The Aberystwith Observer

WASTE OF SEWAGE. The celebrated Mr. writes to The T<m« ..— Will any reasonable person believe that the available «iWodn!,e of 20,000 acres of cultivated land (which is ~]y consumption of the population of London) can be, frj^tinn P0"red lnto our noble Thames without ^f!fi.ot8HniODya qu d. n,?1»w»ce, but a large soUd deposit of disgusting muo especially when are added to it a portion from another 20 000 acres which weekly fe6rf n.,T rS„„ horses, and all this supplemented by vast quantity ofrefnse from oth«r sources. H lel 01 reIuae I fear that the mischtei already done to our noble stream is irreparahle-at least, fof many years—judging from the -condition of its mudbanks and water. Let us hope that the Thames Conservancy will compel the Metropolitan Board of Works ta apply this vast mass of "wealth to the production of food ion the people. No one doubts the benefit of the sheepfold, but Acts of Parliament .and compulsion are necessary to convince as that the man- Jold will produce equally valuable results.

DREADFUL MURDER OF A NOBLEMAN AT ST. PETERSBURG. For many years the capital of Russia has not been the scene of a crime so horrible as the one perpetrated at the end of last year in the Sparsky Pfit$vulok (writes a correspondent of St. Petersburg, under date Apt it 12). That case, which has been watched at St. Petersburgh and in the whole of the Russian empire with an unexampled morbid anxiety, has just been judged by the criminal court of St. Petersburgh, with the assistance, of jurymen. The new criminal proce- dure in Russia resembles very much the one used in France. On the very first day of the trial a compact crowd besieged the approaches of the court. Although no special ticket of admission had been distributed, all the available places in the court were occupied as soon as eight o'clock in the morning, and an enormous crowd stitioned outside to get a. glimpse at the prisoners. The trial was opened at half-past eleven; the presiding judge was M. Chamchine. Fifty-one witnefses had been summoned; but SlX of them did not aiiswtr their names; three were absent from St. Petersburgh, three were too ill to attend. The President exhorted the jurymen to dispel every pre- conceived idea, and to give their verdict merely on the evidence adduced at the trial. Then the Chief Clerk read the act of accusation, which I translate verbatim On the evening of the 19th of November, 1869, the super- annuated court councillor, Nicholas de Zohn, went to the Nobility Club, which he left by ten o'clock. Since that time he was missed, in spite of the most active searches of the police. On the 1st of January of the present year an artisan of St. Petersburgh, Alexander Ivanof, called at the office fit the detective police, and declared that M. de Zohn had been killed in his presence during the night of the 7th or the 8th of November, in the house belonging to Tour, situated in the Sparsky Pêrévulok, and in the lodgings of Maxime Ivanof, a burgess of St. Petersburgh; it was Maxime Ivanof who had committed the crime, with the assistance of persons living in his lodgings. M. de Zohn's corpse had been put in a trunk, and sent to Moscow by rail on the 8th of November. A telegram from Moscow confirmed that at the station of the Nicolai Railway there was a trunk which had not been claimed by anybody, and which had arrived on the 8th of November. That trunk having been opened, the corpse of a man was found in it. During the inquiries set about upon that crime, Alexander Ivanof, an artisan of 3t. Petersburgh the peasants Anthony Gratchef and John Fedorof, and the woman Alexandra Ardeief. a native of Cronstadt, acknow- ledged having taken part in M. de Zohn's murder, while Daria Tourbli e, the daughter of a soldier, avowed having concealed that crime. From the declaration of the above prisoners, it appears that in November, 1869, all of them, together with Alexandra £ <m6nof, the daughter of a non-commissioned officer, were living in the lodgings of Maxime Ivanof, where Helena Dimtrief, a native of Veliki-Louky, used to come occasionally. Daria Tourbine was the mistress of Maxime Ivanof. Alexandra Ardeief, gurnamed the Tall Sacha, and Alexandra Semenot, lurnamod the Little Saeha, were living upon pros- 1 titution. Maxime Ivanof provided everything for them, and in exchange they gave to him the produce of their shameful calling. The other persons were following no regular occupa- tion. Maxime Ivanof on several occasions expressed a wish to poison and then rob some of the men who were visiting his place with prostitutes. Moreover, he made experiments on cats and dogs by poisoning them with dissolutions of nitrate of silver and cyanide of potassium. On the 7th of November Maxime Ivaaof, Daria Tourbine, Alexandra Ardfiief, and Alexandra Semenof, went to the Eldorado, where they met with M. de Zohn, who was ac- quainted with Maxime Ivanof, whose place he frequented. On account of Alexandra Semfiuof, Maxime Ivanof told 1 M. de Zohn that be had at bis place a young virgin, Helena Dimtrief, and offered to give her to him for 30 roubles. M. de Zohn accepted the proposal. Then all of them went to Maxime Ivanof's firstly, Maximedvanof, to let the people know who remained at his place how matters stood, and also to Helena; then Alexandra ArdSief and de Zohn; lastly Daria Tourbine and Alexandra Semeoof. M. de Zohn was nearly tipsy. At Maxime Ivanot's, all, Including. Helena Dimtrief, sat down in the drawing-room round a table, and drank brandy and wine. which Anthony Gratchef had bought with the money M. de Zohn had given to Alexandra Ardeief Alexandra Semeoof, who was drunk, left and went to sleep In the kitchen. Maxime Ivanof tried to inebriate Helena Dlmtrief. She was shut in a bed-room with De Zohn, but would not consent to his wishes, and escaped to the kitchen, where she went to sleep at Alexandra S6m6nof s side. When the party was drinking Maxime Ivanof went several times to the kitchen, and said to Alexander Ivanof, Anthony Gratchef, and John Fedorof that Da Zohn ought to be poisoned; then he called Alexandra Ardeief, and ordered her to ascertain if De Z jhn had any money with him. A few minutes after that womfcn entered the drawing room, and said that M. de Zohn had no money, and that he could not pay Helena Dimtrief. De Zohn asserted the contrary, pro- posed a bet, and took out his money from his pocket. He reckoned 50 roubles; as to the remainder he had with him he did not reckon it, and he went into a bed-room with Alexandra Ardgief and went to bed. At that moment Alexandra Ard6iet took the money M. de Zohn had in Lis trousers, left the bed-room, and gave it to Maxime Ivanof M. de Zohn, upon perceiving that Alexandra Ard6ief had not returned, prepared te leave the house. Then Maxime Ivanof proposed to Alexander Ivanof, Anthony Gratchef, and John Fedorof to murder M. deZohn; but Daria Tourbine answered that It was enough, having robbed him of his money. Mean- time M. de Zohn left the place. However, he came again a few minutes afterwards, on finding that he had been robbed and requested Maxime Ivanof to return it to him wiiijDg|y' menacing him tttt In case of refusal be would fetch the police and make scandal. Maxime Ivanof answered that the mnDey was all safe—that it was a lark, and invited him to drink as a token of reconciliation. M. de Z )hB, who was druuk, sat on the divan without taking off his fur coat. Maxime Ivanof ran to the kitchen said that it was not any longer possible to allow M. de Zohn to go out, and with Alexandra Ardfi ef's assistance he poured into a copper mug some cyanide of potassium dissolved in a glass bottle. Alexandra Ardeief presented that mug to M de Zohn and told him to drink out of it; but he refused saying there was poison In it. Then Alexandra Ardfiief took a draught from her own mug, and said, "What a farce- Poison do you say? Look how I drink myself." Then she offered to M. de Zohn the mug containing the poison He had not drunk a gulp when he fell on the divan, murmuring Maxime Ivanof, you have poisoned me Then Maxime Ivanof ran again to the kitchen, and said — It is enued; my children, you can come" Alexandra Ivanof, Anthony Gratchef, and John Fedorof entered the drawing-room; Maxime Ivanof poured p iton into a small wine glass, and introduced a small dope of It into M de Zohn's mouth, which Alexandra Ardeief held open forcibly. Then Maxime Ivanof ordered John Fedorof to pass round M de Zohn's neck a leather ftrap prepared for the occasion and pull it with all his strength. M. de Zohn sank on the carpet but tried to get up, meantime looking most otrangelyat all his murderers. Maxime Ivanof said to him, SVeep, refresh yourself, sir." At the very moment Alexander Ivanof threw a woollen plaid upon his head, and John Fedorof, who had brought an iron from the kitchen, began to beat M de Zohn's head and chest with it. During ttiat time Grstchef was pulling the leather thong round M. de Zihu's neck with all his might, and Maxilllelvanof was holding his fect, anci pre- scribed to the others what they were t) do. Meat time Alexandra Ar^ef placed on the piano and sang, in order to deaden M. de Zohn's criee, should be be able t > do go. Daria T.,urbine was at the drawing-room door, and took no part in tiie murder. she fainted, and tsen tried to run nway, but she was prevented from learing. Alexandra £ £ m&nof and Helena Dimtrief were asleep. After the asiasalns had made cure that M. de Zohn was dead they atrlpped'him and washed out the marks of blood; then'tbey carried' the corpse into the bed-room and shut It in. The next day Maxime Ivanof and Alexander Ivanof sold the garments of M. de Zohn at the Apraxim and Alexander markets—a fur coat, a fur cap, a coat, a pair of trousers, a gold watch, a pair of eye glasses, a pair of shoes, a pair Of goloshes, a silver cigar-case, a gold chain, a pin, ae, Afterwards they bought a large portmanteau of yellow leather, in which M. de Zohn's corpse was placed by Anthony Gratchef and John Fedorof, in Alexandra Ardfiief's presence. The corpse was dressed in a shirt, a waistcoat, a pair of drawers, and a black neckerchief. The leathern thong was still tied round the neck. The empty places in the port- manteau were filled up with rsgsand hemp it was tied up with a rope, on which they affixed many seals of red wax. The produce of the sale of M de Z)hn's effects was divided by Maxime Ivanof among the accomplices of the crime, who received 10 roubles 30 col,ocks each but by order of Maxime Ivanof, every < ne gave back four roubles to John Fedorof, who was to bring the corpse to Moecow. there to get rid of it in any way. In the evening the portmanteau containing the corpse was brought in a cab to the station of the Nicholas Railway. John Federof accompanied the portmanteau, and he was followed by Maxime Ivanof and Alexander Ivanof. It was forwarded under the assumed name of Koltzof. As soon as Maxime Ivanof came back home he burnt the receipt of the railway. The same evening Maxime Ivanof went to the Eldorado as usual, with a lot of women. Therefore, to recite the act of accusation, Maxime Ivanor, 26 j ears of age, is accused of having, with the assistance m accomplices, whose acts he directed, committed, on the 7tih of November la-t, a voluntary homicide on the person of the superannua'ed C urt Councillor De Z )hn, In order to rob him of his money and effects Alexandra Ard 6ief, 18 years of age; Alexander Ivanof, 20 years; J< hn Fedorof, 21 years; Gratcner, 16 years, are accused of being accomplices of that murder Daria Tourbine, 19 years, is aecuted of having coneealea. that crime, which she witnessed without participating in it-

