Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
14 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
THE TICHBORNE CASE.
THE TICHBORNE CASE. On Monday morning the hearing of the Tichborne case was resumed (for the seventy-first day) in the estminster Session House, before Lord Chief Justice | .Dov111 and the special jury. At the commencement of the proceedings a long discus- Sion took place between Mr. Giffard, on behalf of the claim- JV^t, and the learned judge as to the rejection of evidence on J-ne last occasion to prove the possibility and probability under certain circumstances of persons forgetting their native language. The Chief Justice said he should adhere to the decision he pronounced on the last occasion. lie assumed the possi- bility o a person forgetting his native language, but he should reject any evidence tendered to show the probability that because one person had forgotten his or her native lan- guage therefore the claimant had forgotten his. He hoped this decision was perfectly plain. Laughter')81^' ^°' lny lort*' 1 can scarce^y s^y it Is Intimately .Mr. Giffard was allowed to call Mdme. laus- oerg. who said I am a native of Poland, and lived in that country up to the age of twenty. When in Poland I spoke German and Polish, and could write and read them, but I cannot now speak or understand Polish, though I have tried. a left Poland at the age of twenty, and returned in 18G6. I could not then speak to my own relations in Polish, though could in German. Giffard said he had several other witnesses whom he wished to call on this point, but in consequence of the deci- sion of his loidsliip having been misunderstood on the last f Ccasion, those witnesses had not been brought here to-day. to i '3eel1 allowed to do to-day what he was not allowed 011 the last occasion. If he had known he was to be .flowed to give evideuce on the point now before the court le would have had his other witnesses here to-day. The Due de Brisac was then placed in the witness-box with tov!-eiv Prove that the claimant's account of an accident which occurred to him in 1839 when at ilonvillard, in iirit- jwiy, was correct. The witness said he was present at the 'line the accident took place. The evidence of a WitllCS who had up to eleyen years of ^go spoken nothing but Iiindustanee, but who, though now only thirty years of age, had forgotten all that language, was then put in and read. The Attorney.General then proceeded to open the case on behalf of the defence but as our limited space precludes us from giving even an outline of the Attorney-General's opening speech in this remarkable case, we must content ourselves with giving the fol- lowing sketch of the seventy-first day's proceedings, which we take from the Daily News:— The crowded state of the Westminster Sessions House during the Tichborne trial is an old story, but its condition on Monday surpassed all previous experience. There were more people waiting patiently outside, and more people in court there was greater excitement and a stronger exhibi- tion of feeling than on any of the days on which the claimant was under examination. The bench, too, was fuller than it has been yet, &nd it was plain from first to last that the re- 80urees of the court and the urbanity of the oUicial to whom Lord Chief Justice Bovill deputes the dnty of giving or re- fusing orders of admission must have been sorely taxed. Those who have visited the Sessions House or Westminster Hall on any of the seventy preceding days of this trial, and who have thought either place full, would have been speedily convinced of their mistake on Monday. For shelves which had not been found out before, crevices which had been neglected, steps which were condemned as affording a view of nothing but the clock and the ceiling, were then as much sought after as the most eligible situations were on any previous day. Another infallible sign of the high value put upon the privilege of a seat, was the appearance of the court during luncheon hour. Those Jv'ho had good places kept them. There was none of that faith in human nature which requests a sister or a brother to keep a seat inviolate while its owner goes out to lunch. The rash person who undertook any such trust would have been infallibly sacrificed to the wild rage—all the wilder because it had to be sup- Pressed—of those who were balancing themselves Uneasily on tip-toe, or supporting stout spectators on their chests. Any vacant seat would have been taken by storm, so the general public ate its luncheon in court, or bore its hunger as best it might. It is a plain fact that to leave the court while the proceedings were in progress was a matter of almost insuperable diffi- culty. Those whose duties impelled them to make the at- tempt suffered in person and in clothes for they had to Knead and burrow their way through a crowd which wa3 so closely packed, that to penetrate it was as severe a trial as the most active athlete might wish for. Woe to the stout. They failed altogether, and were kept in court if they were in, er outside if they had failed to effect an entrance early. This was the case with the claimant. He, poor man, pre- sented himself as usual at the side door before luncheon, and attempts were made to clear a passage for him as before. It was impossible. Several excellent people squeezed themselves against the wall of the barristers' box on the one side, and on that of the box holding the ladies and gentlemen who are credited with being the claimant's friends on the other- with a vigour and persistency which were highly praise- worthy, and spoke volumes for their elastic compressibility, but all was useless. The claimant could no more have passed through the narrow gangway than the proverbial quart could be put in a pint pot, so the attempt was given Ill), and he retired, it was understood, to a side room. There was a certain flatness about the first part of the proceedings. Everyone was eager for the Attorney-General's speech and when, first, the Lord Chief Justice and Mr. Gilfard held a long argument as to the admissibility or the reverse of evidence and when witnesses were examined, an air of heavy disappointment fell npon the court. How long would the preface last: would the examination of the new witnesses close to-day ? Were there any other formalities to go through before Sir John Coleridge was "up?" These were the questions which were whispered softly for the first tliree hours or so. Then, at about one, there was a sigh of relief, for the Attorney-General rose and began his speech in terms of uncompromising vigour. There has been a good deal said in London society on who has ween strong and who weak, in the Tichborne trial; :md controversies have risen as to the relative develop- ment of these qualities in the various people concerned in the case. Mo question can arise as to the strength of the language of Sir John Coleridge on Monday. With great deliberation of manner, and with all the appearance of having weighed his woids well, the Attorney-General re- marked that he would show, or at least try to show, that the claimant was "a cunning and audacious conspira- tor" (a pause), a perjurer (another and longer pause), a forger (a look, as it seemed, of quiet triumph at tho jury), an impostor (in a slighting tone this, as if that part of the question were already proven), and a villain (a slightly melodramatic accent on the last word, and a full stop). At "us moment the occupants of what is called the Tichborne -x—namely. Sir John Coleridge's clients, seemed to na it impossible to restrain their feelings longer, and mere was a noise of approvingly derisive laughter, and of applause, which would have been particularly appro- priate in a theatre. The Attorney-General was, in short cheered, precisely as if he Wlre a wcH-l':1ce(l actor. Each epithet he hurled at the claimant ronsed the enthnslasm of this section of his auditory until when he stopped (as it seemed bccause he had exhausted the vocabulary of vituperation) there was the unseemly outbreak We have named. As a matter of course, tlns kmd of thing must be put down, and ..that. promptly, in a ease in which so much and such bitter personal feeling has been introduced, and Lord Chief Justice Dovill exerteu his authority in a few timely and sensible words, and the offence was not repeated. The Attorney-General was frequently as strong as this. When he denounced the part played by Mr. Baigent, for example, he did so with his hand raised against that gentleman and with a motion in the direction of Mr, Spoflorth, which recalled Mr. Disraeli's self-congratulations at the table of the House of Commons, being between him and his opponent. TVJien he declaimed against the blackguaiu letters of the claimant, he seemed to linger over the adjective, and to en- joy its iteration and when he spoke of the mass of flesh which the jury had seen in court, and the physical miracle it would require to convert a slIm and slender young man into it, he seemed to enjoy the phraseology he employed, and at being able to use it to the jury. But there were no more in- terruptions, and the occupants of the crowded court com- forted themselves on the whole with as much patIence as the veritable Jobs who spent the day on the curb-stone outside, and whose only excitement was makinga perfectly hopeless at- tempt to corrupt or to beguile the policemen who guarded the entrance to the court. The Duke of Wellington, Lady Alfred Tichborne, Mr. and Mrs. Radcliffe, Bogle, the black servant, and a vast quantity offaces which havebecome familiar to those who have watched the case were there and the seventy. first rlay of this memorable trial, certainly surpassed all its predecessors in the outward and visible manifestations of popular interest.
COTTAGE GARDENS.
