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BY Sqy*at ~~t *Y *nxr T0 HEE S°»» A^D JJEWITT'S ^bi°E1GINal "and CELEBRATEI) and CELEBRATED -UtBI:NG AND CALVING REMEDIES. solutely indispensable. for prostrated Cows °M?n' Colin il Diarrhoea, Debility, pfcED LRFVriT^?0*' 2°S- per doz. tvT68, Fevers' ro.-n cleansing Cows and KUn<J- Ac ^Chllls- Red Water, Hide- r,.0P5ine jprir-ftrfnent'3 Milk Fever and Tsl** doz ce (Cows), 13s.: (Ewes), 3s. 6d. 6?rS§& EXTRACT for anointing For11' ^f^ning. and Preventing Uddfxro 3 klnd3 °f Wounds, '5^ 3s fid i1*1^ Sore Teats.—Price, it 7s"^r bottle- 0Tl. deadens e..„ or Heaving and Paining. bnttJs d»» Te Pain instantly, and bottle. ue nervons system—Price 3s. 6d. per ?,"Pa:BalleLED SUCCESS OP ?,"Pa:BalleLED SUCCESS OF SON, AND JJEWITT'S x-x NCes ComLAMBlNG CHESTS, P!ete- Carriage Paid, 30s. and £ 3 3s. ^"rite fOT t> ItOYAT arnPhlet and full details: — ANIMAL medicine MANUFACTORY, 22, DOItSET-STREET, LONDON. W. Established 1833. L1977 'WHEELER'S pURE SEEDS ir Fm> ^^«JMMEDIATE SOWING. ^g^EARLIEST PEAS. ^ER^GIANT WONDER BEANS ^i:i:rEll'S perfe°tion celery ^J^J^empress cucumber PROLIFIC TOMATO £ ost ^OWgp ?^CED list of vegetable ^8t ee. it SEEDS will be sent Gratis and comprises all the choicest and W. both for exhibition and for C. WHEELER AND SON, SEED GROWERS, GLOUCESTER. c2094
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IttJRAL NOTES. 3rtTABY T. MTJIB. ^EY, GLOUCESTERSHIRE. OTA^ T0 CORRESPONDENTS. *pPias "An Old Reader."—King of for LI6+7 Dlce fruit' Chickens.—"Polly."—I deal 111 to-day's paper. Aii Chickens.—" Inquirer and Cpaj-Tr66 ^te in paper to-day. Vat?113 anri p i°n-—"J- W."—Apply to Messrs. I'eg^'ety °-> 1, Waterloo-place, Edinburgh. the eftr-h ^,r°ccoli.—" P. K."—All broccoli Sqq;] yon o n r considerably, but I believe 4 son- is Osborn's Winter 'White—a fo*" ■7?keasants in Aviary.—" Phasianus *tnt in ere is no better tonic for He .,e-. j Confinement than the Douglas lt is <H Se you to try it at the samo iy'Dlanfven to fowls. Sn°iJfce ssK? ,^°ses.—J. Noble—Do not cut Qff them at present, but let r.y Bhoni^e-vr 3X6 unt^ the end of March, •ci«v Pl pruned in the usual way. I', —J- Smith.—The plant is called Although not very shows*. °eHemi tfKjfrn reely in winter. It is one of in tL as succulent plants, and grows Mjca, g °-e open-air in the summer time. ~-It H? Hatching Irregularly—"Disap- hat the ««5i°t often that three davs occur and the last of a sitting of VanI feel quite sure the eggs °Hes E considerably in age. the late thj, oeing older by ten days or a w those which came out first. ^^luna-—" Constant Reader."— Hn,\ y 4i« an uncommon complaint jw* 8ive J^V?- It it not readily cured, and eif- c,I»aJlv <WJt- Keep it in a warm room, t °n hS^011 tea to drink, and feed it r>Mlar. *TowToot, biscuit, and yolk Ot She, f »T^e Shady Position—It. H. h«?ep Sr. 06 as grows quite as freely in a k 3ttr3 frepl-rr ■' the open, but it does not » Ud ui^tiva u 111 the former, and. as it is SfQto "ke ft out for ita flowers, I think you ^1*. QUift privet better. It would ■h J"S b-* er' a grreater height, and be .IC ^een. W a3 Window Plants.—" J. L. T."—I can- f^shea recommend you to buy some rose jP1"^ wl° grow in your window. They would tri ly fP0^ and new growth, but they would sSj clo^wer, as the atmosphe^p of a room is Vft air tK them. They need more sunshine af^an are available in a room, and they '5° ba very apt to become infested with (v%Sts 'len- 1},?^ |"ota Langshan Fowls.—"F. R. A." v/b\lu nie a n°te on his poultry manage- ffJti the 151 careful. It is said tvjk^ fy> .from the Langshan and other tr) uA^wably fertile, and I can very well (vT^.a<s ^°°.d management rarely fails of v.ari.v r/^ponding results. I cannot sug- ji5 fo\vLg °n -i' R- A.'s treatment cubage Seed—"D. P. P.I agree cQh». ^Oes a„ e Price of early kidney potato rt is so all over the %}, ^rder f_ do ,n°t think you can do better tiO but atl m .the firm whose list you men- t^ltity' y°u intend planting a considerable *n i^ii'l f„ .a,nd ask for a special quotation. tL^hem pi rruan you with this, and you will the i,l!?Wr the hundredweight or ton Vihite ^ck; or bushel. «^.E^for Young Chickens—"Anxious tho v.- f y°ik °f the egg is the best fof ^ut the white is also very PU.M or'a~„ the best way is to boil the egg 1Hci, • anvi J?11 minutes, when it will be quite tv,11, should then chop it all up, f°od ,'i- and mix it among?t their chick»^^ued egg is an excellent food for ^Vi^^on^p' xt. Sive it to them especially at fi t old the y&ar until they are a fort- 6^, at ^Rose Bush—" Sandy."—Gather them they have not fallen off, and ^oi, in o PaPer ba-g, which should be sus- ^w.5shoulrt\^ry roo,ni till the end of March. HtM +v> en pick the seeds out, and sow thft cover ST°und. Give them sandy soil, yftl ^QUi»ethem over to the depth of ^me inch. ^OiL^Okft Joses.raay appear in June, and thev the little nlants by the autumn. 1 P**1 frost ^as not ^eeu injured by the fco? ^itb Diseased Parts on Them for at)„any ii,i? c^rtainlj- do not advise you to >0i, of potatoes to plant that have thfi sUif £ >.rJ?' Parts on them. You could, as *rJh?thpTr!, Ctttthe diseased parts off them, but i.„pie'-c, although it might appear sound, te<} likely to disease after being t have the greatest aversion to plant- •>0^6 or tubers that have the slightest ,Ut them: as snch a proceeding is y result in improved or satisfactory f T ^6s' i' tar. Ivy—T. Clark—Your soil is evi- hhllfe, Poor to grow the ivy so freely as you OjJ it, ji.0. not dislike a gravel soil for ivy, Hot i res manuring, and you should at Surfa layer of cow or horse droppings over vjJU +k ace, extending eighteen inches or so hfi?*9 51. ^all. The rain will soon wash the win manure to the roots, and the .fte sr, make a free and luxuriant gTowth to?tleta ir,QI1?er- They will also form many V° tho ,tne manure, and it will put inew life Plants. for Garden Wall—"P. P."—There is tht Tha 't° equal red bricks for a garden Snii y have an agreeable appearance, and w^in .J1 all kinds of trees admirably. They tJJJts sunheat longer than stones, and the tin8- tlft always convenient to nail the As 6,lre feet would be a very suitable height. k°u build on a good, firm foundation, 'hi *iot v,V° not yet begun to build, the wall lKS'8|Jri». e ready to furnish will? fruit trees bnt if it is done by the middle of r^hler ( °u^(i train open-air tomatoes on it this <JhTa»i a°d plant the trees next autumn, ^rrt^y^pting Old Currant Bushes—" W. D." th Set rn no,t t°° °ld to transplant. You may in tyiii ck fruit from them this summer, but th I^ake much new wood and bear fuJly Di piff and manure the ground well first .V°ts ??t the bushes, make large holes for the th ^ft them with good bails of soil. Wanr 30^ firmly round them on finishing viIn! you woa'd also do wiselj' to plant hi. a<iv~i ?? bushes at the same time, as it is ha^.tkn!? 'e to have them all old. You could hi 6 su6 afc ^s- and 5s. a dozen. They should 6 biwu1* not less than one foot in length and y heads. -^ot Flowering. Wanted, a Quick Climbing Rose, &c—"L. R."—The r,?>erin'?Si differ considerably in their habit of if- S°me bloom luxuriantly annually; th hr v ^y. I fear yours is the latter. snjaii^ncnes are very close or crowded, cut ht!? air J? put at once to let more sunshine th°r. the wood and buds. If it is a fQ* Stem tree, clear the soil away from Rtft cirni a ^ePth of six inches or more and v^, ani.S,,°f eighteen inches out from the 5n^y bpst 1 the vacancy up with manure. The r»se you can plar;t to grow fast and v^'Pfu^ely is the Gloire de Dijon. No Vn, hr,i„e y can equal it. As the soil is poor, o? taki °ut and re-fill it with part of the soil *n5°Xr ut. and with a good quantity of horse V. t>lir~Umre added. Mix them well together, WrS ?t °uce. The glass-covered passage ,yoi, Lbe,a very suitable place for plants, th *S keep a few ferns in it for a few Win 960 b°w they succeed. If you find W flail grow* Please write and tell me, and I ir°<hir-oe rnLu a s^cctton of pretty kinds to > ^laut should be cool-growing sorts. Hide Stone Wall.—"Thistledown."