THE CONTAGIOUS DISEASES ACT AND THE CIVIL POPULATION. A crowded meeting was held on Friday evening, in last week, at the Plymouth Mechanics' Institute to hear an addreas from the Rev. Dr. R tie, a Wesleyan minister, upon the origin and working of the Contagious Diseases Act. The meeting was open to all adult male inhabitants of tbe three tpwBS, but ladies were not expected, and children not aiualt^d." The Rev. H. A. Greaves occupied the chair. The Jiev. pro Rule gave a history of the Act, and contended that therp was no necessity for it. By the operation of the measure the liberties of England were outraged the sanctity of women and the manhood of man Wpje actually trampled upon. It it was extended to the civil population no one could say what the cost would be. Tha Rev. Pr. Stock had soma to the conclusion that the Act was wife, righteous, and desirable. It waR said that they did wrong if they attempted to remove the Penalty attached to sin. Well, according to the Bible, all disease was attributable to sin, so that that argument would lead them to disregard medical aid *°8ether. But they did not do that even in the ca*e wnere the dise&ne was direfitly traceable to the evil habits of the ifidividu; Thwy treated a maa under delirium <? <m<)M, though it had been brought on by drink. But his chief consideration was for the temporal and eternal welfare of the women themselves, who were taken down to a premature grave. Then they should recollect, also, what dire ravages were committed upon theinnocent, how virtuous wives were contaminated, and how innocent children were doomed to drag out a miserable existence. (Applause and confusion.) That the Act had worked well in the three towns he could assert, having been from the first associated with the management of the hospital; and a very large percentage of the poor women who had passed through that institution had been reclaimed. He had never heard from first to last on the part of any one a tingle complaint. The rev. gentleman repu- diated the idea that the Act increased sin. If young men were only restrained from evil by the fear of physical consequences, from a moral point of view • heir abstention was not worth much but he did not believe that in these cases people were restrained by any such considerations. Confusion prevailed during great part of Dr. Stock's speech. Mr. Balkwill did not say the Act was perfect, but he believed its principle was right, and that they should endeavour to remedy its defects. They eould not put down vica by legislation and when people talked about taking away these women's liberty, it should be remembered that they removed them also from fearful sins and temptations. Mr. Woollcombe trusted that those who had known him for many years would give him credit for stating to them that which was simply tbetru-h, and ha.d come undtrr his own daily observation for between four and five years. He believed, and he unhesitatingly declared it, that although tha Contagious Diseases Act was not perfect, yet it was a step in the right direction, and was calculated to bestow the greatest blessings upon this country. He to 'k the fullest and widest responsibility of those words. It had been said by a gentleman on the platform that it bad not been successful in a medical point of view. That he entirely denied. Men who stood boldly forward to support the Act were entitled to the support of their Christian brethren, because they were engaged in a Christian work. The Act was not intended for any purposes of punishment or regu- lation, but in its working they had been enabled to produce a great and beneficial change for the class of women for whom they had had a great deal of false sympathy expressed, but whom, he believed, gentlemen did not understand at all.. He had been asked whether he was prepared to extend the Act to the civil population ? At that moment he was not prepared. But he believed before long it would be received by the public generally as a necessity, and when public opinion was ripe for it he would be prepared to go on with it. In London, on Monday evening, a public meeting was held in the Berners Hall, Islington, to protest against the Contagious Diseases Acts. The meeting was addressed by Sir G. Grey, Mr. John Chap. man, and others, and the following resolution was adopted:— "That this meeting desires to protest against the Con- tagious Diseases Acts on the ground that they give a legal sanction to immorality, iLcrease the vice which they are designed to suppress, and expose innocent women to shame- ful perils; and that this meeting farther expresses its eamett hope that Mr. William Fowler's bill for the repeal of these acts will speadily pass into law." A petition to parliament against the acts and in favour of the bill for their repeal, to be introduced by Mr. Fowler, was also adopted.

AN INDIAN ADDRESS. The Indians of Victoria and White Fish Lake have pre- pared an address to be presented to the flnt governor of the North-West. The following translation of it has been forwarded to the Missionary secretaries at Toronto (says the Toronto C!o&<) :— We, the undersigned Crees and mixed-bloods of Vic toria and White Fish Lake resolved in our council to send this paper to our great father the new governor of our country. Great Chief! We welcome you and your people to the home of our fathers. We are the friends of the white man, and are anxious that no trouble may ever arise between your children and ours. Great Chief! This paper speaks our minds, but some think differently. They have not been instructed, and, we wish to tell you the whole truth, they are afraid that when the white man comes our hunting grounds will be destroyed, and our lands taken for nothing, and we and our children left to perish. These are their thoughts, and these thoughts might make mischief. They see the gold workers along our rivers, and some settlers making gardens on our lands, and these men have not asked our leave. Now we have had ro trouble with the miner or the gardener, and we shall try and have none; but there are foolish people amongst us who might bring us into trouble. Great Father! Changes are coming over the Plain Indians. The long knives from the South are fast approaching. The buffalo tracki are growing over with grass, and there are people who travel our country and tell us foolish things. All this disturbs the minds' of the natives. Great Father! We ask that wise men may be sent to our councils to tell us what you wish to do with our lands, and how much we are to keep for ourselves and our children. Also how the Indian must behave toward the white man, and how the white man is to treat the Indian. Let these things be done very soon, and a great weight will be lifted from our minds, and we believe the danger of trouble taken away from our country.

