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w O "W 3ST TALK. BT CUE IjGKDCS COBKESFOIOJEKT. ————— fhtt readers mil understand that we do 1W. void ourselves responsible fer o-tr afsh corresponded s opinions. ] ABSOLUTE dearth of news and gossip must be my ] excuse for a very short letter. It is only necessary to look in the London weeklies to find how an exciting season has worn us all out The Gari- baldi riots in Hyde-park were, for two Sundays, rather promising, but on the third, we learn, people were only beginning to talk about them in case the Redan was levelled, and the rain washed out all fighting enthusiasm. It is confidently stated that the Irish rioters were provided with money — they certainly showed organisation. If any foreign power or potentate, if any friend of Meagher and Corcoran, the Yankee generals, has been spending his money in this way with the view of making a political impression in this country, that money has certainly been wasted. Riots like these have no more effect on the body politic of England than a flea on the neck of a fine lady; she wonders how it got there, but has no fear that it shall be the precursor of a family of fleas. The American news continues to puzzle us, and afford a eapital subject for the never-ending talk of those persons who, after dinner, always dis- course on some subject out of the newspapers. A Confederate Richmond newspaper seems to have gone to the bottom of European and English feeling, for it says that hopes of intervention were always absurd and unreasonable, for Europe can- not be better served than by seeing a dangerous rival divided and busy in playing the part of the Kilkenny cats. Mr. Gladstone made a" sensation when he said aloud, in the hearing of reporters, that Jefferson Davis had made not only an army, but a nation. All observers had felt the truth; it was given to the genius and eloquence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer to embody it in words. If we want to find anything as ridiculous as the air of the Northern papers, pretending to treat with contemptuous indifference the Rebels, who have threatened the Northern capital, and twice driven Northern .armies from the field, we must go back to the times of the old American war, and read how great men like Dr. Johnson thought of American rebels. George III. himself was not more ignorant and overbearing, than the press rowdies of New York. Even now it would be rash to say that the South may not be beaten, but in serious battles it can scarcely be conquered. A cabinet council is called for the 23rd inst. This is much earlier than usual, and conjectures are rife as to the subjects to be discussed, fore- most amongst which are the protracted mischiefs of the American struggle, the Roman 'question, and the Lancashire distress. But it is believed that the first-named is the main point for conside- ration; and, from the hints that were dropped by Mr, Gladstone, it is hoped and believed that, ia conjunction with trance and, perhaps, other European Powers, England will join in proposing some conciliatory measures that will lead the contending States to an amicable agreement. Surely, by this time, they have had enough of war, and will gladly avail themselves of any aid that may release them from this awful embrace. Nevertheless, there are many who think the words of Gladstone do not point to intervention. They argue that Lord Palmerston is too shrewd to make such a mistake. The South hates us as much as the North. We cannot patronise the slave trade or slavery extension.. It is absurd to acknowledge a nation without assay; that was the answer to Hungary years ago. In their judgment we must grin and bear this cotton famine, and thank God the fight is not in our land or on our coast. Z. Z.
OUTLINES OF THE. WEEK.
