The Aberdare Times

PRESENTATION TO LIEUTENANT CAMERON. At the annual meeting of the Royal Geographical Society, held in London, on Monday, the founder's medal for this year was presented to Lieutenant Cameron. In presenting it the Chairman (Sir H. C. Rawlinson), said:— Mr. Cameron, I have been requested by my colleagues of Geographical Council to present you with the founder's medal of this year for the encouragement of Geographical scienoe and discovery, which has been awarded to you for yqur journey acrois Africa from Zanzibar to Benguela, and for your survey of the sonthern ball of Lake Tangan- yika and I fulfil this duty with all the more pleasure and satisfaction that I was in tbe chair whea we sent you forth on your honourable and important mission, and have thus had the opportunity of watching your progress, step by step, through the many trials and triumphs of your memorable journey. As Englishmen we are proud that the great feat of traversing Equatorial Africa from sea to sea should have been accomplished for the first time by an officer in the naval service of the Queen; but we with It to be understood that it is not your success In this particular exploit, it is not your remarkable exhibition of manly courage and perseverance—though these qualities, which you possess in an eminent degree, will always secure you the full and well-merited admiration of your countrymen— which have on tbis occasion exclusively, or even in an especial degree, recommended you to the favourable notice of the council. We have selected you to be our medallist, above RII other reasons, because you have, amidst difficulties and dangers, in failing health, under privation and fatigue, steadily kept in view the paramount claim on your attention of scientific geography, and have thus brought back with you from the interior of Africa a register of observations for latitude, longitude, and elevation, which, for extent and variety—and we are authorised by the report of the Greenwhich authorities to add for judicious selection and accuracy of remit—may favourably compare with the finished work of a professional survey. We feel, therefore, that we may fairly hold you up as a model to future travellers, trusting, indeed, that geographical science may as largely profit by the example which you have set to others, as by the results which you have yourself contri- buted. Sir, you have already received at the hands of your sovereign, as a reward for your brilliant achievement, the distinction of the Companionship of the Bath. which I believe was never before bestowed on so young an officer in her Majesty's Naval Service. You are also dally receiving proofs of the interest that your discoveries have excited among the public at large, owing to the practical benefits which the nation may expect to derive from them, both in regard to its commerce, and especially in regard to that object It has so much at heart—the suppression of the African alave trade; and I am now to offer you, in the name of geographical science, the highest honour we can confer— the founder's medal of the year. And in congratulating you on thus taking your place on the golden roll of the Geographi- cal Society's medallists, may I be permitted to add that, having presided on five occasions at the distribution of our annual awards, it has never been my fortune to present the medal to one who, by his services, has more thoroughly earned it. Lieutenant Cameron, who was loudly cheered, said—Sir Henry Rawlinson, I beg to thank you most heartily for the medal which you have just presented to me. It was one of the hopes which sustained me very much whilst I was travel- ling in Africa, that my exertions would be appreciated by my fallow countrymen. The training which I received in the service taught me how to take the necessary observations. I am glad to find that my services have been appreciated, that they are accurate, and that they have been productive of good results. (Cheers.) The Victoria or Patrons' Medal was then handed over by the chairman to Mr. Lowther, M.P., Under Secretary of State for the Colonies (in the unavoidable absence of the Earl of Carnarvon) for transmission to Mr. John Forrest, in recognition of the services to geographical science rendered by his numerous suc- cessful explorations in Western Australia, and espe- cially for his admirably executed route Burvey across the interior from Murchison River to the line of Over- land Electric Telegraph. The annual geographical medals offered by the society to the chief public schools were next presented to the following successful competitors, viz. :—In physical geography, gold medal, John Wilkie, Liverpool College bronze medal, Walter New, Dulwich College; and in political geography, gold medal, Thomas Knox, Haileybury College; bronze medal, W. M. H. Milner, Marlborough College. The Chairman then delivered the annual address on the progress of geography, in the course of which he announced, amid loud cheers, that he had received a communication from the Chancellor of the Exchequer that morning, that, considering the very great impor- tance of the discoveries of Lieutenant Cameron, htr Majesty's government had decided te share the ex- penses of the expedition. (Cheers.) Asumof.E3.000 would in due course be handed over to the Royal Geo- graphical Society on that account.

AMERICAN HUMOUR. A New York baker advertises biscuits so exquisite that persons sigh as their flavour dies away upon their breath." A Southern nigger arrested with chickens in bis sack declared, De man dat put 'em dar was no fren' of mine." A Texas paper speaks of the death of several reo sidents of this district by affections of the throat superin- duced by razors." "What was tbe result of the trial of that horse- stealer?'' asked a Missounan of his neighbour.—•' Oh, he was left hanging in suspense, was the reply. Who dat hit me ? Where's dat lantern ?" were the exclamations of an astonished Virginian nigger after being thrown something Use an hundred feet by a locomotive. A New York paper says, China has abolished the ko-tow. We don's know what it is, but we are glad it is abolished, for we never liked it." A Yankee paper informs the pnblic that board for the summer can be obtained at a large and shady brick gentleman's residence." A Yankee advertising for a wife, says, "It would be well if the lady were possessed of a competency sufficient to secure her against excessive grief, in case of accident occurring to hei companion." A Pennsylvania farmer has had his son christened "Slippery Elm." If honouring the father is essential to longevity, that youth will probably die young. A frontier Texan, who was asked if he was going to attend the Centennial Exhibition, guilelessly replied, I'd like to, but I'll have to put it off till next year. An exchange asks—"What are our young men doing ? We can't answer for the rest of the country, but around here they are engaged mainly in trying te lead a nine- dollar existence en a seven-dollar salary. A Wisconsin editor illustrates the prevailing extra- vagance of the people of the present day by calling attention to the costly baby carriages in use now. while when he was a lad they hauled him around by the hair of his head. Two tramps stopped at the house of a lone widow, and one went in to beg. Very soon he came out with a bloody nose and a first class black eye. "Well, did you get anything, Jack?" "Yes," growled the sufferer, "I've got the widow's might." A young lady graduate of a Western medical college, when asked by her father what he should get her for a birth- day present, caused that gentleman to turn pale by exclaim- ing: "Oh, my darling pa! if you would only go to the hospital and buy me the head and arm of a man, I should be the happiest girl in the world. I could dissect them on the kitchen table, you see." A San Antonio (Texas) newspaper says :—" A gen. tleman who came several thousand miles to view the country with the purpose of purchasing land, got a large-sized red ant on him a few days ago, and, stranger as he was, he tore about and used as appropriate language as if he had lived here all his life and moved in the best society." An emigrant family pacsing through Mankato, in Minnesota, lost their tom-cat. "Come. children," .aid the father, huskily, as he turned to the waggon "Jjhnny died of the scarlet-fever, little Mary WAnt with the whooping- cough, and now that we va lost Sardinlus, I shouldn't wonder if your mother or me should be the next to go." An old bachelor at New Orleans has been deterred from committing matrimony in the following way :—Think- ing over the subject, and particularly of the expense of maintaining a family, he set the table in his lonely abode with plates for himself and imaginary wife and five children. He then sat down to dine, and as often as he helped himself to food, he put the same quantity on each of the other plates, and surveyed the prospect, at the same time com- paring the cost. He is still a bachelor. "BEECHER'S" CANDLE.—An honest old gentleman from Sonoma county, who came to the city to spend the Sab- bath with friends, was asked by one of them what the people up his way thought of tbe Beecher scandal. He replied that he never tried U, and didn't know anything about It; that he and all hi* DeJahboun burned kerosene. A

DEATH of the INFANT SON of PRINCE AND PRINCESS CHRISTIAN. Prince Frederick, the infant son of Prince and Prin- cess Christian, died at half-past seven o'clock on Satur- day morning at Cumberland Lodge, Windsor Great Park. He was on y e'gbt days old, having been born on Friday week, the 12th inst. He was taken ill with convulsions on Friday morning. His critical condition, it is understood, cause:! the Queen to hesitate about proceeding to Balmoral, and for a few hours it was a question whether her journey to the north would j not have to be postponed. The Httle patient, I however, rallied somewhat in the afternoon, when he wae christened in the presence ot her Majesty, Princess Beatrice, and Prince Christian, Lady Susan Melville and Colonel G. Grant Gordon also being present at the baptism, which took place at Cumberland Lodge, the Queen and Princess Beatrice driving thither from Windsor Castle in order to attend the ceremony, which was performed by the Rev. E. I. Tuson, chaplain of Windsor Great Park. The infant Prince received the names of Frederick Christian Augustus Leopold Edward Harold. After the christening was over the Qaeen and Princets reo turned to Windsor Cast'e, prior to leaving for Balmora!. In the course of Friday night, after her Majesty's departure for the north, the child was again seized with convulsion", which continued till half-past seven on Saturday morning, when he died. Intelligence of the decease of the Prmce was at once sent to the Queen, who was at the time en route for Scotland, the Prince and Princess of Wales, and other members of the Royal Family. The bell at St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, was tolled in the morning. The Princess of Wales, upon hearing the loss which Princess Christian had sustained, immediately left Marlborough House for Cumberland Lodge, accom- panied by the Duchess of Roxburghe, Sir W. Knollys, and suite.