THE ROMAN CATHOLICS AND THE Alaree E.DUCATI0N BILL. chefter °i* t^le ^oman Catholies of Man- FfW-tad. Hall, Mftnchester, to adopt a series'^ consider the question of education, ment Education Kill1"6 J1^10118 respectU3? G"overn" posed commute* 3 protest against the pro- Tn the ahR*n~ monastic and convent inquiry, vicar-general. -1 ^shop Turner, Provost Croskell, the platform th^r? 1 tr> the chair- There were on Slv of Sleif Duke of Norfolk- Lord Howard, and district. Lord HU g C'athohc cleTsy and laity of the "That this m.2i *1PrOPOeed &nt resolution tbat the denomi,iut? des,lres to record Its decided conviction present use is the h0»f a!t*ystem of education that is in requires extension ,ft(i t0 thil country, and that it only classes of the wornJ, maka 1(1 applicable to all cases and that as Catholic* R8 Population; it also further declares Catholic children'of f £ ar.' aPProve of none that will deprive principles ot the Cathohc faith"0 education acoordinS to the He wished to saw r 1 the proposed insS JnT word» uP°Pn^e question of „„„B that th;« of convents. The meeting was "NTewdegate for t?ues^lon was kindly taken up by Mr. Sg g00d °f the Catholic. (Hisses and stents intiTl W?e other convents than Catholic islcwdegate had i °T j^ hut he did not think that Mr. J "No") JC^?ded them in his motion—(laughter, a" _0ft^re were other things which be Sirvears ailla tho 8C0P« of his proposed inquiry. art of England ^a,8 an establishment in a remote U.1 bv the n» ,(«h he believed was still continued, °*Kv know IT? the Anemone. He did not C r heen a m *u institution was because he had ?hlt if Mr Newdpo't ^»ik (lauShter)—but he thought be worth bf ? cun06lty extended so far, it 3?w trview of lle perhaps to include it also in the purview of his committee. ^^Brmuorfced seconded the resolution, which u*8 «■ Pollese ^ather Purbrich, rector of Stonj- hurst College, and was unanimously adopted. The ev anoa Toole moved the second resolu- tion n'Jwho^are averse"18 that the tlme come ,or aU Per- tn declarb their ° 8»Paration of religion from educa- that-la °° doing, it expresses the Fd 11 p ti^ D M0ae amendments which are pro poserioJitheEducatitJnBai. the efTect of which would be to brnig that s^^tion about, by prohibiting religious instruo J!U' Ld k 4 0118 with whloh Catholics cannot comply; anH that the chairman be requested to sign a peti- tion to the House oflCommons praying for the consideration of these resolutions. The Rev. Canon Kershaw seconded the resolution, which was adopted unanimously. It was agreed to transmit a petition to Parliament in accordance with this and the previous resolution. Mr. Wilkinson then moved the third resolution :— That this meeting of Catholics cannot separate without recording its indignant protest against that interference with their religious economy and institutions which is threatened by the proposed committee of monastic and convent inquiry; that we brand it as an infringement of personal liberty, which is prompted purely by religious hatred; and that we request the chairman to sign a petition praying the House of Commons to reject this renewal of religious persecution against us." Mr. H. Tijou seconded the resolution, which was unanimously adopted, and a vote of thanks to the chairman terminated the proceedings.

WILLIAM BOUPELL AT PORTLAND. In giving a description of convict life at Portland, to which prison the Prince of Wales paid a visit on Tuesday, the Sherborne Journal alludes to the life of the convict Roupell, formerly M.P. for Lambeth, who has been at Portland during the past six years. Our contemporary says:— Roupell seems to have looked tkvwards when ever he had the chance, and proved himself so different to the majority of prisoners that he was entrusted with the position of hospital nurse. Here he was very attentive to the poor.wretches who came in. One young convict was very ill, and there was every likelihood of his dying, the doctors having very little hopes. To this young fellow Roupell, as he did to others, gave every instruction, and directed him how to prepare for the great change. But the ex-M.P. was practical in matters of this life, and sat up with him night afternight, bestow- ing such attention upon his fellow-prisoner that eventually the latter recovered. On the 5th instant an inquest was held at the prison on a convict who had died of cancer of the lung, and Roupell was called in to give evidence, which he did in such a decorous and intelligent manner as quite won the compassion of the coroner and the jury. After the witnesses had retired, and the verdict had been returned, a conversation to(,k place between the governor, the coroner, and the jury. Mr. Clifton said that Roupell was worth a thousand of the others in his position as nurse. The governor also went on to tell of the attention bestowed by him on the sick convicts, of his tfforts for their temporal and spiritual welfare, and said that his letters to his friends were so full of tru,e religious feeling that they were well worthy of being published. The gover- nor said that if ever a criminal had been reformed, it was Roupell; but unless a special repriove were granted he could not be liberated until he had erved 21 years at least. Thlj jury also compassionated Roupell. In the opinion of the coroner it would be a great credit to any government to be merciful in this case, and allow Roupell to go free; for the convict was reaJly penitent, and had shown himself anxious to do all the good he could, and that not only during his hours of duty, but night after night, as well as day, doing all that one man could do for another. The governor and the officers while agreeing that Roupell was a most useful person in the prison, said that he was in delicate health, and thin strongly increased the wishes for his release.

IMPORTANT TO INTENDING EMIGRANTS. In a recent report of the New York Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor we find a state- ment made, regarding the distress prevailing among the Working classes of that city, which will not a little astonish those who suppose that labourers have but to emigrate to America to secure a competency for life. It is asserted—and the assertion seems to be accepted by the press generally as correct-that early in Decem- ber last it was estimated on trustworthy data that 50,000 men, and at least as many girls and women, dependent on their daily toil for subsistence, were without employment in the city of New York. High as the wages appeared cf those who had work the report adds, the purchasing power of these wages was not commensurate with the increased cost of living. The seemingly ample remuneration of labour fails to put the labouring classes in as favourable a position as they occupied before the war. Commenting upon this statement, the Freetrader offers in explanation of the lamentable state of affairs depicted in it the following facts. Previous to 1868, the port of New York sustained not less than twenty SJf.at shipbuilding yards, employing, with the sub- "diary trades—joinery, Fparmaking, sailmaking, and the lite—not less than 20,000 skilled mechanics and 1,000 apprentices. At the present time these yards have either ceased to exist or they are lying idle. In- stead of 20,000 skilled mechanics, shipbuilding and the trades subsidiary to it are not now furnishing employ- ment to 1,000, nor are there 100 apprentices now serving their time to those trades. This state of things, the Freetrader assures us, is not confined to New York. The Albany and Troy stoneworks have a|so been closed; and in Chicago, the centre of the Western corn-growing regions, 30.000 men are out of employment. The protectionist tariff is, of course, the cause. Ships cannot be built, although they enjoy the benefit of an absolute prohibition of all foreign competition, because theycost fully half as much again as in the British provinces or on the Clyde. And as ships cannot be built, not only those directly employed on the construction of ships, but the sail and spar makers. the engine makers, and the copperers also are thrown out of werk. The duty on iron, amounting to eleven dollars a ton. increases the cost of every article made of that metal 55 per cent. With reference to the diminished purchasing power of money, the Freetrader states that the duty on wool- lens averages 53 per cent., and in some instances reaches 160 per cent being highest on the coarsest kinds, it consequently doubles the price of the stout goods worn by the poor. Again, Nova Ssotian coal could be sold in Boston for abont six dollars a ton, while Pennsylvanian coal costs eight dollars a duty of two dollars is, therefore, imposed on foreign coal, and the price of fuel to the operative is thereby in- creased nearly 40 per cent. The duty on lumber is 20 per cent., that on window-glass is upwards of 70 per cent. Increased cost of materials increases the cost of houses, and, of course, also raises the rent of tene- ments.

HAWKERS' LICENCES. Lord Kinnaird has addressed the following letter to the Chancellor of the Exchequer Rossle Priory, April 22. Dear Mr. Lowe,-Your non-residence in the country pro- bably accounts for your under-estimating a serious evil, or rather an aggravation of an existing evil, likely to be the consequence of your proposal to abolish the Hawkers.' Licence. Reducing the amount paid for a licence on a former occasion had the effect of adding considerably to the number of hawkers, and if no licence be required they wili spread like a host of locusts over the country. It would cer- tainly diminish the number in poorhouses, as any who have the power of locomotion would provide themselves with a basket, and thus great encouragement will be given to vagrancy. In theory your proposal may be thought to benefit the poorer classes, but in practice it will be the reverse. In "ay*, when the means ot communication were scant, doubtless hawkers conferred a benefit on persons residing at a dittance from a town or village; but now that these are reached with so much greater facility the case is alttred, except in rare instances in the Highlands of Scotland. Even the small shopkeepers in the country can hardly exist, purchasers Ju g *^e market town, where the choice is greater ana the profit made In the village shops is saved. The country shopkeeper, who, as it is, has to stand competition wl_ the inferior goods of the hawkers, would be a great sunerer' by your proposal, for the number of hawkers would be greatly increased. They already swarm in the country, and as a claps bear a very disreputable character, carrying off all they can lay their hands upon. They are Known to be receivers of stolen goods, and several instances have come under my notice where they have instigated farm servants and agricultural labourers to acts of dis- honesty. gome small shopkeepers in towns take out a hawker's licence and send a man with inferior goods through the country, professing to let their unfortunate dupes have great bargains, under a promise to receive pay. ment by instalments—watches, for instance, are frequently offered, and prove a great temptation to young lads, and the parents find at the term that their wages are arrested for their eons' debts In Cornwall, and I believe bi other counties in England, summonses before the County Courts for debts to hawkers, contracted by the wives and daughters of miners and others, are very frequent, and many girls faU victims to these unprincipled gentry, who get them into their power. I hope you will be induced to inquire into the circum- stances connected with hawking, as although you may still persist in your proposal, something might be done to check the indefinite increase of this public nuisance, and at all events to make credit irrecoverable by law.—Yours faith- fully, KINNAHID. The Right Hon. Robert Lowe.