OUTLINES OF THE. WEEK. e LONDONERS were all on the qui vive on Sunday, to se the proclamation of Sir Richard Mayne carried out in Hyde-park, prohibiting the collecting of riotous persons therein. It will be remembered that on the two previous Sundays seriou3 riots occurred in consequence of meetings being held to sympathise with Garibaldi, which was boldly opposed by a mob of Roman Catho- lic?, the one crying "Long live Garibaldi," and the other, Long live the Pope this was also accom- panied by an occasional shower of brickbats, and the matter was becoming important. Neither of the con- tending parties, however, can claim the lesser share of blame. The first wrong step was taken by those who called a Garibaldian meeting upon a Sunday, in a place set apart for public recreation. Every man has a right to protest against the conversion of a place of public resort into an arena for the advocacy of party doctrines. If the cockneys choose to trail their Garibaldian shirts, Catholics have no right to introduce their Papal cudgels. It is a poor compliment to pay, either to the Pope or to Garibaldi, to turn their respective causes into a sub- ject for Sunday rows. When acts similar to those that occured in Hyde-park a fortnight and three weeks ago take place, disturbing the quiet of a London Sabbath, the people who take part in them must expect to be repudiated by all respectable people on both sides. However, Sir Richard Mayne, by the sanction of the Secretary of State, issued a proclama- tion, forbidding the assemblage of persons in Hyde park for discussion. Accordiu gly, Sun day was looked forward to with some degree of nterest by the various parties, and a serious riot was anticipated; but when morning dawned the weather was such as to cool the spirits of the most ardent aspirant to fame. Nevertheless, amid the pouring rain, some seven or eight thousand persons assembled, tney scarcely knew for what purpose, as the real sympathisers of Garibaldi bad long since withdrawn from any partici- pation in this apparently factious spirit. Sir Richard Mayne had planted eight hundred police within the park, but their services were not required, for, except the occasional mobbing of a poor unfortunate dog who had lost his master, there was no excitement whatever. THE efforts which are now being made to relieve the distress in Lancashire are manifold, and bring out many pleasing and amiable characteristics. A party of distinguished ladies have visited the manufacturing districts, and judged personally how best they may give practical assistance to the poor sufferers. No doubtI greater exertions than are yet made are required. So the poor people feel themselves, and yet are ashamed to tax the s'rangers' generosity too severely. As a proof, we may quote the singular meeting of two thousand starved operative?, which took place at Shawford, near Rochdale. An old woman, was one of the speakers who mounted the cart, and, in a melancholy voice, said: — Sisters and brothers, I thought I would say a few words, as in reality we are very near starved to death. There's five of us in a family, and we are only getting Is. 6d. per head, and we have to buy coal, pay the rent, and pay for our bagging,' which I don't think it is right to think that a body can do it. I think those great men for whom we've worked ought now to try and keep their wark-people' from starving, as they'll want us again. As to the gentlemen in the country giving, they'll weary of giving if they don't see our masters giving summat. This is humble oratory, but it ought to speak as forcibly as though it fell from the lips of a Cobden or a Bright. We are happy to hear of the exertions of ladies, such as Miss Burdett Coutts and others, who have, wherever possible, esta- blished schools for adult females, teaching them not only to read and write, but also needlework, of which, pre- previously, they were fearfully ignorant. A contem- porary, speaking of the exertions of distant ladies, represents as a fact, that, in the whole population of Manchester, not twenty ladies would volunteer their services in this good cause a melancholy instance of the want of feeling of those from whom the poor operative has the greatest claim. WE are rapidly escaping from an abject dependence upon the Slave States ot America for our cotton supply. India is sending us a large amount, and every day fresh sources are being opened. The settlers in Queensland are cultivating it to some extent: a correspondent writes glorious news of their first cotton harvest, stating that the cotton is exceedingly good, and will be highly remu- nerative, at present pricey to the producer, believing that in a short time they will be able to compete with any producing country in the world. The value of zostera marina as a substitute for cotton is still dis- puted; Mr. Harbern's own modest report seems to give hope for it. It can be produced, he says, at 8d. per pound, and at Is. 3d. per pound the mills can be mostly set going. I THE correspondent of a French journal-whether he desires to caricature us, or whether it is his love of fun, we know not, but he foes say some curious things-last week told his readers that a certain baronet attended the Exhibition regularly, and upon one occasion left his purse upon the refreshment stall,*and it fell into the hands of the female attendant. There being a season- ticket inclosed, she easily discovered the owner, and took an opportunity of returning it, upon which he refused to take anything, except the season-ticket, though there was a considerable amount of money in the purse. Well, the baronet continued his visits, and each day left a well-filled purse till the young lady daily expected it, and repaid it with a smile. The baronet, however, was on one occasion going away without leaving the purse, whereupon the lady jogged his memory, and he replied he had this time left something more valuable; and, says our facetious Frenchman, she was soon after Lady L-. How very romantic! But we would tell our friends across the Channel not to believe him; we are, in general, a most unromantic people, and we do not I throw away our money so heedlessly as he would lead them to believe. The last few days of the International Exhibition promise to be as remarkable as any period of its ex- istence, perhaps more remarkable it will certainly not die out with a. sickly flicker. The building will be 1 turned into a shop on a grand scale, and he will not be a very smart tradesman who does not make the most of the occasion, and endeavour to catch the custom of the public. A shop visited daily by from 40,000 to 60,000 persons, intent upon buying a souvenir of the Exhibition, is a fine chance, and immense business will be done. The foreigners are on the alert-the Germans and French having sent over for large supplies of goods to replace those already sold, and doubtless there will be a vast amount of novelty introduced in the goods to tempt the purchasers; so that'if the English follow up the idea in the like spirit, the Exhibition will put on a setting halo, which will be a pleasant memory of its career. The closing ceremony connected with it, and the distri- bution of prizes on the 10th of January, will bring prominently before us the future apparent King of England. The twelve months mourning tor the rnnce Consort will then be complete, and we hope that the feeling of distress will have passed away, and that her Majesty, taking comfort in the prospects of her honoured family, may live long amongst us, a happy and revered sovereign. VICTOR HUGO is to be put up as a member for the new Chamber, which will begin work in December. Paris will, of course, do the daring dead of opposition to Government; if elected, he will not, of course, be allowed to sit. M. Baroche and many others are already soliciting your vote aud interest" in different depart- ments.