Early on Tuesday morning the remains of Prince Frederick of Schleswig-Holetein, infant son of Prince and Princess Christian, were interred in the Royal vault beneath the Albert Memorial Chapel, Wind- sor. The body of the infant prince was removed in one of her Majesty's carriages from Cumberland Lodge to the Deanery, Windsor Castle, previous to in. terment. The coffin was of polished oak, with silver handles and fittings, and on the plate was inscribed "His Highness Prince Frederick Christian Augus- tus Leopold Edward Harold, Duke of Schleswig- Holstein, born at Cumberland Lodge 12th May, 1876; died Cumberland Lodge 20th May, 1876;" and over the coffin was a white satin pall, decorated with a large violet cross. Prince Christian arrived at the Deanery between eight and nine o'clock, and pro- ceeded to the Albert Memorial Chapel, where the Burial Service was read by the Dean and Canon Pear- son. The coffin was then deposited in the Royal vault. The ceremony was private, the doors of the cloisters being shut during the service.

In consequence of the death of the infant Prince, her Majesty's State Ball, which was announced to take place at Buckingham Palace on Tuesday, the 23rd, was indefinitely postponed.

fpsalknmts Intelligent*. HOME, FOREIGN, AND COLONIAL. TOMB MUCH.—The Burials Bill may well be called a Liberal measure when its promoters demand for every man six feet in a church Yard.— Fun. CRUELTY TO ANIMALS.—The Bishop of Oxford presided on Saturday at a meeting of the local branch of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. In moving the adoption of the report, his lordship said, that with regard to the general purposes of the society there were many persons who had not been accustomed very much to consider what was due to the creatures around them, and they thought it a matter of small importance whether there was more or less Buffering inflicted on them. Cruelty was a character, a state of mind and habit of acting, and although now and then a cruel thing might be done in thoughtlessness, the general commission of acts of cruelty indicated a temperament of which cruelty was tbe characteristic, and it was quite certain where there was cruelty it was not confined to animals. The temper and character which produced these acts were just as dangerous to man and woman as to the animals whose cases they had particularly in view and when they had succeeded in repressing acts of cruelty to animals, they should keep under control and in check that temper and character which made homes miserable and led to acts of fatal violence. FATAL CARRIAGE ACCIDENT.—An accident took place on the Alcester-road, about six miles from Birmingham, on Monday, by which Captain Thorntan lost his life, and the wife of Major Briggs was seriously injured. Captain Thornton had been on a visit to Mr. Mole, of Beoley Hall, and on his return, while driving a dog-cart down hill from the Maypole Inn, the horse being frightened, dashed down Lime- kiln-lane. Captain Thornton attempted to draw up the horse to a dead wall, but the force of the collision was such that he was thrown out, falling on his head and the trap over him. He died in two hours. Mrs. Briggs was also thrown on the ground. She received severe face and internal injuries. Captain Thornton was about 32 years of age, and leaves a widow and three children. REMARKABLE ANTIQUARIAN DISCOVERY.—The Norddeutche Allgemeine Zeitung records the discovery of some remarkable antiquarian remains made in a field near Oos, in the Grand Ducby of Baden. A well-pre- served skeleton embedded in the soil at a depth of hardly two feet was dug out. Lying at its feet were discovered a complete but rusty suit of armour, a long sharp pointed sword, a battle-axe, a shield, a spear of great length, and an arrow-head. The sword was orna- mented in various and costly ways; a thin plate of gold, with curious streaks, covered the hilt. There were also two silver-gilt ornaments for the scabbard, which, however, was missing. One of these was inlaid with three polished valuable red stones. The skeleton was laid with its feet pointed towards the east, the head towards the west, with the face, as is generally the case in Germanic sepulture, turned to the north. The armour is of a Teutonic or Frank ish character, the ornamentation coinciding exactly with similar speci- mens discovered in the Germanic sepulchres near Pfullingen, in Wurtemburg, now deposited in the museum at Stuttgart. STRANGE, BUT TRUE.—In these days, [when everything is done at railway speed, a great many people are met with who, you find, are, as they say, "tied to time." And yet, in spite of all these ob- stacles, how Time flies \—Judy. WORKING MEN'S LORD'S-DAY REST ASSOCIA- TlONi—The nineteenth annual meeting of the members and friends of the above association has been held at Exeter Hall, the Earl of Shaftesbury presiding, sup- ported by a number of friends of the movement. The hall was densely crowded.—Mr. C. Hill, secretary, read an abstract of the report, which stated that by the efforts of the association on behalf of country post- men 321 receiving post-offices had been eniirely closed on Sundays, 300 new rural posts had been established without a Sunday delivery, 100 rural post messengers had been entirely released from Sunday deliveries, 161,000 publications had been issued, 60 lectures had been given; the income had been £1,085, the expendi- ture £ 734.—Mr. S. D. Waddy, M.P., moved. This meeting declares its opinion that one day's rest in seven from toil is an absolute necessity for the physical and moral welfare of all classes, and that the opening of museums, galleries, aquariums, and other places of amusement on Sundays would enormously increase Sunday labour and inflict a great moral and physical injury on those large sections of the commnnity whose bread is earned in ministering to the amusements of the people." This was seconded by the Rev. W. Cad. man and adopted, and eventually the following resolu- tion was agreed to :—" That, owing to the extensive provision always made at or near places of amusement for the sale of Intoxicating drinks, the opening of places of amusement on Siindays would greatly increase Sun- day drinking, and De an additional barrier to the closing of public-houses on that day."—The meeting concluded with a vote of thanks to the chairman. UNPOPULAR MELODIES.—An appropriate song for a victim to the old-fashioned mode of tooth drawing would be, How happy I could be with ether 1" or That strain again —Fun. How THE WIDOW CAUGHT HIM.—A gentle. man of an autobiographical turn relates how he was in- structed in the custom of taking toll by a sprightly widow during a moonlight sleiglu-ide with a merry party. He says :—" The lovely Widow L. sat in the same sleigh, under the same buffalo-robe, with me. Oh oh don't, don't,' she exclaimed, as we came to the first bridge, and at the same time catching me by the arm, and turning her veiled face toward me, while her little eyes twinkled through the moonlight. Don't what!' I asked, I've not done anything.' Well, but I thought you were going to take toll,' replied the widow. 'Toll?' I rejoined, What's that?' 'Well, I deIJlare I' cried the widow, her clear laugh ringing above the music of the belle, you pretend you don't know what toll is Indeed I don't, then,' I said, laughing; explain, if you please.' You never heard then,' Baid the widow, most provokingly—' you never heard that when we are on a sleigh-ride the gentlemen always— that is sometimes—when they cross a bridge claim a kiss, and call it toll. But I never pay it.' I said that I never heard of it before;—but—'here the story abruptly ends. THE PROGRESS OF THE AGE.—We live in a time when, owing to co-operative stores and other means of coercion, sharp payments have become de rioueur. Even tailors expect to be paid at the fitting tme.— Judy. SUFFICIENT FOR A BEGINNING !—The Scien- tific American gives us an account of an excellent new device for making sham meerschaum, horn, and coral out of such humble materials as potatoes and carrots (sayathe Standard). The process is admirably simple and the results are unexceptionable. For making meerschaum the potatoes have to be peeled and macerated for thirty-six hours in watel acidulated with 8 per cent of sulphuric acid. They are then taken out and dried on blotting paper, and in hot sand under heavy pressure upon plates of cbalk or plaster for several days. These supporting plates have to be changed every day. The result of this simple pro- cess is a material of the appearance of meerschaum, and quite as easy to carve. By substituting 3 per cent. of soda for the sulphuric acid in the macerating liquor, and following in other respects the same treatment, a material is produced of much greater hardness, whiteness, and elasticity, and this may, perhaps, one day develop into something for carving billiard balls. This material can be converted into an imitation of horn by the not very troublesome expedient of boiling it in water containing 19 per cent, of soda. The imitation of coral is produced by the substitution of carrots for potatoes. With such examples before us it seems hardly too much to prophesy that before long wenshall be able to dispense with what are called natural processes. The alchemists who wearied themselves in the vain search for means to transmute base metals into gold seem to have been not so much visionaries, as to have gone the wrong way to work. They wanted to take the last step first. From oarrota to coral is quite sufficient for a begin- ning. JUDICIAL LENIENCY.—A sentence of imprison- ment for 99 years was passed at St Louis in April upon a negro who confessed that he had killed his wife. The St. Louis Republican states that he was allowed to avoid risk to his neck by pleading guilty of murder in the second decree and there being » law of tbe State of Missouri that a p.-rson sentenced to imprisonment for life can claim his discharge at the expii >tion of 15 years, the judge passed a sentenca longer than for life. REGISTERED ELECTORS.