Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
6 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
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BUSINESS ADDRESSES. "V"V''o,r.I'¡'V.v.v. "Ipnuich may be described as the birthplace of Chemical Manures." JOSEPH FISON & Co., MASNFACTDRBBS OP I^SULPHURIC^ACID AND CHEMICAL 7 W MANURES. (One of the Oldest Firms in the Trade.) IPSWICH* BRAMFORD, PLYMOUTH, POOLE, BIDEFORD, SWANSEA, AND HULL. A Pamphlet with full particulars of these celebrated Manures may be obtained of any of the Agents of the Firm, or (post free) from the Head Offices. Messrs. JOSEPH FISON & Co., having established a Depot at Swanseal are now prepaied to deliver their Manures, carriage paid, at any Railway Station in South Wales and the neighbouring counties. The Corn Manures are designed especially for thejproduction oifine quality combined with a large yield, in which respect they excel other well known fertilisers, and samples of corn grown with these manures have fetched the highest market prices in past seasons. The Root Manures are designed, not only to give the young plants a good start, but to support them through every stage of their growth. Attention is particularly drawn to these points as some manures are only partial in their action, and, though forcing at first, fail to bring the crops to perfection. Purchasers are requested to give their orders to the nearest Agent, er, if there be no Agent in the neighbourhood, they can be supplied direct from the Firm at list prices. Messrs. Joseph Fison & Co. are prepared to appoint direct Agents at places in which they are not at present represented, and gentlemen of position and responsibility, who may be disposed to undertake such agencies, are requested to apply by letter to the Head Offices. A few districts only now remain unoccupied, and early application for agencies in such districts is particularly requested. Reference to a Bank or a Wholesale Firm of good standing is expected before opening an account. HEAD OFFICES: EASTERN UNION MILLS, IPSWICH. E. JONES, (Late MORRIS JONES) COACHBUILDER Moor Street, Aberystwyth. CARRIAGES OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER Repairs executed by First-class Workmen. BINDING OF ALL KINDS CHEAPLY AND EXPEDITIOUSLY EXECUTED. ORDERS RECEIVED BY J. GIBSON, 3, QUEEN'S-ROAD, ABERYSTWYTH MUSIC WAREHOUSE, TERRACE ROAD, ABERYSTWYTH. PIANOFORTES AND HARMONIUMS FOR SALE OR HIRE. W. K. WHEATLEY & SONS -=: HAVE now on View (inspection invited) the Paris -L-L Exhibition Model American Organ, by Mason and Hamlin, 13 stops, knee swells, .Price 34 guineas. Hillier's New Model American Organ, nine stops and knee swell 28 guineas, The New Molel Walnut and Gold Piano, gpven octaves, ivory keys, truss legs, by Dodson, from Collard and Collard's 35 guineas Walnut Cottage Piano, 7 octaves, by Dodson, from Collard and Collard s 22 guineas. A Stock of Pianos by Brinsmead, Kirkman, Metzler, and other makers, procured if not in stock, at London prices; Alexandre's Harmoniums, and Wheatley and Sons' Organ Harmoniums, from 5 guineas. For Price, Excellence of Manufacture and Quality of Tone Unequalled. INSTRUMENTS MAY BE HAD ON THE HIRE AND PURCHASE SYSTEM Of MONTHLY PAYMENTS. A Large Stock of Ocarinas from Is. 9d.; Concertinas, 3s.; banjos, 5s.; violins, 4s. 6d.; cornets, 25s.; and Musical Instrument Strings and Fittings of every description. New and Popular Music from 3d. a copy; also the popular Copyright Music. Orders for Pianoforte and Harmonium Tuning, within thirty miles of Aberystwyth, will receive the attention of W. R. WHEATLEY. Teacher and Tuner from Messrs. John Brinsmead and Sons, London. Testimonials for Tuning from Brinley Richards, Esq., and other eminent musicians. DOLGELLEY. JAMES B. MEE, FISHMONGER, GAME DEAILER, FRUITERER, &c., &c. Bridge End House, Dolgelley. Constant Supplies of various kinds of fresh Fish, Game, &c. according to Season. ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO, An d anything not on hand procured on the shortest notice. Ice always on hand, and supplied by the pound and Upwards. ø- Note the Address:— Bridge End House, Dolgelley. MR. CROSSLEY, Organist of the Parish:Church, Dolgelley, RECEIVES PUPILS. Organ, Pianoforte, Harmonium, Singing, and Harmony. Bank Buildings, Dolgelley. When you asK. for I ,Reckitts Paris Blue' See that you get it, as had qualities are often substituted. LITHOFRACTEUR. THE Safest and most Powerful Explosive in use. Patented and Manufactured by Messrs. Krebs Bros, and Co., of London and Cologne on Rhine, who have ap- pointed Messrs. VIVIAN & CO., Of Portmadoc, Carnarvonshire, To represent them in the Principality. LITHOFRACTEUR Will rend more rock than any other Explosive, Is equally powerful whether used in wel or dry ground, Will fill any size or shape of, borehole, Has no noxious fumes, Has never caused an accident, Is stronger, safer, and healthier to use than any other Explosive. For Terms apply to VIVIAN & Co., Portmadoc, who are also prepared to supply Portable and Fixed .steam Engines for Winding, Pumping, and General Purposes Rock Drills and Com- pressors, by the best makers; Haggle's Steel and Iron Wire Ropes Cast Steel Wheels; Best Drill and Jumper Steel General Mining and Quarry Plant, &c., &c. Agents for Whittle's Orion Gas Oil Lamps, equal in light to gas; no chimney, wick, or trimming. TO COAL MERCHANTS. CELEBRATED EAGLE COAL! HOT. FREE. CLEAN. DURABLE. To be had only from- J. H. N ICIIOLS, Sandfield House, Newton-le-Willows, LANCASHIRE. ASTHMA,-COUGH,- BRONCHITIS Cl CARS D E-J Oy GIVES INSTANTS EOUS RELIEF in the worst cases of ASTHMA, COUGH, BRONCHITIS, and SHORTNESS OF BRBATH, and may be used by the most delicate patieuts without the least inconvenience, as they contain no sub- stance capable of deranging the system. Price 2s. 6. per box, or seven boxes 153., free by pottt on receipt of P.O.O. to WILCOX & Co., 336, OXFORD- STREET, LONDON, and through all Chemists. None genuine unless signed on the box E. W. WILCOX." REFORMED EPISCOPAL CHURCH.-An Official Statement of its principles and objects, with hints as to commencing Evangelical Church Services, may be obtained by forwarding a Penny Stamp to the Rev. It, Huvfjijy TAYLOR, 8, Herriew-street, Welshpool, PRICE ONE SHILLING. Or Post Free Fourteenpence Halfpenny. Now Published, AGRICULTURE IN WALES, JLJL BY J. GIBSON. (Cambrian News.) To be had at the Booksellers, and at theRail way Bookstalls. CONTAINS CHAPTERS ON Yearly Tenures and their Effects. Superstitiows about Land. The Preservation and Reclamation of Land. Land Proprietors. Garden and Dairy Products. Fairs and Markets. Hill Sheep and Escheators. Wool Growing and Management. Servants and Hiring. Stock Rearing and Wheat Growing. The Growth of Root Crops. Cattle Breeding—Mongrels. Cattle Breeding-Pure Bred. Ground Game. Planting-Wales a Land of Forests. Planting—The Revival of Arboriculture. Planting—The Future of Arboriculture. Labour-Saving Machinery. Agricultural Societies. Lime and Bones. Horses. Horses (Continued). Agricultural Education. Sales by Auction.
[No title]
The author is a thoroughly straightforward man. He has shirked nothing here in the way of honest criticism. Landlords, tenants, labourers come under his supervision, and, so far as we can see, every class alike receive fair and wholesome exhortation, castigation, praise whatever their desert may be. Although there is much to criticise, and even to condemn, in the field which the author traverses, there is nothing set down in malice. What possible motive could there be for that ? If we understand the title page aright, Mr. Gibson is the editor of the Cambrian News. So far as his personal interests are concerned, he must desire to be considered friendly by his readers in the Principality, and he has interpreted aright the duties of true friendship. We see that he has been pulled up by an angry writer in a contemporary, on the ground of his too sweeping assertion of the superstitions which still lurk in secluded places—in Wales as elsewhere and perhaps it is too bold a generalization to declare that there is scarcely a farm where there is not, at least, one cursed piece of land respecting which stories are told of disasters that attend attempts at cultivation." This is, however, the only bit of exaggeration that has been hit, and the twenty-four chapters of which the book consists, re- lating to yearly tenures, land reclamation, landowners, garden and dairy, fairs and markets, hill sheep and wool growing, servants and hiring, stock rearing, cattle-breeding, planting, horses, education, and the like, are an admirable series of essays written in weighty, authoritative tone, with historical impartiality, and obvious anxiety to be serviceable. We should have been glad of every one of them, to have secured it, before publication elsewhere, for a leading article in the Agricultural Gazette. There are here 140 useful pages for a shilling.