Weekly Mail

rUE CONTEST AT OLDHAM. MR. J. M. MACLEAN'S ELECTION ADDRESS. :.Ir, J. M. Maclean, of Chiswick, part proprietor 41111 special London correspondent of the Western has issued his address as Conservative can- Idltte for the borough of Oldham. Mr. Maclean i,R formerly editor and proprietor of the Bombay ?i:nte. On nis return to England he accepted an ^itation to contest the Elgin Boroughs in tha onservative interest against, Mr. Grant Duff, and hougi) defeated, as, under the circumstances, v/as jJJlly expected, his conduct was so appreciated, by q heads of the party that he was elocted member of the Carlton Club, and, has s!Qce, on several successive occasions,, been pected a member of the Council of the .Antral Union of Conservative Associations, an pQour very highly esteemed, and to which the flowing local gentlemen were admitted at the v^ent meeting of the association at Newport:— J. 8. Hopkins, Lord Emlyn, M.P., Mr. A. E. b?uthall. the Hon. Col, Morgan, M..P., and Mr. 0%vel Gwvn. In his address Mr. M.nclean asks :— Will the constituencies reverse on appeal the r'Herice of condemnation pronounced upon the Government by Mr. Gladstone's own House of VOQUEons, chosen in 1880 to exf/cute his will, but b;1ven to abandon him by the series of disastrous Anders which marked the whole course of his ^ministration, and filled every patriotic heart 't'l shame? Short indeed must be the memory. d boundless the credulity, of a nation that could Fve a fresh lease of power to the man who months ago fle-J from office, leaving gland enfeebled i j her resources, crippled her strength, sliorn of her prestige, the 1.1 OCkery of her nvajs, the scorn of her enemies, l)eqU;Ll even to thr) defence of the Indian frontier °hr Empire whon threatened by foreign aggres- J*11- I am pror.d to belong to the Torty party cause I recog'.iise in Lord Salisbury a Minister le and willing to uphold a strong national and Perial policy in foreign affairs. The spirit of erPiise w/hich created our Empire and made his groat, and which Mr. Gladstone has done •noASt 'fePress and extinguish, will receive due the Ura £ r-'Tnent at the hands of his successor, and rfc PreS(«it Government will not shrink from the ^.P^S'ibility of both keeping a firm hold on the JVJ. nS possessions of the Crown and opening, if Pra £ >tic«ble, new markets for the benefit [i '■Jiglish industry and commerce. The effects of prolonged depression in trade have been o^here more severely felt than in Oldham, 1 am. convinced that the wage-earn- class indignantly resent the rude re- tsal of the Oldliam Chamber of Commerce to help tj e Royal Commission appointed by the Conserva- tlT6 ^overnment in its inquiry into the causes of depression of trade and the means wherebv it Q ay be remedied. Not satisfied with the harm to our commerce by an impotent foreign the Radicals have now put forward a pPo- 3 at&me of home policy based on the immoral J^trine that the poor, having acquired power, f,0l>ld use it witiiout scruple to plunder the rich, k 6 wild projects of change urged by Mr. Cham- £ t ain tend to set class against class, to unsettle '^it, to impoverish agriculture by frightening k Pital from investment in landed property, and, bp drying up the sources of national pros- to make the prospects of trade worse 's tk better. Believing, as I do, that the State v he worst of all possible landlords, I am strongly titPOsed to any scheme for enabling local autho- ^>l<v *° Purc^ase land for division into small IJ^ngs. Everyone regrets the extinction of the yeomanry, but the consolidation of small «into larger ones is an economical process if jfch has been going on for centuries in spite requent laws passed to restrain it. I incline ^nally to the opinion that the best chance of Rasing the number of persons directly inte- in the land lies in the application to agri- Vk- re of that principle of voluntary co-operation has achieved so much success in other jiU^strial enterprises. But, in order to give free 10 systems of agriculture, I would gladly for suah changes in the land laws as are re- to make the transfer of land cheap and •d Witli regard to the proposal that education ^6 l^^tary schools should be wholly paid for by ^j5tp»te, 1 readily grant that there is much to be V? its favour, if it can be carried into effect Ut PrejU(3ice to Voluntary Schools. But it is that the object of Mr. Chamberlain and his _nd8 is to break down the denominational Mu an^ 60 substitute secular fol- religious Option. These men are really wftging war lo lQst liberty of conscience. What we have tt dread in these days is the intolerance W secularism, which, if not strenuously 0{^ted, will destroy the religious character t»f ^Ur Voluntary Schools. It is the peculiar glory I¡tio tlglish civilisation that in this country re- has kept itself closely allied with the pro- inte^'gence °f the age. The divorce Christianity and the • modern spirit,' is working so much social mischief else- has not yet been accomplished in England, ^ill it be so long as the English people eliag to too^ftogious training of their children as a priceless Hussion. If returned to Parliament, 1 shall Vfastly oppose the Disestablishment or Dis- j w«*ent ef the Established Churches of Eug-' land and Scotland. I am in favour of extending the powers and simplifying the administration of Local Government. But I hold that the object of legislation should be to jealously guard individual liberty, except where it plainly conflicts with the welfare of the State. I look, therefore, with sus- picion on schemes which, under the specious disguise of conceding Local Option, would limit the freedom of capable citizens. The moderate use of stimulants is wholesome and beneficial, and I could not vote for giving a majority of the population in any locality authority to prohibit the sale of alcoholic liquors, and so to deprive the minority of the right to drink whatever beverage they like. The Irish question remains now as it was at the last General er' Election, the chief difficulty that English politi- cians have to face. That the union between Great Britain and Ireland must be maintained is the un- animous opinion of the English people. Nor can I bring myself to believe that a majority of the Irish people are really of the other way of thinking. To reconcile Irish patriotism with attachment to the English connection, and to place the union of the two countries on an imperishable basis of material interest and mutual goodwill, should be the constant aim of English statesmen."

THE RHONDDA DIVISION. MR. F. L. DAVIS' AT YNYSHIR. Mr. F. L. Davis, the Liberal Association candi- date for the Rhondda Division, addressed a public meeting at Ynyshir schoolroom, Rhondda Each Valley, on Tuesday evening. The building was crowded. Mr. Jenkin Howell, Aberdare, presided. Mr. F. L. DAVIS, the candidate, having delivered his address, Mr. JOHN GRIFFITHS, collier, Ynyshir, asked if they were to understand that Mr. Davis put him- self forward as a labour candidate. (Applause and interruption.) Mr. DAVIS replied Yes." (Laughter and distur- bance.) Mr. GRIFFITHS: Is it true-are we to understand it is true that the tradesmen and mechanics at Ferndale are working twelve hours a day. Mr. DAVIS; I cannot answer that question. Mr. GKIFFITHS Are you in favour of weekly payments ? Mr. DAVIS: At Ferndale we practically pay weekly; every week there is a small M draw." A man gets then what is due to him with the excep- tion of a couple of shillings. Mr. GRIFFITHS: Are you in favour of working- men's Co-operative Stores ? (Applause.) Mr. DAVIS: That is not a question for me. It is your business. That is a question for the men, and I leave that to you. (Applause.) Mr. GRIFFITHS 1 have been informed that the firm (the company) is directly against Mabon and any of his supporters having a meeting at Ferndale. (Applause.) Mr. DAVIS: Allow me to say that at Ferndale we shall take no measures to prevent him. A Mason, whose name did not transpire, asked if Mr. Davis was in favour of affirmation ? Mr. DAVIS: Certainly. Asked if he was in favour of the abolition of the House of Lords, Mr. DAVIS said he preferred Lord Rosebery's plan, to try a scheme of reform, and if that would not do let them do away with the House of Lords. Mr. TIMOTHY DATIES; collier, in Welsh; proposed a vote of confidence in Mr. Davis as a candidate. (Applause and cries of "Mabon.") Mr. HENRY RICHARDS, collier. Ferndale. seconded. The resolution was then put to the meeting, when a large majority voted against it. The CHAIRMAN, however, declared the resolution carried by a great majority. The meeting was then declared to be at an end. MR. F. L. DAVIS AT FERNDALE. The Liberal candidate for the Rhondda Division. (Mr. F. L. Davis) addressed a largely-attended meeting at Ferndale on Monday evening. There was a demonstration prior to the meeting, the can- didate being escorted about Ferndale by a large number of people carrying lighted torches. The meeting was presided over by Mr. Timothy Davies.—A resolution of confidence in Mr. Glad- stone and his colleagues was proposed by Mr. Thomas, seconded by Mr. Richard Evans, and supported by the Rev. L. Young and Mr. F. L. Davis.—The candidate, in the course of his address, said he had been asked to say a few words about the constitution of the Liberal Three Hundred. The objection to it, he understood, was that the colliers were not pronerk- represented on the Three Hundred. Now, 180 find some odd were colliers, and hardly 120 on that Three Hundred represented all the o'cher classes in the district. (Applause.) He repeated the state- ments previously made as to no objections having been raised to the Three Hundred before the selec- tion of a candidate. He could Mot understand how Mr. Abraham's supporters cou'.d complain, because they made their candidate oiyt to be a very dis- honourable man in allowing fr/s name to be put on the list when they knew all the time that the body was not properly constituted. (Applause.)—The resolution was carried, as a'tso was a vote of con- fidence in Mr. Davis as a. candidate, in support of which several speeches were delivered. MABON AT MAERDY. Mr. Abraham addressed a crowded meeting at the Sion Baptist drape!, Maerdy, on Saturday evening. Mr. W. Davies, tailor and draper, occu- piedthe chair.—Mr. D. Lewis, collier, moved the first resolution, expressing confidence in Mr. Gladstone and his colleaguc, fwd a desire to see in the new Parliament a fair proportion of direct labour representatives.—Mr. C. Moses, collier, seconded the resolution, which was supported by Mr. N Evans and Mr. Watson. MABON," on rising to support the resolution, was received with continued cheering. After con- tradicting some false statement that had been made respecting him by a member of the Three Hundred aV a meeting recently held by his op- ponents, lia proceeded to deal with the questions of taxation, and complained bitterly of the unjust taxation, of the working men's food,cocoa,coffee, tea, currants, beer, tobacco, &c. He quoted Professors Jevons. and Levi's figures, as proving that families that have the smallest income pay the largest proportion of taxes, and Mr. Gladstone, tlmt, three-fourths of the Customs and Excise Duties are raised from people so poor that the great majority are compelled to spend all their earnings in the bare necessaries of existence. 'Jut in the new Parliament he thought somehow they (the labouring classes) would have their innings—(cheers)—especially if the majority of the 24 labour candidates now before the country were returned. (Cheers.) A vote of confi- dence in Mr. Abraham, and pledging the meeting to support Mr. Abraham's candidature and to return him at the coming election, was carried.