— th^h juiderstamd, both from your letter and } jljft 'the position of the spot you wish to L^o iw*?Va,t« and shady in the summer time. aPProve of the rhododendrons you They are evergreen, and verv & when in flower if they are good v'U J«« they are very slow in growth, and it w? earsmbefore they give you the privacy k^I, 5% Irish ivy will soon cover the *k6 evi> 1 advise you to plant a quantity of ^odl ^"een broad-leaved privet behind the yeii&rcHis. Put them in a double row if you can. You can readily secure plants from a local nurseryman. Get ithem from three to four feet high, and plant them at once in rich soil. They will make a growth of two or three feet in length during the summer, and next year they will afford a complete screen. Would you not prefer grass in the centre to slag? The not prefer grass in the centre to slag? The latter will be the driest under foot, but in summer the grass is very delightful. I would suggest your plainting a weeping elm or ash tree in the centre of the circle. This would give you agreeable shade. There is no book published on laying out small gardens, but I will be glad to give you any information you may require. Colonial Questions.—" W. D."—(1) The calf of a, heifer is neither so big nor strong, as a rule, as one from an older cow, and the best stock breeder3 generally sell these as calves, as by raring r THI breeding from them again the stock would be very apt to degenerate, but in ordinary everyday farming very little attention is paid to whether it is a first calf or not. 1 am ill favour of your Colonial prejudice in this matttr. (2) Some have their heifers served when from twelve to fourteen months odd, but this is too young, and has also a tendency to degene- rate the stock. Eighteen months is a more desirable age. and is favoured by the best breeders. The latter make the largest and finest cows, and tho calf from a heifer about that age is stronger than from one served as a yearling. i3) The very best ducks are bred from ducks from eighteen months to two years old, with a drake of the same age. and much success attends breeding from two year old ducks with a yearling dryke, but the ducks at four years old would give very poor results. They would ba late in the spring in laying, and not lay halt' Ko many eggs as those one and two years old. They may be tolerated till the third year, but not longer. (4) Linsesd jellv is a very good fattening food for ducklings if given at the rate of one to three of barley, maize. or other mea15. 151 Where eggs only are wanted hens lay quite as well without the company of male birds as with them, but where many fowls are kept the old one-i must be cleared off a.nd young ones bi ought on annually, and this is best and cheapest done by rearing a number of chickens annually. Should you decide to do tJlis-and I advise you to do it—you must keep some male birds, but if you do not care to let them go with the main stock of hens you can pen up a few for breeding. (6) The English-made incubators are very satisfactory machines. They vnry in r-rice from 50s. for a thirty-egg one to £5 for a hundred-egg one. The cheapest and best, in my (pinion, is the Nelson. The hatching capabilities of all of them depends considerably on the fertility of the eggs. Fifty per cent. is a very poor result. Eighty-five or 90 is the average where everything is in unison.
I PREPARING GRAPE VINES FOR…
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PREPARING GRAPE VINES FOR GROWING. I am always glad to learn of readers having one or more vines in their small glass-houses. They are always interesting, especially when bearing fruit, and they do not interfere to any extent with plant growing in the same house. Those with many glass-houses devote one or more of them to grapes only, but few amateurs can do this, and, although the grapes may not be quite so good when grown with other plants as by themselves, such fruit is generally very satisfactory. The more natural the vines are grown the easier they are to manage, and the crop will be better than if any attempt were made to force the vines in the early spring months. The end of March is quite soon enough for the vines to start into growth. They will get well into leaf in April, form their fruit early in June, and ripen by the end of Sep- tember, which is a very suitable time, as the outdoor fruits are plentiful up till then, and the grapes succeed at their termination. The advantages of the vines not starting into growth till the end of March are the long rest they have and the finer weather and longer days that they experience—all points in favour of luxuriant growth and full fertility. But, although they may not begin growing till April, they should be made ready to do so before that. Vine roots should always be near the surface of the soil. They are close to their food there, and receive the full benefit of the sun, all of which agrees with them. If there is a quantity of soil on the surface of the bed in which the vines are that contain few or no roots, remove the whole of this, and re-place it with a good mixture of loam and half- decayed manure at the rate of three-parts of the former to one of the latter. If a quantity of crushed bones or Thomson's Vina Manure can be added, it will be a great help. If the bed is well filled with roots up to the surface, merely fork it over to a. depth of three inches or so, and place a good layer of short stable manure on the surface. Should there be any collection of liquid manure from a stable or cow-shed, saturate the roots with this twice in March. Do this whether the border is moist or not. If the roots are inside and the soil has become dry, soak it several times. When the soil is well impregnated with rich liquid at this time the growth is extra luxuriant and the bunches are superior in size. If any vines have not been pruned, do so at once. Do not crowd the rods. They should never be closer than four feet to each other. Cut the side shoots that were formed last year into two buds from where they started. Do this with a sharp knife, and cut them straight through. Remove any loose bark that is on the old rod, but do not scrape it off so hard as to peel the wood. Wash the rods well with soft soap and warm water. The wood- work and glass should also be washed, and all made clean. Put some cow droppings, a little clay, and half a pound of flowers of sulphur into a dish. Add some water, enough to make it into a paint; mix it well together, and then brush it on the vines. Do them all over. This is a very health-giving operation, and it helps to destroj* any insects that may exist. The rods should not be tied up into their permanent position at present. Suspend them a foot or so lower than where they will be tied to', and let them remain like this till the young growths are two to three inches long. Vines so treated always start more freely into growth than whan tied close up at first. "RURAL NOTES" IN THE ANTIPODES. In a letter I publish to-day from a reader at Victoria, New South Wales, I am pleased to learn that these notes are useful in that part of the universe. I know those who are dis- posed to be very critical may say that cultural instructions which may suit growers and fanciers in some countries, or in the South or Midlands, would not be applicable in the North or elsewhere, but this I do not agree with, and my opinion is verified from all parts. I know that the weather and climate vary. In some localities the weather and soil might be quite suitable for sowing and planting early in March, while in other districts the right time might not arrive till April; but the manner of doing the work and the attention required arc much the same the world over, and I am very glad that readers can adapt the informa- tion so satisfactorily to their widely different circumstances. It is my anxious desire that they should do so, and those who have failed hitherto may profit by the letter from Australia. STERILE FRUIT TREES—BULLFINCHES AND FRUIT BUDS. I often hear of readers who have fruit trees that do not bear a full crop or fail to produce either flowers or fruit. They say they are healthy and look capable of bearing fruit, and they cannot account for- their sterility. The failure is suspected to be from the soil being unsuitable or reverses from climatic condi- tions, and I cannot but agree that these circum- stances are responsible for failures, but there are others which may be suggested, and amongst them I do not know of a more fertile one than the destruction created by bullfinches. They are terrible