The Welshman

COLLIERS' STRIKE-YEOMANRY CALLED OUT. vii Wednesday a large body ot comers, amounting to upwards of 600, principaityfrom Stevenston, Ki!winning, and that neighbourhood, assembled as early as two o'clock in the morning at the works at Gatehead and Kilmarnock Colliery, and succeeded in preventing the men belonging to those works from going to their labour. Tliey alter- wards assembled at Old Rome Gardens, and addresses were made to the miners of this district, urging them to insist upon the increased wages, and reduction in weight of out-put of coal, from the masters. intimation of these proceedings having been communicated to the authorities at Ayr, Sheriff Eaton went to Kilmarnock in the course of the morning, and—accompanied by Mr. Andrews, Procurator Fiscal, Mr. Blane, superintendent ot police, and Mr. Mann, county coris tt ble- proceeded to Gargeis- tOil and Gatehead to make the requisite investigations. The sheriff considered it his duty to order out part of the Aryshire Yeomanry, and accordingly three troops as- seiii bled at Kilmarnock in the evening, under the com- mand of Major James Farlie. On Thursday morning the workers at Gatehead and Gargeiston, who had been pre- vented from going down the pits the preceding day, re- [ sumed their operations undisturbed. Another meeting ot the turn-outs was to take place yesterday at Manxholm

LIQUID MANURE. I 1 have never seen a liquid manure, composed of soot and water, applied to grass land, but I have no reason to doubt its usefulness: only in the case of grass-lands I should advise a larger proportion of soot to be used than in the case of stove caltivateil plants. Salt and lime do very weil for grass land dissolved in water. The Swiss mixture of soot, rave-cake, and vitriol, is a very vague, and a very uncliemioal mix- ture; that from the Farmer's Magazine" is the com- mon mode of preparing liquid manure, with the ex- ception of the boiling water, which hardly seems an usefii l variation. The s?ii useful variation. The salt and water mixture would produce a solution of a similar strength to that of the sea. My remark as t > the requisite degree of impuri- ties in liquid manures applied only to those composed of organic matters. The salts (and soot owes a con- siderable portion of its fertilizing powers to the pre- sence of salts of ammonia) must be applied in solutions of a much inferior strength. M.P.

TEA, COFFEE, COCOA, SUGAR, AND SPICE MARKET. SATURDAY, Sept. 24. TEA.—The market continues steady, and a fair extent of business is doing at full former rates. There are sales advertised for next week. COFFEE.—The quantity brought forward for sale this week has been rather extensive, the whole of which went off heavily and most descriptions sold at rather lowe;p prices, more particularly for Ceylons and St. Domingo, which have declined about Is. to Is. 6d. per lb. SUGARS.—The Market opened steadily in the early part of the week, and former prices were supported since, however, a heaviness has prevailed, and holders, to effect sales, have submitted to a reduction of 6d. to Is. per cwt. upon the lower description of British Plantation and Bengal; but for the finer sorts of Barbadoes (which are scarce) a slight advance has been paid. SP ICES.-There has been more inquiry this week for Black Pepper, and, in some instances, rather stiffer prices have been paid. Printed and published for the Proprietors, by JOHN LEWIS BRIGSTOCKE, at the IVelshinan office, situate and being in Lammas-Street, in the Parish of Saint Peter, in the county of the Borough of Carmartheo.-Friday. Sept. 30, 1842.

I AND FE: L. Every one has heard of the great ('atrier of England, j v. hose vans .nd boats are seen. go where we will. Few are aware, however, of the bendits he has conferred upon the world, or that in the conduct of bis carrying trade Mr. Pickford became tiie study :md the prototype of tlte irreat Conservative ti.iiister. Peel is but Pickford on a grinder scale. Tise Pickford theorem was a road made and ffoods aire-idy to your hand, to curry the greatest q in tnJ shortest time. i'hvf P-"i rneorc-ui \vt:s like it:—given, the t)boman(N the work* Vl others, t,) a<> more in a s hurti r time than j ,,t In rhe application of this rule these great practical phi_ losophers a^r-ed. Th» ti-st carried die merchalldise of ushers over rc^dv-m«de ro.-ids, as in another department of th e public service, the latter carried the measures of others when the thoroughfare was sufficiently cleared :or Hm to let them pass. The Peel and Pickford policy was coincident, and o ;!y not identical, by reason of the differ- ence between material and political merchandise. Both were carriers on a large scale, and both depended, as a necessary condition of their calling, upon the skiH, enter- prise, and labour of others. Both required a road an I a market ready-made. Thryueverw.t?tedtheirenetgy in making roads or markets for other men. There was, however,;) marked difference between these great men;—a moral difference which ranked Pickford above Peel. Pickford never jwie.ided to carry anyti,i ig j of hi* own. He openlv received the goods of others, and gave a regular receipt for them, and punctually delivered them. however, contrived to receive other men's bucd". and to deliver them as his own. And tiiouih he neither evaded discovery, nor conviction, yet he success- fuily escap.d punishment, as indeed Jonathan Wild might have done, could he have appointed hisonjudges, aPeel craftily managed to do. Pickford was the God of Peel's idolatry. Upon the whole, he thought no man kept so steadily in the right -oad. Hence their career was alike and striking, as tllP hist.rr of fneh will show. Pickford first tock up with the Heavy W??on Interest. He toiled and travelled, s?"\ and sure. ?o (I d()%C(?rd to London, .jnd LoiA-,Ii u:i t,) P(.: 1' d.ty an,i ni?hr, and night and day, drawing its appointed load. N one s:> steady,—none more tro-ted itwhose days. He was welco.?ed in and cheered out of Oxt' rd by crowds of elderly sreiuieinen. eld tadies.and children, who shouted with delight at the uuii; of the load, and the s;ill of the voting ilrjvt'r. as he wound his way through the narrow streets. I: seemed like one of the settled institutions of the state, j- ieh WHS its magnitude, solidity, arid equip- ment. But, a la we are never moderate in our hopes, or fium- blfc in oor ways. Pit kiord \.its ili¡lbniou:" Peel, too, sighed for lame. Pickford had long watched a young.md j < rising rival in the Canal interest, which was very likely t.> ake with the public. had not K en less observ- ant. He marked the smooth, seductive, and yielding ch.rarteristics of his certain competitor. They were •juaHties after his own heart. Moreover, the canal had been proved to be its sllre, and only a very l'ttlc faster on the road, than his own team,- aiid, after all, what W us a canal hi it n road covered with water? Pickford, who was an enterrrisiog man, dashed into the new canal business, and Peel cantictisly followed I The b. ge now took the piace of the waggon, and the olv'. w.tllj, 41 in.pvderi 8ot Ry ('!)II;!r.. atcl loads adhering close Ju the cjoK4rpti wheels," was discarded, and Pickford and Peel launched their for- • tines upon rhe smooth and sinuous canii. Great vv is th* ilismav at Oxford when the old stage waggon was abaiid 'ned. Church and State were proclaim- ed in d-mgerwh'-n Peel aave up the Oxford road. He was called even by those who ha.i long t nip!e_ -d and praised him, "a man wholly unworthy of trust, and of thoroughly proved incdpaL Ity." He tried m vain to allay the angry town by saying lie preferred the old waggon and team; — but when hesaw (as he said plausibly enough) how heads of houses uere decaying, and how poor a thing the trade of t)je Oxford road a,'one was likely to be Wh:H curld lie ;o but follow Pickford, unless he was to give up the carrying trade altogether, which he was determined not to do,e"en for till that Oxford could offer him. So he accordingly gave up the Oxford connexion, and relied, like Pickford. noon the pubiic alone for support. Pickford aud Peel were now fairly embarked in a new line pllce more. It thev lost old friends, they consoled themselves with making new ones, and all the world said that Pee! t'p'(,dly '\s a promising fellow. They drove :1 t!¡rjvin!! [n¡d. and Peri carried many thmys for people who never either trusted or employed him before. He was thought a handy, active chap, and, by dint of nis readiness, gradually got the patronage and business of the old firm of Grey, Russell, Brougham, Althorp, and Co., who did a great deal with him. His business once again flowed smoothly oil, and was, as it were, fixed for ever. There was even an Oxford canal. Bur Pet 1 did j Bot p:y upon it very steadily. Now soon a:ter this time there iro-e a great commotion in the carrying trade. People complained that the canal even was sluggish, and tit :t during one part of the year there was no getting on at all. The elements bafll* d even Pickford and f'e,-] and there was no s-itis yiogthe Manchester and Birming- ham people, who determined on havÍ\¡¡r no hi:¡dranet.s to their tr..de with Londoll. or anywbere else, indeed. They demanded Sl!ch;¡ change,— Reform they called it. — in the dairying trade, that, compared with what Heel had en- countered before. it was a perfect revolution. Horses drew the wriirgon. and horses, too, dragged the bar-re: but ¡ »ow these t»irbul"t towns insisted upon doing everything after (:1"1: ow;, fashion, and hy abhorred [11,nIlITY. He was quite astounded at the hubbub they made — The fice ot be i>ii dim out )onng Peel o'ereivt ùvcr:L-"L: tii11- and forced, in fact, into exis- tence, tiie great .V; on pow^r ..rose, to the utter discoui* tiftire )f t! ti ri and Waggon Interts-* for ever Peel, alarmed, dei.berated and was lost. Pickford's en i(\ rose with emergency. He had no notion of giving up the carrying trade. He openly traded upon trading rianT he determined i.ot to st?nd stiiL He dreaded a practical proof of the iof the Scottish metaphysician, that men, through inaction, might become oysters, and he had no taste for such a quiet Ii! S') 11e 1I1:.H!e lm .,t cnce te t11e young Giant, and his vans forthwith Hew through the land! But Peel, too, was a long-headed fellow notwith- standing. He collected the scattered host lIf the routed waggoners and bargemen, and he gathered all the dis- contented around him, to determine how ke couid re- cover his trade, and, "tjy wTiat best way, "tl!r of cpeli war, <jt covcit guile, t'rh. uow Peel had, however, from the fir". made up his mind. He always intended to rake to steam as soon as he could. He only waited whilst Pickford was testing the strength -i iid success of the rail. When his friends talked or set- ting up the w,.gg >n a^ain he held his tongue; but when- ever an acci tent happened on the rail, he took care very loudly to cond' i-in it, and so his friends expected, simply to see himsontc day re-establish his old team again 1 Little did they kn w what was passing in his i mind! Peel h ,d all along decided upon a bold, com. pifcl.ciisive, and direct" course, as Lis friends afterwards bjasved, bur he kept it quietly within his own breast. He i ?- he '?ept it q,,i i,: t I kid determined, as he had succeeded so Aril heretofore ■when he gave up the wain, to send on the first good op- portUllity, the L.,rgc adn!¡kç t') the r;\il,-anc! even to carry the Queen i So. with his characters!ic prudence and caution, he consulted none his friends,Jbut went s-raigiit to Brunei, the greac engineer of the rail- way nearest Windsor, where the Queen was. All he required was. that the Queen should be cirriea Kafeiy. bid not too (fucklv. Brorml thought Peel's con- i.exirti worth having, a..d agieed to took after tiie husnie-is himself. Peel kr,ew if he carried the Queen such was the confidence of the people in her, that all the carrying trade would quickly be his own ag-iiii — and he was right. Having, therefore, seen that the road was already well made; and having cal- culated the chances nf accident very carefully and hav- liig convinced himself of tile necessity of adopting the railroad system, if he meant ever to overtake those who Lad adopted it; and, above all, having found that the public had decided the question he decided for himself; -cu his old 'V'euds and patrons once more, and making ar,inroad carnage exactlv like a canal boat, and bribing hi" toe n to say nothing about it, succeeded in getting the Queen's patronage, and became again the prime carrier of tiie country. The fame of the disciple eclipsed that of the master, and he became known universally as PLCKFOT.N THE GKKAT — elide H.7 maju" generator ipso."

