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THE INDUSTRIES OF WALES AND…

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THE INDUSTRIES OF WALES AND THEIR NOTABLE MEN. — <9 By Charles Wilkins. THE RIGHT OF Translation IS SMUTS#- No. XXI. 1 MR. GEORGE CALVERT, ONE OF THE PIONEERS OF PONTYPRIDD. You may see, almost any Saturday, n sturdily- built and still hale old man at the Pontypridd Station shaking hands with this mining engineer tnd with thnt as they go on the "Saturday Journey" to the Welsh Metropolis—Cardiff—and you will see, if observant, an undescribable some- thing about the uian that re-calls better days. We often notice this" something." In the great tliorouglifai-es of London a face will come before you, with poor surroundings, which would not be Out of place in positions of wealth and dignity About our friend those wrinkles tell a tale. They tre annals of an eventful life. He has held large fortunes in his hand, he has ruled men the for- tunes have vanished, and the men acknowledge his command no more. He is like a dethroned king; the sway is over and Pubjects bow not. Let us tell his tale with all Aspect. lie hns carved out a name in the annals of Pontypridd and the Rhondda, and his life history is a part of the eventful progress of the fining enterprise of the district. Mr. George Calvert is the son of Mr. George Calvert, of fettlewell, Yorkshire, land and mineral agent to 1.Ir. Jnmes Deardun, lord of The Manor, Rochdale. Lancashire. He was born October 12, 1812, and hen comparatively young figured as time f on a Birmingham line. A t%LlntrFtetnr he* taken part of the line, but lost heart* nothing but failure, gave up his undertaking. The engineer (one of the Stephensons) knew Calvert as a man of energy and resources, and asked him to to take it up, promising that he would see that he did not lose by it. Oaivert took up the contract, and, to his surprise, it was a case of ehoveilins;" only, scarcely a pick was required,and when he had completed it he found himself several thousand pounds sterling in pocket. His success with this and other contracts then.induced George and Robert Stephenson-father and son—to send for him to London, and, arriving there, be was re- quested to put in a tender for A CBOOKED LINE DOWN IN WALKS." This was the description by the Stephenaons of the now famous Taff Vale Railway. Calvert came into Wales when the Chartist rising was the sub- ject of every tongue. It was on the Monday following the march into Newport that his con- nection with Wales began, and the exciting cir- cumetances of the period have naturally fixed the date indelibly on his memory. Mr. Calvert was fortunate enough in securing a good deal of the Taff Vale contract, that portion from Llandaff to Merthyr. He also completed the Llancaiach Branch after the retirement of Storm and Douglas, the former of whom gave his name to the cluster of houses near Aberdare Junction; still known as Storm's Town." Mr. Calvert's mining career dates from March, 1844, when he obtained an agreement from the Rev. George Thomas and his brother, Mr. Thomas, to work the coal underlying their extensive landed propertv, known as Gellywhion. The document, faded with time, is now before us. It is only a sheet of letter paper. None of the lengthy folios and unending terminology, full of whereases and M heretofores." The two owners, one of Pencerrig, in Radnor, and the other of Llandaff Court, "agree to let, and John Calvert agrees to take, so much of that vein of coal, called John Edmunds's Vein, as lies under part of Gelly- whion and Llan Farms, in the parish of Llan- trissaint, for a term of twenty years, dating from January 1, 1845." The tenants were to pay JE400 per annum ia cash, to work 6,857 tons per annnm without further payment, but beyond that, then one shilling and twopence per ton for large, and sevenpence per ton for small." The colliery was duly sunk and the No. 3 seam of coal won. It proved in excellent form, and the colliery, named the Newbridge, has been one of the great producers of a seam unrivalled in the country for iron making and general purposes In 1848 Mr. Calvert turned his attention to another property at Gyfeillion. In that year he began sinking his shaft, and in May, 1881, the coal was won at a depth of 149 yards. He next expended £17,000 in building coke ovens, and established an excellent trade with the Great Western Railway, thus competing successfully with Dinas, for his coke, the greater part of which was conveyed to Bristol by trains for various parts of the line. In August, 1851, he gave a festive treat to all his friends and workmen, and it would appear that this was the earliest occasion for a special corre- spondent and artist to journey from London into the coal districts. ^e make a few extracts from the letter press:- Mr. Spencer of Taff's We?!, purchased a Hereford OX-one thnt won Uib prize at Sir Charles Morgan's allow-wiiieli weighed upwards of 44 'Core pounds, and which was roasted whole in an litimenM oven, planned by Mr. Culvert. From Gelly wasted a procession was formed, Mr. Calvert and Pontypridd tradesmen, with red rosettes, two Union Jncks, the Cardiff Hand, Master Calvert In a gailv decorated clmir, borne on the Shoulders of ei'7,ht workmen tradesmen and other Residents in the district, two banners, workmen three abreast, workmen with emblem s As the Procession passed along, the discharges of cannon Reverberated throughout the valley, and the Enthusiasm of the people broke forth in the loudest cheers." Then follow the description of the feast and the 8peeches on the occasion, the whole ending with the correspondent's morRI-tiiat the importance of the event may be inferred from the fact that the innin of the coal ensures employment to between two and three hundred men, and, including the] ives and children, food to a thousand souls. The Writer was a far-seeing man in adding that the Mineral district was the richest in the world, and be was quite justified in quoting from De La Beche, that, though mining operations were being con- ducted on a large scale, the mineral basin hitherto tofts been scarcely scratched." Mr. Calvert persevered with his valuable colliery 1854, when overtures were made by Sir Daniel Gooch, on behalf of the Great Western Rail- ay, that the company should work the colliery for three months on trial, and, this being arranged and carried out, it was finally bought by them for PI,000. Having worked it for ten years, and tnade a large profit, it was re-sold to Mr. Calvert at a considerable sum in excess of what was given, and in after days passed into the hands of a limited company. In addition to working the Great Western Col- liery, Mr. Calvert worked the Havod, now amal- gamated with Lewis's Merthvr-the Coedcae. He also leased minerals from Mr. Francis Crawshay, at Hirwain, and aided in developing the coal measures in that district. Though anterior to Mr. Coffin and John Edmunds, we may claim for him the credit of having been one of the earliest, and most successful pioneers of the Rhondda. In his heyday, full of enterprise, aiding materially, in giving employment to the fast accumulating thousands, and useful in social movement, and always open-handed, generous to institutions and individuals. Such is Mr. John Calvert. The face is a study; the biography a lesson. Look at our portrait. I is that of a man who has passed through ordeals those of great riches, far more perplexing even than his other ordeals of trial and trouble. He stands alone. Few of the warm-hearted men who thronged around him at the festivity are living. One by one they have disappeared. You may re-call the hoarse shouts and the deafening reverberations, see the burly presence of Captain Hewitt, and the still more burly one of David William James. These and a host have disappeared; almost passed away from memory. Flags may wave before the mental vision, and the seemingly loud strains of the famous Cardiff Band tell upon the ear, while seething crowds in merry mood vote him all that is beneficent and good. They are gone. He stands alone.

= SOMEWHAT DEVOTIONAL.

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