Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
12 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
X' 0 W N TALK.
X' 0 W N TALK. BY OTJB LONDON CGRRESPOyDEST. 9M> readers toils understand that we do not. sMowsekw 'I responsible forow able correspondent's opinions. ———————— THE Exhibition has closed at last, and it is difficult to say whether people are more sorry or relieved by the finis. Thousands, like myself, who have been continually, will feel that, after all, they did not half exhaust its treasures; and yet one ungratefully grew tired of the daily doing the Exhibition with country friends. It must be owned that, except for lovers and couples in the honeymoon, the only way to enjoy and study the Exhibition was aloner On the last day hundreds rushed about determined to buy something, and yet very much puzzled to reconcile their purses and the divergent tastes of man, wife, daughter, and mother, son-in-law, and mother-in-law. The sales have been enormous in articles of fancy, but there seemed stilltreater bargains to be had in fur- niture and solid realities. It was wisely arranged that there should be no closing ceremony in a building which is peculiarly unfitted for a pro- cession or a presentation. At the last hour the great nave was crowded with well-dressed people, looking very much in manner like the exhausted visitors of a great fancy fair. The ladies had most of them secured something, and the gentlemen had most of them paid something. God save the Queen," commenced by the Choral Society in the gallery, and taken up by thousands of voices below until it was carried to every corner of the building, went off so well, that there was a unanimous cry for a repetition. Then some polite people called for the Napoleonic Partant pour la Syrie," and I was in hopes that after that we should have had the whole round of national airs, down to the Greek Hymn of Liberty." But I suppose the Choral Society's collection is limited, and so they finished up with Rule Bri- tannia," which was more effective than polite; and I suppose we shall hear something of this musical affront in the French papers. From music, the people fell into cheering and applaud- ing, just to relieve their excitement, or perhaps to applaud some noble and illustrious personages almost lost in the crowd. This went on until a little girl, who had for an hour been tormenting her jaded mother with questions, such as only children can ask, cried half a dozen times, What are they clapping for, mamma?" "Because they axe all so glad it is over," was her cross answer, loud enough to set a circle round her laughing. It is satisfactory to find that the guarantors, some of whom could ill afford any payment beyond their usual weekly and Christmas bills, will not have to pay anything. On the other hand, it does not seem as if either architect or contractors are to get any knighthoods or C.B.- ships. The museums of the country will be enriched by several invaluable collections of raw and manufactured specimens. The model of a picture-gallery has been tried, proved, and found successful. The shilling-paying public have been famously amused, and a few people have made a good deal of money. Some cheap articles of beauty, use, and luxury, have been introduced to British customers, and some conceited manufacturers of all countries have had the conceit taken out of them. But there has been no extraordinary inventions pro- duced, and no remarkable genius rewarded at the Exhibition. Perhaps the greatest triumphs have been the Reading Girl" which is a very natural representation of a girl in her night-dress, really, intently reading, and the magnificent ideal statue of Shakespeare's 11 Cleopatra." .The question is whether the building shall come down or not. There is a very strong party for total destruction, supported by the owners of the adjoining houses—they are utterly disgusted by such a hideosity. The authorities of the South Kensington Museum will make a stout fight for a slice of the picture- galleries, and, it must be confessed, they have. a strong case. The museum has grown greatly in favour this year. The French Government think so highly of its effects in improving British taste that they are about to imitate it. The South Kensington is, for popular purposes, the best selected museum in Europe. The great artist, and the studious cabinet-maker, or lock- smith, or potter, can each and all find something beautiful and useful to study. Lord Palmerston has been giving one more ex • ample of his wonderful readiness for everything. The great men of Southampton—who wisely learned from clever, slovenly, eloquent, hospitable Dick Andrews how much a seaport could gain by judicious dinners — were entertaining the other day an Austrian statesman, Thierry, at a heavy champagne luncheon, when, as the mayor lookel out of the window, who should he see but Lord Palmerston riding by. Without more ado, like a man equal to the situation, he first ballooed to. the Premier, and then ran down and brought him in. Happy Mr. Perkins! to catch in one day an Austrian Baron and an English Prime Minister. As nothing comes amiss to Lord Palmerston, he made no fuss, came in, drank a glass of wine, and made a speech—a speech which wa3 a lecture to the Austrian noble- man on the virtues of free trade—a speech which would have been very awkward at a set dinner, but in this impromptu style could offend nobody, especially as it ended with the announce- ment that he had been to the Baron's hotel to ask him to dine at Broadlands. Then the evergreen and elastic Nestor, Ulysses, and Agamemnon combined, mounted his horse, and galloped away at his usual rattling pace. What would I not give to hear Baron Thierry describe this scene to the exclusive cream of Austrian nobility, or to diplomatists who never believe anything anyone says. On the continent there will be political sages ready to swear that the scene was planned between the Premier and Mr. Stebbing. Mr. Cobden continues to astonish many of his I friends. In his last speech, with America pursuing the most bloody war of modern times before his eyes, he says that an extension of the suffrage would check war expenditure. He forgets that the multitude cried out against the peace at the end of the Crimean war, and that if the public had had its way, the Trent business would have been answered by a declaration of war. Democracy may be admirable, but in France, in Germany, in Italy, in America, it is intensely warlike. Z. Z.
