Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
11 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
---------.-------IMPERIAL…
IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS.—MONDAY. Lord Carnarvon read telegrams from Sir Bartle Frero, in one of which it was stated that the necessity for the annexation of the Transvaal appeared to be generally7 recognized. Lord Rosebery asked whether, in the opinion of the Government, the time had not arrived for entering into an amicable arrangement with France and Austria, by which this country might be released from the engage- ments of the Triparite Treaty of the 15th of April. 1856. He said that in the course of the war in the East this country might be called on to act in pursuance of that Treaty, and therefore it was important to decide whether it was operative or inoperative, for he did not believe that it would be in the power of any set of Ministers to induce this country to wage war on the side of Turkey. After some remarks from various speakers, Lord Derby stated that the language held by the Austrian Government throughout the long series of ne- gotians had not been, in his judgment, such as to lead to the idea that they were inclined to stand by the extreme rights given by the Tripartite Treaty, and France, another party to the Treaty, had announced her intentions to adopt a strict and perfect neutrality. If he was asked whether the present moment was not the proper time to take such a step as Lord Rosebery referred to, he must reply that he did not think it was a fit time. When the war came to an end there might then be a re-settlement of the engagements entered into, but at the present time it would be injudicrous to make any attempt for such a purpose. The conversation on the subject then dropped. Lord Hosebery moved the Second Reading of the Game Laws (Scotland; Amendment Bill, which, he said, was founded entirely on the Report of a Select Committee of the House of Commons. After some discussions, in which the Duke of Buccleuch, Lord Ripon, and the Duke of Richmond took part, the Bill was read a second time. The other business on the paper having been dis- posed of, Their Lordships adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—MONDAY. In answer to a question from Mr. Gourley, as to the position of the Khedive, the Chancellor of the Exche- quer pointed out that as Egypt is part of the Turkish Empire, she would be at war with Russia whether the Khedive sent a contingent to the assistance of the Sultan or not, and Russia would be equally at liberty to block- ade Egyptian ports,and stop vessels carrying contraband of war to Egyptian ports. In answer to Mr. Rylands Mr. Lowther said that official information had been received from !Sir Bartle Frere of the proclamation of British soverignty in the Transvaal, on the 12th April, and that, speaking generally, it had been favourably received. The fifth night's debate on the Eastern Question was opened by Mr. Waddy, who justified the course taken by Mr. Gladstone, and argued that the Ministerialists by" their declarations, were bound to support the first two resolu- tions. He enlarged on the inconsistencies of the policy of the Government, and Claimed for the Opposition that it was the party of peace. Mr. Bruce held that the condition of Western Europe, and especially the mutual distrust of France and Ger- many, was tile chief reason why the Government had not succeeded in its diplomatic campaign. Commenting on the past, he was of opinion that there had been a little too much scolding and too much identification of of ourselves with Russia at the Conference, and as for the poli y of t! reatening war without meaning it, Mr. Bruce remarked that England did not breed instruments of such a diplomacy. It was to be regretted that greater pains had not been taken during the years of peace which iollowed the Crimean War to press reforms upon Turkey, for there was a reforming party in Turkey, although the Russian Government and Embassy had always discouraged it. It was unfortunate that the Porte had obstinately resisted our advice, but, the Porte having gone to war in opposition to it, we were not in any way responsible. At! that we were called 011 to do was to defend our own honour and inte. e it" to localize and minimize the war as much as possible, and when war came to an end to secure good government for the Turkish Provinces. Designing to keep the hands of the Govern- nieut umombarrassed, he objected to passing the Reso- lutions. Sir W. Harcour t remarked that whatever might become of the long resolutions, the long debate was justified by the speech of the Home Secretary and the definition of British interests. Although a policy of neutrality was the only one possible to us now it was not altogether satisfactory, because it would leave Turkey at the mercy of Russia. Assuming that Russia would destroy Turkey, if she were moderate she would obtain an overpowering influence in Eastern Europe, and if she were not mode- rate we should have to rescue British interests from the jaws of a victorious Power. Though he was not pre- pared to join Russia in war upon Turkey now. there was a time when we might have joined with the other Powers in a limited coercion, such as that employed in 1827. Our neutrality ought to bo genuine and impartial, al- though Lord Derby's offensive despatch was a very bad preparation for it, but when the time for making peace came our influence must be used to free the Christians from the odious rule of the Turks. Mr. Fawcett expressed his regret that Lord Hartington should have used his influence to prevent a considerable section of the opposition voting on the third and fourth Resolutions, because they had always contended for something more than strict neutrality, and England had contracted obligations to the Eastern Christians. De- precating strongly the irritating language towards Russia which had been used in the debate, lie sharply attacked Lord Derby's last despatch, and asked the front Oppo- sition Bench whether it was intended to move a vote of censure on it. He admitted the policy of reticence pur- sued by the opposition was much to blame, but he pledged himself that if any attempt to go to war to keep the Turks in Constantinople without an appeal to the country, the House should be kept sitting until Christmas. The Marquis of Hartington, who rose at half-past 10, referring first to the amendment, described it as inac- curate and inadequate, because while the passing of the Resolutions would not embarrass the Goverunent, the policy laid down did not include the good government of the Turkish Provinces. The two Resolutions, he main- tained, pointed to the true policy which ought to guide the action of the Government. Replying to Lord Sandon's inquiry, why was not a Vote of Censure moved, lie pointed out that it would have strenthened that section of the Ministerialists from which the Opposition differed most, and would have weakened those with whom they had most sympathy. Undoubtedly the Resolutions as originally proposed would have constituted a vote a want of confidence, but that the Government met by taking shelter under the Previous Question. If it had been thought desirable to move a vote of censure, the papers relating to the Protocol disclosed ample grounds for it. Justifying the course taken by Mr. Gladstone, he said that though he entirely agreed with the objects aimed at in the four Resolutions, he could not concur in all the means, nor in the ex- pediency of pressing them at this time. These objects I he took to be to secure the country from the shame and guilt as appearing as the defender of Turkey, to make the country an aetive agent in giving freedom to the Turkish Provinces and Peace to Europe, and to guard British interests in the only way in which they could be permanently safe by making them identical with peace and freedom. The first object would be obtained by passing the first two resolutions. Remarking on the part which British interests had played in the debate, he said he was as ready as any one to fight for them, but he denied that they were identical with the mainten- ance of the Ottoman Empire," and what, he asked, had British interests to do with the conduct of Russia, which had been so freely denounced during the Debates ? Dis- cussing the third and fourth Resolutions, he pointed out that a free Greece and a free Servia had already been es- tablished by us in concert with