—The number of elec- tors on the register for England and Wales now in force, according to a Parliamentary Paper just issued, is 2,340,763, of which 843,803 are in counties, 1,484,844 in boroughs, and 12 116 in Universities. In Ireland the number is 230,7n, of which 173.860 are in coun- ties, 53,593 in boroughs, and 3,323 in Trinity College, Dublin. In Scotland the number is295,420, comprising 86,412 in counties, 198,725 in burghs, and 10,283 in Universities. THE LOCK TRADE.—An important labour reform has just been initiated in the lock trade at Will- enhall. The lockmakers have by a large majority resol- ved to abolish the system of" hiring which for a very long period has prevailed ia the trade. By thiB system a workman engages himself to an employer for a term of years, in consideration of a loan of money—ranging from £5 to £20-to be repaid by weekly instalments. Owing to the scarcity of skilled workpeople, employers have lately been outbidding each other in the offer of loans, and not only has the trade become disorganized, but the social effects of the system upon the workpeople themselves and their wives and families have been un- satisfactory. Mr. Isaac Spooner, the stipendiary magistrate for South Staffordshire, has repeatedly condemned the system as being little short of white slavery." HOMOGENEOUS IRON RAILS.—Mr. George Leeman, Chairman of the North-Eastern Railway, favours us (The Times) with the information that the North Eastern Railway Company are now engaged in experiments upon a large scale under the superintend- ence of Mr. Lowthian Bell, M.P., the eminent iron- master, for making homogeneous iron rails from Cleve- land pig, and that the experiments, so far as they have gone, are highly encouraging. Should they result as is very confidently anticipated, tbe advantage to the Cleveland district must, Mr. Leeman says, be yery great. THE PLAGUE.—The LevantHerald of the 10th instant states that, while still confined within its original topographical limits, the plague has slightly increased in virulence at Bagdad. According to the last weekly bulletin of the Sanitary Board, the number of deaths in that city from the 23rd to the 29th ult, in- clusive, was 399, or on an average 51 per day. At Hillah, on the other hand, the mortality has been rather less in comparison with the deaths of the previoas week, 148 persons, or about 21 per day, having died there from the 23rd to the 29th ApriL In the same interval eight deaths from plague were registerd at Imam- Mousa, and ten fatal cases at Nedjef. Taking all in all, the plague mortality in Mesopotamia has increased by 52 deaths as compared with the returns of the pre- vious week. AFTER DINNER SONG.—"In nappy moments." —Fun, TRIPLE MURDER IN THESSALY.—A letter from Thessaly describes an atrocious murder which has been committed at the village of Yolo. A man about sixty, with his wife and an adopted child, a boy of seven, were living in a cottage near the mill stream, the noise of which is supposed to have prevented any cries for assistance being heard. He had engaged some women to work in his vineyard, and as no ad- mittance could be obtained when they came in the morning, they called some neighbours to force the door. On entering the house a horrible sight presented itself. The woman was lying in bed with her throat cut, and one or two wounds on the head; near the door, as though attempting to escape, lay the little child, also with its throat cut. The man had been stabbed and then hanged. Fire and petroleum had been placed under him, evidently with the intention of burning down the house, but the rope burnt through, and the man fell, carrying part of the flooring with him, into the cellar, after which the fire smouldered, and smoke was still ascending. Information was at once sent to the authorities. As no robbery took place the crime is supposed to have been done from revenge. PRESENTS FROM INDIA.—The princes and dis- tinguished natives of India who showed their loyalty to the throne of England by lavishly bestowing presents on the Queen's eldest son (remarks the Overland Mail), will be interested to know that their valuable gifts have all arrived in London. Many of them have been placed at Marlborough House, others-many waggon loads—have been deposited at the galleries of the Exhibition building at South Kensington, adjoining the Royal Albert Hall. In these spacious galleries the articles of the India Museum are now seen by the public; and here the presents for the Prince-are being opened, and after his Royal Highness has seen them displayed, they rill be for a couple of months at least open fi>r the inspection of the^public, who will judge of the handsome manner in which their Prince has been entertained in India by what he has brought home. A SHORT COURTSHIP.— The New York papers report the death of Barney Williams, a popular Irish comedian, whose real name was Bernard Flaherty. He left his wealth to his wife and daughter, Marie Kath- leen, his real estate alone being valued at over 81,000 dols. The following novel incident of Barney's court- ship and marriage is told:— In 1859 Barney and Joe Jefferson, who has since become famous as Rip Van Winkle, were both playing in the stock company of the Chatham-street Theatre. In the same company was a very pleasant young widow, Mrs. Mestayer, and Barney and Joe had both cast sly glances at the widow, and neither suspected the other of being smitten. One evening Joe asked Barney, as they were dressing for the stage, to make Mrs. Mestayer an offer on his be- half. Barney was staggered, but he horoically re- solved to abide by the lady's decision. He fulfilled his task between the first and second acts of the first piece, saying, Mr. Jefferson has commissioned me to offer you his heart and hand.' I am sorry," said she, as her lively face clouded with mingled regret at the nec< ssity of rendering Joe unhappy, and the seeming indifference of Barney. 'I respect and admire Mr. Jefferson, but I can never become hia wife.' 'Then will you have me ?' eagerly inquired Barney. I will,' she eaid, brightening up, as Barney seized her hand. A clergyman was sent for, and the couple were married betweep the second and third acts." THE MUNIFICENT GIFT BY MR. BAIRD.—The Dundee Advertiser mentions a rumour that Mr. Baird, the ironmaster, has in contemplation the bestowal of another half million sterling to Presbyterian uses— largely but not exclusively for the benefit of the Church of Scotland. The munificent donor is said to desire the advancement of the higher education of the ministers of all Presbyterian denominations, and to be devising means whereby those of the Free and United Presbyterian Churches might participate in the advan- tages of this second munificent gift without any com- promise of principle on their part. Although the precise nature of the endowment and the method of its application may not be finally determined, the Dundee paper adds, we believe we may safely fore- shadow the general intention to devote another £500,000 to the advancement ot Presbyterian culture." THE CAT OUT.—Servant (to old lady from whom there are "expectations"): "If you please, Mrs. Jones, missis has sent you a couple of fowls with her compliments and many returns of the day I"— Sharp and delightful Child (extra sharply) Ah yes, but I heard pa say she was to pick out the skinny ones, and that they were too good for an old cat who'd made up her mind to live for ever and cheat the under- taker !"—Fun. STRUCK DUMB.—The Panama Star reports a remarkable case of sudden loss of speech. A sailor on H.M.S. Repulse, in port at Panama, was engaged on Sunday, the 2nd of April, in polishing his shoes, preparatory to attending the church service on board. He was in apparently perfect health, laughing and joking with his shipmates in the usual seamanlike manner. After an interval, in attempting to reply to something that was said he found that his power of articulation had gone not a word or intelli- gible sound could he utter. His general health was unimpaired up to the 21st, and the medical officers of the ship were unable to aocount for the sudden con- version of a loquacious fellow into a mute, uttering only guttural and unmeaning sounds. A BLIND CLERGYMAN.—The Rev. Norman Frederick M'Neile, M A., who has been appointed to the stipendiary curacy of the church of St. Paul, Prince's Park, Liverpool, officiated for the first time on Sunday. The rev. gentleman, who is one of the sons of the Rev. Dr. M'Neile, late Dean of Ripon, and brother of the Rev. E. H. M'Neile, the incum- bent of St. Paul's, is, says the Liverpool Mercury, per- fectly blind, and read the service from a "raised" prayer book. The reverend gentleman recited rather than read the service, and was most effective when he announced that tbe Qaeen desired the thanksgiving of tbe congregation upon the safe return of the Prince of Wales from India. DEGREES OF RANK.—William Morning, James, I see your gals ha' got a new guv'ness; what sort of a pusson is she?"—James: Well, hi can't zackly say, as hi don't 'ave much to do with 'er class, but hour ladies down stairs don't think much of 'er —Fun. PRISON REFORM IN SPAIN.—Three great and fearful abuses connected with the prisons and penal establishments of Spain having been brought to light, three great reformers—very Howards of Spain—have arisen (says the correspondent of The Times). So nor Silvela has taken up the cause of the gaols, or smaller prisons, where at least 2,000 or 3,000 haplesB beings are lying from year to year untried and uncondemn ed, in filth, and without beds. Sefior Villalva, the In. spector-General of Penal Establishments in Spain, is at work night and day. I visited the large convict prisons (500 men, 600 women, roughly stated) at Alcala de Henares, an hour's run from Madrid, on Sunday, and saw Sefior Villalva, and inspected his plans for improving the large convict establishments of Spain and Spanish Africa. His reform has commenced at Alcala, and architect and builder are at work there. His plan is based on the separate sleeping system of English prisons. St nor Lastre haa taken up the cause of the lads under eighteen years convicted of their first offence, and a reformatory for boys on the French and English systems will be built Boon in Madrid, the first of its kind.