POLAND.
POLAND. WARSAW, OCT. 5. At the same time that the news of Count Zamoyski's intended exile arrived at Warsaw, the official organ of M. Wielopolski, the Dzierinik Powszeihny, published an article denying that the Grand Duke had authorised the count to present the address to the Emperor. Strictly taken, there was no formal authoripation thereto, but not only the proclamation of the Grand Duke addressed to the Poles, but the conversation he had with Count Andrew, show that such address was, if not authorised, at least provoked by the viceroy. Count Zamoyski was called upon by him to express the wants and wishes of the nation, and his answer was that he could not do it before having communicated with his countrymen, many of whom came to Warsaw in consequence of the Grand Duke's proclamation, and his questions about the wishes nf hha countrv. Being together they expressed their minds once more frankly and openly. I During the last two years many of the notable Poles f have been invited by the Russian authorities to give 1 information and advice as to the wants of the country. We must not forget of what consequence it was for them. Prison and exile was the reward for their frankness, and those who, during the beginning of the mild regime of Count Lambert, have been consulted, have almost all of them suffered for their credulity and confidence in the honour of Russian officials. It is true that by such means the Government has got away, for some time, the most popular men among the moderate party, but it has, by violating all the principles of honesty and fairness, awakened a deep distrust even in the most credulous. In the south of Poland, in Podolia, a province which has been torn away from the kingdom, and by imperial ukase ordered to be Russian, the nobility, assembled in the town of Kamienietz for the election of their local magistrature, have drawn up an address to the Emperor, asking boldly to be re-united with Poland, on which their province formed part for centuriep. The Russian governor threatened to bury them in .the ruins of the town if they would not alter the address, but the citizens refused, and great anxiety is felt about their ultimate fate. The session of the council of state was opened on the 1st inst. by the Grand Duke with a speech in the Polish language. In this elaborate speech, filled with general- ities the Grand Duke assures the ccuncil of his watch- language. In this elaborate speech, iflled with general- ities, the Grand Duke assures the ccuncil of his watch- fulness over the welfare of the Kingdom of Poland," I and announces that the reforms published lately are being put in execution. The speech contains a kind of report about the wholesale arresl3 of the last two years. The Grand Duke asserts that only 499 persons were committed for political offences, since the proclamation of the state of siege, of whom but 96 are still suffering their fate. This certainly must concern only those who have been sentenced by the court-martial, but not those who have been imprisoned, transported, or draughted into the ranks by special pro-consular orders. And it must be remem- bered that in the course of eight months no less than 50,000 persons were taken in custody into the town prison of Warsaw for political offences, and that to this day several hundred are still imprisoned in the citadel and fortress of Modlin.
FEARFUL RAILWAY COLLISION.