COTTAGE GARDENS. The following communication from a correspondent, T. R. which has been sent to The Times for publi- cation, deserves a thoughtful perusal by many others besides the "Cottager :— I am an old country resident, living in Hertfordshire, in a district celebrated for its cottage gardens, in which roses and apple trees are equally abundant, giving an appearance and reality of comfort to the inhabitants not often seen, but very pleasurable. In travelling in other districts of England I am often grieved at seeing gardens neglected, or at best devoted only to potatoes and cabbages. Knowing, as I do, the comfort given to families by our best known and easily-grown fruit, the apple, I am tempted to ask you to assist in spreading the knowledge of its culture, so that every cottager may grow his own apples, and thus contribute to the comfovt, a.ivd, I way add, refinement, of his family for I contend that a hint garden is a means of education, teaching children Io*. ,r- ance, for apple-bushes full of fruit are, indeed, tempting, and require the fence of education in children to keep their hands from picking. I know that the temptation must exist, for my trees, such as I shall describe, were last autumn most severely tempting. They were four years old, about 2ft. high, and covered with the finest apples I ever beheld. Jsaw then how well such trees would profit the cottage gardener, and I thought if only The Times would take the matter in hand how many thousands would be benefited; the gardening papers reaching so small a portion of our villagers are not sufficient. Before I endeavour to describe the method of forming a cottager's apple garden I must give a description-all gardeners know it*—of the stock to be em- ployed to bring in the fruitfulness required in a small garden. N ow a stock, in gardener's language, is the wild tree em- ployed on which to graft a tame one—i.e., a cultivated sort. There are many kinds of stocks employed by grafters—some fctocks make the trecrf grafted on them dwarf and fruitful, others vigorous and luxuriant. We have at present only the former to consider. There is a stock used to graft apples on with an almost fabulous name and origin. It is said to have been imported from Armenia, from the real site of Paradise. The i> ren t ft gardeners in old times christened this tree the pouvmer iju ParadU "—the apple-tree of Paradise. We, as huniwe imitators, named it the Paradise stock. Soon, however, the name was applied to other apple stocks of the same dwaning Ilatnre so that we have seveml varieties of this dwarf goock, which 'are called English Paradise stocks—kinds suited to our climate and likely to be very valuable to our cottage gardeners. The first business of the cottager with a garden is to find a 8<J.Uare portion of it in which to form his plantation. l i is -Pace he should mark out so as to hold trees in propor- i to nis grouiui. These he may plant in rows round the edges c J'^ cn.at a distance of 4ft. apart, or he may form trees 111 cxtellt> which at 4ft. apart will hold 20 If a square piece of ground is selected it should be planted with apple trees giafted 8n the Engl isll Paradise stock, in the form of bushel .1ft. part row from row, ami the same distance tree from tree in the rows. The centre of the space 4ft. between each row, 18 to 20 inches in width rnav He cultivated for three or four years, till the tree; have grown to the size of a fair-sized gooseberry bush, and in .'Ut,^ce may be grown onions and dwarf potatoes, &c., so crop. This portion of the soil may be v Tied' BO as to loosen it, while the space on each :,Hle nex the rO\\1i may be left solid and DC kept from weeds wIth the I10e. We have thus formed an annle garden-say of 20 trees). The sorts may as follows :-Follr trees of Winter Haw- thorn deli, foui -Duchess of Oldenbnm- four Lord Nuffield, four Dumelovis^ or Wellington,'and four Cox's Po- mona. 1 hese ai e lar^e aPPlcs, all great bearers, will be in season from August t o Mnich and will pay the 1,0ttRger well for the slight trouble of their cultivation. My bush anplp- trees, now four y L-i"?" v £ ? *V?fv«kni< bore last season h.alf a peck each. J hey Aveie nea.14.1ful objects. My plantation consists of 160 trees,, 3ad, in addition to the W'rts enumerated above, I have the jolly Beggar Bettv Gee.son, Mere de Mc'mage, Small s Admirable, and Warner's ^lt)g. I mention the nanit'3 of thtsei prolific trees to assist th2 Co^ager's selection. I niflj' A!e*'s so—viz ,.f ,c°mmon Hawthornden and Keswick codlni. Some kinds ',Tsert apples are equally prolific, ant. may be cultivated with advantage. I may mention one sort, wmii i ^ra?Se Pippin, which bears well and sells Wll, and would in itself be a fortune to a cottager. tree!1 „?T 88 to thclr Pouting »n<i moment. The ? 'lave mentioned, should be planted 1ft. apait; the S being dug, should havo holes opened 2ft. in tiametei and lft. deep in a hole of this size the tree should \ts rootB covered with the earth taken from complete should be gently trodden, and the planting is as"tbp !?^ reason after planting no pruning will be required, seasontrees will be very moderate the second everv v™ every year afterwards, about the middle of June, y0lmS shoot should be shortened to half its length with a sharp knife or pruning scissors, and in August the young shoots that have broken fotth since the Junepruning should be shortened to two or three inches. This is all the pruning required, and under this simple culture, the trees if grafted on the Paradise stock, become sturdy fruitful bushes about the size of the gooseberry bush, and will give a supply of fine fruit all through the winter. Trees may, I believe, be bought at 6d. and 9d. each, so as to be within the reach of the labourer's pocket; or if a man is ingenious he may buy his Paradise stocks—say at 8s. per 100 The second year after planting he may graft them with the proper sorts. By the way, grafting ought to form a part of the education of boys in our rural schools, It is very simple and easily taught. If, by the simple method of culture I have endeavoured to describe, apple-trees can be made profitable to our cottagers and a means of education to their children by teaching them forbearance and self-control they will do a real service to the community.
TRADES UNIONS AND THE EDUCATION…
TRADES UNIONS AND THE EDUCA- TION ACT. At the Trades Congress held at Nottingham, Mr. Bailey presented a paper of great length on the above topic, treating of the manner in which recent educa- tion legislation had affected the interests of the work- ing classes, and how far they should be content with ''what had been erroneously called the compromise or settlement of 1870." Admitting that there was a compromise between the sects or religious parties in the House of Commons, there was none agreed to by the working classes, and there was no one in the House authorised to make any compromise on their behalf. What the working classes desire to have—and, notwithstanding the political blunder of 1870, known as Mr. Forster's Act, they believed they would eventually obtain—was a national system of educa- tion, as opposed to the present denominational and sectarian system. The first operation of the Elemen- tary Education Act, in its relation to the working classes, was to increase the rates and taxes for the purpose of propagating the doctrines of the English and Roman Catholic Churches. Nor must they for- get to notice, either, the £600,000 voted for building grants. While the homes of many of their fellow- workers were poor and squalid, and their children ill- fed and ill-clothed, they were called upon to contribute to the national taxation for the purpose of erecting buildings in which, largely at their cost hereafter, the business of proselytism would be carried on. They were being rated, therefore, to make bulwarks for the Church of England in her struggles with the advancing Liberal thought of the time. Yet up to the present time not a. Board school had been established, not a child was being educated in a school under the direction and management of the representatives of the ratepayers; in some placesf whilst large additional sums were being paid out o- the public purse for school fees, there were fewer chil dren attending school than there were before the Act came into operation. The method of dealing with free education under the Act was an insult to the intelligence of the working classes. They contributed largely to the national taxation. Enormous national endowments were devoted to the education of the upper and middle classes, and yet, under the Act, before a working man could obtain, even for six months, free education for his child, he was compelled to go before a School Board and declare that he was a pauper, and submit to examination and cross-examination as to his means of paying school fees. The Act not only created a wider gulf than before existed between the working class and the middle class, but it created new distinctions amongst the working classes themselves. Two men. working in the same shop and living in the same street, might be put upon a wholly different footing as to the payment of fees. The difference in the circum- stances of families, as to health and number of children, would often create those distinctions where there was no real difference of class. Trades unions themselves, causing, as they often did, tem- porary loss of work, would become under the Act instruments for the pauperisation of their members. Worse than all, the Act was in that respect one for encouraging a spirit of hypocrisy, servility, mendi- cancy, and subserviency. It was impossible to lay down any rule except the one rule that education should be a national right, free to all and supported by all, and that compulsion should not be used for the pur- pose of filling sectarian schools and propagating sectarian doctrines.
OUR LAST HIPPOPOTAMUS. --,--
OUR LAST HIPPOPOTAMUS. We take the following extracts on "Our Last Hippopota- mus" from a very interesting paper in the Daily Telegraph, contributed by their speclal reporter, who has paid a visit to the Zoological Gardens, in ltcgent's Park, Loudon:— The poor little hippopotamus is dead. It was scarcely expected to live but its death was neverthe- less a severe disappointment, especially after the trouble and personal risk that were involved in the attempt to save its life. About five o'clock in the morning of Sun- day, the 7 th inst, the little animal was born. Th e keeper knew that it was there, from the odd sounds made by its mother-sounds of angry jealousy against some foe unknown, She slapped her vast jaws together, gnashed her teeth, and snorted loud defiance; though no one was in the house except the keeper, who was watching her from his unseen post of obser- vation above. As daylight broke, the small hippopo- tamus was seen lying by its mother; and the two were anxiously watched in order to find out whether the young one took nourishment. This it was never seen to do. It followed its mother about wherever she went, so that it was not deficient in strength; but it was never once seen to suck. Still, though in the daytime it certainly took no nourishment, it is impossible to say whether or not it may have done so at night; for many of those animals are exceedingly shy and wary, and will not even feed if they think that they can be seen. Two days having thus passed, it was evident that unless the young one could be separated from its mother and artificially fed, it must inevitably die; but the diili- culty lay in the mode of separation. To rob & moth)r of her young is proverbially dangerous and when the mother is a savage, cross-grained beast, weighing some three tons, and capable of "chawing up a human" with the greatest ease, the task is peculiarly perilous. On Tuesday, the 9th, an attempt was made to get the mother away from her child. The two were lying on the ground, at some little distance from the water and it was thought that if the mother could be decoyed into the pond, it might be possible to ab- stract the young calf before she could get out again. Now, this creature is emphatically a good hater. She hates all kinds of things and persons. She hates work- men without their coats. I once saw her charge at a workman, and bite at the iron bars so savagely that she broke one of her enormous teeth completely into the jaw. Bat if there be one thing she hates beyond all, it is the garden engine. The very sight of I?' •<?r ,fcven.. ^le. sound of its wheels, sets her beside herself with rage, and whenever she sees it she is sure to charge. Accordingly the engine was run towards the water. In went the hippopotamus but, unfortunately, the little one plumped in after its mother, so that the ruse failed of its effect. The calf, in spite of its tender age, evidently enjoyed the water very much, swam about! and finally went to sleep, with its chin resting on the side of the bond—a favourite attitude with these ani- mals. Next day, when the mother walked about the house, her child lay still, being evidently weaker; so that Mr. Bartlett, the superientendent of the Gar- dens, decided on making another attempt to get the calf out of the house. He got together a small but effective staff, and laid out his plans. In order that the public may realise the difficulty of the situation, the perilous nature of the task, an4 the ingenuity of the device, 1 must briefly describe the scene of operations. On the right of the den is a small pond, shut off from the platform at will by iron rail- ings and on the extreme left is a small door, barely