CUTTINGS FROM AMERICAN PAPERS. When a girl "gets a young woman," she mostly wants to get a young man as well. Vegetation is so scarce at Cape Cod, that two green leaves and a whortleberry bush is called a grove. A comic paper bai been started in Utah with the astonishing title of The Keepapilchinin. Its name is indi- cative of its nature, which any fellow can understand. The Mayor of Fort Gaines, Ga., recently adjourned a session of the council by knocking two aldermen and the clerk under the table. The Clevtland Herald thinks the marriage service should be changed to read, Who dares take this woman and the groom shall answer,' I dare. A Mrs. Woodhull having nominated herself a candi- date for the presidency of the United States, a correspondent asks:—"Is she willing to acknowledge herself over 85, the age prescribed by the constitution ?" A Cincinnati paper insinuates that the officers of a ferry-boat made no effort to save a man who fell overboard until they found out he had not paid his fare. They made a desperate dive for him and the two cents then. Some time since, a gentleman died who, during life, refused to believe in any future punishment. Two or three weeks after his demise his wife received, through a medium. a communication, which read as follows:—" Dear wife, I now believe. Please send me my thin clothes and a barrel of ice-water." Since the story has been told of how Judge Brecken- ridge married a girl whom he saw jump over a rail fence with a pail on her head, all the girls in Orange county, New York, are said to spend their time in watching the road, and when they see a carriage approaching with a man in it they seize their pails and go for a fence. This is called a Colorado romance :—Seven miners exploring the mountains, found an enormous chunk of gold. They fought for its possession until all were killed but one. It was too heavy for him to carry off, so he sat down beside it and starved to death. How the information as to the circumstances was afterwards gleaned from the dead all around is not quite evident. The Pittsfield and North Adams Railroad, in Massachusetts, is not remarkable for speed. As a train on it recently came to a dead halt a passenger exclaimed, "Well, I wonder what we've stopped for now!" Why," explained a fellow-traveller, it's to take the cow-catcher off the engine and put on behind, to keep the cows from running over us." It was a most painful misprint, or rather the slipping of the m back to the word The," in a Democratic paper that made a Democratic orater in the New York Legislature exclaim, Them asses of the Democratic party are jealous of any infringement upon popular rights." It was probably meant to be the masses; but the reader buys his paper and takes his choice.