Russia. He admitted that these Resolutions pointed to the employment of force, and though there was a time before the Moscow Declaration, when a small display of force without re- course to violent measures would have sufficed to bring Turkey to reason, things had changed now, and he saw no way in which a concert of the European Powers for this purpose could be obtained. No doubt the country would sustain the Government in a policy of strict neu- trality, but sooner or later we should be called on to in- terfere either as mediators or to deal with the events of the war; and the policy laid down in the Resolutions would be the guide to our conduct. He did not quarrel with the Home Secretary's definition of British interests"—he was willing to say that no territorial aggrandizement should be forbidden to Russia, and that the navigation of the Suez Canal should be secured, but no more must these objects be secured, as of old, solely by the maintenance of the Ottoman Empire." The Chancellor of the Exchequer declared that, after all the debate, he was still at a loss to know what was the precise issue to be submitted to the House. It was impossible to say how many Resolutions were actually before the House for, notwithstanding all that had been said of the withdrawal of all but the first two, Mr. Gladstone still insisted they are five." As to meeting the issue by the Previous Question," it was the tactics pursued by Sir John Lubbock which had prevented the Government making any motion. Replying to Mr Gladstone's criticism, lie denied that the policy of the Government had been ambiguous, and claimed that it should be tried, not by Mr. Lowe's criterion of success, but by the standard of international right and reason.' Looking at all the circumstances, he contended that the Government was right in abstaining from the use of lan- guage unnecessary violent and harsh to Turkey, and that it was their duty to do all they could by good advice to improve the internal condition of that unhappy country. The other Powers took exactly the same view. He ad- mitted that they had failed to bring about those reforms, owing mainly to the deplorable obstinacy of Turkey, and partly owing to the deplorable impatience of Russia. As to the future, the landmarks of the Ministerial policy would be, first, strict neutrality. But this was a struggle which could not be confined to the parties principally concerned. We had interests—some in com- mon with other nations, some which were peculiar to ourselves. IN-, might expect with confidence that other nations would be ready to protect their trade and com- munications, and we ourselves, though there was no need to be over-hasty, should watch with vigilance for any turn of events which threatened our route to India. Defending Lord Derby's Despatch, he insisted that it was not provocative in its language, and that the Go- vernment had only done its duty in declaiming all re- sponsibility for the war. Referring again to the question of coercion, he showed that in the Protocol which was proposed by Russia force was not mentioned, and pointing to Mexico as a warning against entangling alliance with Powers which might not have the samo object as ourselves, he mentioned that the Government had done more wisely in keeping its ands free to act as might seem best when occasion for interference arose. Mr. Gladstone, in his reply, after touching on points raised by Lord Eleho, Sir H. Wolff, and others, came to the speecii of Mr. Cross, of which he expressed approval so far as it went, but pointed out that it "was in direct contradiction with Lord Derby's Despatch. This dualism pervaded all the later policy of the Government, aud it was to its want of eonsecutiveness and consistency that he attributed the failure of the Government to attain the objects which it had laid before it—the maintenance of the status quo, the integrity and independence of the Ottoman Empire, the Treaties of 1856, and the improve- ment in the condition of the Christians. With regard to the Resolutions, he did not agree with Lord Hart- ington that the time had passed for an authorita- tive interference of combined Europe. That, he believed, was the only weapon by which a satis- factory settlement could be arrived at. The Resolutions did not contemplate a sole alliance with Russia, nor did he believe that combined actioa of the other Powers was even yet impossible. Replying to the question so often put in the debate-does coercion mean war ?-lie emphati- cally replied No." Adequately supported, coercion needed not be followed by war, and as instances of the successful employment of foreign armies in the internal affairs of other nations, he mentioned Holland, Spain, and Portugal. Insisting once more on his interpretation of the Treaty of Kainardji, and on the obligations im- posed on us by our destruction of the Protectorate which Russia exercised under it, Mr. Gladstone argued that the shortest way to put an end to the war aud stop blood- shed would be by drawing a Naval cordon round Turkey, and neutralising the Turkish Fleet. He concluded an eloquent peroration by expressing his regret that the voice of the nation had not prevailed, and that England had not been permitted to take her place Íü this great work of civilization. After some observations from Major O'Gorman the House divided on Mr. Gladstone's First Resolution and the numbers Avei-e- For the Resolution 223 Against it 353 Majority against the Resolution 131 Majority against the Resolution 131 The announcement of the numbers was received with enthusiastic and long-continued cheering from the Ministerial Benches. Sir H. D. Wolff's amendment declaring the inexpedi- ency of embarrassing the Government by passing any resolution at this moment was then agreed to without a division, and Mr. Gladstone announced that he would not press his second resolution. Some other business was disposed of, and the House adjourned at 25 minutes past 2 o'clock.
THE WAR IN THE EAST.
THE WAR IN THE EAST. RUSSIAN DEFEAT: LOSS OF 4,000 MEN. CONSTANTINOPLE, May 12.—The Minister of Foreign Affairs has telegraphed the following to the Ottoman Ambassador in London :—" The Russian:, having attacked yesterday in great force the positions occupied in the vicinity of Bacoiim by the vanguard of the auxiliary troops, an engagement ensued, which lasted eight hours and a half, and resulted in the complete rout of the enemy. The loss of the Russians was upwards of 4,000, while ours was comparatively inconsiderable." Official telegrams received here from Batoum to-day, giving details of the battle fought near that place last Friday, state that the fighting, which lasted eight hours, was of a most determined and sanguinary character. The Russian Army Corps which attacked the Turkish positions was repulsed, and left 4.000 dead on the field. The Turkish loss was comparatively small. An official despatch from Erzeroum, of the 10th hist. announces the receipt of news from the Governor of Kars, who reports the loss of thirty killed in an engage- ment with the Russians on the 8th. The Russian brigade was marching towards Kagysman. The Governor of Ardahan telegraphs that a Russian brigade, which advanced against the Amur-Eglon redoubt on the 10th iust., retreated after an artillery engage- ment, without result. A despatch from Ahmed Mukhtar Pacha, dated the 10th inst., announces that the Governor of Ardahan has telegraphed that on the 8th inst. a detachment of volun- teer Turkish cavalry had encountered some Russians who were throwing a bridge over the river, near Arda- han, in the direction of the Ramoraz-Eglon redoubt. An engagement ensued, in which the Russians were compelled to abandon their position. EUZEROUII, May 16.—Intelligence received here an- nounces that a detachment of Cossacks who advanced to Kashkey, have been compelled to fall back upon Kagluim. The Russiaus have sent forward reconnoitring parties in two directions from Soglianli, probably with the object of making a flank attack upon the Turkish camp at Bardiz, but owing to the great depth of the snow they were unable to carry out their plan. Rein- forcements continue to arrive on a large scale. There is a scarcity of provisions at Alexandropol and Erivan. Telegraphic communication with Kars continues. The Russians have endeavoured to obtain information by tapping the telegraph wires, but were immediately dis- covered by the questions they put. Large contributions of money and provisions are made by the inhabitants of Erzeroum to aid the defence of Kars. ST. PEfERgjiUnu. May 13.