thirty inches square. The scheme was as follows: The garden engine was to be again run into the build- ing, and so soon as the hippopotamus charged into the water, one of the men was to dash into the cage—if possible, to shut the animal into the pond, get out the young one. and make his escape before the mother could reacn aim. Accordingly, Mr. Bartlett stood by the door, ready to open it at the right moment; his son, with Thomp- son and Godfrey, two of the keepers, was close at hand with a stout cloth Prescott, the head keeper, was in charge of the engine, and Scott, the elephant-keeper— a very active and daring man—was selected for the dangerous task of entering the den. Everything was arranged, to use Mr. Bartlett's own expression, "like a trick in a pantomime for the whole business could not last more than a few seconds. All being ready, Prescott ran the engine into the house and began to pump into the pond, that being the insult which the hippopotamus will least of all endure. In she went, and, as she rose, Prescott pumped the water in her face; thus half blinding her, and gaining just the time that was needed. Simultaneously Scott ran into the den, picked up the young CEJf, which was lying close to the water, and handed it through the door to Mr. Bartlett and his assistants. The expectant party took it in the cloth, and ran away with it. Mr. Bartlett fastened the door, Prescott ran the en- gine out of the house; and, before she recovered from the surprise of the water in her face, the enraged hippopotamus found herself alone, with nothing on which to vent her fury. Of course, she missed her calf, and began to Jiunt for it, but her rage soon cooled down when she could tcc no enemy; and, except bearing a rather deeper grudge than usual against Mr. Bartlett, she regained her usual temper. Still, when I paid her a visit, she looked ominously sulky and, as she lay half in and half out of the water, her eye had a wicked glare in it that was not pleasant to see. Without a practical knowledge of the animal, it is scarcely possible to realise the difficulty and danger of the task which was :0 successfully performed. Under any circum- stances, it is not easy to pick up a hippopatamus, however young. It weighs somewhere about a hundred pounds, and its skin is as slippery as if it had been dipped in oil. Add to this that the floor of the den is wet and smooth, offering scarcely any foothold that the young captive kicks and yels. with all its power and that within a few feet ia its infuriated mother—and some idea may be formed of the feat which was achieved on Wednesday last. Then, no one who has not seen the hippopotamus in one of her furies can appreciate the risk that is run by any man who goes into the den. She is quick and active beyond conception, flies about like hghtlllg, bellowing forth roar after roar and making the build- mg tremble. On the present occasion her deafening roars did good service for they completely drowned the cries of her young one, and enabled the keepers to carry it off unheard as well as unseen. She can rear iu!rv"lf on her hind legs in her attempts to get at a supposed cngmy • and when her weight of three tons is brought to bsar upon railings which are not too strong, no small nerve is required in treating such an animal. Now let us follow the fortunes of the calf. It was taken nuite to the other end of the Gardens, that its mother should not be able to hear its cries. Had she done so, she would have tried to force her way to its rescue, and it is very doubtful whether, in that case, the iron of the den, or even ths wall of the build- ing itself, could have withstood th £ shock of her reck- less charges. When comfortably housed, the little animal was found to bs suffering severely from cold, and means were at once devised to restore the proper temperature. Blankets were dipped in boiling water wrung as dry as possible, and then round the sufferer. Over the blankets was laid a thick coat of cotton wool, and before very long Mr. Bartlett had the pleasure of finding the heat of the body fairly restored. Nourishment was the next business. At first every offer was refused, but by degrees the calf was induced to suck at an ingenious apparatus of india- rubber and canvas attached to the mouth of a bottle filled with warm milk. It was found necessary to blind its eyes when the bottle was placed to its lips, and to preserve absolute silence, for the little creature was so sensitive that it would take no nourish- ment so long as it could see a human being or hear the sound of a human voice. The warm milk seemed to comfort the animal, and it soon quieted down and slept. It took about three pints of milk in six hours, once imbibing nearly a pint at a time. Nothing, however, could save it, and about seven p.m. of the same day it died. Mr. Bartlett is of opinion that there was some internal disease, as was the case with its brother, which died last February. There is a comic element in most human affairs, and this was furnished by the letters with which Mr. Bartlett was inundated, all giving advice as to the best mode of feeding the young calf. One correspondent proposed that milk should be squirted at its mouth from a syringe. Several suggested that the mother should be chloroformed, and the calf removed while she was insensible. Now, any one with the least knowledge of chloroform is aware that to place an an animal under its influence is a matter of the greatest difficulty. For example, some little time ago, when it was needful to put a tapir under chlo- roform, the operation lasted for an hour, and re- quired the combined efforts of Mr. Bartlett and six assistants, acting under the direction of the surgeon, though they had an apparatus which fitted on the animal's head. As to chloroforming an hippopotamus, it would be quite as easy to chloroform a whale. Yet the correspondents—all anonymous—gave their advice as if nothing could be easier. Chloroform the dam and take away the cub." Perhaps the drollest of all the suggestions was a scheme for burning brimstone in the house until the mother should be stupefied, and then removing the calf. How the calf was to be ren- dered sulphur-proof, or how the keepers were to breathe in an atmosphere which stupefies an hippopotamus, were points which the writer did not elucidate. Concluding this interesting paper, the writer incidentally remarks:— It is impossible to go behind the scenes, so to speak, of such an establishment as the Zoological Gardens, and to not admire the profound knowledge of beast nature— the careful forethought, dauntless courage, and prompti- tude of action which are shown by those who have to keep within due bounds such ferocious and powerful brutes. It is the triumph of man's intellect over the instinct of the beast. Here we have one of the largest, fiercest, worst-tempered, most powerful animals on the face of the earth utterly conquered by a few men, all of whom it could tear to pieces if it only knew how strong it is and how weak they are. They employ no weapons—they use no terrorism and yet this dread beast is absolutely powerless in their unarmed hands. So it is thoroughout the whole system. The disposition of every animal is carefully studied, and the keeper tries, so far as he can, to place himself in the mental position of his charge, and to anticipate its thoughts. Violence is never used. It would not only be futile at the time, but it would destroy all hope of obtaining future obedience. As it is, the animals find that in some mysterious manner they are continually obeying the will of their keeper, and they get by degrees into a habit of obedience more or less perfect, according to the nature of the particu- lar species and the disposition of the individual. Knowledge is power here. It is equally exercised over the largest and the smallest animals in the place; and, whether the keeper be in charge of a harvest-mouse which will scarcely balance a halfpenny in the scales, of an elephant nine feet high, or an hippopotamus weighing three tons, the human intellect equally asserts itself, and all equally acknowledge its sway.
SPIRITUALISM IN LIVERPOOL.
SPIRITUALISM IN LIVERPOOL. The annual meeting of the Liverpool Psychological Society has been held in the Camden-rooms, Camden- street, Liverpool, on Wednesday in last week. The proceedings commenced with a tea, at which about 100 persons, including a considerable number of young ladies, were present. Mr. Wason, the president of the society, who should have presided, was prevented from attending by an accident, and in his absence the chair was taken by Mr. John Lamont. The proceedings after tea took the form of a stance, at which Mr. J. Morse, a London medium of considerable repute in spiritualistic circles, was the agent of com- munication with the invisible world. In his normal state, Mr. Morse first described the progress which the" science" was making in the metropolis and the large towns of the country and said it was getting pre- eminently respectable. The circulation of their maga- zines and newspapers was also increasing with great rapidity, and he added as a fact worthy of remark that most of their subscribers were ministers of the Gospel. Referring next to a friend of his in Glasgow,he said, that like himself his friend was a medium, but differently con- trolled. In the darkest room he could paint pictures of considerable value, but the strange part of the affair was that the spirits under whose influence he was would not allow him to dispose of them. There was, however, a sale of these productions every four or five years, on the principle of the Art Union, and as he had a book of tickets in his pocket for one that was shortly to take place, at the close of the evening he should be willing to sell them to those who might feel interested in the subject, and who were desirous of be- coming the possessors of these marvellous productions. Actuated by strong internal emotion, as if seized with a violent convulsion, the medium then passed into what is termed the trance condition," upon the conclusion of which he rose from his seat and offered up a short prayer. In clear and forcible language, and with a readiness of expression and fluency of utterance which contrasted somewhat strangely with the manner of his )reviou8 address, J\tr. 1'.10rse-or, to adopt the view of the be- lievers in the science, the spirit and Mr. Morse—expa- tiated upon the evidences of man's continued exist- ence beyond this physical world, of the connection between the material and the spiritual, and of the de- pendence of the whole upon an Almighty Creator. The somewhat florid discourse lasted for about half-an-hour during the whole of which time the speaker delivered himself with great volubility, and with an effect which, to the uninitiated, was somewhat surprising. The audience seemed to listen with reverent awe; and those who were capable of believing, asMr. Morse represented, thatthey were in direct communication with thephineee philosopher Tien-Sien-Tie, who on this occasion was supposed to be the medium's guide to unknown regions, were doubtless much impressed. In his con- cluding sentence, the speaker, whoever or whatever he might be, intimated that in accordance with the wish of the committee" they" would be pleased to answer such questions as it might be desired to put to "them," but warned the interrogators that they did not promise that the answer would cover the full ex- tent of the inquiries. The following questions were then asked among others and answered by the medium with great ra- pidity :— Q.—Is modem spiritualism consistent with the Scriptures ? A.—Yes for is not truth truth, and are not all truths co- relative one with another? Q.—May I ask if that reply was from the spirit or from Mr. Morse himself ? (Hear, hear.) A.-Methinks the question scarcely needs an answer. According to the invitation which you have received to at- tend this meeting, the question ought to be settled in your own mind. Q.—It is not quite settled, or I should not have asked the question. A—The position then is this. AVe, as a spirit, claim to operate through a physical medium, the body which you see standing before you. Q.—Could you not give us the self-same answers you are now giving if you were not a medium ? A.—AVe would beg you to retain your answer xmtil our medium is restored to his natural condition. Q.— If mediums are essential to the spread of spiritualism how is it we have none in Liverpool ? A —Methinks the members of your own society will best answer as to whether you have mediums or not. Q.—How are we to tell ? A. If we investigate we know; if we remain silent spec- tators we shall have to wait. Q.—Have you the power of seeing any mediums present ? A.—At present no, but we may give a simple rule. Q.—Give it. A.—We have always found that every individual has some peculiar mcsmeristic qualifications, and we advise every in- dividual to try to bring them out. Q.—Can you give the name of your controlling spirit! A.—At the close of our remarks. Q.—If spiritualism is so great a moral and social regene- rator, can you explain why it has not been revealed to man- kind until a comparatively recent period ? A.- Clearly. Spiritualism is not a new thing; it is as old as the human race, because SplrltS are of the human race. Mr. Morse returned to his natural state" in a few minutes by passing through emotions similar to those which accompanied the commencement of his trance and immediately afterwards the control was assumed by "the Strolling Player "—a spirit of considerable humour and vivacity.