-Agricultural Gazette. Taking into consideration that the Principality of Wales is so intimately connected with England, it is with some surprize we have perused this pamphlet, the author of which, living near the centre, and connected with one of its most influential newspapers, has ample opportunities of knowing the real state of its agriculture. In plain language-a fact which cannot be disputed-he tells us in the preface that farming is not in an advanced state in the Principality. It appears that the bulk of the land under cultivation is high and poor, but the low lands, for want of capital and enterprise, are undrained, and simply used for occasional runs for cattle and sheep. The highlands are neither planted nor enclosed, and conse- quently return the owners low rentals, and afford the tenants no brighter prospect than a hard life, little, if any, better than that of a labourer. This is a dreadfully black bit of painting, but fortunately it does not apply all over the country. In Cardiganshire, Merionethshire, and other counties there are landlords who. plant liberally, and some who grant leases, do not over preserve game, maintain buildings, and encourage improvements, and with such treatment tenants thrive in Wales in a similar ratio to what they do in Scotland and England. The other chapters in this really inter- esting book are, planting trees,. and labour-saving machinery. The lime and bones question, and the chapters on horses and agricultural education, and sales by auction, are well worth perusal. Indeed, if the far- mers in Wales read this treatise with profit they will take the advice given by the author in good part, and endeavour speedily to profit by it.—From a review, two colums long, in the Kirkcudbrightshire Advertiser. Mr. Gibson has described in a very able manner the present condition of agriculture in the Principality. North Wales Chronicle. The pamphlet contains much information, and is cer- tainly worth its price to those who are interested in the Principality. -Field. It would be impossible, in the space at our disposal, to do justice to all the points dealt with by Mr. J Gibson, of the Cambrian News, in his interesting pamphlet. We shall, however, notice a few of his more interesting facts and^ sagacious reflections."—Leader in Liverpool Daily Mr. Gibson, of the Cambrian News, has written a very interesting and valuable treatise on Welsh agriculture, and we like it all the better because, as he tells us, he has not attempted to teach the farmer his business, nor to lay down hard and fast rules of any kind. We have in most agricultural manuals a great deal too much dogma- tism about farming, comprising much that is nothing more than milk for babes." Mr. Gibson has well described the agriculture of the Principality, pointed out its defects and suggested remedies. There is in this little book— which, by the by, deserves a more permanent binding than its cheapness allows—a great deal of interesting informa- tion on the social customs of the Welsh farmers, besides a full treatment of the systems of tenure, methods of cultiva- tion, stock breeding and management, faira and markets arboriculture, horses, and labour system of Wales. Mr. Gibson seems to us to hold sound views generally on what may be considered the debatable points of his subject, and he has something to say on such vexed questions as game and farm tenure. On the whole, we strongly recommend his treatise to all who love to study the agricultural and social customs and peculiarities of different parts of the sountry.—Mark Lane Express. Many small occupiers with insufficient capital and less knowledge may no doubt be met with. Many landlords not alive to the necessities of modern farming, or in a position to effect the repairs required for dilapidated and obsolete buildings, or others who maintain a pre- judicial exuberance of ground game. are to be found among the hills and vales of the Principality. But surely the exceptions are more numerous than this pamphlet would lead us to believe. If not, the sooner the agricul- tural schoolmaster is let loose avnong the Welshmen the better, and the sooner they listen to some of the advice which is liberally offered in this little treatise the better for all parties. Cha?nbc?- of Agriculture Journal. Publishers HODDER and STOUGHTON, 27, Paternoster Row, London.