j EPITOME OF NEWS, BRITISH AND FOREIGN. During Easter week 48,043 persons visited South Kensington Museum. The current expenses of the Mexican Governmen are more than double its income. It is stated in Dublin that at a meeting of the Privy Council, held on Monday, it was resolved to place portions of eight counties under the Peace Preservation Act. Two serious fires have juit occurred in the neigh- bourhood ofMulhausen. One, at Barnhaupt-le-Haut, burned for two days, and destroyed fifteen cottages. The sixteenth anniversary of the Emperor of Austria's marriage has been celebrated ty a pardon for all persons who have offended against the press laws. Prayers for the repose of the soul of the late Mr. George Henry Moore, M. P., were offered on Sunday in the majority of the Roman Catholic churches of the metropolis. It is stated that the Duchy of Cornwall has disposed of its fishery rights In the river Tamar to the Duke of Bed- ford for £ 2,000. The Ltvant Herald announces the death of Bishop Kingsley, of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States. He died suddenly while travelling. The Worcester magistrates have fined a man 5s. with lis. costs, for being drunk while riding a bicycle, and being incapable of managing the same. When the Emperor of the French heard of the death of the Duchess de Berri, he said:—" If I only get as many as six millions of votes I will permit all the Royal exiles to return to France." y got as The Germans have invented a paper dinner napkin, upon which popular songs or piano music is printed. It is a pretty idea after dinner to take a soup-soiled article to spread on the piano. The harmonium is, we are told, making rapid strides in France as a "domestic musical companion." This must be a delicate and indirect way of ringing the changes on the word "wife." It was Lord Denbigh, and not Lord Derby, who by drinking the health of the Prince of the Asturias at Rome in a somewhat ostentatious manner, offended the Spanish newspapers. A Mr. Macnay, a Scotchman residing in Nenagh, where be retails boots aud shoes imported from Glasgow, has received a threatening letter warning him not to continue to starve the Nenagh shoemakers. An important discovery is said to have been made at Jerusalem. It Is an old stone, bearing the figure of a god sitting on a throne with priests on both tides, and a Hunyaritish inscription, two lines in length, which had been brought from Yeman. During the recess, the House of tommons has lost three of its members. Mr. G. H. Moore has been removed by death, Mr. Munster has been unseated, and Mr. Henniker- Major called to the Upper House in consequence of the death of his father, the late Lord Hennlker. Early in May, a great public demonstration of the working classes of the metropolis is to take place, in sup- port of the National Education League amendments to the Government Education BilL The principles of compulsory attendance and unsectarian teaching are to be insisted upon. A deputation, comprising about fifty of the directors and managers of the principal railways north of the Thames, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer in Downing-street, on Monday, upon the subject of the passen- ger's duty on railways. During the seven days following the announcement of Mr. Lowe's arrangements for the new financial year, no less than £ 200,000 was received at the London Custom House as duty on tea. This large amount was collected on 15,000 entries. There is no truth whatever in the report recently published in several newspapers to the effect that the Queen and the Princess of Wales were last week placed in danger of meeting with an accident from the circumstance ot a waggon being run away with on the road near Osborne. In the French papers the Plebiscitum is the one sub- ject of discussion, all other topics being completely forced Into the background by It. The Temps says that the general impression is In the highest degree unfavourable, nothing being heard on all aides but disapprobation and bitter criticism of this act of personal power. The Pope has conferred on the Marquis of Bute the Grand Cross of Gregory XVL He will receive an audience to return thanks when he comes back from a yachting cruise in the Mediterranean. The marquis has sent the Pope an Easter offering of 10,000 fr. Before the ink of the fifteenth amendment proclama- tion was dry, General Grant received a note from a member of the press asking for the pen with which he signed it. It was sent immediately, and before he left the ante-room he was offered 50 dollars for it. At a luncheon given at Auckland to his Excellency the Governor on board her Majesty's ship Liverpool, the plate chest of her Majesty's ship Phabe, was accidentally dropped over, but after considerable trouble was recovered by means of diving. A paper, recently read before the Berlin Academy, confirms the observation that strychnine, when administered during the profound torpor induced by chloral, counteracts the poisonous effects of that substance and causes the animals to revive without Inducing any spasmodic move- meat. The death is announced of the Hon. Mrs. Isabella Sophia Whately, sister of Lord Chancellor Pepys, first Earl of Cottenham, and aunt of the present and late peers. The deceased lady was the daughter of Sir William Weller Pecys, Bart., Master in Chancery, and was born in 1780. She married in 1813 the Rev. Thomas Whately, rector of Chetwynd, Shropshire, who died May 10, 18(H. The Duke de Crillon, aged eighty-eight, ex-Peer of France. General of Brigade, Knight of the Order of St. Louis, Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour, and the last represen- tative of one of the noblest families in France, is just dead. He leaves four daughters, the Duchess Pozzo di Borgo, the Duchess de Caraman, the Marquise de Chanaleilles, and the Countess de Levis Mirepoix. Le Petit Journal states that the Prefect of Police in Paris is in the habit of giving rewards, as an encouragement, to the coachmen of hired carriages as well as to the coachmen and conductors of omnibuses who have in the current year given proof of the greatest integrity in bringing back property left in their carriages owing to forgetfulnoss. Since 1869 the number of articles thus left amounts to 2T, 189, and a list of tbe names of those rewarded by the published. They received rewards varying from 100 to 200 francs. Au ingenious American mechanic, by name Trufton, has just finished one of the most wonderful miniature models ever seen. It is that of a steamboat, and the whole ot the metal out of which it is made weighs exactly as much as a half dollar! The cylinder is the lixteenth part of an inch in diameter, and in the same proportion is the whole of the liliputian fabric; the boiler can just hold eight drops of water, the half of which quantity slices to keep the machine many minutes in motion, so perfect is every minute detail. The Memorial Diplomatique contains the following alarming paragraph We regret to *#&rn that Queen Isabella, seeing her resoimses diminish daily, has been forced to effect retrenchments in ner already modest mode of living, and that if her' son is not restored to the throne of Spain, her j be in so precarious a position that the r-niperor and Empress of the French will be under the necessity of allowing her a pension." Accordingto the PhotographicNews, the oft-reiterated statement that the eye of a dead animal has impressed upon it an image of the last object seen in life has been the subject of serious investigation in Germany. Americans have gone so far as to state that tte eye of a murdered man had been found in which a portrait of the murderer was distinctly traceable. In the investigation in question the eyes of thirty different animals, all of which had been killed with a view to subtequent examination, were carefully inspected, but in no case was there any evidence discovered to warrant the statement referred to. Sir J. Karslake has applied to the Court of Queen's Bench for a rule calling on the Attorney-General to show cause against a new trial of Dr. Kinglake, who had been convicted at the Somersetshire Assizes of bribing the electors at Bridgwater. The application was made on the ground that the evidence of Mr. Lovibond, who had also taken part In the offence of which Dr. Kinglake was cenvicted, should not have been allowed to go to the jury. A long discussion took place on the point of law, but ultimately the court re- fused to grant the rule. On the question whether Dr. King- lake should be held liable for acts committed after his de- parture from the town on the day of the Bridgwater eiection, the matter was remitted to the judge who presided at the ttial The latter point can have no effect, however, In disturbing the verdict. King Victor Emmanuel hM had am attack of fever, accompanied by scarlatina, but he is now recovering. The expenditure of the health committee of the Liverpool Corporation was JM4,000 less in 1M9 than in IMS. During the past week 43 wrecks have been reported, making for the present year 642. The halfpenny posts ge-etamp on newspapers and book packets will come into operation on the 1st of Oeteber next. The Queen haa granted the Dean of Winchester dispensation from all attendances at the Cathedral, on ao- count of his advanced age. In Canada the apprehensions of the Fenian raid ap- pear to be subsiding. A number of the regiments which had been called out are being disbanded. A telegram from Calcutta states that a shocking earthquake was experienced at Dacca, on Friday the 22nd. It was of a violent character, but no lives are reported lost. The newest style for dressing the hair is called The Cleopatra." The hair is brushed high off the forehead and braided low in the neck, surmounted by a large imitation snake, which is coiled around the bead.-N ew York Sun. A sad accident is reported from Bombay. A piw- nlc party, which included several officers, was returning home in an omnibus, when the vehicle upset against the parapet of a deep well. Three ladies were killed on the spot, and all the other persons were injured. During the week ending April 16, the number of messages forwarded from postal telegraph stations in the United Kingdom was 157,807, or a decrease of 11,755 on the figures of the previous week. This was due to the small amount of business transacted on Good Friday and the fol- lowing day. There is a well-known custom in England by virtue of which the birth of triplets is acknowleoged by a Royal gift to the mother. They manage these matters differently at Bonny. A correspondent saw a woman drummed out of the town for having twins It is stated that Mr. Charles Edwards, of Dolserau, having offered to place his residence, near Dolgelly, at the disposal of the Queen, if her Majesty should decide to visit North Wales during the summer, Sir Thomas Biddulph has written to Mr. Edwards, thanking him for his offer, bat stating that the visit has not yet been decided upon. Upwards of 5,000 emigrants'! sailed from Liverpool during the seven days ending Friday last inclusive. The destination of the great majority of them was New York, about 1,800 sailing for Boston and Quebec. Of those who belonged to the British Isles, by far the largest proportion were English, the Irish being next, and the Scotch being comparatively few. John Crow, who was sentenced to five years' penal servitude for the murder of his wife at Gateshead, and the petition on whose behalf, presented by Sir William Hutt, failed, died on Saturday in Durham Gaol. He had been un- well, and expired shortly after hearing of the failure of the petition. A conference of schoolmasters, convened by the Bir- mingham Educational Union, assembled on Saturday, the Earl of Harrowby presiding. The meeting came to three conclusions-that there was practically no religious diffi- culty, that the schoolmaster was the proper teacher of re- ligious truth in the school, and that a time-table conscience clause was impracticable. The rules and regulations for the Queen's Prize and the St. George's Challenge Vase has been issued by the Na- tional Rifle Association. The annual prize meeting will commence on Monday. July 11, on Wimbledon Common, and will be continued until the evening of July 22. The usual presentation of prises and the review will take place on the following day. Dr. Tyler Smith, under whose care Lady Mordaunt has been since the late trial, writes to say that the following paragrapn in the Lancet is erroneous, but in what respect he does not state L'lèy Mordaunt continues in much the same health she has had for many months, her mental con- dition being neither perceptibly aggravated nor perceptibly relieved." An act of desperate violence has been committed in the house of Baron Gros Paris. Two of the servants, the maitre-d'hdtel, named iioret, and a footman, Caillard, were continually quarrelling, and on the day in question, after a violent altercation, the former, who was in a state of intoxi- cation, suddenly plunged a knife into the bowels of the other. The criminal suffered himself to be arrested without resist- ance, whilst the wounded man was taken to an hospital, where he has since died The government of the United States has ordered tests to be applied to all drugs which are imported and pass through the Custom House. This step has become indispensable in consequence of the monstrous frauds com- mitted in the drug market. A similar process established at our ports, not only in respect to drugs, but tea and most other articles of general consumption, would be esteemed a great boon by the public. At a meeting of the "Queen's Institute" for the Education and Employment of Women, held in Dublin last Friday, a resolution was carried, declaring "that the talent and enterprise shown by Irishwomen as students of the Queen's Institute deserved encouragement, and that the best means of promoting their interest as art labourers would be to establish in the county a public museum of art products on the plan of South Kensington. A disgraceful outrage was perpetrated at Abington, county Limerick, on Sunday night. A number of men entered through a window into a Protestant church which is being built there, and demolished everything in the way of ornament in the building. A magnificently carved pulpit, which was erected at conaiderable cost, has been almost entirely demolished, and the greater portion of the stone- work, particularly that comprising the chancel, has been more or leu mutilated. At the Liverpool police-court on Monday, Price Edwards, a barber, was charged with cutting the throat of Private M'Conville, of the 4th Drageon Guards. Edwards was visiting the barracks on Saturday, and offered to shave M'Conville. and while doing so inflicted a serious gash on the soldier's throat. The barber took to flight, but was arrested by the sentry. He pleaded that he had committed the act for a lark." He was remanded. Mr. Joshua Fielden, M.P., and his two brothers, ( have addrer sed a letter to the Todmorden Board of Guardians offering to hand over to trustees of their own choice. £ 8 000, for the erection of cottage hospitals for the use of the poor and infirm, and not as tests of destitution. Amongst other things, they state that they feel satisfied If a workhouse be erected as proposed, the poor-rates will be increased in amount, and the result will be more paupers, more vagrants, more crime, and more policemen. By the mere touch of the Insecticide- Vicat," (a French invention, in the form of a powder,) any insect on man, animal, plants, tissues, furs, provisions, Ac is imme- diately killed. It is used and recommended by the French authorities, in consequence of the favourable reports from the Medical and Scientific Academies, the Council for Health and Salubrity, the Armv. the Imperial Navy, the Imperial Society of Agriculture, Natural History, &c, &c., &c. It is now getting into general use in England. The Rev. W. Molloy, Roman Catholic priest at Hanley, denounced Fenianism from the pulpit on Sunday morning and after warning his hearers of the consequences of complicity in the movement, declared his determination to spare no pains to root out the Fenianism he had discovered to be existing in the town, even if it cost him his life. It is said that there are a good number of Fenians among the Irish population of the Potteries, and the courage, influence, and energy of the rev. gentleman give hope that his crusade will not be unsuccesful. According to a correspondent of the New Yarn World, the city of Washington contains at present a negro population of 38,000, and of these several thousands are known to be paupers in receipt of public charity. During the present session Congress voted SO,000 dollars for their relief. No assistance, however, can be given in any initanoe without an order from the Secretary of War, but he has no power, at the same time, to distribute the money himself. A new ana special journal, called the PUbiacite, will appear in Paris. This journal will be organ of the Central Committee, and will support the affirmative vote. Its cost will be nominal—one sous—but it is intended to distribute large numbers in the provinces gratuitously, and its exis- tence will terminate with the Plebiscitary period," or the interval during which free discussion of the subject of the approaching vote will be permitted. The strike of the Glasgow joiners has virtually come to an end, all the men being at work on their own terms of nine hours a day and payment at the rate of 6td. an hour. Some of the masters yet hold out, but those who have sub- mitted are 10 far behind with their work that they could em- ploy more hands than are obtainable. A strike of the Scotch miners is in prospect in the event of the masters not conced- ing an advance of Is. a day in wages and the eight hours system of labour on the lftth of May next, The movement has had its origin in Lanarkshire, but it seem* likely to become general. Last term, in a trial for injuries received by falling out of a carriage on the Midland Railway, a Miss War- burton was awarded L500 damages. The Midland Railway Company on Saturday moved for a new trial on the ground of excessive damages. The counsel for the company stated that the young woman was in receipt of Cl4 a year, whereas the, sum given by the jury would produce an annuity of LU. The Court refused the application, and the Lord Chief Justice said that in cases of that description some- thing beyond the pecuniary loss must always be taken into account. Lowestoft has put in a claim to one of the teats which will be rendered vacant through the disfranchisement of Beverley and Bridgwater. Lowestoft is one of the forty- three places in England which, at the last oensus, had no direct representation in Parliament, although each of these towns contained more than 10,000 inhabitants. Eleven of them were, however, provided for in the Reform Act of 1867; while four othera-Bamsley, Luton, St. Helens, and Torquay -were struck out of the schedule of enfranchisement when the House of Commons decided to give an additional member each to Birmingham, Leeds, Liverpool, and Manchester. At present the county of Suffolk is represented by eight mem- bers—six of whom are Conservatives, and two are liberals, while a seat for the Eastern Division is vacant.