THE STOCKWELL MURDER.
THE STOCKWELL MURDER. The trial of the Rev. John Selby Watson (lately master of the Stockwell Grammar School), for the murder of his wife on the 8th of October last—the circumstances of which will be in the memory ef newspaper readers—commenced at the Central Criminal Court, on Wednesday, and continued until Friday afternoon, in last week. The prisoner, who exhibited a desponding and downcast appearance in the dock was allowed to be seated during the proceedings. The Hon. George Denman, Q.C., with whom were Mr Poland and Mr. Beasley, appeared as counsel for the Crown Mr. Serjeant Parry, with the Hon. Mr. Thesiger, defended the prisoner. After Mr. Serjeant Parry had summed up the evi- dence for the defence, to which Mr. Denman replied on behalf of the Crown, P Mr. Justice Byles proceeded to sum up the whole case. After stating the charge against the prisoner he said there was one matter which was often the question in such cases, but which did not arise in the present inquiry—viz., whether the prisoner did kill the deceased. This was admitted by the prisoner's counsel. It was also clear that there was no provocation which would reduce the crime from murder to manslaughter. The real and only question in the case to which the counsel had directed their atten- tion was the true question, and it was this—was the pri- soner at the time he committed the act legally responsible for it and was he a responsible agent ? That depended upon a question, on which the counsel also agreed did he at the time he committed this act know what he was doing ? If not, of course he was not criminally respon- sible. Did he also know that what he was doing was wrong? He was perfectly aware that doubts on the universal applicability of this rule had been expressed by many eminent persons for whose opinion he had the greatest respect. But if it was to be altered at all, it must be altered by Act of Parliament. It was the rule laid down by the Judges, and was that which guided the House of Lords in 3, well known case, when alearned Judge, peihaps the most learned and the most cautious he could remember, Mr. Justice Maule, expressed a doubt upon some parts of the rule not now before the jury, but upon this part of the rule he was of the same opinion as the other Judges. Therefore, the jury must take it from him, and upon the authority of counsel upon both sides. The ques- tion then was did the prisoner know what he was doing ? If that was not the law, it must be altered by Act of Parliament. There was not very much encouragement to make an alteration; for one of the learned counsel (Mr. De unan), at any rate, would remember that not long ago when an alteration as to the definition or the crime of murder was attempted, it signally and igno- miniously failed. Having stated what the question for their < -onsideratioa was, he would noW proceed to read the evidence. The jury had heard it at great length .11 d also the learned counsel on both sides, a privilo e which, after long experience, he valued more ami more every day. The evidence was then it" (1 over by his lordship. The jury, he went Oil to say, were to look at the act itself, and to say w" rther they believed upon the evidence that the prL was or was not in a condition to know what h.) was doing, and the nature of the act at the time he committed it. Mr. Denman was perfectly right when he said that the burden of proving that lay upon the prisoner. Prima facie, this was a case of murder. They had had a large body of evidence to show that the presumption was rebutted by the cir- cumstances of the case, and that the person who com- mitted it was not of sound mind 111 this re- spect, and that he did not know what he was doing and the nature and consequences of his act. There was abundant evidence that after the offence he was conscious that the act was wrong but the question was, was he conscious that he was wrong not after, but at the time ? Something had been said about suicide. He did not think that the attempt to commit suicide was so very material either one way or the other. This might be said certainly. The learned counsel for the prosecution, who was himself a distin- guished scholar, knew perfectly well that in the ancient heathen philosophy, in the times of Zeno and Epicurus, after all the duties and trials of life had gone, and nothing but suffering remained to be endured, it was taught that a man might go quietly out of the world. But one of the wisest men had written that the human frame should be taken to pieces, and was best taken to pieces by the Power that compacted it and put it together. The doctrine of the Christian Church was plain. They would be doing the prisoner no more than justice by supposing that he believed in the doctrines he taught; and, therefore, suicide in a clergyman, who believed in the doc- trine of repentance and forgiveness, was a more formidable sin than in ordinary cases, in which persons committing it rushed into the presence of their Maker in the commission of actual sin. It might be that this act of suicide should be looked at in that light, an d not as though it was precisely the case of an ordin ary individual. He had endeavoured to state the evidence to the jury on both sides. If they fancied they discovered any leaning in him, he begged them to disregard it altogether. The responsibility was not with him, and he did not mean to assume it. It was certainly with them. Primd facie, it was a case of murder, but if they thought upon this evidence, he might say well deserv- ing their consideration, either. that the prisoner did not know what he was doing or did not know he was doing wrong, in that case they would acquit him, but they must state the reason why. The jury retired at five minutes past five o'clock to consider their t verdict, and returned into court at twenty-five minutes to seven. Their names having been called over, and the prisoner having been brought to the dock, the Clerk of Arraigns (Mr. Avory) asked them if they had agreed upon a verdict. The foreman replied that they had. Mr. Avory Do you find the prisoner Guilty or Not Guilty. The Foreman: We find him Guilty bat we wish strongly to recommend him to the mercy and clemency of the Crown on account of his advanced age and previous good character. Mr. Avory, amid profound silence, asked the pri- soner if he had anything to say for himself why the Court should not give him judgment to die according to law. The prisoner, in a low voice answered,—I only wish to say that the defence which has been maintained in my favour is a just and honest one. Mr. Justice Byles, assuming the black cap, said Prisoner at the bar,—Nobody who has heard this trial can regard your case otherwise than with the deepest compassion. My duty is simply to pro- nounce the sentence of the law—that ycu ? taken to the place whence you came, and then be delivered to the custody of the Sheriff of Surrey; that you then be taken to a place of execution, be hanged by the neck until you be dead, and that your body be buried within the precincts of the prison. May the Lord have mercy on your soul! The prisoner, who was evidently in a weak state, was removed from the dock with the assistance of two warders. The jury, who had been detained for two nights at Cannon-street Hotel, were then discharged.
DEAN STANLEY ON THE CHURCH…
DEAN STANLEY ON THE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND. • On Thurs(layevening last week, Dean Stanley de- livered to the inembers of the Edinburgh Philosophical Institution his third lecture on the" History of the Church of Scotland." In the course of his remarks he said that one ex- ample of intolerance which was at times found in the most tolerant of schools, appeared in the early history of the Scotch Latitudinarians. In the venerable cemetery of Greyfriars' Church, which contained the dust of all the contending factions of Scottish history, there rose a stately monument at once the glory and the shame of Scotch Liberals. It was the ponderous tomb, bolted and barred, of Sir George Mackenzie, the Lord Advocate under James II. It was of him that David Deans said he would be be kenned by the name of Bloody Mackenzie as long as there was a Scotch tongue to speak the word. At the massive wooden door of that huge mausoleum in the Greyfriars' Churchyard even to this day, he was told, the boys of the old town of Edinburgh ventured as a feat of boyish audacity, in the gloaming, to shout through the keyhole and then run for their lives :— "Lift the sneck and draw the har, Bluidy Mackenzie come out If ye daur." It was strange that this memory belonged to one who was deemed, even by his political adversaries, the brightest Scotchman of his 'time, the bold advo- cate of the rights of the subject, the reformer of some of the worst abuses of Scotch law, and a philosophic theologian of the largest type. He was perfectly indifferent to the exclusive claims of Episcopacy or Presbytery; the laws of his country were to him a sufficient warrant for the forms of religion. Yet this great lawyei, so just, so en- lightened beyond his age, was, by stress1 of circum- stances, and perhaps by the excess of his philosophic indifference, induced to frame and administer those dreadful laws by which the Scotch Covenanters were exiled and slaughtered. He remained, therefore, a warning to all liberal statesmen # and liberal divines, that liberality of theory did not always carry with it liberality of action. When he (the Dean) stood in that historic cemetery before the tomb of the ancient Covenanters, his heart glowed with lespect for honourable though mistaken adversaries. When he sought for the grave of Carstairs or gazed on t he tomb of Robertson he delighted in the thought that spirits so generous and so noble as theirs were follow-workers and forerunners in the mission which he and those with whom he laboured delighted to pursue. But when he turned to the monument of the Bloody Mackenzie," it was with bitter thought that he saw there the memorial of a valued friend who had betrayed and dishonoured a noble cause, and given occasion, it might be, to the enemies of freedom, charity, and truth to blaspheme those holy es.. It was, perhaps, another form of the almost inevitable one. sidedness which belonged to movements of the human mind that, during the ascendancy of the Moderates, the Church of Scotland partook of the lukewarmness of zeal in regard to great religious and philanthropic objects which pervaded all Christendom during the eighteenth century. But, in justice to both Scotland and that now unduly depreciated age, it must be remembered that then, for the first time a serious attempt was made to evangelize and enlighten the outlying districts of the Highlands, which during the fierce contentions for and against the Covenant, had been left untended in the depth of ignorance and superstition. Even if we asked for ^.e ™°i"e stirring scenes of religious revival it could hardly be sa,id that Scotland during the last century feU behind, England, or the Established Church of Scotland behind the seceding sects. When Whitfield came to Scotland it was not in the seceding Churches that he found his chief support. It was from the Church of the Moderates, not from the Church of the Covenanters, nor yet the Episcopalians, that 3,000 communicants went forth to receive the Holy Eucharist from what the Secders called the foul prelatic hands of the English clergyman. When we were taught to think of the Edinburgh of that age as cold and dark, we should remem- ber that it was of it that Whitfield said when he left it, "0 Edinburgh, Edinburgh I I think I shall never forget thee." And that same Edin- burgh never forgot him. When, years afterwards, he came to Edinburgh again, he was in danger of being hugged to death by the enthusiastic reception of its citizens, and he sat among them like a king of men upon his throne. When, subsequently, the actor Foote endeavoured to bring out a play in ridicule of his ec- centricities, the town indignantly rose, and the pulpits of the Established Church rang with earnest rebukes. Such (the Dean said) were some of the lights and shadows of the reign of the Scottish Moderates.