plagues to fruit trees, and destroy innumerable buds in the winter and spring without the tree owners knowing what was occurring. I know of an orchard which was most promising in the autumn for plenty of blossom the following spring. The branches were bristling with bloom buds when the leaves fell off. The following April the leaves came, but no blossom, and there was not a hundred flowers on scores of trees. Apples, pears, and plums wette all flowerless. The owner could not account for it, as the weather was in favour of the trees and successful blooming. When I was asked to examine the trees at the end of May I noticed the foliage was not so luxuriant as it should have been, but I could find no trace of disease or any undue prevalence 07 pests. I remarked, however, that bullfinches were somewhat numerous, and the owner told me he was exceedingly fond of this bird, and especially admired their fine plumage. Asked as to whether he noticed many of them in the winter time. he said there were dozens amongst the trees in his grounds and orchard, and I at once knew that the failure of the fruit crop was due to the presence of this bird, as it is in very many instances. I admire the appear- ance of this bird, although its song cannot recommend it to anyone, and I have no sym- pathy with it in the enormous destruction it works amongst fruit trees. It does not afford a particle of compensation for this, and I urge fruit tree owners to keep a very sharp look-out for it from now until the trees come into bloom. Its one-note whistle can easily be identified. The cock is the most conspicuous, ai he has a slate grey body, a rosy breast, steel blue WhlgS and tail, and a black head— a pretty bird certainly, and would be most welcome were it not for the one fault I com- plain of; and that is unpardonable where one values their fruit crops. It is no use anyone thinking the fruit buds will escape their notice; they will not. If there is a bullfinch and a fruit tree in the same district the "bully" will be there. Unwilling as I am to destroy any bird that does not afford food for the people. yet, being guided by the destruction I have repeatedly seen the bullfinch commit, I can suggest nothing else than to destroy it. This proceeding will not, I know, meet with the approval of all readers, but, be it understood. I do not advocate its universal extinction, but onJy its close restriction in districts and parts where it is destructive to the prospects of the fruit crops. GROWING CARROTS, BEETROOT, AND PARSNIPS FOR EXHIBITION. A Suffolk reader is anxious to grow the above roots for exhibition, and, no doubt, many others would be equally glad to have them of a superior description, as good roots are not only valuable for exhibition, but most acceptable on the table as well. Of the three the carrots are the most difficult to grow. No pest injures beetroot, and parsnips do not suffer in this way either, but carrots are very apt to be worm-eaten. All require a deep, somewhat light soil. Deep digging is the foun- dation work of good .root growing, and is especially desirable when the roots are grown foc exhibition. Indeed, it is absolutely neces- sary, as, unless the roots can penetrate freely, they will never be of the right proportions. Many fine roots of the kinds named are picked out of the ordinary crops, and shown success- fully. I like this manner of selecting speci- mens, as it indicates the general cultivation is excellent, but some readers wish to grow these penetrating roots especially, and it is the mode of doing this they wish to leju-n. This I will detail. The soil should receive a good dressing of soot, and be dug eighteen inches deep at least, in February or March at the latest. Sow the parsnips at the middle of March, the carrots the first week in April, and th3 beetroot early in May. As the time to sow each arrives, take a dibber a little thicker than one's wrist and from eighteen inches to two feet in length, and make holes in the ground with tn's to those depths. At the same time mix up a quantity of material to fill these holes. This should be half sand, one-part finely-sifted soil, and the other short, well-decayed manure. Add a little soot to this, and a sprinkling of guano or Thomson's Plant Manure. Mix all together over and over again, then fill up each hole made with the dibber with this mixture. Press it down firmly, and up to the level of the surrounding soil. Make a little hole in the centre of the part that has been filled up to a depth of two inches, drop a few seeds in, and cover over. The parsnips should be sown at a distance of eighteen inches from row to row and one foot from plant to plant. The carrots should be one foot one way and eight inches the other apart, and ths beetroot a little more. The best produce must have plenty of space between the plants, and grow- ing show roots especially require a good deal of space. But almost every root can be depended on to be of an exhibition stamp, and a great quantity need not be grown. Four or five dozen first-class roots of each will carry the grower successfully through as mazy shows as he chooses to exhibit at. When the young plants are from two to three inches in height, every plant excepting one—the strongest— should be drawn out, and in doing so take a blunt-ended piece of stick, and carefully ram the soil round the one that remains.. If ^he weather is dry in May and June, give the tops a little moisture in the evening, but do no.t water the roots, as the dryness on the surface will induce the roots to go down deeply in search of moisture, and this will give the desired length; but if the weather is dry in July and August saturate them to the bottom, if possible, once a week with weak soot water. This will cause the roots to swell out and- become of fine dimensions. Years ago I was exceedingly fond and successful in growing roots in the mode I have described. I admit there is a good deal of work with them, but the pleasure and compensation are also considerable. DRINK FOR ymJXG CHICKENS. Opinions are divided as to whether it is best to give young chickens drink or not. Some say they should have drink from the first; others assert it is best not to let them have any till they are a fortnight or more old. I agree with both. under certain condi- tions. I approve of giving them drink from the second or third day onwards in May and June, or in warm, dry weather; but I fully believe that in February and March —and April, too, if the weather is cold—they succeed best without any drink for the first fortnight or more. I have tried them both ways, and I found that those which received no drink were the most healthy and the least liable to sickness. I have a considerable number of January and February hatched chickens being reared now, and none of them as yet have had any water given them, and they are all doing so well that they cannot have suffered from a, defi- ciency of anything. The most tender period of a chicken's life is so long as it is covered with down. When it is covered with feathers it is more hardy, and in the early spring I am always giad to see them put on their first feathers. Until then they require much care, especially in such weather as we have expe- rienced of late, and I advise my readers to try 1heir chickens without any drink in the times I suggest. In chilly weather young chickens are very liable to be affected with diarrhoea. It wrecks them, and I have found that those which receive no drink suffer least, or are generally exempt. I can affirm that it is no cruelty to withhold liquid from them at this time, but it is difficult in warm, dry weather, although even then they may be kept without drink for two or three weeks at first without it telling against them in the slightest. This I have proved, and I daresaj* it may occur to some that chickens are not the only members of the feathered tribe that are great teetotalers in their infancy, as the wild birds that are confined to their nests for the first three or four weeks of their existence at various eleva- tions on trees receive no drink till they are able to reach the ground, which suggests that withholding drink from chickens is not alto- gether an unnatural process. THE FIRST CROP OF BROAD BEANS. Taking my own taste as a guide, I never advise anyone