The Cambrian

THE THEFT. (From the "DIBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE.) YOUNG Love descended OVCE from Heaven, Upon a soft and b.ilmy gale, As ilie last tints of rosy even Their lustre pour d o'er hil! and vale,— And in the twilight, pure and tender, Bright shone his pinions' varied plutres, With all the hoes of chanceful splendour, The neck of Juno's bird es. But, ali a cruel poet, straving, Wh ose bosom love had long beguil'd, Beliel,i him. 'iiii(I the roses, playing. And the unsuspecting child,— And-( while the deed the muse rehearses, Her eve a tear of sadness tills) He pluck'd, to pen his amorous verses, From Cupid's pinions all the qnitts! Long time the boy-god wept distress'd, Till woman saw his deep despair; She clasp'd him to her gentle breast, And bade him sooilie his sorrows there. And nestling there, beneath her eyes, It seem'd so like his home above, He all forgot his native skies. And fell no more a wish to rove. And since that hour, in woman's heart, His purest dwelling Love has made; While still his plumes to song impart The sweetness of their tuneful aid. Then should'st thou ever doubt again The power of song, the soul to move, Remember, that the poet's pen Was stolen from the wing of Love!

IV TO THE BURGESSES OF SWANSEA. GENTLEMEN, As one of the unsuccessful Candidates has addressed you on the subject of Ihe late election of Councillors, it has been intimated to me, that a few lines were expected from the ether *«H1 not wishing to be considered deficient in courtesy, I beg to • offer my most cordial thanks to the Sixty-one Independent Bur- gesses, who signed the last requisition, for the hononr they did roe in considering me eligible to represent their interests and although I complied with their wishes only one week prior to the election, I did it more to evince my readiness to be of service than from any expectation of success, knowing that the Lower Ward had been unremittingly canvassed mouths previous to tnv com- mencement and I beg to impress on your minds, that it requires something more than a name to lead a forlorn hope, and to remark to my brother burgesses generally the inexpediencJ of sanctioning the employment of hired canvassers, as persons might be engaged holding official situations, which would enable them to exert undue influence ;—circumstances might render inconvenient to some to resist; — and, whatever credit I might be disposed to accord to tbe tactics of the Chief Manager (evidently an old electioneerer), I cannot but condemn in the strongest terms the contemptible trickery and deception had recourse to by some of the underlings employed, in giving out early in the day, that I had retired, and having the audacity to produce a printed state- ment to that ettect; and I was truly sorry to understand, that some persons moving in a respectable sphere had lent themselves to this false manoeuvre. Possibly they proceeded on the vulgar error of "all being fair" at an election; but allow me to say, nothing could excuse a direct falsehood, and no party feeling gtossover conduct decidedly dishonest. In this transaction, how- ever, I wish it to be clearly understood, that I do not in any way implicate the Principal, for I believe him to be a man of honour, and one who would not advise or connive at such proceedings. Injudicious zeal is generally disadvantageous to the cause in which it is exerted at half past two, to every appearance, the Learned Gentleman was sure of his election until that hour I was a passive observer, and much amused in contemplating the exultation, the scarcastic smiles, knowing winks, significant shrugs of his partizans, and in contrasting the elongated visages of the same party an hour aftei; for, finding that many of my friends had been grossly deceived, and that I had no chance of success, -conceiving also that Mr. Williams's independent prin- ciples accorded with my own, and that he would be equally ac- ceptable to you as myself,—I seized upon the critical moment, and by unremitting exertions in urging on the corps de reserve, socceeded in oatmnntBarringthemanaeaverers, by turning tbe tide of battle. And here again I beg to return my warmest thanks to those gentlemen who, at a moment of extreme excitement, so readily recorded their votes in Mr.Williams's favour, as well as to those friends who farthered my views by not voting at all. Thus much I have Ibooght it necessary to state, to account for my small number of votes. And now, without the least chagrin at my sif posed disappointment, with a few more remarks I most respect- fully take leave, assuring you, that upon any occasion I shall be ready to support the general interest of the town, being quite dis- interested, unfettered by trade, having no connection to beset me for place or emolument but, at the eame time, as no interest of mine could have been forwarded by my election, was it to be ex- pected that I should have entered into expense to have insured it? Much might be written on electioneering, of the interested motives of some, and tbe overwhelming influence exercised in the nomination of others but I shall content myself with asking those gentlemen who saw the expediency of vote by ballot in the election of the Mayor, why they did not propose the same measure at the election of Councillors? Many of you have known me (as Jonathan would say) for a pretty considerable length of time, and my father before me, an honest man, and a true patriot, the first who proposed the Cambrian paper, at a time when a native public journal was unknown in the Pi incipality, a liberal sub. tlCriher to the races on their first introduction, the theatre, public rooms, and all other institutions for the benefit ..f Swansea and like him I feel an honest zeal for the prosperity of the place I itave fixed upon for my permanent residence, by giving it the benefit of any experience I may have gained from the numerous Ma-porlsl have visited in tbe different quarters of the globe. I believe, 1 have already informed you thut upwards of 36 years ago I assisted a celebrated Engineer in surveying the harbour and its attainable conveniences, and five years back I pointed out the incalculable advantage it would be to the trade and Swansea, if his plans were carried into immediate execution. Quoting the divine author, There's a tide in the affairs of men, Which taken at the flood leads on to fortune," &o. But it was unfortunately omitted and what I anticipated for Swansea has been lately accomplished for Cardiff, under the auspices of that patriotic Nobleman, the Marquis of Bute, which will impede this town considerably in its prosperity. The same iafatuaiion—the same shallow pnlioy and interested views—have ever crippled her energies, from my earliest recollection. And 80W I would ask of what avail will tbe expensive improvements in progress be, if the hundreds of thousands of tons of ballast, now depositing on the beach, is suffered to be washed into the bay 1 Some say it can do no injury but experience proves the con- trary, in which opinion some of the most experienced navigators coincide and I fear, if some measure be not adopted to lessen the evil, Swansea will become like a city in the desert; for, as Tilbury emphatically says-" You are all going to ruin." I should not have thought of throwing the ballast where it is now deposited but it having been considered advisable so to do. why is not common precaution taken to prevent its injurious effects, by the erection of a barrier of copper slags, a material abounding in tbe neighbourhood, and which I conceive, the proprietors would readily assist in removing from their over- crowded premises. If this plan were adopted (in addition to the preservation of the bay), the quantity of valuable ground gained would amply repay the outlay. This review of tbe harbour reminds me of an omission I have noticed at the Ferry, the absence of oars, book, or grapnel for, at this season of darkness, storms, and freshes, should the tow-rope break, the passengers are at the mercy of the elements, without the chance of escape. And no N, Genllemen, I will offer one remark more, on that tonrce of continual expenoe, the Pier, a model of folly, arising faun ignorance and mistaken economy, origin4ty built upon an insecuie foundation and with the masonry of it common wall to resist the mighty elements and, although the talented Engineer t have alluded to, who was here at the early part of its erection, pointed out the inetficacy of the work, such was the obsti- ttacy and presumption which pievailed, that the warning was disregarded, and the result verified his prediction, viz., that they ■tight as well throw the public money iuto the river. I might make some observations on other Public Buildings, but must defer it to a future opportunity, and conclude with a remark from the same gentleman (I studied under) relative to the qualification of a person undertaking works required to last for ages. The science and practice of engineering is as extensive and important, and its study perhaps demands as great a share ofj natural and acquired abilities, as any profession whatever. tMM person, therefore, brought to such employment should naturally possess a strong fertile genius, be of a sober, steady, patient, persevering disposition, and his mind perfected by maturity Lid a liberal education be great and attentive his discernment should be quick, his taste refined, and his judgment assisted 4y a thorough knowledge of the mathematics and philosophy sound and effective, he should have an intimacy with the arts and sciences, and be no stranger to chyinislry, nor to the strati- fied structure of file earth, &c." The civil as well as military engineei has much to contemplate and much to effect. His architectural plans and designs must be intimately connected with the seweralpurposes his buildings are intended for; in some lie w,ll have to consult grandeur and magnificence; in others taste and elegance; in some simplicity 'C'l and neatness; and in others impregnable strength and security and in all he has to regard order, correctness of proportions, chastity of style, commodiousness, convenience, durability and economy. Civil engineers were not so numerous formerly as at present, but allow me to say, that no person of ordinary capacity ouglil to he invested with a trust so important as that of con- ducting ihe erection and improvement of those private and public works in which tbe fortunes of individuals and tbe interest of the nation at large are oftentimes so deeply involved, nd where their failure most be attt-nded with loss and disappointment, if not inevitable distress and ruin. I am, Gentlemen, most devotedly yours, May Hift, Nov. 11th, 1840. LEWIS ROTELY.