=.=:..--GARDENING OPERATIONS…
=.=: GARDENING OPERATIONS FOR THE WEEK. (From the Gardeners Magazine.) [An excellent weekly Journal, containing much valuable .^formation for amateur and professional gar doners.! KITCHEN GARDEN FRAME GROUND. Take advantage of frosty weather to wheel manure and dressings of other materials on quarters from which the crops are cleared. This is an important matter, for it ruins walks to wheel upon them when they are wet and soft from the frost and rain. Turnover and mix together manure-. heaps to assist the decay of the various components, and prepare them for use without further trouble when the compost is wanted hi the spring. Quick and all other hedges with the exceptien of evergreens, should be cut and repaired without delay if necessary, so as to leave as little work of this kind as possible for succeeding weeks. Trench- ing and ridging-up unoccupied quarters should be carried on with activity. The ground cannot be too rough, or too much exposed through the winter therefore the sooner it is done the longer time will there be for the frost to act upon it. In wet weather, instead of keeping the hands out of doors, set them to examine the various store-rooms, and clear out all the decaying fruit and roots of every descrip- tion, to prevent the sound ones getting contaminated. Asparagus Beds.—These should be attended to at once, if not already done. Clear away all the old haulm and weeds and give them a good dressing of rotten dung; that from an old hotbed is preferable. Cover the manure with about three inches of soil from the spaces between the beds. Carrots— A small sowing of Early Horn may be made on a warm sheltered border choose ground that was dug up roughly in the autumn, and has been thoroughly exposed to the weather. In light sandy soil, with a little protection in sharp weather, a nice crop may be had. Old soil from the potting bench, in combination with charred and thoroughly-decayed vegetable refuse, and all thoroughly in- corporated together, will be invaluable for such purposes. Caulifloicers. —Those under hand-lights and In frames should have an abundance of air, whenever the state of the weather will admit of its being done with safety. To keep them hardy and stocky, take the lights entirely off for a few hours on fine days. Keep the foliage dry, and remove all decayed leaves without delay. Cover the lights with mats, straw hurdles, or long litter, on frosty nights. Endive.—Take up all that is nearly or quite ready for use, and plant in frames or the borders of any of the fruit-houses that are at rest, to preserve them from frost and dust. Onions.— A small bed of the Silver-skin sown now under the same conditions as required for the carrots will be use- ful for drawing for salads and flavouring. Peas.—Sow a good breadth of Ringleader and Sangster's No. 1. The first is a few days the earliest, but not so pro- lific or so long lasting as the latter. Choose a south border, and make the rows six feet apart. The peas obtain more light, and consequently bear better, than they possibly can do when crowded together in the ordinary way, and the spaces between are invaluable for early potatoes, lettuce, radishes, and other early spring crops. French Beans.—Sow in small pots in light rich soil, and directly the pots are full of roots, repot into eight-inch pots. Another good plan is to sow in pans or boxes full of leaf- mould, and prick off into large pots when the first pair of rough leaves are developed. Place near the glass when young, to prevent their being drawn up. Take every pre- caution to prevent the appearance of red-spider. Mushrooms.—Collect horse-droppings, and keep them dry for succession beds. Keep a rather moist temperature in the mushroom-house of about 55 degs. or 60 degs.; and that of the beds five degrees higher. Potatoes.—Lay sets of early sorts on the floor of the forcing-house, and in the light, to enable them to 1011n hard purple routs, ready for turning out on a gentle hotbed. No soil should be put over the tubers, for when they make roots they suffer from the removal to their permanent quarters. FI/OWER GARBED. Very little work of importance cin be done in this depart- ment at this season. The lawn should be thoroughly swept and rolled once a week at least, to keep a good firm bottom. and give It a elean and cheerful appearance. Gravel walks may now be turned. This should be done without disturb- ing the rough stuff underneath, for that is not wanted on the surface. Walks when first made should always have a sum- cient depth of fine gravel on the surface to admit of their being turned over every other year if required. By turning them in a proper and workmanlike manner, theyean be kept clean and in good condition for a long time. FRUIT GARDEN AND FORCING AND ORCHARD HOUSES. Pines.—Plants swelling their fruit must receive every en. couragement. The temperature should be kept at 75 degs. by day and 70 degs. by night. Those not yet showing fruit ought to be kept rather quiet, and in five degrees less heat. As the succession plants and suekers are now at rest, they should not have more heat than ten degrees less than the fruiters. If they are forced into growth at this season, they will be eompletely ruined, for there is not a sllfficiency of solar light to properly elaborate the sap, and all the foliage made now is necessarily drawn and weak and by and by, when they are moved, the leaves will fall about in all directions. The bottom-heat for each section of plants should be from five to ten degrees higher than the atmospheric temperature. Give a little air in the middle of the day when possible. Kines.—If not already done, all vines from which the fruit is gathered should be pruned at once and dressed. When the pruning is left until the sap begins te move, the vines suffer severely from bleeding; when done now the wounds get healed over. Those that are to be started at once ought to have been psuned two months back. The loose bark, which will part readily from the vine, should be cleared oif, and the whole of the remaining wood have a thorough wash- iug with warm water and soft soap. Gishurst Compound can be used in place of the soft soap, if preferred. A moderetely soft brush should be usd, and it should be worked thoroughly into every crevice in the bark to remove all larvae of red-spider and other pests which prey upon the vine. A iroderate amount of care is re- quired in doing this to prevent the dormant buds receiv- ing any injury. After the vines are well washed, dress with a mixture of Gishurst Compound, soot, and a little cow-dung, made to the consistency of thick paint. Vines that are to be started shortly should be trained horizontally along the lower part of the rafters, to equalize the flow of the sap, and induce the buds at the lower part of the rod to break strongly. If the vines are old, and there appears the slightest danger of injuring them by the twisting neces- sary to bring them horizontal, simply lower the tops of the vines on a level with the top part of the front sashes, and suspend them in that position with a stout piece of cord tntil the young shoots are from one to two inches in length. Houses just started should be kept at a temperature of 40 deg. by night and 45 deg. by day, allowing a little increase by sun-heat. Vines in eariier houses showing leaf should have a temperature of 55 deg. by night, with an additional ten degs. during the day. FRUIT GARDE*. Raspberries.—Where required, fresh plantations of this useful and delicious fruit can be made now. The ground should be either very deeply dug or trenched, and a mode- rate dressing of manure applied heavy dressings of manure are not required, for that tends to promote a gros3 growth with but little fruit. The rows should be four feet apart, and the stools three feet from each other in ihe rows. Choose stout healthy canes of last season's growth, and secure them in their places with stout stakes. Prune existing planta- tions, leave four or five moderate-sized aud thoroughly- ripened canes, and cut away all the others close to the ground. Head back the remaining canes to within four or five feet from the base, proportioning the length aecording to the strength of each individual cane. Gooseberry and Currant Trees should be pruned at once, and fresh plantations made where necessary. Thin out all the old and decayed branches, leaving young healthy shoots in their places. Cut away the young growths that cross each other, and keep the centre of the tree open to admit light and air. The fruit will be larger in size and of a better quality than that from trees which are a mass of small spray. Peach and Nectarine Trees indoors should be pruned at once, and washed in much the same numner as recommended for vines. The brush must be worked in an upward direction, to prevent its injuring or rub- bing off the buds. If the growth has been properly regulated through the summer, very little pruning will be necessary. Examine the trees and cut out aU the wood that is worn out, and lay in young shoots to fill up the vacant space. Shoots laid in to fill up vacancies should be shortened according to their strength. Last season's shoots laid in for fruit-bearing should be left about a foot in length, and shortened back to a wood bud. Those shoots which do not exceed this length, are well ripeued, and have a fair proportion of flower-buds, will not require shortening, and may be laid in their full length if there Is space for them. All leading shoots must be cut back rather hard, to enable them to throw out plenty of side-shoots to fill up the trellis as they proceed, or they will grow to a groot length, become naked, and consequently useless. Trees that are to be started at once should be regularly syringed and a moist atmosphere maintained. Fire-heat must be us 1d sparingly, for these lrults bloom naturally at a cold season of the year 50 degs. by day is quite high enough to begin with. Allow the thermometer to go a few degrees higher by the aid of sun-heat, and then give a little air, to prevent its going too high. At night 40 degs. will be a saSe medium. Apple and Pear Trees.—This is a good time for pruning trees trained as espaliers and on walls. It is entirely a matter of taste as to whether the fan or horizontal method is adopted; but for low walls and espaliew we prefer the latter; and for walls of an ordinary height nothing looks more elegant or "natural, or is so favourable for the production of fine fruit, as fan-training. In case the loss of a limb should occur from any cause, itaplace can be more readily supplieù with 3 successor when the trees lire trained Inn shape than by any othe; system. The main branches should be laid in about twelve or fifteen inches apart, the exact distance being regulated according to the strength and vigour of the tree. Trees that have covered the walls and are in full bearing require no pruning beyond regulating the shoots and cutting away superfluous shoots and spurs made through the summer, and shortening others as may be neces¡!ary. GREENHOUSE AND CONSERVATORY. Conscrv«to1"y.-As there is necessarily a mixed collection of flowering plants in thiR structure, and derivable from various sources, some requiring a higher temperature than others, a little attention is necessary in their disposition and arrangement to make all comfortable. Camellias, Heaths, Epacrises, and other hard-wooded plants, should be arranged at the cool end. Forced bulbs and other plants, such as Primu- las, Justicias, Euphorbias, Violets, Lily of the Valley, and Poin- settias, should be kept at the warmest end. Water early in the day, to allow the dampness arising therefrom to be quite dried up before night. Keep the atmosphere dry, to prolong the beauty of the plants in bloom as much as possible. An average temperature of 50 degs. to 55 degs. by day, and 45 degs. by night, will meet all requirements. STOVE AND ORCHID HOUSE. Stove.—The inhabitants of this structure must be kept as quiet as possible at this season. Guard against the tempera- ture being too high. In very sharp weather the thermometer maybe allowed to fall to 55 degs., which is preferable to employing an excessive amount of ftr»-heat to keep it at the regular height. Plants at rest must have little or no water. Average temperature from 60 to 65 degs. by day, with a fall of five degrees through the night. Orchid House.—All plants at rest provided with large fleshy bulbs must be kept dry and others, such as Vaudas, must have no more water than is necessary to keep them fresh and healthy. Any that may be making young growth must be placed in the full light, and a little extra care be- stowed upon the watering. Those in bloom should be shifted to the ooolest end of the respective houses, and no drip or damp of any kind must fall upon the flowers.
