The Welshman

I FAIRS In the Counties of Carmarthen, Pembroke, Cardigan Glamorgan, Radnor, Monmouth, Anglesea, Carnar- von, Denbigh, Flint, Merioneth, Montgomery, and Brecknock, during the week Bettws, 15; Capel- creinant, Llanarthney, Fishguard, Aberystwith, Howey, Newbridge, Machynlleth, Caergwrle, Car- narvon, ir); Llandaff, 16, 17; Monmouth, Penrice, Quaker's Yard, Swansea, Llandovery, Tenby, Hay, Knighton, 17 Llandybie, Lampeter, Llanfair, Llan- sannan, Aberfraw, 18 Newport, Stow, ittios, flar- lech, Llanerchymedd, 19; Chepstow, Penfraeth, 20; Trecastle, Sputfy, 21.

THE FOell SEASONS. ?4 imitcUim and continuation of the oldest btoirn English ? .'??K?'W (!p;d C?A'<?KM.'ift)i 0/?/«'0/(/t? ?OTf-M ?,'?(f'& Spring is yeomen in, Dappled larke singe; Snowe melteth, R;i:iilell pe)t;-th, Smelleth wiude of tiew buddinge. Summer is yeomen in, Loude sin:e cucku; G rowcth seede, I'lowetli i'ii,ULIF-, And springeth the weede newe." A utumne is yeomen in, home Keeper swir.keth, Farmer drinketh, Creaketh waine with new come. Winder is yeomen ill, With stormy sadde clieeie; ]n the paddntke Whistle ruddocke, Bright sparke ii; the dead veare. CHAKLES COWI^.N CLARKE.

AX EXTEMPORE SONG OF HOOK'S. Come, fill your glasses up. while I singasongof P It TCES, A nIl shew men's at the date cf last advices; For since 'tis pretty clear, you know, that -ev'ry man has ms price, 'Tis well to make i.nqui.ri.es before the terms are riz, Price. "-Some sh.thhy rogues there are, that are knock'd down at a low price. Sonne blockheads so superlative, they can't be sold at no price: Some, free of soul in youth, sell in middle life at half price. Anù some go when they're old—why the devil don't you laugh, Price ? ""The world is but an aictloll;-ifto-day we feteh a shy price, To-morrow turns the lot aotlt, and shows us worth d high price; You want to know what Learning's worth—you ask me what is Wit's price ? I answer, Push the Claret here, whatever may be ITS price The shortest actors now contrive to get a rather long price. soiiiet i iii(,s tl.ey're b?irdly Ai;d singers. too. although sometimes they're hardly worth a son £ Pric(?; With tiddlers, dancers, fresh from France, well li_ ki_ ng a John Bull price, Though some, when they get nothing, may be said to fetch their full prie-e. Where'er you sell, whate'er you sell, when selling seek a higher price. put are changed, I need not say, when you become the buyer price; For turn this truth Miould in your mind be- uppermost and clear, Price. There are some things iiiii persons that at nothing would be dear, Price. Don't buy a politician, don't have him at a loan. Price; Nor !a vy^rs, when they n II \cu, you may take them at your own price; Nor fine-tors, who, if fashionable, always fetch an even price; And ch ar of these, the dt'il himsel' shall never fetch a Stephen Pi ice. Your sneaking, sour, insidious kiiavfs I hope you won't find manv, Price. Your Canfwells on the stage of life, don't buy 'em in at any price; Go. sell your brains, if brains you have, and sell 'em at a fair price, But GIVE your hearts away, my boys—DON'T SELL 'EM at what e'er price. And be men's prices what they may, I now shall just make bold, Price. To <)'? it in your presence,—there is nothing like the Old Price; As each man has his own, since the days of Madam Eve, Price. "Why we have OI RS—ind here he is!—Your health, my jolly STKPII. PRICE' ——ea^jcaa—naaooo——■——-er«B—^