SIR HUSSEY VIVIAN'S CANDIDATURE. MEETING AT LANDORE. A fairly-large number of persons assembled at Siloh Chapel, Landore, on Wednesday evening to support the candidature of Sir Hussey Vivian, Bart., M.P. for the Swansea District. Mr. Coun- cillor Freeman presided. Sir HUSSEY VIVIAN, in supporting a resolution of confidence in Mr. Gladstone, spoke for little more than an hour. He argued that the Liberals had for generations past fought for religious freedom in spite of the opposition of Tory Governments. The Conserva- tives were the primary cause of the Egyptian and Transvaal muddles. He said that the Liberals were not desirous, as had been stated, of allowing India to perish and the colonies to be dis- membered. He contended, furthermore, that there, was a necessity for a reform of Parliamentary procedure in order that the Bills o the majority might not be blocked, and that the House of Lords was in need of reform, so that it might be made a representative Chamber. He was in favour of the compulsory acqiurement of land for the purposes of allotment, but he did not agree with the creation of peasant proprietors. He was entirely in accord with the introduction of Free Education, believing that theological dogmas would not interfere with its success. He was also in accord with the disestablishment and disendowment of the Church, because he was of opinion that such a measure would benefit the Church and the country. SIR J. J. JENKINS, M.P., AND MR. W. R. H. POWELL, M.P., AT KIDWELLY". On Saturday afternoon last Mr. T. W. A. Evans (Rumsev House) presided over a meeting in sup- port of the candidature of Mr. W. R. H. Powell held at the Town-hall, Kidwelly. The atten- dance was somewhat meagre, and there was a significant absence of farmers. A resolution of confidence in Mr. Gladstone and his late colleagues was supported by Sir JOHN JONES JENKINS, who commented upon what he described as the inconsistency of Lord Randolph Churchill in respect to the franchise question. The one-hundred-million Budget of the late Government, he contended, was" inclusive of items of extraordinary expenditure necessitated in order to allay the panic caused by the alleged bad condition of the Navy. Mr. Gladstone, in pro- posing to defray the whole of this during the current year, had acted in harmony with sound economical principles. In regard to the land ques- tion, he declared'himself favourable to the aboli- tion of the laws of entail and primogeniture, and deemed it desirable that leaseholders should tif • e^ak'.e<? either to buy the fee simple of their dwellings absolutely or hold them under a perpetual lease, it was imperative that some- thing should be done to simplify the transfer of land. Mr. W. R. H. POWELL spoke of the pressing need there was for reform in the Land Laws, and then passed under review the statements made by Lord Emlyn at a recent Conservative meeting, dealing more particularly with those referring to the financial policy of the late Government. COLONEL MORGAN, M.p., AND MR. J. A. ROLLS, M.P., AT MONMOUTH. A public meeting was held in the Borouoh Court. Monmouth, on Monday afternoon, when* Colonel Morgan, M.P., addressed his constituents. Mr George Griffin Griffin presided. Mr. J. A. ROLLS, M.P., in the course of his address, said the Liberals had told the working classes they should have free land. free education, and perhaps they would next be promised free bread and butter. (Applause and laughter.) How. ever, he did not think any there would be such fools as to believe in such vain promises. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Chamberlain—(hisses)—had no land, but had amassed a great fortune out of the sweat of the brows of the working men, and had done nothing for them. Colonel MORGAN, who met with a very warm reception, said that under Lord Salisbury the feeling of security in the country had been restored, which had been lost by the Jate Government. After denouncing the land question as pre- posterous and impracticable, he passed on to the question of Disestablishment, and said both him- self and Mr. Rolls would stand or fall on the safety of the Church. (Applause.) A resolution pledging the meeting to use every legal means to return Colonel Morgan was carried unanimously. In answer to Mr. E. Jones, Colonel MORGAN said he would vote for the exclusion of Monmouthshire from the Welsh Education Bill, and for the restitu- tion of 100 free boys at Monmouth Grammar School. (Applause.) MR. T. CORDES AND LOCAL OPTION Further correspondence has passed between Mr. William Jones, as representing the Independent Order of Good Templars at Newport, and Mr. Thomas Cordes on the subject of Local Option. Mr. Carbutt, M.P., has already signified his uncon- ditional approval of Sunday Closing and Local Option. Mr. Cordes, however, asked in a previous communication to have the meaning of the scheme termed Local Option'' more clearly defined than has hitherto been the case, and expressed his con- currence in the view taken by Lord Salisbury at Newport on the licensing question. To this Mr. Jones has replied that the sole point in Local Option is that the liquor traffic shall not be thrust into localities contrary to the will of the inhabitants, either by magistrates, mixed or other boards, or by any men or set.of men whatever. And to secure that this shall be the case, it demands for the ratepayers in each locality the power to forbid by a direct vote the issue or renewal of licences within the locality." To this Mr. Cordes has replied:— Even now you leave a great deal obscure as to the meaning of Local Option," no definition of what is meant by localities," no method indicated as to how the vote of the ratepayers is to be obtained and you also seem to forget that all the inhabitants as well as the ratepayers are interested in the ques- tion and, above all, no mention is made of any compensation to existing interests. As I asked you before, why is the subject not, embodied in a Bill. Then we should have some chance oi under- standing it. My position is somewhat this. In the consumption of alcoholic liquors there is nothing in itself wrong it is both ^auctioned and counselled in Holy Scriptures. It is only in their consumption to excess that there is anything wrong. By what, authority, then, divine or moral, have lCO people the right to with- hold from 99 people that which is not in itself wrong? If the rijfht is once conceded that on all subjects the majority have a right to control the minority, it would follow that when a majority were so disposed they might withhold from the minority the use of all non- alcoholic drinks, and compel them only to drink beer or spirits. This is, no doubt. absurd, but it, is logically cor- rect, and shows the absurdity of putting the millority in such matters at the mercy of the majority. The truth is that the use of alcoholic liquors should be regulated, and not absolished. MR. H. G. ALLEN, Q.C., AND MR. W DAVIES AT PEMBROKE DOCK. A large meeting was held in the Temperance- hall, Pembroke Dock, on Monday evening, addressed by both the borough and county members. Mr. Isaac Smedley presided over the meeting. Mr. ALLEN reviewed the doings of the late Administration, and urged the meeting to support a Liberal Government and return those who would watch over their interests as had been done in the past. He had nothing to say against. Admiral Mayne, the newly-selected Conservative candidate, only that there had evidently been a mistake made by the Carlton Club in sending him as a candidate for the Pembroke Boroughs. Mr. DAVI.ES urged on the electors the necessity of being u/iited, and he had no fear as to the result. of being united, and he had no fear as to the result. Mr. W. E. SECCOIBE proposed and Mr. PEREGRINE seconder!—. That £ his_ meeting continues to entertain the utmost confidence in their borough and county members, viz., Mr. H. G, Allen, Q.C., and Mr, W. Davies, and pledges itself to use all legitimate means to ensure their triumphant return to the next Parliament. This was carried unanimously, and the two gentlemen returned thanks. The Rev. W. EVANS proposed and Mr. W. DAVIES seconded:— That this meeting continues to entertain the most entire confidence in Mr. Gladstone and his colleagues in the late Administration, and is convinced that in the Liberal policy of the future, as indicated in Mr. Glad- stone's Manifesto, would again be found the best guarantee of the progress and prosperity of the nation. This was also unanimously carried, and a vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the meeting. MR. MUNDELLA. Mr. Mundella, M.P., on Monday night addressed his constituents at Sheffield, and was cordially received. He reviewed the seventeen years of his connection with the borough, and, alluding, amongst other reforms, to the granting of household suffrage in the boroughs, said it had resulted iu a quickened national conscience, which demanded that our policy should harmonise with Christian principles. The extension of the county franchise, like other Liberal measures, met with protracted opposition, bur, none of these had been attempted to be reversed. He was against an aggressive Colonial policy, but did not object to a legitimate expansion of the Empire. And on the question of Colonial federation he was one with Lord Rosebery and Mr. Forstor. Neither Germany nor any other European Power would encroach with impunity on the limits of our great Australasian Colonies", and they would not long tolerate in that vicinity a form of government hostile to their own. As to Liberal differences, there were more differences on the Tory side, and he appealed to the electors to send to Parliament, members pledged to maintain its dignity, its traditions, and its usefulness. MR. W. H, SMITH. The Secretary for War, Mr. W. II. Smith, addressed an enthusiastic meeting at Dorking on Tuesday in support of the candidature of Sir Trevor Lawrence for the Reigate Division of Surrey. The Public-hall was crowded. The Right Hon. G. Cuhitt occupied the chair. Mr. W. H. SMITH said each individual elector had n responsibility which he could not divest himself of, and he urged them to exercise discretion and judgment in discharging the duty imposed upon them. Sir William Harcourt, speaking the other day at Derby, could only use the argument that the Tories had got a bad name and the Liberals a good one. His answer to that was, what had they done during the last five years ? They had 150 majority, with which, with moderation and with common sense, they could have accomplished anything the most ardent Liberal desired. What had been the result? What had become of the influence of England in the council of Europe ? What was the cause of the resignation of the late Government? It was because they were glad to escape from difficulties which they had created. What promise was there for the future ? Was there one member of the late Government who had agreed with the other? It was the duty of the Government to ascertain what caused the depres- sion in trade and legislate for the advantage of the whole community. LORD JOIIX MANNER-. Lord John Manners commenced his election campaign in the Melton Division of Leicestershire on Tuesday by addressing a crowded audience in the Corn Exchange, Melton. His lordship, who was fre- quently interrupted, and spoke amid continued interruption, contended that the Liberals had no policy on the question of Church Disestablish- ment. that the scheme of peasant proprietors as stated by Mr. Chamberlain would not be beneficial to the country, and that in other countries it was maintained only by extraordinary protective duties. A vote of confidence was carried by a large majority. MR. FORSTER. Mr. Forster, accepting the candidature for the Central Division of Bradford, declares himself a supporter of all the points in Mr. Gladstone's programme, aud doubts whether anyone but Mr Gladstone could carry a real reform of procedure or of the land laws, or could establish a really good system of local government. LORD ROSEBERY AND THE HOUSE OF LORDS. Lord Rosebery, speaking at Wrexham on Mon- day night, advocated the reform of the House of Lords. He favoured the principle of delegation, would admit representatives of the Colonies, and would give peers the option of declining to become members of the Upper Chamber. He himself favoured a Second Chamber, but was prepared to accept its abolition if the people so determined. MR. CHAMBERLAIN'S ADDRESS. Mr. Chamberlain has issued his address to the electors of the Western Division of Birmingham. He expresses himself confident that the inclusion of the whole people in the work of government will compel a larger measure of attention to social questions which ought to be the first object of the Liberal policy. LORD JOHN MANNERS' ADDRESS. The Postmaster-General, in his election address, compares the result of the last Liberal Administra- tion with that of the Conservatives since their accession to power, and says he would support a change of the fiscal system on the basis of free admission of Indian and colonial produce and moderate duties on foreign imports. He doe; not believe agricultural prosperity will be restored by the reform of the Land Laws. lie supports the I Church Establishment, au independent House of Lords, and the freedom of the Commons. He hopes a County Government measure will soon be passed, and thinks that education fees should not be exacted from those who cannot afford to pay them. THE MARQUESS OF LORNE. The Marquess of Lome, addressing a crowded and enthusiastic public meeting on Wednesday night at the South Hampstead b Working Men's Club, advocated free education, and was in favour of the State advancing money to local authorities on securities for the purchase of allotments and farms for sale to small purchasers. He was also in favour of extending local government in Ireland and would encourage her industries, but the Imperial Government should retain the control of the police and other armed forces. He was opposed to manhood suffrage, but was in favour of the Affirmation Bill, a Second Chamber, and marriage with a deceased wife's sister. ACTION OF THE IRISH NATIONAL LEAGUE. The report of the Executive of the National League of Great Britain, to be submitted at the annual Convention in Glasgow next Saturday, shows that it is self-supporting, and that there are 240 branches, and in no constituency in England or Scotland are the Irish electors pledged to any candidates, the electors having pledged themselves to await the advice of the Executive and to act on it.