THE" DFCLINK OF THE DKAMA." — The President of the giant republic of the United States is not so highly paid as Mis. Ellen Tree; and the premier of Great-Britain —Ihe grp.. teat empire in the wOlld-has not so large a salarv as Mr. Macready I Madame Maliliran, whilst she lived, drew five limes as mtipli money as the Colonial Secretary; and j' Mr. Farren 1% nearly as well paid as the representative of the Home-office in the Commons of Britaus.

RAILROAD FROM ALEXANDRIA TO SUEZ. Dr. Bowring, in his recent official report on Egypt, makes some very judicious obserrations on the advantages that must attend the establishment of a railroad from Alexandria to Suez; as to the accomplishment of which (remarks the learned Doctor) within a moderate period, there can be as little doubt as of its practicability." The first steam-vessel which made its way from Suez to India decided the problem at once, leaving the question of time the only point unascertained. Europeans will not ong he content to go thousands oi' miles out of their way round the Cape of Good Hope, now that tliev have found that they may as well step, as it were, out of the Mediterranean inio the Red Sea nor will they be content to craivl bv the Nile and the Malimooiiieh Canal from Alexandria to Cairo, and to creep upon camels from Cairo to S'lez, now that tliav know th it a rail- road would take them thp whole overland journey between sunrise and sunset. Until-Mehemet Ali cut the Malimooiiieh Canal, the voyage for goods from Alexandria to Cairo frequently occupied fifty or sixty days. Even now it occupies four days, the distance, in a straight Sine, not being more th in 100 miles. Across the desert from Cairo to Suez, '.he distar.ee is onlv eightv miles, and, with the exception of a lew miles of sand at each extreinitv, the road presents a level stony suriace. more inviting for a railm-ul than any line of the same length we have ever heard of. According to an estimate some time since made for the Pacha, ihe expense between Cairo and Suez would not exceed per ndiefor rails, and the like sum for laying down, or to a little more than 100,000/. on the whole. With such immense advantages to be derived from a railroad, with such faciliiies for its construction, and with the ardent desire of the Pacha for its coinpicti n, there can he little doubt that our Indian Steam Navigation Company would soon enable him to accomplish this portion of lie line, as they have at present to transport ail their coal I'roiri Cairo on camels. But the whole line from Alexandria (iu-lit to !)e under- taken as a great European work, and to be placed bv treaty under European protection. And it ought to be done now for such a favourable opportunity mav never occur again. In ilie negncia- lions which are likely to ensue (anil, indeed, which must ensue sooner or later) the five great powers, while remodelling ;h,. relations between Turkey and Egvpt, wiil have the power of stipulating for a high road from the Mediterranean to the Red Sea, and for taking the con-ervation of it into their o.vn hai-ds am, the common interest of ihe whole European family should induce tiu-tn to do so, not merely as a matter of common con- venience, hot as the means of preventing future intrigues, ¡,nd perhaps hostile collisions. If thev do not do it now as a body, they wi'l soon be aiming at it as rivals.

LOCALITY OF CHINA. The following document will lie read wifli interest. It is from the pan of an Old Resident in China," and gives an excellent account of its localities:- ° At a moment when everything connected with China derives such peculiar interest, and fast approaching as the period is, when we must receive intelligence of the arrival ot' the expedition which has baen sent to that empire, some account of the localities, which are likely to be (or, in fact, have probably bv this time actually been) tue scene of its operations, may not perhaps be unacceptable to the public in this country, especially as several places alonsr the coast of China have been named as a probable lodgment for our troops, or as a future settlement or emporium. Macao, a small Portuguese colony on the south coast of China, in lat. 22 10 N, and long. 113 32 E, about 80 miles, south of Can- ton, lias been one of the places alluded to. It is built on a small hilly and rocky peninsula on the extensive island Heang-shan, on the left or western shore as ships enter Macao roads from Ini.i i or other places to the southward of China. Macao, in the early days of Portuguese prosperity in the East, was a place of consi- derable opulence and importance to that nation, but is now re- duced to a miserable, insignificant settlement. A barrier, with a guard of soldiers, is placed across the north end of the peninsula, beyond which neither the Portuguese nor other foreigners rire permitted to pass, and the boundaries to which thev are thus li- mited scarcely exceed half-a-dozen miles in circumference. Ma- cao has several forts admirably placed, but in a miserable and most defenceless state. The government consists of a colonel, who is a governor, a dizembargador, and a bishop. These offi- cers are always appointed from Portugal. There are about a dozen churches, and consequently a large number of ecclesiastics. There is a senate chosen annually from the principal inhabitants. The governor, dizembargador, and bishop, are always members ot The military force consists of about 150 miserable soldiers from Goa-natives of India. The Portuguese hold Macao entirely by sufferance from the Chinese, as they actually to the present time pay an annual ground-rent to the latter government of 2001. or 300/. sterling and it is understood to be a positive stipulation between the Portuguese and Chinese that Macao is not to be occu- pied or delivered over to any foreign power whatever, without the sanction of the Chinese government. As a proof of this, the Chinese on the occasions of two expeditions which were sent to Macao-one in 1802, the other in 1808-at once interfered, and publicly objected to the British forces occupying the place: the British tropps were therefore withdrawn. The Portuguese po- pulation is about 4000 souls, that of the Chinese is stated to be treble that number. The harbour of Macao is on the north side of the town, tolerably well sheltered, and secure for small vessels, but no ships beyond 300 or 400 tons can enter or lay in the har- bour, and even those are obliged to partially unload (if deep) at an outer anchorage, from the small depth of water in the harbour No large ship, a frigate for instance, can anchor in Macao Roads much nearer to the town than three or four miles, the water within that distance not being sufficiently deep. The Spaniards, from Manilla, have the privilege of trading with Macao, but all other foreigners are limited to Whampoa, the port of Canton distant from the later city about nine miles. Under all circumstances Macao would not prove of any advantage to us. unless we had it entirely to ourselves as a military outpost, possessing commercial settlements or emporiums on the east coast of China, and even in that case no particular advantage would be derived to us by the possession of Macao. About 15, 20, 25, and 30 miles to the eastward and north-east- ward of Macao, are the islands of Lantao (pronounced Lantow), Hong Kong, and Lintin, with the sheltered anchorages in their immediate vicinity of Capsingmoon and Tong Koo, or Urmston's Bay. These are very safe anchorages at certain seasons of the year, and as such highly eligible, but they possess no convenience, or advantages whatever, for an emporium. The islands are quite barren and inhabited only by Chinese fishermen and their families, at villages on different parts of the shore. All these places are, besides, farther situated from the tea districts, and the large trading and manufacturing ports and cities of China, than even Canton; and it is well known the inconveniences under which we have suffered by our trade at Canton, being at such an immense distance from those parts. Formosa and Tchusan (or Chusan) are two islands which have been the more particularly pointed at, as eligible for our trade. The former, lying off the province of Fokein, on the south-east coast of China, is about 200 miles in leugth, and about 50 in breadth. A considerable part of the island is extremely moun- tainous, and the whole island almost entirely unknown to us. The inhabitants on one side of the island are stated to be nearly savages, and quite independent and unconnected with those on the other. Formosa possesses but one harbour capable of re- ceiving foreign vessels, and that to a limited extent That bar- hour is Keetang or Killon, at the very northern extremity of the island, Killon Harbour was accurately surveyed in 1824 by Lieut. George Parkyns, of the Royal Navy, then commanding thfc merchant-ship Merope, trading between India and China. An excellent chart was published of this harbour fromCapt. Parkyns's survey. The shortest distance between Formosa and the coast of China is at least 60 miles, and though Formosa is comparatively near to the black tea districts of China, the distance across the strait of Formosa is too considerable to render commercial iuter- course either easy or certain at all seasons of the year Formosa produces nothing in itself beyond rice and sugar; and these con- stitute