FEARFUL RAILWAY COLLISION. Eleven Lives Lost and Thirty Injured. A fearful collision occurred on MQnday night on the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway. The 5 p.m. passen- ger train from Glasgow to Edinburgh, and the 6 pm. train from Edinburgh to the North, came into collision near Winchburgh. The accident is stated to have occurred through the mistake of a pointsman. At least, eleven lives have been lost, and about thirty more or less severely injured. The accident happened about 6.30, it being caused by a collision between the train that left Glasgow for Edinburgh at five o'clock, and the Scottish Central train (so it was described) which left Edinburgh at six o'clock for Perth. The pointsman, it is said, made a mistake in allowing one train to pass-whether the Edinburgh and Glasgow one or the Scottish Central could not be ascertained, and the fearful result was that the two trains met each other on the same line of rails, hence the catas- trophe. The trains, were going at the rate of only six miles an hour, from which it is evident that both d-i- vers saw their danger, and that they were unable to prevent the collision. It is said that a fair was being held at Winchburgh, the scene of the accident, and the horror and dismay which rapidly spread on all sides may be in some degree imagined. The news flew to Edinburgh, and soon a great crowd was collected at the Waverley station, great numbers of people being anxious to learn if any of their friends had been killed or wounded. The number killed, as far as can be at present ascertained, is eleven, but it is feared that many more deaths will occur. The number of wounded is supposed to be over thirty, and the injuries of several are of a dangerous character. The first company of wounded was, brought to the Waverley, station at 10 o'clock on Tuesday evening, and the scene which then occurred is described as having been extremely painful and affecting. One old lady who had survived the accident was taken dead out of the carriage. Above the noise of the crowd the cries of the wounded were distinctly heard, and everywhere messengers were being sent off for medical men. In Scotland there are DO coroner's inquests, but the sheriff or the procurator-fiscal will doubtless institute an investigation into the cause of the accident.
ANOTHER MARSHLAND SLUICE DESTROYED.
ANOTHER MARSHLAND SLUICE DESTROYED. A letter dated from Lynn, Thursday night, gives the following gratifying informationThe crisis is over, the arrangements which have been made yesterday and to-day having culminated in the most complete success. The Marshland flood, of which so much has been said and written during the last few days, and so. many exaggerated reports circulated, is now virtually at an end. For the first time since Saturday last when the sluice "blew," the tide has to-night been up and gone down again, and not one drop of water has gone over. The tide to-night was as high as it has been yet, and for all that the banks were high enough and strong enough to keep the tidal waters within a circle. In company with the principal farmers and engineers, I stopped until a late hour to watch the suc- cess or otherwise of the work, which, to the great joy and satisfaction of all present, was successful. The flood is now virtually at an end. The arrangements made during the last two days to complete a barrier strong enough to inclose the water and prevent it from flowing into the land, have been carried out with the greatest possible energy and perseverance. Yesterday a most substantial earth dam was constructed by about 740 men and 150 tumbrils, and to-day about 50 carts and nearly the same quantity of men as on the previous (lay finv-o murl# two large banks, each from 250 to 300 feet long, and about 3Ufeet wide at the base. They are made of ex- traordinary strength, and are probably able to stand against any tide. n L- Witn rqxerence to Ifie aCLIHU quauui. v w uuu", water, I made investigations on the spot, the result of which shows that there are about 2,700 acres of the land inundated in Short, Broad, and Marshland Fens. In ad- dition to this there are about 12,000 acres of high land, which has been inundated, but there is not more than half this quantity at the present time. The sufferers in the high lands are Mr. Peck, St. Mary's; Mr. Richard John- Johnson, Islington; Mr. Robert Coe, Islington; Mr. Bird, Filney Mr. Senery, Islington; whilst a number of cottagers have been driven from their dwellings to seek shelter elsewhere. The whole extent of inundated land is something less than 4,OGO acres, and of that 500 or 600 acres are already drained. By means of the Marshland drain the whole of the water will soon be carried awav. The sight at the earth dams to-night by moonlight was a most impressive one, and not likely soon to be forgotten. Above a hundred men were kept at work till after the tide had fallen some feet. The Marshland sluice, which is under the care of Mr. A. Saunders, C.E., is being regularly watched, and this is necessary in consequence of the heavy strain there will be on it for some time to come, especially as in the matter of the sluice, since the two catastrophes that have occurred.
ESCAPE AND SUICIDE OF A LUNATIC.
