The Illustrated Usk Observer and Raglan Herald

AGRICULTURE. Diseases in Sheep.-The "Gid" or "Turnsick." We extract the following from the Field news- paper: —Most farmers are familiar with the disease in some of the members of their flocks, generally the younger branches of them. It is asserted that sheep do Dot become giddy after they arrive at the age of two years, but we have practical evidence to the con- trary. The majority of cases occur in young sheep, but no age ia absolutely free from the risk. A few years ago and no disease was enveloped in more mystery than this, until the researches of some German physiologists resulted in the discovery of its nature, and at the same time threw light upon a host of like affections in other animals; and now nothing is more simple than the explanation of the whole matter. A giddy sheep is known at once in the flock by certain peculiarities in his movements. He generally turns round where another would proceed in a straight line, and always turns in one direction. The attempt on the part of the deceased animal to walk across a field results in the performance of a series of gyra. tions, which often culminate in a tumble from exhaustion. The head is generally depressed, one can imagine, from a dull aching sensation in the brain; the appetite is impaired, and the animals condition falls off, providing he is allowed to live. A remarkable instance of the occurrence of the dis- case in an enzootic form came under our notice some years back, before the origin of the malady was well understood. A number of lambs and one-year-old sheep pastured on common land suddenly became affected with giddiness; many of them died, others were killed by the butcher, and ultimately, if we recol- lect rightly, the majority of the flock were lost. A great many heads were sent for examination, and all of thsm contained an hydatid (water-bladder) in the brain; in seme cases two were found, and in one or two the brain was nearly destroyed, the larger portion of the cavity being occupied by the parasite. No explanation of the circumstance could be found. It was against all experience that a whole flock should be thus attacked, but of the fact there was no question. It was ascertained that dogs were constantly exercised over the grounds where the sheep were feeding, but that fact did not possess the significance it has since acquired. On most farms where the disease appears an animal now and then is attacked and is sent to the butcher, no further notice being taken of the matter; but when a number of animals kept for store or breeding pur- poses become thus affected, the circumstance is, to say the least, annoying, and all the more so that no treatment appears to be of much use. From the days of tha Ettrick Shepherd until now we do not appear to have advanced much in our knowledge of the means of combatisg this disease. It is recorded that the individual in question was accustomed to capture the sheep he noticed to be suffering from gid," and after fixing their heads between his knees, to thrust a long kaitiiag needle up the nostrils, penetrate the brain, to the seal of the hydatid, and thus allow the fluid to escape. Sometimes the sheep operated upon died off hand, and at others it is said they recovered. Our present experience of the remedy and various modifi- cations of is is not favourable. If puncture of the hydatid would cure the disease, there would be nothing formidable about it, because it might be effected through the ekill much more easily and more safely than by the medium cf the nostrils; but numerous experiments prove that even the entire removal of the hydatid does not cure, although it may relieve the animal for a time. The diacorery of the ci-gin of hydatids in various parts of the animal body was rendered comparatively feimpia by the researches cf the Danish naturalist, Sfceinatrap. who ascertained the existence in nature of the remarkable law of alternate generations, which, in plain terms, amounts to this Certain animals, low in the scale of organisation, do not produce young ones like themselves; but from their eggs emerge less highly organised beings, which in another generation develop into the original kind again, and so on in con- stant alternation. Pursuing this idea through a mul- titude of ramifications, it was discovered that hydatids were the alternate generation of tapeworms. For ex- ample, to obtain hydatids it is necessary to cause to be Bwallowed tapeworm eggs, and to obtain tapeworms iliB same thing must occur wwii "bja«.u<aa. Upon this principle the explanation of giddiness in sheep is perfectly easy. The animals must have swallowed some mature segments of tapeworms, the embryos of which bore their way to the brain and grown intc hydatids. For the tapeworm segments it is not necessary to go far: the shepherd's dog is often infested with them, and. if not, other dogs hav- ing access to the farm will probably furnish enough to infect the sheep who happen to swallow them. It will now be seen why the fact of dogs being con- stantly exercised on the grounds where so many sheep were attacked furnishes the key to the problem. In this particular case the dogs were known to be infested with worms, which, from the description given, were undoubtedly tapeworms, the expelled segments of which would naturally fall on various parts of the pasture. Tin symptoms cf gid are generally so well defined that the shepherd can at once select the diseased that the shepherd can at once select the diseased animaia bat if any doubt should exist an examination of the cas-, will place the matter beyond question. Immediately ever the brain on the side to which the animals tares in his efforts at progression, the bone of the skull will be found to yield to pressure, the fact being that the growth of the hydatid has caused ab. gorpt-pn of the bony covering of the brain, and in gome instances only the membrane belonging to the bone remains. When the hydatid is very large, both sides cf the