COLLIERY WHITE SLAVERY REPORTS. I [We extract the subjoined statistical info, matim from "Facts and Figures."] The Commissioners of Inquiry into the condition of the youne persons employed in coal mines, have just reported to the Queen the reult of their labour*, in the shape of three liutre folios. The first consists of the Chief Commissioners' Report on one half the subject, viz. the physical condition of tt e miners; and the two others are the Reports of the Sub-Commissioners who visited the mints. These reports exibit a state of physical toil and moral degradation, which will astonish even the most zenlous opponents rf factory abues, and IDn"t henctfiirili sink into comparative insigiificp.nee. The stunted stature of the collier children arises, in the thin coal district-, from the bright of the 1"sl1ge" they have to tr averse, bemir frequently not above 30 inches in heicht; and along these, children of hrih KI« either push or draw little wsteeons or corvee, leaded with co-als, ^eichir.e from two to three cwt., and running usually on rotiiih and uneven mils, but sometimes dni«n HS sieves. In the vtry thin pits they are harnessed to the corves fly means of a strHp rouml the waist, nnd a chain passing through the legs; thus they.go filoi.g on itJ! [¡,vr. Jje animal*; and this work is done hy giris in t"OHSlr8, as well as boys, in the thin c"1 (!i"ri,.ts rollke of y,¡r\hirt.>, Lancashire, end the east of Scotland. We shall eive the evidences of the Vandal isrnornnce of the benighted object* 01 this ii.quiry —M r. Kennedy, one of the Lancashire Commissioners says,— •• The moral condition of the colliers and their children, in this district, is decidedly amongst the lowest of any portion of the ■workintr classes. It appears that out of 1, 113 malt's, between 13 and ".8 years of H-ie, 2:5'9 per ceiit. ein write j tht-ir naoves that of 20(} femn]e< of the same age, 1'3 per cent, can write their namt s. When the children have stated they could rrad an easy book, I have l,ut t))el., to the test, and, with very few t'xcp¡;tir>n; I have found that their attention was so completely absorbed in the mechani- cal process of deciphering the Utters and spelling the -words, that thev did not understand the meaning of a Mtiirle sentence." Mr. Kennedy adds,—" I found, however, that the ease was hopeless there were so few. either of colliers or their children, who bad even received the first rudiments of education, that it was impossible to institute a comparison. The evidence, therefore, on this point is not so perfect as T could wish, but! think it will be found to go far to establish the position that want of education is accom- rllnied hy a degraded moral st nse, gross and brutalized habits, depravity, and crime. Out of SO collieries in Mr. Symon's district of Yorkshire, containing 1.640 boys, (it-ly 350 could write their names. In seven collieries of 172 gitls, 12 only could write their names. Even in the Sunday-schools not 44 ptr cent, could read fairly, and not one quarter write. ,At st and even siJo years of aze, the colliers' children are taken to work in the pits, remaining as long, *n<f often longer, there thin the adults themselves, gene- rally ten, and frequently twelve hours a-day. At firstthfv are generally station, d at the rlonr, which are placell in xariou* parts of the passages or roads in the collierie3 to regulate the vetiti;littion, arid htre they remain in darkness and solitude, their only work being to open the doors as the trains of corves pass and repass. The next work they are put to—and in the thin pits they begin this actually as early as eight years old — is to push or drag the corves, as above described after this, and at the aee of from 16 to J, they begin to get or hevy the coal, which is the work of the colliers. It is impossible to conceive more laborious •work than this. Education, under the present system and unlimited hours of labour, is perfectly hopeless. Perhaps the most repulsive facts elicited by this inquiry pre those connected with female labour in the collieries of Lancashire, Yorkshire, and East Scotland. We extract a few passages of evidence descriptive of it, out of hun- dreds Betty Harris, acred thirty-seven, drawer in a conI. pit, Little Bolton, Lancashire, says— I have a belt round my waist, and a chain pa««int; between my legs, and I go on my hands and feet. The read is very steep, and we have to hold by a rope, and, when there is no rope, by anything we can catch hold of. There are six women and about six boys and girls in the pit I work in it is very hard work fnr a woman. The pit is very wet where I work. and the water comes over our clog-tops always, and I have seen it up to my thighs. I am not so strong as I was, and I cannot stand my work so well as I used to do. 1 have drawn till I have h,,1 the skin otf me the belt and chain is worse when we are in the family-way. My feller [husband] has beaten me many a time fnr not bdng rtad? I hare known many a man beat his drawer." Matthew Fountain, under-ground steward at Darlton colliery, Yorkshire, bf loiikrsug to Thomas Wilson, Esq. My opinion decidedly is, that wotntn and sirls ought not to be admitted into pi's, thonirb they work as well as the boys. In my belief sexual intercour e does take place., owing to the opportunities, arod owing to lads and girls workioe; together, and owing to some of the men working in banks apart, and having girls coming to them to fill the corves, and being alone together. The girls hurry for other men than their relations, and generally prefer it. Altogether it is a very demoralising practice having girls io pits. It is not proper for females at all. The girl are uafitte I, by being at pits, from learning to manage familie4. Many conld not make a shirt." Io some parts of Yorkshire the men work completely naked, the girls working with them as described and in both counties the immoralities described are abominable. SOOTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE.— (MR. W.IRI.I;G.)-- eurrent wages of adult colliers in thi-s district, are from 18s. to '20<. per week, when in full work. Lads from 14 to 18 earned from 7s. to 12s., and boys under 13 from 2s. to tis. per week, according to their ages and capabilities. Many of the boys appear to be wretchedly paid for their labour, by the low remuneration of 3d. or 4d. a day. LANCASHIRE. —(MR. KENNEDY.)—The children and young persons H ho are employed as drawers or waggoners are usually employed by the colliers for whom they work,* and these form by far the largest proportion. The air-door tenders, giegers, and pony drivers, are generally paid by the day, and are hired by the master. The best children will get from 3d. to 8d. per day and the drawers' earnings will range from 4s. to 15s. a week, according to their age. The wages in the neighbourhoods of Dukentield, Staley Bridge, and Ashton, are higher. In the neigh- bourhood of X\ orsley and Clifton, where the population is more exclusively occupied in mining, and especially in the former, the wages are lower. A collier will get from 14s. to 16s. per week, and the drawers from is. 9(J" which is the lowest, to 9s. There are, however, other circum- stances which have to be taken into consideration which tend to equalise the real earnings in the several districts, %i2. the rates of house-rent, garden, ground, Sic. At Worslev. for example, the smaller cottages and gardens let from --el 10s. to £ 2 per annum, which is a much lower rate tlinn that is paid at D'ikenfield. Benjamin Milb-r, (No. 7.) at D ikenfield, states, a cottage aud a workman's fire will cost 5s. a week the year round. STAFFORDSHIRE.— (DR. MITCHELL ) The returns from ,>t¡dfor¡j.;hire show toe wages to fce ii- follows: —Age, }j to 13, 4s. to4S. Oi). 13 to 14, Is. fid. to 5". II to 15, 5s. to 6s. 6d 15 to 16, 6s. to 7s. 6 1; 16 to 17, 7s. to 8s. 6d. 17 t» IS, 7s. f 1. to 9s. YORKSHIRE.-(MR. SYSIONS. J—A trapper earns gene- tally 6d. a dav. The burners and others, in the thick This is almost universally the case. coal at 11 jrsrs o!.J. n il) earn about "a. a wet k nil the average, (ttmusih 1 knew one boy of lu who earns 7s. a week ;) those of J4 will earn Hs., and those of 17, 12s. These wages are paid /vr week. The wages of the men vary greatly with their industry and strength; for ycuntr able-bodied men the average will be perhaps 2iJs. a week, but many make 25s. HALIFAX DISTRICT OF YORKSHIRE.— (MR. SCRPVEN.) III six pits I selected an equal number of the oldest and youngest, with the view of ascertaining the difference between them, and then recorded the several amounts received by the whole number, and found that it averaged 4s. Sd. per week, which is received by their parents. 352 children between 6 and 18, received £ S2 17s.0,^d. per week. NORTH U.VBRRLAI;D (NI R- LEIFCHILB.)—The fol- lowing are the averages of the wages paid and the expen diture :— weéks, .£2 4s.; putter, 1 boy, 17 years of age, 1 16«- 8d. driver, I boy, 12 years of age. 13s. 9d. trapper, 1 boy, 8 years of age, 9s. 2d. Total earnings per fortnight, Cs 3s. 7d. Out!m Fortni/jht.— Mutton, 141b«., at 7jd. per lb., 8s. 9d. flour, 5 stone, fit 2s. 8d. per stone, 13s. 4d. m:\slin, a mixture of dilfeieut sorts of grain, 3 stone, at 2s. fid. ptr stune, 7s. 6d. bacon. 14lbs., at hd. per lb., 9s. 4d. potatoes. A boll, at H. fid, per boll, 2s. 3d. oatmeal, 6d.; butter, 2lbs., at Is. 3d., 2s. 6d., and milk, 3d. per day, 3s. 6d., 6s; cotfce I fib., at 2s. 4d., per lb., 3s.; tea, ilb., at 6s. per lb., is. 6d. Sugar, 3ibs., at 8d. per lb., 2s.; candles, I lb. (of 16 to a lb.,) 61(1. soap, stone, at Is. 6d. per stone, 1 !I. 8d.; pepper, salt, mustard. &c., 6d.; tobacco and allowance" (beer), 4s. shoes, making and repairing. 9s. per month, 4s. 6d.; clothes, &c., for parents and children; clothes, shirts, flannels. &c., 5, at 3s. 6d 1 7s. 6d.; stockings, say per fortnight, 2s. (;d "lIJdrie, say, 2. (id. Total outlay for a fortnight, £ 4 7s. !0s'.advJ 2s. (id. Total nuttay for a furtnit:ht, Contributioa'! to beaeBt funds geuer.ttt y

CORN PRODUCE OF DENMARK. It appears by the Report of Mr. Meek, from infor- mation he collected at Elsinore, &c., that the continental portions of Denmark (Jutland and Holstein) seemed to off, r. under encouragement, great prospect of extended '1 lie reSLI ] t (I f "IiS iti f ,,r- supplies of corn for exportation. The result of his infor- matiola UplJlI tiiis point we here present in a condensed analysis of the replies he obtained under the several heads of Cultivation, Prices, Present Exports, and Future Capabilities of Increase. J. Ct. L T I V A T 10" The Danish rural economists estimate the average amount of corn annually raised, deducting for the consumption, at 8,300,000 quarters. Of the population, 3,-380,000 fortlieconsumption of animals, 2,720,0o0 and for seed corn, 1,1 .>0,000. Total, 7,4.;0,000. There remains a surplus (If SJO.OOO, which is exported either raw or in the form of flour, groats, hard bread, and corn brandy. Of the quantity of corn raised, 400,000 quaiters are presumed to be wheat; 2,150,000 rye 2,->00,000 barley and 3,2.50,000 oats. The cultivators of land have hitherto raised but 1 ttle corn with an immediate prospect of disposing of it in England—a market to which they have only had access occasionally, under particular circumstances and there- fore, independently of rye (the bread corn of the country) and barley, constantly in demand for the supply of Norway, the culture of rape-seed, peas, beans, and tares, the breeding and futtniug of cattle, and the distilling of corn brandy for exportation, has more generally been resorted to than would otherwise have been done. If the British ports were permanently open for the importation of foreign corn, the important advantage beld out by the regular supplies cf the British market would no doubt induce the larmers to rtctend LInd improve their tillage, j Denmark is more adapted for the culture of barley than I wheat. II. PRESENT PRICES:—The prices of corn in Den-! mark have, during the last twenty-five years, averaged, for wheat, per quarter, 28s. loct rye, 19s. Dd.; barley,! I is. oats, 10s. (id. Considering the depression ot the eorn-market during the greater part ot that period, and that the prospect of a permanent sale of corn )n En?and will be likel"y fto render the continental marker more steady and irm than they have hitherto been, it is probable that the prices free ? ?<? wouM not be nmch below the following quotations;—Wheat, per imperial quarter, from 30s. to :3Is.; rye, 22; to barley, 16s. to 20s.; oats, 12s. to 15s, The prices of corn per quarter paid i, n the interior are scarcely to be ascertained with any degree of accuracy, For wheat, per quarter, 23s. 6d. to 29s.; rye, 17^ s. to 20s. barley, 10s. 9d. to los. 6d.; oats, 8s. (id. to 10s. 6d. Ili, PRESENT EXPoRTs:-The average quantities of eorn exported from Denmark, including Sleswick and Holstein, in each of the seven years from 1833 to 183'J, according to returns published by authority, we;e as follows: Quarters of wheat, 140,989; rye, 127,521; barley, 388,9('J3 oats, 12(3,98(i. Almost the whole of the export trade from the nume- rous ports of Denmark to Great Britain, is carried on in fast-sailing Danish vessels, particularly adapted to the gra:n trade, and leaded from 100 to 500 quarters each. It'tport friers.—The present prices of good ordinary qualities are, per quarter, for wheat, 10s. rye, 28s.; barley, 17S. oats, lis. The prices include all clitrats exccpt the following; Brokerage bill, stamps, postages, about one per cent. commission, two per cent. There is no duty on corn exported from Denmark. As regards the exportation of wheat, it is not expected to exceed 100,000 quarters in the course of next year. The Danish market has been completely drained, owing to the continual demand from England, during these latter years. The exportation of barley and oats will on the other hand, most likely take place on a large scale, if the prices in England at all warrant it. IV. Ft TI RE CAPABILITIES. — In ease of a regular and steady demand in England for foreign corn, the quantity produced in Denmark and Sleswick Holstein might, without rruich difficulty, be considerably increased; and the natural consequence would be, that the British merchant would again become the principal agent for the regular supply of his own country with corn directly from the place of its growth, and that British shipping would be employed to a much greater extent than it is at present in the carriage of grain under the present system. From 160 to 200,000 qrs. of wheat, from 250 to 300,000 qrs. of barley, and from 200 to 2.30,000 qrs. of oats, would be the smallest quantity that inifjht be expected to be shipped annually for Great Britain in years of common fertility. Such has been the ultimate success of persevering industry, that now this country not only produces what is required for the wants ot an increased population, but has also an annual surplus of nearly 1,000,000 quarters ot corn and grain for exportation, besides other agricul- tural produce. The resources of the country, however, are far from being exhausted, because, although large tracts of land have been brought under cultivation since the peace, still several hundred thousand acres are left n-ttitii/y the ploti/h besides which, a great pal t ut the lal,d already under cultivation, especially in Jutland, may still be rendered more productlve by an unproved mode of tillage than it has hitherto been. Nothing will tend more to stimulate the energies of the Danish landowner, and urge bim to further improvements, than the opening of the British markets for the perma- nent sale ot his produce upon the payment of fixed and moderate lluties, I t is scarcely necess.uy to add that the country seems to be particularly weli <jUaiifiec| for the supply of the English market to a certain extent, as well from its nearness as from its commodious harbours, which are accessible during the greater part of the winter.