the principal articles of trade between the island and the main. Formosa is well described in Mr. Montgomery Martin's Colonial Magazine, for June 1840; and in the Nautical Magazine, for July and August, 1840. Considering the extent and formation of Formosa-the distance of it from the coast of China-the large population, which is, doubtless, extremely numerous-the general character of the inhabitants, and its possessing only a single bar- bour capable of receiving foreign vessels, without anv article grown or manufactured on the island, which could benefit us in a commercial point of view, it does not appear, all things consi- dered, that Formosa would prove an eligible situation for us either in a geographical, military, or commercial point of view. Tchusan, or Chusan, is an island in latitude 30 20 N., arid lon- gitude 121 42 E., about 12 miles off the province of Techekiang or Chekiang, on the east coast of China, in a climate well known for its salubrity, and placed at an inconsiderable distance from the great marts connected with English and other f reigu commerce, and the great trading and manufacturing ports and cities of the empire, near to the tea and silk countries; as also to the great river Yangtsekeang, and, in short, in the vicinity of the most opulent and flourishing districts of the empire. The English once traded at Chusan and also at Ningpo, which is a very large and important trading and manufacturing city, immediately opposite to Chusan, standing on the shore of a fine smooth-water river, running up to it from the sea. The Grand Canal, which forms the communication between the northern and southern provinces of the empire, commences at its southern entrance, close to Ningpo, affording, therefore, a ready transit for goods and mer- chandise of all descriptions to and from any parts of the empire. The very extensive and important city of Hangchoofoo is also close in this vicinity, with many other large and trading ports a few miles along the coast to the north-eastward. The harbour of Chusan is very spacious, well and securely sheltered, with good anchorage for any number of ships The island of Chusan is about 25 miles in length and about 16 in breadth, extremely healthy, with abundance of fresh water in every direction. This island was fully and clearly described and particularly pointed out as a most eligible emporium for us, in a pamphlet published a few years ago by Sir James Urmston, who for several years presided over the East India Company's affairs at Canton. Sub- sequent information derived from several British vessels which have since visited Chusan, and the east coast of China, fully cor- roborates and confirms the description and opinions set forth in Sir Jytes » pamphlet, and it cannot be doubted, from tbe infor- mation so received, that the Mandarins and the people a\ Chusan and along that part of the coast of China, are most anxIous to benefit by our trade, which has so unaccountably been hitherto coajfped to Canton. If negociation forms part of the plan of the prflgjieDt expedition to China, it is to be hoped the Chinese govern- ment will be prevailed upon to open some or all of their eastern ports to us-an event which could not fail to prove of the highest importance to British commerce and enterprize. If an island is our object, whether by negociation or by conqnest, then Chusan undeniably would prove by far the most eligible one we could select along the whole coast of China. The population of Chusan is supposed to be about 5 or 6000. The only island of any size beyond Chusan to the north eastward is Tsungming, situated at the mouth of the Great Yangtsokiang River. Though larger than Chusan, it is entirely alluvial, very low and sandy, perfectly un- productive, intersected by dikes, and has no harbour or haven of any description, except for boats and very small craft, and has sand banks nearly all around the island, most of them with very little water above them. This island, in fact, could not be of the least advantage to any foreign power, as it is scarcely so to the Chinese themse ve.s—the inhabitants are principally fishermen. The plans and objects of the expedition to China are not yet publicly known in this country. Whatever they may be, it is hoped the occupancy of Macao will not torm a part of them; it would onlv be a useless waste of time no permanent advantage could possibly he derived by our mixing ourselves up in any way with the paltry Portuguese at that insignificant colony. Il would, in fact, be just what the Chinese would wish, and they would gain time by it, and every week is an object to us at the season when our expedition will have reached China. We should confine our operations on the south coast of China solely to the destruc- tion or occupancy of the Chinese forts-at the Boeca Tigris, at the entrance of the Canton river, leaving two or three sloops of war in that quarter, whilst the Ad iral with his main force, and with the troops, should proceed at once to the east coast of China, and from thence send his representations .0 the supreme authorities of the empire.—This might most readily be done from Chusan. through the authorities of Ningpo, or othes cities in the neigh- bourhood. where Chinese officers ot high rank always reside, or the Admiral might readily send his dispatches from Chusan to the mouth of the Pekin river, in the Gulf of Pechele, by steamers. Should the Emperor and his Ministers peremptorily uecline to listen or to treat with us, then our forces would be ready at hand to take possession of Chusan, or ado,)t any other measures which might be decided upon. If, on the other hand, the Chinese should consent to comply with our demands and to negociate with us, the object of which negociation it is presumed would be to place the British trade on a secure and solid and advantageous basis for the future, then the opening of the eastern port of Cbind to our commerce would prove of immense and incalculi ble advantage to us, and unquestionably beneficial to the Chinese themselves.

MISCELLANEOUS. COMMERCE A"D TItA DE.-Another week of depression in the great cotton manufacturing emporium has passed away. The demand for yarn is extremely limited, and siles are only effected at a reduction of prices. Some de- script ions of yarn have been dhpospd of at prices so reduced that they may be rated at a point bplow any ever before knowlI since the tr.ule has existed. For goods the market has been dull, and lower prices have been taken. The woollen markets continue on the whole to present a favour- able aspect. At Huddersfield, on Tuesday, there was a fair avenge trade for a season when there is m gener tl not so much bu-ine-s done as in other months, ^Fhe pi ices of some sorts f goods have declined, but they are those, for the most part, which are not ill demand for winter, while heavy winter goods cairv firm prices. In wools, prices are nll- (¡LllIg,'d,'tud there i> bill litiie demand. At on Mepday, ihe demand was somewhat more limited, and less b.iMiiess was .lone ihan last week; in the wool maiket theie is no change ot any kind to record. The Leeds maikets I have been somewhat duller, which may be ascribed to the home trade having nearly been supplied with winter stock. I lie re is a little more activity in the toreiga trade than theie was recently. At H tiiiax ihe amount oi business done has been tolerably good prices are steady. The demand for, and pi ices of, wools are unchanged. The accounts fr m biny, both ot the woollen and cotton tiades,is good. Brad- I toid and Saddlevvortli may be fjnoted as before; buvers perhaps somewhat fewer. At Oldhtm there is a tolerable amount of business doing, compiled to what there was a little time ago. In the general wool maiket things may be described as stationary, at least, as far as the country trade is concerned, nor do any symptoms of a decline in prices anywhereappeat. RF.S)Dr\CKS OF TII F. L yBc-riti\R. CLASSES -,In i1 I circular letter transmitted on Friday from the Poor Law Conunis-ionersto the Guardians of the parishes and unioits i in the metropolis, 'I e Cointnis-ioiiors «tesire to recal to the i attention of the Guardians the facts which have t'loin time! to time been brought to the attenu.m of the Legisl itnre in respect to the sanatory condition oi the labouring population in the metropolis, and rentiottthemot the circumstances made apparent in the course of the investigation- instituted, that a large proportion of the claims totehetonacconn) of destitution arise from sickness, attributed chidlv to the de- i fective internal and external economv of the i'weiii:igs of ■ the labouring classes, and to the want of proper cleanliness in them. From retllltlS made in 1838 by hemedica) officers "ttwrotyftiions and parishes in the metropolis it appeared that 13,972 cases of claims to relief on the ground ofdesti- Intion were created during that > ear by attacks of fever ab>ne, and that in 1,^81 cases the attacks proved fatal. The general deaths from fever in the metropolis during that year i appear from the summal y of the Superintendent Registrars' leturns to have been 5,034. A considerable proportion of i other cases of sickness and mortality were asciioed to the operation of the like causes, which the physicians and medi- c il odicels by whom the Commissioners are advised, con- sider to be preventible by the enforcement of proper sana- tory regulations." NEW SETTLEMENT OF ALSTK4I.IND. — A numerous and respectable meeting of the directors, and others inter- ested in this new settlement, in Western Australia, was held at the London Tavern, on Thursday last, to afford further information respecting toe change of the site of the settlement, rendered necessary in consequence of the re- sumption by the Crown of the land which had been awarded to Colonel Latour, and purchased of him by the company in the neighbourhood of Port Leschenanlt. Through the in- strumentality of the Colonial Secretary, the company, it, appears, have been secured inagr-tntof other lands, in a different part of Western Australia, equal in extent to that originally planned for the intended settlement, and possess- ingconsiderable advantages over it. The meeting highly ap- proved of the change ot site to Port Grey, to which intending emigrants wit) be immediately conveyed, and the purchasers of land in Anstralinl will receive the quantity of land pur- chased by them, on the terms and according to the priority of chuice stipnlated by the company. CHANCERY REFORMS.