sknli are thus softened. This sign will at once separate the case from one of vertigo resulting from congestion of brain or effusion of fluid into the ventricles or stomach disease, associated with de- rangement of,the nervous system. The carB or the malady appears to have excited considerable attession at different times and a variety of suggestions are offered by different authorities, some of them advising remedies more remarkaole far their energetic character than for their humanity; tor instance, it is advised to drive the diseased sheep over a precipice, in order that the fall may break the water- bladder and thus cure the patient. Others prefer seizing the sheep by its ears and swinging him until those organs are torn from their positions; and, as a crowning idea, the plan of striking the animal smartly on the head with a hammer is advised. Whether or no all these suggestions are made in a jocular spirit it is impossible to gather from the words themselves, but, if they are not so intended, they are nothing batter that gross barbarity. The only rational plan of treatment is to puncture the sac through the skull, or to use the trephine and remove the hydatid entire; but the ill-success that has attended all operations ia likely ta discourage further attempts to pursue the investigation; and generally, if the animal is in toler. ably good condition, it is botfc humane and economical to send it to the butcher. Prevention ia this, as in all other diseases, is batter than cure, and prevention in reference to this malady ganeraLy means keeping dogs away from grounds where sheep are feeding, as they are most likely to uaroour the tapeworm, from which the particular kind or hjdatio ia produced. If one dog is, bv a pleasant fiction, considered necessary to keep the sheep,, it should. be ascertained that he is free from the parasite before being allowed to associate with the flock; and a few doses of areca, mit will settle the question, providing tne shepherd be taught not to infect tha cog again by S^mg him as a savoury morsel the head of a gicdy sheep w^lch he has opened for the purpose of examination. AH such heads should be boiled as a measure of secunty even^ they ar0 afterwards buried. Instead ofthiatheyarege?erally chopped open, the brain, with its hydatid, is given to any dog that may be at hand, and the rest of the head S fol food. It is not 8 dogs are so constantly infested with tape —

The Wesley an Conference and the French Exhibition of 1867.-The Protestants of France having agreed to erect an annexe, at a cost of Xl,200 for the purpose of a "Missionary Department, in connectios with the forthcoming exhibition of 1867 in Paris, the Eev. W. Arthur solicited aid from the Wesleysn Conference in furtherance of the object. As the Church Missionary Society's committee had sub- scribed j £ 290 towards this object, the Wesleyan com- mittee agreed to do the same, but as it was felt to be ondeairabla to take the entire cost of the expenses (= £ 500) out of the ordinary funds, it was suggested that special donations should be solicited from a few of the wealthier members of the society. Two-thirds of the entire sum were at once put down, Mr. F. Lycott, one of the sheriffg.elect of London and Middle- sex, contributing £ 50.

HINTS UPON GARDENING. 1 Winter greens claim the first attention, and it is ] necessary to ensure at once a good supply and a 1 variety. By this time Scotch kale, Brussels sprouts, < broccol'is, savoys, &c., ought to be strong, and where they have been planted between rows of peas, to stand 1 the winter, should now be looked over, and every other plant taken out, to make fresh rows, if they are at all orowded. Cabbages of most kinds may be sown in the second week of August; Shilling's Queen, Sprotborough, West Ham, and red Dutch ought to have a place in every garden. Sow also Flander's spinach on slopes in rich soil, and plenty of hardy green Hammersmith Silician and black-seeded cos let- tuce. Sow cauliflower from the 7th to the 20th to keep over winter in frames. The summer-sown endive will now be strong enough to plant out on slopes or raised beds. Give plenty of water, alternating with liquid manure, to celery, and do not earth it up until it is well grown, the earthing being only to blanch it for use. Give plenty of water to broccoli and cauliflower beds and top scarlet-runners. In good open situations vegetable marrows for a late supply may still be planted. Use grass mowirtgs to mulch the ground between crops that are likely to suffer from drought. Hoe between the rows of potatoes in dry weather, but do not draw the earth to the stem the admission of air and sun-heat to the roots will hasten the ripening of the tubers the foliage, where it re- mains green, should be injured as little as possible. Those that are casting their haulm may be taken up. Earth up the earliest rows of celery earth up leeks; thin out the rows ef parsley, so as to get rid of every plant not well curled. Remove decayed leaves from cucumbers and gourds, to prevent the growth of moulds and fungi about them in damp weather, and take cuttings, or sow seed, for cucumbers to fruit dur- ing winter. In the flower garden propagate bedding plants for stock; of geraniums, ripe hard shoots make the beat plants. Fuchsias come best from the points of young growing shoots. Strike verbenas and petunias from the points of young shoots. Calceolarias should be struck in chopped moss or peat. Herbaceous plants may also be struck in quantities to keep over winter in frames, such as pansies, dielytras, double walls, double Canterbury bells, double feverfew, and holly- hocks. Keep dahlias and hollyhocks well fastened, and put stakes to chrysanthemums before their heads get heavy, as a protection against storms. Pompones may still be struck for blooming in pots. Plant out pinks and carnations in nursery beds, in well-manured loam. Give plenty of water to chrysanthemums, with occasional doses of strong liquid manure.—Gardener's Magazine.