to grow broad beans extensively for their own use. The proverbial "beans and bacon" are very acceptable once or twice, but no one would care to eat broad beans day after day in the manner they relish peas, potatoes, and some other vegetables, and, like all kitchen garden produce, the beans are most appreciated early in the season. This is probably as much owing to their becoming ready for use early as to their own merits. A little sowing made now will furnish a gatnnr-| ing or two in June at the latest. The bean is a rank-growing plant, and is not particular as to the kind of soil it is planted in. It is partial to a clayey soil, but this material is not in favour of the seed germinating freely at this time, and it may be sown in a light soil. The soil of ordinary gardens will suit it everywhere just now. The young plants are very hardy, and are rarely hindered or injured by frost. Manure and dig the soil well, open drills three feet apart and three inches deep; make a double row of the seed, drop them in two inches apart, put a thin layer of grit or sand on them, then fill over with soil. Tread this down firmly on the top of the seed, and wben the young plants are from four to six inches high draw a, quantity of the soil on each side up to the stems. When the pods begin to form take the point out of each. Plant three or four clusters of bloom up from tha lowermost, as this causes the pods to swell and the beans to form very fast. Mice are very foud of broad beans when newly sown, and care must be taken that they do not destroy them. EARLY SEAKALE. Very many will be glad that as the season advances a greater variety of vegetables are more readily produced, and the tender sub- stance and delicate flavour of the new growth are particularly acceptable. I never like to force seakale too early, as the produce is weakly, but it may be grown now very success- fully. There are several ways of treating it. If the roots are dug up, ten or a dozen of them planted closely together in large flower- pots. and placed in a warm pit, glass-house, or cut-house. they will soon grow and yield heavily. Keep the roots moist, and the tops in the dark to blanch them. This may be done by turning another pot of the same size as the roots are in upside down, and put it over tin top. Where there is a glass-house, with a stage in it, the seakale will grow freely if placed under the stage. The bell-shaped eea- kale pots which will be known to many are useful for advancing growth. They should be put over the crowns, and hot manure placed round them in a firm mound up to the level of the top of the pot. If a few roots are covered over weekly from now onwards a con- stant supply will be produced with very little trouble. Another way, although rather a slow one, is to put some fine ashes over the crowns to a depth of one foot. As growth goes on the kale will push up through the ashes and become beautifully blanched and very robust. One or other of the three ways I have suggested will be sure to meet the facilities of my readers, and I may remark that in whichever way the crowns and roots are forced they may be grown in the usual way next summer. If they are lifted and potted, take them from the pots when the produce is cut, cover the roots with soil, but leave the crowns exposed, and plant them in April to grow for further use. EAST LOTHIAN STOCKS. After recommending these a year or two ago I was pleased to learn that they had been grown by many, who found them, as I antici- pated, the most beautiful class of stocks they had ever cultivated. I also heard of one or two failures. The plants grew well enough, but they were so late that they did not flower in the same summer as they were sown. This was disappointing, but where they were left in the ground their longness in flowering was amply compensated for by the fine display they made in the spring of the following year. It is, however, more satisfactory when they flower in the same summer as that in which the seed is sown, and they will never fail to do this if the seed is sown sufficiently early. The best. growers of them sow the seed under the protection of a frame or greenhouse in Feb- ruary, and it is well to sow in March, if possible, or certainly not later than the begin- ning of April. The seed may be sown in boxes or pots somewha.t thickly, and the plants can be transplanted when large enough to handle. This system I advise as economising spare at first, as if the plants can be induced to attain a height of one or two inches early in April they will flower in June or July, and continue to do so till winter-a condition which can- not be expected if the seed is not Sown till May, which was the case when they failed to flower. The stocks have a spreading habit of growth. The colours are distinct—pure white, bright scarlet, deep purple, and a glowing crimson. There are more double flowers in this class of stock than any other, and they are so lasting and compact that they are often grown in flower gardens where none but the best classes of plants are admitted. I well remember the sensation these stocks created when first introduced in EasJlLothian, and they have never decreased in popularity. I have, however, often had "East Lothian stocks" pointed out to me that had no connection with the true varieties, and, as I learn from more than one reader that there is an anxiety to secure the pure kinds, these, I may remark, are obtainable from Messrs. Dicksons and Co., Seedsmen, 1, Waterloo-place, Edinburgh. AN INTERESTING LETTER FROM VICTORIA. "W. D. writing from Gippsiand, Victoria, remarks:—"It is the greatest pleasure I have to read your 'Rural Notes" in the paper I receive from the 'old country' weekly. for, although the seasons are directly opposite, yet they are of as much value to me here as if I were in England. I would be glad if you would let me know one or two things that are diffi- cult for me to ascertain here, more particu- larly as there is a more slipshod fashion of working here to what there is at home. I will give you some idea of how I am placed. I had no practical knowledge of farming, dairying, or pastoral pursuits till I came here. I was a seaman" and eighteen months ago a ship mate, telling me of the advantages of having a 'section,' induced me to take one of 99 acres, and I am going in for dairying, pig and poultry rearing, and fruit growing. You will have a knowledge of the vast amount of work to be done generally in such an under- taking, but I have been very lucky in securing a section at the best time possible. Before I had been a month at work the fires that caused so much distress in Gippsiand last January benefited me by sweeping over almost the whole of my block, and I sowed 40 acres with grass seed without putting an axe to it. I purchased four young cows in calf, and later on five heifers, bat as yet I have no accommodation for dairy work. I leased the milkers out, and put the young stock on the grass with a young bull the same age as_the heifers. They were twelve months old. I then cleared about half an acre, and fenced it in. as the wallaby is a destructive animal. This I planted with apple trees. The varieties are Northern Spy. Rok- wood, Dainelows' Seedling, Rymer. Munroe's Favourite, Jonathan, and Ben Davies. Virgin land which these trees are planted in is most difficult to tackle. The clearing of the ground oi large trees is a serious and expensive matter. I felled one last week which at fifteen feet from the ground measured 7ft. 9in. in diameter, and I estimated it at 250ft. in length. But I must now ask my questions: — (1) There seems to be a groat prejudice here to rear a heifer's first calf. Is it any detri- ment in any way to retain and breed from such? (2) Is twelve months old too early to pui a heifer to a bull? (3) What is the best age of 'ducks to begin setting their eggs? Would ducks four years old and a drake one year old be a success? (4) Is linseed jelly too rich to give to ducklings in fattening for market? (5) Is an egg farm better without any cocks? (6) What is the price of English incu- bators and the general percentage of hatch- ing? The Colonial article does not seem to me very satisfactory. The hatching is about 50 per cent." "W. D." will find replies to his questions in "Answers to Correspondents."