ESCAPE AND SUICIDE OF A LUNATIC. Mr. H. Raffles Walthew, deputy coroner for East Middlesex, held an inquest on Wednesday at the Grove- hall Asylum, Bow, respecting the death of Mr. Benjamin Ward, aged 40, a lunatic gentleman, who, having made his escape from that asylum and been recaptured, com- mitted suicide. TT.„ According to the evidence of John Hill, an attendant, deceased had been an inmate of the gentlemen's ward for some time. He spoke quite rationally. On Thursday evening last he made his escape from the drawing-room by squeezing himself through a narrow ventilating aper- ture in the window. He dropped down into the garden, and then went over the lofty wall which surrounded the building. He got clear off, though he was at once missed and an alarm raised. Next morning he was observed by a barber, who was employed in the asylum, passing along the Mile-end-road, and the barber knowing him, spoke to him, apparently dicconcerting him a good deal, and then entered into conversation with him ami hroiiebt him back to the asylum. He was given a charge to witness, who amused him the best way he :ould, and for that purpose took him into the garden. Be there said that after he had escaped over the wall he letermined to throw his pursuers out of their reckoning by walking to Woodford, which was about seven miles in the opposite direction to London, and thus avoid the road they would be almost sure to suppose he had taken. When he got to Woodford be took lodgings, where he spent the night. The next morning, however, he considered that if he could get into London he should be more likely to escape notice, and he accordingly set out early to enter it unob- served, and he should have succeeded perfectly only for the accident of Gilbert, the barber, spying him from his shop as he was passing in the morning. He said that he had set his heart on accomplishing his escape. Shortly after thi9 conversation witness turned his back for a moment, and directly afterwards missed the deceased. Supposing he had again tried to escape, witness bad the grounds searched, but without avail. Upon the house being searched, however, he was found hanging to the cornice of his beadstead by a new rope which he must have bought while in Woodford. The body was warm, I., t- nnifo A-srfinnf nroved without Avail. Dr. Alonzo Stocker, medical superintendent of the asylum, said that deceased had been led to make his escape by a vision which told him that his wife was dead. The Coroner remarked that it ought to be rendered impossible for any lunatic to commit suicide in an asylum. Dr. Stocker said that if precautions of an extreme kind were carried out, the place would partake of such a prison-like aspect that the curative treatment of the patients would become impossible. There were 100 or 200 patients in the establishment who had been admitted as suicidal, but the cheerful, unrestraining system had such an influence on them, that the present was only the second instance of suicide that had been accomplished. The jury returned a verdict of ".Suicide while of un- sound mind/3
ITALY
ITALY The Nationality of Turin, Oct, 1 0,~j1"1 irum ux. rupari, stating tnat XJaribaldis wound pro- gresses favourably. The physician expresses a hope that the cure will be more complete than was appre- hended. A proclamation, signed by two Hungarians, formerly belonging to the Hungarian Legion, was sent from Verona to Alexandria, with a view to induce their com- rades to return home, Austria granting them a free pardon. General Turr invited those who wished to accept this proposition to declare themselves and leave the Italian service. The Hungarians have, however, rejected it with scorn. Garibaldian Soldiers Condemned to be Shot. The court-martial on five of the Garibaldian soldiers, who were made prisoners at Aspromonte and who de- serted from their regiments, was commenced on the 21st ult. The charges against them were desertion and trea- son in bearing arms against the state. The court was composed of six captains of infantry, artillery, and engi- neers, Colonel Cavalchini being president. The trial lasted the whole day, and a great many persons were present. The accused were defended in an eloquent speech by Gatti de Forsano, an officer, but they were condemned to be shot. They will appeal, it is supposed, to the royal clemency.
THE EX-QUEEN OF NAPLES TAKING…
THE EX-QUEEN OF NAPLES TAKING THE VEIL. A dispatch from Augsburg, dated October 10, contains the followingQueen Marie of Naples has just been escorted to the Ursuline Convent by her brother Prince Louis. This retreat chosen by the wife of Francis n. is definitive. She renounces the world "-An explanation of the above paragraph throws a doubt upon the de- finitive" character of the renunciation of the world spoken of. The youthful Queen of Naples has had a quarrel with her husband; but as the catholic church does not allow a married woman to become a nun with- out her husband's consent, the latter will probably have a word to say on the subject. The Augsburg Gazette retracts its statement that the retirement of this royal lady to a convent was a "defini- tive renunciation of the world." It seems that she has only gone to St. Ursula temporarily to "assuage the troubles of her soul."