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NOW READY. FREEMASONS' KALENDAR, FOR NORTH WALES AND SHROPSHIRE. PRICE, ONE SHILLING. By Post Is. Id. PUBLISHED BY WOODALL AND VENABLES, OSWESTRY. NOW READY. History of the Gwydir Family WITH numerous valuable notes from the Brogyntyn, w Wynnstay, and Peniarth MSS., added by W. W. E. WYNNE, Esq., of Peniarth, and never before published. Printed in quarto, on thick hand-made paper, old-faced type. Illustrated with portraits of Sir John and Sir Richard Wynne, Views of Gwydir in 1684 and 1720; of Dolwyddelan Castle in 1742, and Llanrwst Bridge in 1781. A copy sent post free to any address in Great Britain or America on receipt of Twenty-one Shillings, by WOODAIJL and VENABLES, Publishers, Oswestry. From the Daily Newn, Jan. 22nd, 1879. The thanks of antiquaries and historical students are .e to Mr. Askew Roberts, of Oswestry, for his handsome reprint with many valuable additions (Oswestry: -Woodall and Venables), of the old memoir of the Gwydir Family, written by Sir John Wynne in the time of James II., and first published in 1770. This narrative comprises the only knewn account of the state of society in North Wales in the fifteenth and the earlier part of the sixteenth centuries and its little incidental sketches of the wild, lawless condition of the country, and of the feuds of the different families who in certain districts were always contending for mastery, are curiously significant. The volume is accompanied by pedigrees, and by several interesting old portraits ana views reproduced in facsimile. BUSINESS ADDRESSES I "NATIONAL" BOOT WAREHOUSE, 29, GREAT DARKGATE-STREET, ABERYSTWYTH. S TEA D & CO., THE LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF BOOTS AND SHOES IN THE WORLD, HAVE OPENED THE PREMISES AS ABOVE WITH THE LARGEST AND BEST STOCK OF BOOTS AND SHOES EVER SEEN IN ABERYSTWYTH —♦ STEAD & Co., THE c. NATIONAL" B03T WAREHOUSE, 29, GREAT DARKGATE-ST., ALL GOODS THEIR OWN MANUFACTURE. Every Pair Warranted All Leather. NO GUTTA PERCHA USED. MANUFACTORIES- LEICESTER, LEEDS, NORTHAMPTON, DAVENTRY, AND OAKHAM. WHOLESALE PRICES FOR CASH ONLY. NOTE THE ADDRESS- "NATIONAL BOOT WAREHOUSE, 29, GREAT DARKGATE-ST., ABERYSTWYTH s PECTACLES, SPECTACLES. C. B. RADCLIFFE, Esq.M.D., 25, Cavendish Square, London, Consulting Physician to the Westminster Hospital, writes :—" No Spectacles could possibly suit better than HENRY LAURANCES." EDWARD KNOCKER, Esq., J.P., Dover, late Mayor of Dover, writes :—" My sight has improved since using HENRY LAURANCE'S SPECTACLES." JOHN DEATH, Esq., J.P., Cambridge, late Mayor of Cambridge, writes :—" Sirs. Death's sight has been much strengthened by the use of HENRY LAURANCE'S SPECTACLES." T. SMITH ROWE, Esq., M.D., Margate, Senior Surgeon to the Royal Sea Bathing Infirmary, Margate, writes:—"I regret that I did not use HENRY LAU- RANCE'S SPECTACLES long since." HENRY LAURANCE'S SPECTACLES Are the CLEAREST, COOLEST, and BEST for the Sight. Thousands have been benefited by their use when all other Spectacles have failed. A list of the Testimonials can behad from the agent, fem whom these Spectacles can only be obtained. All Spectacles stamped H.L. AGENT FOB ABERYSTWYTH— A. MAJOR, JEWELLER AND OPTICIAN, 38, PIER STREET. AGENT FOR MACHYNLLETH- E. REES, CHEMIST, MEDICAL HALL. ENLARGED SERlIES, 48 or 56 COLUMNS. THE LEADING PAPER FOR CARDIGANSHIRE, MERIONETHSHIRE, SOUTH CARNARVONSHIRE, &c. DELIVERED by Post, or at any Station on the Cambrian, Great Western, or Manchester and Milford Railway, for Twelve Months, for 8s. 8d. in ad- vance. THE CAMBRIAN NEWS. Delivered by agento (through whom it may be ordered) on Friday morning for twelve months, for 6s. 6d. in ad- vance, at all the places mentioned in our List of Agents. Published by J. GIBSON, Aberystwyth; JACOB JONES, Bala; D. LLOYD, Portmadoc.
RELIGION IN WALES.