'I I "VALES PAST1 AND FUTURE.'…
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'I I "VALES PAST1 AND FUTURE.' LECTURE BY MR. J. HUGH EDWARDS. Mr. J. Hugh Edwards, editor of "Young Wales,' addressed the Cardiff Cymmrodorion on Friday night on "Wales: Its Future in the Light of Its Past."—Piincipal W. Edwards, who presided, said, in introducing the lecturer, there was no magazine he so thoroughly enjoyed as "Young WaleS-" Its exuberant patriotism vas inspiring. and he hoped to see its editor before long chosen to represent a Welsh constituency. (Applause.V- Quoting Sir Osborne Morgan's remark that while by the majority of Englishmen the nationality of Scotsmen is regarded with good- natured toleration or sentimental sympatny, and that of Irishmen with growing alarm or awakening self-reproach, that of AVelshnien, the most strongly marked of all, is regarded with something. like contemptuous indifference. Mr. Edwards proceeded to show that this is no mere passing whim, but an inherited aversion, begotten in the far past and accumulated by a long series of byegone generations. He gave a historical resume, in which he showed that from the moment Sais a Chymro first came into contact the history of the Welsh nation had been one of ceaseless, determined, heroic struggle to resist the constant and fierce attempts of its powerful neighbours to crush its national spirit and destroy its national identity. Armed oppression inspired the patriotic cam- paigns of Llewelyn and Glyndwr; while the contemptuous indifference on the part of the conqueror, which consigned the Principality to the grossest superstition and ignorance, had brought forth Bishop Morgan, John Penry, and Griffith Jones. True, the old regime of oppres- sion and of scornful neglect has now for ever gone, but he contended that the dangers that menace the vitality and distinctiveness' have by no means disappeared. Chief among these dangers is commercial Philistinism, which is a more powerful solvent of national sentiment than the most rigorous oppres- sion. In every direction its blighting influence could be clearly discerned. Even the rugged eld mountains of our land—for many cen- turies the most powerful bulwarks of Welsh nati6nahty—were being ruthlessly trampled upon by this new and subtle foe. He pro- ceeded to show that the special mission and destiny of a country like Wales, which finds the fullest expression of its life and energy in the eisteddfod and cymanfa, in the Sunday School, and the native university, is to hold before a Philistine and materialistic age the great truth that the greatness of a people is determined by higher considerations than mere extent of territory and superiority of arms. There could be no greater consummation—none so beneficial to the cause of humanity at large —than the realisation Mathew Arnold's desire of blending of the greater spirituality and delicacy of the Welsh with the intensly practical materialistic tempera- ment of the English nation. But if Wales is to realise so magnificent a sway, and, like ancient Greece, make its conqueror prisoner, he contended that two inherent weaknesses must be set aside. The one is that spirit of dis- union which makes itself manifest in the old feud between North and South, and especially in the sharp sectarian antagonisms and rivalries that so often mar our public life. The other weaknesses portrayed was the spirit of isolation. Splendid isolation, doubt- less, was a wise policy in European deities, but not in the domain of nationalities. As illustrating how entirely t at sea the English people were in their conception of Welsh character, he mentioned that even in the "Encyclopaedia Erltannica," although several pages are given to the history of England, Scotland, and Ireland respectively, one turns to Wales to find: Wales, see England. Wales, with its noble reoord of a distinctive nationality, literature, and history, is dismissed as a mere geographical expression. He thought that Wales would do well to emu- late the example of Scotland. The isolation which characterised Welsh national life in the past was undoubtedly due to the lack of oppor- tunity for educational equipment. With the establishment of the present complete system he confidently looked forward to an enlightened and united Wales, from which the harsh note of bitter controversies shall have for ever gone. A vote of thanks to the lecturer was moved by Professor Barbier, seconded by Father Hayde, supported by the Hon. D. T. Phillips, the American Consul, and accorded by the meeting with much spirit.
------THE BEQUEST TO C^THDIFF…
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THE BEQUEST TO C^THDIFF MUSEimV COMMITTEE DECLINE TO ACCEPT. It will be remembered that at the last meet- ing of the Cardiff Museum Committee it was reported that the late Mr. John Evan Davies, solicitor, of Clifton, had under his will offered the whole of his valuable natural history and antiquarian collection to the museum authori- ties. The will at that time had not been proved, but in order to expedite matters the bequest was made known to the committee by one of the executors (Mr. Fred A. Jenkins), who explained that it was made under the condition that the whole of the articles bequeathed should be placed in a room or space to them- selves, to be known as "The Davies Collection," and in order to defray whatever cost this might incur the testator bequeathed the sum of £300. The collection, whilst containing many articles of value, was on the whole a very heterogeneous one, and the honorary curators then recommended that. whilst each object exhibited should bear a label with the words "Part of the Davies Collection," the bequest could only be accepted on the condi- tion that each article should take its proper place in the full collection. A deputation, con- sisting of Mr. C. A. J. Ward (chairman), Dr. Vachell, and Mr. Henry White, wa3 appointed to interview the executors and the substituted legatee upon the matter, and to try and get their consent to the collection being distri- buted. A special meeting of the committee was held on Friday evening to receive the report of the deputation, and Mr. Henry White, who was spokesman at Clifton, said they had found that the alternative legatee was Mr. Jenkins himself, and that if the conditional bequest was not accepted by the oommittee the whole of the collection, as well as a portion of the £300. would go to that gentleman.—Dr. Vachell said Mr. Jenkins seemed full of a desire to show them how utterly impossible it was for them to accept the benefaction.—Eventually the committee decided that in consequence of the conditions imposed tho bequest could not be accepted.
[No title]
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Don't delay if you feel out of sorts." Take Owilym Evans Quinine Bitters, the Vegetable Trmic. It is the best remedy of the age for various ailments. Bottles, 2s. 9d. and 4a. 6d. Avoid imitations. 44617—1
LOCAL RAILWAY COMPANIES. .