JEREMY DIDDLER IN PARIS!
JEREMY DIDDLER IN PARIS! Jeremy Diddler has found out a new and very cafe mode of getting a good dinner gratis. He looks out in the street for a decently-dressed young man loafing about, and tells him he knows his parents. The youth naturally enough mentions their names and something about them, and speedily fancies that Jeremy knew beforehand what he tells him. Mr. Diddler then asks his young friend to take a repast with him at the nearest restaurant—say Philippe's in the Rue Mont- torgueil. A youthful appetite rarely refuses such an offer, and the pair are speedily installed at a table served with fish, flesh, and fowl, and the most expen- sive wines. When coffee is brought in the host leaves the table for a moment, saying he is going to buy some cigars. No suspicion is excited for, according to all tavern usages, one of two diners is considered good security for his companion. But the unConscious accomplice in the swindle remains, probably asking for more liquor to while away the time, till lights are put out. Then the (claircisscment comes. He has not a crown in his pocket, and declares he knows nothing of the "friend" who asked him to dinner. He passes the night in the lock- up, and the next morning is claimed by his friends and released, nobody knowing what has become of Mr. Diddler. In a case of this kind it was stated at the Correctional Court that three years ago a man left his niece in pledge at Philippe's, and returning the other day found she had been adopted by the house, and installed as dame du comptoir. The only token she gave of recognising her uncle was to instruct the waiter to tell him that if he wanted cigars they were to be had in the house.
DEATH OF THE DUKE DE PERSIGNY.
DEATH OF THE DUKE DE PERSIGNY. The death is announced of the well-known Bona- partist, the Duke de Persigny, which occurred on Friday, last, at Nice, from an affection of the spinal marrow. M. de Persigny early embraced the cause which he served so long and so steadfastly. He was a Bonapartist when the very name appeared an anomaly, and he took an active part in schemes full of difficulty and danger, in the success of which it seemed as though none but an enthusiast could have believed. In time his devotion had its reward. The Second Empire was established to a great extent by his aid, and then power, rank, and wealth came to him in full measure. He was made a. Count, and after- wards a Duke; he was a Minister, a Senator, an Am- bassador. It was impossible for services to be more distinctly recognised or more liberally rewarded. Jean Gilbert Victor Fialin was born at St. Germain- Lespinasse, in the Loire, on the 11th January, 1808. After studying at the College of Limoges, he entered the army when seventeen years of age, and served in a cavalry regiment. He was, however, accused of insubor- dination by hie superiors, and had to leave the service. In 1831 he went to Paris, and wrote for the press, and shortly afterwards adopted the name of Persigny, and the title of Viscount which had belonged to his family for a couple of centuries, though it had fallen into disuse. He was converted to Bonapartism by reading the Memorial de St. Helkne and strong in bis new convic- tions—he had formerly Royalist views—he published in 1834 a review called the Occident Franqais, of which, owing to his want of means, only the first number appeared. It introduced him, however, to the ex- King Joseph and to Louis Napoleon, who then resided at Arenenberg. From that time he attached himself to the fortunes of the Bonaparte family, and laboured for them with extra- ordinary ardour. He was the principal instigator of the Strasburg plot, and made all the arrangements for carrying it out. He succeeded in escaping when it failed, and sought refuge in England, where, in 1837, he published an account of the circumstances. In the Boulogne plotj four years later, he was also con- cerned, but this time he did not succeed in escaping, but was tried and sentenced to twenty years' im- prisonment. Owing to illness he enjoyed consider- able liberty while in confinement, and employed his leisure in writing a long essay on the Utility of the Pyramids of Egypt, which he sent to the Institute. On the fall of Louis Philippe, M. de Persigny hastened to Paris, and again devoted himself to the Bonapartist oause. In 1849 he became a member of the Assembly, and in this position rendered good service to the Prince President, crowning the work by playing a prominent part in the Coup d'Etat. The hard work was now over, and he began in earnest to reap the results of ft. He was made Minister of the Interior in 1852, and signed the de- crees confiscating the Orleans property. In 1854 he resigned office, and sat for a while in the Senate, to which he had been elevated two years previously. In 1855 he came to London as Ambassador and remained until the commencement of 1858. He filled the same post a second time the next year, replacing Marshal Pelissier. In November, 1860, he returned to fill the post of Minister of the Interior, and resigned in June, 1863. Shortly afterwards he was created a Duke by the Emperor. From that period he ceased to playa prominent part in political affairs, but from time to time he spoke and wrote upon current topics. He was a declared enemy of the parliamentary system, and approved of the restrictions placed upon the 1 rench press. M. de Persigny married in 1852 the only daughter of the Prince of Moskowa, and received from the Emperor Napoleon on the occasion a wedding present of £20,000.
A PANTHER-HUNT 'TWEEN DECKS.
A PANTHER-HUNT 'TWEEN DECKS. An Indian paper narrates the following exciting adven- ture :— The Glenartney, Captain Bolton, when on her last voyage to Calcutta, received on board in the Straits one of the larger specimens of the black panther of the jungles. The animal was secured in an iron cage- house, sufficiently strong, it was thought, for its con- veyance to Calcutta. About midnight of the day after leaving, when in the Straits of Malacca, sudden screams and cries of alarm were raised by the passengers in the 'tween decks—numbering some 300 men, women, and children these were followed by a pell-mell rush upon deck of all who could find the ways and means of ascent, and were strong enough to force their way among the crush. Captain Bolton and officers were not long in ascertaining that by some means the panther had got clear of its cage and found its way down to the 'tween decks, and that it had been disporting itself over the prostrate forms of the 300 slumbering passengers for some minutes before his presence became known and the alarm was raised, and a stampede made for the deck. Precautions were at once taken to preserve order, every available means of exit were thrown flpen, and happily all the passengers—men, women, and children, got on deck in safety, when the hatches and com- panions were again closed and the panther left in undisputed and solitary possession of the 'tween decks. One man alone appeared to have suffered from the claws of the animal, a large strip of skin and flesh having been torn off his back; the other passengers had suffered from nothing worse than the fright. Various accounts of the behaviour of the animal while below were given by those who had seen him; but most concurred in saying, that after gambolling over the sleeping bodies as described, the alarm was given and the shouts and screams were raised, he had made one or two frightened springs from one end of the deck to the other, and then made straight for a large open port which had caught his eye—through which he made one clean bound into the sea. After waiting for some hours and no sounds being heard from below, it was concluded that the animal must have thus taken his leave of the ship; and Captain Bolton, with a party of about twenty of his officers and crew, the former armed, and the latter with bamboos and bars, proceeded to the 'tween decks, and after beating thoroughly around for over an hour, could find no trace of him. The steamer arrived next day in Penang, the passengers settled down in their quarters as before, and all the Penang cargo having been taken on board she started the same evening for Calcutta. During the night some boatswain's stores were required from forward, and one of the Chinese Lascars was sent down to get them, when he soon returned trembling with fear, exclaiming, Tiger have gotee down there and firmly declining to go down with Captain Bolton and point him out. Not quite believing the man's story, and unwilling to give a second alarm, Captain Bolton sent for hisbreechloading rifle and cartridges, and went down the hatch by himself—ordering it to be closed after him, lest if the beast really were there it should get on to the deck, and re-enact the alarm of two nights before. On reaching the deck of the store-room and looking round, Captain Bolton saw the large yellow-lit eyes of the animal glaring down from the top of some spars stowed along the ship's side, and bye ana-bye, by the dim light admitted by the port, could make out the outline of the body, when, taking as steady an aim as he could for what he considered the centre of the animal's body, heletfire. All was silent, and no noise was made, and Capt. Bolton hoped his shot had taken good effect; but when the smoke from the discharge cleared away, the two yellow eyes were still glaring down from the same direction a second cartridge having been supplied, the rifle was again raised with as steady a hand as he could command, and, following the second discharge of the piece, Captain Bolton had the satisfaction to hear the heavy body of the animal come tumbling down on to the deck at his feet. Both shots had entered the side close to the heart, but only the latter had touched the heart itself. The animal measured seven feet eight inches in length and whatever may be said of the perils of tiger shooting in the jungle, we would a deal rather try the sport there than have to challenge the monster face to face, like Captain Bolton, in a ship's store-room.