THE MARKifS. MARK-LANK. —MOKDAT. Only moderate supplies of English wheat were on sale here to-day. Owing to the extreme heat and the absence of rain the trade has been firm, and Is. per qr. more money haa been realised. The advance, however, has not been readily paid, and sales have progressed slowly thereat. With foreign wheat the market has been fairly supplied. The de- mand has been steady at fully late ratea. Moderate supplies of barley were on the stands. The trans- actions were not extensive, but prices were well maintained. Malt was quiet, on former terms. The supply of oats was moderate. The trade was arm, at 6d. per qr more money. Beans were steady, at late Peas realised extreme quo- tations, with a moderate demand. Maize was in healthy re- quest, and prices had an upward tendency. Flour was quiet. but firm in value. METROPOLITAN CATTLE MAJLKXT.—MOITOAT. Quietness has beet: the feature of the cattle trade to-day, and prices have been without movement. As regards boasts, the total number offered has been decidedly less than an average- in consequence of the limited reoeipts from abroad. From Norfolk an increased supply has come to hand, in ex- cellent condition. From Scotland also some prime stock has been received. For all breeds the demand has ruled inactive; nevertheless, the quotations have been maintained, the best Scots and crosses selling at 4s. lOd. to 6s. per 81b. From v? Sasex, and Cambrldgeahire we received about 1,500 Scots an l crosses, frem other parts of England, 200 various breeds, from Scotland 21S Scots and crosses, and from Ireland 50 oxen. The market has been more freely supplied with sheep. The trade has been steadier, at previous quotations. The beat Downs aadhalf-hreds have realised 4s. 10d. to 5L per Sib. Lambs have been steady, at from 7s. 6d. to II. per 81b. Calves have been quiet, and pip sold slowly. WOOL. The wool market has been very firm. At the public sales of colonial produce there has been a good attendance, and biddings have been animated for all qualities, whilst those suitable for export have risen id per lb. English wool has been steady in value and inquiry. Current prices of :b¡Uab wool -.—Fleeces: South Down hoggets, la Cij4. te 1.. Id.; half-bred ditto, Is. ad. to Is. 4d. Kent leeoee, Is. td. to is. W. South Down ewes and wethers, Is. to Is. 1Jd. Leioee ter ditto, Is. SJd. to Is. ijd. Sorts Clothing. 11. to U. 4M. eombing, lid. te Is. tyi POTATOES. These markets have bees somewhat scantily supplied with potatoes. The trade has been steady at our quotations. English Shaws, 110a. to liOa.; Regents, 120s. te 14ft; lootch Regenta, 100s. to 140s.; Socks, 90s. to 110s. po: toa. HOPS. The hop market has been very quiet. With only mode rate supplies, and those of an indifferent quality, the de- mand has ruled Inactive at stationary currencies. Mid and East Kents, C7 to 912 1IL; Weald of Kenta, n to ø i Susaex, I L5 12a. to £ C 12s.; Bavarians, M 6s. to £9 i French, £ 6 to £ 6 10a Americans, £ 4 6s. to M; Yearlings, £ 1 Ids. to £ 315s. per ewtL J'ISJL Market well supplied this morning; demand brisk, at the following prices:—Trout, llfd. to Is. Sd. mackerel, as. to 4s. per dozen; smoked haddocks, large 10.. to 40s. ditto small, 20s. to 28s. per barrel; lobsters, 1.. to St.; crabs, is. to 31. each; native oysters, Zg to £ 10; oommons, 16s. te 86s. per buahel. TALLOW. The market has been firm. Y.C., spot, Us, 64. per ewt, townt allow, 41s. 90. net oeah.

SHOCKING DEATH OF TWO CHILDREN. A A ocking occurrence, which resulted in the death of two children and serious injury to two others, hap- pened at Lytbam, on Saturday afternoon. Two children, Mjned Robert and Lawrence Clarkaon, aged seven and four years, and sons of Thomas Clarkeon, fisherman, were playing with two children of Mrs. Jtnowles. One of the children proposed that they «nould go into Mr*. Knowles's pig-sty, and all the *2^ at once. It is not yet known whether «ney found in the sty a quantity of straw and shavings, those materials tkere, but it is certain that nen the four children were ic the sty they made a 811, instantly enveloped in flames. The •omldren a ehrieks attracted a large number of persons, Wttaavoured to extricate the little victims. After s me aeuay, owing to the difficulty of access to the sty, they were brought out—the two children of Clarkson eing then dead, and their bodies charred and horribly figured. The children of Mrer, Jinowles were so seriously burned that they lie in a vary precarious •.condition, and their recovery is doubtfuL

AND NOT WITHOUT EEAS0N! i ■^• 5'reu c^PaPeF. complains bitterly of the present ~Mons. «, According to it the laws of taste hare been j? in confusion. Women are such to faebk n that they adopt all sorts of ugly and thimMUt^ap.P*n8k11' ^he of the scissors and would **8«ted en dressing them in dusters they would h« B^Urinur ^ome seven or eight hundred francs it r>jusBed offat on which, when the fancy for would bi,^ould at a8t serve to wiPe the d"lies. • Tint* to drees nr nttet^lillg) fox' many of the favourite ad- ts are worn wve?f when u>le rage f&rtbemis over. Bonne do not coyer the head or shield th\ if «r d imoosaThV wBun' ^d. The im- probable arid impossible braids of hair *7>rn with these bonnets d ece Crino'li^i, kdo °° ?00<^ one ^ut the hairdresser. e ;h^, indeed, entirely dfgap- peared, but in 1 startled petticoat# with puffs, ballo ?' P**P«ndicular trimmings, horizontal trim.ni,^g the foreheJJ>ewil<ierin? extent- Little plates poi.-ed ou th(3 foreh,"wve as hatrf, find broad ribbons are twwt«^ q{ ^k, in consider- :ation of which excess the en d-curtailed, Skirts are not worn lflDg.enoeleganc; •of a train, or shortenouga to b Tinv„1..°5' walking. iBut.as regards coavenienc^ g1^ tnrnPH pro* mised /or travelling and seaside m^i lfications are to be made m Jem^ schoolboy out for the holiday will, it » fiashionable model.

Monday, the 35^ rras the anniversary of the birth of ttks iPrincess Alice, yrW was born 011 the 25'^h 01 Apr » 184, •She was married OQf^ 1862, to Jeta, WiLonis ot iieasa.

PARISIAN CHANGES. The principal changes that strike me to-day in Paris, after an absence of abcut a dozen years, are, that the whole population of the boulevards have become fat and that the tripping little grizette, with her pretty cap and neat inexpensive dress, has disappeared from the streets, and been replaced by the demoiselle du magazin," who dresses in a yellow braided jacket and bigh-heeled boots. Tn like manner, the brisk little fellows who lived on fried potatoes and vaudevilles, and went humming about; their shop work, have become discontented prigs with jetton-chop whiskers, who pass their evenings in organising strikes, and the rest of their time in dreaming of une E46rieuse position sociale." I observe, also, the importation of spurious British manners and customs on a most extensive scale ridiculous imitations of the ugliest parts of English dress, such as our hats and ungainly boots the general use of yellow hair-dye and monstrous wigs lastly, the decline and fall of French cookery. This plump people, though they have grown so round, no longer imagine delicate dishes, as in the hungry days bt fure the first revolution, when they had all such empty stomachs and such hungry minds. They have become so satiated with succulent food as to be in. different to the finer arts of the kitchen. No new culinary invention of world-wide reputation has been discovered in Park since the "Mayonnaise;" and every recent addition to French fashionable dinners is of foreign importation. There is a grievous list of them "Rompeteack k la moelle;" a thick chunk of tough beef with lumps of marrow lying in a glutinous lake of brown sauce; hard knobs of roast mutton hash. Finally, even turtle soup, melted butter, cayenne pepper, and hot gin-and- water, have made their appearance at the best tables, The hot gin-and-water is indeed called krock," but under this name it is nationalized; and its effect on the lively Parisian temperament is to make it suddenly and wildly boisterous. The cafrs, full of that univer- sal, out-of-door life, which made Paris so delightful to the passing traveller if he lingered but a day there, are gradually but surely giving place to clubs and more sedentary habits. The Government officials, retired officers, professional and literary men, who formerly only slept and dressed at their lodgings, now retire into dark entresols in charge of a nurse who cultivates their like mushrooms. There they dine and live, appearing only on the boulevard towards five o'clock for their absinthe, or, horrible to relate, their "gin and bitters,™ To-aay in Paris," in All the Year Round.