YO r.: :\G \10 3:'1. from the Pejmr* on the Sunitn-ry Om.1 tion nf the i'upulutiOH of Great i W henever the adult population of a phvsieally de- i pressed district. such as :\Jauchesier, is brought out ori any public occasion, The preponderance of youth in he t'r.?vd.and the siiiall z(cl, )r eveii of the 0);d?ije age, tlie,n is ?lit to ttics-- wl-,o have seen assemblages of the working population cf other have seen assemhta?es of the wo-kmgpopLdanon nf other In the course of some inquiries indr-r the Contabulary t^ orce Commission as to tne pioportioris of a paid force that wouid apparently be requisite for the protection of, tne peace in the manufacturing districts, reference was made to the meet^ings neld hy torchli^h! in the neighbour- hood of Manchester. It was reported to us, on close observation by peace-officers, that the bulk of the as- semblages consisted of mere boys. and that there were scarceij any men or mature age to be seen amongst them. i hose of mature age and experience, it was stated, t:enrrally disapproved of the proceedings of the meetings as iniurious to the working classes themselves. These oider men, we were assured by their employers, were intelligent, and perceived that capital, and large capita). was nol the means of their depression, but of their steady j and aoundant support. They were gPllcrally described us o-ing above the influence of the anarchical fallacies I wil.ch appeared to sway those wild and reallv d;¡lIerlll ;semo,ases. The inquiry which arose upon such state- i ineuis was: now it happened that the men of mature age, ( reeung tneir own best interests injured bv the proceed'nws or me younger portion of the working classes, how th-y, the elders, did not exercise a restraining influence upon 1 their less experienced fellow-workmen t On inquiring of the owner of some extensive manufacturing propt-rtv, on wnicli between 1,0011 and 2,0 0 persons were mamtaii ed at wages \i_dumg 40- per week per fumily, whether he could rely on tl* aid ot the men of mature ao-e for the protection of the capital which furnished them the means i>r subsistence, lie staled necould relvon them confidentiy it on ascer. timng ti.e iiiim.ers qualified lor strvice as special constables, the gloomy fact became apparent, that the proportion of men of strength and of IlIattlre age for such service were but a- a small group agamst aarge crowd, and that for any social influence they were eq ally we;.k. The dis.-o.peat. nee by premature deaths of the i"ds of families and he oLier workmen at sucii nges as 1 'ic'-e recorded in t he returns of dependent widowhood and orphanage, must to some extent ptacticlly involve the necessity of supplying the lapse of staid influence mi dst a yourg population by one description or other of 1 I)rt,cautif),.ary force. On expostuiating on other occasions with middle-aged tnd experienced workmen on the folly as well as the injustice of their trade union*, by which the public peace W .s compromised by the violence of strike after strike, without regard to the experiences of the sufferings from the continued failures of their exertions for ebjects the Miainmeut ot which would have beei, most injurieus to themselves, the '.oikmcn ..f r invariably di.sclai tned connexion with the proceedings, and showed th -1 they abstained from attendance at the meetings. The common expression was, they would not attend to be Liori.e down by"mere boys." who were furious, and kiu-w not wh at they were about. The pre- ponderance' of a young and violent majority was general. In the metropolis the experience is similar. The mobs against which the police have to guard come from the most depressed districts; and the constant report of the superintendents is, that scarcely any old men are to be seen theiii. In general, they appear to consist of persons between sixteen and twenty-five years of age. The mobs from such districts as Bet in d-green are pro- portionately conspicuous for a deficiency of bodily strength, without, however, being from that cause pro- portionately the less dangerously mi >chie\ous. I was informed by peace-officers that the great havoc at Bris- tol was committed by mere boys. The experience of the Metropolitan Police is also similar as to the comparatively small proportion of force available for pubiic service from such depressed districts. It is corroborative also of the evidence as to the physi- cal deterioration of their population, as well as the dis- proportion in respect to age. Two out of every three of the candidates for admission to the police. force itself, are found defective in the physical qualifications. It is rare that any one of the canditates from Spitalfields, White- chapel, or the districts where the mean duration of life is low, is found to possess the requisite physical qualifica- tions tor the force, which is chiefly recruited from the open districts at the outskirts of the town, or from Norfolk and Suffolk, and other agricultural counties. In general the juvenile delinquents, WHO come from the inferior districts of the towns, are conspicuously under si/.e. In a recent examination of juvenile delinquents at Parkhurst by Mr. Kay Shuttleworth, the great majority were foiin 1 to he deficient in physical organization. An impression is often prevalent tilat the criminal population consists of persons of the greatest physical strength. Instances of criminals of great strength certainly do occur; but spea king from observations of the adult prisoners from the towns and the convicts in the hulks, they are in general below the average standard of height. The facts indicated will suffice to show the importance of the moral and political considerations, viz., that the noxious physical agencies depress the health and con- dition of the population, and act as obstacles to education and to moral culture; that in abridging the duration of the adult be of the working classes they check the growth of productive skill, and abridge the amount of social experience and steady moral habits in the com- munity; that they substitute, tor a population that accumulates and preserves instruction and is steadily progressive, a population that is young, inexpetienced, ignorant, credulous, irritable, passionate, and dangerous, having a perpetual tendency to moral as well as physical deterioration. THE SIEGE OF BOLTON.—I have been at the seige of Bolton; for not ing but some such cause suggests itself as adequate to the phenomena. And is it not a siege ? not carried on, perhaps, by an enemy within gun shot, but by one working on a wider radius, and making his blockade by sea, upon the means of life..Many sights it has been my chance to see: and I think I know what is the minimum of help, with which horse, ass, dog. hog, or monkey, can sustain existence, and where it must go out and means of living. But iry- t'ling like the squalid misery, the slow, mouldy, putrefy- ing death, by which the Weak and the feeble of the work- ing classes are perishing litre, it never belt 1 my eyes to behold, nor my imagination to conceive. Did you ever set your eyes on ,1 penny-worth of mutton ? Come here, and yni shall see how rations are served out under the landlord's state of siege. It might bait a rat-trap; thou.h a well-fid rat would hardly risk his personaliti s for such a pittance. Penny-worths of (Hutton, ami half-penny- worths of bread cut off the loaf are what the shopkeepers of Bo:toll deal "ut to the inhabitants of their Jerusalem. I saw a woman come for one half penny-worth of bread; wlllch was to be the dinner for hers* if. and children twain; an when I reflected that of this transparent slice, the other half was gone to buy the landlord's claret, astonish- Hu nt possessed me at the endurance of that bearing ass, the pubi'c, and the extent to which ignorance and divi- sions witi pi-op the rii h man's robbery, i saw another mother of a family, who said he had not tasted meat for many mooths and, on one of the children being sent o'f to the butcher's for some oi that strange luxury, she was discovered making efforts to intercept the messenger. Her anxiety was, to instruct the boy to bring back noth- ing- but one penny-worth of helcon; there was a to-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow, for which she had con- ceived the idea of spinning out existence by means ot the remainder ot the fund. If you are curious in human misery, if you are anxious to know what a shabby tyranny can bring the rank and file to suffer, c me at your leisure to the leaguer" of Bolton, and see what the people sleep on, if the people do sleep. Chopped dirt, the sweepings of the hen-house, mingled with a proportion of sparrows nests, to show that men had heard of straw, would be the best representative of what they huddle upon in corners, and call it resti iig.- Colonel Thompson's 1'err:Sl,'¡."