OUTLINES OF THE WEEK. *
OUTLINES OF THE WEEK. REPORTS from the cotton districts are this week of the most heartrending description there has been an ad- ditlon of 3,500 to the pauper list; of Manchester, -and about 2,500 to that of Ashton-under-Lyne. The popu- lation of this town is only 35,000, and upwards of 25,000 of its inhabitants are dependent for their sus- tenance upon parochial relief. In Blackburn, one-half of the population are dependent upon private or paro- chial charity. Sir J. K. Nettleworth has told us that by Christmas 78,000 of the Lancashire operatives will have only the arms of their neighbours to rely upon to keep themselves alire. These facts will need no backing of words, they must excite a general sympathy throughout the country but when, in addition to this, we add that cold aggravates the sufferings of hunger, and a more terrible scourge than either has already made its appearance in the shape of disease, how great must be appearance in the shape of disease, how great must be our pity. As always happens when large numbers of persons are suddenly exposed for some time to want and hardships fever treads hard on the heels of famine. We hear of malignant typhus at Preston, and a medical officer, writing from Ashton-under-Lyne, says, I have daily experience of the prevailing misery and want. Increase of sickness is the natural result. Fever, measles, searlelina, rheumatism, pulmonary and other diseases, are rapidly increasing, and I fear there will be great mortality during the winter, for the poor people have neither money nor credit, and are destitute of the common necessaries of life, many of them subsisting on Indian meal and other cheap articles. Some families have no bedding or blankets, and huddle round the fire at night, or cover themselves with their bed- clothing, which is very scanty and fast diminishing. "You will understand," the doctor continues, "the ratio of increase, when I report 300 cases for the last four weeks, compared wi! h 54 in the corresponding weeks of last year. One shilling and sixpence a head," he says, is not sufficient to recruit the strength of sick people who are wasting for want of proper food and a form of typhus fever is setting in, which viill spread through the country, and affect the rich as well as the poor." Eightenpence a-head, it is said, exceeds the average weekly income of the distressed families in many districts and a general, and we think a wise, as well as a kind feeling has arisen, that the rate should be raised to at least 2s. per head. We think that even this amount is too small to avert the ravages of diseases which, arising simply from insufficient nourish- ment and inadequate shelter, will prove scarcely less destructive than the most dreaded of those scourges whose origin medical skill has utterly failed to detect. If typhus should once gain ground in Lancashire, the victims at such a season are not likely to be less numerous than those of cholera, small-pox, and the yellow fever, where these diseases have raged most fiercely. Happily, we know how so horrible a calamity can be prevented, and no one will question the impera- tive obligation to do all that can be done to save our innocent countrymen from these new miseries. The ratepayers plead that they cannot increase the parish allowance. We do not admit their plea of absolute inability, but we think that the burden should not be thrown altogether upon their shoulders. Let it be once fairly understood that en the liberality of England at large depends the salvation of the patient sufferers in Lancashire, from decimation from a pesti- lenie clearly and distinctly traceable to want, and we can- not so distrust our countrymen as to doubt that a suffi- cient sum will be forthcoming to prevent these horrors, more dreadful than that of war. But should private resources ".fail, let us take Mr. Cobden's advice, and petition the Legislature to advance a sum ample enough to save the poor sufferers the pangs of hunger. THE departure of King Otho from Greece has not produced any great sensation among the people of Europe. He has for several years teen considered a very inefficient monarch. There is little sympathy felt for him in Europe, and there is a general feeling that he does not deserve it. The Greek revolution seems to have been accomplished without much difficulty, and wLh scarcely any social confusiun; and in the Provi- sional Government which has been established, some of the most respectable names which Greece can boast are to be found; indeed, the revolution has not been accom- plished by a turbulent mob, but by the well-to-do and steady portions of the population; and we trust that the change may contribute to the advantage of the country. The nation is in that peculiar position to be almost advertising for a king. It was suggested, at first, that the Greeks would have chosen Prince Alfred of England; but we would not spare our "sail r boy," for more reasons than one: we should not care to have an interest in such close proximity to Turkey. The choice, there- fore, is now limited to