EPITOME OF NEWS. BRITISH AND FOREIGN. A Hindostanee work @n music says that "music is the painfully acquired art ohpeaking very loud in a shrill voice." Over 60,000 persons went over the Serapis at Ports- mouth last week. Prince Louis Napoleon visited the Prince of Wales on Saturday. The Windsor Castle, whieh left on Saturday, took out two little steel vessels for the Church of Scotland One is for mission service on Lake Nyuøa, and the other for the purpose of establishing trading stations. Nottingham and the neighbourhood were visited on Monday atterooon by a heavy thunderstorm, accompanied by frequent fearful flashes of lightning. At the ..ill. B' of Ratcliffe, a man llame1 Franks was standing on a high c'iff overlooking the river Trent, when he was struck by lightning and killed Instantaneously, the electric fluid passing through several parts of his body. Eight persons have been killed in a 0' at Chesterfield County, Virginia. A commencement has been madl dockyard in building the armour-plated 1 memnon, 8,492 tons, 6,C00-horse power. The Nottingham Amateur Christy presented £50 to the National Lifeboat Insti result of eiiterlaiiiments given by them ia al The wbo^e of tbe ground, not occup; tie cVanosibs, under the City "f Pari*, is occ muthrooms of peculiarly line quality for the There ia an enormous South Americf Parts Z )010giml Gardens, and the gamins d hy spliog a sped 11 preparation ot black tl cou, ins, as specimens of the imect's web. The Queen did not go to church on S service was performed in Balmoral Castle Campbell, of Crathie.—Pail Mall Gazette. The Centennial Commissioners of tl Exhibition have appointed 250 judges, one-h foreigners, who before the leG of July hi awards of prizes made by them, based on comparative merits of the objects exhibited, In London, on Sunday night, a li o'clock, a boat, containing a party of friem on a pleasure excursion down the Thames, the Houses of Parliament, and six persons At Greenock, on Sunday afternoon, store belonging to the Harbour Corporatu by fire. The store contained about 2,000 t which was also destroyed. The total dami mated at £50,000, is covered by insurance. Do you know how a church fair woi clple Is a very ingenious one. Some ladl from their husbands, buy materials, and articles, which they give to the fair. Th places, borrow more money, and buy the ar — Court Journal. The select committee of the Hous appointed to consider a petition addrest appointed to consider a petition addrest by inhabitants of the town of Boulogne taken evidence, and searched for precedei the reception of the petition by the House. In consequence of the depression in t of the spinners and manufacturers of Bradf upon giving their hands notice of a redi amounting to at least 10 per cent. Prince Napoleoa has addressed a Ie tors, in which he saysThe Republic e imposes it on us it is the only form of gi actual situation of France; I accept it 1 servedly." One of the greatest defects in the ed consists in teaching them that the world w to them. It is not true. The world is ofte not hang a great many people who deserve The Correspondent of the Standard says that the mental condition of the Su apprehensions. He is tortured by fears 01 is alarmed at the idea of being burned aliv< sleeps in an iron cased bedroom, guarded bj armed police. His principal wife Valide personally the preparation of his meals. Lord Suffield, who accompanied the' to Tndia, returned to North Walsham, No night, and was heartily welcomed and e lordship, in speaking of India, said the n: line condition. In his opinion the natives England. The American correspondent of 1 graphs that the number of admissions to Exhibition is gradually increasing. On Frii the number of Admissions on p1!.yment we Saturday, 13 182 The agitation for the 6 the Exhibition conti niles, anti hoth sides a meetings. In the meantime the Centennii avoid a decision, has adjourned till July. The annual meeting of clergymei wardens in connection with the Bishop of L held on Monday under the presidency of stated that the fund had been in full opei years, and that of the million sterling for had been asked when it was established, spiritual necessities in the metropolis, mc amount had been received and expenaed. future, still larger means would be imperat Application has been made to the] ment on behalf of some French engineers take soundinss in British waters, so as t point of the English coast which may he for the opening to the proposed tunnel bet' and France. The new ship Oaklands, 955 tons, c: Agent-General for South Australia, sailed f from Plymouth, on Saturday, with 379 emlg married and single agricultural and otb mechanics and single young women, domeal G. T. Eadson, is surgeon superintendent, a matron in charge of the single women. A remarkable instance of the extent t transmit a vibratory shock is related by M the Arctic explorer, in his Notes of Travel. lure," he says, the vibrations of a boat sti ice edee are conveyed a distance of two Directly the boat comes in contact with t for miles raises its head and is on the alert. In consequence of several English t penetrated into remote parts of the Rrnslai Is not desired that they should appear, ordc issued by the Russian G varnment that crossing the Russian frontier shall report < Consul of thetr country, who will be he! their subsequent movements. Vanity Fa A letter from Shetland reports the le John Walker, of Lerwick, manned by f< sailed from Shetland for the Faroe cod fli reported to have been lost in the eale on She was owned by the Shetland Fishery widows and children have been left deat disaster. The Coaching Club opened the seas by a meet in Hyde Park, thirty drags asser o clock, and being marshalled in view of a 1 company by Colonel Armytage. Sixteen of driven down to the Alexandra Palace, wher their friends had luncheon. The Queen, on the recommendation has granted to Mrs. TregeUes, widow < Prideaux Tregelles, LL.D., the eminent Gre slon of £100 annually for life, in recognition great services in conneetlon with the Bib The memorial asking that this might be do twenty-six archbishops and bishops, and number of the other Church dignitaries. The lodges of the Independent Ordei plars in Middlesex held a convention on Si apolitical manifesto waa adopted declarlr manding the power to prohibit the liquor bers of the order should heartily support day closing in England and Ireland. The Premier of New Zealand, who was amoni stated that there were 9,000 Good Templan On Monday M. Victor Hugo addrei Senate in support of his motion for a comp the conclmlon of his speech, in which he vi the late Emperor and his rigime, the Ex applauded and M. Dufaure and M. Tolain Government found nothing to reply to in M The motion was then rejected almost n: eight or ten hands on the Extreme Left favour ef it. Mr. Nathaniel Barnaby, Director struction at the Admiralty, was one of tl Scientific Conference, at South Kensington expressed his belief that fighting ships of th of the class of the Nelson and Borthamz; Sootland, with central armour protecting II a strong shield fore and aft, a high broadsic and fired by electricity from fore and aft sci exposure of the crew. At the annual meeting of the Ro] Society it was stated that Liverpool, in prell had been selected for the exhibition in 1877, being more readily accessible from Ireland, sum has been granted for a scientific inves tain virulent animal diseases—The cffei Bedford of a farm upon whicti t,) make exp to agricultural matters was awarded a cord especially as his Grace has undertaken to < attendant cost. Lut Friday a lady named Hodson, I age. died suddenly at the Denmark-hill She took a ticket for Ludgate hill by the 1 to the bookiDg clerk, I have half killed n to catch the train." The clerk replied, TI sion for that, you have five minutes to spar half way down the steps to the platform then fell forward. The porter, who had b< ran to her assistance, and he called the si whose directions a medical gentleman wai ance, but life was found to be extinct. The following anecdote is related c LytteltonOnce at a committee meetir Education Society In Sonth Staffordshire, posed on a certain occasion to organise a I for certain of the night classes to Hagley-pi he leant over in his familiar way, and sai commonly like to invite you all to dine wltl slon. But I am a poor peer with a blggl the only thing I can do is—come and dine 1 Some one who professes to know all York papers has been appraising the monej the Cincinnati Gazette. He says that the jei00,000, the Times £200,000. the Tribune mortgage, the World £ 60,000, the Jowri jElt 0,000. the Evening Express £50,000, tl £140,000, the Commercial Advertiser £ 30,< Mail £20,000, and the Sun £40,000. The United States Senate hasconfirn ment of the first woman who has ever recei The laay's name is Josephine Shaw I nominated by the Governor for the office c sioner of Charities in the place of Commie Mrs. Lowell belongs to a distinguished New Her husband—a nephew of the poet Low< brother were killed in the late war. The strike or rather resignation of 8( In the employment of the Midland Railw been averted. The directors of the con Issued a revised circular with respect to tht tious in the conditions of the service of th< way servants, with a few exceptions, have resignations. On the Harwich branch of the Grei way on Saturday afternoon a child of s named Alice Ranson was instantaneously kl ing by a passing train. Her brother-Tames her danger, ran to her aid and had pul middle of the line to theralls, when they w< the engine. The little girl's legs were I body and the boys' skull was fractured. HI ing. The children had strayed from the gal line. A lecture on National Societies for), Wounded Soldiers in War has been delive Service Institution (London) by Mr John F tained that the result of the establishm< Societies had been that hundreds of lives ha the wounded and dying in battle had recel and consoiment which otherwise they co tained. Under these circumstances the avail themselves of peaceful times to educi work which they professed to be able to pei The animals deposited in the gardi logical Society by the Prince of Wales, lnclu two musk deer, two Thar goats, four Indiai aboot 7, 6, 1J, and 1J years five tigers, a rine oat, five leopards, an Indian civet cat, seven Indian antelopes, three Axis deer, several pairs of Impeyan pheasants, cheer t tragopans, Chukar partridges. Besides th mens, the following are the most lmportan week :—Two secretary vultures, presenter Angel; an Egyptian cobra, presented by t Fisk and a Maholi galago, presented by berg, all from South Africa. The death is announced of a promisin Lieut. Christopher George Williams, of h Excellent. It seems that he had been rem pital at Haslar, where it was found that from typhoid fever, and that in his dellrluu a window in one of the upper storeys. Wh was found to have been fatally injured, a: shortly afterwards. Lieutenant William! scholarship at the Royal Naval College, G last general examination, which Is worth &1( years, and had j ust received hia appointmel Officer of the Excellent after completing hi, Actors occasionally hold the mirror, a manner which even in these realisdc d sidered excessive (says the Correspondent < An Instance has just happened at the G Lyons. The piece was th" old stock melodr ou les Enfants de la Ripublique. An act bazon played the r6le of Marceau. In th< enters on horseback at the head of his tr redoubt, Marceau fell from his horse in t charge, and lay struggling under the legs of audience thought this a fine piece of actin: most vehemently. The actors also appear merely a part of his and did not go t length Marceau fainted, and it was then di had not been acting, but had accldentall) hone and received a kick on the head. Tl onee dropped, and Marceau was taken oft t his motley.