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"A DIARY OF THE OLADSTONE GOVERNMENT." This is the title of an illustrated pamphlet which has just been issued by Messrs. Blackwood and Sons. It records the chief events in the career of the late Government, and supplies telling commen. taries op. each. The illustrations are cleverly drawn and of a highly-amusing character. The following are fair samples of the literary part of the publication:— April 23,1880.—After coquetting with Lords Granville and Hartington, the G.O.M., at the age of seventy, becomes Prime Minister and Chancellor of the Ex- chequer. [In 1873 this Past-his-Prime Minister said, How little real good work any Premier has done after the age of sixty and in 1860 he refused office to Earl liussell, on the ground that Lord John was seventy-iix years old. He himself is seventy-five years of age, and the same G.O.M. who intimated his retirement from the Leadership of the Liberal Party on the 18th of April, 1867; his more iiiial retirement on the 12th of March, 1874; and his most final retirement, after defeat, on the 13th of January, 1875.] 25th.—Mr. Joseph Chamberlain, retired Screw-driver and would-be Prime Minister, condescends to accept the office of President of the Board of Trade, and (in uni- form ") takes the oath of allegiance at Windsor. [This is the same Screw-driver who displayed his allegiance to a monarchy by declaring at Birmingham, on the 13th of June, 1883, "The representatives ot royalty were absent and nobody missed them"; and who also, on the 1st of September, 1873, sneered at Mr. Gl vdstone and his col- leagues for 11 wearing the TVind-vor and described them as leaders without policy and statesmen without principle."] 25th.—Mr. John Bright. retired opposerof the Factory Acts and would-be Jjiciator, is also prevailed oil, for the second time, to accept the office of Chancellor of the Duehyof Lancaster. Salary t2,000 per annum. [This is the same" polite letter-writer who said in the House of Commons on the 25th of June, ,851, that this very office was a SINECURE, used a a means of paying off the supporters of a party. and not. at all necessary." J. B. is the same demagogue to whom Lord Palmerston refused office on the ground that he warred against all classes, and had not a spark of an Englishman's feelings in him."] October to December.—Gladstonian meddling iu Ireland begins to bear its fruit. Murder and outrage rampant. Boycotting inaugurated. Mayo proclaimed by the Lord-Lieutenant. January 6, 1881.—Mr. G. announces preparations for measures for the prompt vindication 01 the Queen's authority in the Transvaal. (22tid March. Great inoial victory. The" prompt vindication" is accomplished by a complete surrender to the Boers. Cost, one million.] [11 The British are not naturally a warlike race," thinks President Kruger. I See saw, Margery Daw-Sell mycountry for a straw, See saw, Margery Daw—Partly collar, mostly jaw. 28th.—The G.O.M. coufesses" We have got before usa state of crime widely extended in Ireland." [OJJ the 31st of March, 1880, the G.O.M. had said of Ireland under Lord Beaeonstield :—" There is an abseuce of crime and outrage and a general sense of comfort and eatisfac- tion such as is unknown in the previous history of the coutitry."] February 2.-Another Coercion Bill for Ireland. [25th October, 1S80, Nlr. Chatnberiain says :—" Coercion with the Tories is a policy. With us it is only a hateful inci- rtent." Since 1830, however, the Liberals have passed thirty-eight. Coercion Bills to the Conservatives' eleven.] September i).—Beginning of the Egyptian muddle. Kise of Arabi and the National party in Bgypt, with the ct,3,, 11 Egypt for the Egyptians." [l4tii September, Lord Granville suggests that" two financial experts be sent to suppress a Military rising of people struggling to be free. 'J [Who said in 1879, "1 am disposed to say of Foreign Affairs their great merit, would be to be never heard of"? The same G.O.M. who has given us little else than Foreign Affairs ever since.] May 15, 1882.— More blackmail to law-breakers." Arrears of Rent (Ireland) Bill introduced by the G.O.M., who has accepted office under Mr. Parnell. [20th June, 1S83. Air. Parnell acknowledges at Clones, Every line, every word of it (the Arrears Bill) was drafted by me in Kilmainham Gaol."] *1 Th-jre is a useful little rule I hold before my face, No aid of any kind refuse that, keeps you safe in place." .July 11-13.-More Gladstonian "Peace." Alexandria bombarded. English troops not allowed to land. roo We are not at war," but" engaged in a military operation." W. E. G.] Kesult of the bombardment: Massacre of the inhabitants, and destruction of property to the amount of 4i millions-still unpaid; 1,200 English marines allowed to land—without ammunition. 24tli.—The G.O.M. orders Indian troops to Egypt. [In June, 1878, when Lord Beaconslield proposed to bring Indian troops to Malta, Mr. G. said This strange, out- landish project of employing the Indian army in Europe would be a degradation and a swindle perpetrated by a guardian upon his ward."] December 19.—Mr. Chamberlain (with his mouth stopped by office) describes the G.O.M. as the" NOBLKST figure in English political history. [1st September, lti;73. the san;e M>. Chamberlain (not in office), said that, the same Mr. Gladstone "promulgated through the country the MEANEST public document that has ever proceeded from a statesman of the iirst rank."] February 15, 1884.—Kussia grabs Merv, having in February 15 1884.—Kussia grabs Merv, having in previous Gladstonian Administrations grabbed Bokhara (1870) and Khiva (1873). ["Mr. Gladstone, the only foreign statesman whom the Russians regard with con- fidence and esteem."—Madame de Novikoff in Kussia and England."] 28th.-After four years' delay the Franchise becomes a good umbrella to hide foreign muddles. October 30, 1884.—The badger is drawn" over the Birmingham riots, and Caucus Joe proves his case by the forged affidavits of his friends Larry Mack and Charles Smith, who promptly disappear from public view. [" This business will be remembered against Mr. Cham- berlain for some time to come."—The 1 imes. February 20, 1885.] January 26, 1885.-Fall of Knartoum and death of General Gordon, after a siege of 320 days. ["I say we were not too late; and I am entitled to say so!"—Sir W. Verdant Harcourt, Feb. 26.1835.] [" Atlioi-ouglily useful lie."—J. Bright, Oct. 9, 1884.] March 13. The G.O.M. declares that an AGREE- MENT," subsequently an ARRANGEMENT," and more subsequently t SACRKD COVENANT," that there should be no advance into Afghanistan, had been entered into Iwtween England and Russia. [Next day Lord Granville telegraphs to St. Petersburg to ask if anything is known there of the" sacred covenant." Answer 1, No," W. E. G. apologises :—" In a matter which certainly required verification, it was impossible for me from memory TO MARK AN ACCURATE STATEMENT."] April 16.-10 please the lVlLtgs. the G.O.M. imports 4,200 Indian platelayers to construct the Suakim-Berber ltiiilway. (4th ialay, To please the Radicals, the G.O.M. sends them back again, and sells the railway plant for old iron.] 27th.-10re muddle and apology. The Grand Old Government go on their marrowbones to France over the Rosph re Hgyptien iiasco. 30th.—THE GREATEST BUDGRT OF THE CENTURY—100 MILV.IONS to pay for national humiliation and disaster. DEFICIT—15 MILLIONS, of which 23.808,883 is carried forward unpaid to NEXT financial year. [W. E. G. said: Whatever you do. if you wish for honest and sound finance, you must pay your way."—1st Sept., 1884.] [9th July, 1885, Mr. G.'s First Lord of the Admiralty is found out in a small error of £953,000 (on the wrong side) in the amount expended on the NiLvy.) May 11. After many threats to "smash up the Malidi," the order is given to scuttle from the Soudan after 9.000 English soldiers had been killed or invalided, and 60,000 of theeneiny—cost, 10 millions sterling—with no result except that the Liberal colours receive some new inscriptions Alexandria, El-Teb, Tamasi, Tokar. Sinkat, Khartoum." June4.—Mutiny in the Liberal bnmboat over the ques- tion of Irish Coercion. June S.PLICVATIO-In the absence of the crew, the Grand Old Skipper scuttles the ship to prevent Joseph r-cuttling it the next day. Liberal apology by the absen- tees.