AMERICA.
AMERICA. NEW YOKK, SEPT. 26. No Federals have yet crossed into Virginia. The Con- federates remain along the upper line of the Potomac. It is rumoured that another draught will be pro- claimed to increase the Federal army to 1,000,000 men. The governors of 16 Union States assembled on the 24th inst. at Altoona (Pennsylvania), and adjourned on the 25th to Washington, where they presented an address to President Lincoln, expressing their determination to support bis constitutional authority, approving the emancipation proclamation, and suggesting the ex- pediency of raising a reserve force of 100,000 men. The Governor of Maryland objected to sign the address approving the emancipation proclamation. "T '-0 n. -.I r't_L! The New York Republican State Convention express profound satisfaction at the President's proclamation. The President has been serenaded at Washington, or which occasion he made a speech, saying that he issuI- the proclamation after full deliberation and under heavy sense of responsibility. He trusted in (jrod that had made no mistake. It was now for America and the world, he said, to judge the proclamation, and, it may be, to take action upon it. The Chicago Emancipation. Committee have published President Lincoln's reply to them, delivered on the 13th of this month. The President therein states that he did not favour an emancipation proclamation, as it would be inoperative if issued, and if the slaves were armed their arms would fall into the hands of the rebels. The New York World thinks that the President's change- of policy is caused by a fear of. foreign inter- vention. NEW YORK, SEPT. 27. General M'Clellan has constructed a pontoon bridge upon which to cross the Potomac at Harper's Ferry. The Louisville Journal declares that Kentucky will never acquiesce in President Lincoln's proclamation. NEW YORK, SEPT. 29. The Confederate have made Winchester, Virginia, the basis ef their operations, but keep a fcree on the bank of the Potomac to prevent the Federals from crossing. It is rumoured that the 'Federal army is going into winter quarters. The Northern press strongly condemn this policy. General Davis shot General Nelson, commanding at Louisville, this morning, killing him instantly. The affitir occurred through a personal dispute at Galt- heuse. NEW YORK, SEPT. 30. Five companies of Federals have attacked Pont- chatoula, near New Orleans, but were repulsed with heavy loss. The Confederates have burned Augusta, Kentucky, 40 miles east of Cincinnatti. The Baltimore and Louisville press oppose President Lincoln's emancipation proclamation. The Richmond Uispatch thinks that the war can only end by the exhaustion of the North or the extermination of the South. General Wadsworth, republican nominee for the post of Governor of the State of New York, made a speech declaring that the republican party intend to bold the country together at whatever cost of life, blooC, and suffering, and to devastate the country, if necessary, but not to survive its dismemberment. NEW YORK, SEPT. 30, EvFNiNGv. General M'Clellan officially reports that the total Federal loss in the battles of Antietam Creek asd South Mountain was 14,700 in killed, wounded, and missing. From the time when the Federals first encountered the enemy in Maryland up to the time when the enemy was driven into Virginia the Federals have captured 13 guns. and 39 colours, they losing neither guns nor colours. The Federals have collected 14,000 small arms on the Antietam battle field. They have likewise captured 5,000 prisoners, of whom 1,200 were wounded, and have buried 3,000 rebels. As far as can be ascertained, M'Clellan thinks it may be safely concluded that the rebel army has lost at least 30,000 of their best troops. General M'Clellan has advanced his head-quarters three miles nearer to Harper's Ferry, the Confederate General Lee making mysterious movements at some points above Harper's Ferry. It is not known where he intends operating. Rumours are current of the Confederate Peace Com- missioners being on their way to Washington, but these reports are believed to be without good foundatioE. The Federals have evacuated Cumberland Gap, with artillery and stores. They blocked the Gap with stones, making it impassable, and marched towards Ohio to join Buell. NEW YORK, OCT. 2. TT Advices from New Orleans report that a large number of people have taken the oath of allegiance to avoid the penalties of the Confiscation Act, which General Butler is rigidly going to enforce. The British prize steamers Circassian, Memphis, Ber- muda, Stettin, and Columbia, are being fitted out as Federal cruisers. Southern reports state that an engagement occurred between the Federal gunboat Santiago de Cuba and the Confederate steamer, 290, in which the former was riddled with shot, and forced to retieat. The report is, however not entirely credited. The Government will equip from 10,000 to 20,000 six months' volunteers, and station them in the states to be thus influenced. Each volunteer will receive a home- stead of public lands and free transportation for hia family to the principal port of the state where they are located. It is intended by this means to infuse into the. Southern States an industrious and loyal population, in order to protect the Union Men. It is supposed that the- manufacturing and productive districts of England can be made to