—The following official tele- gram has been received here to-day :— TUT, is, May 12.—Lieu tenant-General Oklobgis an- nounces that after securing thc fortified position of Kiakhaestate he sent forward, on the 11th inst., two advanced columns against the Rhatzuban heights, skirt- in0, the river Kintrissa. This strong position was stormed by our troops, who all worthily upheld the re- nown of the army of the Caucasus. Our artillery was handled wirh admirable effect. The losses on our side were twelve men killed, and nine officers and 107 men wounded." The Turkish losses were enormous. The Khatzuban heights referred to in the above official tele- gram arc situated near Batoum. The Turkish positions were defended by entrenchments. DESTRUCTION OF A TURKISH MONITOR. TERRIFIC EXPLOSION LOSS OF 2JU LIVES. ST. PKTERSUUKO, May 12. — The following official despatch has been published here to-day :— IVLSCIIKNKFF, May 11.—A communication from Major- General Tsaloff, commander of the 1st Brigade of the 11th Division, announces that a large three-masted Turkish monitor was blown up and sunk off Ibraiia to- day by the five of the Russian batteries." BUCHAREST, May 11.—The largest of the Turkish monitors approached Ibraiia at three o'clock this after- noon. and took up a position behind the island of Ghiacet, whence it bombarded the town. The Russians replied with artillery of small calibre from their batteries on the quay, but without effect, whereupon the Russians masked batteries behind the vineyards on the heights commalllling the town opened nre, and kept up an hour's cannonade. Two Russian shells penetrated the boiler of the moni tor, causing an explosion. The powder magazine immediately afterwards ignited, and blew up the monitor, with the whole of the crew and 200 soldiers oil board, who were all drowned. BL-CHAitijsr, May 13.—According to official intelli- gence the Turks endeavoured last night to effect a land- ing at Oltenitza, but the attempt was frustrated by the gallant resistance offered by the Rouiuaniaa troops. General Mann has asked for reinforcements. I CONSTANTINOPLE. May 12 (1 p.m.)—A telegram re- ceived here from Rustchuk announces that the cannonade continues between Turtukai and Oltenitza. A Russian detachment has failed in an attempt to cross the Danube near Rahova. Similar attempts are re- ported from other points. The following telegram has been received here from Rustchuk. of to-day's date:—'■ The cannonade maintained by the Russian battaries at Oltenitzà against the Turkish positions at Turtukai occasioned a small loss on the Turkish side. Some shells struck the Governor's resi- dence. An accidental explosion occurred on board a Turkish monitor anchored at Matchin. Foreigners are leaving Rustchuk." An official telegram from Widdin, dated the loth instant, states that the Russians are actively engaged in constructing fortifications opposite Widdin. REPULSE OF THE TURKS ON THE DANUBE. GALATZ, Monday Evening.—No attempt has yet been made by the Russian troops to cross the Danube in any considerable force or permanently. They return after having completed a specifie operation. Yesterday a steam-tug from Braila took over SOliLC lighteril and 200 labourers, and removed from Getchet several hundred tons of coal which the Turks had accumulated for the use of the flotilla. The Turks made no interference. Matchin is about seven miles distant from Braila. Therefore, the statement that the Braila batteries were firing into Matchin is absurd. The Turks are arranging '■ to send into Austrian waters a neutral vessels belated in the Danube by the declaration of war. The Russian front will be covered by ten regiments of Cossacks of the Caucasus and the Ural. The inundations have now decreased in the Birlat Valley, and the troops are march- ing down it in a steam of six hundred daily. The Ninth Corps constitutes the Russian right beyond Bucharest. The Twelfth Corps is about the Roumanian capital. The head-quarters both of the Eighth and Eleventh Corps are now in Galatz. The Seventh Corps is on the left about Ismail and Jassy. The Fourteenth, Thirteenth, and Fourth Corps constitute the second line. The Fifteenth and Tenth remain about Odessa. The weather is dry and very hot. BUCHAREST, May 14.—At two o'clock this morning six ships conveying a Turki"l1 force attempted to cross the Danube near Giurgevo, in the direction of the island of Mocan. The Roumanian outposts hestened up, and having received reinforcements from Giurgevo, compelled the Turks to retreat after a brisk exchange of musketry fire lasting some time. The Grand Duke Nicholas is expected to-day at l'loyesti, where he will be received by M. Bratiano, the Minister President, and M. Cogal- niceano, the Minister for Foreign Affairs. Prince Charles also proceeds thitherto-day. Two Bulgarian brigades, in- cluding artillery, and completely equipped, are stationed near their place. The Government has concluded an agreement with the Bank of Roumania, under which the the bank undertakes the payment of the July Coupon of the Oppenheim loan of 1866. BUCHAREST, May 14, Evening.—The news of the repulse of a Turkish forces in an attempt to cross the Danube Hear Giurgeco by Roumanian outposts is confirmed. CONSTANTINOPLE, May 14.—An official despatch to- day explains the loss of the ironclad monitor Lufti Djelil, near Matchin, on the lltli inst., as having been Caused by an accidential explosion. The vessel sank, and only one man of those on board was saved. The Russians continue to erect batteries at Kalafat. There is no other war news to-day. DECLARATION OF WAR BY ROUMANIA. PARI", May 15.—The Journal des Debats of to-day publishes a telegram fromPesth, dated 14th inst.,9 p.m., Asserting that Roumania has declared war against Turkey, and that Prince Charles has taken the command of the Roumanian army. The telegram adds that the Servian Government is disposed to follow the example of Roumania in this respect.
REMARKS ON THE WEATHER DURING…
REMARKS ON THE WEATHER DURING THE QUARTER ENDING MARCH 31ST, 1877. BY JAMES GLAISHER, ESQ., F.R.S. &C. The weather during the quarter has been for the most part exceptional, the readings of the barometer have Oeen usually below their averages, with frequent stormy Veather, the temperature of the air was high both in January and February, rain fell almost continuously and Was excessive in January, and there has been very little Sunshine throughout the quarter. The high temperature which set in on November 13th, 1876, and continued with the exception of six days in becember, till the end of the year, was also prevalent throughout January and until the 19th of February, 18.7, the average daily excess of temperature for the 50 lays beginning January 1st and ending February 19th Vas 6°'l and for the 99 days beginning November 13th ind ending February 19th was 5°.1, the winter of the ?ear 1876-7 has been exceptionally mild. On February iotli a period set in, which was. distinguished by several lavs of temperature below their averages, and then fol- ovved by a smaller number of days of temperature above heiraverages, and this variation of temperature, alter- nately warmnd acold, continued till March 23rd. From karch24th to the end of the quarter the weather was Uniformly warm. The fall of rain in January was excessive, at about nondon and its neighbourhood it fell during the first lalf of the month on nearly every day, and during the rhole of the month it fell on 6 days out of 7 days. The .mount at Greenwich was 4'35 ins.; back to the year 815 we have no instance of so large a fall of rain in fanuary, and but two instances which are closely ap- proximate, viz., in the year 1828 when the fall was 4*3 us., and in the year 1868 when it was 4*2 ins. The Iverao-e rainfall of G2 Januaries is more than double the M-era"e fell in January this is the most remarkable as khe fall in December 1876 was so excessive. The fall of rain in the three months ending January ^as 13'20 ins., being more than half the mean annual of 62 years.' The average fall for the three sucessive Months, November, December, and January, has ex- ■teded in amount twice the average fall. The fall of rain in January was large everywhere, and fell on every day in the month at one or other place, he day of least fall was the 22nd, on that day it fell at 4'ew places only, and to a small mount, f
THE GLADSTONE DEBATE.