DID MR. GLADSTONE OPPOSE THE ABOLITION OF FLOGGING? IMPORTANT LETTER FROM ADMIRAL MAYNE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE WEEKLY MAIL." Sxn,-I enter most unwillingly into a newspaper correspondence and sur tout with the late Prime Minister; but the publicity which has been given —at his own special suggestion—to his denial of the truth of a statement made by me at Pembroke Dock obliges me to crave equal publicity for this letter. I stated that, Mr. Gladstone was opposed to the abolition of flogging. Mr. Gladstone says not only that this is a Tory fabrication, but that he heartily concurred" in its abolition. Before this assertion appeared the only means I-or anyone not in his confidence-had of judging of Mr. Gladstone's views was by his acts. On the 20th of June, 1876, Mr. P. A. Taylor moved in the Bouse of Commons that. In the opinion of this House the time has arrived when the punish- ment of flogging in the Navv should be abolished." There, sir, was a plain issue, and an opportunity for showing hearty concurrence." On this motion neither Mr. Gladstone nor any of his late Cabinet voted. Those prominent members of his party who voted at all—except the late Mr. Fawcett —voted against the motion, and defeated it. On the 10th of April, 1887, Mr. Taylor again made the same motion, with thej same result, Mr. Glad- stone again not voting. I consider, sir. that the above, coupled with the fact that for years of Mr. Gladstone's Prime Ministership flogging was main- tained in both Army and Navy, fully justifies my statement. It is for Mr. Gladstone to explain why he so carefully suppressed his sympathy for the sailor on these occasions, and for the soldier and sailor during so many years of office, when he might have given it practical effect, only to let it be known to the world when it is questioned by a Tory candidate. I am quite content that public opinion—evoked by Mr. Gladstone, not by me- should decide which statement is right. iM r. Gladstone suggests that the authority for such statements should be asked. My authority is Hansard." Division List, No. 150, 1876, and No. 62, 1877. "When deeds are present, what need of words."—I am, &c., RICHARD C. MAYNE, Rear-Admiral. October 24. LETTER FROM MR GLADSTONE; A gentleman having written to Mr. Gladstone with reference to statements made by Rear-Admiral Mayne that the ex-Premier had opposed the abolition of flogging in the army, the right hon. gentleman has replied:— Hawarden Castle. Chester, Oct. 27, 1885. My Dear 8ir,-1.. 1879 and 1880 the inferior portion of the Tory party circulated a multitude of untruths concerning me. perhaps thiekillg I could not be better employed than in researches sometimes necessary in order to contradict them. On one occasion, in a single letter, I contradicted no less than twelve of them at once. I am happy to think that this mode of warfare is, and I trust it will always continue, uuknovvn to the Liberal party. But it has revived, and a case of this kind required me to write to Alderman Hughes. The charge has been made by Kear-Admiral Mavue in evident and, I consider, blameworthy igno- rance of the facts. His main statement is that in 1876-1877 when the motion to abolish flogging was opposed by the Tory Government I did not vote. He seems to be so little versed in the duties of a member of Parliament as not to know that in many cases where the executive has a special responsi- bility it is a duty to consider long before forcing their hands even for objects which we may desire. Mr. Cavendish Bentinck, bolder than the admiral, in a hectoring letter which he has, I believe, been good enough to publish, asserts, as I read his letter, that on May 20,1878 (a mistake for 1879), I voted in favour of flogging and that in July I gave (on the decisive occasion, be it observed) a silent vote against it. Had the last assertion been correct, it would have been a singular mode of proving that I opposed the abolition of flogging. But neither assertion is true. I did not oppose the motion of Mr. Hopwood in May, and I spoke fully, as well as voted, for the abolition in July. I leave it to Admiral Mayne and Mr. Bentinck to consider what course they shall pursue in regard to their erroneous representation. As I cannot afford to spend my whole time in tracking and exposing untruths of this kind, I hope those who may hear others of them will not accept them without proof —I am, my dear sir, yours most faithfully and obediently, W. E. GLADSTONE.

THE AF L< ALLTS OF RICHARD ATTENBOROUGH. FIRST MEETING OF CREDITORS. At the London Bankruptcy Court on Monday the first meeting of the creditors of Richard Attenborough, formerly a pawnbroker, and now an extensive colliery proprietor, was held before Mr. G. Wrefort, assistant receiver. The accounts pro- duced showed gross liabilities £ 239.812, of which E69,990 is unsecured, and assets £ 9,525. A scheme of arrangement was agreed to, vesting the estate in Mr. Mackay, as trustee.

PARRY AND ROGKE'S Welsh Yarns are the WL. 7905c I

THE MEMBER FOR PEMBROKESHIRE AND POLITICAL PENSIONS. [FROM AN OCCASIONAL CORRESPONDENT.] At two public meetings of electors held lately, one at Tenby and the other at Haverfordwest, Mr. William Davies, M.P. for Pembrokeshire, has stated that the Conservatives allied themselves with the disloyal Irish in order to turn out Mr. Gladstone" Government, so that they (i.e., the Conservative Ministers who would come into office) might secure for themselves pensions of from £ 2,000 to zC6,000 a year on retiring from their offices. At the Tenby meeting very few Conservatives were present, and, consequently, this statement passed unchallenged. At the Haverfordwest meeting I imagine that no Con- servatives were present, for the very good reason that Admiral Mayne was addressing them at the Masonic-hall at the very time that Mr. Davies was repeating his charge at the Market-hall. Thus, for the second time, this monstrous fable was un- contradicted. Reports of the meetings have, how- ever, appeared in the newspapers, and have been read, probably, by every elector in the county. It is, therefore, absolutely necessary that someone should put the matter in its proper light. Here are the facts: —Pensions for political services are granted either by special Act of Parliament or under the pro- visions of the 4th and 5th William IV., c. 24, as amended by the 32nd and 33rd Vict., c. 60. It is laid down in these Acts that allowances of this nature are founded on the considerations both of the services rendered to the State by the recipient and of the inadequacy of his private fortune to maintain his station in life. The following are the regulations under which political pensions are granted:—Political offices are, for the pur- poses of the Pension Acts, divided into three classes. The 1st class consists of the office of First Lord of the Treasury and other political offices with a salary of not less than £ 5,000 per annum. A 1st class pension must not exceed £ 2,000 per annum, and no one is qualified to receive one who has not served at least four year in a political office of the 1st class. The 2nd class of political offices consists of those with salaries of froiii t2,000 to £ 5,000 per annum. A 2nd class pension must not exceed £ 1,200 per annum, and no one is entitled to receive one who has not served at least, six years in a political office of the 2nd class. The 3rd class of political offices consists of those with salaries of from £ 1,000 to £ 2,000 per annum. A 3rd class pension must, not exceed S800 per annum, and no one is entitled j to receive one who has not served at least ten years in a political office of the 3rd class. The following rules apply to all three classes of otEces ;-o pension may be granted in any class while four pensions of that class are in existence. The maximum number of these pensions in exis- tence at any one time is, therefore, twelve. Not more than one pension can be granted in any one year. No addition to the salary of any office made since 1869 has the effect of promoting such office to a higher class. No person receiving a pension under these Acts can receive any other pension or the salary of any public office in addition to it. Any person who is desirous of receiving one of the above pen- sions must make application in writing to the Commissioners of the Treasury. The application must be signed by him, and must contain (as well as a statement of the services performed by hitnj a specitic declaration that the amount of his private income is so limited as to be inadequate to main- tain his station in life. The following is a list of the recipients of political pensions, with the Acts by which they were granted:—The Right Hon. Spencer H. Walpole (Conservative), £2,000 a year, 4 and 5 W. IV., c. 24; the Right Hon. H. C. E. Childers, MP. (Liberal), X-1,133 6s. 8d. a year, 32 and 33 V., c. 60; Vice-Admiral Lord Clarence E. Paget (Liberal), £ 1,200 a year, 4 and 5 W. IV., c. 24 the Right Hon. Charles P. Villiers, M.P. (Liberal), £ 1,200 a year. 32 and 33 V., c 60; the Right Hon. George John Shaw-Lefevre, M.P. (Liberal), Y,1,200 a year, 32 and 33 V., c. 60; Viscount Kversley, G.C.B., late Speaker of the House of Commons (Liberal), special pension of £4,000 a year, not governed by the above rules, 20 V., c. 9; Viscount Hampden, G.C.B., late Speaker of the House of Commons (Liberal), a special pension of X4,000 a year, not governed by the above rules, 47 V., c. 1. Theabove particulars have been obtained from a source that cannot be questioned. If Mr. Davies doubts the accuracy of any one of them lie will have no difficulty in correcting me. I challenge him to do so. If my version is correct, then Mr. Davies stands convicted of either making a wilfully-false statement or of being utterly ignorant of what lie was talking about. He may take his choice of the two positions. I hope your readers will take notice of the fact that of the existing pensioners six are Liberals and only one a Conservative.