SPORTS AND PASTIMES. THE Levant Herald says the cricket match between her Majesty's Embassy and the Caradoc on the one side, and the Constantinople Club on the other, came off at the Sweet Waters of Asia. on Saturday, July 21. Play began about eleven a.m., and lasted, with a couple of hours' interval, till after six p.m., when the diplomats and bluejackets were thoroughly, but not ingloriously, beaten. The attendance of outside spectators was unusually large, and included most of the rank and fashion of Candili, Bebak, Therapia, Buyukdere, and the other regions round about the Bosphorus. An admirable lunch, hospitably open to all comers, was served about two o'clock, and hence on till the close of the game the scene was as lively as capital play and brilliant company could make it. YOUNG WOODCOCKS.—How many form a family? Last Sunday evening, says a correspondent of the Field, whilst taking a stroll of investigation in a natural birch wood covert, on the banks of a famous salmon river, I saw what I had often heard of, but never known previously, even in an fxperience of their breeding ground on the other side of the Atlantic -four young woodcocks. In the midst of a luxuriant patch of the common felis mas fern, arrested in its progress by the stagnant sloppiness and sponginess of the outlet of a hill burn, which forms a delicious natu- ral feeding-ground for snipe and their cousin a in hard weather, I was arrested by the rush of a bird rising through the air. I at once recognised a woodcock as it cleared the natural birch trees, 15ft. to 20ft. tigia, ov« and through which it took its way, flying pretty strong. I had havAiy "t."h..d it for five seconds, and turned half round to look again at the ground, before another, then another, got up on my left and slightly in the rear, and, flying with consider- able difficulty, got over a fence some twelve yards distant into a clover field. Almost before they had alighted there I step ped out on my way, when a fourth got up in front to mj right, about two yards from me, so that I must have been right among them before J they would rise. The last flew not more than ten to j twenty yards at a time, scarcely rising four feet from the gronsd. I ran it down in some 400 yards, cutting f it off from the clumps of fern, which it made for and tried to hide in. As I neared it it increased its flights: for a short distance, and ran in the intervals of flying almost as fast as an old cock pheasant scuttling into covert when he suspects something; but its flight soon 1 got shorter. I turned it loose on satisfying my. self it was a woodcock. None but the last made any cry on rising; but it jabbered in what Carlyle would call "inarticulate shrieking" each time it had to land. I imagine, from its being the last to rise and its flight, that it was the Benjamin of the brood (were they all one brood ?). Captain Mut grave has told us pleasantly, in his manly narrative of his shipwreck, that young seals cost their mammsa as much training to take the water, as a young lady in her first season the revered parent, in trusting her offspring to the risks of the ocean of life. In noticing these innocent woodcocks, I was struck by what all who have observed birds must be aware of, that "wingmanship" does not "come by nature," as Dogberry believed reading and writing did in his day, and gig-driving and farming in ours by his descend- ants. All these tyros in the art (the last particularly) flew awkwardly, feet hanging down, tail outspread, and screwed in below them at an obtuse angle, I pre- sume, to give their pectoral muscles a stand-point for the leverage of their wings. Better mark still of their incapacity and clumsiness, the axis of their bor.]y more or less perpendicular—the one run down particularly noticeable in that—just liko & hobbledehoy bantam trying to fly over a fence too tall for him. In fact, no one accustomed to the powerful, swift, and what (for want of a better epithet) I must call the dreamy flight of the full-grown woodcock, could have believed it was the young that flew as my vroUgis did. THE legitimate "opening" of what in the metro- polis is termed the "ouster season," took place on Saturday morning at Billingsgate Market. Prices ruled as follows:-Natives, 90s. to 1001. per bushel; pearls, chene rock?, and old royals, 30d. to 3-JS. common and other inferior kinds, from 13s. per bushel and upwards. AN intrepid swimmer has crossed the Lake of Geneva between Belotte and Bellevue. The feat occupied two hours and a half. During all this time the swimmer took no rest, not even by floating on his back. By the kindness of gentlemen in Nottingham and neighbourhood private hospitality will be offered to more than 300 members of the British Association at the ensuing meeting. Lodgings at an average of 5s. per night have been registered for more than 1,000 visitors and if the meeting is a very large one, from 200 to 300 beds have been reserved in neighbouring towns, easily accessible by special trains after every night of the meeting. AMATEUR SWIMMING MATCH.