THE GLADSTONE DEBATE. The Times of Monday devotes its first two leaders to the Las tern Question. In one of them i j says that the two great facts before us now are, that Turkey is in- curable and Russia uncontrollable. It is now quite certain that the former all along was resolved not to be dictated to, and that the latter was all along equally resolved to fight it out with Turkey, Some of the speakers, indeed, have suggested that there was a time when England might have reduced Turkey to compliance by backing up more enepgetically the complaints of Russia but what we were to do, and what Turkey was to dD, and what Russia would have done thereupon, has never been explained. The stap.e oi the debates has been comments 011 the Turkish and Russian character for humanity, honesty, and truth, On one point, however, there has been an omission which has an i portant oearing on the practical question. It has not been taken into account what is really the de- cisive point of the whole question—that while the Russians are capable of improvement and are amenable to modern influences, the Turks are not. In their own nature, in their political form, and in their administra- tive system, they are positively unable to be just and humane. Mr. Gladstone's Resolution supposes that they had it in their power to satisfy the requirements of Lord Derby's Despatch. Wo need not ask how far an impend- ing invasion might have prevented this, nor yet whether it was barely possible to punish one or two delinquents. It is enough that the whole system of Turkey renders it certain there will be a continual repetition of such pro- ceedings. and no number isolated acts would have altered that system. She governs by force, she taxes by pillage, and robbers and murderers are her tax-gatherers. Every Pasha she sends to his goverment goes out with a plenary commission to get as much as he can out of a conquered people, by the aid of men engaged to plunder for the State because otherwise they would plunder of their own account. Mr. Gladstone's arguments, therefore, are scarcely equal to the fact as regards the Turks. He snp- poses that they can do right, and can be made to do it.. His charge against the Government is that, having it in their power to compel the Turks to do justice, to tea,ch them humanity, and so to improve them. they wantonly or carelessly neglected to do so. Of course, if the object be to defeat the Government, that is the best or the most. telling line of argument. But it is not consistent with the chief fact of the case, which is that. the Turk politically cannot mend himself. He is incapable of conceiving any other mode of action than his own, or can only imagine it to despise it utterly. The debate suffi- ciently brings out that Parliament takes this view of the Turk, but Mr. Gladstone would seem to think better of the Turk, as if he had only to be asked, and to be a little pressed, and made to confess an error The utter incapacity of the Turk to improve, and the fact that he is the same to-day as he was before he came into Europe, inconsistent as it may be with Mr. Gladstone's .present purpose, is the moral of this debate. The House has not had the courage to go further into the Eastern Question, and ask what is to be made of that great Empire when rid of its present occupant. The matter is now beyond political speculation, for it is in the cast of the die. For the present, statesmen and agitators will have to hold their bands and wait to see what is coming. The only thing that can be regarded as a certainty is that the future disposal of the Ottoman dominions will be something that none of us ever thought of, much less desired.
A LONDON TRAG3DY. \
A LONDON TRAG3DY. A person has been discovered who witnessed the per- petration of the murder ami suicide in Highbury New Park, London, last Thursday evening. Mrs. Blaine, a laundress, residing in Riversdale Road. Highbury, ob- served the two men walking together, and saw Bullock suddenly draw a revolver and fire into the face of Clements, who immediately fell. Two chambers of the weapon were discharged, oue of the bullets penetrating the right temple and the other the forehead, just above the right eyebrow, while both came out behind the left ear. Death was, of course, instantaneous. Having killed his victim, Bullock shot himself once in the temple, but did not succumb until after he had been conveyed to the German hospital, Da's toil. The revolver was a five-barrelled one, and two of the chambers were afterwards found to be still charged. It is undoubted that Bullock contemplated the commission of a crime, and that the motive was jealousy. Comparatively little is known about him, beyond that he was a clerk at an accountant's oiiice in the city. He was twenty-three years of age, and having been thrown a great deal into the society of Miss Muir.an affection sprang up between them. this continued until about eighteen months ago, when be made a formal proposal to the young lady, but was not accepted. Soon afterwards Clements became engaged to her, and the marriage was fixed for the autumn On the evening of the murder Bullock stopped an hour later than usual at his office, and was noticed to be in high spirits on leaving. It is believed that he ac- cidentally met Clements returning from the City. and, yielding to a murderous impulse, committed the crime. Clements and Bullock have lately often come into con- tact with each other, but the foi mer is not known to have. entertained any animosity towards his rival. In: the diary of Clements, found by Inspector Jamieson, of tbeN division, Was an entry, -Met H. A. B. in the train," dated April 9, "H. A." being the initials of Bullock s name. In his pocket-book there was discovered a letter from a friend at Plymouth congratulating him on his approaching marriage. It is stated that the in- sanity of Bullock will be proved beyond a doubt. Several instances of mental aberration have occurred in his family, and a short time ago his half-brother committed j suicide. The rejection of his addresses pveyed greatly on his mind, and made such an impression upon him that he could not sleep, and he had declared tint the singing of two pet birds would drive him mad. He had also abstained from shaving himself lest he might do himself injury. None of the members of his family knew that he had purchased a revolver. The inquest on the body of H. A. Bullock was held on Monday, by Mr. Humphreys, at Highbury. The brother of the deceased, a nurse, and several other per- sons gave evidence to the effect that a year or two ago deceased had scarlet and intermittent fever, and since then had become evidently deranged in his mind, show- ing an incapacity for making calculations, and giving other signs of the disease.—A verdict was returned of Suicide whilst of unsound mind." The jury expressed their sympathy with the friends of the deceased.