ENGLISH WOOL.- English wool ha"changed its nature, and become less adapted to the woollen than it is to the worsted trade: nothing can more clearly estahlih that fact than the decreased exportation of cl.th, and the increased exportation of stuffs. Cloth Exported.—1816, j 636,368 pieces 1826, 384,508 pieces 1840, 215,746 pieces 593,308 pieces 1826, I, J :8,5 8 pieces; 1340, 1,718,617 pieces.—It is evident that there is something acting upon the one which does not act upon the other, or both would have declined or prospered alike and the injury to the woollen branch is caused by the de- creased production of British clothing wool, and the ex- clusion of low foreign wool by the present duty, which though small in appearance, is heavy in realitv", falling upon an article, sometimes so low as 3d. per lh.. and upon which the expense of freight charged upon weight or bulk, without reference to quality, is so heavy. — from nisclu1! new Ifork on Woollen avd Worsted .^Jnnufacttiies. POOR LAW EXPENDITURE, In 567 unions of England and Wales, the averhge annual expenditure of the parishes therein incluJed, in the three years prior to the union of these parishes, was £5,4G4, 257 and during the year ended March 25, hsto, it was £ 3,831,057, of which £ .666,54 was expended In Maintenance £ 2,430,396 in Out ReliefX737.107 in establishment and salaries, In 489 parishes out of 522, which have transmitted returns, no order for out-door relief has been given by justices of the peace since the passing of the Poor Law Amendment Act.-Froin Part. I'aper, doted 5th April, 1842. No. 143. POPULATION OF NEW SOUTH WALES.—From the official statement of the census of 1841.—The population returns in New South Wales, completed in the summer of 1841, show that the colnny has nearly doubled its numbers in three years and a half. Ou the 1st of January, 1838, the population wa-Malei, 55,539; females, 21,557 convicts, (males,) 25,254 females, 2,577. In September, HIll, it was-imaies, (mairied,) 18,802; unmarried, 66,366. Females, (married,) 17,551: unmarried, 26.007. In all, 130,356. Of these, 14,819 were free born 30,745 arrived free; other persons, (which means, we suppose, emancipated convicts,) 15,760; bond and ticket of leave men, 5,843; in government employment, 6.658; nssiirneil convicts, 11,343. Of the feinflies, 14,630 were horn free 22,153 arrived free: other persons, 3,637; bond and ticket of leave, 316 in government employment, 978; assigned, 1,838. The religions were thus divided-Church, of England, 73,727; Scotch Church, 13,123 Wesleyan, 3,226 other Dissenters, 1,857 Roman Catholics, 35,690; Jews, 856; Mahometans and Panans, 207. Landed proprietors, merchants, bankers, and professional persons, 1,477 ;,shopkeepers and retail dealers, 1,770; mechanics, 10,715 shepherds, 12.908; domestic servants, 9,825 other persons, 72,317. lu SYflney- males, 17,169 females, 12,804. At P, rt Philip, which has been colonised only three years and a half- Males, 2,676; females, 1.803. It is calculated that 2,130 are employed in colonial shipping. The number of houses is 16,776, of which 6,375 are built of stone and brick, and 10,601 of wood. From the 6th of April, 1839, to the 6th of April, 1841, there were imported t,915, tons of flour, aud 386,599 bushels of wheat.-Fllcls and Figll re..ç.

SC IIAPN. II \Vh\, rId Alhro hire the apple?" asked a schoolmaster of a coiiHtry larf. Because lie had no knife," was the answer. AN FRSESJSTIBLE Dcx—Sa-d a pretty woman to a1 I- flusbar. d has ma d e me friend of o-irs a few days since, Husband has made me a present of a littl2 bill that you owe him." Who would resist such a polite invitation to pay up? MAKINO THE MOST OF A MISHAP.-Recently, at Norwich, Connecticut, U.S., a train ran off the railway, and occasioned a short (It-lay. k lady and gentleman, anxious to "improve the time," jumped out-ran to the nearest justice <f the peace—and were married! The Yankee magistrate, fond of a pun, observed to the young couple, (reading the syllables of the State back- wards,) C You cut- I connect." Jonathan, laughing at the the joi.e. t icked his bride under his arm, and bolted ba^k to the train, in time to reiurae his journey. ifiitMNwr.v A< iDE.VT. ON Sunday cnvnin-r' last, a person named Devonport. residing at Shaw lleath, broke his thigh by ihe mere muscular ertort ol pulling oil one ot his Wellington hoots! —Ilulifux Ciuurdian. [This is nothing to the recent accident on Gatcshead Fell, where a worthy old lady, addicted to snuff, actually be- headed herself by the" mere muscular eflort" of sneez- ing!! ] Observer. NIF-IIS. FOIL MARRIED '%IFN,If voiir wife be seized with a violent fit of kindness, be very careful what pro- mises you make while it lasts. If you would tive com- fortably. always whistle and laugh while your wife is scold- ing. If your wife boasts much of her relations, praise tiietii, but trust them as little as you can. If your wife gets into a tury, take yourself off without trying to pacify her. LONG ARNS.—The services in one of the churches in Perth, on Sabbath last, were protracted to ten o'clock at nijrht, with the exception of a very short interval about eight o'clock. The substitution, on such occasions, of quantity for quality, reminds us of a circumstance which occurred in Kirkaldy many years ago. The parish min- ister, after a lengthy and fatiguing setierliiit, wds bringing the service towards a close soniewlial peritiattirely, as was thought by a sleek and demure member of session, who checked his clerical superior with a whisper, "Canny, sir, canny, or we'll be cnt atbre the Seceders."—Perth ( \)iistitulional. As AFFECTIONATE LOVER.—A lady, who had £ 50,000 of fortune, ran away to Scotland with a gentleman she liked vastly; hut she was a little doubtful of him, and had a mind to try him; so when they stopped to dine and change horses, and all that, she said, Now, as I have a great regard for you, (as, I daresay, you have for me.) I will tell you d secret. 1 have got no fortune at all, in reality. but only £ -1,000; for all the rest is a mere pre- tence but if you like me for myself, and not for my for- tune, you won't mind that." So 'the gentleman said, Oli, I don't regard it at all, and you are the same charming angel ever you was," and all those things that people say to one, and then went to see about the chaise. So he did not come back but when dinner was ready, the lady said, Pray where is he I" Lor, ma am," said they, "why that gentleman has been gone ever so long!" So she callie back bv herself; and now she's married to some- body else, and has her £ 50,000 fortune all safe.—Madame d' .1 ,.bla,l/. "Bottled Ale," like many other of the ood things of this world, owes its invention to a priest. Dean Newell, Master ot Westminster School in the reign of Queen Mary, was a noted angler, One day, when the Dean was catching ifshes, Bishop Bonner was laying his line 's to catch Newell. News came to the angler of the danger in which he stood, and he transferred himself from the banks of the Thames to a ship Oil its bosom, and was transported to a place of safety. When the days of persecution were cnrL J, he returned home, and renewed his recreations as an angler. He then remembered that he had left behind him, on the day of his flight, the provisions which he had brought to the river-side for the sustenance of his inner man and on examining the hole in the bank which he had converted into a cupboard, he found the victuals untouched. Among other things, there was some ale, which he had put into a bottle; and on drawing the cork, he was surprised to hear a loull report, and to filid that the liquor was extra-excellent. This (says Fuller) is believed to be the origin of "bottled ale" in England.