RELIGION IN WALES. (No. 5.) CHAPELS AND THEIR USES. THERE is a growing feeling amongst leading Non- conformists, that the spirit of worship would be quickened and made more devout if chapels were devoted exclusively to religious purposes. In the early days of Dissent, the people of Wales were rudely taught that true worship is not confined to any particular place, and that the Most High is not to be found only in temples made with hands." The altar of GOD was reared wherever there were lowly contrite hearts, and He was found in all places where men called upon His name. The bulk of the inhabitants of Wales are in no danger of looking with superstitious reverence at places of worship, but they recognize more and more every year the expediency of setting chapels apart for worship. At first, this was impossible, and was so far from being contem- plated by those who built them, that many deeds expressly state that the chapels were erected for religious and philanthropic purposes." One of the most common uses to which chapels are put in Wales, apart from worship, is that of Sunday Schools. Until very recently, not even the wealthier Nonconformist congregations built Sunday Schools as well as chapels, but now it is customary when a chapel is built to provide schoolrooms which are also used for meetings of other kinds. The work of instructing a large number of children and adults cannot be con- ducted in buildings, ill-adapted for the purpose, without a good deal of noise, and activity, to use no harsher words, calculated to weaken those feelings which are commonly entertained by men for their temples. Many strong objections, freely admitted by the more thoughtful among Noncon- formists, can be urged against using chapels as C' Sunday Schools, but with the majority of men, sentimental objections have not much weight as long as it cannot also be urged that it is wicked to use chapels for other purposes than worship. Chapels are frequently used for purely secular purposes, such as concerts, lectures, singing and competitive meetings, and for political gatherings. The objections against converting chapels into Sunday Schools apply with increased force against converting them into concert halls, lecture rooms, and political battle grounds. On Sunday, when the minister stands up to declare the truths of religion his congregation may be more forcibly reminded by him of the singer, lecturer, or political partizan who occupied his place the previous night, than of the lowly Christ. The rounds of hearty cheers that greeted a favourite song seem to have scarcely died away when the hymn of praise is raised, com- pared with the excitement and noise of the week- night gatherings, religious meetings, if they do not seem dull and cold, stand out in violent con- trast, and suggest unpleasant comparisons. The injury done to religious sentiments by the mixed uses of Nonconformist places of worship is not so great as it would be if the people had not alwaysbeen accustomed to see gatherings of various kinds held in chapels. The injury is not so much in what is done as in what is prevented. If the places of worship in which men assemble are associated in their minds with thoughts of other things than devotion some of their influence for good is lost. The political uses to which chapels aie put may be given to illustrate this point. The term "Political Dissenters" has a very distinct and well under- stood meaning in Wales. Later on the political Dis- senter, and the reasons why he is a political Dis- senter, will be dealt with in detail, but here it is only needful to point out that when. men, smarting under a term intended to be opprobrious, meet in places of worship to discuss political wrongs and disabilities, religious senti- ment for the places themselves is apt to be injured. It has been necessary in times gone by, and it may be necessary again in times to come, to protest vehemently from the very steps of the altar against political injustice. This may be done without injury, but something precious is lost when men's temples, however necessarily, are converted into recognized arenas of political strife. Nonconformists should not be hastily con- demned because they use their chapels for purposes that undoubtedly rob them somewhat of that sanctity and awe which fill the heart with tender memories and hallowed associations. In the old tempestuous days freedom of worship and liberty of conscience were at stake. These were more than tender memories, and for them hallowed associations had been violated and broken. The two thousand clergymen who were ejected from the Established Church more than two centuries ago, and others who were driven out afterwards, looked at the new meeting houses as rallying points. They bad no other places in which to meet. In many parts of Wales there are no other places, except the chapels, where Non- conformists can meet to this day. It is not an easy matter to realize how destitute Wales was a hundred years ago of churches, chapels, and schools. The only buildings in rural dis- tricts, besides churches and chapels, were National Schools, which, of course, could not be obtained by Nonconformists. When Nonconformists es- tablished day schools, they were held, like other meetings, in the chapels. After the year 1870 School Boards were rapidly formed, notwith- standing a good deal of opposition from the Church of England, and in the short space of eight years hundreds of schools have been built in different parts of the Principality. There are, of course, many purposes to which Board Schools cannot be applied, and amongst them political purposes, so that Nonconformists in the rural districts of Wales are often compelled either to use their chapels or to abstain altogether from 'holding political meetings. The need