! MR. GLADSTONE ON CERAillC…
WELSH FARMERS AND EN-OLTSII MONEY LENDERS.— At the Bangor Bankruptcy Court, on Monday, an appli. cation was made for the payment out of court of P250 deposited in connexion with the bankruptcies of Hugh Williams, Tybwlchyn, Llanieslyn and Griffith Evans, Refail, Aberaron. The bankrupts are farmers, and last August Evans borrowed £ lo0 from a Mr. Levy, his sure- ties being Hugh Williams and Griffith Ow°n, both repre- senting that they were solvent. For the loar, Evans was to pay a bonus of k60. repayable within six months, the sureties and principal giving a bill of sale. Williams received JECO out of the ioan, and six days afterwards filed his petition in bankruptcy. Evans, who followed his example, being put down as a creditor for £ 100. Levy distrained under the bill of sale, but an injunction was obtained by the trustee and £ 250 were paid into court. Both debtors erwe exaiii,iied, and gave very evasive evi- dence. In giving judgment his Honour s"iid it was diffi- cult to repress his indignation at the conduct of swindlers ~nil he was using a very mild term like the debtors. They hesitated at nothing, signed anything, and swore everything. He considered both had committed perjury, and if he saw his way to a conviction he should certainly Jfave sent them for trial. They knew perfectly well what • iJ were doing they magnified the value of their stock, told every lie they could to obtain the money, divided it between them and filed their petitions. He had, how- ever, no sympathy with a man who could take a £ G0 bonus for the loan of £ 150, with power to snap up the borrowers' stock at a day's notice. The lender should have his pound of flesh, but no more, and he should de- cline to allow any costs. The money was then ordered to be paid out Qf court. MR. GLADSTONE ON CERAillC ART. On Satuitlay evening, under the nu«picer- of '• The Cymmroloriou Society," an organization, dating from 17.)1, for he encour^iirerll„rit of Jiiordture, jv>•"i-y, music, science, and art, as mure immeliitely connected with j Wales, lecture on The History of t!:e Poller's Art in Britain" was delivered at the London Institution by Pro- fessor F.G.S., who fills the chair of Natural Science in the University College of Wales. On the motion of the Society's Secretary, Mr. C. W. Jones, Mr. Gladstone, whose entrance the crowded audience greeted by rising from their seats and by hearty and prolonged cheering, presided. On his immediate right was the Bishop of &r. A-aph, V.P., and on the left Dr. Schlie- HLinn. Among others present may be mentioned Sir C. Reed, Mr. Chaffers (10 whose profound ceramic knowledge the lecturer alluded), Mr. Hugh Owen, Mr. B. T. Wil- linns, Q.C., the Rev. R. Jones, B.A., the Society's editor, Dr. Juhn \V;Hiams, Mr. Davies (of the Treasury), Mr. Joseph EJwards, the Rev. Evan Jones (Welsh Church), Mr. J. Ignatius Williams, Mr. Howel Thomas (Locti Go- verniiieji B >ard), Mr. T. Hamer, Mr. Ivor James, the Rev. I). J. Davies, of Merchant Taylor's School, and Mr. Lewis Morris. The lecture, which lasted an hour and twenty minutes, having ended, Mr. Gladstcne said,—It will certainly be our fault if we leave this place without some fair conception of this most curious art of the potter. It is a subject to which I myself have paid some attention, although not in a scientific or regular manner, but as an observer, a lover, and at one time a collector of these objects (hear, hear) and I should feel very desirous of addressing some re- marks upon the subject, but that I am absolutely com- pelled to leave you in the course of ten minutes. I will, however, just say a word or two upon a portion of what Mr. Rudler has mentioned. I am bound to thank him for having made me acquainted with the operations of the birds of Australia (pointing to a drawing of the nest of the pieu-griiling) as pioneers of industry in this great work. It is to me a most singular and interesting fact- though it does not appear that the good example they set-in regard to pottery has been followed by the natives both in connection with the present subject and likewise in connexion with natual history, as indicating higher gifts than are usually possessed by birds. When we consider the limited share of the higher gifts usually possessed by birds, it would really appear that, although he may find among insects far more remarkable gifts than we generally find in that region of the animal kingdom which is occupied by birds, it will be difficult to find any- thing so remarkable as the exhibition of the nests, made of clay, put together by birds. Passing onwards, I must quite sustain, so far as I am able, what has been said by the lecturer with regard to the potter's wheel. We have enjoyed the presence this evening of a gentleman of great distinction, Dr. Schliemann (cheers) to whom you are desirous of paying a tribute of admira- tion, and to whom all those who are interested in the early s ages of human history and human efforts are most deeply indebted. He, like me* is apt to date the beginnings, in many instances at least, of our knowledge from the period of Homer, which may be fixed at somewhere between 1.000 and 1,200 years Lifore Christ, and as the period at which we find the potter's art, not in its very early stage, but in the stage at which, apparently, the potter's wheel had been just invented and had corn" intu use. It was then a rare object, attracting a great deal of curiosity, and the use of which had not been at all common. Coming from that period to the earliest remains of British aI", I am in- duced to mention two specimens which I my.self possess, and which enabled iue to follow with peculiar interest the remarks of the lecturer. One of them belongs to the British period, and it agrees essentially with the vessel here represented (painting to a drawing on the wall marked "Ancient British"). In shape it is exactly the satoe; in the character of the ornamentation it is the fame and I am induced to make this observation—that the Celtic race, which then possessed this country ex- clusively, had^ a very strong natural sense of beauty— (hear, hear)—in which race the audience here assembled, I hope, feel very great interest. (Cheeis). I trust the lecturer will agree with me in the view I have formed of them from my own specimen, which is that, alth mgh it is true the ornamentation upon this vase does n it indicate any technical advance, yet it indicates a great nitural sense of beauty. (Hear, hear.) The second speci- men of ancient pottery I possess is certainly a very euritus one, because, after listening to the lecturer; I find it belongs to and combines the features of two different periods. It is in shape and character Anglo-Saxon, and it has ornamentation of the same description also similar bosses, and likewise handles upon it of the de- scription ascribed tu Anglo-Xormnn pottery, while it has the glaze of the sauie character as vases that are of a later period. With reference to what I have said of the Celtic race, myself being Scotch in blood, and not of the Celtic race at all, I may say without partiality that I am struck by this, that as regards the sense of beauty in their ornamentation I think you come to an improved period of fabrication when you come to the;e of later ages yet I think the sense of beauty, to my mind, is by no means so strong in those of the ruder constructions of the British period, and in the ornamentations of that period. I may say that the specimen of the British period I possess is of such a character that it is very doubtful whether it can be fired at all, and if it has, it must have been fired in a very imperfect manner. I cannot pass by the name of Wedgwood without a word. Perhaps I am a little given to what is called hero-worship, and Wedgwood is one of the heroes whom 1 worship. (Cheers. ) I do not hesitate to say that I consider Wedgwood, taken alto- gether, to be the most extraordinary man whose name is recorded in the history of the commercial world. (Ap- plause.) Putting together the whole of his qualities and the whole of his performance, Wedgwood completely re- volutionized the character of the fabrics made in Eng- land in his period. lie recalled into existence the spirit of Greek art. Whatever we may say of earthenware and porcelain manufacture prior to Wedgwood's period, it had I never risen to the loftiness of the spirit of Greek art. (Cheers). If you compare the famous porcelain of Sevres —the vases of Sevres—with the vases of AVedgwood, or the forms of Chelsea and Bow work with the forms of I Wedgwood, I do not hestitate to say that. in my opinion, they are greatly inferior. If you run your eye along this line of production of the ISth centurry in England (in- dicating)—although I am not by any means denying there are very good forms in others—those of Wedgwood stand pre-eminent. Although Wedgwood revived Greek art, although he seems to have shown lie was not satisfied with the forms of Sevres, yet he did not revive classical forms in a servile spirit. Though in all his productions you are reminded of Greek art, they are not mere repro- ductions. His style is strikingly original; and although, as the lecturer has said, he was most powerfully aided by such men as Bentley, yet I may say what people have justly said of Queen Elizabeth and her Ministers Bur- leigh and AValsiiigbani-l- How came she to have these great Ministers '■ It was because of her judgement and discrimination, which enabled her to bring them around her. (Cheers). Not only did Wedgwood completely re- volutionize the character of the fabrics, but lie carried the manufacture of earthenware, which is not porcelain, to by far the highest point which it has ever attained ally country7 in the world. Before the time of A\ edgwood, England was not particularly distinguished in respect of the potter's art, and down to the 18th century, 011 the whole, we were importers and not ex- porters of