the Duke de Leachtenberg, a brother-in-law of the Emperor of Russia; Amadeus, second son of Victor Emmanuel; and Prince Ypsilanti, son of the well-known chief of the Hetairia., the secret society which freed Greece. Who has not read in Æsop's Fables of the frogs who wanted a king ? Jupiter wishing to gratify them sent them a log of wood, to which they paid great respect at first, but, finding that it did not move, they became bolder, and approached the inanimate object; and, finding it worthless, they petitioned Jupiter a second time for a king they could respect- one that would exercise authority over them —the god obeyed, and sent them a crane, who soon began to feast upon their vitals. We hope this may not be figurative of the Grecian nation. The International Exhibition closed on Saturd ay as far as sight-seers were concerned, though it lives out a little longer for business purposes. No ceremony was proposed at the terminating period, but an extemporised one was got up, which was highly effective. Some 36,000 people assembled on the final day, and as the hour for their departure arrived, they collected in a mass under the western dome, and sang the National Anthem twice, which was followed by the French National Anthem, when the people began to call loudly for "Rille Britannia;" the members of the Sacred Harmonic Society very kindly responded, and, for the last time, their voices rang through the building to the inspiriting notes of this well-know,i air. Then followed cheer upon cheer there were waving of hats and handkerchiefs, and shouts of hip, hip, hip, and hurrah repeated over and over again, till every column and every girder seemed to have a tongue, and to join in the genera! acclaim of ¡ jubilant voices. Slowly the living mass that thronged I the nave, darkened the aisles, and crowded the galleries, moved on towards the doors of the exit. It was a tedious process, that of closing the building, for the crowd looked and lingered, and still looked and lingered, until darkness gradually came over the great pile, and here and there little jets of light served only to make the darkness more visible. The frightful discord of all the great bells went clanging on, and hundreds still re- mained, even at the peril of a deafness for life, and were deaf to all the entreaties of Move on" uttered by des- pairing policemen. At length the crowd became "small by degrees and beautifully less but a select party concealed themselves in one of the galleries, each hoping to be the "last man" who left the Exhibition. They were, however, at length discovered by the police, who drove the unwilling persons before them, and at ten minutes to six o'clock the last visitor had left the Ex- hibition of 1862. It has remained open three weeks longer than that of 1851, and may be considered to be a success notwithstanding the several unforeseen diffi- culties thrown in its way—the distress in Lancashire, the American civil war, and the death of Prince Albert were formidable disadvantages. There has been much talk about the mismanagement of those high in authority, but no doubt a thorough investigation will take place, and we trust it will serve to exonerate all persons concerned from wilful wrong. It does not ap. pear probable that the fortnight allowed for sale will be very remunerative on the first day (Monday) only 6,277 persons assembled, and these were principally ticket-holders. It has been suggested that it should yet open for a day or two, to give an opportunity to the working class to visit it at 6d. per head, but we fear it is now too late, as the exhibitors have removed the most admired objects, and the interest is gone. The Commissioners had an opportunity of doing a service to the community, but they allowed it to pass. THE rage for iron-clad vessels still continues, and, notwithstanding it will be a considerable cost to us to create an iron fleet, it will be a protection not only to our shores, but to our commerce. Indeed, the very building of these vessels for foreign countries, at. the present moment, is a great boon to trade. The orders that we have on hand for iron-clad vessels are of a very extensive character. Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Italy; and Turkey are among the list. Denmark and Sweden, however, cater for themselves, and it is reported they have got orders from Italy for steel-clad vessels. This is a new experiment, and certainly a very costly one, which must prevent the general adoption of it in naval armaments. THE recommendation of the commission that had to consider the best means of making the volunteers a per- manent force for the defence of the country, has at length found its way to light. It sees the necessity of a grant to each volunteer to enable him to keep up the wear and tear of uniform, and to combat the other expenses which will present themselves to the best regulated corps, in the course of its efforts to become good shots, efficient in drill, and soldier-like. The commissioners recommend 20s. a year to be given to every effective man; 10s. more if he fires a certain quantity of ball cartridge, and thereby proves in the most satisfactory way that he has been exerting himself in the service of his country. The artillery are to receive something more than this. Now there are 162,681 volunteers in the country. They have in- creased even in the last twelve months, and have been tried in every way as to their efficiency for service, and have never been found wanting. We are proud of such men, but it has yet to be proved whether the £1 per annum allowed by the Government will be aoocptcd as a boon when their voluntary service was freely offered to their country. f