for Sunday schoolrooms is so generally admitted that, wherever there is sufficient land attached to the chapel, or where additional land can be pur- chased, an attempt is made to build a school- room, not, perhaps, altogether because it is thought desirable to have chapels kept exclu- sively for religious services, but partly because of the difficulty experienced in keeping books in a chapel used also as a Sunday School. The thoughts and feelings of Nonconformists respecting the uses to which places of worship may be put, can be best judged in towns where public halls have been erected, and where it is not necessary, therefore, to hold meetings in chapels. It is found in towns that public rooms are always, or nearly always, engaged for political meetings, but that lectures and singing meetings are frequently held in chapels, merely to save ex- pense. Any sort of meeting a Nonconformist congregation think it right to hold at all they do not hesitate to hold in the chapel; but still there is a growing sense that by using chapels for other purposes than worship something is lost which it would be worth while to retain. A good deal of the not very seemly behaviour in Welsh places of worship, and especially in chapels, is due to a sense of familiarity, and an absence of anything like reverence for the placa. The very general habit of spitting, for instance, is indulged in chapels and churches as freely as in railway carriages, nor is the expectoration a silent performance, or strictly confined to members of the congregations. It is of course scarcely to be expected that people who spit at home and spit in railway carriages will abstain from spitting in churches and chapels which like many cottages formerly bad mud floors. The late attendance of members at places of worship is another unseemly act very little thought of in Wales. The congregations come dropping in, not very quietly, sometimes, for at least half an hour after the nominal time for beginning service. So unpunctual are the people that, in some places, if the minister began at the time announced he would have but a scant congrega- tion to the early part of the service. Perhaps the most objectionable and unseemly feature in Welsh chapels is the way the people lounge during prayer. They neither kneel nor stand. At the beginning of the prayer they bow their heads, but long before it is finished they resume the positions they occu- pied before it commenced. Of course petitions or thanks presented to an earthly sovereign would be tendered in a becoming attitude, but when the petitions and thanks are presented to the King of kings, it seems that any sort ofposturewill do. Few things would appear more out of place, perhaps, in an ordinary Welsh Chapel than for a member of the congregation to assume that lowly attitude of supplication which becomes an erring creature in the presence of his Creator. It would be diffi- cult for many Nonconformists to understand that their easy way of lounging on their seats during prayer is as shocking to one who has been taught that at his His name every knee shall bow, as the crossings and prostrations of Roman Catholics are to them. Unquestionably Nonconformists have something to learn from the Church of Eng- 0 0 land in this respect.gj It is not intended to blame men for their de- meanour in places of worship. Much depends on education and training. If chapels had been set apart for worship, and had been always looked upon as solemn houses of prayer and praise, they would have held a different place in the lives of the people, and the people themselves would have been far otherwise. The celebration of marriage in a place of worship has considerable influence in giving rise to memories which cling to that place. In Wales marriages in chapels are not as common as at church, or as at registrars' offices. Services for the dead, too, in places of worship endear them to the bereaved and who has not been bereaved ? Cemeteries in towns have done away with the custom of taking the dead to the place of worship prior to burial; but sometimes that custom is observed. Everything that tends to weaken the people's reverence fur the place where they worship tends also to lower the worship. In the old days it was impossible t;) avoid putting chapels to many uses besides that of devotion, but the time has come when it is within the power of Nonconformists to set apart their chapels for worship, and to cultivate among the people a deeper reverence—a more vivid realization of the meanings of worship.
. WALES AND THE ENGLISH PRESS.
WALES AND THE ENGLISH PRESS. MR. HENRY RICHARD, M.P., a Welshman, of whom Welshmen are justly proud, recently pre- sided at a meeting held in connection with the erection of a nsw Welsh chapel, instead of the one in Jewin-crescent, London. Mr. RICHARD in the course of his speech, complained, some- what unreasonably we think, that the English Press magnified any little disturbance in Wales, as in the salmon poaching case near Rhayader. This charge against the English Press, and other imaginary foes of Wales, is a very old one, but notwithstanding its antiquity, one that never fails to win a hearty cheer for the champion of the old country. Whether the charge is as true as it is old may be questioned, but true or false the way Mr. RICHARD and his imitators meet it cannot be commended for wisdom or praised for freedom from exaggeration, which by the way is the vice they complain of. Wales has suffered more from misrepresentation that has pictured the country as a little heaven of profound calm, rarely ruffled even by a breath of popular discontent," than from the caustic criticism of the London dailies. It is pleasant to prophesy smooth things, and Peace, peace," is a welcome cry. But is not Wales suffering just now from a surfeit