MONMOUTHSHIRE ELECTIONS. SECURITY OF TENANTS' CAPITAL. QUESTIONS FOR THE RADICAL CANDI- DATES. TO THE KDITOR OF THE "WESTERN MAIL." SIR,—The protection of a tenant's capital against confiscation at the hands of his landlord is pro- fessed by the Liberal party to be a leading plank in their platform. The following questions, which are respectfully submitted to the Liberal candi- dates for the three divisions of the County of Mon- mouth and for the Monmouthshire Boroughs, may possibly suggest that the plank in question is slippery and shifty, and in no wise to be depended on. I shall be pleased to place at the service of the Liberal candidates any information in my posses- sion which will assist them in answering the questions; and in order to show my confidence that every one of these questions can only be truthfully answered in the affirmative, I promise to give to the Newport Infirmary the sum of X5 for each question that the Liberal candidates are able to answer in the negative in three weeks from this date, viz., by the 12th day of November, 1885. —I am, &c., THOMAS COLBORNE. Newport, Mon., Oct. 22. TWELVE QUESTIONS FOR THE LIBERAL CANDIDATES FOR THE THRKE DIVISIONS OF THE COUNTY OF MONMOUTH AND FOR THE MONMOUTHSHIRE BOKOUGHS. 1. Is it not, the fact that Mr. Glad3tone's Government justified their Irish land legislation Oil the ground (inter alia) of the fairness of protecting the capital invested by the tenant in the improvement of his land- lord's property? 2. Is it not "the fact that the tenant of an unopened coalfield expends a very large sum in sinking pits, form- ing a colliery, ana taking upon himself the entire risk of the undertaking ? 3. Is it not the fact that the owner of the minerals in such a case steus into a large income created by the tenant's outlay, and that this income is received by the landlord whether the tenant is forlutiitt, or untot-Liiiiate in his venture? 4. Is it not tiie fact, that some owners of mineral pro- perty, not content with thus stepping into a largs income created by the outlay of the tenants' capital, have insisted upon the payment of fines by the tenants upon the transfer of colliery leases, although the land- lords'interests, so far from being injured, have been fully and amply protected in the transfer? b. Is it not the fac:, that these fines have only been enforced by some, and, it is believed, a comparatively small minority of, landlords, and that, so far from the practice being considered a legitimate custom, it is re- garded by the majority of those connected with mineral property as an act of confiscation of tenants' capital and out lay ? 6. Is it not the fact that one of the landlords of a colliery in t,he County of Derby (being a prominent supporter of Mr. Gladstone and candidate in the Liberal interest in 1830 for one of the northern counties of England) thus insisted upon payment of fines of jScOO and 1:300. together 9800, although in the last instance the colliery lease was transferred to men of the highest, standing, one of whom afterwards filled the oflice of mayor of Derby and was knighted by her Majesty ? 7. Is it not the fact, that the imposition of these lines was not justified by any profit that the lessees had made out of their venture, but that, on the contrary, the lessees only received back some Lll,000 out oflp-.i outlay of some £ 50,000 ? 8. Is it not the fact that the imposition of these fine was brought under the notice of Mr. Gladstone and the other members of his Government, but that,nevertheies. the landlord in question was during the administration of Mr. Gladstone created a peer of the realm and lord- lieutenant of one of the northern counties ot England? 9. Is it nor, the fact. 1 hat questions were repeatedly addressed by Mr. J. A. Rolls, AI.P. for Mouniout iishir. to Mr. Gladstone and Sir William Harcourt. without, ob- taining any relief, although Mr. Gladstone, by a Pl,51, card in November, 1874, admitted that, he was sensible of the practical importance of the subject, and although Mr. Gladstone also stated in the House of Commons on the 30th day of July. 1883, that the protection of of mineral and other properties from confiscation of a portion of their capita) by the enforcement of lines by the landlords oil the transfer of the leases was a ques- tion which touched a matter undoubtedly of very n'e;Ü importance, to which it would be the duty "of the Government to give its attention "? 10. Is it not the fact. that a memorial was presented to her Most Gracious Majesty praying for inquiry into the truth of the statements contained In the memorial, more partieularly into the circumstances connected with the recommendation oi the landlord for the office of lord-lieutenant, with the knowledge on the part of her Majesty's Ministers of the enforcement of the fines in question, and that an answer of the 15th of March, 1832 (a 11345-4), to such memorial was received from the Secretary of State (Sir William Harcourt) stating that the petition had been laid before the Queen, and that her Majesty could not, be advised to interfere in the matter of the prayer thereof? 11. Is it not the fact that at the suggestion of Sir William Harcourt the circumstances connected with the fines in question were again submitted to him bv Mr. liolls, with the result that he (6ir\V. Harcourt) declined to afford, or assist in affording, any relief, and that he stated on the 17th day of July, 1834, in the House of Commons, when once more pressed by Mr. Kolls, Lru, the ouly remedy is for speculators in coal mines to pro- tect themselves by proper agreements, which would prevent owners from demanding improper fines on assIgnments" ? 12. Is it not the fact that Mr, Gladstone's Government, have thrown every d.mcuitvinthewayof relief being granted in the case in question, and, while loudly pro- fessing their desire to protect the agricultural tenants' capital, have refused to afford protection to the capita! of tenants invested in mineral properties, although in such eases the tenant, expends in pro- portion to the original value of the landlord's property far more than the proportion expended by the agricul- tural tenant?

TI-IE IRISH LAND LEAGUE. At a meeting of the Cork National League on Wednesday night the Operative Tailors' Society, consisting of 92 members, were played to the League-rooms by the society's band, and joined the National League in a body. There are now over 1,000 members, 700 having ioined within the past two months. Mr. John O'Connor, M.P., who pre- sided, referring to the action of the cattle dealers towards the Steam Packet Company, said in a day or two they would celebrate their victory over the landlords and such companies as the Steaun Packet Company who aided them in exterminating the people. The cattle dealers expect to ship by their own steamer to-morrow.

THE COMING STRUGGLE.—Anything calculated to moderate the asperity of party feeling during the coming political contest should be encouraged. A liberal use of that delicious and soothing liqueur, GKANT'S MOKKLLA CHERRY BRANDY, cannot fail to pro(luce a, favourable effect, and it may be procured at all bars, restaurants, and wine stores. THOMAS GRANT AYD Soxs. Distillers, Maidstone. Beware of spurious mitations. 6332c PARRY AND ROCKE'S Welsh Knitted Stockings are the bes11: 7::¡03c

CURE FOR HYDROPHOBIA. IMPORTANT DISCOVERY BY A FRENCH PHYSICIAN. An important communication respecting the result of his researches for a prophylactic against hydrophobia was made on Tuesday to the Academy of Sciences, Paris, by M. Pasteur. The eminent physiologist stated that be had succeeded in curing a boy who had been bitten by a mad dog. It appeared that in July last two individuals from Alsace came to M. Pasteur's laboratory at the Normal School, and said that they bad both been bitten by a mad dog. One was a man named Vom, and the other a boy caUed Joseph Meister, aged nine years. The boy was fearfully bitten an over the body, and his wounds had been cauterised by a local doctor. Vom had apparently only been touched by the dog's fangs, which had pierced his clothes, but did not enter his flesh. He was accordingly advised by M. Pasteur to return home, as he had nothing to fear. M. Pasteur kept the boy Meister with him, and called in Professors Vulpian and Granchet to assist him. These gentlemeu found fourteen wounds on the boy's body, and gave it as their opinion that the victim was doomed to certain death. In the presence of his colleagues M. Pasteur took a syringe, which he half filled with the marrow of a rabbit that had died from rabies. This substance had been preserved for fifteen days. Meister was inoculated with this thirteen times during ten days, M. Pasteur also injected under his skin during the closing days of the treatment a virus of exceptional strength, which, originally taken from a mad dog, had been rendered more virulent by successive transfusions through rabbits that had died of rabies. After three months and three weeks Meister recovered complete health, having escaped not only the danger of hydrophobia caused by the bites he had received, but also tiie possible risk in- curred by the strengthened virus, to which he showed himself completely refractory. M. Pasteur also announced that he had another patient; under treatment, a boy named Jupi, who has been bitten in both hands by a mad dog. His case is progres- sing favourably, and he is fully expected to recover. M. Pasteur's important and interesting announce- ments were repeatedly and most enthusiastically cheered by the members of the Academy of Medicine and the general public present. After having bowed his acknowledgments the distinguished physiologist proceeded to relate the history of his patient Jupi, who is a shepherd lad only fifteen yeajfs old. It seems that the boy dashed after a mad dog' which had attempted to bite some of his smaller companions, and actually plunged his hand into the animal's throat, thus choking it to death. The boy, who is severely injured, will be recom- cl mended to the French Academy for the prize of I courage, which he merits well. Professor Vulpian addressed the meeting after M. Pasteur, and said that he was firmly convinced that a sure and cer- tain remedy for hydrophobia had at last been dis- covered, and the efforts of his distinguished colleague had thus been crowned with well- deserved success. The discovery would set a seal on the fame of M. Pasteur, and prove a fresh glory for France. Further important, statements will be made at the next meeting of the Academy of Medicine.

FUNERAL OF MR. EDWARD BATH, OF SWANSEA. The funeral obsequies of the late Mr. Edward Bath, [of Brynymor, Swansea, took place at the New Cemetery, Swansea, on Monday afternoon The procession started from the house in Walter- road shortly after three o'clock. It was not intended that the funeral should be a public one, but, in accordance with a general desire which was manifested, the members of the corpora- tion and other public bodies were invited to attend in their unofficial capacities. A large number of men employed at Lambert's Works, in which the deceased gentleman was managing- partner, also attended, and brought up the rear of the procession, which otherwise was formed en- tirely of the carriages of mourners, friends, and public men. The funeral arrangements were en- trusted to Mr. D. Jones, of Castle-square, who was ably assisted and supplied by Mr. W. Phiilips. In the first carriage were members of the firm of Messrs. Thomas, Watkins, and Jenkins, whilst in the second was the Rev. Canon Gauntlett, of Christ Church. The hearse followed, and the succeeding carriages were occu- pied by the mourners and friends, as follow:— First carriage, Messrs. E. H. Bath, Charles Bath, and C. Lambert; second carriage. Mr. Bell and Mr. Cox third carriage. Mr. Clifford, Mr. Brown, Mr. T. IVai-e, and Mr. E. Bath (Sketty). The carriages following these contained the mem- bers and officials of the corporation, including Mr. W. Williams, mayor; Mr. R. D. Burnie, ex-mayor; Mr. John Thomas, town-clerk; Alder- men E. R. Daniel, F. A. Yeo, W. Thomas, T. Davies, J. Glasbrook, and L. Tulloch Councillors J. Cady, T. Trew, W. J. Rees, F. Rocke, A. Mason, H. Mali- phant, D. Thomas, H. A. Chapman, J. Richards, James Jones, and R. Martin; Mr. T. 1shv Young, borough treasurer; Mr. R. H. Wyrill, surveyor and Captain Colquhoun, head- constable. In the remaining carriages we noticed Sir H. Hussey Vivian, Bart., Mr. Ll. Dillwyn, M.P. Sir J. Jones Jenkins, M.P.; Mr. M. B. Williams. Mr. Cory Yeo, Mr. Robert, Capper (harbour superintendent), Mr. W. R. hmith, Mr. Wyndham Lawrence, Captain Hichnrdson nnd friends, Mr. G. B. Strick, Mr. W. H. Francis, Mr. G. Phillips, Mr. Thomas Hall, Mr. John Buse. Mr. Abel Thomas, Mr. Daniel Jones, Mr. P. Jenkins, &c. The procession passed slowly through the principal streets of the town to the Cemetery, a distance of nearly two miles. The Rev. Canon Smith met the procession at the gates, and the Rev. Prebendary Gauntlett read the service at the grave. There was a very large attendance. Feeling references were made to the decease of Mr. Bath at several places of worship on Sunday, including Christ Church, the Memorial Chapel, Mount Pleasant, the Unitarian Church, the Albert- hall, and the Ragged School.