PROSECUTION OF A JOCKEY FOR ILL- TREATMENT OF HIS HORSE. A case of considerable interest to sporting men was heard on Monday, at Liverpool, at the County Magistrates' Court. It was a prosecution instituted by the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to animals agsiinit Mr. George Hol- man, the rider of the Doctor at the recent Liverpool Grand National Steeplechase, for having used the whip and spur to an unnecessary extent in urging his horse towards the finish of the race. Mr. Harris, barrister, at the Midland Circuit, instructed by Mr. Colam, appeared for the prosecu- tion and Mr. Fallon, of the Oxford Circuit, and Recorder for Tewkesbury, instructed by Messrs. Cobb and Sowton for the defence. In opening the case, Mr. Harris said that public attention was first called to it by the appearance of an article in a London paper descriptive of the race, and in the course of which it was stated that "the severity of the race was demonstrated by the fact that the I Doctor's' sides was fairly ripped up with the spurs." vl" That having appeared, the society felt it incumbent upon them to institute the present proceedings. They did not make any charge of deliberate cruelty against Holman what had taken place was in the excitement of the finish, and knowing that large sums of money depended upon the result of the race, he had used the whip and spur in order to get his horse's head an inch or so before that of his competitor. When the race was over there was a large quantity of coagulated blood on the side of the horse. Henry Feist, editor of the Sporting Life and corres- P*°TT 1 „ Dad]/ Telegraph, under the title of otspur, was then examined. His letter describing be race was handed to him, which he identified. Tbe following are the words occurring in it upon which the prostcn ion relied :—" Holman's horsemanship was admirably, and the severity of the finish was demon- ra. e by the fact that the "Doctor's" sides were fairly ripped lip with the spurs." Witness said that j *,a*r description, with certain allowances TfaliA tu sporting men. In answer to Mr. < 1 t-v j6'witness added that in saying that the that w °r 8 81(*es ^re fairly ripped up with the spur, the bm.^8'8, ?ere 8Porting phrase it did not mean tha fieurati 6 8 e^s were protruding the phrase was a men VI011 e? and would be BO understood by sporting ordiAn^6 di<* not UBe tbe word "severity" in its ordinary acceptation, but as indicating merely the comm finish such figurative expressions were that amongst sporting men, as when it waa said wonlH ?rse 4' had been to tbe Devil," which no one believe? 6rS'and *fcs ^teral sense he had used, he th« similar expressions in describing Holman ot^er racep. He did not think that Hoi mar, ,r>Uc^ed his horse till after the last hurdle Henre T611 beCame hard uPon him- "Doctor" or(^an> °f Liverpool, cabman, said that the he had ev«WaS more 8everely punished than any horse W M rt- SCen ?n a racec°urse. seen "a hm^ P0J'ce superintendent, deposed to having the DrJt jT'kich he afterwards learned to have been race • he s°r' w*dPPed and spurred at the finish of the its side. a ^arge quantity of coagulated blood upon Mr°Fan^er w^nesses 8ave similar evidence, any undue °n' ^I0r defence, repudiated the idea of stated that and called several witnesses, who used on th*. u re wer<*no signs of the whip having been ■»»«» .WW. the horan „ 1! en there were no spur marks, nor did ™ "sUm, which tired ^andCn«C*u 8-on evidence the magistrates re- of opinion that tu return the Chairman said they were the aDDlioa«^ CMe must be dismissed; and on should be ^r* -^a^on' t^€ky ordered that £ 20 dant's expenses Pro8ecutors towards the defen- The of the verdiot was received with loud PPUUEe by a number of sporting men in court.

GARDENING OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK. (From the Gardener's Magazine.) [An excellent weekly journal, containing much valuaUfi information for amateur and professional gardeners.] KITCHEN GABBED- So many of the vegetable crops sown last month and through tbe early part of this are now up and in the same stage, that unltss the u^most amount of activity is exercised some will suffer.. Permanent crops, like Turnips, Carrots, and Onions mutt be thinned out before the young plants become crowded and spoiled, and Lettuce, Cabbage, and Cauliflowers must be transplanted directly they are big enough, for they eufferless than when allowed to get large and drawn tip. Celery plants must have plenty of air, excepting a few that may be pushed on to come in very early. The latest lot will just be ready for pricking out from the Beed-pacs. As this batch is for the aain crop, it must not be neglected, but be lprown on without a single check in any way. The first time that can be spared may be profitably in getting the trenches ready for the earliest. between the rows of growing crops must be stirred with the hoe to win keep down weeds, which are now springing ut> plenti- fully on all sides. Tomatoes and vegetable Marrows can be planted out if a hand-light can be spared for their protection otherwise they are/>e?J 111 the frames for the present. Sow dwarf French -Beans for main crop, but the Scarlet Runners must not be sown for another fortnight. A small sowing of Hindive may be made with the chance of getting a few early. They soon bolt; therefore it is best to sow the seed where the plants are to remain, and in rich soil. Earth up and stick peas as they come on, as it helps to keep the sparrows off for a short time. FRUIT GARDEX. Fruit trees protected with blinds of canvas or tiffany must have air, which can be accomplished by rolling the blinds up during the day, and leaving them up in the night, provided there is a certainty of there being no frost before morning. The weathercock must give the cue. Orchard.Houae.-Trees in pots must have plenty of water and plenty of air. A good breeze through the house will do them good, aDd it will be ahelp to shut up with a little sun-heat. If this house la now over- crowded with all sorts of odds and ends that have been brought in through the overcrowded, state of other houses, say at once farewell to the fruit crop. The crowding of fruit-houses with things that have no right to a place in them is a common cause of failure. Renew the top-dretsing now, and let it be good. Trees in borders must have plenty of water. FLOWER GARDEN. Thin out all the patches of annuals sown out of doors, and plant out of frames such as are sufficiently hardy and strong enough to bear the shift. Also plant out hardy edging plants like Veronica incana and the Cerastiums. It will lessen the labour when the grand rush comes, and also give the edging time to get nicely established before the season is too far advanced. Herbaceous plants that have been struck from stools placed in heat should be hardened off quickly and turned out. It will give them an opportunity to flower in a creditable manner this season. This is impossible when they are kept starving in small pots until the middle of the summer, as is generally the case. The whole of the beds on graM should have the edging-iron run round them, and those unoccupied turned op, and left moderately rough. If the weather sets in dry, water freely beds filled with Pinks, Picotees, and Car- nations intended for exhibition, and mulch the beds with rotten manure. This is a better way than apply- ing strong doses of manure-water, which frequently does more harm than good, by destroying the purity and the sharpness of the markings of the flower. FORCING. Pittn.-It is a very easy matter to do harm in using manureiwater with these plants. Pines are not such gross feeders as grapes, though fruiters are benefitted by the application of weak doses, as the fruit is swel- ling guano-water is the best for these. Four ounces of guano and a double handful of soot to every six gallons of water is quite strong enough. The bottom-heat must not be allowed to decline at this stage in any of the houses; if the tan-bed was prepared in the way sug- gested by us at the general potting, they will be all right yet. Where the bottom-heat is maintained en- tirely by fire-heat, it is a very common practice to It:t the heat decline in the bed now that theeun has gained power. The fires ought to be kept going-steadily, of course—and the circulation in the top pipes stopped; bottom-heat is of more consequence now than in the middle of the winter. Always use water the same temperature as that of the house in which the plants are growing, both for the roots and syringing. Vines.—Where the grapes are changing colour give plenty of air, and leave the top ventilators open a little way during the night. It is impossible to have well- ccloured or richly-flavoured fruit if the atmosphere is kept|closeand stagnant. Keep the atmosphere rather dry to prevent "shanking." Muscats must have a liberal temperature now they are setting. It is a mistake to maintain a parched atmosphere at this stage sprinkle the fl ior morning and afternoon, but withhold the syringe for the present. Shift on young vines in pots. Figs.-In the early house the fruit will be faat reach- ing maturity, and the syringing must be either par- tially or wholly withheld; if the fruit has a lot of water dashed over them, the flavour will be poor. A moderate degree of humidity must, however, be main- tained in the house, or the foliage will be overrun with red-spider, and the chances of the second and third crops considerably reduced. Cherries and Plums. -The fruit of the former will be now changing colour fast in the early house. Ventilate freely, and see that there is nothing to obstruct the light. Stop any good shoots of either of these fruits, and dip the points of shoots that are infested with black-fly in tobacco-water. Train the young growth so that the fruit is exposed fully to the light and air. Cucumber,Sow now for planting in the open air. The most certain way to ensure success is to sow moderately early, and grow the plants into bushy specimens in nine-inch pots by the time they can be planted out. PLANT-HOUSES. Conservatory. — The early-flowering Pelargoniums will be doing good service here, now that the Cyclamens, Cinerarias, and Primulas are mostly over. A very common failing here is to exert all the energies m forcing plants for an early display, ard then have little or nothing between that and the time the ordinary Pelargoniums turn in. The principal display ought to consist now of Roses which have been brought on steadily; these will beat in freshness and beauty all that are grown entirely in the open air, supposing tht-m to have the right treatment. Greenhouse.—Any of the Azaleas which are in bad condition, or grown out of si ape, muat be dealt with soon or the season will be lost. In the first place, prune them hard back, and set the pots on a moderate bottom-heat, or, if not too warm, plunge the pots to about half their depth, and keep them well syringed with tepid water. The buds will soon Dush, and after they get about an inch in length repot them. Take them out of the pots, reduce the ball considerably, and shift into a size larger or return to the same size again. Use good fibrous loam and peat with plenty of sand; pot firm, and return to the bottom-heat acain, and treat as before until they are nicely established. Plants in good health will only need repotting and tying into shape. Camellias started early must not be kept too hot, and should have a moderate degree of air to keep the wood short-jointed and firm. Soft-wooded stuff must have attention, and that not in bloom fumigated freely directly any aphides make their appearance for it is no use to let them spoil the plants and then fumigate. Clear the greenhouse of all kinds of bed- ding stuff for if kept here up to the time for planting out it will be of little use to expect them to do much good. Sow seed of Primulas and Cinerarias for autumn flowering a warm corner of the greenhouse will be sufficient. Cover the seed-pans with a piece of glass to prevent the surface soil drying too quickly. FRAMES. Instead of nipping off the flower-buds of Centaurea ragusina and C. gymnocarpa, which are now showing freely on old plants, let them expand, and give plenty of air whilst they are in flower. Gather the seed directly it is ripe, and sow in the same way as that of any other half-hardy plant. The seed vegetates very quickly, and the young plants require potting off before they get too much crowded. Any cool place out of doors will do for them until late in the autumn, and from then until spring cold-frame protection. The plants are equal to any raised from cuttings, and it will do away with a world of trouble attached to their pro- pagation. Autumn-struck plants are difficult to get, and spring-struck, which are comparatively easy to ob- tain in the hands of a good propagator, are hardly ever large enough to plant out for producing an immediate effect.