<§nr fonkn Ccrmsponbmf. [We deem it right to state that we do not at all ttacs Identify ourselves with our Correspondent's opinions.] The Guildhall welcome to the Prince of Wales on bia refcnrn from India. was one of the most sumptuous entertainments which has been witnessed in the annals of the Cit> of London. Many royal guests have from time to time been received hy the corporate authori- ties or England's capita', and there have been grander pageants than on tbi-) occasion, but note in which there has been a heartier greeting-. Whatever the City of London takes in hand is certain to be done well. One reason of this is that there is never any lack of funds for any purpose for which money is required. Here is a body with an income of £400,000 a year—a sum which the ruler of many an extinguished German principality might envy. This immense amount is expended in great part in carrying out much needed Improvements, and these are sometime of colossal extent, such as the bridging of the Holborn-vallty with a magnifioent viaductj aad the reconstruction of Blackfriars Bridge, both of which were opened by her Majeety on the same day In November, 1869. Either of theae great works would represent an outlay of at leaat a quarter of a million sterling. Therefore the Corporation, being well able to afford a display of splendid hospitality, doea not hesitate to do so. The first entertainment which it ever gave the Prince and Princess of Wales cost £ 60,000. This fact alone is a striking illustration of the enormous wealth of the comparatively small community included within the civio limits, overshadowed by the stately dome of St. Paul's and lying between London Bridge and Temple Bar. In addition to the renewed life thrown into the metropolis by the return of the Prince of Wales, more animation has been witnessed in consequence of the presence of several Royal guests. The Empress of Germany has scarcely left us before King George of Hanover, Queen Mary, the Prince Royal, and two princesses arrived, and the movements of these distin- guished visitors are invested with much interest. The King, like the Duke of Cambridge, is a first cousin to our own Queen, is Duke of Cumberland in the English peerage, and would, therefore, have a perfect right to sit and vote in the House of Lords. Before the acces- sion of her Majesty to the throne in 1837, the English Sovereigns, from the time of George L, had been rulers also over Hanover, but as the right of succession there is limited strictly to heirs male, Hanover reverted to the House of Brunswick entirely when Queen Victoria came to the English Crown. All went well for nearly thirty years, but in the summer of 1S63, in the contest between Prussia and Austria for supremacy in Germany the development of the Prussian armies was so cleverly executed and with such wonderful rapidity, that Austria was completely defeated, and her rival annexed one kingdom after another; or perhaps it it would be more correct to say, formed them into what was afterwards known as the North German Confederation. Amongst the thrones which the Prussians then converted into footstools was that of Hanover, although King George has never recognized the jastice of the decision which took his kingdom from him. The conten- tion of the ruling powers at Berlin was, that in times gone by a divided Germany had fallen an easy prey to French ambition, and that a great and united Confederation would alone interpose an irre- sistible barrier to the designs of the common and hereditary foe. The value of this reasoning was apparent in July, 1870, when France declared war against Prussia. From end to end of the vast Fatherland, and from the Danube to the Baltic, there was one controlling agency—one moving force. There was also one cry—" To the Rhine I" and every railway was crowded with troops harrying towards the banks of the sacred river to repel the invader. With such marvellous celerity was this done, that, within a fort- night from the declaration of war, half a million of armed men—cavalry, infantry, and artillery—were upon the French frontier; and the tide of invasion which had been intended for Germany was rolled back in devastating waves upon the fair plains of Alsace and Lorraine. But it would have been impossible to accomplish such a result had each of the German States exercised its own military administration. It was the master mind of Count Moltke which directed the movements of these gigantic armies as easily as the chess player is enabled to place his pawlls. The increasing coldness of the summer in these latitudes is not only attracting the attention of the learned, but is noticed with uneasiness by those who remember the old-fashioned weather. Steamers which have made their way across the Atlantic report that huge masses of ice are continually drifting down into it from the Polar Seas, and that in that part of it which stretches away from the coast of Newfoundland, navigation becomes increasingly difficult every year. Of course, if immense blocks of ice are continually knocking about in the Atlantic, the water is not only chilled, but also the winds passing over the ocean, and these winds do not lose their frigidity when they blow upon oar islands. We ara told by scientific men that the earth is unmistakeably becoming colder at the Poles, as a consequence of the sun losing some of its fervent heat; and if the increas- ing cold were confined to the Poles not much harm would be done. The latitudes there have no ships of Tarshish to be frozen in, there are no people with con- stitutions to be affected and health to be broken, no summer trade to be ruined. For those lands, in the language of Milton, "Eternal silence is their doom." But, as we see, the mischief of the augmented formation of ice is not restricted to the Poles, for it is found floating away into distant oceans, and not only immediately endangering the exist- tence of stately ships, but chilling the tempera- ture with a blast which is carried over busy cities and fertile lands. Cold is an enemy to life either animal or vegetable; and less cold and more heat would act beneficially for man- as well as for the products of his industry. The blow haa just now fallen with particular force npon the poor people of Iceland. In that country of frost and snow and hot- water springs, the residents are satisfied with very little, for even if they were able to earn a lot of money it would be impossible for them to spend it. Their summer is a very brief one, but it is productive; and foroa few weeks the earth and the fisheries yield all the more abundantly to compensate for the presence of the iron bands of ice which grasp them during the greater p*rt of the twelve months. Judge of the dismay ot the unfortunate inhabitants at seeing their fields and gardens covered with frozen snow when they ought to be bright with vegetation, and their fisheries destroyed by tolid blocks of ice filling their harbours and their bays, and the waters of their seas as far as the eye can reach, with no hope of a clearance for two months at least 1 Perhaps there is no district in London so well known by reputation to the general public throughout the kingdom as South Kensington. For years it has been the headquarters of important social and educational movements the influence of which have ex- tended throughout the kingdom. Every schoolmaster in the land knows something about the department of Science and Art at South Kensington; Mr. Buckmaster's lectures have brought tens of thousands acquainted with the work of the National School of Cookery there it was the site of the International Exhibition of 1862; the South Kensington Museum is a place of interest to all visitors from the provinces; a series of annual exhibitions have been held there since 1871; her Majesty has just opened a Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus there; in South Kensington stands the Royal Albert Hall; and the latest addition to its attractions is the National Training School for Music, which has been opened by the Dukes of Edinburgh and Connaught. It haa often struck many as remarkable that while the Royal Academy of Arts keeps itself so prominently before the public, the Royal Academy of Music waa but little heard of, although the admirers of muaic as compared with art would be twenty to one. That is to say, there are immense numbers who, although un- able to appreciate one of the masterpieces of Michael Angelo, would be stirred to the soul by the Bublime strains of the "Hallelujah Chorus." Therefore it is not easy to account for the comparatively inferior position which the Royal Academy of Music has so long occupied, and it is hoped that this national Training school inaugurated so quietly and unostentatiously by two younger sons of the Queen will assist in popularising an attainment which is such a general favourite, and whose soothing influence has been the theme of song by poets in all ages. Those who can look back upon the great railway contests before Parliamentary committees 30 years ago, will remember the very familiar expression then in use—the Battle of the Gauges." It was a contest between Broad and Narrow—the seven feet track of the former against the 4ft. 7in way of the latter. Isambard Brunei was the champion of the broad, Robert Stephenson of the narrow. From the first the advocates of the seven feet guage had one great difficulty to contend with—it was more coatly in every way. Engines, carriages, permanent way, em- bankments, tunnels, cuttings, viaducts, bridges, plat- forms, station", must mcessarily be all vastly more expensive than if they had been made upon a smaller scale. It did not make so much difference in districts which were sparsely peopled, and were obliged to be content with a single pair of rails; but when there were four lines—two up and two down —the difference in the quantity of land to be paid for came to be enor- mous. So Stephenson and the narrow guage won the victory: for the Londtm and North Western, the Great Northern, the Midland, the South Eastern, the Brighton, the Chatham and Dover, the Great Eastern, and the South Western, were all constructed upon the narrow gang* The Great Western was the only line :II mdde upon the broad guage principle; and splendidly made it was, as all who have had occasion to travel upon it can testify. Yet this was a case in which the truth of an old saying has not been exemplified, Westward the course of empire did not take its way. The narrow gauge has been steadily driving the broad out of the field for hnndreds of mile" upon the Great Western system the lien and the lamb now lie down side by side—the narrow gauge rail is laid within the broad; and at length the South Western hstva appeared at Plymouth, in the very heart of wh*t has so long been an exclusively broad gauge district. Brunei and Stephenson did not live to witness the termination of the long and animated conflict; they died in the autumn of 1859, within five weeks of each other, in the full maturity of their powers. But so far as the argument is concerned that the wider the gauge the greater the safety, it may be added that the expresses to and from King's Cross are quite as swift as those to and from Paddington; and that in country districts railways upon a gauge of three feet and even of two, are now found to be quite con* sistent with safe and rapid travelling. The House of Lords has not yet had many late sit- tings this session, for thus far bills have not come up very rapidly from the Commons; and early in the Par- liamentary year the Peers meet, ask a question or two of a Cabinet Minister, forward a bill or two on to the next stage in a formal way, and adjourn. The carriages which bring the Peers down to the House wait for them in Palace-yard and Parliament-square, and take them away again. If it be too early for dinner, as it frequently is, time is allowed for a drive in the Park, or a canter through Rotten-row. Her Majesty's faithful Commons are unable to take life quite so easily. When they go down to the House at four in the afternoon, it is impossible for them to form an estimate of the time of rising, and the only thing certain about the period is that it will not be for several hours. Horses and carriages, therefore, are not kept waiting, and members trust to the chance of getting a cab in Palace Yard at the time of the ad- journment. Occasionally, however, the supply is not equal to the demand, and on many a night the repre- sentatives of the people may be seen making their way home on foot from the Palace of Westminster.