HOUSE OF LORDS,-FRIDA Y, MAY 6. I COLLIERIES. I The Bishop of NORWICH presentrd a petition from persons employed in the colleries in the midland districts, complaining of the employraeot of females iu labour of the most painful nature. The petition gltve rise 'to some discussion, the general opinion being that great caution would be necessary in legislating upon the subject.-[_vee our -ith pa lie. "] The I)iri,h, Property bill went through a comniittee. The Soap Duties bill and the Fisheries bill were severally read a third time and passed. Lord CLIFFORD postponed histnôtion on the sub- ject of Roman Catholic soldiers serving in India till Mondav. The Marquis of NoKMANBY complained that the noble Marquis (Londonderry) who hnd a few nights ago charged the Whig magistrates of Gateshead with party bias and partiality in the granting of licences, had not taken the opportunity to explain away those charges, after having received from those gentlemen a statement showing that the charges were unfounded. The Duke of W ELLINUTON thought the subject should not have been introduced without notice,- Adjourned,

THE IRISH MAIL.—PUBLIC MEETINGS. On the 30th ult., a meeting was held in the Town Hall, Cardiff, for the purpose of petitioning against the removal of the mails from Milford. Some resolutions having been proposed and carried, T. W. Booker, Esq., said-At present there were two main lines of communication between London and Ireland, —one by way of Birmingham and Holyhead, and over the Channel to Dublin,—the other by way of Bristol and Milford, and over the Channel to Waterford. The distance from London to Holyhead was within a mile or two the same as from London to Milford,—and the former route had the advantage of Railway Communication by the London and Birmingham, and Grand Junction Railways, —the latter by the Great Western Railway. The passage by water, from Holyhead to Dublin, was about 63 miles,- that from Milford to Waterford was about 84 miles giving an advautrge to the Northern passage over the Southern one of about 20 miles-but then the traveller, when he arrived at Dublin, if business or recreation led him to Waterford, Cork, or Limerick, or the Southern or Central Districts of Ireland, must double back a distance of some 70 or 80 Irish miles, which was equal to about 100 English miles, to his point of destination and thus the line through South Wales offered to such persons an advantage over that through North Wales in the distance of travelling of at least 80 miles. This, to those whom we are addressing, whose intercourse lay with the south and centre of Ireland, was a matter of consideration. But, said the Government, (as he, Mr. B. understood) this may be true, but so in- considerable is the traffic of passengers along the South Wales line that it will not pay for greasing the coach wheels, much less will it maintain a Packet station at Milford-for, say they, the number of passengers in the year from Milford to Waterford does not exceed 300, which is on an average not one a dav -and therefore instead of keeping up an establishment for such a traffic, at the end of a land carriage from London of some 2G8 miles, (which was about the distance from London to Milford) it would be better to stop at the end of the Great Western Railway at Bristol, and send such passengers as will encounter it, forwards from thence direct by sea to Waterford, a distance of 230 miles and this along a passage exceeded by few ia the known world for difficulty, not to say da' ger, during some periods of the year. He (Mr. B.) thought this the most extracrdinary and unwise arrangement he had ever heard of. Let the meeting bear in mind the circumstances and condition of the Bristol river.—It was a tide river, and could only be navigated at certain states of the tide a passenger or letter might arrive, from London or else- where, at Bristol at ever so early an hour in the morning, if the tide did not flow till 8 or III hours afterwards, there they must remain till there was water to float them out- and so would it be with packets arriving from Ireland- let them come when they might to the mouth of the Avon, unless the tide allowed, they must remain where the Great Western steamship was obliged to remain, though she belonged to Bristol, at Portishead. There was a very simple remedy lor all those inconveniences, which was this —improve the Old Passage. It was quite capable of im- provement; and the important agricultural, mineral, and manufacturing districts which communicated with it, and by means of it, with Bristol, and the Western, Southern, and midland districts of England, had a right to demand its improvement. His friend, Mr. Williams, had stated a few instances which showed, if their experience wanted anything to show, the digraceful apathy and neglect which prtvailed there; and the wonder was, with such an im- pediment to encounter, that one passenger in the year, instead of one a day, exposed himself to the annoyance of crossing there. It was, however, so easy and capable of improvement, that if Government were willing to give South Wales and the South of Ireland fair play in the race of competition, they would encourage attention to it, rather than withdraw encouragement from the line of travelling through anth Wales, and endanger, if not destroy, their present daily means of consumption with England and Ireland. He (Mr. B.) had given some attention to the state of the Old Passage, and the means ot improving it. He had, from time to time, corresponded with scientific and practical men as to the best means for accomplishing it. Among others he had conferred with Mr. Cubitt, the eminent engineer, on the subject; and he would read to the meeting that gentleman's views. Mr. B. read a letter from Mr. Cubitt; and then directed the attention of the meeting to a letter recently addressed by Mr. Vivian, the member for Swansea, to the magistrates of the county, on the subject of the mail communication through South Wales. Without disparaging the exertions of others, he said, there was no one to whom all interested in facilitating and im- proving the intercourse with, and through South Wales, owed so much as to his friend Mr. Vivian, and from the attention which he had given to the subject, there was no opinion of greater weight or value than his and his opinion was, that the state of things which Mr. Williams had described, and which most of them had experienced, might be corrected by an expenditure at the Passage of about .€6,000. After a few other remarks on the effect which the removal of the Packet-station from Milford would have in withdrawing all interest on the part of Government from the efficiency of the mail through South Wales, an appeal to the inhabitants of the southern part of the Principality, not to suffer themselves to be eclipst d in energy and public spirit by those connected with North Wales, and to have their attention alive to what might be devising in Bristol. Mr. Booker concluded by moving the adoption of the petition. (Cheers.) After a few remarks from some other Gentlemen, thanks were voted to the Chairman, and the Meeting broke up.

A LADY'S BUSTLE.-Oti Sunday evening last, a lady, at Monmouth, lost this indispensible requisite of female attire, which she had made answer also the purpose of a pocket, and in which was enclosed four notes and three or four sovereigns. The loss was notified by the public crier, but neither the bustle nor its contents have been returned to the owner. Monmouth Mop Fair was held on Wednesday last; there was an unusually large attendence of country bum- kins and rosy-faced girls, waiting for hire, and the usual number of blind fiddlers and ballad singers to entertain them. The quantity of stock was large fat beasts rea- lised 6d. per lb.; sheep 6d. Steers had a ready demand; and pigs were higher. Newport Spring Fair, on Thursday last, was rather small in every description of stock, yet was quite suffici- ent to the demand. Best beef (id. per lb. Mutton, in the woo!, 6-Jd. to 7d.; out ot the wool, (id. Good graziers sold well; cows and calves sold at better pric s than at late markets. There were some good mountain ewes and lambs, which fetched from 18s. to '26s. per couple. Pigs, a small fair, with a good demand. 11 orses few in number, and a very indifferent sample of every description.

LOSDOX CAZETTE j -1 Friday, Mag 6. I DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVENCY.—J. Young, Lam- beth-marsh, Surrey, victlialler.-W. Hooper, Reading, Berkshire, tobacco manufacturer. BANKRUPTCIES SUPERSEDED.—John Hope Lowndes, Liverpool, i-nercliarit.-J ames Lockwood, Wakefield, linen and woollen draper. BANKRUPTS.-WilliaM Chandley, Manchester-street, Gray's Inn-road, carpenter.—'John Sdtterthw:iite, CulIuin- street, City, wine merchant.—D. Pope, Fenchurcli-street, merchant.- Henry Capel, Cooper's-row, Tower-hill, wine merchant.—Isaac Sealby, Keswick, Cumberland, edge tool manufacturer.—J oseph Borers, Bromyarti, Ifere- fordshire, scrivener,—Joseph Southern, Kidderminster, i W orcestershire, victmtller,-George Sherlock, Liverpool, ship broker.—Richard Sanderson, Leeds, corn factor.— William lloundsfield, Manchester, commission merchant. —Robert Watson, Colne, Lancashire, worsted manufac- turer.—J oseph Hill, Chichester, grocer. Tuesday, May 10. INSOLVENT.—Matthew Foster, Crosby-hall Chambers. Bishop?gate-street,and Tower-street, Hackney,merchant- B.ILNKIIIIPTS.Iaines Alexander, Leadenhall-street, musical wind instrument maker, Charles Hancock, Earl-street, Blaekfriars, and Paternoster row, coal mer- chant and oilillill.-Williani Ward, Blackfriars-road, draper. Charles Marchall, Old Castle-street, White- chapel, brewer.—Evan Rees, Dudley, Worcestershire, hatter.—William Smalley, now or L.te of Sheepshead, Leicestershire, corn and provision dealer.-Daniel Lloyd, Llanllwchaiarn, Montgomeryshire, timber dealer. Francis Bavntun, Bath, surgeon dentist.—Edward Keys, Hanley, Staffordshire, china manufacturer.—Joseph Tilston, M acdcsfield, silk manufacturer and publican,- George Foord, Brighton, coal merchant. — Edmund Hemy Waller and William Waters, Chepstow, Momoutli- shire, timber merchants.