—On the first day of the pre- sent term the Lord Chancellor gave directions to the senior Master of the Court of Chancery (Mr. Dowdeswell) that the scale of fees given to the clerks of common law barristers shonld be adopted in the Court of Chancery. The alteration will be highly beneficial to the suitors. The following are the gratuities in future to be given. The system of giving fees with briefs has for some time been a source of cOlllplaint :-On one guinea and under five the clerk's fee to be 28. 6d. under ten guineas, 5s.; under twenty guineas, 10s.; and so on in proportion to fifty guineas, on which the fee in future will he 11. 5s. The taxing officer to use his discretion on fees above fifty guineas. A similar reduction to he made with respect to fees on ge- nerat retainers and consultations. Other more important charges are, it is said, about to be made in the practice of the Court under the recent Act, and the orders are looked for with considerable anxiety by the profession. It is ex- pected that some important improvements will be made in the present mode of fees paid to clerks in court aud to forms of pleading, which have been complained of for some time. In the year 1832 the pleadings in common law were r considerably abridged, and great benefit resul ed. CAUSES OE SUDDEN DEATH.—On the evening of Saturday se'nnight, at the Westminster Medical Society, Mr. F. Winslow read an interesting paper on this important subject, which gave rise to all animated and protracted discussion. In the paper alluded to the author stated that the investigation of the causes that led to the sudden ex- tinction of life had been much neglected by the profession. He had examined the bills of mortality at Somerset House for the last nine months, from which it appeared that during that period no less tlllD 524 cases of sndden death had taken place in the metropolis alone. The majority of these cases OCCITred between the years of fifteen and sixtv. Mr. Winslow then proceeded to observe, that it had been established that women had less chance of dying suddenly than men, in the proportion of ten to eighteen. In 1838, 3,012 cases of sudden death were registered, out of which 1,840 were males, and 1,172 females. Internal hemorrhage was the most common cause of this fearful calamity. He had made an analysis of two hundred cases in which the bodies had been examined after death, from which it ap- peared that affections of the heart and large blood vessels were the diseases that most frequently caused sudden death. Apoplexy was not so often fatal as was supposed. Pnlmo- nary apoplexy often caused instantaneous death, but in those cases the heart also was generally found diseased. Rupture of the heart, spasm of the heart, ossification of the heart, and want of blood in the heart, were the maladies generally detected in persons who died suddenly. The author of the paper then related several cases in which sndden death had resulted from protracted fainting fits caused by wearing tight clothes or Stays; in those cases the heart never recovered its action. Persons often died in a few minutes from the generation of air in the vessels of the brain—from the bursting of ail abscess in that organ —from ntce) ations in the stomach and intestines, causing hemorrhage—from convulsions arising from worms—from water in the chest-and from aneurism. Persons who were under the influence of mercury had been known to die suddenly. Mr. Winslow concluded his paper by en- tering at great length into a consideration of many other affections of the various organs that generally cause imme- diate death.—Dr. James Johnson expressed his belief that sudden death arose either from convulsions, hydrothorax, or disease of the heart.-Dr. L, Stuart considered that epilepsy and disease of the spine and spinal marrow oft n led to sudden death.—Dr. M. Hall stated several cases of unexpected death from the poison of lead, from taking mercury, and among women whilst labouring under a dis- ease of the blond termed chlorosis.- The discussion appeared to excite much interest, and the room at Exeter Hall was filled with gentlemen connected with the medical profession nearly one hundred and sixty persons are said to have been present during the reading of the paper by Mr. Winslow.- The discussion was ultimately adjourned until the pre- sent week. THH BUDE LtGHT.-This light is, we understand, about to be introduced into more general use with every prospect of benefit to the public, who have been heretofore deprived of its advantages by the cost of its production. In the earlier experiments made by order of the House of Commons, the expense was such as to prevent any competi- tion, in point of economy, with the other lights of inferior power then in use but economy was not so much the object of the Committee appointed by that House to investigate the subject, as the development of a system of lighting which ieai-s sg near an approximation to solar light. Having attained this object, together with the power of regulating the light itself to any required decree of iu'ensity, from the brilliancy of the sun to the comparative softness of moou- light, attention wahatext directed to the quesiion of economy, in which (fiom an important impiovement in the mode of producing oxygen during the series of experiments which have been just completed), we have reason to believe the greatest success has been obtained. From the evidence of the eminent scientific characters taken before this Com- mittee, which has been already laid before the public, this light has been found not only to be free from all the objections to gas, 011 account of its offensive qualities and explosive nature, bnt to be more powerful than any artificial light yet discovered. Being moreover fed with pure oxygen in a lamp, totally isolated from the air, it cannot be productive of the injuries to health so frequently occasioned by the noxious products of combustion in close apartments; neither can it occasion such injuries to turuiiure or articles ot dress as are caused by the wax from chandeliers, or their disco- Ion ration by smoke, sulphuretted hydiogen.and the deposits ot the floating particles of carbon. Even the coal gas is now used in the insulated Bude lamps at much less expense, with a ureatty increased effect, and without anv of the disadvan- tages caused by the combustion in the open air, which must be the means o introducing it into apartments where it had been hitherto found objectionable. This has been alieady provrdb) its use during the last session in the House of Commons, and the inaniinous determination,at the close of the ses-ion, to have it not only continued, but introduced into all the apa tmerits. On re-perusing the evidence taken before the Committee on the subject of the power of this light, we find lhat Piofessor Far.uly staled thai the Huile lamp he used was equal to twenty argamls, and that such was iis power he could increase it almost to extent; that the testimony of Professor Wheaistone and of Dr. Ure showed that a burner ot three-eighths of an inch in diameter «as equal to thirty wax lights; and one of two inches, to four bundled wax candles, or one hundred and fifty yas lights; while the evidence of Sir Davi i Brewster, Drs. L irdner, Reid, and other men of scientific eminence, showed ill it in addition to the advantages of this concen- trated power over a mnliipiii iiy of separate li«hts, it was not productive of that fatigue and ultimate injury to the retina occasioned bv a multitude of scattered lii i.inousfoci, while it was perfectly fiee from all those dangers of explo- sion so frequently destructive of life and properly. — Atlas. To CLEAN KID GLOVES—An efficient method is. first to put on the glove and then, with a piece of flannel, wipe it over with milk and soap. This" ill effectually re- move all dirt, but not stains, and is unaccompanied with any unpleasant smell. SOLDIERS BAGGAGE. -In consequence of the average price of hay being five guineas per ton, and the average price of oats being 28s. per quarter, the Magistrates for the county of Berks have ordeied that the owners of every waggon, carrying not less than fifteen hundred weight of sold e s' baggage, shall be paid an additional 3d. per mile; and that the owners of cariiages carrving less than that weight shall be paid an additional 2d. per mile, making the sum to be paid in the first case Is., and in the second 8d. poi mile. The power thus exercised by the Magistrates at a General Sessions tor the county is vested in them under the Mutiny Act. M ASTER AND SERVANT.