THE "CASWELL." On Monday the examination of the Greek sailor Christo Bombos, charged with the murder of the master and officers of the bark Caswell, was commenced before the magistrates at Q ieensto«n. Mr. G n'mxn, Crown Solicitor, appeared lor the prosecution. The prUoner was defended by Mr. OConnell, solicitor, instructed by the Greek Consul, Mr. Juurdi. Mr. Joseph C trtwfight, of London, who appeared as interpreter OD the trial of the Lennie mutineer*, waa sworn as intepreter in thil case. The eVldence of Peter Macgregor, carpenter of the Caswell, occupied the entire day, and is thus reported in The Times ;— He shipped in the vessel when she went from Glas- gow on the 29th of June, and remained in her through- out. In reference to the murder he states that on the morning of the 4th of January he saw the captain on the poop. He was going forward with a piece of mar]in in his hand in the direction where Geerge Peno was working in the rigging on the starboard side. The captain began to <>how him with his fingers how to work the^'pieee of marlin, and Big George jumped down from the main rail to where the captain was standing. He threw his left hand across the captain's breast and with his right hand cut the captain across the stomach. The captain cried out, My God, my God!" three times. Then Joseph Pas- torie ran from the wheel with a revolver in his hand, and the boy Macdonald went to the wheel. The captain was bleeding, and his stomach was hang- ing out. All the Greeks and Maltese then rnshed for- ward. Witness saw a knife in the prisoner's hand. The brothers Pastorie had each a revolver, and Big George and Nicholas knives. Joseph Pastorie shot the captain in the head. The witness saw Joseph, Big George, Nicholas, and Bombos running on the poop, Bombos with a knife in his hand, ran to the port side of the hatch. He heard Joseph call the steward, who was below, and the steward, in answer to the can came up, and Joseph shot him through the head as he came on the deck. The steward ran round the companion, followed by George, who caught him by the hair of the head and stabbed him several times while Gaspar Pastorie shot him at the same time in the Bide from his revolver, and Big George stabbed him in the body with the knife. Then witness saw the second mate, M'Lean, run off the poop. Bombos was standing at the booby hitch, and as the second mate passed him he struck him twice with the knife in the back. The second mate ran forward to the main hatch, where John Dunne was standing, and then saw Bombos go across to where the captain waa lying, and make two drives with his knife at his body. The captain seemed to be alive at the time. Wit- ness saw blood flowing from the wounds of the second mate. Dunne took off his scarf and tied the second mate's arm; while he (was doing so, Big George, Nicholas, Jasper, Joseph, and Bombos, the prisoner, ran forward towards the second mate. The latter drew his arm away from Dunne, and he closed his door. They ran forward past my window, and witness heard cries of Ob, dear, oh, dear," three or four times. The mate was followed by the foreigners, who were armed with revolvers and knives. The cries ceased, and in a short time after- wards Big George and Bombos came to the door of witness's house, crying out, Carpenter, carpenter." They tried to force in the door, but they did not suc- ceed. Bombos looked in through the port and en- deavoured to push it in. The two Maltese afterwards joined Big George and Bombos, and a consultation followed in their own language. They then went away. After some time elapsed witness opened the door and went across the main hatch in order to give himself up to die with the rest. The four bodiea were then ranged across the main hatch, and the Greeks were standing by. The bodies were tied aboat a fathom apart, with a rope, and at the end of the rope a stream anchor was atttached. Joseph told witness to go down on his kneea in the blood of the victims, and he had to swear that he would help them to the best of his ability. Joseph struck him three times on the head with his heel, making use at the same time of the words, You black son of a— The bodies were then thrown overboard. The second mate and the captain appeared to be still alive. After they were thrown overboard the anchor broke away, and the dead bodies floated on the surface past the stern of the ship. Joseph gave us orders to wash down the decks. Big George, Jasper, and Bombos painted out the name of the Caswell from the stem and fore part of the vessel, and also out of the small boats. There was no name eubstituted. Witness was ordered after that td igo into the galley by Joseph, who was the only foreigner who could speak English well. Jasper threw overboard all the ware which bore the name of the Caswell. Nicholas, Big George, Jasper, and Joseph slept in the cabin afterwards, and Bombos, the prisoner, slept in the forecastle. Every one gave orders, but Joseph was the spokesman. Joseph said they were going to Valparaiso, and in a few days afterwards he said they were going to Buenos Ayres, as Jasper's wife was living there. Jasper one day came to the galley and advised him not to fall asleep as Big George wanted to kill him and the English and to go ashore as shipwrecked seamen. In about a fortnight after that, when they were at Cape Town, Joseph came to the galley and asked if he had an axe. He said he had not. Dunne was in the galley at the time. Witness was frightened Joseph was going to kill him. When the ship got off the River Plate the two Maltese left. They carried away in the long boat six bags of ship's property, a compass, and a musket, and offered to take a letter to the authorities of Rio in order to send out assistance. Tbe Maltese left theBhip about the 19th of February. It was the appren- tice M Donald who wrote out the statement. The witness went on to say that Jasper had stated the Greeks would land at the other side of the River Plate. Nicholas was navigating the vessel at this time with the assistance of Carrick, but after the Maltese left the ship Carrick was not consulted except when the Greeks found themselves in a difficulty. The wit- ness then related the incidents that occurred imme- diately preceding the second occurrence, which he fixed on the 12 th of March. On the 9th Big George threatened him with a knife which he drew across his throat in a menacing way. On the same evening Big George threw hot rice over the witness's face, and en the next day the Greeks threw pea soup at them. This was done, witness believed, for the purpose of aggravating them. On the night of the 10th of March, while wit- ness was keeping the look-out, Big George came to him and eaid he would "romper" him with hisknife if he did not keep a better look-out. He drew the the knife across his breast. Witness went forward, and told Carrick and the boy M Donald, who were in the forecastle, that he believed the Greeks were going to murder them. It was Carrier's watch below. Dunne was at the wheel at this time. Witness told Carrick to arm, and he went to a box and got the adze. Witness went to the galley and got the axe. They went aft to the poop, and as they did so saw Big George coming towards them with a knife in his hand. They met at the mizsen rigging. He was making at witness when the latter struck him with the axe in the head, and he fell., A noise was heard below, and Carrick, followed by the witness, rajj down into the cabin. Carrick attacked Bomboa and witness attacked Nicholas in the state-room. Nicholas fired at witnesS: A struggle ensued. Carrick gave Nicholas a "lick." Nicholas staggered, and as he was falling witness gave him another blow. It was dark when witness got on deck. Big George was rising with the knife in his hand, and Donne struck him on the back of the head. Bambos was on deck bleeding. He was taken into the carpenter's house, and everything that could be done was done for him. Big George and Nicholas died of their wounds two hours afterwards. Christo afterwards stated that the intention of the Greeks was to take the ship to Samos," and try and Bell her and the cargo quietly to a Greek merchant. If they did not succeed in that they in- tended to return, kill the English and sink the ship. After the Greeks were killed Carrick took charge and navigated her to this port. The prisoner, who said nothing, was remanded.