THE MOON'S CHANGES.—First quarter on the 17th, of May, at Oh. 10m. after. The Moon rises: May 14.— 7h. lO.C. P. M. ) May 18. 0h.at2m. A.M. 15.— 9b. 31m. 19. 2h. 5m. —— 16.— 9h. 55m. —— ) 20. 3h. 28m. —— 17. I I li. 19111. The SUN rises. I Clock after Sun. I The SUN sets. May 14.4h. 12m. 3m. 55sec. 7h. 41m. 20.4h. 4m. 3m. 47sec. 7h. 50m. May 15. Whit Sunday. Proper lessons, morning, Deut. 16 to v. 18, Acts 10 to v. 34; evening, Isaiah 11, Acts 19 to v. 21. May 16. Length of day, 15h. 35m. Day's increase from the shortest day, 7h. 50m.; day breaks, Ih, 4m.; twilight ends, 10b. 53m. May 14. Oxford Easter Term ends. May 18. Oxford Trinity Term begins. Quakers' Ge. neral Meeting begins in London.

I TIDE TABLE. HIGH WATER at BRISTOL, during the week.   _? ?———?,' Etening.    M. H. ){'I:, FT. INC, FT, INC. May 14 9 22 II 9 35 9S 10 17 7 15 ? 7 10 21 ?7 5 16 2 16 10 57 11 21 26 0 14 9 17 1 2 17 11 58 I 25 2 j 13 11 18 0 29 1 15 21 3 1 13 0 19 1 47 2 31 124 6 1 13 3 20 2 59 3 36 26 3 i 15 0 EQUATION OF THE TIDES.—Tbeseequations. applied to the above table, will give the approximate times of HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES — H. M.I ff. M. Aberystwith add 0 15 Holvhead odd 2 45 Carmarthen-bay sub. 1 5 Liverpool add 46 Cardigan-bar sub. 0 15 l.undy Isle sub. 1 35 Cardiff-road sub. 0 55 Milford Haven, .sub. 1 30 Carnarvon add 45 Newport, Mon.. 0 41 Chepstow sub. 0 13Swansea-bar ..sub. 1 45 Fishguard-bay sub. 0 30Thames' mouth, sub. 5 50

I GARDENING OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK. The continued drought will have caused many im- portant operations to be deferred thes, especially, the sowing of seeds and the plantitiz of kitchen-garden crops, must be attended to in.mediatety upon the first fall of rain. If, however, this does not soon occur, unremitting attention will be requisite in watering not only recently-transplanted crops, but young seed- ling vegetables, particularly those kinds which afford what may be termed permanent crops, as the Brassica tribe. Those who have available means will find the constructions of some temporary shading a very useful auxiliary to the watering pot. Seed-beds, for instance, might be defended from the scorching sun by a few mats stretched across a slight framing of sticks; these might he taken off every evening and replaced next morning, by whkh the plants would be greatly hene. fited, and both labour and water economised. Unless absolutely necessary, planting should not be attempted while the ground is so dry.