— V case of considerable im- portance was decided on Thursday in the Sheriff Small Debt Court, Aberdeen, before Slier ff Watson. The facts.ate these The master having tteard that his sister had been suddenly taken ill, desired one of his servants, a ploughman, to go a distance of about two miles and enquire how she was. This the servant refused todo, ns he said he was tired working fit being about six o'clock, supper lime), unless the master gave him the mare to ride on. The master wOllld not <;ive him the mare, as he had been using her himself, and tijjain repeated the order; and the servant still refusing, he dismissed him, In deciding i lie case in favour of the servant, the Sheiiff (Watson) held that the servant was not bound to obey such an order aiter he had been engaged at tbe usual iarm-vvoik during the day, and that a master has no right to order hit servant to go hs messages (such as in- viting a neighbouring farmer to dinner), after woik hours; but that suc h all order, if given to a body servant, would be proper, and would justify dismissal.-Aberdeen Herald. JOII" THOROGOOD.—In the Consistory Court on Tnesday. befoie Dr. Lushington, the Registrar reported the biii ot costs against Thorogood at 161; 13s. 8d. Her Majesty's Advocate, tor the Churchwardens of Chelmsford, contended that, 111,"0; I' the Court could release the party from imprison- ment under the late Act. 3 and 4 Victoria, cap. 93, the costs must be p i d. and also that the costs in the Ecclesi'.s'ic.il Courts, as well A-, those in the "rher Courts of Law, in op- po-iti'iii to the writ of Ileabeus Corpus, and to the Rule to shew cause against the writ De cont-umace capievuo, should be superseded. The Court, after a most minute ex- amitiaiir.n of the law, decided that the words of the Act, costs lawfully incurred by reason of the custody and con- tempt of the party," meant the costs incurred in the Ec- clesiastical Courts, and directed that when those costs were paid, ami likewise the amount of' the rates sued for, 5s. 61. in one case, and 3s. 6d. in the other, John Thorogood should be discharged from prison. A TMOSS'IIKITIC PHKVOMKNM, — At the recent meeting- of the Biitish Scientific Association a letter from India was communicated, wh ch described a most remarkable shower of grain that took place last March near Rajket, in the Presidency of Bombay. It occurred dnring one of those thunder-storms to which that month is liable; the grain not only falling upon the town, but upon a considerable extent of the adjoining county, and being of a kind quite unknown to the natives. A corresponding, yet more curious circum- stance, the truth of which was tons; doubted, happened about 60 or 70 years since in the district of Madras, when Major Hariiott, author of Struggles through Life," ob- served a fall of fish, numbers dropping on the hats of some European soldiers who wheie in full march across the spot, and being made into a curry for the commanding officer. A HICH AND CHAUITABLE Jewess.—The will of Sarah Freidtur!{,tateof Finshury-place, south, in the city of London, spinster, deceased, has just been proved in the Prerogative Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury, in Doctor's Commons, by Solomon Herschell, the high priest of the Jewish persuasion, John Petty Mustpratt, Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, and Hyams, the executors. The personal pro- perty of this lady has been sworn under the value of 100,000/, and a stamp duty of 1,3501. has been paid in the probate, in- dependent of the legacy duty on nearly 80.000L (which has been left to Miss Phillips, the sister of the deceased), which will amount to between two and three thousand pounds more. Amongst the various bequests under the will of this lady, in- dependent of several legacies to different friends, are the following charitable ones :-To the Jews' Synagogue lOOt. to the Jews' Free School 1001, to the Society of Poor Jews, to be distributed in bread and coals, 100l, to the high priest, one of her executors, 2001; to eac of her three other ex- ecutors 1001; and to the poor Jews, at the discretion of her executors, to be distributed on each Sabbath-day during the three winter months, 100/. ° DltEADFlJL ACCIDENT BY THE EXPLOSION of FIRE- WORKS.-A n inquest was held on Wednesday before W. Carter, Esq. Coroner tor Snrry, at the Hour Glass, Walworth Common, to enquire respecting the death of Robert John Woolmer, aged 12, who was killed bv the exnlosion of a large quantity ofsqnibson the evening of the 5th of November. — Frederic Whittle, of the Villa-road, Wandsworth, stated that on Thursday evening the deceased and some other boys were in the garden of his father's house; they were letting off squibs, crackers, and other fire-works; they had a lighted torch with them deceased was lighting a squib with the torch, which was afterwards swung round; suddenly there was a great explosion from one of the deceased's trousers' pockets; he screamed out, and it was evident some fireworks he had in his pocket were exploding. Wit- ness, as well as he could, tried to get them from his pocket, which lie partly succeeded in doing; they consisted chiefly of squibs, of which he appeared to have nearly two dozen every assistance was rendered, but the deceased was dread- fully burned. No one knew the deceased had the squibs in his pocket.—Mr. Woolmer, of Walworth, father of the de- ceased, spoke to the deplorable state the deceased was in after the accident. Mr. Cattermole, surgeon soon after ar- rived and attended the deceased up to the time of his death. This gentleman stated that upon examining the deceased lie found a very severe burn on the groin of the right side, which extended some distance; a great deal of flub was burnt away by the explosion he applied every possible remedy, but the deceased sunk under the injuries, and died on Saturday night; the injuries received were the cause of death.—Verdict, Accidental Beath.' FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDRNTs.-On Monday se'nnight, a locomotive engine of a new construction, on the plan of Dr. Church, of Birmingham, was placed for trial on the Birmingham and Gloucester line, where it made several trips. On Tuesday the engineer, named Inshaw, together with his assistant, Edward Paul, a steady and experienced engine-driver named Rutherford, and Thomas Scaife, were preparing to make a trip up the incline, when the boiler burst with a terrific explosion. Rutherford and Scaife were blown off the engine with great violence-tlte former having been forced through the brass railing within which he was standing and cariied a distance of fifty yards. Scaife, who was close by the boiler, was forced through a circular open- ing about two feet in diameter, which communicates with the fire-hole, and killed upon the spot. Two of the other men were much scalded, particularly Panl, and the others escaped in a most providential manner. Rutherford died on the following morning, leaving a widow and three children. At the inquest on Thursday several engineers stated that the boiler was not made of the best iron, and was only one quarter of an inch instead of three-eighths of an inch thick; it had been proved to 160lbs. to the inch before being put to the engine; they gave it as their opinion that the thin- ness of the plates of the boiler was the cause of the accident. The inquest was adjourned until Friday evening.—-On Wednesday evening an accident occurred at South Milford on the York and South Midland line-by which two passen- gers were unfortunately killed. The manner in which the accident arose we understood to be as follows :-A coal train 'rom the pits in the neighbourhood of Leeds was on the London line, where it remained, for some reason unex- plained, beyond its usual time; whilst it was in that position, a passenger train proceeding towards Hull came np, and the engineer not then observing the waiting train, the locomo- tive engine was d iven with great force against one of the first-class carriages of the passengers' train. The concussion was so violent, that the carriage was broken into fragments and pressed together like a sheet of paper." A peison on the line, who witnessed the ap-xroaching concussion, called 11111, and immediately the engine-driver of the waiting train and the feeder, observing the imminent danger to which they were subject, jumped off the tender, and happily escaped unhurt. Unfortunately this was not the case with the passengers in the first class carriage. One unfortunate individual had his face completely taken off by a portion of the broken carriage, and immediately expired. An aged lady had her hand cut off, aud was so much mutilated, that death almost instantaneously followed. Another female was severely maimed, and fears were entertained that one of hers legs was broken. The engineer on the luggage train was a steady man named Watkius; the York train had a red lamp behind, which was perfectly visible, and another lamp on the top of the guard's carriage. The names