The bark Caswell, which left Qaeenstown on Thurs- day morning in last week, arrived at the Quay at Bristol on Monday morning. Police had to be stationed on her decks to keep off persons who, from shore and from boats, attempted to board her. Subsequently a notice was issued that visitors would be admitted, at a charge of sixpence per head, to inspect the scene of the struggle in the cabin, where James Carrick, the young Scotchman, and the carpenter and John Dunne overpowered the two mutineers, Christo and Nicholas. About 1,000 persons visited the vessel in this way in the afternoon, and it was announced that these admission of the public would be continued at certain hoars daily during the vessel's stay in Bristol, and that the proceeds would be given in aid of a fund b*»ing raised for tbe destitute widows and children. The Caswell, after discharging her cargo, will proceed to Swansea. Her master, Captain George Edward Best, has left a widow and three children in London.

An item from India says that the Wurora coal mines, in the Central Provinces, have been proved tooontain over 20,000,000 tons of coal at depths varying from 60 to A60 feet from the lurfaoe."

A CURIOUS POINT IN LAW. The rule in the case of Abbott v. Freeman," granted in February last, has been argued before the Lord Chief Baron, Barons Pollock and Huddleston, and was disposed of. It involves the point as to the liabUity of "11 auctioneer or seller of horses for injuries done through the restiveness of the animals being sold. The case was tried before Baron Pollack at GuÜdhaJ, when bis Lordship nonsuited the plaintiff, being of opinion that though there might be evidence of agency, there was no evidence of negligence for the jury. A rule was moved for and obtained on the part of the plaintiff, against which Mr. Lord showed cause. Mr. Powell, Q C., supported it. The plaintiff, a greengrocer, at Cambsrwell, had gone to Aldridge's Repository, in St. Martin's-lane, to purchase a horse. Not finding one to suit him, he was going away, with a catalogue in his hand, from the sale.yard, when a horse, led by a man with a long halter, came up. A man yi a white jacket, who was standing on the side of the wall, gave the animal a cut with a whip, whereupon the horse lashed out, and in. flicted serious injuries on the plaintiff's right thigh. It appeared there were about 150 or 200 persons present, that it was the custom to walk or show herses in this manner, and that the plaintiff had heard the aqtioneer cry out, Gentlemen, stand back It was contended for the defendant that there was no positive act of negligence, as it was customary to exercise horses inithat way, and a blow of the wbltwas requisite to make them trot and show their paces. Kicks and accidents of that sort must be expected by all who came there. The plaintiff well kaew the defendant's business, and sometimes horses kicked without any whip at all. It had been urged there should be some kind of bar, as at Tatteraall's, to pro- tect the bystanders. No such duty, however, lay on the defendant, who conducted his business in a reason- able and proper manner. The plaintiff had failed to make out his case. It was argued, on the other hand, that in an enclosed yard where horses were exhibited, some such precaution was necessary. At the trial the learned Baron had not allowed the plan of Tattersall's to be put in. Baron Pollock said that was because it was not pro- posed to show that this bar was the invariable or usual thing provided. Mr. Powell said it would have been a reasonable and proper course here. The whipper should have been on the side of the crowd, and not that of the wall, so as to make the horse swerve towards the wall and not towards the crowd. It was essential that these matters should have been left to the jury. The Lord Chief Baron said After consideration, and with reluctance, I differ from my brother Pollock, for whose opinion on this and on every other subject I have a sincere respect. It is one of those cases which, looking at all the circumstances, it is for a jury to determine. I don't lay down the rule that where a horee is exhibited for sale or having his paces tried it is an act of negligence to apply the whip. It may be a proper measure. Look at what occurred. People weie assembled in numbers in the yard. I don't say it was necessary in all cases to have a bar to preveut accidents. The horse was ten or twelve yards away from the plaintiff, who was walking away. It may have been necessary to apply the whip in order to make him trot. Then comes the question, how was it applied ? There is no precise evidence as to this but the plantiff must make out a case, and show that it was improperly applied; that it should have been so led by the man that it should not be able to break away over ten or twelve yards. Under the circum- stances, I think it was one or two things—either it was whipped with excessive violence to make it fly back, or it was an exceedingly vicious and irritable horse. This may not have been known to the defend- ant, but he ought to have known it or the horse ought to have been so held that the halter coold prevent its breaking away. It may have been a gentle toucb, it may have been a vicious and irritable horse, and the holder may have had control over it; nevertheless, on a blow it breaks away with violence. The facts should be submitted to the consideration of a jury. Every case of tbis kind should be decided on its own facts. There must be a new trial. Baron Huddleston was of the same opinion. The question is, Was there evidence of negligence for the jury ? Assume that the plaintiff was invited on to the premises and was leaving them in the ordinary way; while the defendant's business is being conducted in the ordinary course, a horse severely injures the plaintiff. The accident was caused by a blow of which a man is the author, who is acting in the place of a servant. It is for the jury to say whether that was the negligent act of an agent. My brother Pollock thought the man in the white jacket was an agent; but whether the horse was properly held or whether the man was in a proper place near the wall—all these are questions for the jury. Baron Pollock: I have the misfortune to differ from my Lord and my brother Huddleston, and I un. feignedly regret it, as it is desirable that there should be uniformity of views. There is a large class of cases in which you can start from the result and go back- wards. This is not a case which lay on the defendant to give evidence that he conducted his business pro- perly and that the plaintiff was careless. The plaintiff was properly on the defendant's premises. There was no question of contributory negligence for the jury. The fact of the plaintiff coming on the premises can not impose a greater duty on the defendant as to transact- ing his business than before. What is his position ? The plantiff knew it was a horse sale and that the ordinary incidents were liable to happen there, such as whipping and kicking. The place was built for the sale of horses, and involved some risk. As a first proposition, a man may choose what way he carries on his business provided he is careful. The plaintiff could have called the by- standers to prove that what was done was unusual or wrong, but there is an utter absence of such proof. The plaintiff cannot teach the defendant how to con- duct his business. What was the occasion ? A servant assisting at a sale whipped the horse. The defendant is entitled to assume, in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, that'it was an ordinarily quiet horse. Of its vice there is no evidence at all. Is the fact of whipping evidence o{ negligence ? Ought I to have so laid it down to the jury ? The plaintiff might have shown that the defendant knew of the vicious charac- ter of the horse; but he has not done so. Ought I to have told the jury that they were to assume because a man was kicked something unusual was done ? It is very dangerous to open the way to juries having the r sympathies worked on because a poor man has received possibly serious injuries. Rule absolute.