pottery; we learnt from the world rather than supplied the world; but from the hour Wedg- wood came upon the scene all this was altered, and we became great exporters of pottery, and from St. Petersburg on the one hand to the Mississippi on the other, the name and the productions of Wedgwood be- came familiar and were everywhere met with. The crowning triumph that he achieved was this—that Con- tinental factories set about the attempted imitation of his works, and the Royal factory of Sevres, richly and largely endowed as it was by State funds, not only con- descended to endeavour to rival Wedgwood and his works, but directly imitated them. At the same time it must be admitted that, great as was the power applied in their department of this art at Sevres, Sevres Wedgwood is not equal to the genuine work of Josiah Wedgwood. (Cheers.) Those who loved the art of the potter and his works should bear in veneration the name of Wedgwood. (Applause.) There is a very curious circumstance in con- nection with Worcester porcelain I might mention, which I think will be interesting to those who have heard the lecture. Unless I am very much mistaken, the Worcester porcelain works were distinguished from most of the factories of the day by their self-supporting character. Chelsea, in a great degree, was dependent upon the as- sistance it received from the Duke of Cumberland. The factory at Worcester took its origin from a very curious circumstance. You have heard of Whigs and Tories. In the middle of the last century one of these parties had the upper hand in the elections in the town (a laugh); and I am so impartial in this matter that I have absolutely y forgotten which it was. (Laughter.) The Partv that were undermost founded the Worcester porcelain factory in order to keep together a compact, stout body of voters, that they might regain predominance at elections. I quote from Mr. Binn's history. But what is astonishing to me is that this strong political infusion into the factory did not utterly spoil the work. I should have feared, in the circumstances, that the workmen, instead of thinking of anything beautiful or likely to give vitality to their works, would have had their thoughts directed to the last or to the coming election (a laugh). It is pre- sumptuous of me to endeavour to fill up what I may be pardoned in supposing to be a blank on the part of the lecturer, but I would suggest that the anchor-mark, which Mr. Rudler described as peculiar to Chelsea pottery, may have been derived from the original con- nexion of Chelsea pottery with the Venetian porcelain manufactory. It is a known sign of the Venetian, and there are many resemblances between the Venetian works and those of Chelsea. I am bound now, after what I have said about Worcester, to state that the Worcester people made great use of what the lecturer has called the "blue checkers mark." I am afraid I must now convey to you a suspicion which prevails upon my mind, of a painful character. I am afraid that the blue checkers mark savoured strongly of forgery, and was intended to con- vey in an illegitimate manner the notion that this kind of ware was the product of the East. It is a common mark upon Eastern porcelain; and I will give you my reason for fearing this is the case The Worcester people did not confine themselves even to the marks which are here delineated on the diagrams. I think three have been referred to. I was on one occasion in an auction- room at Christie's, when I had more time for such a purpose than I now have. I noticed there what was manifestly and palpably a Worcester tea-pot, with a beautiful blue glaze, and flowers in red and gold. I took up this teapot, and to my great astonishment I found upon it the German mark Karl Theodor." I thought this was very singular, and that I should get this teapot for an "old song." I was unable to stay myself, so I commissioned a dealer who was in the room to buy it. I told him that as it had got the Karl Theodor" mark upon it, it might not be recognised as Worcester work, and that he would most likely get it for a guinea. He got it for under a pound. (Laughter ) If. instead of having the Karl Theodor" mark upon it. i it had its own Worcester mark, it would have been worth at least five guineas, This was a remarkably illustration of the proverb, "Heoesy is the best policy." (Laughter, ,d ife-i i-. li,?ar.") I think it supports my suspicion tint the checkers mark was intended to convey to the uninatructed the idea that the work was an Oriental product. There is a great deal to be said upon this subject, even beyond what it was impos- sible for the lecturer to compress into his most interest- ing discourse. As to what the lecturer has said of the factories at Swansea and Xantgarw, lasting for a very short time in Wales. I can only say that when he men- tioned this circumstance I could not help looking at the emblem represented on the wall, and it occurred to me that the reason was that they were marked with a but- terily-a gay being, born, as Shakespeare says, To flutter and decay." (Laughter.) I do not know whether the commercial conditions will be favourable or not, but I hope the industry may revive in Wales. (Cheers.) I am quite sure the tastes of the people, which they show in many ways in their wonderful musical faculties, will be eminently conducive to its excellence. (Cheeis ) I wish, in conclusion, to express the strong opinion that I entertain, which matter has hardly within the scope of the comprehensive lecture, that the fictile art of porcelain is directly a branch of fine art—as truly a branch of fine art of the sculptor or the art of the painter. I do not say it is as important a branch or so high a branch, or one by which we may rise so far into the region of the ideal as in sculpture and 1 painting, but, in my opinion, it is strictly a branch of the fine arts. (Hear, hear.) I will tell you why: The representation of the human figure is the crowning point of all fiue art in all branches of it. Now, I contend that there are certain specialities in the use and application of the art of making porcelain to the representation of the human figure. You represent the human figure in the solid in porcelain, and you can represent it in the most complicated groups. You are accustomed to see four, fire, six. or eight figures put together in groups of porcelain without the smallest sense of impropriety the combination appears perfectly harmonious. To the sculptor in mal-ble it is almost impossible. Even among the famous works of the ancients—I am speaking of solid figures-it is extremely difficult to find instances where as many as five or six figures have been successfully com- bined indeed, it has seldom been attempted. It has been attempted in the famous case of the Dirccan Bull at Naples, which is a very unsuccessful attempt and most unsatisfactory in itself. In the case of porcelain, you will fillll no difficulty in these combinations they are perfectly natural and proper. When you produce the human figure in the solid in porcelain you can com- bine with it a perfectly free use of colour. That is pe- culiar to porcelain, and you cannot haye it in bronze or in ivory and even those who have carried furthest the doctrine of the application of colour to sculpture have never proposed anything more than extremely limited application of it. The limits of size in dimension in porcelain appear to be fixed by the law of nature. Of porcelain figures so modelled as to be called works of art, the smallest, I think, are between three and four inches high, and then they ascend from about 20 to 24 inches: but within these limits of size there is scope for every facility of combination, for every variety of atti- tude, as well as a free and unrestrained use of colour. It appears to me that this description of production has a peculiar claim to be denominated a branch of fine art on account of those facilities in the expression of th? human form, with specialities of colour, which belong to productions of no other description. I commend to you this very humble contribution to what is a very great and important subject, and I will conclude by proposing a vote of thanks to the lecturer. (Loud applause.) The Bishop of St. Asaph, in moving thanks to the Chairman, referred to Mr. Gladstone's sympathy with "Wales. He had been a friend of the oppressed in every part of the world. (Loud cheers.) He had been a friend of an ancient people who had long been neglected. In conclusion, the right rev. speaker trusted that the Soc iety would fix their eye firmly and continually upon their chairman of that evening, who would, he felt sure, really assist them in their desire to improve the education of the Principality of Wales. (Cheers.) Mr. Gladstone, in reply, suidhe was very much touched by the appeal that had oeen made by the Bishop cf St. Asaph, and was fully alive to tile importance of the sub- ject upon which he had spoken. In this country, happily, they were not bound to set up sharp distinctions of na- tionnlity; at the same time, he was obliged to echo the words of the Bishop, and to say that he did not think either the State or the public thought that the nation- ality of Wales had, upon the whole, obtained a perfect, just, and due recognition. They had by their Society achieved a good deal, and he rejoiced to think that the Bishop of St. Asaph and others would encourage them in their work; but there was much to be done in order to develope freely those abundant capabilities for every kind of excellence which were freely scattered over the whole length aud breadth of Wales. This was his deli- berate and impartial opinion, and he earnestly- hoped that he might be allowed to co-operate with the Bishop and others for the pmp03c of giving effect to his views. (Loud cheers.) As the right hon. gentleman left the theatre the au- dience again rose and warmly cheered him.
| THE INUNDATED COLLIERY.