of those killed ate Mr. Pattison, a printer, at Leeds, aged 22, who has left a widow aud child and Mrs. S. Cousins, the widow of a shoemaker, %t Sel y, aged 52. Of those injured, Mrs. Atkinson, of Liverpool, had her ankle broken; Mr. John Show, of Halifax, Mr. Appleyard, of Selby, and Mr. Kendal, of Leeds, "ere not so severely injured. On Thursday morning, an inquest was held upon the body of Pattison, which was adjourned until the following day, and again ad- journed until Saturday but the verdict was not then known. -Another accident occtured on Thursday ou the Birming- ham and London Railway, which was also attended with fatal consequences. The following is the account of the accident as given from the Railway Office:—Tbe first of the meichandise trains, which reaches London about three o'clock, bad, on Thursday afternoon, arrived at one mile and three quarters on this side of Hartow, when one of the waggons broke down, an five others were in c nsequence thrown of the rail. Immediate notice of the accident was s nt to Watford, Harrow, and Camden stations, to prevent the possibility of any collision with the trains then passing along the line; and accordingly three successive passenger trains arrived, without interruption, in London, at the ap- pointed times. On lie first intettigenceoftt.e occurrence, an engine was despatched from the Camden station with assistance for cleaiiug the up-line. The necessary measures weie in progress for this object, and the engine from the Camden station proceeded to Har ow fOI further aid whilst there the second meichandise train, which ariives in London about halt-past five made its appearance, drawn by two engines. The driver of the leading engine of the train noticed the signal to shut off the steam, and gave notice to the driver of the next en-iue to do the same, but which, from the concurient testimony of the policeman and porter at the Hariow station, was unfortunately not attended to, although the policeman ran forward and put up his lamp close to the engine. The driver of the engine then waiting at the Harrow station asincotntnnoicatton with the station clerk. The fiienMi), who was with the engine, put it in movement towitlds London, as soon as hesa < that the train, notwithstanding the si»nal, was still advancing. He could not, however, get sufficiently ahead to pievent the train running in'o him, about fitly yaids fiMin the spot where he had been waiting; his engine alld the leading one of the train received very l ifling injury from the collision. The second engine was thrown off the rail, with several of the waggons, and the driver, Simpson, was killed, it is supposed, from jumping off, and the fileman hurt. The driver of the leading engine escaped Mithoutinjuty; but the fireman was found dead under the waggon wheels, having, it is believed, also jumped off. An inquest was immediately summoned on the bodies, but the result has not yet reached us. IRON TRADE.— From returns made of the quantity of ron and the state of the trade, by three authorities, the mean of the three gives the tons manufactured at 1,260,000 per annum. Of the blast furnaces South Wales has 130, Staffordshire 125, and Scotland 50; and the prodigious quantity annually manufactured may be deemed greatly on the increase. THE LATE FIRE IN PLYMOUTH DOCKYARD--BY an order of the Lords Commissioneis of the Admiralty: the workmen of this dockyard who were engaged at the fire on the Sunday, have each been paid a day and a half's pav, according to their several classes, and those who watched on tint night have been paid a day's pay for such service. The workmen whose tools were destroyed are to have their losses made good. GALLANT C()\!O{ICT.Liplll. Mockin, of the Rnvctl Marines, who was killed at the storming of Sidon, received three wounds, none latal by themselves, hut he continued fighting with his men, bleeding profusely at an arteiv. till he fell in a state of exhaustion, and was taken oil board the Stromboli, unhappily too late for medical aid to he available. li.ANK Kit's PAHCEL Lost IN THE POST-OFFICE -A Post-office Inspector is now at Louth, investigating the loss of a i)-icket which contained nearly 4,tlIWI.. said to have been put into ifie office some days ago by a clerk of Messrs. Gal tit and Allison's bank, and which has not icached its proper destination. CHARGE AGAINST A MOTHRII OF RIT,{\ING IIER CHILD TO DEATH.-At Lambeth-street Office on Wed- nesday, Margaret Knight was placed at the bar on the charge of having caused the death of her child by burning. George Carroll, shoemaker, residing n Maypole-com t, East Smithfield, stated that the pr'noiver had lived with him for about three years as his wife, and they had one child, a boy of two years of age. On that morning, at nine o'clock, he came home to his breakfast, when the child was i" perfect health. At ten o'clock he returned to the shop of Mr. Archer, Nightingale-lane, where he was employed, and i ) about three qnar'ers of an hour afterwards a neighbour in- formed him that his child was un nt in a shocking nunne: and was just taken to the London Hospital. He hastened to the Hospit.tt.and was just in time to see hisbov,who was burnt in a very shocking manne all over him, expire. dOlh the nurse and singeon informed him that the case was a verv suspicious one; for, in addition to the binning, the flesh oil the lot's of the infant seemed to have been cut and lacei ated a great deal, and they were o; opinion that the mother should he taken into custody. liefween one and two o'clock, and after the death of the child, the piisoner came into the hos- pital, and on seeing her the witness said, "Well, you have done the deed you often threatened todo;" and she replie "Never mind she appeared perfectly sober; but had made repeated threats that it should not be much longer a trouble to her; adding, that it was impossible she could get anything to do while she was burdened with the child, and the sooner she go rid of it the be ter. In answer to the further questions the witness admitted that he and the pri- soner had lived very unhappily for the last twelve months that lie had not returned home on Tuesday ni^ht until after twelve o'clock that he had to knock repeatedly before he was let in by the prisoner; that the prisoner was very angry with him for stopping out so late; and that they had some words on that morning about breakfast being late; adding that the prisoner had always treated the infant n a very careless and indifferent manner; that ah mt ten months ago the infant was much scalded, and had been frequently since rather seriousiy burnt from time to time, all of which he attributed to the prisoner's cruelty.— Prisoner, in reply, said that she had left home for the purpose of going to the Mansion House for some of the Lord Mayor's broken victuals, having first locked the deceased in, and that he must have set fire to himself during her absence.—She was remanded, to await the result of a Coroner's inquest. EXTRAORDINARY SUICIDE OF A GENTLEMAN OF FOR- TUNE.—On Thursday an inquiry took place before William Cartffr, Esq., the coioner for Surrey, at the King George, near the Suirev Zoological Gardens, respecting the death of John Bowler, Esq., aged 61, a gentleman of property, re- siding at No. 38, Newington-place, Kenuington. It ap. peared that the deceased had been unwell for some time, and his gardener was directed by his family to sleep in the same room with him. On Saturday night Mr. Jairatt, one of his partners, called to see him, but lie could not be found. On the gardener proceeding to the grounds, he saw the de- ceased's hat lying by the side of one of the water butts. He immediately went to the spot,and, upon looking in, saw the feet of the deceased over the side, and his head at the bot- tom of the bntt. He obtained assistance, and the body was taken out. He was quite dead, and appeared to have been in the water for some time. Mr. Hooper, a surgeon, was called in, but his assistance was useless. There was on doubt this was the deceased's own act. The jury returned a verdict of Temporary Insanity." DISCHARGE OF DEBTORS.