THE PRISONERS UNDER SENTENCE…
THE PRISONERS UNDER SENTENCE OF DEATH IN NEWGATE. On Friday afternoon the sheriffs, Mr. Alderman J. C. Lawrence and Mr. Hugh Jones, accompanied by Messrs. Farrar and Mackrell, the under sheriffs, and the Rev. Mr. Davis and Mr. Jonas, the governor of Newgate, pro- ceeded to the cell in which the prisoner Robert Cooper was confined, and the chaplain announced to him in be- coming terms that the sheriffs had fixed Monday, the 17th instant, as the day for carrying out the sentence of 1 the law, and he exhorted him to make the best use of the short time that remained to him in this world, and by a sincere repentance to endeavour to obtain pardon for the great sin he had committed. The wretched man appears to be quite prostrated by his position, and he appears to feel an extreme terror at the thought of losing his life upon the scaf- fold. He has never, it appears, attempted to cast any doubt upon the propriety of the verdict of the jury, but still he seems to think that there waea sort of justifica- tion of the act which he committed by the conduct of the deceased. He has repeatedly stated that no one could tell what his feelings were at discovering that his wife, as he always called the deceased, was unfaithful to him. On his being reminded that she was not his wife, and that be had a wife living, he added that on account of his being in the army he could not live with the woman whom he formerly married, and that they mutually agreed to separate, and he had not seen her for many years, and thought sLe was dead at the time he contracted the second marriage with the deceased girl. The prisoner evidently entertains an idea that mercy will be extended to him, and he has expressed an intention of sending his own statement of his case to the Home Secretary, and making an appeal to the Crown for mercy Thiie pri- soner has repeatedly stated since his conviction that on the day the fatal affair happened he went to Isleworth quite by chance, and he declares that be entertained no intention to do mischief to the deceased, but alleges that the object for which he carried the pistol about with him was to destroy his own life. The other con- demned culprit, Samuel Gardner, the sweep, who was convicted on Friday of the murder of his wife, appears to exhibit much more fortitude than his wretched com- panion, and it seems that he has all along persisted in declaring his innocence of the crime of which be was accused. It will be remembered that the circum- stances of the case were of a very peculiar character but, although the jury were in deliberation more than an hour and a half before they returned their verdict, it appears that eleven of them bad made up their minds in a very short time that the evidence had established the guilt of the prisoner, and only one of them entertained any doubt upon the point. A similar announcement to that which bad been made on the previous day to Cooper was made to this prisoner by the officials, on Saturday- afternoon, and he heard it with perfect calmness, and merely observed that he was prepared to die. On Friday evening, after the jury had returned their verdict, the Girl Elizabeth Humbler was liberated from custody, and she was taken away from Newgate in the charge of her mother. I
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blaHge yodf ep-epopalre kin .—HTyhdeer-e pawrk as oan gSaiun na davye, rfy ulllay rgee quaasslleimng i in number that of the previous Sunday, and a strong 1 body of police was again on duty. There was, how- I ever, not the slightest attempt at disturbance. The people assembled in groups, and engaged in animated discussions on political and theological subjects, but there was no attempt to hold a meeting. The authorities consider that all fear of future disturbances has now passed away, and it is understood that on Sunday next, there will be only a few additional constables placed in the park beyond the number ordinarily on duty in that locality on the Sabbath day. Those on duty, however, will have strict orders, should there be any indication of a meeting being aboat to be held, to communicate at once with headquarters, that a sufficient force may be marched to the park to prevent the meeting being held. A deputation is about to wait upon the Commissioner of Woods and Sorests to obtain his sanction for the preachers who, until the late- disturbance, were in the habit of lecturing- in the park Oil Sunday, to resume their self-imposed dutits.