MIILUKEITNI. I WEEKLY REVIEW OF THE BRITISH CORN I1 MARKET. 1 (From the Mark Lane E.vpress.) I 1 lie weather has undergone a beneficial change since our last, the wind having veered round to the westward in the early part of the week, and frequent showers having fallen almost daily, which must have proved highly advantageous to all spring corn, and also of benefit to the late sown Wheat; during the last day or two, however, the temperature has been rather low for the time ot year. All the reports which we receive tend to confirm the opinion which we have at different time expressed relative to the shortness of the stocks of wheat in the hands of the farmers, and instead of increased deliveiics which might have been expected, consequent on the alteration in the Corn Laws, the supplies from the growers have rather faHen nii; notwithstanding therefore the sudden reduction in the duty from 27s. 8d. to 13s. per qr., the improvement in the weather, and other depressing circumstances, the price of wheat has not given way more than Is. to 2s. per qr. at any of the leading provincial markets held during the week. Even this slight decline would probably not have occurred, had buyers taken their usual quantities, but being mostly j impressed with a belief that a considerable abatement would immediately follow the coming into force of the I new bill, they were surprised at such not proving the I case, and purchased even more cautiously than before. 'I The least increase in the demand-and when we consi- (ler the present superabundance of capital, there seems reason to calculate that speculators will not j remain quiet much longer-would, unless we are much < mistaken with regard to the quantity of wheat in the country, cause an immediate rise in prices, and even [ without speculation the shortness of stocks (provided [ foreign be not ordered in large quantities for home cone I sumption) must, we conceive, prevent any material decline. At Liverpool it is estimated that there are only about 2.5,000 qrs. of free wheat remaining in granary. and the absolute wants of the trade have obliged some parties to pay duty; still there was a total want of life in the operations at that market both on Tuesdav and Friday, purchasers refraining from taking morethan they required f)r present use; and though choice qualities supported previous rates, secondary kinds were obtainable at slightly reduced prices. A cargo of hard Sicilian, to arri ve, was sold at 5s. lOd. per 701b., including freight and insurance. For bonded wheat on the spot there was no inquiry. At the principal towns in York- shire very maderate supplies of wheat have been brought j forward. The Leeds and Hull markets were thin!? J attended on Tuesday; sellers nevertheless, remained very 1 firm, and choice qualities, whether English or free foreign t could not have been purchased cheaper than on that day 1 week, whilst the abatement on inferior sample" did not | exceed Is. per qr. at either place. MARK-LANE, MONDAY May 9. II, 8.1 8. S. Wheat, Engl., red 53 to 62, Rye, foreign 32-36 White .56 68 Oats, 24 V F me rell 56 — 65 Potatoe 22 — 26 f. Ho. white.68 — 72 Feed 18 — 22 Scutch Scotch, Potato 2t 26 Do. white.. Fine. 25 foreign, red.. 56 65 Irish, Potato 14 19 Do. vhlte. Feed 12 14 Russian, red..56 — 60 Tares per quarter 36 44 ( Barley, Malting., 30 32 Rapeseed 1 Instilling 27 30 per last of 10 qrs. (-ii-inding 22 25 Clov(rseed,red,for. f Beans, Tick 26 — 30 White, do. Harrow 29 —32 En?ish. ——— Pi?on 31 35 Linseed, Baltic and Peas, Boiling 36—— Russia 44 52 Hog 27 29 Flour, Town-made Maple 29 —32 and best country ;\Ia]t,Brown .5U=531 marks 5-60 j{ Pale 58 — 60 Yorkshire. Rye, English 32 — 36? Norf.& Suffolk 48 — 50 Average of the Wheat I Barley I eats I R)e, I Beanl I Peas 6 weeks which restates the d"'y.1,. ,I" .1," 10 30 6 M 10 Dtles payab e 13 0 10 0 8 0 ).. fo 6 ? 6 Ditto on grain j ) from British pos se3sions out of Europe 5 02 62 01 a 0 3 01 0 PRICB OF BREAD. The prices of Wheaten Breid in the Metropolis are from 8d. to 9d. of Household ditto, 7d. to 7id. pei 4lbs. loaf. t BUTTER, BACON, CHEESE, and HAMS, per Cwt ,NEW[ RIS it BUTTER. S. CHEESE. 8, S. Sligo, 60 — DoubleGloucester 50 64 Carluw" 80 Sins?ditto 50 56 ENGLIStiBUTTER,per fii-k. I Sinzle ditto 5o 56 LNGnsHBuTTER,pernrk. Cheshire. 56 76 Dorset — 52 BACON, New. 50 54 FOREIGN Middle 48 48 PrimeFriesland.ct. 96 1 HAMS, York. 70 80 1)0, Kid" 94 Westmureland.. 66 I SMITH FIELD CATTLE MARKET, May 9. (Per 8 Ik.,—to sink the offal.) s, d. s. d. s. d. s. A Inferior Beasts 3 4 3 6 Southdown Slierp4 2 4 6 I Second quality.. 3 8 3 10 Large coarseCalves4 8 5 2 1 Prime large oxen4 0 4 2; Prime small do. 5 4 5 6 | Prime Scots, &c.4 4 4 6 Large Hogs t 4 4 8 I n fe i-io r Sheep..3 8 3 lO^inall Porkers.. 4 10 5 0 t Second quality.. 4 0 4 2;Suckling Calves3S 0 44 0 — 'I PRICES OF SOAP. f Yelhv.vSoap 46s0d to 50s 0-l:Me1tinsSttiff34s0d to— «0d Mottled (it)..52s Otl 54s 0d. Rough ilitto.2IsOd —sOd Curd do ..62s0d Os Odt Graves, ]6s. and good dregs, 5s. per cwt.; Rough Fat average 2s. 7id. per Slbs. I PRICES OF TALLOW, &c. I Prices this day 48s 9d to 49s 7d. 46s Od to 11 0d I Town Tallow last Friday 51 s Od.. 53s 6d. CURRENT PRICE OF HOPS, May. 9. IS40, per cwt.  1811, per cwt. '1 !S40. j 18?!. Kent Pockets. 92s 102s Kent Pockets. 11 is 130 Choice 108s 134s Choice Pockets. 135s 170 Sussex Pockets. 88s 95s Sussex Pockets. 106s 112 Choice" 98s 103s I Choice Pockets. 116s 122 East Kent. 100s 110s EastKentpockets 130s 140 Choice 118s 135s Choice. 180s 200 RAW HIDES, SIIEEI" CAI-F SKINS, at per stone of 141bs. I Per skio. 8, d. 8, d. s. d. t d. Rsf seershQif. 5 10 6 d2 1 Market Calf 7 0 90' i Middling hides.. 5 4 5 8 Long woolled sh. 3 6 4 9 Inferior ditto.4 8 5 0 I Short ditto 2 6 3 9 i IJûNDON HAY MARKETS—^AToriTvy] j SmithfieM. Whitebapel. Coarse Meadow May 50s to 70s 55s to 7[»i Fine Upland and Rye Grass 85s 90s 8Cs 92s C!ov(r lIay 80s 120s 80s 1205 Wheat Straw. 40s 42s 38!i 429 METALS. I have no novelty to announce in the Metal market f*" since my last report, save some further shipments ot copper, and 50 tons of Swedish keg steel to India. Spel- 1 ter is in the same quiet position, and the stock has re- ceived some additions by tHe three first arrivals of the I season; the accounts from India are not very encourag ing for the future prospects ot this article. Lead coii tinued in the sime unfavourable state, which is likely to t become worse, from the sudden appearance in the market of parcels of Lead arrived from the United States, where I extensive mines are in progress of work. I have sampled a parcel lately arrived in London, said to be the product of the Missouri mines, and found its quality superior to the Spanish and British common lead. Another pared of 100 tons has likewise arrived at Liverpool. The first price at New York was three cents per lb., and the second four cents but as the mines were very rich, and the smelling of ores very active, it is reasonable to expect that the original price will become such as to successfully compete with European lead. Another rich mine is in full activity in the district of New York, but the ore is so rich in silver, as to render that lead too valuable for com- I mon purposes. In Iron nothing remarkable to announce. j iC. s. d. IRON, Eng.-Bar ton615 0 Do. Carg. ii* Wales ton 5 15 U r Hoops ton 9 0 O J Sheets ton 10 0 0 Pig, No. I. ton 4 15 0 I Do. in Wiles ton400 STEFL, Eng.-Blistered 25 0 0 to 4j 0 0 F Shear, do. do. 45 0 0 to 81 0 0 1 Cast, do. do. 45 0 0 to 84 0 0 COPPER, Brit.-Cake ton 96 0 0 T'le ton 91 0 0 1 v, Sheets lb.00IL, TIN, Brit.-Blt)cks eirt.3120 < Bars c%vt.3140 Banca 0 0 0 to 3 120 *tits 0 0 0 to 3 6 0 Tin Plates—c. (box) 1 !0 0 to 1 12 0 TinPlates-i.c.(box)l lo otot 120 LX. do. 1 16 0 to 1 18 0 LEAD. „ Bri.t. .—Pig ton 19 )00 Sheet,. ton 20 5 0 sil(?t ton 21 100 wVV ilu-f te (dry) ton 24 0 0 SPELTElt" 0 0 0 TO 37 0 0 For delivery 0 0 0 to 36 10 0 TEA, COFFEE, COCOA, SUGAR, AND SPICE MARKET. SATURDAY, May 7. "The intelligence brought bv the Overland M0 ail, that the trade at Canton was still open, has caused a flatness in the market. In prices, however, there is no material alteration. There is a sale advertised for next I uesday, which will tend to establish the prices for the month. Company's Congous are nominally Is. 9id. to Is. f)i(l. per lb. cash. COFFFK-AIl descriptions remain in the same inactive state, and prices, in most instances, must considered nominal. The public sales brought forward have gone off rather heavily, and of that offered only a part sold, without alteration in prices. SUGARS.—The Market opened in the early part of the week with a very firm appearance, and higher prices were obtained but it has since been easier, owing to the expected arrivals. 12,600 bags Bengal have been offered ) at public sale, the greater part of which sold at former t prices for the good and fine sorts but the brown descrip- tions went at a reduction of 2s. to 3s. per cwt. SPICES.- In this maiket, no alteration in prices has taken place since our last. Printed and publisheil for the Proprietors, by JOHN. LEWIS BUIGSTOCKE, at the Welshman Offir-n.-V • situate and being in Lammas-Street, in the Par i of Saint Peter, in the county of the Borough of ( Carmarthen.—Friday, May 13, 1842. (