PEWS IN CUIURCI-IES. I Attempts have been made for some time to do way with p-w-s ("r piles) in our churches and to substitute open oenches, several of the Archdeacons have recom- mended the plan, and it has obtained the sanction of the Bishops generally. The Citnideil Society, at Cambridge, has lately published the following reasons in tavour of it: — 1. Because in the good old times, when churches were first built, and for many years after, there were no pues at all. 2. Because they were invented at first by people who thought themselves too good to pray by the side of their neighbours, and who were, in those days, too proud to join in the service of God with such as were poorer than themselves. 3. Because they were a part of the wicked system of those men who murdered their anointed Sovereign, King C arles the Martyr, and overthrew, for a tune, the Church, and brought all kind of miseries on this killgdolll. 4. Because, when theifashion of pues first came in, it was strictly forbidden gw maLY Bisk others who had authority in our church; and if oic Bishops and Archdeacons do not now so often speak .'gainst toem, it is only because they fear to sfJeaL af dngt them till people should have got rid of their rejndices—not that they dislike the system less. o. Because pues shut out the poor, vho ought, If there he any diffet ence, to be first cared for in the church, not b"c. If there come into your assembly," SiJyS tJt James, "a man with a gold ring, in goodly apparel, and there come in also a poor man with vile raiment, and ye have respect unto him that weareth the gay clotliiiil,, and say unto him, 'Sit thou here in a good place,' and say titit,, tli,, puor, 'Stand thou there, or sit here under my fL) (, tstuol,' are not ye then partial in yourselves, and are become judges of evil thoughts 6. Because the system of pues is a seifish and unchris- tian system. Those who have them are thus tempted to make themselves comfortable and warm, and so not to ca e at all what becomes of their neighbours or feliow- worsliippers. 7. Because, in square pews, where people it facing each other, it is very difficult, if not to allezid properly to the Church Service. 5. Because on the average, they cause a loss as to room of thirty out every hundred that is, a church which will hold oniy three hundred with pues, will il,)Id iieirly four hundred with open benches. U. Because, from the room they take up, the poor, who have no pues, have often been tempted to leave off going to church, and to go to Meeting instead; thus becoming guilty of the fearful sin of schism. JO. Because they occasion more quarrels in a ptu-ish than any thing else; the bitterness which often arises about pues, and that in the very house of peace, is shocking to think of. 11. Because they enable ill-disposed persons to act the dog in the manger, who neither come to church to sit in their own pues, nor suffer any one else to sit there. The aisles of a church are often crammed with people who cannot find a place to sit or kneel, while many of the pues are empty. J2. Because pues, unless they have a faculty (which very few have;, are illegal. 13. Because they spoil the look ot churches more than any thing else does and thus, the house of (juu, which ought to bot the fairest and richest of all buildings, is dis- figured, to suit tlie pride and luxury of man. j 14. Because they endanger the safety of churches by concealing unsoundness in the pillars ot the walls. 1-5. Because people who think themselves comfortable by having a pile are mistaken. Pues are much hotter in summer, and not necessarily warmer in winter than open seats. lo. Because many wicked practices have been, and, sometimes (it is to We feared;, are still carried on in pIles. Those who sit in them can amuse themselves, or go to sleep, as they will, without a fear that any human eye should see them. 17. Because pues often do wrong to the dead, by cover- I. n-, over the pavestones and slabs, wluen are their only memorials. 18. Because they are unwholesome from harbouring damp. dust, mildew, and all kinds oi filth. HI. Because they encourage people to come late to church, s ince they know that they will have their pues kept for them, however late they may come in. :W, Because sometimes they are let for money, which is no better than a kind of simony. 21. Because they tend to make us forget that, in the house of prayer, we are ail one body, and thereby offend against our LJelief in the Communion of Saints. 22. Because the ltubiicksof our church, are, in their spirit, most strongly opposed to the system. 23. Because they prevent the congregation from seeing, or being seen from, the altar, towards which every worshipper ought to be wmcd.