FUNERAL OF MR. JOHN EVANS, OF PENGAM. The mortal remains of Mr, John Evans, Pengam, were consigned to their last resting-place in the Roath Parish Churchyard on Saturday morning. A large concourse of people assembled in the churchyard to pay a last, tribute of re- spect to the departed. Among those present were Councillors T. Waring, Boulanger, Reynolds, and J. M'Connochie Colonel Martin. Dr. Milward, Dr. S. Evans, Messrs. W. Williams, J. Williams, J. Eagleton, Robert Davies, Win. Henry Thomas, John North, John Hodkinson, J. Wilson. Henry Thomas, John Morris, J. W. Morris, D. W. Morris, D. T. Alexander,Geo. Thomas (Ely), Harwood,and Angel (Roatli). The funeral corteye left the residence at about eleven o'clock in the following oi-dpi- Servant men, dog-cart, with old men (Charles, Ned, and James); doctor's carriage, containing Dr. F. Evans; the hearse, with three bearers on each side; mourning coaches-first, containing Mrs. J. Evans (widow), Mr. J. H. Westvr-Evans, Mrs. E. Penn, and Miss Emilie Evans; second, Miss Bertha Evans. Miss Trissie Evans, and Mr. and Mrs. W. Hier Evans; third, Miss Florrie Evans, Miss Edith Evans, and Mr. Arthur Evans fourth, Miss Gwennie Evans, Mr. Edward Penn, Mr. Talfourd Evans, and Mrs. S. Williams fifth, Dr. Istance (Risca), Mr. E. Williams (Abertillery), and Mr. D. Jones (Swansea); sixth, Dr. W. Hier Evans, Mr. George Evans, Mr. A. Hier Evans, and Mr. Frank Williams (nephews of the deceased;. On arriving at the principal entrance to the churchyard the cofiin, which was of polished oak, with brass mountings and breastplate, was taken from the hearse and conveyed into the church, where the funeral service was performed by the Rev. F. J. Beck, M.A., vicar, assisted by the Rev. N. D. Macleod, B.A. From the church the coffin was borne to the churchyard and lowered into the brick grave which had been prepared for the reception of the deceased. As the coffin was being lowered into the grave a number of wreaths of choice exotics were placed on it by relatives of the deceased. air. Howell and Mr. Stone weia the undertakers.

THE "WHITE SLAVE" AT THE CARDIFF THEATRE. Mr. William Calder has, by means of a well- organised company and his own exertions, placed before the Cardiff people a telling and varied entertainment at the Theatre Royal, Cardiff, this week. The White Slave is one of those dramas of the Boucicault, order, the incidents of which are drawn from slave life in Southern America as it used to be. The plot is the usual one: the amours and brutality of a planter and the suffer- ings and retribution which are the sure accom- paniment of his career. It is not only upon the interest which is to be found in the play itself that Mr. Calder relies. He has introduced with effect a band of negro singers, whose vocal and instru- mental performances are by no means of a second- rate character, so that one may say minstrelsy lends its phasing aid to the recital of an emotional —indeed, it, may be said. a sensational—story. Mr. Calder-who will be remembered in Cardijf for his excellent representation of "Rip Van Winkle —is an actor of reputation, and he gives force and pungency to the character he pourtrays as the hero in the White Slave." He is ably supported by Miss Alice Finch and the remainder of the com- pany. The grand minstrel concert is a great suc- cess, and the usual nigger" business is hailed with the usual merriment. The piece has been admirably mounted by the management.

ECCLESIASTICAL INTELLIGENCE. The Rev. Lewis D. Evans, B.A., curate of St. Mary's, South Shields, has been appointed vicar of the parish of St. Aidan, in the same town.

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SPIRIT OF THE WELSH PRESS. l By GWYLIEDYDD.J Habitual readers of the Radical Welsh news- papers must have a low opinion of the Tories, individually and collectively. No credit is given them for any single virtue. They are liars, dis- honest, and bloodthirsty, and given to all kinds of wickedness and unrighteousness. It matters not how generous, useful, and good a man may be, he is to be shunned if he is a Tory. On the other hand, infidels and cruel taskmasters are praised if they profess Radicalism. The Bauer has, for the last three months, published a political article in the form of a discussion between a number of farmers, in which the most dangerous doctrines are taught, and facts and figures distorted in support of them. Certain figures are given in the last number to prove that the Tories have been more extravagant than the Liberals, but the fact that the Government of Mr. Gladstone spent £ 45,000,000 more during their last term of office than that of Lord Beaeonstield during tlle like period is withheld. Neither is there a word said of the 50,000 lives slaughtered in Egypt, with what object nobody can understand. The same paper, in a leading article on Burmah, palliates the cruelties of the brutai King Tileebaw in order to show the passion for war which animates the Tories. The Goleuad is surprised to find that. Lord Salis- bury is so religious. His speecii at Brighton led us to think that it was delivered in a Cathedral Church. He has made up his mind to live or die with the Church. There is no hesitancy in his voice on the subject. It would bo impossible for him to consent to Disestablishment and Disendow. ment." The Bauer contrasts the speeches of Lord Salisbury and Mr. Chamberlain, and gives the palm to the latter, but is not satisfied with the post- ponement. of the Disestablishment question. The 1,iit agrees with Mr. Gladstone about free education^ "The country has not had sufficient time to consider the matter. It must be remem- co" bered that there are schools besides the Board Schools—the National Schools, the Roman Catholic, and the Wesleyan Schools—in which religion is taught. If the Board Schools are thrown open to all without fees the others would have to he shut up. Would it be fair to treat the schools whose managers believe that religious teaching is essential in this initiazier.1 We are bound to admit that there are many persons who believe that religion ought to be taught in schools. Would it be just to destroy these schools by establishing free secular schools close by ? Scarcely. Some suggest that the Voluntary Schools should be free as well, and the deficiency made up from the rates. This would be taxing the people to teach religion, what we have been contending against for years." This is unusually generous language on the part of the Tyst. The Llati is of opinion that the Radical cry for free education is for the purpose of preventing religious teaching in Elementary Schools, and thereby paving the way for the Disestablishment and Disendowment of the Church. The writer draws attention to the new taxes that would have to be imposed if Mr. Chamberlain were to have his own way. The abolition of fees would add millions to the rates, and the three acres and a cow would so increase the taxes as to make life unbearable. G-walia says :—" Whatever becomes of the discussion about Disestablishment, there is one thing made clear, namely, that there is no Act on the Statute Book of Great Britain estab- lishing the Church of England. We believe that a good deal of misunderstanding exists for want of a thorough inquiry into the matter. If we look at it fairly we shall find that the 4 Free Churches,' as they are called, are under the control of the law as well as the Church of England. They cannot do anything contrary to their trust deeds without being liable to punishment. No religious organisation, be it Church, Nonconformist, or Roman Catholic, can change one item of their creed without, the consent of the State." There is a growing suspicion abroad that Wales is not so Radical as the papers have been saying, and that there is danger that some Tory candidates will be returned. A writer in the Genedl says :— I have been told by several Liberals that they do not care who will be returned, and that they will not lose a day's work to go and vote. It is sur- prising to hear this from farmers. I was surprised to hear an influential person in Carnarvonshire say- ing that the Conservative would certainly be returned. A large number of the Nonconformists of Carnarvonshire are Conservatives." A corre- spondent of the Celt says It is said on good grounds that the Tories have their eye on the Rhondda. I have known the valley for twenty years, and my opinion is that a Tory would have no chance but others who know it as well as I do believe otherwise." The Baner is hopeful. The Gwyliedydd is much moderated in tone. It recom- mends the Weslevans to vote in accordance with their convictions, but gives not the slightest indica- tion which way the vote should go. Gwalia says that the prospects of the Conservatives are hopeful. 44 Whilst, admiring the liberal spirit of the age, and favouring measures that have a tendency to benefit society and the Empire, we emphatically condemn the revolutionary schemes that are advo- cated by a certain section of the community. 4 Righteousness alone exaltcth a nation. The advocates of the Welsh party are still at work, but their prospects are anything but en- couraging. A correspondence on the subject appears in the Baner between the Rev. Michael Jones, of Bala, and a Mr. Parry, of Bethesda, in which it is recommended to call a meeting in some central spot to discuss the subject. These gentlemen assume that Mr. Gee, of Denbigh, is favourable to the movement, but the Baner makes no reference to it. One of the" planks" is that a Welsh Parliament should be held at Aberystwith. Reference Was made to it at the disestablishment meeting at Liverpool last week, but the proposal was objected to by Dr. John Thomas and Mr. Osborne Morgan, the latter of whom said he would resign his seat rather than put up with such dictation. The Celt takes the right honourable gentleman to task for daring to have a mind of his own. We were pleased to notice the suggestion at Liverpool for the formation of a Welsh party, but Mr. Osborne Morgan objected to take a leaf out of the Irish book, and said he would retire rather than imitate that' crew' Let Mr. Morgan not talk too loud lest the electors of Denbighshire should hear. Dr. John Thomas must also consider what he is about." Several of the papers refer to an anonymous article in the Geninen, entitled "Philistinism in Wales." The Genedl is in ecstasies over it. We have not read for years anything to compare with it. It ought to kill every Philistine in the country. We recommend it to be read in coal and mine pits, ironworks, slnte quarries, blacksmiths' and tailors' shops throughout the Principality." The Gwyliedydd. is of another opinion :—" We have not, the remotest sympathy with the author of the article on 4 Philistinism.' He sees nothing but bombast in the literary and religious institutions of the country. He sees Philistinism everv, where and in everything. Why should he traduce us under an assumed name ? It is true that we, as a nation, have many weaknesses, but we cannot accept the assertion that Philistinism saturates all our institutions. Neither do we think that he has taken the best course to remove the evil of which he complains." Gwalia gives a long extract from it, and characterises it as eloquent and incisive. The following are a few extracts from it Who can deny that little Wales is full of humbug and cant ? This is the age of tho paint-brush, of scissors and paste and of my Lord Shoddy—the high priest of illusions-of the devil, not going about like a roar- ing lion seeking whom he might devour, but like the Angel of Light. This is the age of plau- sibilities—the harvest of Cheap Jacks. The Welsh people are like young rooks, opening their beaks and swallowing the latest shams that are offered to them. It is the age of the county court, where the judge is kept from morning till night investigating the disputes of godly people—the golden age of the .Bankruptcy Act, where attempts are made to catch honest thieves who become gentlemen by the process. Matthew Arnold says there are three kinds of Philistines in England— the religious Philistine, the well-to-do Philistine,' and the rowdy Philistine. It is with the last kind I that we are. going to deal—the Philistine whose sole glory is in the soles of his feet to stamp every- thing down, in Eisteddfod or Festival, unless it is agreeable to him. He is the master of the situa- tion. Has he not hoofs and hands ? Has he not lungs and a mouth? What are brains and intellect versus bowlings and hootings ? The Philistine is master of the platform, the adju- dicators, the committee, and all. It is on his account thnt the prize for the essay is fifty shil- lings that fifty pounds may be given for singing. The poorest talent, in Wales just now is the talent to conduct an Eisteddfod. A conductor who would I' please the Philistines is difficult to be found. He must be a kind of Beau Nash, a funny man, who can make the Philistines laugh—something between a clown and a kmg-tlw baron's fool, the oracle of the tavern. The office is to be let. We heard of a shrewd conductor who succeeded in keeping the Philistines quiet by promising to sing a solo at the end-, The song of the mule colt after its mother.' It was a tretit to hear the conductor singing the solo, especially one so strange to them, but, it was too great a trial for the uncircumcised herd to bear. He made a loud bray like the ass, and th-e other asses were sent home to graze." This is a specimen of the article as nearly as it cnn be rendered into English. It is an imitation of Thomas Carlyle without the genius cf that I wonderful man.