of honeyed phrases and self-laudation. In the Christian World the substance of the speeches delivered on th e orvM-ion referred to was given by a kindly writer wil, evidently is not consumed with hatred of Wales. He says: "If according to my wont, I only believe half what I hear, for talent, for piety, for honesty, for all that can elevate humanity, Wales is far ahead of the other nations of the universe." Here is a well-merited, deft stab of satire provoked by exaggerated mutual admiration. The claims made on behalf of Wales by people whose love and admiration for the country have been strengthened by absence, perhaps, are laughed at in Wales, and taken with a very large grain of salt indeed. This lavish and unmeaning adula- tion must surely be given on the principle accord- ing to which the strong man allowed his some- what puny wife to thrash him. When remon- strated with he said, "Oh, it is of no consequence. It pleases she, and it don't hurt I." Now this coarse praise of Wales may not hurt those who bestow it so lavishly and on such slight provoca- tion, but it certainly does not please them for whom it is intended. It is good-natured to tell the people that their geese are all swans, but they have been to market with them, and know better. Speakers may describe the inhabitants of Wales as wingless angels, and may even get to believe in the picture their fan y has painted, but down here the people know that they are common- I place human beings, toiling, sinning, and suffer- ing from day to day and neither better nor worse than other human beings elsewhere. There is, too, in the minds of the younger generation an uneasy sense that they are unfairly handicap- ped in the race of life. They are far more criti- cal than their fathers were, and have to wpgi a fiercer battle for daily bread. In the old parable the bramble invited all the trees to come and put their trust in his shadow What a sheltered place of rest. Something of this kind is going on now. Welshmen have been asked to put their trust in a shadow, and are beginning to find out their mistake. The great misfortune of Wales is that the men who ought to tell the people plain truths-and plain bitter truths would be more eagerly welcomed than jingiing words of empty praise—unwisely choose tp ring the changes on the imaginary 0 superiority of Wales over all the other nations in the universe. When will the well-meaning friends of the Principality begin to abstain from making 0 their countrymen appear ridiculous by grandiose talk. Flattery ceases to be pleasant when it gives rise to laughter and derision. If some of 5 C, the Welsh members of Puriamtn, have agreed among themselves that their countrymen at home are fond of praise thickly laid on, they would do well to revise their former decision, and in future temper their sweets with a liberal dash of bitters. They have done the work so well that they have overdone it, and the patient is sick and sorely in need of a tomu. And now one word about salmon poaching as practised in Wales. Let us,. for argument's sake, agree that the Fishery laws are defective, that they are unequally adminis- tered, and that, as Mr. HUMPHREYS OWEN very clearly showed the other day in the Daily xfeivSf there is a grievance in the upper portions of the Welsh salmon rivers..Is it to be admitted in future that wherever a law is unsatisfactery, and is not fairly administered, and gives rise to a real grievance, that scores of men are to blacken their faces and otherwise disguise themselves and proceed to set the law and those appointed to preserve the peace at defiance. Mr. HENRY RICHARD does not, of course, think that such a course should be allowed. He is not afraid of the men with the blackened faces who are innocent enough, he thinks, and would do no great harm. Perhaps he does not believe in the blackened faces at all. A London journalist, whose life has been passed in large cities, reads that twenty, or three times that number, of men in a Welsh town or village have blackened their faces, armed themselves with gaffs, sticks and spears, and provided them- selves with torches. He further reads that this gang marches to a salmon river about midnight, and proceeds to "burn "the river for fish. ° It is not to be wondered at if the London journalist generalizes is this way. It must be plain even to these good Welsh people, if they will think a moment, that they are as entirely, though not as murderously, in the wrong as the Irish tenants who fire at an agent or pot' a landlord from behind a hedge. The Irish REBECCA flies at higher game, but the motive and the meaning are the same in either Celtic country. Law and property are to be fought against with violence wherever they are found inconvenient. This doctrine is capable of being applied in every direction, and it cannot be too rigidly suppressed when it takes the form of lawless action. A London REBECCA would break into the Bank, and burn Newgate instead of 'burning the water.' Obviously this would never do. Spirited conduct would in this case become unendurable, and the conduct of REBECCA in Rhayader differs from this only in degree." The writer of the fore- going sentences in the Daily -ivexs cannot fairly be frowned at as an enemy to Wales. The real enemies to Wales are the roughs who resist by force a law they say is unequal, and the unwise people who profess to see no great danger in these armed gangs, and almost refuse to believe in their existence. We are disposed to take as lenient a view of the Flatterers of Wales as they are of the law breakerers, but if the Flatteerrs will take a friendly hint they will in future couch their praise in more ambiguous phrase and so avoid being laughed at in Wales where, of course, they desire to be highly esteemed.
LOCAL AND DISTRICT NOTES.