THE INUNDATED COLLIERY. The inquest on the bodies of the men killed in the late accident at the Tynewydd pit was resumed on Tuesday at the Rheola Hotel, Porth, before Mr. Coroner Overton. Mr. Leresche attended from the Home Office. The evi- dence of the witnesses heard at the first inquiry7 was then read over in their presence for the information of Mr. Leresche. Thomas Morgans was then cross-examined by Mr. eresche. He said that the old workings contained water. He knew when he worked in Hind's pit. from which the water came before that was abandoned, that it made water. Mr. David Thomas, the surveyor to the colliery, stated that on the 14th of December last he measured Oat- ridge's stall and found that it was 44 yards from the boundary of Hind's pit and 14 yards from where the fault would be if it continued the same course as when struck in the neighbouring heading. tOp. to the day of the inundation this heading had been driven in 44 yards. There were several stalls running parallel with Oatridge's heading, but the nearest of those stalls was 95 yards away In answer to 1\1". Simons. wibess stated that since the accident occurred it bad been discovered that his prede- cessor had made a mistake in measuring, and that t!.« deep heading from which the measurement-of Oatridge's heading was made was 16 yards and a half further from the boundary than shown on the plan. In answer to the learned counsel witness stated that he had no reason for his supposition that the water drained from Hind's pit into Cymmmer lower pit, and that he never had any- con- versation with the manager about any kind of barrier between the Tynewydd and Hind's pit. Mr. John Thomas, assistant to last witness, stated that be surveyed the Tynewydd pit on behalf of Mr. Thomas. He had concluded before this accident occured that there was a curve in the fault, and that this was the reason it bad not been struck, at a distance of 14 yards. George Oat ridge, in cross-examination, stated that on the last days he was working in the stall through which water came there were signs of water in the coal, and there were slips in the coal. The appearance of slips indi- cated, he thought, that he was approaching the long-expec- ted fault, and he concluded that the water came from the fault. He had told Richard Howells, the under overman, that water came through the coal, but when he looked for the water none appeared. On one occasion, during a conversation he had with Mr. Thomas, the manager, some months before the accident happened, Mr. Thomas told him that there was water ahead of him, but that he would strike into a fault before he came to where the water was. It was about nine months ago this conversa- tion was held. and it arose in consequence of his saying that some water oozed from the bottom. Between 2 and 3 o'clock on the day of the accident, he observed water coming from the coal, and had cut 2ft. 9in. under the coa'l when he caJled the overman's attention to the water.. He left the working half an hour before the inundation occurred. It has transpired since that this witness had cut under the coal to within six inches of the water, which after he left broke through and drowned the colliery. The inquest was then adjourned. A "W elshman" writes on May 15:— Sums, altogether reaching a large figure, have been subscribed bjT the public for the colliers who were engaged in the brave rescue of their entombed fellows at the Ty- newydd Colliery. All who have studied the heroism of this event know that, whoever else may be entitled t have the Albert Medal and a share in the sums sub- scribed, three working colliers, Isaac Pride. Abraham Dodd. and Gwilyn Thomas, deserve the highest place of honours in connexion with this gallant rescue, and I am proud to say that they have said nothing about their own deeds, while others have come forward to claim the honour that is due to them. Of brave young Dodd. called Happy Dodd,' a sad story is now told. Last Saturday he was working in the Ynishir Pit. in the Rhondda Valley, when there was an explosion of fire- damp. Three men were badly burnt, and Happy Dodd' was the worst burnt of the three. I thought this poor ellow had earned a brief holiday by his brave deed: uut I suppose not a penny of the public money has yet reached him. Like a hero he does a brave deed and is content, but here, while the nation is talking about him and subscribing for him, be is nearly burnt to death." The inquest on the Tynewydd miners was resumed on Wednesday, at Porth. Plans of the pit were exhibited, and Mr. Peet, of the Cymmer Coal Company, had a trac- ing of the Harnes Pit which showed they had worked within two yards of the boundary. As it apperred the overmen could not read or write, a question was raised as to the witness, but the Government inspector thought he was only bound to give his report verbally.—Richard Howells, the overman, was examined, and stated that on the day of the accident he measured the quantity of work. Oatridge bad done during the previous fortnight, in order to make up accounts. Oatridge told him the coal was getting weaker, and said there were drops of water there, but they could not find the water there when they went to look for it. Her was told by the surveror they were bound to meet a fault before they would come to the water. He always trusted to Mr. Thomas.—The en- quiry was adjourned.
[No title]
Lieut.-Colonel Sir John Stepney Cowell-Stepr.ey, Bart., K.H., died at his residence, 5' St. George's-place, Hyde- park corner, on Tuesday morning. The gallant officer was the son of the late General Andrew Cowell, of the Coldstream Guards by Maria Justinia, youngest daughter of the late Sir Thomas Stepney, Bart., of Llanelly, and was born in 1791. He was a D.L. and J.P. for Carmar- thenshire, of which county he Mas High Sherriff in 1SG2, and he represented the Carmarthen District from lSGS until the last general election, sitting in the Liberal in- terest. He voted in 1869 for the disestablishment of the Irish Church. He received the honour of a baronetcy in 1871. Sir John is succeeded in the title by his second son of his second wife, Emile Algernon Arthur Keppell Cowell-Stepney, born in 1833,
. SWANSEA HARBOUri TRUST.