THE METROPOLITAN PARLIAMENTARY HEFOIDl ASSOCI AT ION. A Lecture on Parliamentary Reform was delivered last Wednesday, by Jonathan Duncan, Esq., B.A., at the Temperance Hall, York-street, Westminster. The meeting was called by the Committee of the above Association. Mr. Wilson, a member of the Charter Association, was called to the Chair. The Lecturer wished those who heard him that night, should go away with facts impressed on their memory, that iii. Crown was powerless, and the people anything but tree, The privilege, f sining pubiic documents was all that remained to tiie Queen—she was not even per- mitted to go to Glasgow during her late excursion to Scotland—she was allowed to visit Edinburgh and the palaces of some of the nobles, but not the wretched cot- tages of the Glasgow weavers. He need not tell the people th; y had lost their rights—the House of Commons had proveu by their own Committee, that its members had been guilty of acts which would have driven them from any other society. Mr. Duncan then went oil to shew the necessity ot ItEtnriii and took a rapid but truthful survey of the condition of the trades and working people, and declared the necessity of such a change as that proposed by the Association (to which he had the honour to belong) as the only means of saving this count! y from the ruin which )j,,d fallen on other nations who luve gone before us. llf dwelt at great length Oil the objects of the Association, and read a number of quotations trom ancient Acts and charters, by which he clearly proved that the rights contended for had been enjoyed by our forefathers. Nothing was wanting to secure success but a good underiUnding between all L'as'esof Rel'ormori—a ur.ial co-oporatioii. Thi<!h.) asmes of P, 0 ??, c i i? e 1:.? i., 1 i;, I (' ? ? I 'Tl,l, 111, 1 hoped that they should meet from ihe lwhJie that sympa- thy and support to which, by their exertions, they were justly entitled. The ùdivery of the lecture occupied about two hours, and on its conclusion the meeting expressed their appro- bation of it hy long and repeated applause. The Cuairm.ia expressed his gratification, and called on any person who miQht differ in opinion from Mr. Duncan to come forward, but none answering, he conclu- ded all present agreed with him. Mr. Dawi ng sai,it he had listened with delight to the lecture ot Mr. Duncan, and had nothing whatever to say against what had been advanced but lie would remark, that although lie considered Nl r. Duncan honest, he had great suspicions of these middle-class Reformers. He moved a resolution, by way of opposition to the existence of the Metropolitan Parliamentary Reform Association. Dr. Black complained of Mr. Dowling's conduct in interrm't!'? this and other meetings. He m.t'ntain?d that the principles of the Charter did not justify such conduct, that they were identical with those of Radi- calism at its rise in 1780, and were incompatible with tyranny in any form; that intolerance and quarrelling w ere not Chartism, any more than bigotry was religion that those who went about creating discord in the suffrage ranks, were not the true friends but the true enemies ot the Charter; that by ttitis retarding the movement for the six points, they did precisely what the oligarchy desired to be done. He therefore moved as an amendment— Resolved, that it is the opinion of this meeting that wittiolit a titiit-ii of the working and middle classes, the 'IT)( ] iniddle e l -46ses, the six points of the Charter can never be obtained, and that the greatest enemies of the Charter are those who foment disunion amongst Reformers." Mr. Charles Westerton seconded the amendment. Mr. Dowlmg withdrew his resolution in favour of Dr. Black's amendment, which was then put as the original resolution, and carried unanimously with preat accla- mation, Mr. Dowling himself voting for, and declaring he could not oppose it. The meeting then separated tifter vr)tes of thanks to the Chairman and Mr. Duncan tor their services on the occasion.

AMERICAN TARIFF. I The following list comprises all the important articles to he admitted duty free: — I 1. All articles imported for the use of the United I States. 2. All goods, the product of the United States exported and brought back, and blinks, and personal and household I effects of citizens of the United States dying abroad. 3. Paintings and statuary, the production of American artists residing abroad. 4. Wearing apparel in acteal use, and other personal effects and tools of trade, of persons arriving in the United States. 5. Philosophical, apparatus, instruments, books, maps, and charts, statues, statuary, busts and casts, paintings, drawmgs. engravings, etchings, &e. 6. Anatomical preparations, models of machinery, and of other inventions and improvements, &c. I 7. Adhesive felt for sheathing vessels, aloes, antimony, crude argol, asafcetidj. ava root, barrilla, hark of cork t"ees unmanufactured, bells of bill metal, and chimes of I bells; brass in piss or bars, and old brass, &c. The duties are imposed by the first nine sections of the law. Section 10 enacts that on all enumerated articles shall be imposed a duty of 20 prrcent. ad valorem. Section 11. An additional 10 per cent, shall be levied on al: goods which shall be imported in vessels not of the United States—when no specinc (iiscriinina,ion is made by the Bill; and 10 per cent. additional on all goods except those brought from beyond the Cape of Good Hope in foreign vessels-providcú no treaty stipulations be infringed thereby. Section 12. All duties shall be paid in cash—or the goods will be sold after 60 days' detention. Section 13 prescribes the method of selling, and means for t he owner to recover the overplus. Section 14 allows a drawback on toreign sugar refined in and exported from the United States, equal in amount to the duty paid on the foreign sugar of per cents per gallon on spirits distilled from molasses till 1843, when it shall be oiilv 4, and annually recluced I cent. Section lo enacts that no drawback shall he allowed on goods entitled to debenture, unless exported within three years after their import. Section lti provides the mode of valuation of all goods paying wi ralcrc.iu duties, enacting that all costs, charges, and commissions, except insurance shall be added to the market value. Section 17 empowers conectors and appra?Crs to take testimoi?y necessary tor vacation. Section IS provides for cases of disagreement on appraisal. Section 19 enacts penalties for attempts to evade the payment of duties. Section 20 imposes on non-enumerated articles the same duties as those enumerated which they most re- semble shall pay. Section 21 directs the method of appraisal. Sestic n 22 provides for ports where there are no ap- praisers. Section 23 directs the Secretary of the Treasury to make necessary rilles lor taitlru! appraisals. Section 24 directs collectors to follow the Secretary's instructions. Section 2o provides tlitit tlit, Act shill not apply to vessels tint Shd11 have left their last port east 01 the Capes Good Hope and Henlopen, Sept 1, 1842. S.ction 26 provides that the penalties of the lawof J1111é 30, 1M2. shall he continued. Section 27 (Land Distribution) omitted. Section 28, 29, and 30 (struck out in Senate.) Section 31 requires the Secretary annually to ascertain and report what articles have paid a duty of more than 30 per cent, ad wwrem. Section 32 prohibits the importation of idecent prints and hooks. Section *3 establishes a ton at 20 hundred weight, and 112 pounds each. A new section is added to the Senate, enacting that while the distribution of the public lands is suspended the 10 per <:ent. allowed in the Western States shall also be suspended.

r CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.—(LONDON.) BIGAMY. — Frrdcrxh Ifildcr, ALIAS Frederick Iltlder Ho'ditch, was iudicted for unlawfully and feloniously marrying- Eliza Seal, his wife, Maria Hilder, being then alive.-Tlie prisoner pleaded Guilty.—Eliza Seal, the second wife, stated, that her age is 28, and that when the prisoner married her she had a little money, w'th which she set up a fruiterer's shop. The prisoner lived with her about a month, and was vtry kind to her.—The prisoner said he threw himself on the mercy of the Court. Miss Seal knew he was a married tnaa two months before she married him.—Miss S'eal denied the truth of this state- ment.—Tlie Common Serjeant: What have you to say for yourself ?—Prisoner: I have been out of work ever since Christmas last. (Laughter.) —Miss Senl stated, that in '%Iiss Se?, l stated, th;it in order to set up a shop she hud borrowed £10, aud the pri ..ouer after their marriage borrowed £ lO more, which he expended in stocking the shop—The Common Serjeant said that these cases varied very much. They were al "ay rdolls cases in the eye of the law but if a young woman was seduced in this manner, and had money which her husband spent, or if she had children, who would be a burden to her, they were rendered much more serious. In the present ease, the second wife appeared to have been well trended, and the injury done to the first wife was comparatively very slight, and therefore he did not think it a case for transportation. The prosecution was not instituted by either of the wives, but hy the brother of Eliza Seal. The sentence was, that he he imprisoned and kept to hard labour in the House of Correction for twelve | calendar months. CHARGE OF EXTOa.TION.-Rúbf'rt, alias Thomas Addy, was indicted for feloniously assaulting Mr. Henry Bellamy i Webb, with intent to rob him. A second count in the indictment charged the prisoner with attempting to extort money hy means of threats and menaces.—Mr. Henry Bellamy Webc stated that he re?ided in Great Queen street, Lincoln's inn fields, and .vas in the house of Messrs. Baring, Brothers. On the evening of the 20th August he had been out, and was returning home, when the prisoner accosted him of-ar St. Martin's place. He tonk no notice ot him at first, but the pi-isoper coaticited to follow hi in, and he then turned round and said, "What the dcyilllo you follow me for ?" 'I'he prisoner thereupon tcrued back but upon witness s arriving under the colon- nade in Coveut garden, the prisoner agaia came behind him and said, If you don t, I will give you into custody upon a charge of an unnatural infamous offence?" He exclaimed, kl'llat but did not notice any one near at the time. Prisoner replied, Well, I will tnd on his arriving at the corner of James street, gave him (witness) into custody, on a charge of making an indeceut assault upon him. The 20th of August was Saturday, and witness was locked up from Saturday night until Monday mornine, in the same cell with Stringer and Newstead, who were convicted at the last sessions of this Court on a similar indictment. When witness appeared at Bow-street police court on Monday monriog, to answer the charge, the prisoner did not appear. — Mr. P>1yoe he pr f!?. ,er s connsel, took several objections to the indictment, which were overruled by the learned judge. He then proceeded to contend that the evidence was insufficient to show that the prisoner hail attempted by threats to procure the goods or money of the prosecutor. The words If you don't," might allude to a variety of circumstances, and it was too vague an expression upon which to c:tll on them (the jury) to say that it meant if you don't give me money."—Mr. Justice Wightuian, in summing up, said that there was no doubt whatever of the commission of an assault on the prosecutor by the prisoner but he agreed with the learned couasel in thinking that the words, If you don't," were too vague to warrant t ie ju. y iti coacluditig that the assault was cOUJmitted with the intention of robbing him. He recommended, therefore, that they should acquit him on the charge ot felony, and convict him of a common assault. --Tl,.e jury immediately returned a verdict of Guilty of an assauit. —Air. Justice Wightman told the prisoner that he bad had a very narrow escape, and sentenced him to twelve months' imprisonment in the House of Correction. PERJURY.— Ro/^rt Shearing, aged 42, was inuicted for penury. Mr. Jones stated the case ;-The prisoner was employed as clerk by Mr. Eyre, a solicitor, who was instructed to commence proceedings against a Mr. Collins for a debt of t24. The writ was returned, aud the service on the defendant personally sworn to hy Shearing. No appearance having been entered by defendant (Collins), judgment was obtained by default, and execution issued tioui the Court of Exchequer (Shearing having sworn that he had served the copy writ of inquiry on Mrs. Collins), under which the goods of defendant were seized, aud his house stripped of everything. Collins applied to the court i.,r iiifor natiou respecting the issue of the execution, alleging that he bad never been served with a writ i,J tLe case, nor was iu the slightest dt grreaware that proceedings had been taken against him until the execution liiid been actually levied. Mr. Baron Kolfe directed the matter to be examined into, and the prisoner Shearing then came forward, aud n.ade an aihdavit, which was backed by another made by hIes, who swore to the same facts; hut on the very day a person named Goodman wrote to Col- lins, informing him that he had hern applied toby Shearina to swear an affidavit in support of his statement, thai, he (Goodman) had driven Shearing with his cart and horse to Bushy, and had served Collins, &c., and ti.at Shearing had offered him 5s. to swear the affidavit.—Ti e Recorder h um- med t ip, and the jury, without a moment's hesitation, returned a verdict lit Guilty. — He was tiruisported for 9eveu years.