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LOCAL RAILWAY COMPANIES. HALF-YEARLY MEETINGS- THE RHYIOET RAILWAY. The half-yearly meeting of the Rhymney Railway Company was held at the Angel Hotel, Cardiff, on Friday, under the presidency of Mr. William Austin. Amongst those present were Messrs. F. G. Evans. J. H. Smith, J. Brog- den, E. F. North, and William Vachell (direc- tors), Dr. Taylor, Dr. G. Neale, Messrs. H. G. White, T. H. Stephens, H. P. Linton, G. C. Thompson, E. T. Lyddon, F. J. Pearson. A. Thackeray, J. B. Ferrier, J. O. Frazer, A. Dun- can, J. W. A. Stevens. J. W. Courtis, Dr. W. T. Edwards, and Mr. C. Lundie (general manager), Mr. W. Fairlamb (secretary), and Mr. T. Farrance (accountant). The Chairman, in moving the adoptionlof the report and accounts, referred to the loss the company had sustained ia the retirement of Mr. John Boyie, who had written to wish them prosperity, and stating he was glad that things were going on so well that they were able to pay a small dividend. The loss in revenue which the company had sustained was entirely due to the strike, their decrease in mineral traffic having amounted to 764,000 tons, representing .EM,702. Their loss on merchandise traffic was £6,950. Their receipts in 1897 amounted to £Z52.Li19, and in 1353 £185,202, show- ing a decrease of £57,527. The dividend in 1897 of 10i per cent, amounted to £ 67,000, so that the actual loss to the company was equal to the whole of the dividend paid in 1897. It was only by the most rigid economy that they had been able to reduce the expenditure by £16,3G4, which, with the balance brought forward, enabled them to declare a dividend of 3 per cent.. and thus save their preferc11 tial stocks as trust securi- ties. He was nleasei to statA that they had now recovered from the effects of the strike, and for some weeks the returns were even better than in the corresponding period of the previous year, which was a record year. Commenting upon the absence of railway Bills in Parliament this session, the Chairman went on to say that there must have been an under- standing between the various parties not to attack each other, at al. events for a certain time. He thought that was one of the most favourable features with regard to railway pro- perty that had taken place for a long time, and he hoped that this truce would ripen into some further understanding and possible union. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Franklen G. Evans seconded the propo- sition. Mr. J. B. Ferrier said he wished to state that he did not approve of the action of the board in electing Mr. William Vachell as a director in the place of Mr. John .Boyle. In disap- proving the selection of Mr. WiJiarn Vachell, he wished it to be clcarly understood that he did so not because his name was not a well- known one, and much respected in Cardih. but because he felt that his qualifications were not such as the shareholders had a right to expect. He was at a loss to understand why the board had fixed upon a man who had severed his connection with trade and commerce for many long years past in preference to one whose life was spent in the midst of commercial activity, with a knowledge of trade require- ments. and whose influence might be applied in ftie interests of the enterprise. (Hear. hear.) He could not more strongly emphasise this point than by referring to the election of the Hon. Ivor Guest on the board of the Taff Vale Rail- way, where his influence and youthful activity would be invaluable. The time had gone by when they should seek to adorn boards of direc- tors from tlie ranks of those who had sought the retirement of private hie. They might as well seek to recruit the Army and Navy from the ranks of old pensioners. (Hear, hear.) The board of the Rhymney Company was mainly composed of men far advanced in years, and he could not help feeling that the restful and passive attitude which had characterised them in time^ past had much to do with the successful invasion of their territory by the Barry Railway Company. In order to guard against further incursions, and to protect their property, it was necessary that they should strengthen the board with commercial men, who would be active and always ready to grasp a point of 'vantage and make- the most of it. He saw that Mr. William Austin and Mr. J. Hudson Smith were candidates for re-election, and, with the objeei of showing to the board that the shareholders were not satisfied wita its composition, he should move that Mr. Hudson Smith be not re-elected. The Chairman pointed out that such a motion was at present out of order, as they were considering the accounts. Mr. Ferrier said he was not sanguine enough to imagine that the shareholders could alter the composition of the board that \Lay, but he had indicated what would be required of the directors, and he, therefore, need say nothing about the future. The task he had imposed upon himself was not an agreeable one, but it was a matter of principle, and he knew that the opinions he had expressed had the approval of a large percentage of the shareholders. (Hear, hear). Mr. T. H. Stephens, while complimenting Mr. Ferrier on his excellent speech, pointed out that Mr. William Vachell was a very well- known and honourable man. He was an old Cardiffian, had occupied the position of mayor of the town, and knew the district and its requirements. He was not going to discuss the qualification of the directors, but he thought it only right he should say what he had about Mr. Vachell. The resolution was then put to the meeting and carried without opposition. THE DIVIDEND. On the motion of the Chairman, seconded by Mr. J. Hudson Smith, a dividend was declared at the rate of 3 per cent. per annum on the original ordinary stock, and at the same rate on the preferred ordinary stock, payable on the 14th inst. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS. Mr. Franklen Evans then moved the re-election of Mr. W. Austin and Mr. J. H. Smith as directors, but, at the request of the share- holders, he altered the resolution so that the. names could be submitted separately. Mr. Brogden seconded the re-election of the chairman, and the proposition was unanimously carried. Mr. Franklen Evans then proposed the re-elec- tion of Mr. J Hudson Smith, who, he said, ha.d been associated with the board for the last 25 years, and had rendered valuable service. The Chairman seconded the proposition, and also al/uded to Mr. Smith's qualifications. Mr. Ferrier then moved an amendment that Mr. Smith be not elected. There were many men amongst the shareholders who were not Mr. Smith be not elected. There were many men amongst the shareholders who were not young commercially, and who were not wanting in experience who were well qualified for the position. He was prepared to admit that in past years the directors had done their best, but how far that best went was a question that might be debatable. He held very strongly that if the board of the Rhymney Railway Company had been what it might have been the Barry Com- pany would not have succeeded in invading their territory. He did not desire to see coal which was carried over the Rhymney removed to Barry or any other district. The railway com- pany was built practically as a compact with the Bute Docks Company, and the Rhymney Railway produce naturally should gravitate to the Bute Docks, and he desired that that should be the fact both in the interest of the shareholders and of the town which had ex- pended a tremendous lot of money in rates on improvements, and depended on its increase to recover the money borrowed on the rates. The question was a very important one, and what the result would be remained to be seen. If they were not success, ful to-day, perhaps, they would be next year. (Hear, hear.) The Chairman intimated that he could not take Mr. Ferrier's proposition as an amend- ment because it was a direct negative to the resolution. Those who supported Mr. Ferrier could vote against the resolution. Mr. Ferrier: All right. We will take it as a negative. The Chairman said before putting the reso- lution he wished to support the action of the board in selecting Mr. Vachell. He was well known and respected, and. although he had a certain number of years on his head, he had plenty of energy left, and he had the ripeness of experience. It was not always expedient to select active commercial men. because it some- times happened that they were so engrossed in the conduct of their own affairs that their services for anyone else were of a spasmodic character and could not be relied upon. The resolution was then put to the meeting, and carried with only six dissentients. Mr. J. B. Davies proposed the election of Mr. Ivor J. Roberts as an auditor of the company, and the resolution was seconded by Mr. J. B. Ferrier. Mr. T. H. Stephens proposed that Mr. R. H. March be elected, and this proposition was s-econded by Dr. Taylor. The Chairman put the resolution, and announced that Mr. March had been elected by fifteen votes to twelve. The vote was chal- lenged, and a second show of hands taken, with the result that Mr. March was declared elected by seventeen votes to fourteen. Mr. Ferrier: I am sorry to make a remark on the election, because directors usually allow shareholders to make the selection of auditor without the interference of the board. The board m this instance has carried Mr. March. It is most unusual. (Hear, hear.) The Chairman: I don't think the board lose their right to vote. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Ferrier: It is most unusual. The Chairman: I don't know either myself, but I think under the circumstances the man who is local and close to us should have the office. Mr. Ferrier: They are both local. Will you allow me to ask whether a vote is influenced by the holding of a shareholder, because I hold as much stock in the Rhymney Railway Company as four of the directors put together? I want the chairman's ruling as to the value of a vote. Is every vote of equal value? If it is I shall demand a poll, It is simply because the directors have exercised a power which is unusual. The Chairman: If you wish for a poll we must have it. Mr. Ferrier: If you exercise your vote I shall demand a poll. The Chairman here consulted with his col- leagues, and then announced that he would take a show of hands once more, and the directors would abstain from voting. He pointed out, however, that the man who lost could still demand a poll. After a little further discussion a vote was again taken, and the Chairman declared Mr. March elected by 14 votes to 13. I Mr. Ferrier: I counted fourteen myself. I think it is wrong again. By this time there was a general exodus from the rcom, so that it was impossible to take another vote. Mr. F. J. Beavan proposed a vote of thanks to the chairman and directors, and tirs was seconded by Mr. P. Davies (Bedwas) and carried. The meeting then terminated.