SWANSEA HARBOUri TRUST. A monthly meeting of the members of the Swansea Harbour Trust was held at the Guildhall on Monday. There were present:—Mr. Starling Beuson: in the chair), Mr. G. B. Strick. Mr. W. H. Francis. Mr. Thomas Glas- brook, Mr. F. A. Yeo. and Mr. F. Price. The minutes of the past meeting were read and con- firmed. FIX AX C E. The Clerk read the report of the Finance Committee for the past month, of which the following is a sum- mary- General Harbour Estate. INCOME. £ s. d. E d. Shipping Rates 4 8 KtLt-s on Goods fiui 3 i! Bridge Tolls 2-~l 16 10 Ballast Rates 70 14 10 Rent of Harbour Railway 250 0 0 Low Level Railway 47 IS 10 Canal Lock Toils 4 15 2 Wharfage and Cranenge 90 5 10 Sundry Rents 244 7 2 3309 G EXPEXL'ITCKE. In.tere.st. 1901 11 7 Wages 7u5 14 11 Ballast. 20S 14 10 Salaries. 154 12 9 Stores 0 0 0 Monthly Bills GOO 4 3 Rents, Rates, kc (J7 5 2 ————— 3015 3 G .£1:11 o 1 South_"DocJcs Estate. ——————— INCOME. Rates on GOOtlS 130 5 0 Ballast Rates 1G9 18 9 Rent of Wharves and Coal-drops 11G 13 4 Extra Layerage Dues. 11 15 4 Wharfage, Craneage, & Railway 510 IS 5 Sundries. 99 0 0 —————— 10G4 10 10 EXPENDITURE. Interest. ;)10 3 7 Wages 131 2 9 Ballast 132 12 S Salaries. 51 16 11 Monthly Bills 219 14 11 Rents, Rates, \rc 0 0 0 ————— 1045 12 10 £ 1S 18 0 In the aosence of Mr. Charles Bath (chairman of the finance committee), Mr. Starling Benson, chairman of the Trust, moved the adoption of the committee's report. He said there was nottiing that demanded any remark except that the work- ing of the whole harbour for the past month showed a small surplus, though not so much as the corresponding month of last year. There was one item in the monthly bill which might appear large, namely, the item for steel rails. The Trust had been paying for steel rails so much per month, but. as they had now been all delivered, the Trust had paid for the whole at once. and had thereby i) obtained a discount. The iten.s which were diminished, in the revenue of the mouth, as compared with thejpast months, were such items as betokened the slackness of trade -crane;,ge. quay dues, tolls, &c. On the other hand the ballast returns, from which next month's trade might be estimated, were larger than usual. Therefore they seemed to be holding their own, and their prospects seemed fair. Mi Vt. 11. 1 rancis secoadud the report and it was adopted. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. In moving the adoption of the report of the Execu- tive Committee, the chairman said it dealt prin- cipally with the usual payments for the work of extending the West Pier. The main piles had now been driven to within forty feet of the pro- posed end of the Pier. and, as he had stated at the last meeting, the work would be completed at a less cost than the estimate. Yv'ithin the next few months, the Trustees would ha\e to consider the question of dredging the entrance to the harbour. The work of dredging had now been carried on within the harbour nearly to the depth of the cillof the North Dock, and when that depth had been attained inside and outside, the question would arise whether the Trust would be justified in spending money to attain a greater depth at present. It would be of no use to be able to admit into the harbour vessels which were too deep to pass over the cills of the docks. This question would arise in a few months. Mr. Thomas Glasbrook drew attention to the items in the monthly bills, and said he thought tenders ought to be received before the purchases were made. The Chairman and Mr. G. B. Strick assured Mr. Glasbrook that the affairs of the Trust were carried out by- the Superintendent in the most economical manner, Of course they could not advertise for tender:? for every small thing they required, but prices were obtained from different houses, compared, and then selected. The Executive Committee's minutes were then adopted, and the meeting came to a close.
IMPORTANT TO THE TIX-PLATE…
IMPORTANT TO THE TIX-PLATE TRADE. TLe appeal case of Flowers v. Lloyd came before Lord Coldridge. Lord Justice James, and Lord Justice Baggally, in the Court of Appeal, 011 Tuesday. This was an appeal from the decision of Vice-Chancellor Bacon granting an injunction to restain the defendant from decorating tin-plates by a process which his lord- ship held to be an infringement of the patent right of the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs, F. W. and W. Flowers carry on business at Neath, South Wales, under the tit:é of the Tin-plate Decorating Company, and they hold a patent for printing tin and terne plate for the purpose of manufacturing ornamental biscuit boxes, tea-caddies, lamps, and other similar articles, and thus superseding the old and more expensive mode of making such articles under which they were first made up, and afterwards ornamented by hand. Messrs. Flowers were assigness of a patent for tin-plates for labels in 1864, taken out by a Mi. Godge, and in 1869 they themselves took out the patent which was the subject of this action, and which was described in their specification as for "improve- ments in the method of producing impressions upon tin and terne plates and sheets of metal, and also in ovens." The defendant was formerly the agent of the plaintiffs, but in 1875 began to manufacture for himself, and the plaintiffs considering that he was infringing their patent, brought this action. The infringment complained of was only in respect of the mode of printing, and did not extend to the ovens for drying. The plaintiffs claimed a patent right in a combination of printing a direct impression, with suitable heat-resisting ink. drying by heat, varnishing with proper varnish, and drying a second time by heat: and the specification contained the fol- lowing words, which were very much relied on by the defendant:— It should be observed that while printing on the plates, and while applying the inks for this kind of impression, the stone is not treated with water." The defendant used a wet process, and contended, first, that there was no novelty in the mode of printing if the wet process were used; and, further. that his manu- facture was not within the terms of the specification, which, as he read it. claimed only the dry process. It was argued, however, on behalf of the plaintiffs, that the specification clearly showed that the manufacture could be carried on by the wet process but merely in- dicated what was the fact, that the dry was the superior process for this kind of printing. The Yice-Chancellor decided first, that the plaintiff's invention was both new and useful: and. secondly, upon the construction of the specification that the defendant's process was covered by the terms of the indictment; and his lordship having accordingly granted an injunction restraining the de- fendant from manufacting and selling plates prepared and decorated in contravention of what was held to be the plaintiff's right, the defendant appealed. Sir H. Jackson, Q.C., Mr. Marriot, Q.C.. and Mr. De Castro appeared for the appellant: and Mr. Kay. Q.C. Mr. Aston, Q.C.. and Mr. Maerory for the respondent. At the close of the argument their lordships consulted for a few minutes, and Lord Justice James announced that the Court would dispose of the case on Friday (to-day).
[No title]
At Merthyr, on Monday. Mr. Hedlington Kirkhouse for many years manager of the Ironstone Mines to Mr Robert Crawshay. of Cyfarthfa Ironworks, appeared to an adjourned hearing of a summons issued against him by Mr. Wa'es, Inspector of Mines for South Wales, in which he was charged with contravening one of the general rules under the Mines Regulation Act. whereby an accident occurred resulting in the loss of a miner's life. The magistrates held the charge to be proved, and inflicted on defendant a fine of £ 5. DR. DE WITT TALMAGE ON MARRIAGE.—Many young men, have not only la field of work to choose, but also a wife. The world is full of honest, intelligent, attractive women but there is one especially adapted to you. Be sure that you find her. It is not better now, than in the beginning, that man should be alone. Tour usefulness, your happiness, and your heaven, will depend upon your making no mistake. I know we laugh upon these subjects we feel merry when wc talk about them but when a man marries, he marries either for heaven or hell: A minister going through life with a tuft of mil- linery and tittle-tattle hanging on his arm. excites my coinmisseration. But a man of God with a companion properly chosen, will march right on to magnificent success. There are men in the ministry to-day who are achieving great things for G-od—they have not any very wonderful talent; the true secret of their success is They have the right kind of companionship at home. (Applause.) One of the best ministers I ever knew had all his usefulness spoiled by the fact that he had a wife wbo was in the habit at the supper table of losing her patience with her husband at the other end of the table, and of punctuating her remarks by a hot biscuit or a cup of tea discharged at his head. (Laughter.) The greatness of John W esley was not more attested by his Herculean work than by the fact that he survived the perpetual assaults of a vixen. The worst boil that Job had was his wife. Yet many theological students are cauaht for life by the lasso of a curl belonging to some one who knows only just enough to appear sweet while some one is looking May the God who setteth the solitary in fami- lies, set you down in the right place. WATERS' QUININE W INE—For Sixteen Years has been universally admitted to be the best Tonic known, and a useful and agreeable accompaniment to Cod Liver OiL We can bear personal testimony to its value as a tonic." —Standard. Agents for Tony Pandy near Pontypridd, George Knill. grocer W. Bowen, grocer, wine and spirit merchant, Knighton, Radworth; John Aaron, grocer, wine and spirit merchant, and draper, Pontardulais. E. Fhillips, draper, grocer, &c., Caerphilly. Glamorgan. Wholesale Waters and Son 34, Eastcheap, London; Lewis and Co., Worcester^