—One hundred years ago a female inhabitant of Westminster, by name Letitia Corn. wallis, bequeathed on the 7th of November the sum 01'1001, to be placed in the hands of the Dean of Westminster, the interest of which was to be applied for ever towards the re- lief or discharge of any piisoners for debt that might be in the Westminster Bridewell on each succeeding 7th of November. The Deans of Westminster, not finding the in- terest of loOt. sufficient for the charitabe purpose of the testatrix, have added to it certain casual mulcts and fines which they are sometimes obliged to levy. Dishonest per- sons have taken advantage of this charitable fund in the fol- lowing way :-A day or two previous to the 7th of Novem- ber, A would summon B before the Westminster Court of Requests for a fictitious debt. B would acknowledge the debt, and plead total inability to pay it. A would insist and B, in consequence, would be imprisoned in Westminster Bride- well for the sum, say of 30s. The 7th of November is at hand, B, after a day or two's imprisonment, receives from the above fund 30s to pay A. He is discharged, divides the spoil with A, and teaches others how to cheat the charity. For many years Mr. Higgs, the deputy-coronnr for West- minster, has had deputed to him the application of the fund alluded to. Noticing a wonder) ut increase of prisoners for debt each year, about the time he was to distribute the charity, he made proper inquiries, and discovered the fraudulent cause of the increase. He soon put a stop to the impostors, for he would relieve no one until by inquiry he satisfied himself that the debt was a bona fide one. Mr. Higgs on Saturday found in the Westminster Bridewell but one prisoner for debt to discharge. Before he discovered the imposition refei red to, lie has found on the 7th of Novem- her as many as forty-nine prisoners for debt in Tothill- fields prison. ————— STEAM POWER. —A pint of water may be evaporated by two ounces of coals. In its evaporation it swells into 216 gallons of steam, with a mechanical force sufficient to raise a weight of 37 tons a foot high. The steam thus pro- duced has a pressure equal to that of common atmospheric air; and by allowing it to expand, by virtue of its ftasticity, a further mechanical force may be obtained, at least equal in amount to the former. A pint of water, therefore, and two ounces of coal, are thus rendered capable of doing as much work as is equivalent to 74 tons raised a foot high. The circumstances under which the steam-engine is worked on a railway, are not favourable to the economy of fuel. Nevertheless, a pound of coke, burned in a locomotive en- gine, will evaporate about five pints of water. In their evaporation they will exert a mechanical force sufficient to draw two tons weight on the railway a distance of one mile in two minutes. Four horses working in a stage-coach on a common road are necessary to draw the same weight the same distance in six minutes. GIVE YOUR SON A TRADE.—Solan enacted, that children who did not maintain their parents in old age, when in want, should be branded with infamy, and lose the privilege of citizens; he, however, excepted from the rule those children whom their parents had taught no trade, nor providea with other means of procuring a livelihood. It was a proverb of the Jews, that he who did not bring up his son to a trade, brought him np as a thief. MAN.—Philosophers have puzzled themselves how to define man, Sll as to distinguish him from other animals. Burke says, Man is an animal that cooks his victuals." Then," says Johnson, the proverb is just—there is rea- son in roasting eggs." Dr. Adam Smith has hit the case "Man," says he, "is an animal that makes bargains; no other animal does this—one dog does not change a bone with another." THE EFFECTS OF POLITICAL CONTROVERSY.—There are pursuits in life, hbh in their character and eminently useful, which nevertheless, have something in them that almost inevitably tends to take from the human disposition that amiableness of temper which is so essential to happi- ness. Prominent among these pursuits is that of politics. Whether a man be an actor in the political affairs of his country, or merely an attentive looker-on and a commen- tator, jhe re is so much nf misrepresentation, so much of effrontery, so much of injustice in all its forms, to be re- marked upon, to be excused, or to be resented, that in a man of quick sensibility a iiitter iniliffi-nce or a passionate partisanship is almost sure to be the result. Both of these are unfavourable to virtue and happiness; and the first is the worse of the two. Time may wear out a man's passion and violence, and he may subside into philosophy but he who acquires a habit of bitter contempt for the con- duct of men. even in their most important concerns, and who thus despairs of any permanent triumph of justice or establishment of good, is likely to go to his grave a sneefer and a misanthrope. If, indeed, he be of a reiirina and meditative disposition, this hoppless view of human affairs may resolve itself into mere melancholy and pity but this will not be the result with such as continue to belong to active life. Every day will affo d them fresh evidence of folly, and fresh food "01 contempt, and they go upon their way with abittter smile upon their lips, while cold scorn sits triumphant upon their hardened healts.-The Table- Talker. CAMBRIDGE, Nov. 15-At a Congregation holden on Monday, ihe following degrees were conferred Doctor in Divinity. — liev. J Carter, iVl.A., St. John's Col- lege, Head Masler of Wakefield School. Masttrs of Arts,— Rev. R. J. Harrison, Emmanuel College; G, H. Arkwriglii, Trinity College, Licentiate of Medicine.—S. W. Turner, Queen's College. OXFORD, Nov. 14.—In a Cong egation holden this day the following Degrees were conferred Doctor in Civil Lam.— R. C. Senell, barrister- at-law, Fellow of Magdalen. Masters of Arts.- Sir W. C. James, Bart., Christ Church, grand compounder; Rev. W. J. Burgess, lixeter Rev. E. B. Eilman, W adharn and A. Slocock. Trinity. Bachelors of Aits. R. Hill, Worcester College, and J.H. Janvrin, Oriel, grand compounders; F. B. de Paravicim, W. P. Walsh, T. E. Dorville, and H. W. Cokes, Wornesiei J. D. Du ell, and Rev. I. Fidler, New flln Hall F. W. Cartwright, Si. Mary Hall G. Burder, H. Strong, and E. Roberts. Mas- dalen (Jail; J. H. Asliliurst aid G. J. Foril, Flxeter N. Morgan, A. B. S;oart, and W. C. Howell. Urazenhosf. F. L. Colvile and G. E. Alexander, Trittin C. G. T. Barlow, T. Wodeliouse, and J. Coke, Balliol C. D. Everat,Queen's R, Lloyd. Merlon A. Bigge and J. E. Cox. Unitersitj A. Mozley, Oriel O. A. Hodgson, Magdalen T. K. Chittenden, Fellow of S). John s F. W. Treitow, J. Scotland, and S. Claike St. John's; R. Cooper, T. C. Whitehead, E. Boys, L. Doninson, and W O. Maolain, Wadhon); R. Cosens, Pembroke; T. Debory, J. White, and J. L Longmire, Lincoln; P. Slory and Hon. E. L. Gower, Christ Church. BANKRUPTS from Friday's Gazette. To Surrender in Basinahull-slrvvt. JOHN PAGE, engraver, Horseferry-road, Westminster, Nov. 24 Dec. 2o. Att. I lnpps, Weavers -hall. GEORGE SANFORD, merchant, Great Dover-street, Southwark, Nov. 21, Dec. 25. Atts. Simpson and Cobb, Austin-friars. h:AAC nIJE £ RY ROBERT -UOTT, piano-forte maker, Pall-mall, Nov. 24, Dec. 22. Atts. Willoughby and Jaquet, Clifford's-inn. Jo Surrender in the Country. JOHN COCKCROFT, JOHX COCKCROFT COCKCROFT, and WM. COCKCROFT, stuff-manufacturers. Addingham, Yorkshire, Nov". 24, Dec. 26, at the Devonshire Hotel, Skioion. Atts. Battve and Co., Chancery-lane, or Lee, or Ward and Son, Leeds. COPPKR OPE Sold at li E 1) k r TIT, Nov. 12 IS JO MINKS. 21 CWT. I'PIiCHASKKS. C B, till I'. Grenfnll Hml Suns fr, !><> b;) Ditto !'li: 88 Williams. Foster, an.l C; 7 t! 85 Ditto i; i! Diiio 84 V i, 4 •• •• ffJ '<„).)!„<) Suns 4u r; Dillo -2 V tvirtn iit.dSons # 4 11 U; •• F-'Shsh ('i.pper Co. 5 17 t! ''email an,I Co 13 •• •• -ii Willi,.1„S, Foster f'o s r uitio V2 Din,, '.f 7 J'ltto 3d l*. (Jrenfell and Sons .'| (1 •• "a Mi-'io R'.ya! Co ,3 Wh. Islington 04 EnsiUhCo., Vivian and Sens, a,;d wil'- I'-ims. F,):íer, & Co s n C, S9 Q (I Ditto 88 Ditto •" j "itto 45 Vivian and Son? o t- Uiliu f.iigli.-li Co. & Vivian and Sons 313 » •• 1 freeman ati'i Co Wh. IMemlMlip 100 Sims, Will,•*„,>, Nrvitl, Virucc,'and c'J. 3 l*» (J )nl" •• .-SI I Gieiit, II and Sens 3 m 0 l>i"o (ii Ditto ii o ,1 Trevartun Downs 11 Ditlo \VI| Buiter 1:3 a10 '):,to •• •• sr> Kndi-h (Jo. & P. (Jrenltll ami'sons A 7 0 ..77 t'. Git'iift-K and Sons Y\h1. Harmony.. 77 Vivian and Sons and Frt^nan'i Co." 4 11 (i J !"■> •• •• 71 I'- Cir.nl,M a,.d Son, 3 i •• •• S3 Vivian and j fi ljiU" •• 1'. G, S and Vi^urs and Co. o 1 « Cardrtw. x-2 Fireman and Co. j fi Fowyy Consols.. 117 Vivian and Sons •• 6# Williams, Foster, and Co s y 0 U,u" •• •• •w Vivian and Sons and Williams, Foster", ind Co. s Q (I t f>4 Vivan anil Sons g .'| ki'lo •• 53 P. Ofeiiftdl and Sons, and Williams", ° 1-2 f) ."o. 49 N'i (I C p in n Di tt. 33 ? <-en!t.|| and Sons |j „ Trewavas 1^2 Vivian and Sons q 1 « Uiu" •• •• 79 „ Nevill, Dmce, ami C-j. 1 4 (i Providence 103 Crenodl and Sons 5 Wl^°i" Sims Willyams, Neviil, Druce, and Co 3 14 O YY 1. Jnl.a 60 hnjlish Copper Co. 1 Dun.59 Duio 5 if !■ nil. Speed 61 Sims, Will,ani.«, Nevill, Druce," & Co. 3 11 tl -• •• 43 Williams, Foster, and Co. ti ig o Relislian 49 Freeman & Co., ami Williams, Foster", and Co. 7 <; n Ditto 27 English Co '440 Oitlo 24 Freeman X Co., and Williams, Foster, ,f Co. H 1 (I Marazion Mines 3d Mines Royal Co ,& Freeman and C«»! 11 5 0 Unto '24 Sims, Willyams. Nevill, Druce, & Co. 0 S fi J^° •• •• 14 Williams, Foster, and Co. 5 7 n ,to •• 7 Vi.:ms and Co o ivun anri Sons *23 0 VV'h. Treasury 53 Sims, Will, ami, Nevill, Drnce, and Co Ton Trevaskus 3!) Freeman and Co. -• •• 11 Diito I £ &t. Ives Consols 33 W illiams, Foster & Co. a n •• •• 15 Ditto "• •• YYIi. Plenty 24 Freeman ami Co „ v, ^lr''s •• 17 Sims, Willyams, Nevill, Druce, & Co' 3 14 o Niclioll's Ore H Williams, Foster, and Co. 2 o Total 3,.554 ABm«e 10 "(e' I*-Quantity of fine Copper, 269 Ions 3 cvvl 0 or — Amount ot Sale, £ 2I.»M 13s. ,),1 — Average Standard. |4 Ss High Water in Swansea Harbour and at the Passages FO[t 'rill-" l,"NS(IING D AV S. SWANSEA HUBOUH. THU I' I Morn. Even. IIriyhts'; i H, M. "• V. f. I. H. \|. H u Saturday, Nov. 21 4 J5 4 3 > 15 10 5 35 r Sunday 4 57 5 18 16 3 6 17 fl '-Is Monday v.T 5 38 5 54 17 tl 6 50 7 Tuesday U „ u 0 3.) 17 1 7 34 7 5o Wednesday, 25, 6 49 7 0 17 3. 8 0 « I liurailay 26 7 5 7 22 l(i 11 3 25 8 42 Friday 2r 7 37 7 53 16 1 3 57 9 MOON'S AGE—JVEU> MOOII, 24th day, Ih. 58m. morn.