contribute to this emigration. The Federal War Department has determined upon the exchange of state prisoners with the rebel Govern- ment. Heavy Federal reinforcements are being sent to Hilton Head and along the shores of the Broad River. It is supposed this is preparatory to an attack upon Charles- ton. A letter from Louisiana is published in the Providence• Journal stating that the Confederate Government intends, to emancipate and arm at least 400,000 negroes, and use them against the Federal Government, with the determi- nation to rule or ruin. The Confederate surgeon general reports that the number of sick and wounded received in the Richmond hospitals since their organisation is 99,000; of these 7,000 have died. The Mayor of New York vetoed on Sunday the rese- lutions of tho Board of Aldormen, declaring that eman- cipation would be dangerous to the national welfare. These resolutions were passed Linnnln'a — piuciajnauon. The mayor, in his veto, strongly approves of the proclamation, and thinks it must give the deathrblow to the rebellion. NEW YORK, OCT. 3. The address of the loyal governors to President Lin- coln has been published. They pledge their support to the President, declare that the work of restoring the Union shall not fail, and urge raising a reserve force of 100,000 men for twelve months. They approve the Pre- sident's emancipation proclamation, and think that the policy now inaugurated will give speedy triumph to the Federal arms. Heavy skirmishing has taken place between General Buell's advance guard and the Confederates. Buell's army is drawn up in line of battle atBardstown, twenty- one miles from Louisville. An engagement is expected. A resolution has been introduced in the Confederate Congress that President Lincoln's emancipation proclama- tion is a gross violation of the usages of war, and should be held up to the execration of mankind, and counter- acted by such severe retaliatory measures as in the judgment of President Davis may be calculated to secure its withdrawal or arrest its execution. Several members favoured hoisting the black flag, and, declaring every citizen in the Southern Confederacy a, soldier authorised to kill every man found on Confederate soil in arms against the Government. NEW YORK, OCT. 4, MORNING. The Richmond Enquirer says that President Lincoln's proclamation will simply drive the negroes to their de- struction. They are cheerful and happy now, but, Lincolp plots their death, for their insurrection is their swift destruction. Released from authority the negro is a savage, and the same ignorance which drives him to destruction stimulates him to excess. The same journal says: Our military operations are henceforward to assume a grave character. Lincoln's new problem destroys all terms between us, and the next campaign will be a tremendous one, both for the charac- ter and the magnitude of the hostilities." The New York World of to-day thinks that the proclamation will add to the horrors of the war, and make it twice as difficult to conquer the South, and events will prove the proclamation to be the greatest mistake of the war. The Southern journals say that M'Clellan's army is on the south side of the Potomac, and advancing by way of Harper's Ferry and Shepherdstowu. An engagement; is impending. The Confederate General Lee has made preparations to meet the enemy. President Lincoln has passed several days in visiting Harper's Ferry and the Antietam battlefield, and re- \rionlnff f'ifl trnnna. ♦ How Hayes Escaped Capture.—The inquiry
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into the conduct of the constabulary who, on the 31st of August last, came in sight of Hayes, but did not capture him, has resulted in the dismissal from the force of Con- stable Hughes, who was in command of the party. He and another officer were a mile or so in advance of the party when they saw Hayes in a field, running towards a hiding-place. Hughes, who was armed with a revolver, determined to go back for his men, although his comrade offered to attempt the capture single handed, if Hughes would lend him the weapon. When the party returned they could find no trace of Hayep. Hughes was a long time in the force, and had formerly distin- Lynikbpd himRfilf. 0- __A_ Attempted Abduction.-A correspondent of the Dublin Freeman reports the following attempt at abduc- tion:—"A desperate attempt was made a few nights ago to carry off by force from her father s house, near Sligo, a respectable young woman named Eliza Davy. A man named Michael O'Connor (a rejected suitor), accompanied by three other men, armed, having obtained admittance, O'Connor seized the girl and forced her outside the door, and placed her in a car which he had in waiting, while two of the men who accompanied him held her sister and a servant gill and prevented them from giving any alarm. However, the screams of the young woman so frightened the horse that he commenced kicking, broke the shafts of the car, and ran off, as did also O'Connor and his companions on hearing persons approaching to the rescue. The girl immediately returned to her father's house. She was dreadfully fiightened, but received no other injury. Her father could render no aid at the time of the abduc- tion, he being ill in bed. O'Connor has been arrested and committed to gaol. None of the other three men ,$an be identified by any Davy's family."