DEATH OF THE KEY. DAVID DAVIES OF YSTRADFELLTE. We regret to record the death of the Rev. David Davies, vicar of Ystradfellte,.near Aberdare, which took place on Sunday last at Hamilton House, Carmarthen, the residence of his son-in-law, the Rev. J. Wyndham Lewis, pastor of Water-street Chapel, Carmarthen. The deceased was in his eighty-third year, and was well known throughout the Principality. He hild been in the ministry for the last Hxty years. The funeral will take place on Friday, at the Cemetery, Aberdare, and the pro- cession will be formed at the Great Western Rail- way Station shortly before one.

THE PONTYPRIDD DOG AND POULTRY SHOW. This show, which will take place on November 5 in the new market-place, promises to be a great success, over 700 entries having been received, and the list is still remaining open. Among the exhibits will be the celebrated prize St. Bernard Piynlimmon." Dr. Morgan, Hafod, is the presi- dent of the show.

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CURRENT AGRICULTURAL TOPICS. rBr 41 AGRICOLA" OF THE FILPLD."I The local Chambers of Agriculture are actively engaged in bringing under the notice of Parlia- mentary candidates the manifesto prepared and adopted by the Central Chamber some six months since, and it is worthy of remark that the only question over which that august body wrangled —as to whether candidates should be asked to sanction a Royal or Parliamentary inquiry into agricultural and trade depression—has been com- pletely put out of the way by the very thing in- tended to be asked for having been already obtained. Surely, then, the chambers might have expunged this feature from their document, as it appears somewhat puerile to keep on the cards a so-called grievance after being fully met. Further, in regard to this manifesto, it may be alleged that, although the establishment of County Boards and the relief of local taxation are necessary objects to be kept in the foreground until obtained, it seems unnecessary to make hustings questions of them at a time when public men of all shades of party politics are willing to subscribe to almost anything and everything in reason that local taxa- tion reformers demand. When it is considered, also, that farmers have obtained almost all they want on the cattle disease question, which the document in question also brings into great prominence, it will be seen that the influence the Chamber of Agriculture movement is calculated to produce on the coming general election is likely to be very slight. There remains, it is true, the railway rates question, which is part and parcel of the programme but, then, a great many other bodies, including the Farmers' Alliance, Chambers of Commerce, and even Fair Trade Leagues, arc promoting legislative action on this matter likewise. Still, if the local chambers are wise, they will drive this nail home in good earnest. They will earn immense public gratitude if they can induce candidates in rural districts to promise legislation on the unfair and iniquitous exactions the railway companies are endeavouring to impose, and also to put an end to the unnatural system of conveying foreign produce on English lines at preferential rates. There is a moderate and an extreme party in the Farmers' Alliance no less than in the Chamber of Agriculture organisation, as the London meeting of the former last week sufficiently proved. Mr. James Howard, M.P., after a full exposition of the ruin which seems impending on British agricul- ture, declared his opinion that it could be obviated partly by legislative means, but still more by im- proved systems being adopted. Mr. Howard's legislative remedies would be far different in their Scope and character from those which have exis- tence in the programme of the Chambers of Agri- culture. Not but what he would go just as far as that in relieving local taxation and obtaining fair- and reasonable railway rates and fares, but lie would go much further in demanding justice to the sitting tenant, a full and complete, instead of a sham, security for farmers' capital, the lifting off the burden of the tithe-rent charge from the shoulders of tenant farmers, and an alteration in the Land Laws by the abolition of primogeniture and entail. and the cheaper and more ready transfer of land from hand to hand. More than this, Mr. Howard proposed a resolution to the effect that rents are too high and ought to come down. Yet, because he would be unwilling to pull them down by the strong arm of the law, he was out-voted in his own assembly, and an amended resolution passed that rents ought to be re-ad- justed by an independent authority. This means, of course, setting up a Land Court in England of tho same nature as that already existing in Ireland for the general establishment of fair rents and to give tenants full security to effect improvements and obtain compensation for them. In all probability, we shall hear a great deal about this demand in future, Mr. Barclay, M.P., Mr. Bolton, and those who advocated it at the Holborn meeting are, no doubt, perfectly logical in what they ask for, although whether it is likely to be ever a popular cry in England may be some- what doubtful. "What is sauce for the goose ought to be sauce for the gander," they say, and those who have affirmed that the respective positions of English and Irish tenant farmers differ so much have never yet very clearly explained what they mean. j The very circumstance of such a resolution being passed by two-thirds of those present at this meeting of the Farmers' Alliance shows to what lengths we are driving and how great is the revolution on the wheel of which we are being whirled. Only ten years since a great many pro- fessed themselves shocked at such a moderate measure as that which became subsequently em- bodied in the Agricultural Holdings Act, deeming it an interference with freedom of contract and the rights of property. Now it is proposed that the tenant shall be so thoroughly guarded bjttthe Legislature or by the Land Court to be set up that, so far from any Duke of Newcastle in future being allowed to do what he liked with his own, the landlord after letting a farm would scarcely have any more right over it than one able to hold out his hand annually or half-yearly for a certain amount of rent charge. Has it been fully considered by those who advo- cate tenant farmers' interests that if there were:a reasonable chance of obtaining the object in view it might prove the absolute ruin of that class, or rather its extinction, by the disinclination of land- owners to let their farms at all under such con- ditions ? If it be asked what they would do with them, those who have the necessary capital might turn farmers themselves, and there are always plenty of farm bailiffs to be procured to relieve country gentlemen who do so from the most laborious and unpleasant parts of the work. In fact things are taking this direction to some extent now. Lord Walsingham, for instance, has increased his holding very much of late, and makes it no secret that ho does not care how many poor farms are thrown on his hands. Perhaps the majority of landlords have no means for this sort of thing, but if the laws of primo- geniture and entail be altered they will be able to sell portions of their estates purposely to farm and improve the remaining portions. The English tenant farmer system is said to be almost peculiar to this country, being found to be adopted to only a very slight extent on tho Continent, or any- where else the wide world over. Of course, we have been over ready to persuade ourselves that ours is the most perfect and wisest system, inasmuch as it relieves landlords of business cares and anxieties, and yet causes them to retain a great many privileges over the farms which they let to tenants. Still, possibly this may be a mistake, and too great a tension on any vital part of it may occasion a thorough break- down, with the general result already indicated ensuing. There is a very natural delay in many districts in pursuing an operation generally in active progress just now, which is that of lifting and storing nlang-el wurzel. This is because farmers find them still in active growth, and, owing to the indiffcrentjeharaCter of turnips, they are extremely desirous of getting as much as possible out of their wurzel crops this year. In all cases where the latter were put in late they failed to grow rapidly in July and August, owing to the great drought then prevailing. After the September rains came they put out fresh foliage and their bulbs commenced to swell more, but only somewhat slowly owing to the cold weather. Thus in too many cases they are diminutive even now, and as they have not ceased growing I they will probably get to more size and weight if allowed to stand in the land another month. I A penalty has, of course, to be paid for taking I this course, especially by heavy land farmers,'for I their arable fields arc bad to be trumped by horses and wheeled by heavy-laden carts in the latter end of November. Rather than cut up the land as it is often done in the performance of the work in question, it would be far better to clamp the roots in the fields where they grow, carrying them together into small heaps at short distances by hand. This system of clamping mangolds in the fields where they have grown is very generally pursued by some sheep farmers, who cause their flocks to be evenly breached over the land the ensuing spring, consuming the roots as they go just, as they would a crop of swede turnips. In some cases the field is cropped to rye after the clamping, and in spring roots and rye consumed together.