LIFE ASSURANCE.-I.
LIFE ASSURANCE.-I. The subject of life assurance is so closely as- sociated with the interests of the general public, that it is unnecessary to offer any apology for noticing it in our columns. The future welfare of thousands is dependent on the existence and the stability of assurance associations; and yet with regard to the principles upon which they are founded, and their actual. financial position, a large amount of popular ignorance prevails. Funds designed for the support of "widows and orphans after the death of their natural protectors ought not to be invested without inquiry and precaution; if committed to unsafe hands, the investments may, in the end, be hopelessly, irretrievably lost, and the prudence and thrift—ay, the sacrifices of a lifetime—utterly defeated. Ruin of this kind is, unfortunately, no fancy picture, and hence arises the necessity of calling especial attention to the matter. Life assurance is now more than a century and a half old. It was first established in the reign of Queen Anne. Within the first fifty years of its existence but five societies came into opera- tion. There are now, however, about one hun- dred and fourteen offices; the income of one hun- dred and eight of these offices is £ 10,808,110; the invested funds in one hundred and nine are £ 71,811,024; and the sums assured in one hun- dred and four offices amount to £ 265,893,420. These figures show plainly enough that the advantages of life assurance associations are appre- ciated, and that the public avail themselves of those advantages to a large extent. It should, how- ever, be noticed that, within the last few years, the province of these associations has become the field of pecuniary speculation. Thus, from the year 1844 to the year 1861 inclusive, six hundred and two life offices were projected, but of these only two hundred and seventy were established; and during the same time two hundred and forty -five ceased to exist, so that the real increase in number was but twenty-five. The projection of so many new societies, altogether disproportionate to the amount of business to be done, is conclusive evi- dence of rash sp3culation while the fact that the number of offices ceasing to exist was almost the same as that of the new offices established, suggests gloomy forebodings to many a policy- holder. And these forebodings are not removed by such facts as the following: that, during the last twelve years, fifty-two companies have been wound up in Chancery, ten of them within the last year; that a transfer of business has taken place in one hundred and forty-two instances and, that eleven societies have been amalgamated with other associations. Now, of course, when a company is wound up, the assurer knows his loss at once; he has the slight satisfaction of learning exactly how he stands; but when business is transferred," and particu- larly when an amalgamation is effected, he usually knows very little about it, and the out- side public know less. The reticence of managers in this respect is very striking; it seems as if secrecy is their fundamental principle, and they dread nothing an rrmr-h as investigation. One company, for example, absorbed eight other com- panies, and was then iwif-nw.—-xuese ana similar facts certainly convey the impression of diminished security in life assurance. Of course, it does not follow that a company must be in solvent wken it amalgamates with another, but amalgamation is a sure sign of weakness; and, though the absorbing of a company so circum- stanced gives an appearance of strength to the company with which it is amalgamated, there s something in the proceeding radically inju- rious to the interests of the latter society. There is a tempting capital thrown in, and an increased business added, but the increased liability is studiously kept out of view. A < prudent man cannot help suspecting that there must be something rotten in the credit of a society which buys up the business of a shaky company, pays a heavy premium for its bad bargain, and agrees to accept an enormously in- creased liability for the sake of a disproportionate amount of capital. The prudent man cannot but doubt the respectability and security of the transfer. In ordinary business he would not think of undertaking to pay ten thousand pounds of debt on consideration of receiving five thousand, or less, as an equivalent, and certainly would not pay a heavy commission to the agent who threw the bad bargain in his way. He would, therefore, look with suspicion upon such an increase of