MR. COBDEN IN. EAST LOTHIAN.
THE AMNESTY IN ITALY. The following is the full "text of M. Rattazzi's report on the amnesty, a brief abstract of which has already been received by telegraph. Sire,—The causes which had hitherto obliged your Government to advise you to resist the generous impulse of your heart towards General Garibaldi and his accom- plices have ceased. The authority of the laws is being everywhere consolidated; confidence in the frank as well as prudent policy inaugurated- by you has tempered the impatience which drove the General into the path of re- bellion, and to the catastrophe of Aspromonte, where he could not but become aware that if he was enabled to perform prodigies while he fought against the enemies of the country and liberty, it was not so when, forgetful of his duty, he drew the sword against your rights, whatever might be the object he had in view. From this deplorable example there aiises a salutary lesson for us all. Italy, feeling herself now secure against the attempts of factions, and remembering the services rendered by General Garibaldi to the cause of national unity, ardently desires to forget that be has for a moment been deaf to the voice of duty, to your admonitions, and to the laws. This desire has found an echo throughout the civilised world, among all warm partisans of Italian liberty and unity, who fear nothing so much for Italy as a return to the intestine discord which kept her so long divided, and made her an easy prey to foreign ambition. The oblivion of past offences, which all implore in favour of the principal author, is with still greater reason invoked in favour of those who, attracted by the prestige which attaches to Lis name, followed him in his unfortunate enterprise. It is no longer necessary to resist these wishes. From their fulfilment the policy of the Government.will acquire strength without endangering the political constitution which has intrusted to your hands the power of satisfying the desire of the nation and that of your heart without weakening the laws which protect the public peace. When it was necessary to put down the rebellion, to restore authority to the laws which had been contemned, and to consolidate public order, your council did not hesitate to propose the most stringent measures. All danger being now past, it willingly consents to be the interpreter of the universal wish, and implores your Majesty to perform an act of clemency which, effacing the memory of one of the most painful episodes of our national regeneration, may have the effect of leaving nothing alive but the memory of the services rendered to the country and the dynasty. None but the enemies of Italy, who rejoiced at the threat of a civil war, will feel dis- appointed at this act, intended to maintain unscathed and united all the force and glory of the nation. It was the wish of your Government that the amnesty might be complete, and that all those who had incurred punishment, according to law, by joining the enterprise checked on the battle-field of Aspromonte, might be re- leased from all judicial penalties. But the necessity of upholding in every emergency the high principle of duty which renders the army the protector of all rights and liberties, does not permit ua to comprise in the amnesty the soldiers belonging to the army or navy, who, on this occasion, violated the laws which especially concerned them, or failed in the allegiance due to their prince. The honour of our flag forbids us to recognise in the acts imputed to them those extenuating circumstances which stand in favour of othera not engaged in the military service. Your ministers are well aware how painful the exception they propose, and to which they attach the greatest importance, must be to your paternal heart. This amnesty, sire, is not without precedent under our free institutions. The tacit consent which parliament and public opinion gave on former occasions to similar acts, induce the council of the crown to submit to your Majesty a decree which may convince both Italy and Europe of your magnanimity, of the strength of the Government, and of the spirit of concord which animates the people which rejoice in having you for a father and a king. This report is followed by a royal decree, dated the 5th, comprising the following articles: Art. 1. The authors and accomplices of the acts and attempts at rebellion which took place in August last in the southern provinces, are exempted from all judicial liability on this account, provided they have not com- mitted any common crimes. Art. 2. The soldiers of the land and sea forces are excepted from this amnesty.