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GARDENING NOTES. [BY MR, J. Mem, MARGAM.1 THE PEAR CONFERENCE.-Tiiis opened in the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society, Chis. wick, London, on October 21, and will not close until November 4. The gardening papers are unanimous in pronouncing it a great success, There are upwards of 200 exhibitors, and over 2,000 dishes of pears staged. Mr. Coomber sent over 30 varieties from Mr. Rolls' garden, The Hendre, Monmouth. Mr. Coleman has a grand col- lection of 90 sorts from Eastnor Castle, Ledbury, and, the Garden says, the honour of the South Wales district is creditably upheld by collections from Mr. T. D. Daniel. Coed Park, Cwmavon, Colonel Tarbervill, Ewenny Priory, Bridgend f Mr. W. S. Powell, Eglwysnunydd, Taibach Baror de Rutzen, Haverfordwest; and Mr, C. R. M Talbot, Margam. The largest, as well as the finest. coloured, pears came from France and Jersey. NOVEMBER P:EARS. Early in October somt remarks appeared on pears of that month, and it coming to November varieties I will con fine my remarks to such kinds as are decidedly useful for small gardens. Beurre Clairgeavt is a noteworthy variety. It bears uncommonlj well in either a small or large state. It also suc. ceeds as a bush as well as a wall tree. The fruit is above the ordinary size, pale yellow, and red on the sunny side and very juicy. I cannot say it is the very best in flavour, but, it is large and pro. lific, and these are two points which must be con. sidered, especially in the case of a stewing pear Baronne de Mello is a fine pear at this season. It bears freely, the fruit is large, and very buttery and sugary. Beurre Diel is often named as an October pear, but November is really its season, and it is a capital sort. It is largo, oblong, yellow, and exceedingly tender and melting Bishop's Thumb makes a profitable orchard variety It is a certain bearer, and the fruits are peculiarly attractive in flavour. Gausel's Bergamot is rather shy in bearing in some districts, but it is a rich pear. Duchesse d'Angouleme is one of thr large sort, fruiting very freely, and producing specimens of more than ordinary merit. Thomp son's pear is a superb one. It is very prolific, fruit of middle size, melting, and aromatic. As pears do not keep well after they are ripe it it not wise to grow many varieties to come in at the same time, and where these are introduced November pears are not likely to be scarce. NOVEMBER APPLES.—These have an advantage over the pears, as most of them will keep until December or later. Old trees of the Manx Codlin are seen here and there, but young ones are not often introduced, and this is a pity, as it is really a sure-bearing, useful apple. Cellini is one of the best of the November apples. It is above middle- size, tender, juicy, and a most profuse bearer. It may be used in the kitchen or at dessert. King of the Pippins comes in this month, and remains good until January. It is a fine apple, being a sure bearer of handsome, high-coloured, fine-flavoured fruit. Peasgood Nonesuch is a very largo apple. There is a specimen of it being exhibited at Chiswick at the present time which weighs 23ozs. This comes from Witley Court, Worcestershire. In general character it is similar to the Blenheim Orange. It is yellowish in the flesh, juicy, and suitable for kitchen or dessert, which is a great advantage in all apples which are planted in limited-sized gardens. ASPARAGUS BEDS.—These should have attention now. It is neither the season to sow nor plant, but it is time to dress the beds, and this is a matter of considerable importance. The whole of the old stems should be cut over close to the surface of the soi'. Where there are many weeds pull these up with the hand, or hoe them up and rake them off. Half-decayed drop- pings from the cow-shed or stable should then be spread over each plant to the depth of three inches. If the roots are growing close together in beds the whole of the surface of the bed may be covered with manure. If the roots are two oi three feet apart, like ours, put a quantity of manure over each, and when growth begins next spring it will soon be seen that nothing benefits asparagus more than a winter dressing of this sort Seaweed makes an excellent surface dressing fol this delicious vegetable, and those whe can get this material should use it in the place of thE manure. Some growers never think of attending to their asparagus plants until near the time when the produce is expected in spring, and then it neec not surprise anyone if the growths are tough and spindly. The roots of asparagus being very sue: culent, they absorb a great deal of nourishment in winter, if they can get it, and a surface dressing now will benefit tiie produce much more thar any which can be applied in spring. A well-kept asparagus bed in summer is 9 pleasing sight, but a well manured one in wintet shows that the cultivator has a desire to combine profit with the undertaking, and, other things being right, this is sure to be the result. GLADIOLUS.—These have been exceedingly beau- tiful this autumn, and I am glad to observe that their cultivation is being taken up in many small gardens. They are really very easily managed, and as pretty in their way as any choice hothouse flower. Their stems are now withering, and some who have not kept them over the winter may wonder how they ought to be treated, but they cannot do better than leave them in the ground and place a little manure over them in times of severe frost. A CHEAP BOOK ON RosEs.-Of late I have received numerous letters from readers in and out of the Principality asking for a cheap and easily- understood practical book on roses. These corre spondents have not been all answered, as cheap and good books on this subject are not common There has recently been published, however, a small work which promises to become very useful and popular. It is thus noticed in the Gardening World Mr. Samuel Ryder, jun., has written, and Messrs. Ryder and Son, florists, Sale, Man- chester, are now publishing at the modest price of sixpence, a handy and trustworthy little manual on the cultivation of roses in the garden and in pots under glass. In his introductory chapter, Mr Ryder impresses upon his readers the sound axiome that if success is to be obtained in floriculture it is to be attained only by effort; and that al flowers, and especially the queen of flowers, must have constant attention if they are to be grown well. Bearing these primary points in mind, the author proceeds to discuss in a practical manner the preparation of the soil, the selection of a site for the rose garden, r.he best sort of roses to plant and how to plant them. In another chaptei he dilates upon the various forms of rose trees. He does not recommend the standard, preferring th( dwarf or bush rose trees as the most natural and rational form. The various classes of roses art also dealt with, and the subjects of pruning anc propagating are very sensibly handled, aftei which we have a few concise instructions or growing roses in pots, which will prove acceptable to many an aspiring amateur, and brief, but in. structive, remarks on exhibiting roses, and a calendar of work for each month. We commend Mr. Ryder's little work to the notice of out amateur readers, who will find many useful hinta in its pages." HEDGES.—AOW is a good time to cut in these. Many of them appear very rough now. as the shoots formed during the summer stand out in various lengths, but when cropped both sides and the top should be left perfectly smooth. Those who can handle a billhook well will trim a hedge neatly with it, and where hedges are extensive this is the quickest way of getting over them but where the hedges form part of the ornamentatiOI2 of a garden a pair of strong shears should be used for trimming, and they must be handled with care and foresight if a neat hedge throughout is to be the result. There should be no indentations here and humps there, but all should be as straight as if cut by rule and line. A neat hedge is so very ornamental that no ordinary amount of labour will be badh- spent, to secure it. SOIL FOR AMERICAN PLANTS.-The rhododendron and its allies grow best in bog or peat-mould, but when this cannot be procured a good fertile 16am with a dressing of rather fresh cow manure, oncc in two years, forms a good substitute. When neither of these soils can be had, a good mixture for them may be made as follows :—To three parts of half-rotted leaves add one part of the turfy surface of a pasture, cut about four inches thick, to this add a good quantity of white or other sand, chop but not beat the soil, and use it as rough as possible. Should the foliage become yellowish top-dress with cow manure, or use liquid manure about four times during the month of July; by these means the plnnts will soon be restored to health. In preparing beds or ground for American plants the subsoil should be sufficiently porous, or drained, to prevent water becoming stagnant beneath and around the roots of the plants, as these plants do not root deeply from four to sis inches of soil beneath the balls will be sufficient, with a light top-dressing annually added. IXIAS AND SPARAXIS.—These resemble miniature gladiolus, and arc exceedingly attractive. The colours arc of all hues, and always command ad- miration. The bulbs are hardy in favoured dis- tricts, and may be left out for years in a sheltered border next a stove or greenhouse. In places where none but the hardiest plants pass through the winter safely they must be grown in the greenhouse or the frame, and any good sandy soil will suit them, whether peat or loam. They should be potted early in the autumn, and have plenty ot air at all times, when the weather is favourable, especially when they are growing freely in spring If carefully managed, they may remain two seasons in the same pots. Use 48-sized pots, and plant four or five bulbs in each. A dry, deep sandy border under a wall in any of the warmer Western and Southern Districts might be grandly furnishec with such plants as ixias, sparaxis, alstrcemerias oxalis, tritonias, babianas, and the choicest of tht smaller kinds of iris. It would constitute a gardec of the most interesting exotics, capable of with. standing the rigours of this northern clime. SEASIDE PLANTING.—A correspondent of tht Garden writes :-I have been planting a small piecf of land near the water in the Isle of Man, anc have had rather painful experiences of the sea air. This spring I have planted young pinus maritima for the fourth time, and am wondering it these will follow the fate of their predecessors. P insignis, if behind shelter, does pretty well, but must have shelter. Abies Nordmanniana turns out well with some protection, but shelter is the prime condition for all of them that can stand sea air. The way pinus pumilio turnec red and died off was a caution. Now sheltei takes time to produce, and that is one diffi. culty besides, what shelter is to be made of is another question. I am manufacturing it 01 Norway ni'iples and alders, and my experience shows that these must be good-sized plants tc begin with. I Ontario poplar stands much better than might be expected. I had several varieties of cedars and arbor-vita?. Cedar ot Lebanon went off in a short time, Red Virginia Cedar followed suit, but Mount Atlas Cedars did fairly well everywhere. Thuja eibirica was of no use, but T. gigantca or Lobbi, as it is also called, did better than all the rest, and this is worth knowing. It is a strong and rapid grower, and is excellent in every way. I intend to raise seed- lings, and plant it largely.

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