AN ACT FOR THE RELIEF OF INSOLVENT DEBTORS PASSED 12TH AUGUST, 1842. Whereas it is expedient to protect from all process against the person such persons as have become indebted without any fraud or gross or culpable neEliirence, so as nevertheless their estates may be duly distributed amonsr their creditors: lie it enacted by the Queen's most excel- lent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords spiritual and temporal, and Commons, in this pre- sent Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the I same. That if any person, not being a trader within the meaning of the statutes now in force relating to the Bank- rupts, or if any person being such trader, but owing debts amounting in the whole to less than three hundred pounds shall give notice, according to the schedule to this act annexed, to one fourth in number and value of his creditors and shall cause the same notice to be inserted twice in the ?<? ?M?/< and twice in some newspaper circulating withm the county wherein he resides, he may present a petition for protection from process to the Court of Bank- ruptcy, if he has resided twelve calendar months in London or within the L,,ndon district, or to the Commissioner of Bankrupt in the country within whose district he may have resided twelve calendar months, which petition shall have annexed to it a full and true schedule of his debts with the names of his creditors, and the dates of contract- ing the debts, severally, the nature of the debt, and the security (if any) given for the same, and also of the nature and amount of his property, and of the debts owing to him, with their dates, and the names of his debtors, and the nature of the securities (if any) which he may have for debts, and which petition shall also set forth anv proposal which he may have to make for the pay- ment, in whole or in part, of his debts and it shall thereupon be lawful for the Judge or Commissioner of the Court of Bankruptcy to whom, by any order of the Court, as hereinafter provided, the same shall be referred, or for the Commissioner in the country to whom the petition shall be presented to give upon the filing of such petition, a protection to the petitioner from all process w hatever, either against his person or his property of every description, which protection shall con- tinue in force, and all process be stayed, until the appear- ance of the petitioner in Court, as hereinafter provided and upon the presentation of any such petition all the estate and effects of the petitioner shall forthwith become vested in the official assignee who shall be nominated by the Commissioners acting in the matter of the said petition; and such official assignee shall and may forthwith take possession of so much thereof as can be reasonably ob tained and possessed without Suit; and the said official assignee shall hold and stand possessed of the same in like manner as official assignees hold and. possess estates and effects under and by virtue of the statute relating to Ban krupts, II. Provided always, and be it enacted, That nothing herein contained shall be held or construed to hinder or prevent the said insolvent frem being arrested or held to bail under the authority of any judge's order for that pur- pose, in like manner as may now by law be done notwith- standing any protection which may be granted under the authority of this Act. III. And be it further enacted, That the Court of Bank- rupt shall appoint a certain rotation in which the Com- missioners thereof shall hear the matter of such petitions, and shall make from time to time orders touching such rotation, and touching the reference of such petitions, and also touching the Commissioner to whom the matter of any petition shall be transferred in case of death, resigna- tion, or removal, and also such orders as they may think right touching the notice of meetings and examinations to be given to creditors, and the publication of such notice provided that such orders shall be approved of by the Lord Chancellor, Lord Keeper, or Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal for the time being. IV. And be it enacted, That the Commissioner so authorized, or the Commissioner in the country, (as the case may be,) shall, on the day notified by such notice as aforesaid, proceed to examine upon oath the petitioner, and any creditor who may attend such examination, and any witness whom the petitioner or any creditor may call; and the said Commissioner may adjourn the examination from time to time, alld summon to be examllled before him any debtor of such petitioner, or any creditor of such petitioner, or any other person whose eidence m.ay.appear necessary for the purposes of the inquiry; and if It shall appear to the said Commissiouerthat the allegations in the petition and the matters in the schedules are true, and that the debts of the petitioner were not contracted by anv manDer of fraud or breach of trust, or any prosecution aiost the petitioner whereby he had been convicted of any offence, or without having at the time of becoming indebted reasonable assurance of being able to pay the debts, and that such debts were not contracted by reason of aoy judgment ill any proceedio for breach of the revenue laws, or in any action for breach of promise ot marriage, seduction, criminal conversation, libel, slander, assault, battery, malicious arrest, malicious suing out a fiat of Bankruptcy, or malic-ions trespass, and that the petitioner has made a full discovery of his estates, effects, debts, and credits, and has not parted with any of his pro- perty since the presenting of his petition, it shall then be lawful for the said Commissioner to cause notice to he given that on a certain day, to be named therein, he will proceed to malts a > order, unless causu be shown to the contrary; which order shall be called a final order, ai d shall be for the protection of the person of the petitioner from all process, and fur the vesting of his estate and effects in an official assignee, to be named by stich Com- missioner, together with an assignee to be chosen by the majority in number alld value uf the creditors who may attend before the Commissioner on such day, or for the carrying iuto effect such proposal as the petitioner shall have set forth in his petition, provided that the consider- ation of such final order may be adjourned from time to time by the Commissioner without any fresh notice Pro- vided al ways, that it shall be lawful for the said Commis- siober, If he shaH think fit, to direct in such final older some allowance to be made for the support of the petitioner oct "f his estate a'ad effects. V. And be it enacted, That at the first examination of the petitioner it shall be lawful for the Commissioner to renew the order for protection, and to renew it from time to time until the final order for protection and distribution. VI. And be it enacted, 111 it shall be lawful for the Commissioner, by warrant under his hand aud seal, to commit to prison any petitioner who shall appear to him to have prevaricated or made any false statement before him, for such time as he shall think fit, not exceed. ing one calendar month; and touching all persons other than the petitioner who shall he examined before him, or being lawfully summoned shall refuse or neglect to attend him, the said Commissioner shall have the same powers in respect of commitment as he has by any law now in force relating to Bankrupts. VII. Aud he it enacted, Thatfrorn and after the passing of the final order of the whole estate, present and future, as weil real as personal, and as well in the colonies, dominions, and plantations belonging to her Majesty, as in the United Kingdom of Great /iriluin and Ireland, all the effects and all the credits of the petitioner, shall become absolutely vested in the official assignee and assignee chosen by the creditors, without any deell or conl/eyance, which assignees shall hold the same as fully as if the pe- titioner had heen made a Bankrupt and they bad been assignees under his fiat, and shall sue and be sued as if they had been assignees under such fiat; and as often as any such assignees shall die or be lawfully removed, and a new assignee duly appointed, all estate, real and per. sonal, and such effects and credits, as were or remained vested in such deceased or removed assignee, shall vest in the new assignee, either alone o Jointly with the existing assignees, as the case may require, without any deed or conveyance for that purpose. VIII. Provided always, an d be it enacted, That where according to any laws DO* in force any conveyance or assignment of any real or personal property of a petitioner would require to be registered, enrolled, or recorded in any registry office in England, JJ ales, or heland, or in any registry office, court, or other place in Scotland, or any of the dominions, plantations, or colQnies belonging to her Majesty, then in every such case such certificate of the appointment of an assignee or assignees as is described in an Act passed in the first and second year of the reign of his late Majesty King William the Fourth, intituled, An Act t) ct.'ab'iJt a Cjurl in Ba>ruptcy, shall be registered in the registry office, court, or place wherein such convey- ance or assignment as last aforesaid would require to be registered, enrolled, or recorded flnl the registry hereby directed shall have the like etfect, to all intents and pur- poses, as the registry, enrolment, or recording of such conveyance and assignment as last aforesaid would have ha I; and the title of any purchaser of any such property as last aforesaid for valuable consideration, who shall have duly registered, or enrolled his purchase deed previous to the registry hereby directed, shall not be invalidated hy reason of such appointmeut of ao assignee or assignees as aforesaid, or the vesting of such property in him or them consequent thereupon, unless the certificate of such ap. pointment hall be registered as aforesaid within the times following; (that is to say,) as regard s the United King- dom of Gre tt Britain ani Ireland, within two months from the date of such appointment, and as regards all other places, within tvvel»e months f. om tbe date thrrt of. ) X. And be it enacted, That the said assignees shall be entitled to claim and demand from the said petitioner, at any time after the said final order, any estate and effects ncquired hy him at any time after such order shall have been made; and all such estate and effects, of what kind sovever, and wheresoever situate, shall be absolutely vested in such assignees upon their filing a copy of their claim, served upon the petitioner personally, or by leaving it at the place of resitieoce mentioned iu the notice of petition, and they shaH hold the same in like manner as they held the estate and effects of the petitioner transferred by force of the final order, as hereiu-before provided pro- vided always, that no assignee of any Insolvent shall be authorized hy virtue of this Act to take possession of any estate or effects which the Insolvent shall have acquired or become possessed of after the making of the final order herein mentioned, except under the authority of an order of the said Commissioner, or of the Court of Review in bankruptcy, made for that purpose, and then ouly to the extent and at the time and in manner directed by such order, and after giving such notices, and doing such acts, matters, and things, as by the rules, orders, and regula- tions made under the authority of this Act shall be required I and directed in that behalf. X. Provided always, and it is hereby further enacted, That if any suit or action is brough t aghlllst any petitioner for or in respect of any debt contracted before the date of filing his petition, it shall he a sufficient plea in bar of the snid suit or action that such petition was duly presented, and a final order for protection and distribution made by a Commissioner duly authorized, whereof the production of the order signed by the Commissioner, with proof of his handwriting, shall be sufficient evidence. XI. And be it enacted. That the like evidence of the ap- pointed of assignees shall be received as sulficient to prove such appointments in all courts aod places whatsoever as is received by the laws in force relating to Bankrupts to prove such a; pointn-ent. XII. And be it enacted, That it shall he lawful for any creditor, or official as<iirnee or other assignee, at any time after the final order shall have been made, to give one month's notice to the petitioner, eiler by personal service or, if he cannot be found, by Serl/1Ce at the place of his residence mentioned in his notice of petition, that such creditor intends to apply by motion to the said commis- sioner, 01', io case of his ùearh, resignation, or removal, to the commissioner appointed tfl sucr- oil bim, that, the final order he rescinded as far a relates l > the protectllJII of the petitioner's person from proctes, and as far as relates to the effect of such orda in bar of suits and actions and the said commit.Mt'r shall, upon hearing the matter of ?im:h tR?ion, ?nd a?Y cvidecce in support of it, and v. ha the petitioner hr\i to allege ftgftinst it, and upon examining the petitioner, if he shall desire to be examined, or if the commissioner shall thiuk fit, procecd to make such re- scinding order as is hereinbefore-mentioned, if he sees reason to believe that the petitioner had not before the making of the order sought to be rescinded made a full disclosure of his estate, effects, and debts, or had since the making of such order not given notice to the assignees of any property after acquired by him provided that on any such motion by a creditor the official and other assignee shall be duly served with a month's notice to attend the said commissioner; and, provided further, that notice of the bearing of such motion shall be given twice in the London Gazette and twice in the same paper in which notice of the petition had been given, or in some other paper circulating in the same county; and provided always that the said commissioner, in case he shall refuse to make the rescinding order, shall, if he think fit, order the petitioner's costs of the motion to be paid by the creditor making the motion, or by the assignee chosen by the creditors, in case he shall make the motion, but not out of the petitioner's estate and effects. XIII. And he it enacted, That it shall be lawful for the Judges and Commissioners of the Court of Bankruptcy, or any four of them, to make such orders, rules, and regu- lations as they shall think fit for the better carrying this Act into Execution, and particularly for regulating and appointing the duties of the official assignees and of the other assignees, the auditing of their accounts, the collect- ing the debts, and the realizing the estate and effects of the petitioner, and the liotilication of the time of hearing petitions or motions in the Gazette or otherwise which orders, rules, and regulations shall, upon being approved ( by the Lord Chancellor, Lord Keeper, or Lords Commis- sioners of the Great Seal, be laid before both Houses of Parliament within fourteen days from such approval, if Parliament be then sitting, or if not, within fourteen days from the commencement of the next sesAoof Parliament, and shall in the meantime, and from the date of such ap- proval be binding upon the commissioners in the country, and upon all other persons whatever, untouch time as either House of Parliament shall make some resolution in whole or in part disapproving the same. XIV. And be it enacted, That this Act shall not debe into operation before the first day of November next ensu- iug, except as regards the power of the commissioners to make orders, rules, and regulations, with consent of the Lord Chancellor, Lord Keeper, or Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal. XV. Provided always and be it enacted, That this Act may be altered or repealed by any Act to be passed during the present Session of Parliament.

SCHEDULE. I, A. B., at present and for months past re- siding at in the parish of and county of and being [here set forth the description of the debtor, and his^rofession or calling, if a«y], do hereby give notice, that I intend to present a petition to the Court of Bankruptcy [or the commissioner of the district, as the case may be), praying to be examined touching my debts, estate, and effects, and to be protected from all process, upon malting a full disclosure and surrtnder of such estate and effects for payment of my just and lawful debts; and I hereby further give notice, that the time when the matter of the said petition shall be heard is to be advertised in the London Gazette, and in the newspaper, one month at the least after the date hereof. As witness my hand, this day of

TRIUMPH OVER THE IRISH GOVERNMENT. I The Irish Orangemen have triumphed over the Irish Government. The College has proved more than a match for the Castle. Mr. Smith—who was selected by the government as the successor of Mr. Jackson both in the Solicitor-Generalship and in Parliament for Trinity College, Dublin—has been compelled to withdraw his pretensions to the latter honour. The government, it seems, could create a Solicitor-General; but, as the learned gentleman selected for the office was displeaswig to the Ultras who were wont to rule the roast in tlie Council Chamber at the Castle, neither c;j'<lery nor threats had pow-r to prevail with the managers e: 'Trinity College, Dublin,' te affirm the choice by sehct ing him for their member. Lord Eliot bore up manfully as long as a hope remained of being able to carry his point, and to carry his man. But when defeat was: .-hewn to be the certain result of further contest, his lordship- acting upon the good old rule, that 'the better part of valour is discretion' withdrew his man, and left the no lot ger-contested field to Mr. Hamilton, the Orange can- didate, who assigned, as his superior claims to the confi- dence of the members of the faithful Collegp,' that he would go to Parliament to resist the Maynooth grant, and to oppose the government scheme of national education." -Wúbe.