CARDIFF RAILWAY COMPANY
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CARDIFF RAILWAY COMPANY The twenty-fifth ordinary general meeting of th?. Cardiff Railway Company was held on Fri- day at the company's offices, 22a, Queen Anne's- gate, Westminster. Sir John Gunn presided, and the only other director present was Mr. Archi- bald R. C. Pitman. None of the shareholders attended, the only gantlenisn present being Mr. J. S. Corbett (solicitor to the company) and Mr. Henry A. Roberts (secretary). The Chair- man moved the adoption of the report (which has already appeared in our financial columns), and said that as there were no shareholders present to make any comment upon it or the statement of accounts, he should merely move that they should be adopted.— Mr. A. R. C. Pitman seconded the proposition. which was carried—Two of the directors (the Marquess of Bute and Mr. Fredk. I. Pitman) who retired from office by rotation, were re- elected, and Mr. Jas. Haldane was also re- appointed one of the company's auditors— This concluded the business. A special meeting was then held for the purpose of considering, and. if thought fit, approving of the following Bill proposed to be introduced into Parliament in the ensuing session, entitled A Bill for Empowering the Cardiff Railway Company to Construct New Railways, and to Abandon the Construction of Portions of Railways already Authorised; for extending the Time for the Purchase of Lands and for the Completion of Certain Railways, and for other Purposes."— Mr. Corbett said that. although the Bill was to authorise the company to construct what were called seven new railways and to abandon por- tions of authorised railways, the real purport and effect of it was merely to authorise cer- tain deviations of already authorised lines rear the dock end. It had been found possible to make certain arrangements with the Great Western Railway Company whereby part of the work would be carried on in the same bank as their line which was authorised in 1896, with equal facilities to the public and the saving of expense. These lines were devia- j tions consequent upon that, and no new capital would be raised. Although the Bill was < described as for new railways and abandon- ments, nothing was really abandoned, but it was for the substitution of a different line of route. On the motien of the chairman, seconded by Mr. A. R. C. Pitman, a resolution was passed approving of the Bill. and the proceed- ings terminated.
BARRY RAILWAY. •
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BARRY RAILWAY. • The half-yearly meeting of th-3 Barry Rail- way Company wa.s held at the offices, Cardiff Exchange, on Friday, afternoon. Lord Wind- sor (chairman of the company) presided, and the other directors present were Messrs. F. L. Davis, R. Forrest, L. Gueret. G. F. Insole, and T. R. Thompson. There was a large atten- dance of shareholders. The Noble Chairman, in moving the adoption of the report, said he hoped that the share- holders, taking into consideration the great upheaval of commerce throughout the whole district caused by the colliers' strike, would consider it a satisfactory one. In consequcncs of that strike the shipments for the year were reduced by 1,487,729 tons, and the receipts by £74.274. If the shipments since the beginning of the present year were maintained, they would reach by the end of December something like 7,500,000 tons, although there were only six tips on the new dock at work. The comple- tion of this dock had been delayed by the wet weather, but he hoped that the capital ex- pended upon it would be as remunerative as that laid out on the original dock. (Hear, hear). Referring to the Vale of Glamorgan Railway, he said that the line was opened by arrangement without prejudicing in any way the position of the Barry Company. The working of the Vale of Glamorgan had resulted up to the present time in a loss to the Barry Company-a losq which, he was glad to say, was being diminished as traffic increased, and which, he hoped, in the course of time would entirely disappear. The cost of working the temporary loop-line at Porthkerry was considerably greater lhan the cost of working the original line, and the directors thought it was just that the increased cost should fail upon the Vale of Glamorgan shareholders, there being no obligation on the part of the Barry Company to make the loop-line, the working of which had prestrvel to the Vale of Glamor- gan Company a revenue which would otherwise have ceased until the restoration and re-open- ing for traffic of the viaduct By the agreement between the two companies, by which the Barry Company undertook to work the Vale of Gla- morgan traffic, it was provided that the Barry Company might call upon the Vale of Glamor- gan to double their line and provide additional accommodation. That was deemed advisable in the interests of everybody, both from motives of economy of working and general policy. It was agreed that th,) doubling should take place during the construction of the line. The direc- tors of the Barry Company had proposed to the Vale of Glamorgan Company that the guarantee which was given under the agreement of the 28th of May, 1894, should be applied to all the capital properly expended in and about the construction of the undertaking. The directors of the Barry Company did not propose to apply the guarantee to any capital which might be required to restore the viaduct or to construct the loop-line over which the traffic was now being worked, as they were of opinion that any loss arising therefrom should fall upon the Vale of Glamorgan, it being a matter in which the Barry Company had no interest whatever. They hoped, however, that the Vale of Glamorgan Company would be able to recover their loss from the contractors. Lord Windsor reminded the shareholders that previous to the opening of the No. 2 Dock, in October, there was a large amount of capital — £ 900^,000—which was unproductive. Mr. Archibald Hood, who seconded the adop- tion of the report, stated that he was struck by the chairman's remark that the shipments at Barry were equal to seven and a half million tons a year. The most sanguine of the pro- moters of that deck did not expect to ship more than two to three million tons. The report was adopted, and a dividend at the rate of 6 per cent. per annum declared. Messrs. F. L. Davis, G. F. Insole, and J. Howard Thomas were re-elected directors. An extraordinary meeting of the company was then held, when the Bill now before Par- liament was approved for giving power to the company to acquire additional lands and raise further capital. The Vale of Glamorgan Bill, by which powers are taken to raise additional capital. was also approved. It enables the Barry Company, if they think fit, to guarantee the capital, but does not compel them to do so. Both Bills were explained by Mr. Downing, solicitor to the company.
YALE OF GLAMORGAN RAILWAY
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YALE OF GLAMORGAN RAILWAY The half-yearly meeting of the Vale of Glamorgan Railway Company was held at the Barry offices, Cardiff Exchange, on Friday afternoon. Mr. Archibald Hood (chairman of the company) presided, and the other directors present were Messrs. F. L. Davis, E. L. Evan- Thomas, R. Forrest, and T. R. Thompson. The Chairman, in moving the adoption of the report, said that the only unfortunate thing about it was that the gross receipts for the half-year only amounted to £10,985, and the directors were unable to recommend a divi- dend. It was due to himself to sta.t.e that he was not present when his colleagues decided not to declare a dividend, and, apparently, they did not like to do so in his absence. Of course, it was quite open to the shareholders to take exception to that—(hear, hear)—and he did not know that the directors would offer any great objection; but they were advised by their solicitor that they could not legally alter that day the decision at which they had arrived. (Laughter.) It would be possible, however, to summon another meeting, at which a dividend might be declared. Speaking of the viaduct, the Chairman said the progress made was slow, and he feared they would meet again before the work was com- pleted. The loop-line was working satisfac- torily, and the traffic was increasing perhaps beyond the expectations of' the directors. Referring to the connection with the Barry Company, he said that if that company had declined to work the line until it was thoroughly completed, everything would have been at a standstill now. With regard to the agreement between the two companies, he thought he was in a position to state that everything could be satisactorily arranged. (Hear, hear.) Ee hoped they would accept his word for that, because it was inadvisable that they should go into details in public. There was a great deal to be done before they could get a thorough arrangement made and ascertain exactly how the relationship between the Vale of Glamor- gan and the Barry Company stood. There was also a question as to how they stood with the contractor, but that was not a matter
Advertising
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DANIELS BROS., Seed Growers, Norwich. offer One Hundred Guineas for Competi- tion during 1899, and have selected such subjects as can be easily grown by Amateurs, viz., Peas. Beans, Potatoes, Lettuce, Parsnips, Carrots. Leeks, Onions. Cucumbers, and Tomatoes. Asters and Stocks. Before purchasing Garden Seeds send for Catalogue (post free), which gives full informal tion as to the above Prizes, which are in addition to the very large number ci»s(fc S7 tAg Firm through the numerous ruiuwik- L1980
ALLEGED BURIAL BUNGLE AT DOWLAIS.