liability in a company with which he might be connected, and tremble for the safety of the assur- ance money, which it had cost him a hard struggle to lay by. These failures, and "transfers," and" amalga- mations offer to the mind of this prudent man, all uninitiated in assurance matters, a problem hard to solve. He knows that life assurance is not dependent, like the ordinary affairs of com- merce, on a variable market, subject to exhilara- tion and depression; he knows that the assurance tables, on which the rates of premium are founded, show clearly enough that out of a certain number of children born alive, so many must die on the average in each year till all are extinct. These tables, prepared at different times, by different persons, and under different circumstances, are, in the main, almost identical, and place the accuracy of the calculations beyond question. But in the very face of these plain figures, the results of which are obtained by a simple sum in arithmetic, we find variations in premium-the risk being the same-and the lowest premium and highest bonus set forth as tempting baits before the eyes of the man who desires to assure bis life. It is most important, while rivalry of this kind -often ending in ruin-is openly practised, that the intending assurer should inform himself sufficiently of the assets, liabilities, and ability to discharge their obligations which companies really possess, before he transacts business with any one of them. He is making an unselfish provision, and he requires proper security. Unfortunately, the secret proceedings of many of these life offices render it difficult to ascertain their actual stability, but there are some simple tests which may and ought .to be applied by every man who desires to have his life practically and safely assured. To these we shall draw attention on another occasion, throwing all the light we can upon the question, as we are convinced, not only that no well- established association would shrink from investi- gation, but that the subject itself is of such paramount importance as to demand the fullest inquiry. „ J
ITALY
ITALY TH« m T, • AT 7 SATURDAY. iue Monarchia Nazionale of to-dav confirms +b» rumour of the dispatch by the French Government of a Snues^ y t0 ral Dwando's circular, and con- The note is said to indicate no change in the policy of France towards Italy, but to open the way for fresh negotiations on the Roman question." It is asserted that the Minister of Marine has ap- navy & committee of in<luil7 on the state of the Italian A letter has been published, addressed bv a portion of the Italian clergy to the Pope, praying his holiness to renounce the temporal power. The letter bears 8,948 signatures, and is accompanied by a statement signed by ?as.3agl\a °P- the number and standing of the priests signing the letter. priests signing the letter. P -V I.. TURIN. SUNDAY. --y^Bai^l.c°lltinues to .imprdveJn healths has ?3<*n published approving of the statutes of the railway company of Southern Italy under the direction of Signor Bastogi. Conflict between Italian and Austrian Troops, Tim r>* • t TURIJT, Nov. 3, EVENING. Ihe Uiscussione of to-day says • 'v,?1? th? lsi insta^ an encounter took placa on the right bank of the Po, upon the Austrian frontiers, between a body of Italian carabineers and some Austrian soldiers. "The Italians fired upon the Austrians, and after a few shots the two parties engaged in a hand-to-hand contest, without regarding the boundaries. The Austrian armed customs guards were repulsed from Italian territory. flighT"6 Austr5ans were foally compelled to take to Serious inundations have taken place in Tuscany. The railway between Empoli and Sienna is interrupted. • 5e rro0wn Prince and Princess of Prussia have ar- rived at Syracuse.
- FRANCE
FRANCE Ea^RuS °Jn 6nay fsserts that a circui^ note of ?n the Greek question advocates the prin- flnpo non-intervention, but requires the mainten- ance of those stipulations which exclude princes belong- Greece protecting Powers from the throne o f
GREECE.
GREECE. A ccording to advices received from Athens, disturb- ances took place at the Piraeus whilst the ship having King Otho on board was still in sight. Four persona were killed. The National Assembly will meet within eight days hence, and will, it is said, offer the crown of Greece to Prince Alfred of England. The frigates Victor Emmanuel and Tancrfete are about to leave Naples and Messina for the Piraeus and Patras. It is also stated that a French squadron is preparing to sail thither. r &
GARIBALDI.