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—WEDNESDAY, MAY 4. j {Continued from our last.) I On the order of the day for the second reading of the Church Patronage (Scotland) bill, Sir J.GRAHAM, after stating how matters stood with reference to previous at- tempts to settle the church of Scotland question, intimated that government were in negotiation with the parties interested, and that they were somewhat sanguine of being able to introduce a satisfactory measure which would main- tain the civil rights of the patron, the people, and the authority of the spiritual courts. 0118 division there ftppeated- for the immediate reading of the bill, 48 for postponing it for six weeks, 131. After some other business, the adjourned discussion on the appointment of Mr. Fcrrand's committee to iuquire into the payment of wages," or, in other words, the truck system, was resumed; and Mr. C. BcLLLR called the at- tention of the government to the importance of a proper constitution of the committee. Sir J. GRAHAM suggested that the Under Secretary of State for the Home Department (Mr. Manners Sutton) I and Mr. Cobden should be placed on the committee. After a conversation the debate was again adjourned. THURSDAY, MAY 5. I THE MAGISTRACY.- Mr. HUTT rose to move for copies of circulars sent by the Secretary of State for the liotne Department to the various town-clerks or cUrks to the magistrates, between the months of August and De- cember. 1841, requiring information as to the state of the magistracy in their respective towns. He reviewed some of the recent appointments in different boroushs made since the accession of the present government to office. The system which bad been introduced by Sir J. Graham was full of danger to the country; and if it was to be pur- sued, it might shake the confidence of the people in the administration of justice. (Hear.) Sir J. GRAHAM bad expected that a distinctive motion would h ive been made on which he could have asked the house tor a decided expression of its opinion. But the weakness of the present motion, to which no opposition would be given, was in strong contrast with the condem- natory language used by the mover of it. Lord J. Russell, while he wns Home Secretary, bad not invariably adopted the recommendations of the town-councils in the appoint- ment of magistrates, of which several instances were given, stress being laid more especially on the case of Bristol. In instances, too, where Conservatives had ac- tually been appointed, very curious selections had been made, mostly of individuals whose age or iufirmities inca- pacitated them from acting and the proportion of Whigs and Radicals to Conservatives appointed in various boroughs was very great, as evinced by a list in which the names and numbers were given. If ever there was an evil that called for redress, it was this unequal distribution of the magistracy, committed by his predecessors in office for party purposes (ministerial cheers), and by which justice was prostituted in the boroughs of England, and he, there- fore, was prepared to vindicate his conduct, either gene. rally or specifically, with respect to the use of which he bad made of the prerogative of the crown, in tempering and moderating this injustice. (Cheers.) He had not, whatever might have been the character of his appoint- ments, the merit of recommending any one who had been convicted of treason-he was not responsible for having made John Frost a magistrate. (Cheers.) Mr. F. XAULE, after explaining the course which had been adopted by Lord John Russell consequently on the passing of the municipal corporations act, expressed his astonishment that a home secretary should venture in the House of Commons, to make the -groundless assertion that justice had been prostituted in the boroughs of Eng- land. (Cheers.) He corrected the list which had been read by Sir James Graham, and showed that, in several instances, he had destroyed the previously existing balance of parties, and bad converted the magistracy in these places into a ory one. The example set by Sir J. Graham, uncaused as it was by any complaint from the people of the mal-administration of justice, was one which might yet be followed to the great detriment of the best interests of tbt country. (Hear.) A number of members followed in succession, The object of each-nsing bis local know- ledge of information-was to vindicate or criminate the late government in their ministerial appointments. The names of the different speakers were-Sir John Haniner Mr. Henry Berkeley, Mr. Brotherton, Sir Chas. Douglas, Capt. Mangles, Col. Sibthorp, Lord Robert Grosvenor, Mr. Mainwaring, Mr. B. Lambton, Mr. Tatton Egerton, Mr. Jervis (who censured Sir James Graham for his allu- sion to the case of Frost, and contrasted the appointments of Lord John Russell with those of the right hoo. baronet) Mr. Scarlett, Mr. Callairban, Capt. Fitzioy, Mr. Vernon S-nith, and Mr. Wakley, who regretted that so small a mot ion should be the basis of so large a question. The substance of Sir James Graham's reply to the motion was neither more nor Irss than this, that he had attempted to cure one evil by another. Sir R. PEEL said, the expressions which had been used by the Lord Chancellor had been quite misunderstood; the government did not vindicate its appointments on the score of political partisanship. With the present constitu- tion of our society and institutions, it was impossible to keep the magistracy from political imputation; but it was necessary for the satisfaction of the public mind that the magistrates should not be composed almost wholly of one party. (Hear.) The town councils were political bodies, elected on the ground of political partisanship and their recommendations would necessarily be those of the winning party. But the defeated party were not shut out of the pale of the constitution they were entitled to some con- sideration and the government, in passing over the re- commendations of the town councils, were only acting impartially. Lord J. RUSSELL said, that if the Whigs, on coming into office in 1830, had acted on the principle now avowed, there must have been then a sweeping change in the county I magistracy. Torified as it was under a long reign of Tory lord Chancellors and Tory government. (Hear.) But such a consideration as political principles should be a very minor one in selecting individuals to fid judicial stations. Sir R. Peel had made light of the principle of popular selection, as exercised through the tow n councils. In so doing, he repudiated an ancient principle of the English constitution, which was in practical operation in the city of London, and was alio freely exercised in Scotland. (Cheers ) Hedid not deny that the town councils gene- rally recommended a great preponderance of magistrates of liberal opinions, but if the majority of the people were of these opinions, it was natural that there should be such a preponderance. (Cheers.) The noble lord concluded his speech by some references to the steadiness of his own political course, as compared with that of Sir J. Graham, and sat down amid loud cheering. After some observations from Mr. Williams, Mr. Collins. Lord Worsley, Alr. Sti-titt, and Captain Layard, the debate which lasted from five o'clock till half-past twelve, was closed by a relily from Mr. Hutt, aud then the motion wns agreed to. FRI DA Nfky G. I SOUTHAMPTON EJLKOI'ion.—Mr. REDIN'GTON", chnir- man of the Southampton election committee, reported to the house that Viscount Bruce (now Lord Elgin) and Mr. C.Martin were not duly elected; that the election was void, ai d that the parties returned had by their agents been guilty of bribery, hut there was no proof that they were cognizant of it. That the expenses, £5,000, having far exceeded the legal and ordinary charges of a contest, deserved the serious consideration of the house. Mr. BARING moved that a new writ do issue for the borough. Mr. WARD objected to the motion on the ground that grave allegations had been made against the constituency of the late members. The committee had moved that the evidence taken before it b; pr nted. and he hoped the house would take no steps in the matter till it was done. Mr. WYNN moved the adjournment of the debate till Monday next, and after a short discussion the motion was withdrawn. The SPEAKER. informed the house that the petition complaining of an undue return for the borough of New Windsor would not be proceeded with. Mr. O CONNELL gave notice that after Whitsuntide he should call the attention of the house to the administration of justice in Ireland. ELECTION COMPROMISES.—Mr. ROEBUCK then rose to put the question of which he had given notice. In tak- ing the present extraordinary course, he felt he was justi- fied by some very extraordinary circumstances. It was very generally understood that, with regard to the borough of Reading, a compromise had been come to before the election committee, to which both the hoo. members for that borough were parties; that the business of that com- mittee had been put an end to by an arrangement by which one of the members (although both had been declared duly elected) was to accept the Chiltern hundreds, thereby defeating entirely the determination of the committee, and violating the privileges of the house. He begged to ask the noble lord (Chelsea) whether such was the fact ? Lord CHELSEA considered matters of that nature strictly private, and felt himself bound most unequivocally and decidedly to decline giving the hoo. member any answer. (Loud cheers from the ministerial benches.) Mr. ROEBUCK having put the same question to the other hon. member, Mr. C. Russell said, the committee having decided that be was duly elected, the hon. and learned member had no right, either personal or parliamentary, to catechise him on the subject, and whatever inference he drew from his silence would be perhaps as-pertinent as his question. (Cheers.) Mr. ROEBUCK begged to ask the hon. and gallant mem- ber for Penryn whether he had entered into any arrange- ment by which he was to vacate bis seat, although he had been declared duly elected ? Capt. PLUMBRIDGE had no fault to find with the hon. and learned gentleman for asking the question, and would answer truly that he was not cognizant of the arrange- ment till after it was made. (Laughter aod cheers.) The arrangement did not please him then, nor did it please bioI now, but he had always understood that when a man's case was placed in the hands of his lawyer, it was to be left entirely to him to settle as he thought fit. Mr. ROEBUCK thanked the hon. and gallant member for the extreme candour and fairness with which he had answered him. He now begged to ask the right hon. baronet, the member for Nottingham, whether he was cognizant of, or a party to, anyarraugement by which a sum of money was to be paid down to avoid the investiga- tion before the committee of the bribery alleged to have taken place at Nottingham, and whether another Sum was not paid down as a pledge to enable an hon. member to walk over the course ? Sir J. HOBHOUSE did not admit of the right hon. gen- tleman to ask the question, and therefere he should not answer it. Mr. ROEBUCK Could not put the question to the hon. baronet who was lately the other member for Nottingham Sir G. de H. Larpcnt, because he had accepted the Chil- tern hundreds. He notv begged to ask his hon. friend the member for Lewes, whether he was a party to any arrange- ment by which the question of bribery wtrs to be withdrawn from the consideration of the committee, and a member admitted into that house who was not returned by the re- turning officer ? Mr. H. ELPHINSTONE said a compromise 'had taken place by his hon. colleague, but he (Mr. Elphinstone) had never, directly, or indirectly, contemplated accepting the Cbiltern hundreds. Mr. ROEBUCK then asked the hon, memberfor Harwich whether an arrangement had been made by which one of them was to retire and adm t another person as member, and thereby avoid the investigation of the bribery prac- tised at that election ? Major MAJORIBAXKS said, his hon. colleague and him- self denied the right of the hon. member to put such a question, and declined to answer it. It tbe hon. member had any specific charge to bring, he would be ready to meet it and prove himself free from all blame. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER then moved tbe order of the day for going into committee on the income tax bill. Mr. ROEBUCK contended that his question of privilege was entitled to precedence. The SPEAKER said, if the hon. member had any case of breach of the privileges of the house to bring forward, he was entitled to precedence. He, however, was in this position, that the order of the day had been moved, and that motion must first be withdrawn. Sir R. PEEL suggested that the hon. member should give notice of his motion for Monday next. If, however, the house was of opinion that the subject should be then proceeded upon, howevtr anxious he was to press forward the measures of the government, he should suggest that the motion of his right hon. friend be withdrawn. The motion for reading the order of the day was then withdrawn, and Mr. ROEBUCK then rose to move the ap- pointment of a committee to inquire into the circumstances attending the recent investigations before the election committees. lie thought the circumstances justified him in departing from th ordinary course of proceeding, be- came he was satisfied there had been a gross violation of the privileges of the house. The charge he had to make was, that certilin members of that house had obtained their seats through intimidation and bribery. He charged the right hon. member for Nottingham with bribery. He chareed the hon. gentleman who had recently resigned bis seat for Nottingham with bribery. He charged the hon. member for Harwich with bribery. He charged one of the memhers for Penryn and Falmouth witb bribery. He charged the hon. members for Reading with biibery. He charged the member for Lewes with bribery. How, it might he asked, had these facts been withdrawn from the cognizance of the tribunals uy law established ? This it was that had led to the extraordinary proceeding which he had adopted. The law was framed in such a manner that those who were cognizant of their own guilt, were enabled to withdraw the consideration of the subject from the tn- bunal by law appointed. But should it therefore be said that parliament, which possessed large powers, which in- stitute inquiries of a much more striugeut nature, should therefore suffer these Hungs to be withdrawn from its cognizance? He would suppose a case. Suppose a general election about to take place, and that the two seats for Nottingham were about to be contested; a sort of a parliamentary Napoiepn determines to conquer that town he jumps upon as Napoleon would say, with both his feet—he rushes down into the town, he bribes every man he meets, be frightens his opponent out of the town, and he is returned, The party who has lost peti- tions; the committee IS to be struck, say on Monday- fear seizes the members, and they enter into a compro- mise with the party opposed to them. They paid down money for the purpose of exculpating themselves, and of escaping from the scrutiny of a committee. What ought to have been the conduct of any hon. member of that house suppose sch, a question as he had asked to-night had been put to hIID. What would have been his answer Ought he to have sheltered himself under the plea—" that the hon. and learned member for Bath had no right to put such a question'' He should have been glad of such a question he would have said in the face of that bouse, and of the countryi of which he was a representa- tive, that the whole statement was a toullie and calumny. Was the house prepared to say that that gross bribery— that bribery of a whole town for electioneering purposes, was not a gross breach of its privileges? If they were prepared to say so, he had no answer to make but, if not, then he was able in his place, to say that he believed the accusation, and that, believing it, he was able to prove it. The hon. gentleman concluded by moving the appoint- ment of the committee. Captain FITZKOY seconded the motion. Although he had been alluded to by the hon. and learned member as a party implicated in these transactions, he indignantly re- pelled the accusation, and was most anxious that there should be a full and ample investigation of the whole subject. After some further discussion, the debate was then further adjourned till Monday. # INCOME TAX.—The house then went into committee on the Income Tax bill. Mr. Green in the chair. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said his atten- tion had been directed to two points, one was the exemp- tiun of scientific and literRry institutions, Rnd the other was with regard to places of worship. He had taken these matters into consideration since the house had been IRSt. in committee, and with regard to the latter point he had no objection to introduce words to exempt any building used exclusively for the purpose of public worship. (Hear, hear.) Upon the other point he had smne difficulty in dtfining how far he should extend the exemption of literary institutions. The clauses from 88 up to 95 were then agreed to. On clause 96 being read, Mr. HUME moved as an amendment that the average of profits on trade should be made from the current year instead of from the last thwe years. It was well known that the commercial and manu- facturing classes had sustained the greatest losses within the last year, and it would be most unfair to require them to pay upon income which they really did not possess. Mr. WAKLEY believed that until the present bill and the tariff were passed, there would be a great stagnation of trade, parties not knowing how to employ their capital till these questions were settled. Mr. S. WORTLEY and Mr. Muntz also advocated the necessity of pressing forward these measures with as little delay as possible. Mr. F. RARING said he found in the 28th clause a power given to parties who had paid on the average of the last three years more than their actual income for the cur- rent year a power of recovering back the money from the commissioners. The committee divided, when there appeared—for Mr. Hume's amendment, 29 against it, 76. On clause 98 being read, which imposed a duty of 3 per cent, on all annual interests not otherwise charged, Mr. F. FRENCH moved to exclude all interests or monies pa)- able to persons bona fide residing in Ireland. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER opposed the motion, which was subsequently withdrawn. On clause 118 being read, which authorised the com- missioners to put queries in writing an d receive answers, Mr. GILL opposed it as unjust and inquisitorial. Mr. HUME recommended the hon. member not to at- tempt to amend the clause, which would scarce have been tolerated in the worst days of the inquisition of Spain. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said the clause was not compulsory upon the commissioners. On clause 188 being read, limiting the operation of the hill to three years, Mr. HUIlfE moved that 84:\ he sub- stituted for 1845. On a division there appeared- fur the motion, 52 against it, 174. Mr. R. YORKE moved that attorcies and solicitors be exempted from tbe payment of Hldr certificate duties while the tAX wa in operation. "1 be committee divided- for the motion, IS againit it. 183. The bouse then resumed, and the bill was reported. The other orders of the day were then disposed of, and the house adjourned at one o'clock. DOWLAiS, IX 1811. | There are few persons connected with railways who have not heard of the celebrated irort works of Sir John Guest, Baronet, and Co., situated within a short distance of Merthyr Tydvil, Glamorganshire. The name of these wor ks, and, indeed, of the surrounding village, which extends over nearly seventy acres, is Dow- lais the buildings constituting which are chiefly cottages, occupied by the numerous workmen engaged at this ex- traordinary establishment, at which so many of the edge- rails, with which both British and foreign roads are laid, have been manufactured. Of the forty acres occupied by the Dowlais Works, nearly seven are covered with the various buddings, forges, &c. The mineral property be- longing to these works extends over and through nearly 2000 acres. I here are eighteen blast-furnaces, capable oi making loOO tons of iron per week, which are blown by seven powerful steam-engines, two of which have twelve feet blowing cylinders and nine feet stroke. The steam-power employed in the different operations is fully equal to 2,000 horses, beside which there are 20 water- balances for raising the coal and ore to the surface; there are also JOO horses, and 7 locomotive engines, employed in carrying t.ie "-on, coal, and cinder to their different destinations. Ihe consumption of fuel, per twenty-four hours, is at present equal to 1,100 tons, including that used for domestic purposes the coal is not of a very bitumi- nous description, but very firm and compact, giving out an intense heat 011 being ignited, but the different veins vary considerably in quality and thickness: one of the veins is fourteen teet thick, and the rest vary from three to nine feet "I thickness. The principal veins of iron- stone are below the coal, alternating with rock, clay, and snule; and below these is the limestone, which is obtained in large quantities from the crop. The population of Uowlais has more than doubled itself within the last twenty years. Some idea of the energy and enterprise of the owners of this establishment may he formed, when we mention, that it is only ninety-nine years since the first bar of malleable iron was rolled at Dowlais. At present there are 4,500 men, 3,000 women and 3,000 children all de- pendant on these works for their subsistence. The wages of the colliers and miners average about 25s. per week; the finers and puddlers earn each 35s. the rollers and beaters 40s. and the carpenters and smiths 21s. per week, respectively. The present amount of finished iron, manufactured at these works, is equal to about 4oQ tons of rails, and 450 tons of bars per week. In the finishing process, the rails take double the time required to manufacture the bars, as they are re-heated, re-rolled and hammered; beside which, the ends have to be sawn off and filed, and the rails carefully straightened. In these operations great care and attention are required. The proprietors of these works have a method of refining the iron which differs materially from that pursued at other works, and for which Sir J. Guest has a patent. The improvement consists in running the iron, in a fluid state, from the furnace into the refinery, instead of allowing it to cool into pigs. In one of the mills were made, a short time since, 100 tons of rails in the course of a week. The Taff Vale Railway, constructed with one set of rails throughout, with occasional sidings, will entirely super- sede the tram-road by which the produce of these works has hitl.erto been conveyed to the canal basin, a distance of ten miles-and the railway to Merthyr, a distance of two miles; the former of which has an inclination of about I in 20'1, and the latter of 1 in 20. The mode of working the Merthyr branch is by means of cogged wheels on the locomotive engines, which work into the rack on either side of the way. The locomotives used on this rack have each an 8l inch cylinder and 20-inch stroke, the pressure being 451bs on the square inch; the area of boiler is equal to 150 superficial feet, and the number of tubes is thirty. The velocity attained on the rack, from Merthyr to Dow- lais, is equal to three miles an hour, and the ascending load to sixteen tons.— Whishaw. COALS, CINDERS, AND Cuur,-Parliamentary papers have just been published containing accounts of coals, cinders, and culm shipped coastways, and exported to fo- reign parts, with the rates and amount of duty charged thereon-, ot coats exported from the United Kingdom from the 5th of January, 1828, to the 5th of January, 1842, and of coals shipped to foreign countries in 1841, &c. It appears therefrom, that the total quantity of coals, cinders, and culm, so exported to foreign countries and the British settlements abroad, amounted altogether to 1,818,294 tons, the gross total export duties which were received there- on being < £ 12,015 5s. 6d. The total quantities of coal taken coastways and by inland navigation into the port of London, during the year 1841, amounted to 2,942,738 tons. It further appears, that the total quantity of coals exported from the United Kingdom from the 5th day of January, 1828, to the 5th day of January, 1812, was as follows:- VEAHS. TONS. YEARS. TO?S 182S. 336,8 GT I 1833.. 736,060 1829. ?71,271 183?. 9W,8ü8 1830 504,412 1837 1.113,6?3 1831 510,831 1 18;)8. 1.313,709 ]832 588,446 1839 1,449,?7 1:33. 63?448 1 1,SIO 1.0(,313 183?. G1J,2M ISH.. 1,848,294