LOCAL AND DISTRICT NOTES. The Dolgelley Rural Sanitary Authority, at their last meeting, agreed to refund the INSPECTOR the expenses he had been put to in going about the district. This is satis- factory. The work, as was pointed out, is well done, and if the district is once got into a good sanitary condition the ratepayers will be greatly benefited in many ways. It is true the Board might get some sort of an inspector for 230, but that is no reason why an efficient officer should be only paid 230. It is some satisfaction, in looking at the high rate of out. door pauperism in Dolgelley union, to know that in sanitary matters, at any rate, Dolgelley is not behind, but rather in advance of other unions. The death-rate in the Lampeter Local Board district is 21 per 1,000. This is higher than it ought to be, but nothing can be done to bring about a more satisfactory state of things, as long as the people think their town one of the healthiest in the kingdom, The death-rate of Lampeter ought not to be more than 15 per 1,000. The Local Board may be satisfied with the health of the town, but eight or nine people have died during the year who ought not to have died in a town of that size. Mr. JOSEPH, the highway surveyor for one of the Tregaron districts, has been removed by the County Roads Board. This is as it should be. Public appoint- ments in this district are no longer sinecures to be held by men however negligent and incompetent. There is something very salutary in the prompt way the Tregaron Board has dealt with thi3 and other matters during the past twelve months. At the Tregaron Board of Guardians the case came on of an old man who complained that his relief had been reduced from 2s. 6d, to Is. per week. This old man said that he had only the Is. allowed by the Guardians, and Is. 6d. for carrying the mail bags to the station. It transpired that he omitted to state that Major PHELP gives him 2s. 6d. a week. It is doubtful whether this old man is worthy either of the Is. or the 2s. 6d. On Monday next the annual meeting of the North Cardiganshire Agricultural Society will be held at the Town Hall, Aberystwyth. At this meeting officers will be appointed, the accounts will be passed, and other business will be transacted. It is to be hoped that the tenant farmers of the county and landowners will be present, and that among other things, the advisableness of procuring a horse this season to travel the district will be discussed. It is necessary that agriculturists should be frequently reminded that the Society cannot be carried on successfully without funds, and that subscribers have not done all they ought to do, when they have, as they say, given the thing a start. It is necessary to continue movements, as well as to start them, and if the North Cardiganshire Agricultural Society is to continue its good work, farmers and land- owners must subscribe liberally and regularly towards the funds. The improvement in the county during the past four or five years is so marked that no one will venture to hint that the annual shows have not effected great changes by stimulating farmers to make efforts which they would never have thought of making if no shows were held, and there were no prospect of winning prizes. Besides, after all, money paid in subscriptions is only, so to speak, lent to the Society, for it is returned again in the autumn with good interest. There is always danger of leaving the management of the Society to a few gentle. men. Its increased success depends on the general interest taken in its affairs, and that interest cannot be more beneficially shown than by attending the meetings. Mr. DAVID SAMUEL, Aberystwyth, is twentieth Wrangler. This in the ordinary course of things would be considered creditable to Mr. SAMUEL, but it seems the credit must be sub-divided amongst his schoolmasters until there is nothing left for him. Some of it of course is due to the College at Cambridge, or he would never have gone there. The Llandovery School has discovered that hewas ascholar. The University Collegeof Wales, too, points out that he was a student there, and the Grammar School at Aberystwyth also puts in a claim. Men who do well must be scarce when the crumbs of credit are so carefully gathered up. Mr. SAMUEL has had many teachers, but perhaps the chief credit for his success be- longs to himself. Mr. SAMUEL'S success if it proves, anything proves that a man may do well notwithstanding the serious disadvantages arising from many changes. If he had remained at one of the schools he might have taken a still more honourable position. Some years ago the proprietors of schools in the town and neighbourhood of Aberystwyth were anxious that a centre for university local examinations should be estab- lished at Aberystwyth. It was said that at least a suffi- cient number of candidates to defray the expense would be sent in, and that education would be promoted by the increased facilities which a new centre would afford. A committee was therefore formed, and examinations have been held two or three times. The support the committee have received falls so far short of what was promised that there is a balance on the wrong side of the account each year. Notwithstanding the partial success of the past, however the committee have retained Aberystwyth among the list of centres and examinations will be held again tin May this year. If Principals of schools do not think it worth while to support this movement more liberally, there is no reason Iwhy the committee should incur expense merely to offer opportunities which are not valued by those ,e for whom they are intended. It is an offence for boys to play in the streets, and as there are no public playgrounds, the children of the poor have rather a hard time of it. At Aberystwyth, on Wednesday, several youths were fined for playing as football. Mr. SZLWMPER and Dr. ETHE were witnesses against the defendants. Mr. SZLUMPER said one of his windows had been broken by boys playing at football He gave the police some good advice a portion of which might be followed with advantage by others beside policemen. Dr. E'rHE it seems takes possession of the ¡i balls which boys are playing with. Suppose the owners proceeded against him for stealing their property, the professor would find himself in an awkward position, and I committed tffexplanations which would never appear to be quite satisfactory. It is very wicked of people to be I poor and to aggravate their offence by having children. 0; ;f The assistant overseer, with rare exceptions, is a being apparently not governed by any known rules of conduct. The only constant thing about him is his superlative con- tempt for book-keeping. He seems never to have learned 5 any part of the language of which reprimands and threats are made up, for he will listen, his face wreathed in smiles, to either one or the other, without appearing to compre- hend what is said to him. There is a common belief that an assistant overseer, however |poor he may be when he I first takes office, gradually becomes a man of substance* w Perhaps this belief, like many others, has no foundation M