A SINGULAR FIGHT BETWEEN A I HORSE AND A BOAR. From Donn ?iatt's curious article "About Hogs," we take the following original hog story I once witnessed a fight between a pony and a boar, in which both sides exhibited a good deal of that natural art of war to which Mr. Corwin referred as blessing the many militia colonels of Congress. I had ridden home one afternoon upon my little sturdy Tough Dick, and turning him loose in the stable lot, poured upon the eround a quantity of corn to serve him as dinner. Upon this, a huge boar, nearly as large and quite as heavy as the pony, trotted up, unbidden, to take part in the repast. Tough Dick, not liking the company nor the loss of his provender, bit the hog, who, in return, threw up his tusk, catching the pony's nostril upon the sharp point and inflicting an ugly little wound. Quick as thought almost the pony wheeled and planted his two ironed heels upon the boar's side. The blow sounded like that of a flail, and rolled the hog over. Nothing daunted, he regained his 'egs, and again made at the little horse. The plucky creature was ready for him, and again sent the hog rolling. This second charge seemed to give the boar a realizing sense of the inequality of such a contest. Re- gaining his feet again, he trotted some paces away, and stood contemplating his foe from under his long ears, grunting and snapping his jaws in wrath and disgust. Tough Dick, with his ears drawn back, eyed his an- tagonist as if expecting a renewal of the conflict. After some seconds, the boar began walking in a circle about the pony. He kept beyond the reach of his heels, and would at times walk and at times trot; and all the while Tough Dick kept his eye on his heels towards the foe. This continued for some time, and might have ended in the hog's retreat, but the pony waa hungry and aggravated at the interruption of his meaL In an unhappy moment he attempted to take a mouthful of corn. The boar, seizing the advantage, rushed in. Escaping the heels, he charged in under the belly of the pony, and would have inflicted an ugly wound with his tusks, but the force of his attack carried him beyond the point of danger, and before he could escape, the wicked pony had bim by the ear, precisely as a dog would nave caught him. The pig squealed dismally, and began turning, so as to bring his tusks under the throat or jaw ot his enemy. Slowly but steadily he swung around, suffering intense torture in the twisting given by his unhappy ear. Finding the boar likely to gain his point, the pony suddenly released the ear. The two had been pulling with their entire weight against each other, and the unexpected release staggered the hog, and ere he could recover a well-directed kick rolled him over. I thought the animal killed but he slowly recovered, and rising to his feet, staggered away, pausing at times to shake his ugly head, as if wondering how it all came about.

EAST-END EMIGRATION In London, on Monday night, about 400 emigrants were entertained at tea in Burdett Hall, Limehouse, previous to their departure for Qaebec, on Tuesday. The entire number emigrating in this batch is 761 souls, equal to 570J statute adults but the children of the several families were not present at the enter- tainment, as indeed the hall could not comfortably seat all who were about to leave the country under the auspices of the East-end Emigration Club, in con- nection with the British and Colonial Emigration Society. On the platform were many friends and supporters of the East-end Emigration movement, including Sir J. C. Lawrence, Bart., M.P., Mr. W. Corbett, Poor Law Inspector, Mr. Robert Wigram, Mr. Dixon, Canadian Emigration agent, Mr. White, special emigration commissioner from Ontario, Mr. A'Court, National Debt-office, Rev. J. Cohen, Rector of Whitechapel; Mr. Currie, Rev. J. F. Kitto, Mr. Blott, Mr. Scrutton, Rev, J. Paton, Bromley, &c. Several ladies who have taken much interest in the movement were also present. The emi- grants seated at the tables presented a happy, comfort- able, and contented appearance. All were well clad, and the majority was composed of young married people and unmarried girls of agey ranging from six- teen to twenty-five, who go as members of families with whom they have been acquainted. The cost of sendiag the 761 persons amounts to about 23,420, be- sides jEl.142 given towards outfits and landing money by Kelsall's Emigration Charity. The salient principle of the club being self-help, the emigrants have themselves provided about £1,600, the club has contributed about JE200, and the Poplar Board of Guardians about £100. The balance is paid by the British and Colonial Emigration Society, of which the Lord Mayor is president, and towards which the Right Hon. G. J. Goochen, M.P., and his brother have con- tribiitedgl,000 each. Aid has also been received from the Manufacturers' Relief Fund. Last November the members began paying their deposits every Saturday night at the Poplar Work- home, and the aggregate amount paid in weekly at that time was about £6. Recently as much as £ 200 has been received on a Saturday night. The cost of transit for each emigrant is £ 6, and each has to find half that amount. In one case a family numbering 26 persons, including a great grandfather, grandfather, grandson and his children, is going out. The trades of the emigrants comprise carpenters, blacksmiths, coopers, pamterw, but the bulk of them are generally labourers. The selected emigrants were verging on pauperism, and 43 of them were in actual receipt of parish relitf. Many of them were stated to be worse off than paupers. A committee of gentlemen manage the club and de- fray its expense. There are quite as many persons as those who are going still in the club, who are paying weekly, and anxious to go as soon as they can raise the sum required to meet the grant of the British and Colonial Emigration Society. A fortnight since 61 emigrants were sent away by the Club in the Midway, and now 761 go in the steamer Oaaiges, of 1,900 tons. The Rev. J. Cohen and Mrs. Cohen will accom- pany the party of emigrants to Quebec, where they will be received by Mr. Stafford, chief emigration agent, and thence forwarded to Toronto. This will be the largest batch of emigrants which ever left the port of Lor don for Canada in one vessel; and, added to the 312 sent by the East London Family Emigration Association last week, a total exodus of 1,073 souls will have taken place from the East-end within a period of eight or ten days. On the return o the Ganges from Quebec the club hopes to be able to send off another party equal in numbers to the present. When tea was over, a Hymn of Thanksgiving was sung, and then a meeting was constituted, Sir J. C. Lawrence, M.P., taking the chair. The chairman ad- dresatd the meeting, and congratulated the emigrants upon the fact that they were not going to a foreign land but to a part of the Empire, so that their emigra- tion was not in a true sense expatriation. He also con- gratulated them upon the admirable appearance they all presented. Mr. E. H. Currie gave the emigrants some whole- some advice with respect to the conditions and exi- gencies of their new home, end hoped that in time they would send back what had been advanced to them, to enable those they had left behind to follow them to the New World. Several other gentlemen addressed the meeting, and the emigrants separated in the apparent enjoyment of a hopeful confident spirit.