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ALLEGED BURIAL BUNGLE AT DOWLAIS. UNFORTUNATE INCIDENTS AT A. FUNERAL. Some commotion has been raised at Dowlaia owing to certain reports which have been cir- culated reflecting upon the conduct of Mr.. Thomas Jones, funeral contractor to the Merthyr Board of Guardians, in relation to the pauper ourial of an old man 92 years of age, named Samuel Harris, a lodger at No. 33, Pantscallog, who was found dead in his bed- room on the morning of Friday of last week. In order to test the truths of the rumours, a representative of the Western Mail" waited upon Mr. Jones at Ffrwd Farm, Cefn, and put the various allegations categorically to him. so that he might be afforded an opportunity of giving his side of the story by way of explana- tion or denial. "It is stated," said the reporter, "that there was a lapse of three whole days between the time you received notice for the coffin and the time of its delivery?" "That is not so," Mr. Jones replied. "The notice from Mr. Williams, the relieving officer, came into my halds at the workhouse at three o'clock on Saturday afternoon. My workmen had then left off, and I set to and made the coffin myself on the Sunday, and it was taken up to the house somewhere about two o'clock on Monday. Consequently, there was no unreasonable delay whatever. Upon this point I should like to say that the notices for coffins which I receive are sometimes exceedingly short. For instance, on that Saturday I had a notice for a coffin for a person who had to be buried the same day." "Is it true that in this case you took no measurement of the body?" "Yes," answered Mr. Jones. "Although it is usual to take measurements, I didn't do it in this instance, because Mr. Williams gave me a full description of the build of the corpse. and, as a matter of fact, the coffin fitted just as well as if a measurement had been made." "It is asserted that when you took the coffin, up you insisted upon taking the body away for immediate interment, despite the protesta- tions and remonstrances of the people in the house, and notwithstanding that you were actually told that the grave had not yet been dug and no final preparations had been made for the burial." "That is absolutely untrue. What I say is that the people of the house were wishful to get the body away, and insisted upon me taking it off at oonce. I was not informed that the grave had not been dug, and it was not until I reached the cemetery that I became aware that it was not ready. With the arrange- ments for making the grave I had nothing to do, that being a matter which rested with the relieving officer. Finding that the necessary preparations had not been made as I antici- pated, I left the coffin in the chapel-of-ease, and there it remained until the following day. when tne funeral was duly carried out in proper order." "Y 01.1 are accused of using bad lauguage towards the landlady of the house and others when, as they declare, they tried to dissuade you from carrying off the corpse, and of say- ing that you had been bothered about enough over a 'skinny 6s. 7Jd.' "Nothing of the kind. Bad language cer- tainly was used, but it did not come from me. The contract price for funerals is 8s. 9d., so that I cannot see how I can be said to have mentioned the sum of 6s. Thus the matter stands. If there has been a. scandai the board of gua.rdians are the proper authority to deal with it. and it is not impro- bable that, at their next meeting to-day (Satur- day), if the subject crops up, they will order the facts to be fully investigated. «
INFECTIOUS DISEASE AT ABEIU…
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INFECTIOUS DISEASE AT ABEIU DARE. At the ordinary meeting of the Aberd&rtf Urban District Council, held on Friday morn, ing, under the presidency of Mr. R. H. Rhys, a report was read from Dr. David Davies, medical officer, stating that the number of caaes of diphtheria during the last fortnight was 143, being an increase of 37 on the previous period, and nine deaths; erysipelas, seven; scarlet fever, nine; croup, one; typhoid, one death' Dr. Davies also wrote as follows:—"As you will see by these figures, diphtheria is on the increase, more especially in Aberaman, Cwm- aman, and Cwmbach. I was glad to find that two of the days schools—Catholic and town- were closed during the last fortnight, but no good result can be expected unless all the schools in the district are closed together, and that for a month at least, which measure I most strongly recommend." No action was taken upon the report.-The finance committee recommended that the salary of Mr. Arthur Morris, deputy surveyor, be increased from j575 to JE100 per annum, and the clerk's allowance for assistance raised from L65 to £ 150.—Both suggestions were adopted unani. mously.
THE "CAT" IN SWANSEA GAOL.
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THE "CAT" IN SWANSEA GAOL. In the House of Commons on Friday. Mr. LLOYD-MORGAN (R., Carmarthen. W.) asked the Secretary of State for the Home Department whether his attention had been drawn to the fact that a prisoner named George AtteweU was flogged in her Majesty's prison at Swansea in December last until the blood flowed freely from his back, and that at the end of the flogging he had to be removed to the prison infirmary; and whether, inasmuch as the prisoner was sentenced to a second flog- ging during the course of his term of imprison- ment, and having regard to the above circum- stances, he will direct remission of that part of the sentence. Sir MATTHEW WHITE RIDLEY: George Attewell was flogged in December last, but the blood did not flow, and he was not afterwards removed to the prison infirmary. I am not aware of any circumstances which would justify an interference with the sentence.
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Gardening Hints Worth Reading and Keep- ing.-Messrs. Wheeler and Son's Specialty list for this year will be found interesting and useful to all who love their Gardens, and it may be had gratis and post free on application, and we strongly recommend our readers to procure a copy from Wheeler and Son, Seed Growers, Gloucester. C3w»
YALE OF GLAMORGAN RAILWAY
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which it was desirable to discuss in public. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Evan-Thomas, who seconded the motion. said he thought it wa,s possible for the com- pany to pay a dividend of about 3 per cent. He -looked with a considerable amount of confidence to the future, and did not think the company would be very heavy losers by the accident which had happened. Mr. J B. Ferrier, iif supporting the proposi- tion, said he had the greatest confidence in the directors. He suggested that they might adjourn for two minutes in order to consider the question of dividend. The Chairman replied that fourteen days' notice would be necessary in order to call another meeting. He hoped the shareholders would not suffer by a delay of three weeks. (Laughter.) Mr James said the chairman had stated that his colleagues when he was absent had decided not to declare a dividend; he would like to have the chairman's opinion on that point. The Chairman: I don't think it is quite fair to ask me to say anything in public. (Laughter.) Mr. T. R. Thompson stated that. as the com- pany were indebted to the bankers to the amount of jE116,000, and the Barry Company were providing the money to go on with the work, the directors did not think they were justified in declaring a dividend. He had no fear about the questions between the companies being properly adjusted. Mr. Ivor Vachell thought the shareholders would act wisely if they left everything in the hands of their directors. The report was adopted, and the retiring directors, Mr. Archibald Hood and Mr. John Cory, were re-elected, as also was Mr. David Roberts, auditor. v This concluded the business of the ordinary meeting. At an extraordinary meeting, which followed immediately afterwards, Mr. Downing, soli- citor, explained the provisions of the com- pany's Bill now before Parliament, authorising the raising of additional capital of £ 120,000, and the borrowing of JMO.OOO on the guarantee of the Barry Company, under Section 52 of the Barry Company's Act.-In reply to Mr. Thackeray, Mr. Downing said that not a penny of this new capital could be raised without a. meeting of the shareholders, subsequent to the Act receiving the Royal Assent. The Bill was approved.