GARIBALDI. SPEZZIA, OCT. 29, EVENING, At the consultation held to-day respecting the state of Garibaldi's wound, seventeen physicians were present. The examinations made with the finger and probe, although incomplete, caused suffering to the patient. It was impossible to find the ball, but in the opinion of the physicians it is still in the wound. A repetition of the examination will be requisite to establish the exact position of the projectile, and allow of its extraction being proceeded with, if possible, without serious injury to the patient. Garibaldi's general^state of health is satisfactory, and it is believed that no important surgical operation will be required.
CHINA.
CHINA. Conspiracy to Burn Canton. CANTON, SEPT. 26. A serious conspiracy to burn this city and kill the mandarins has been discovered. The conspirators are in league with the Taepings. Numbers of them have been arrested. The city authorities are in a great state of alarm. Rustonjee, one of the parties concerned in the late opium frauds, has surrendered himself to the authorities at Hong Kong. rp, ™ SHANGHAI, Sept. 19. ihe iaepings have again retired fromj±p. £ this city, and the surro»~J;-& qmet. rr,i, nuu i evonea at Shensi have suc- ceeded in capturing the city and twenty-five towns in the vicinity, killing all the mandarins, and destroying every vestige of the Imperial authority. Nothing is known respecting the movements of th« army which had been sent to quell the outbreak.
".-.AMERICA.
AMERICA. NEW" YORK, OCT, 21, The Federal General Negley (?) reports that the Con- federates, who had assembled at Lavergne, 15 miles east of Nashville, with the intention of assaulting the city were attacked by the Federals on the 6th and routed, leaving 170 prisoners. The Confederate General Price is gathering troops at Holly Spnngs, Mississippi, on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. The Confederate Congress has passed a resolution that President Davis would be sustained in resorting to such measures of retaliation, as in his judgment, may be demanded by Mr. Lincoln's proclamation, and the other barbarities of the enemy. A Confederate ram has been launched at Charleston. The Confederate Congress has adjourned to the 13th November. The Federal Union party has nominated John A. Dix for Governor of new York. NEW YORK, OCT. 22. Ihe result of the election in Pennsylvania is un- certain. The stockbrokers' committee has reported that Govern- ment desired that gold speculation should not be fostered on the Stock Exchange. It is supposed that gold will be struck off the stock list. Federal officers have been appointed to report to the State Department any cases of aliens actually drafted into military service, and who claim exemption. General M'Clellan's pickets have been extended two miles. An advance was considered probable. NEW YORK, OCT. 24 Reconnaissances from General M'Clellan's army con- tinue to be made, but no general advance has taken place. General Burnside has been assigned to the command of the defences at Harper's Ferry.. The Confederates are massed in the Shenandoah Valley. General Buell has relinquished the pursuit of General Bragg, who has passed through Cumberland Gap into East Tennessee. Confederate forces, numbering 1,000, crossed the Cumberland River, and encamped seven miles north of Nashville, but were driven back across the river by the Federals. Semi-official dispatches from Washington say that the Federal Government would give half a million dollars for the capture of the Confederate steamer Alabama, or three hundred thousand dollars for her destruction The New York Tribune says, It is believed in Wash- ington that if the circumstances of the sinking of the steamer Blanche in Spanish waters by the Federal steamer Montgomery are a3 stated, the Federal Govern- ment will repudiate the action of the captain of the Montgomery." v P tj NEW YORK, OCT. 25. general Buell has been removed from the command in S! aH(l replaced by General Rosencranz. Kentucky, and replaced by General Rosencranz. The Southern journals state that the Federals nave evacuated Corinth and Bolivar, Mississippi. The returns of the elections continue to show consider- able democratic gains throughout the country. The New York Herald says that anotLer convention of governors will meet, to consider the removal of General M'Clellan, and urge the enforcement of the Confiscation Act. NEW YORK, OCT. 25. At a democratic meeting, held in Brooklyn, resolutions were passed pledging democracy to restore the Union as it was, and to maintain the constitution as it is; de- nouncing arbitrary arrests and interference with Jhe freedom of the press. President Lincoln's emancipation proclamation was declared unwise in policy and bad in principle, securing a united South, but making a disunited North. The superintendent of a plantation near New Orleans has been killed by negroes. It was rumoured that the negroes afterwards revolted, and that the military were called out. The disturbance was quelled after several were killed.
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Paddy's GUllo-The following is an Irishman's description of making a cannon:—" Take a long ho'e, and pour brass or iron round it."