PATENT CONCAVE SHOP.-We have been shewn the pattern of Rodway's new horse-shoe, that bids fair in a very short time to supersede the model now in general use. The difference is exceedingly simple, so much so, that, like Columbus's experiment with the egg, every one considers the invention might have been his own. Instead of the flat surface of the present shoe, nearly the whole of that surface is channelled out to the depth 01 half a circle, forming a concave, having an out-side edge about the thickness of the crust of the hoof, and the inside about half that thickness. The advantages of this construction are obvious. The heads of the nails are completely removed from hard contact with the ground; the necessity for calkins is superseded; and the frog naturally comcs into a better and beneficial action. The main recommendation, however, is thi-by presenting two edges to the ground like the grooved skate, the horse is enabled to take a firmer gripe, thus promoting a bolder step and action, his own weight alone being suf- ficient to give the shoe its full effect. It need not be said how incalculably this must add to the security of the rider by giving confidence to the horse, besides securing the full oenefit of his muscular action in obviating the teiideticy t,) trip, that, like the recoil of the gun, is so much power wasted. It would occupy more room than we can sp ire fully to describe the merits of this concave shoe, and to extend our notice to its use through every class of horses-in another number we may revert to it. En passant, it will, we think, secure for the citizens the universal introduction of wood pavement, as it obviates the only objection of the horse slipping upon it. Each Company ought to vote Mr. Rodway a premium for the value he is gyving their patent. DENBIOUSHIRK RUKAL POLICE.—The following sketsb is furnished by a correspondent of the Carnarvon Herald, of an occurrence said to have taken place on the J 7tli instant, the evening of Llanrwst fair:—" Between ten and eleven o'clock, Mr. 1). Jones, a respectable young man, an assistant with Mr. Pierce, a druggist, was standing in the street, after having closed his employer's shop, when police-inspector Cunnah, came up, pushed him with his stick, and told him he should not stop there. Mr. Joiie, looked at the officer, but said nothing. The inspector then pushed him again, and told him if he did not go oil', he would put him in the lock-up-house. Mr. Jones: You had better take care what you are dointr. for as u.-c as you arc born, I will report your conduct; I have not said a word to any one, nor given ofience to any one. Inspector: You report me! you drunken fool! Unless you go off this moment, I will take you to Tan-y-graig, (the lock-up-house). And he again pushed LNIr. jo-ies with his stick. il,ir. Jones: I see from the state that you are in, it is no use reasoning with you and, to avoid further insult, I will obey your command but recollect, there are plenty of witnesses, and as sure as I am a living man, I will have you called up for your conduct. Mr. Jones turned off, and fortunately having escaped a severe blow aimed at him, he went in search of superintendant [Nicholls, whom, alter some trouble, lie found at the king's Head Public-house; to him Mr. Jones detailed the treatment he had just experienced. The superinten- dant went out to the spot, and struck his official stick in the ground, such being the tasual call, and oil the Inspec- tor making his appearance, the following colloquy took place: -Superinteiid;jnt; Cunnah! how came you to attack Mr. David Jones, as you have done in the street Inspector: lie was drunk. Mr. Jones: I never drink anything to make me drunk, nor did I taste anything of the kind to-day. (Mr. Jones is, we believe, a Teetotaller). Inspector: Hold your tongue, you drunken fool (making a motion with his stick to strike Mr. Jones), ..supenn- tendant: It you strike Mr. Jones, I will have you put in the lock-up-house. Inspector: You put me in the lock-up-house! Superintendant: Yes Sir. Hellver up to me the keys of the lock-up-house where are they Inspector: Here they are, in my pocket. I won't give the ii to you. I will take off my belt first, (The belt was here thrown oil, and shortly afterwards picked up by Owen Owens, ot Pout-y-Crwcwd, amongst the hootings and cheerings of the crowd which had collected). Super- intendent: Give me the keys, and go home, Sir; you are drunk, Sir! Inspector: lain not drunk, Sir; you are drunk Flesh and blood could not stand this a scene ensued that battles all description; a constable was sent for, to take charge of the inspector of police, and it was with considerable difficulty that the superiiitendatit escaped strangulation at the hand of the inspector who, instead of being consigned to the lock-up -house, was taken home to his own residence. On Sunday morning he resumed his duties (! ) and walked about unabashed as Police-inspector Cunnah!"

I in A Z JiTTIi. < Friday, Sep. 23. BANKR/JPTS.—Julius Kwala Beerbolm and William Edmund Slaughter, Fenchurch-street, merchants.—John Reid, King William-street, chemist.— John James Iselin, St. Bennet s-place, Gracechurch-street, rnerchan-.— W Chapman and Charles Mason Woodver, Hope-wharf, | Mapping, coai-merchants.—William Brocksopp, High- street, Southwark, grocpr.Jonathan Thompson, Oxlord- j street and Ch. apside, dealer in paper-hangings.— West Henry Parses, Birmingham, liosiet-. Sitriders Chew, Clipston, Northamptonshire, flour and malt-dealer. Tue&latj, S> n. 27. BAN'KH l:PTCY "=-uLLlw.-Slosl's Buckley, Oldham, draper. li.\NKHVPTS. Richard Hodgson Smyth, Cornliill, formerly 01 Cushion-court, Broad-street, iiiereliant.- \1.1;"111 Henry Ball, Keutnngton-cross,conch master and 1 livery stable keeper.—Hannah Simmonds, Leamington Pr iors, milliner .J olin Badcock, Shrivenham, Berkshire, grocer, draper, and general shopkeeper.—Horton Payn, Liverpool, master mariner and meichant.

ON BREEDING HORSES. I The first axiom I would lay down is, that "like will produce like:" that the progeny will inherit the quali- ties or the mixed qualities of the parents. It is also certain that the foal will inherit the diseases of the parents, or at least the predisposition to them. There are proofs upon proofs, that blindness, roaring, broken wind, spavins, curbs, &c., &< have been bequeathed both by the sire and the darn to the immediate or more distant offspring. Peculia, lty of form and constitu- tion will also be inherited. The unskilful or careless breeder will often so badly pair the animals that the good points of each will be in a man tier Inst, the defects of both will be increased, and the produce will be far inferior to both sire and dam. 0: late years these principles have been much lost sight of in the breeding of horses, and the following is the explanation. There are nearly as good stallions as there used to be: po- verty or indifference has induced many of the farmers to use that mare on his farm which has cost him little money, but still he determines to have a faol from her, and she is put to the horse; but by wbat rule does he select the horse? Why, a horse is selected because "they say" he is a good one, or because tllt-y only charge so and so for his covering, pnd a foal is still a foal; or neighbour So-and-So has a horse, and you know we must not go by him, for it would not be neighbourly. Under these considerations, not having the least reference to the points of the horse or the mare, a foal is produced, in all probability a worthless animal. I wish to impress upon the minds of all far- mers that the excellence of the mare is a point of quite as much importance as that of the horse, and that out of a bad mare, let the horse be as perfect as he may. a good foal will rarely be produced. Farmers should also hear in mind that a foal which, when arrived at maturity will sell for tl5 requires as much more food as one that will sell for Xloo and that the latter (if worked) will perform as much work for the breeder as the one that sells only for £ 15, but should the jdOO horse happen to receive a blemish during his work, he will at any rate bring as much as the unblemished iCI5 horse. I have been induced to make these re- marks in the hope they may catch the eye of those farmers who breed horses, and artrcareless about the stamp of the mare the put to the horse, and who by being thus indifferent, are the cause of producing the infe- rior class of horses we see in South Wales. Lattermaths never appeared better than this year. The sun and rain alternately have had a most beneficial effect on them. ENORMOUS TURN ip.-There was exhibited at Lerwick lately, a turnip from Mr. S. Duncan's farm, weighing altogether forty-one pounds, and measuring forty-one niches in circumference—a rare size for this place, but the result of care and itteiition.- JI eek paper.