—On Saturday morn- ing the race for the amateur silver challenge cup, pre- sented by Mr. John Latey, the honorary secretary of the London Swimming Club, took place in the Serpen- tine. The start was from the grating end to Kensing- ton-bridge, 1,000 yards, half-past six being the time specified. There were four entries, viz., Messrs. W. Adams, W. Cole, C. Powell, and F. Smith, but only the first two names appeared at the starting place. They started very evenly and kept together for rather more than 100 yards, when Adams began to take the lead, which he gradually increased, and won very easily, doing the distance in about 1St minutes; but the time is not a fair criterion of his powers, as Cole gave up some distance from the bridge. A CONTEMPORARY says the approaching shooting season offers additional sport in this country, as French partridges (which, in sporting phraseology, are better known as red legs") have located and bred this summer on the hills of Mersham and Godatone. These birds are very plentiful in Norfolk and Essex, and there ia a sprinkling of them in Kent, from which counties these French strangers are supposed to have deserted. They have reared young broods which are strong, but their habit of running makes them rarely to be seen on the wing. For our part we would rather be without such ie than with them. They neither A afford sport nor ithey good to eat. THE imperial nmission for the Paris Exhibition next year has arijed a department in which sailing fa boats, rowing be, and models of ships an y I of all nations cibe exhibited. The model J1 properly placed light and well-covered g » li while the bsata,ints, and canoes occupy a su a roofed shed on margin of the river close to the e principal bridge ling to the exhibition, from whence g they can be readiowered into the water for u • e has been proposeo have a sailing match for scno t and cutter yachts Havre, in July next, and an in. • j national regattaill take place on the Seme. The I English committin connection with this dopartmen^ ( of the Paris Exhiion (of which H R. H. the Duke of ] Edinburgh is cbman) have invited the principal] yacht and boat-ilders to apply for space, and the yacht clubs of tUnited Kingdom will be requested to take part in e sailing matches. The sailors of the Royal Navy v. be permitted to roW is the regatta, and it is hoped ts several prizes will be offered. THE Oxford aiCambridge College Servants Eight- oar race took pb from Jffley to Oxford last week. Hitherto the Oxrd servants have emulated the ex- ample set them their masters at Putney, having been successful six previous occasions, while the Cantabs had nevacored a victory on the water; but it having become kwn that they possessed an unusually good erew, theyrere speedily made the favourites. As the choice of des of the river was known to be a manifest advante, it was determined to have a time race, the crews wing to start eighty y^r(*s aP Oxford had the st position, and went off at a pace which made the friends sanguine of success for a time, but on nting the Gut Cambridge began to gain, and gradily lessened the distance between them, until neathe finish they were so close that a "bump" (a foe seemed inevitable. Easing a little they reached thf flag only a few yards behind Oxford, who shut up wht they heard the report of the Cam- bridge pistol, an rowed leisurely to their goal, many seconds behind (mbridge in point of time. The re- sult was receivedn all sides with great applause. The Oxonians were ;e heavier crew. The Cantabs were entertained at (public banquet at the Town-hall in OF all the futy and amusing P6^30113,1^ of Mr°' give us Arthur3ketchley. His character cJ! Mrs. Brown is inimitKle. How he goes <ou j w >,ow holiday, how si i3 entertained at the J » they get home i the evening, are aU things seen and heard 3 be appreciated. a amazes unlikely that M: Sketchley will be sued for damages some day or oier for splitting the sides of some gentleman's carcsposa, or of some ladies inferior half. We are informe* however, that Mr. Arthur Sketchley will shortly leav this country for America, and take Mrs. Brown wih him. Oh, fie! what will ^s* Arthur Skatchlf say, and what will they say at the Egyptian Hall.

