, a few miles from Glastonbury, we observed from eight to tell beer shops, and on enquiring of a respectable man in a neighbouring village, I found that since the openin; of those shops poverty, drunkeness, and crimes had greatly increased. Nearly the same affecting reports have reached me from the county of Gloucester. I apprehend that the great evil is in the parties being allowed to drink beer in the beer houses instead of their own homes, by which they congregate together, and thereby are led from one bad thing to another, even to the com- mission of murder. .As a sincere friend to the Evening Mail, I trust I shall be excused in thus offering a few remarks relative to beer shops, which, in my opinion, have greatly injured the morals of many of the lower classes in these parts, and increased the demands on the poor-rates. With desires that thy able talents may be long continued to be exercised for the good of mankind, I am, with esteem, thy sincere friend, Bristol, 23rd 7th month. HENRY HUNT.

THE CHOLERA.—If any relaxation of the bowels takes place indicative of the cholera, the best remedy is a very simple one. Boil a quarter of a pound of rice in-a quart of water gently until it is reduced to a pint; sweeten it to your taste and drink it, and relief will be immediately obtained.—Londm Guardian.

THE LATEST LONDON INTELLIGENCE. Paris Papers of Tuesday, and the" Angs- burgh Gazette" of the 2d instant have been received. TheAngsburgh Gazette of the 2d inst. contains the following of the 10th ult. from Constantinople ;— "On the day previous to the departure of the Russian fleet, the Generals and Commanding Officers were admitfed to an audience of the Sultan, who conferred many presents on them. He also delivered to Count Orloffa letter, in which he expresses his gratitude for the assistance that has been afforded him. Count Orloff will embark in a few days for Odessa. It is asserted that the Count will be charged with a new mission by his Sovereign. He has for some time past been engaged in various d ptomatic negotiations, and from the manner in which he proceeded in those relative to Turkey and Egypt, he appears to be pos- sessed of much tact in diplomatic affairs. Ibrahim Pacha has provided every possible comfort for his army in his new quarters. Desertion has of late greatly increased in the Egyptian army, the chief cause of which is probably the harsh treatment of the soldiers. The bastinado is still in common use among the Arabs. We receive the most satisfactory news from Greece, where the inhabitants now apply themselves ardentty to trade and agriculture. The friendly intercourse between the Porte and Greece is daily increasing. A few years will be sufficient to develop the forces of Greece, and the pultan may perhaps apply to the Greeks for assistance against the very Egyptians who six years ago fought against them."

LONDON MONEY MARKET. CITY, THUSDAY EVENING. Consols for Account have recovered from the de- pression they experienced during the week. They were done at 88j t in the course of the day and closed at S9. Exchequer Bills, which declined to 4i, rallied and advanced to 49 pm. In the Foreign Market, Portuguese tockwas at 90i, and Begency Scrip 231 to 24; Belgian Bonds 961; DuJch 2} per Cents. 51j; 5 per Cents. 98. Some speculation has been going on in Spanish Bonds, which are now 23L