EXECUTION OF THE "LENNIE" MUTINEERS. In London, on Tuesday morning, at eight o'clock, the four prisonerp, Matteo Cargalis, alias" French Peter," aged 36 Giovanni Cacare" (" Joe the Cook "), aged 21; Pascales Caludos (" B:g Harry'): and George Kaida (" Lips "), 22, who were couvicted "vfc the last session of the Central Criminal Court of the wilful i murder of Stanley Hatfield, captain of the Lennie, wera executed within the gaol of Newgate. Although the prisoners were only formally convicted of one murder, it was clearly established that, by a de- liberate and preconcerted plan, they killed the captain, the chief mate, and the seotud mate of the vessel; and after their condemnation they de- clared their intention to have aho murdered the steward and a boy who was on board the vessel. Al- though the prisoners were desperate characters, and two of tbem, "French Peter" and" Big Harry," were more than suspected of having formerly been guilty of the crime of murder, it would appear from the statements of the prison officials that they have be- haved in a becoming manner since their conviction, and they all admitted the jastice of their sentence. The Archimandrite of the Greek Church, Dr. Myriantheus, administered the Holy Cammunion to the prisoners on Monday. The sheriffs (Messrs. Knight and Breffit), were in attendance at half-past seven o'clock on Tuesday morning, and very soon afterwards the prison bell began to toll. The Archi. mandrite and the Vice-consul of Greece, Mr. G. P. Lascardi, were with the prisoners, and accompanied them to the place of execution. "French Peter" wa9 the first who was led to the scaffold. He was followed by "Big Harry," then came "Lips," and "Joe the Cook." The caps were placed on their heads in the cells, but for some reason or other they were not pulled over their faces after the ropes had been adjusted. Big Harry smiled after he had been placed on the scaffold, and said something that sounded like Good bye," but the other prisoners did not say a word to each other. They all met their fate with firmness, and appeared to die without any severe struggle. At the moment of the execution a black flag was run up at the front of the gaol. The usual formal inquiry was subsequently held by the coroner.

The following is an extract from the account given by the Standard, of the execution of the unhappy men :— "From seven o'clock, a few persons gathered about the outside of the gaol, and they gradually increased as the hour of execution approached; but they never reached the numbers that hung about a few months since when Wain. wright was hanged. At half-past seven, those who were fur- nished with orders from the sheriff were admitted at the main entrance of the prison and conducted to the northern exercise yard, where, since the abolition of public exe- cutions, a permanent gallows has been erected in one corner under a white wooden shed. on the model appa- rently of a butcher's shambles in a country market. The fixed front of this pent-house is so high as to hide persons mslde—as high as the wllist-and in addition to that there is a sliding shutter which can be pushed upwards, so as to hide the Interior altogether. The yard was divided by a woodeu barder down the centre, ontlide which the ulembly —which was much more numerous than there was any occa- sh n for, three-fourths of those present having no other object than the gratification of morbid curiosity—*as permitted to stand those who had no business of course obstructing the view of those whose duty it was to publicly record what took place. AU that could be seen in the interval between admission to the yard and the advent of the prisoners were some four feet of the uprights, the square white beam of the gallows, with four strong iron clamps fattened round it, at lqual distances, and 16 or 18 inches of pendant chain, each having attached lome five feet of stout white manilla rope, firmly knotted to the chain at oue end, and with an eye splice and thimble in the other. At a quarter to eight a. m. the bells of St. Sepulchre commenced tolling, and a lew minutes before the prisoners appeared the chapel bell and the bell of the prison commenced the death knell. All in the yard uncovered as, preciseiy at tight o'clock, the heavy door lead- ing to the condemned cell swung back and the lugubrious pro- cession appeared. First came the Archimandrite in his robes, with the curious bulbous headgear appertaining to dignitaries of the Greek Chuch. Prayer Rook in hand, he was reading the burial service in the language of the prisoners. Then came the four men who were about to die, pinioned, and each wearing loosely on his head the cotton cap which usually is only placed over the face at the moment the executioner adjusts the ropes The hangman, Marwood, flitted about them, and, preceding them into the place of doom, mar. shalled each to his place under the fatal beam. French Peter' was posted farthest from the entrance door, then Big Harry,' next him Lips,' and Iut Joe the Cook.' The prisoners seemed cool and collected, and two of them, Big Harry and Lips, were seen to smile more than once during the brief interval that elapsed before they were lost to view. The moment they were under the beam, Marwood slipped the running end of the rope over their heads very deftly, and then stooping down fastened straps round their ancles. The governor passed in front of each, and seemed to put some formal question, and then the Archi- mandrite, who took his place inside the shed in front of tbe men, commenced a fresh portion of the service of the Greek Church, to which the men made responses in au audible tone. While this was going on, the prisoners' faces were seen tolerably well, and then it appeared that French Peter seemed to be somewhat nervous, and that Joe the Cook had a huge wen-like growth on the right side of his neck and throat. The awkward loose calico cap which each man wore slipped down over Lips's face, and he made motions with his head and hands to have it lifted up, and this was done by ene of the warders who were ranged at the back. The prayer being finished the caps were slipped over the men's faces, the rope was tightened, the thimble being left in front of the throat, and then, as the little group of gentlemen inside stepped clear of the platform, Marwood tugged at a lever hanole, the men dropped out of view of those outside the shad, the ropes tightened, there was a heavy thud, and all was over. The four ropes swayed a little from side to side before the bodies became stationary, but there was no vibration to indicate any struggling; and it was stated by one who was inside the shed that they seemed to die directly. It is not improbable that this was the fact, for the present executioner, Marwood, has greatly Improved on the practice of his predecessor, though it is open to doubt whether further modifications are not necessary. After the bodies had hung a few minutes, watched by those present, the governor, the sheriffs, the under-sheriffs, and the other privileged spectators left the shed, when the door was locked and the shutter pushed up nearly te the top. Mr. Alderman and Sheriff Knight were goed enough to make a short statement to the representatives of the press, but beyond that, no information was vouchsafed, and they were left fa a decidedly worse position than those whose coming was prompted by morbid curiosity. He laid that the gentlemen of trie press would be pleased to hear that three of the prisoners, B'g Harry being the exception, had Ogtalessed that they were participators In the crime of Whteh they had been convicted, and acknowledged the jastice of the sentence. Joe the Cook, however, persisted in asserting that he took pare in it under compulsion. They ail thanked the sheriffs for their attention, and the governor and the attendants for the kindness they had received since their condemnation."

AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS ACT. A Farmer writes to the Daily News" The Agricultural Holdings Act seems at present to be very much in the nature of a delusion, for it is found that nearly the whole of the landowners have contracted themselves out of its provisions. Make the Act com- pulsory, and there are many reasons why it should be of great benefit, alike to producer and consumer, and until this fact is made clear to the great mass of con- sumers, and their wishes and aid are brought to bear on the question, it must continue a useless measure, and the production of the country remain checked by the in security of tbe present yearly holdings, and I may add the leases; for how frequently doesit occur that a tenant spends two or three of the first years of a lease to re- plenish the exhausted condition of a farm, and then two or three years fair production, followed by another two or three years of exhaustion, cramping the energy of the tenant, and carrying on this national waste from term to term. Remove the difficulty referred to, by making tbis or some better Act compulsory, giving the required security, and you at once stimulate the energy and indace the outlay that will give the greatest result to the land this country is capable of, and thus add to the national comfort and wealth. But how hopeless does tbe chance of such a measure at present appear with the Houses of Parliament made up of such a preponderance of the landowners referred to. Again, how certain is it, if the people will only see and act in the common interest, that such men cannot long represent them.