TO READERS A.N-D CORRESPONDENTS. READERS are desired to observe that we do not deem ourselves responsible for either the language or senti- ments of correspondents. CORRESPON OE TS, whose communications are curtailed or omitted, are requested, always to refer such curtailment or omission to the Printers' want of time and space. We seldom receive any communication wholly un- worthy" of a place in our columns; but every post brings more than we can possibly find room for. Ac- counts of LOCAL occurrences are always welcome. No unpaid letter is received nor any unpaid puffery inserted. Paragraphs promotive purely of private in- terest or personal gratification are of course always paid for. All letteis ought to be addressed to the E, difor and if an answer is sought, post-office labels will be enclosed. Facts unauthenticated by real signature and address can receive no attention: and after tnis notice, self- respect of course will prevent any non-subscriber from soliciting favoursbut matters of general in- terest come from whom they may, will always be well received and highly apprt-ciated. Ei ery nuptial and obituary notice must be short; or if long, a post-office order with it wili be required. We desire to supply our readers with the largest possible quantity of PUBLIC Intelligence; an d to accomplish this object, limits are necessarily prescribed to merely individual en-.s and private purposes. AGENTS are requested to recollect that the shortest term of subscription is a quarter; and that every discon- tinuance ought to be accompanied by a Post-office Order. The charge tor inserting an advertisement is determined by the space it occupies, according to a fixed scale, beginning at five shillings for eight lines and under. The price of admission to our columns for paragraphs (not in our advertising columns) is equally moderate. To the convenience of Post-office Orders, the attention of our agents and the public in ge- neral is particularly pointed: these orders avoid ac- count-keeping, and preserve a good understanding between all parties. Persons ceasing to subscribe to the Welshman, and who are at the same time indebted to its Proprietary, if they desire their notice of discontinuance to take effect, of course must contemporaneously send a Post- office Order for the liquidation of their debt to the Proprietary.

I WJiBttJLY CALK MDAII. I THE Nlooiqla CHANGES.—New moon on the 4th I Octobet, at 6h. 24m. morn. I The Moon rises: Oct. l.— 2h. 4m. A.M. 2.- 3h. 32m. 3.- 5h. Om.- I 4.- 6h. 29m. Oct. 5. 7h. 58m. A.M. 6. 911. 26m. 7. IOh. 49m. I The Sun rises. Oct. !.6h.lm. 7.6h.nm. I Clock after Sun. 10m. 17 see. 12m. 5 sec. I The Sun sets. I 5h. 37m. 5h. 23m. Oct 2. Nineteenth Sunday after Trinity. Proper lessons, morning, Daniel 3, Mark 5 evening, Daniel 6, 2 Cor. 1. Oct. 1. Length of day, Ilh. 36m. Day's decrease from the longest day, 4h. 58m.; daybreaks 4h. 8m.; twilight ends, 7b. 31m. Oct. 1. Mayor and Assessors to hold an open court to revise the Burgess Lists under the Municipal Re- form Act, some time between the 1st and 15th Octo- ber three clear days' notice of such court being given. The revised list to he kept by the Town Cleric, and persona therein entered to be entitled to vote, ac- cording to the Act, from the 1st of November. Oct. 1. Pheasant shooting begins.

I TIDE TABLE. I HIGH WATER at BRISTOL, during the week. I | | Ctimberl. Outburst Xorning.! Eve?iing. Gates. Gates. _1_ U. M. 1 H. M. FT. INC.' FT. !NC. Oct. 14 8 j 4 31 26 6 15 3 2 8 5 32 j 29 7 18 4 3 6 2 I 6 21 32 2 20 11 4 6 48 i 7 8 33 11 22 8 5 7 34 7 51 35 l 23 10 6 8 17 I 8 33 3,t 8 23 5 7 8 5-2 19 9 33 0 21 9 EQUATION OF THE TIDES.—These equations, applied to the above table, will give the approximate times of HWII WATER AT THB FOLLOWING PLACES — II. M. a. M. Aberystwith add 0 15 Holyhead add 2 45 Carmarthen-bay sub. 1 5 Liverpool add 4 43 Cardigan-bar sub. 0 15 Lundy Isle sub. 1 3o Cnrditf-road steb. 0 55 Milford Haven. sub. 1 30 Carnarvon add 1 45 Newport, Mon.. sub. 0 45 Chepstow sub. 0 13|Swansea-bar sub. 1 45 Fishguard-bay. suh. 0 30Thames' mouth, sub. 5 50

GARDENINH OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK. ARTICHOKES.-Thse in all .likelihood will throw up heads in abundance now, having in many places been prevented by drought from producing the usual crop earlier in the season a good stock might there- fore be obtained to dry for 44 bottoms," which make an useful dish ia winter when green vegetables are scarce. BROCOLI. If the transplanting is concluded, the standing plants should be cleared of dead and broken leaves, and earthed up till they stand firmly enough to resist strong winds. CAULIFLOWERS—Continue to prick out the largest plants till a sufficient number are obtained for the earliest spring crop. CARROTS should be taken up, drened, and stored away in a dry shed- When left too long in the ground, they often throw out innumerable fibres, to the g'eat detriment of the routs. ENDIVE.-Tiie plants from thi- last sowing will now be large enough for transplanting at the foot of some of the walls, where they are not likely to be disturbed by the removal of the wall trees. MUSTARD AND CHESS should be sown under glass aftt-.r this time, as a supply cannot be depended upon from the open ground. UNIONS.— Hoe among the young plants, and con- tinue to dry and house those from the last spring sowing. POTATOES.—Take up as soon the haulm begins to wither; in some soils they arc much injured by grubs at this lime of the year. Orchard.—Persevere in gathering fruit as it ripens, which vviil be somewhat earlier this year than usual, owill,r to the greater warmth of the summer. In doing this,recollect that the well-keeping of Apples and Pears depends materially upnn carefully gathering and storing. Reject all that are grub-eaten or otherwise damaged, tor if such are taken into tHe fruit-room they will cause much unnecessary trouble by-and-by in soning, &c. Dress Strawberry plantations before | winter, by cutting eft the runners and weeding among the plains. New plantations of Gooseberries and Cur- rallts may be made now. I

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEIVED BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS:— LONDON: Mr. Barker, 83, Fleet-street; Mr. R. Winter, 5, Uouverie-street, Fleet-street; Messrs. Newton and Co., 5, Warwick-square; Mr. G. Reynejl,42,Chancery- lane; Mr. Deacon, 2L Walbrook, npar the Mansion House; Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; W. Daw- son and Son, 74, CannQrhstieet; Mr. C. Mitchell, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street ;— ABERYSTWYTH Mr. Joseph Roberts, Draper. AISEKGAVENNY Mr. C. l. Phillips, Auctioneer. BRECON Mr. Williaiii Evans, Ship-street. BRIDGEND Mr. David Jenkins. BitISTOL .Nlessrs.Pliilp& Evans,29,Clare-st, CARDIFF Ir. Bird, Post Office. CARDIGAN dr. Isaric Thomas, Printer. DUBMN .J. K.Johnston&Co. Eden Quay, HAVERFORDWEST Mr. O. E. Davies, Druggist. LANDOVERY Mr. Morris, Spirit Merchant. LAMPETER Mr. Rees, Druggist. LI.A>ELLY Mr. Gawler. MILFORD Mr. Gwvthcr, Custom House. MERTHYR ..Mr. William Morris. NAUBERTII Mr. Williams, Post Master. PEMBROKE Mr. It. C. Treweeks* Chemist. SWANSEA Mr. Grove, Stationer, Wind-st. TENBY Mr. Walkinton, Chemist. And by all Postmasters and Clerks of the Roads. TlIIs PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by all theabftve agents, and also in London, at Lloyd's Coffee-House.—Pet l's. Coffee.Housp, Nos. 177 and 178, Fleet-Street.—The Chapter Coffee- lIous" St. Paul's.—Deacon's Coflee House, Walbrook.—Jerusalem Coffee House, Coruhill, and the Auction \hn,