Jf!Itarketø. MARK-LANE, LONDON, Monday, Nov. Id.—The supply of wheat f rom Essex is very fair tins morning, though moderate from other counties, but oivtng to the continu.mce of damp weather many of the samples still come 10 hand in very bad condition, and it is conse- quently difcult to make progress in the sates. At the latter part of the day, however, a tolerably good clearance was made of most of the Essex 1 uns at a reduction of about 2s. per quarter since thi, day se nnight. lrl joreig" wheat there is rather a limited extent of bu- sitiess doing, and the best qualities are held at previous rates, bid jor the general qualities it is difficult to make sales, unless at a reduction. of from Js. to 2s. pel quarter. There is a good supply of malting parity in addition to tvnal was left over from Friday's market, and the condition, owing to the damp weather, is mostly bad. The sales of this ai ticle have been made at a decline of full 2.v per quarter since last Monday. Ordinary descriptions of Grinding barley are about Is. per quarter cheaper. Boiling peas is per quarter. Mjple and gtey have declined to a similar extent. The supplies of English and Scotch oats last week were, as usual, very short, but of Irish we con- tinue to receive good arrivals. In the early part o/ «/te morning the trade seemed a little more lively, and higher prices were asked, but as business proceeded there was less animahun m the sales, thiJugJA prices are still about 6d. per quarter dearer than last Mouday. From the uncertainty that prevails with respect to the nominal top price tfflcii, it "difficult to quote with accuracy; but the general opinion inclines to call it 55s. per sack. It is possible, however, that tome will write it 58s. as before. PRICE OF GRAINS—Per Imperial Quarter. ReJ 5«'52 Staple £ J, OW 01 Wl,ite 38 Vi Holler 4t White 54 lie a us 44 *'NE H 60 83 Old 11 f" ™ Ticks e8 4a 4j [J* •• 3» 4t> Feed U.ils 2, • 28 29 Flue Uillo, luie mailing 33 t'oUml "-15 .,ri iV1 Fi,,e aS 3 .» 04 61 Potato « 41 Fine I LOUK, per Sack 0I 281W6. He8t 51.. 10 5j.. I Secund. :;6..1052.. AVERAGE PRICE OF CORN, per Qr. For the Week ending Nov. 7, 1840, and by which importation is regulated. Wheat 62 Ii Beails 44 B»"ey 36 1 I Kye 38 tl | pease ° I PRlCH OF SEEDS. I.1" Mustard, Brow 2, New H.mb.r'g 52 5H e 11 '5 French 30 id tanary, per qiiarlei 72 74 Trefoil |0 UyeWss 3U 42 Caraway 30 SJ litres.. New ti'ls. Old — 34 Coiiamter IS I PRICE OF HOPS, in the Borought per Ctvt. j £ IT. Jt. 8» • £ Kent Pockets.. 1839.. 9 9/ul2 12 Kent Bags 1833 « 61«* o Uillo choice — 7 10 9 9 Choice 0 0 0 o Kaal Keiil I'ockets ..9 9 12 12 1838's 4 15 B 8 Missex dillo ..— 7 7 9 9 | 1837 s 0 U 0 PRICE OF MEAT.—SMITHFIELD, NOD. 16. The scarcity of prime, qualities of beasts continues to be felt, and operates a good deal in getting up prices. This morning buyers are Jound as high as 5s., and that, in many cases, ireely given. In the rough sorts there is also a tolerable trade, but not with any material alteration in prices. The supply of sheep is st,U within the demand and therejore there is no difficulty in maintaining their former terms' 5s., Down wethers not at all exceeding their value. Calves, bemq short in number, are easily disposed of, and nice ones realise 5s (id which is 2d. more than their Friday's quotation. In pigs business is done for dairy fed at St. lo sink the OITal-per 8lbs. Ueef 3s. 8d. to -Is. 8d. I Veal 4,. 0d. i0 1, 9,1 Minion 3s. I'd. lo 4s. 2d. Pork 3s. Hd • Lamb "a. Od. to 0s. Oil. Head of Cattle this day. Beasts, 3,814; Sheep, 22,380; Calves, lot; PIP, 535. Head ol Cattle 011 Friday. Beasts, 915; Sheep, 4540 Calves, 181 Fi<s, 640. N tswa»TK and CTTITlS^TnT^By the Carcase. Beef. 3s. •;»«•. '"J-|VmI. 3s. 4d. to 5s. Od. Million 3s. 4d. to 4s. 2d. Fork. 3s. 8d. to 5s. 0d. Lionb Od. lo 0s. Od. PRICE OF TALLOW AND SOAP, per Cwt. *• "• »• <*■ ,t 1'own Tallow 55 6 Melted Stuff 40 0 Curd diito 64' O' Yellow Russia 52 II IJillo Hough 2i> 0 Palm 0 Oilto Soap.. 54 <l Vellow Soap — o Greaves Ii A While dillo.. — 0 MotUed ditto.. 53 0 Dregs 5 Q PRICE OF IRON. X. s. d. X. s. d. Biitish Bars, Slaltordshire 0 0 0 to 8 10 u Welsh 0 0 0 to 7 10 » Pigs, Staffordshire 0 0 0 to 5 0 0 —— Welsh 0 0 0 to 0 II II BRISTOL PRICE CURRENT.—Aor. 13. The sugar-market has been scarcely attended during the past week. and little or no business transuded. SUGAK. «• «• COFKKK. f Muse, very Hrownfperc.) -to— Pine ditl. Dry Brown »" Very line j 545 Middling 82 86 RUM. ». d. J Good middlings 8# 88 Jamaica (per gal.) 5 0 6 0 Good anil fine. 88 89 Leeward Isle 3 3 4 I) Molasses 43 i.oowoon. f a. t. I. Jamaica 'per ton.) ..9 0 10 0 corKKK. St. Domingo ,12 0 13 9 Jamaica, triage (per cwt.) 80 90 Cainpeacliy ,.J4 0 15 O Oidinary 'Oil, Fustic, Jamaica 8 0 9 o Good ditlo 102 106, Cuba .12 0 13 FT Fine dillo 108 112 oil,. Middling ItS 120 Gallipoli (per tun) 550 58 O Good dillo 130 141 Sicily 52 0 53 O Average Pi ir.e of Brown Muscovado Sugar, for th" ending Oct. 27, 57#. i)U. per cwt. PRICE OF LEATHER. Ib. lb. a. d. ib. lb. d. d. Ciop Hides 30/»35.. II/ol2j .erman Horse Hides ..13?«l*i Dillo dillo 40 48..13 14 Horse Biillx y || Ditto dillo 50 60.. 15 lo Call Skin. BestP.5d 64.6 28 Foieign Hides 30 35..12 13^ Dii to (common).. Ii3 7o..25 27 \l ildlint* .12 13 Dillo ditlo 811 1(10..20 21 Bulls, English 16 20..14 J5 Dillo dillo 10i> I20..I8 20 Ditto uillo 24 26..15 |o Dillo dillo 3u 36.. 12 15 Onto dillo 28 30..16 17 Irish Skins .13 13 Diito ditto(exira) 34 3 > 13" 19 VVeMi Skins 3t40 j-) ItS Dillo, Foreign 16 21).. 14 15 )).)o(h)tt. 40 43.. 14 Ii Dillo .1111" 22 25..144 15} Ditlo ,11110 45 5tj..|8 21 Ditlo ditto 28 30.. 15 it; Dillo dillo 27 35.. 12 13 Ditto dillo (extra)34 36.. 16 17 Kips, Knglish and Welsh 15 17 Ii. Saddler*'H nle.- 40..14^ 15^ Duio, P. l-rsbuigli 6 S.. iT 19 C 35 40..13 14^[ Dillo ditto 9 IU..14 11 Shaved Hides 18 22..13 10 Dillo, East India ..)fi)& ■*hoe duio 20 23..ll £ Seal Skins, Small ..17 18 Common dillo 27 34..11 J3 Dillo, Middling ..14 16 el-dl Hides .I1.J |2.J Ii. U II Hull dillo .It) 11 honlders, English 9 II | I'.n&lish Home Hides ..13 Hi Dillo, Foreign 8 II Wr"" 1111111.11 18 llellies, Kn-li»li ..7 II -.12 ,n Spanish ditt0 .12 15 Dillo, Foreign 1)0- without Butts,12s. lo Iris. till. ea. Prmted and Published by WILLIAM COURTENAY MURRAY AND I)AVID REES, A; Mir. 58. WINID-SIRKET. SWA\*E*. SATURDAY, NovEMBER 21, 1840.