FRENCH THRIFT AND SOLVENCY.
FRENCH THRIFT AND SOLVENCY. A rather interesting fact, illustrative of the business habits of the French, and the wonderful manner in which the trading community of Paris has survived the treble perils of the war, the siege, and the Com- munist insurrection, has only recently been mentioned to us (says the Economist). A wholesale manufacturer in London found himself, when the Paris siege com- menced, a creditor of Paris houses to the extent of nearly £20,000, half of which at least he concluded to set down as finally irrecoverable. In reality, his expec- tations were not very high of the recovery of any part of his debts, the regime of prolonged bills apparently pro- mising to render certain an almost total loss. To his satisfaction, however, he has found within the last month or two that, instead of having to lose half or any considerable part of his Paris debts, he has received payment of every penny owing to him. The ex- perience, we believe, is far from unusual with business people having relations with Paris, and it corroborates in a striking manner the inferences as to the soundness of French trade derived from such facts as the com- plete liquidation by the Socicto Générale of all the ante-siege claims upon it, and the settlement of the postponed bills held by the Bank of France without any apparent loss. One cause of these remarkable results no doubt is that credit has gone only a little way in France; there was no delicate and ramified system to be destroyed by the tempests of invasion and civil war. But even allowing for this cause, thrift, enduranoe, business probity, androol wealth must have been com- bmed to enable a trading community to issue solvent out of such difficulties. That the commercial men of France have proved their possession of such qualities raises the strongest presumption that if M. Thiers would only permit them, and would not afflict them with a bad currency, vicious taxes, and a Protec- tionist tariff, they would not be long in recovering lost ground.
EPITOME OF"NtEWS,
EPITOME OF"NtEWS, BRITISH AND FODEIGN. The State apartments of Windsor Castle were opened to the public last Monday. Baron Adolphus Rothschild has founded at Nice a refuge for a hundred children. The ratepayers of Hull rejected on Saturday a pro- position to adopt the Free Libraries Act in their borough. The Emperor of Braail has been the largest buyer 0 photographs ever known in Paris. His purchases have been packed up in three large boxes The Trade Union Congress at Nottingham closed on Saturday night. Next year's meeeing will be held at Leeds A poor woman in Liverpool, whose husband died about five months ago, has recently been confined of four children (three boys and a girl). The Marchioness of Lansdowne was safely delivered of a son and heir on Sunday at Lansdowne House. Her lady- ship and infant are both doing well. The Sultan has conferred upon Essad Pasha, Minister of War, the Order of the MedjidiC of 1st class set in diamonds. No less than 208 fatal street accidents occurred in London during the past year, being an increase on either of the two preceding years, even allowing for the increased population. The Eclipsi, a Paris weekly illustrated comic paper, has been seized again. Its chief cartoon represented the Bishop of Orleans hesitating between the Academy and the Assembly, with the words underneath, "Heads or tails ?" On Saturday a pensioner named Rice, formerly of the 48th Foot, resident in Clare Market, London, quarrelled with a woman with whom he lived. In the course of the dispute she plunged a knife into him, and mutilated him so seriously that he now lies in a dangerous condition. The magistrates of the county of Dublin met on Saturday, a large number being present, to congratulate her Majesty and the Princess -of Wales on the recovery of the Prince of Wales. Copies of the resolution were ordered to be laid before the Queen and the Princess of Wales. The population of the little kingdom of Greece, according the last census for 1870, amounted to 1,457,894 in- habitants, of which 754,176 were males and 703,716 females. Comparing the present returns with those of 1860, an increase is shown of 132,615 souls. Athens has a population of 44,510 souls. The following curious advertisement is taken from a Paris paper :—"Marriages.—Two sisters, very distinguished, of the first nobility, retired from the world, aged nineteen, and twenty-three respectively, with a fortune of four millions each, desire to be united to two gentlemen, not older than fifty, possessing titles and fortunes.—Address for par- ticulars, The Paris journals are joking Trochu with the word sortie." One of them says the general got out of a railway- carriage and was going to leave by the wrong gate, when an official respectfully remarked, This way, general, for the 'sortie!' upon which the distinguished soldier, horrified at the reminiscences of Paris, jumped into the carriage again and sped on his way. A Radical English paper quotes the following from an American contemporary, heading it "A Hint to Home Reformers" :—The Columbian Govenment, finding itself iu monetary difficulties, has reduced its army to a thousand men, and the salaries of Its officials ten per cent. [France might take a hint from this]. According to the New York Tribune, a civil engineer of Chicago has petitioned Congress for aid to enable him to test his method for the artificial production of rain. He wants to be furnished with 300 cannon of not less than 24-pounds calibre each, and lbs. of powder to fire in tliem, together with an electrical battery and other ap- pliances, to enable him to discharge all the pieces simul- taneously Some fifteen hundred Irishmen met in Dundee on Sunday afternoon to consider the question of Home Rule for Ireland. In the course of the proceedings, which wore very orderly, two resolutions were passed, one binding the Irish- men of the town to co-operate with their brethren elsewhere in securing for Ireland her native Government, and.te othcr appointing It committee to assist the Dublin committee in every possible way to obtain the re-establishment of the Irish Parliament. Some strong language was indulged in, and the consequence of a refusal of what were rearded as the just rights of Ireland was said to be recourse to blood- shed. ^—————i^ In a Hindu prayer for his recovery, the Prince of Wales was spoken of as "the joy of the Queen and the ocean of merit." The Captain Relief Fund amounts to £ 57,824, sufficient to carry out the scheme of relief originally con- templated. T -ft said that Lord C aims, as chairman of the ♦1 »«v. ure Commission, has signed a report recommending o thirtyDUml)er °* ("ount>' Court Judges should be reduced Magdebourg and of North Germany << unpleasant and uncouth words r ranee Is our debtor, and so long as she remains so, mus continue to be our subject." The Art Union of London will give a set of eight plates of coast scenery to each subscriber of one guinea for ^.le c.llrre.n^ yeai''lr) addition to the chance of a prize in the distribution In April. What is believed to to the most laconic address to the Jury 011 returd, was delivered by Mr. Montatrue Here Q.C., at Bristol, the other day. fThe Recorder summed up the case in the following words: Gentle-en of the Jurv which of the parties has spoken the truth ? Mr. Ruskin's munificent offer of £ 5,000, for the purpose of an endowment to pay a master of drawing in the Taylor Galleries, has, with some modifications approved by Mr. Ruskin, been cordially accepted by the University of Oxford. The postal authorities have now under consideration an invention by which the handwriting of persons telegraph- ing a message will be transmitted by the telegraph. It is very probable that the Post-office will introduce this in- genious application of electricity into the public service. The death is announced, in letters from Anjou, of the Marquis of Breteux-Villiers, belonging to one of the oldest families in the province. He was out shooting, when, in his Jumping over a ditch, the shock caused his gun to go off, and the whole charge entered his breast, kining him almost instantaneously. It is proposed to place a stained window in Berkele parish church in memory of Dr. Edward Jenner, the dls coverer of vaccination, who was born at Berkeley, lived and died there, and was buried in the chancel of the parish church. The subject of the window, which will cost &boo, of which 4100 has been subscribed, is to be Christ healing the siok." Mr. Arthur Helps tells us that he went one morn- ing into one of the ministerial oflices and found the private secretary of the chief (who had gone into the country to rest) packing up to him 108 letters which had come by the morn- ing s post. And then there would be the afternoon's de- livery An ingenious Frenchman advertises as follows :— An honourable merchant, aged forty years, bachelor, having suffered heavy losses during the last eighteen months, is insolvent for the sum of 60,000f., which he cannot pay. He engages himself, on his honour, to serve all his life, for his board and lodging only, the person who will pay this amount for him P., in Notes and Queries, says, "Have any of your readers met with a piece of the waistcoat worn by Charies?L on Jan. 30, 1649 ? I have in my possession a piece of rich red striped silk, brocaded with silver and yellow silk, said to have been worn by him at his execution, and shall be glad to know if any one else possesses a portion of the same, and can give an authentic account of its history." One who signs himself "Silverless" writes I re- quire weekly for my customers an average of from jCSOto jSIM silver coin. I go to the Bank of England, and am put off with £10 or 420 at the most, and a week ago was refused al- together. Colonel Tomline was fortunate in getting two thin sixpences changed, as a few weeks since the Bank of England were in such straits for silver that they actually had to re-issue the thin money they had themselves with- drawn from circulation." A cottage at Hartland, Devon, was struck by lightning during a thunderstorm on Friday in last week, and