IMPROVE OMNIBUS ACCOMMO- DATION. The Metropolian Railway Company have made an important additon to the accommodation for the public, by which from last Monday, the inhabitants of Kensington, lammersmith, the City, and, indeed, all the districts trough which the line of railway runs, were enabled tl book themselves right through to Oxford-circus. This very desirable object is aocom. plished by mess of an omnibus service from Portland- road station to tie Oxford-circus. For this purpose, the company sous time ago gave an order to Messrs. M-Naught and Smith, of Worcester, to construct omnibusfes of ;he most comfortable and elegant description thtfc could be devised, leaving the conception and carrying out of the style and details to the good taste and judgment of the firm. A couple oithese omnibuses and the horses which have been proviced for the service were submitted to the inspection d a few gentlemen on Friday. A sort of trial trip tod* plaee. It may safely be said that nothing in the omnibus line ever appeared in the metropolis like ihe Metropolitan Railway new buses. Though much larger than the ordinary run of omni- buses, their exteiior appearance is light and elegant. A striking peculiarity of the new omnibuses is that they are divided into classes. The inside first-class carriage is fitted up with all the comfort and magni. ficence which distinguishes the nrst-class railway carriages belonging to the Metropolitan Railway Company; and, indeed, more so, for they are not alono well-lighted and luxuriously upholstered, but they also possess small but necessary com- forts, such, for instance, as umbrella stands. The inside first-clsss carriages are arranged to seat six passengers. The rear of the imide of the omnibus is set apart for second-alaes passengers. A vast im- provement on even the best got-up omnibuses at present in use is here observable. The interiors of the 83Cond-class carriages are remarkable for a rich display of polished mahogany, enamelled cloth upholstery, and plate glass, and are equally as well ventilated, well lit, and roomy as the first class. Seven inside second-class passengers are provided for. The roof is also divided into classes. The first-class seats are placed on each side, and behind the driver. They will be found to be exceedingly comfortable positions. Seven seats have been arranged for first-class outeides. The remaining portion of the roof is fitted up for second and third-class passengers. The whole bus can accommodate 40 passengers. The seats on the top of the omnibus are cane-bottomed, so that sitting for any length of time on damp cushions is not, so far as these vehicles are concerned, a necessity connected with 'bus travelling. Access to the top is by means of spacious stairs and railing; to the inside, as one gets into a railway carriage. In front, under the first- class outsides, a goodly sized luggage compartment is provided. A stud of 30 magnificent horsts has already been purchased. Altogether, anything more complete, comfortable, and elegant than the two specimens in question of the conveyances which the Metropolitan Railway Company are getting up for the accommoda- tion of passengers by their railway, could not possibly be devised. The public may well indulge in a hope that the attempt the company are making to add to the comfort and convenience of their passengers will be emulated by companies more extensively engaged in omnibus traffic. -<>• —

Birthday of the Duke of Edinburgh at Windsor.—On Monday, the 22nd anniversary of the birth of his Royal Highness Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh, who was born on August 6, 1844, was duly celebrated in the royal borough of Windsor. At seven o'clock in the morning the bells of the Chapel Royal, of St. George, and St. John's churches, were pealed, and at one o'clock a royal salute was fired in the Long-Walk, and repeated from Fort Belve- dere and the Royal. Adelaide frigate at Virginia. ^V&t8r» Thfl Blade Baronetcy.—It is now said that the case involving the baronetcy of Sir Alfred Adolphus Slade, which waa set down ^sMon in Assizes will not come on this term. The question in dispute is one of illegitimacy and as to which of the sons of the late Sir Frederick Slade, Q.C., should sac- ceed him in the baronetcy. The point raised is alleged to be one of law, and not of disputed facts and it is just possible that the oase may be settled without being? sent to a jury. Witnesses were ready for at- tendance at the assizes from. India, Turkey, and America, and these are now being examined before a commission in London. A very extraordinary encounter, says a Paris correspondent, between a rat and an elephant has taken place at the Garden of Plants, which was wit- nessed with intense interest by hundreds of persons. The keepers were engaged in destroying a great num- ber of rats, when one of them escaped and ran to the spot allotted to the elephant. Seeing no other refuge, in the twinkling of an eye the rat snugly ensconced himself in the trunk of the elephant, evidently very much to the elephant's dissatisfaction. He stamped his foot and twisted his trunk round like the sail of a windmill. After these evolutions he stood suddenly still, evidently reflecting on what was best to be done. He then ran to the basin where he is accustomed to drink, and plunged his trunk into the water. He then returned to his den, and, raising his trunk, with the water he absorbed he dashed out the unfortunate rat, which was in a volume of water like that issuing from a fire-engine. When the rat fell to the ground,. the elephant seized him and made him undergo this immersion and projection four times. At the fourth throw the rat fell dead. The elephant, with a majestic air, but cool and placid, crushed his annoying little enemy with his foot, and then went round to the spectators to make his usual collection of cakes, sugar, and other dainties. The feat was received with unanimous and vociferous applause, which the elephant seemed fully to understand and appreciate.

A GRAND TREAT TO THE CHILDBEN OF ASTON CLINTON. A few days ago Lady de Rothschild gave a grand treat to the whole population of Aston Clinton, Halton, and Buckland, Buckinghamshire, in whose welfare she is known to take a deep interest. Her ladyship's guests included the children of the schools at Aston Clinton and Halton, both of which she entirely supports, the children in the straw-plaiting school in the former village, and those of the Buckland school, the total number invited being 574. Each had the privilege of bringing a couple of friends, thus swell- ing the number of invitations to 1,722. There was also present a large number of her ladyship's tradesmen and others, specially invited, from Aylesbury and other places, so that the entire number could not have been less than 2,200. The weather was fine, and the condi- tion of the beautiful grounds of Aston Clinton House was quite favourable for all kinds of al fresco enjoy- ments. The proceedings were begun with an immense tfla-narty beneath an alcove of trees, a little distance from the mansion, Mrs. Grainge, the housekeeper, presiding. This being over, the band of the 4th Bucks (Yale of Aylesbury) Rifle Volunteers marched to the lawn in front of the mansion, where the games began in good earnest. The prizes amounted in aggregate value to -870. There were also Binging, swinging, hurdle- racing, pole-climbing, and dancing on the green. A considerable number of boys of the Aston Clinton school were presented with new suits of clothing; and the eirls were all attired in frocks of pink, through the liberality of the same estimable lady, and thus pre- sented a pretty and unique appearance. The" ladies of the house" entered with much spirit into some of the games with the young people, all of whom were delighted. Sir Anthony and Lady de Rothschild were unavoidably absent, pressing business having called them to to wn that morning; and Mr. N. M. d e Rothschild, M.P. for Aylesbury, was also prevented from being present. Everything went, however, merry enoagh, and the whole of the amusements were kept up till dusk, when the guests dispersed to their homes.

POISONED PICKLES AND THE. CHOLERA. A respectably-dressed man attended before the sitting magistrate at Clerkenwell on Saturday to iay before him a statement of facts in connection with mixed pickles and the cholera, which are of interest to the public. He stated that a day or so since his servant fetched from a shop in his neighbourhood some mixed pickles, the tradesman stating when he supplied them to her that they were very fine and fresh, he having opened a fresh jar to serve them. When he (the speaker) saw the pickles he did not like the look of them, and refused to partake of any. His wife and servant, however, ate them, and shortly after were attacked with oholera'.o diarrhoea, their mouths becoming very sore. A surgeon was sent for, and when he arrived he at once asked if the parties had been eating mixed pickles. He was answered in the affirmative, and he then said that his patients' mouths were poisoned, and that that was about the ninth or tenth case of the kind he had attended under similar circumstances. From jkat he (the speaker) had gathered it appeared tha, when the ordinary pickles were bad, and putrid, they were plaoed in a tub, mixed with turmeric and mustard, and were then sold as piccalilly. To ascertain if that kind of pickle was better at one shop than another, he had purchased samples from no less than twelve different shops, and in eaoh instance he had found that the pickle was putrid. His object in attending before the Court was to obtain the assistance of the press in making these facts known, as from what the surgeon had informed him there could be but very little doubt that the eating of such messes as were sold for sound pickles was the cause of much of the diarrhcea and the cholera that was now prevailing in the metropolis. He had communicated with the Banitary authorities of the parish in which he resided, and they had promised to see to the matter.-The magistrate said he had no doubt but that the press would notice the matter, and the visitor then left the court.