first the chimney, then the roof gave way. A farm ser- vant named Beer saw the occurrence and also two children fall down, and on going to their assistance they told him there was another child inside the cottage. He went for help, and on returning found more of the building had given way. Ihe missing child, much marked Pbout the face, was found buried under several tons of rubbish. The Oxford Local Board are about to appoint a Medical Officer of Health for their district to act during the progress of the drainage works, at a salary of £ 150 per annum. The health of Oxford has been the subject of much discussion of late, and it would appeal' that a medical in- spector is needed irrespective of the drainage scheme. The weekly report of the sanitary committee shows six fresh cases of small-pox up to the 11th of January, making a total of 32 under treatment. The illness of his Royal Hignees the Prince of Wales will be a national blessing if it causes a reform of our house drainage. Put it won't. There is probably too much truth in what the landlord-and builder-of a house said to a lady the other day. As an intending tenant, she was very particular in her inquiries as to the sanitary arrangements. She asked had this and that been done The landlord con- fessed that the suggested precautions had not been taken. But," he added, "you need not be afraid, ma'am it's only the illness of the Prince of Wales that has caused people to be so particular. It will soon blow over." Mr. Armitstead, one of the members for Dundee, has most generously presented 45,000 to be expended in pro- viding two club-houses for the working men. Several gentlemen are to be appointed trustees, but the intention is to leave the working men who become members to manage the clubs themselves. It is expected that after they are set agoing the clubs will become self-supporting and in con- nection with each are to be a reading-room, refreshment room, smoking-room, amusement-room, and lavatories. A house is to be opened in the east and west districts Of the town. In the new number of the Almanack de Gatka, its 109tli, Republican France fs relegated to the end of' the volume, where It follows "Zanzibar;" a chapter headed Maison Bonaparte" in each of the first two parts of the work being devoted to a genealogical account of what the editor, loyal to the Royalist traditions of the Ahnanach, still styles the Ligne ImpCriale de France, and its cadet branches. The Kingdom of Italy now appears for the first time as one separate and united State, the "Pontifical States of former editions having been compressed into a single entry, entitled Saint Sigge Apostoliqife," which fits alphabetically into a new place between "St. Dominiaue" and the" Sandwich Isles." The Spectator says the speech is understood on &U hands as an announcement that Lord Derby remains an active leader of the Conservatives, that he endorses Mr. Disraeli's advice to wait till the pear ripens, that he accepts but scorns the ballot, and that he thinks his party may successfully resist strong constructive legislation, tespecially restrictive licensing laws, sanitary laws, laws remodelling county government, and laws such as were suggested by the neo- inuters uc tne nociai finance, tie is opposed to Home Rule, to any concession to I ltramontanes, and to intervention in the next great war on the Continent, and in favour only of judicial reform and of a limited creation of Life Peers. It has been decided in the Central Criminal Court that clowns have privileges which merchant princes might claim in vain. Most people might suppose that" Mr. Merryman" was not of the social standing which would entitle him to be summoned to serve on a jury, but this would be a mistake. One of the first jurors whose name was called at the Old Bailey the other morning, expressed a hope that their lordships would excuse him. On what ground r asked Mr. Commissioner Kerr. The applicant replied, Because I am clown in the pantomime, at Co vent Garden. I have to perform in day representations of the pantomime, and the penalty on me for non-appearance on any occasion of a per. formance is £100. Here is my bond for your lordships to see its conditions." Mr. Commissioner Kerr: Tou stand excused." The arbitrator in the Albert Arbitration has just directed the issue of notices of the payments of dividends In connection with this arbitration. In the Family Endowment Society a first dividend of 16s. in the pound in respect of an- nuity contracts and arrears of annuities to 24th of November, 1869, the date of the winding-up order, will be paid at T. Waterloo-place. London, on Tuesday, January 23. A similar dividend on endowment contracts will be paid at the same time. In the Bank of London and National Provincial Asso- ciation a dividend of like amount will be paid on the 24th of January. In the Western Life Assurance Society the an- nuitants have already received (in chancery) 2s. 6d. In the pound, and balance, making 20s. in the ponnd, will be paid on the 25th of January. Last Saturday a soirie of Teetotallers who bad abstained from the use o Intoxicating liquors for 20 Wan and upwards was held in the Temperance-hall, Bolton Nearly 700 persons were present, the average number of years they had abstained being 2SJ. Mr. James Barlow jp presided. Aldermen Ferguson. J.P., and Robert Smaller, J.P., Mr. Raper, Rev. E. Franks, and about 20 other gentle- men qualified by abstinence, addressed the meeting. The greater proportion of the remarkable assembly were men and all classes of society were represented. Twenty thou- sand years of total abstinence were stated to be present, and 3S3 had been abstainers during the whole of their lives. Nine persons had a Teetotal average of 55 years each. The average ago of those present was 38.
THE MARKETS.
THE MARKETS. MARK-LAKE.—MoNDAT. At Mark-lane to-day there was a moderate supply of English wheat, but the general quality was indifferent. With a fair attendance of millers the trade was firm for cheice dry samples, and for such full prices were paid, rather more money being in some instances obtained. Damp and inferior parcels were difficult to sell. There was a fair show of foreign wheat on the stands. Fine samples were in request at extreme currencies, otherwise the demand was inactive. With barley the market has been moderately sup- plied. Fine malting produce has met a fair sale, but grind- ing and distilling sorts have sold quietly. Malt has been dull, at late rates. Fair average supplies of oats have been on offer. Fine samples have changed hands to a moderate extent, at full prices. Other qualities have been quiet. Beans have changed hands quietly, at late rates. Peas have been in limited request, on former terms. For maize there has been a moderate demand, at full prices. The flour market has been quiet, and prices have been without change. METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET.—MONDAY. A quiet tone has pervaded the cattle trade to-day. The depression in the dead meat market has imparted dulness to the demand, but the shortness of the sup- plies and the cooler weather have checked the down- ward tendency. As regards beasts, the number on offer has been small. In all breeds sales have progressed slowly, but prices have been maintained. The best Scots and crosses have sold at 5s. 6d. to Õ8. 8d per SIb. From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cambridgeshire, we re- ceived about 1,800 Scots and crosses from other parts of England, 300 various breeds from Scotland, 210 Scots and crosses; and from Ireland about 100 oxen. The supply of sheep has been only moderate. The demand has been in- active but prices have been steady. The best Downs and half-breds have sold at 6s. lOd. to 7s. per 81b. For calves the demand has been inactive, at about late rates. Pigs have met a slow sale, at previous quotations. At Deptford there have been 110 beasts on offer, but about 1,100 sheep, chiefly from Hamburg, have been on sale. Per 81b. to sink the offal s. d. ø. d. L d. 8 d. Inf. coarse beasts.. 8 8 4 C Prime Southdowns 6 10 7 0 Second quality 4 8 6 2 Large coarse calves 4 C 6 2 Prime large oxen 6 4 5 C Prime small 5 4 g 0 Prime Scots, &c. 5 6 li 8 Large hogs g 84 4 Inf. coarse sheep 4450 Neat small porkers 4 6 6 0 Second qualify 5 4 6 0 Lambs 0 00 Q Pr. coarse woolled 6 4 6 8 Qr.oldstorepigs.ech 0 0 0 0 METROPOLITAN MEAT MARKET.—MONDAY, The supplies of meat have been large. The trade has been dull at depressed currencies. Per 81b. by the carcase. s. d. s. d. 1 li ■ Inferior beef 8 4 3 8 Inferior Mutton 8 8 4 0 Middling ditto S 10 4 2 Middling ditto 4 2 4 8 Prime large ditto 4 4 4 0 Prime ditto 4 10 6 2 Prime small ditto.. i 8 4 10 Large pork. 43 ia Veal 6 4 6 0 Small ditto 4 0 4 6 HOPS. During the past week there has been good inquiry for use- ful descriptions of Kent and Sussex, at improved prices. In higher classes of East and Mid Kent Goldiag sales have been effected less freely. The foreign market generally has been firm, and prices have had an upward movement. The fol- lowing are the quotationsAlid and East Kent £ T0 tn £ 16 16s. Weald of Kent, £ 8 10s. to £ 10 10s. •' Sussen £ 7 Gs. to £ 9 9s. Farnham and country £ ll to em' Yearlings: Mid and East Kent, £ 3 to £ 6 10s • Weald of Kent, £ 3 to £ 6 15s.; Sussex, £ 3 to £ 6 6s F*ra ham and country, £ 4 10s. to .£7. olds, £ 1 bs. to X2 los. FISH. Pickled herrings 20s. 6d. to 30s. red ditto, 12s. to 20# • pe» barrel; bloaters, 2s. to 3s. kippers, Is. lOd. to 3s. 8d.' per siuoKtd haudocks, 20s. u, 30s. per barrel traw! ditto, 1-s. to los. plaice, i_3. i,o Jhs. per basket: turbot, 7s. (ill. to los. bnll, 3s. to cod, 6s. to 12s. each eel* is. to Is. Cxi. per pound; native oysters, £10 6s. pearl Za commons, 12s. tosos. per busheL POTATOES. The supplies have been good. The trade has been dull at about late rates. Regents, 90s. to 120s. fluken Ilos to 140s rocks, 80s. to 90s. Victorias, 100s. to 140s.; trench obs. to 80s. per ton. WOOL. Although the wool market generally presented a quiet appearance, the business doing has not been extensive. The tone, however, is healthy, and prices throughout have bee well maintained,