TEN PER CENT. There has never been from the first any doubt what- ever, among any class, of the practioal convertibility of the Bank of England notes, and since the first paroxysm of terror on the celebrated Overend Friday there has scarcely been any run, in the old-fashioned acceptation of the word, upon any bank either in or oft of London. But instead of a crush at the Bank doors of an igno- rant and unreasoning multitude, there has been on the part of men of business of all grades and descriptions, a deep-rooted and deliberate suspicion of each other's solvency, which in many cases, would be comical were it not so serious in its consequences. All now business is refused, and the only or the chief anxiety amongst City men appears to be to liquidate their existing businesses so as to be enabled to hoard money. The sudden and entire collapse of credit appears to have developed throughout the country a genuine miserly instinct, which we suppose is always latent in human nature. Now it is perfectly true that the Bank Act was not in any way the cause of this collapse of credit, but no impartial observer of the course of events during the last three months can doubt that the Bank Act has very grievoasly aggra- vated the state of discredit which a previously pro- tracted course of reckless speculation has brought not only upon individuals, but also upon the nation at large. It is the maintenance of a rate of 10 per cent. as the lowest rate at which the directors of the Bank of England think it safe to accommodate even their best customers with any credit, which produces so disastrous an effect on English credit on the Conti- nent. Foreigners say, "The Bank directors must know best the state of solvency of the commercial com- munity, and if their deliberate estimate of the finan- cial respomibilityof their oountrymen is so low, it is not safe for us to have anything to do with such an insolvent set of dangerous speculators." Never- theless, it is notorious that the real value of money at present is much below, or, in other words, the general estimate of solvency is much above what the Bank directors are pleased to put it at. The directors de- fend themselves by pointing to their reserve, We are willing to grant them the full weight of this argument, but we say that if, as prudent bankers, they feel then,selves forced to adopt a line ot action which not only conveys to foreigners an utterly false notion of the state of our trade, but is really (destroying Eng. lish credit abroad, then they are placed in a most unfortunate and invidious position, and there is a flaw in the system, and a very great one. The severity of the ordeal through whioh the i,rade of the country has passed and is passing, on the whole successfully, proves the soundness of the principles on which the traders conduct their business; and the fact that foreigners are induoed by the action of the Bank of England to look upon the whole country as more or less in- solvent is a proof, and we confess we think a con- vincing one, that a radical change of system is ne- cessary, not only in the Bank itself, but also in the currency of the country. In support of this opinion we appeal to the authority of Mr. Gladstone himself, who called the attention of the House on Tuesday to the fact that just at the moment when we required the largest amount of currency, the country bank cir- culation was diminished, by no less than a million sterling, which was practically withdrawn from the reserve of the Bank of England, and until the confi- dence of country bankers and their customers is entirely restored, this million will not be replaced in the Bank reserve. But confidence will not be restored until the danger signal of 10 per cent. is lowered, and therefore the way to get back this million and increase the reserve, is to lower the rate; and yet we hear Mr. Hubbard declaring on the part of the Bank that until the reserve is increased to £7,500,000 the danger signal shall not be lowered. But when the action of the Bank produces so strong a reaction on the public, the time when we may expect to see events return to their normal course seems really as distant and inde- finite as ever, and Mr. Hubbard's argument appears to us as like a reductio ad absurdum as anything we have heard for some time. His comparison Bank, or rather of its limitation of issue, to a or also appears to us to be its condemnation. W-e J >, a bridge has been carefully constructed andj bear a certain weight it ought not to 0 instead of beyond that weight. In Qtber words 'aSailJg over the bridge being made to suit the t e br;(3ge; it, the traffic must be cut down to s eocmomi8t haa is fortunately many years BIB of Commons a,t least ventured to confess-in ™°*FaU.mau Gazette. —to so illiberal a doctrine.^ 4. f vn onev has been made by the Treasury

A grant °f^°tn0tyHealth, for the purpose of con- to the j g0rieg af experiments and researches ductmg a sp>n with tte present outbreak of cholera. gr simon will conduot the inquiry.