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Cuddio Rhestr Erthyglau
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QtJESTIONS ASKED AND ANSWERED.
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QtJESTIONS ASKED AND ANSWERED. By J- MTJIE- ttverie-street, Fleet-street, London. ^6iten+of Ross.—Dixon."—Dr. Audrey, an variety. ,A Penj{?°°ts Round Chrysanthemum Buda.— 4 ili t £ e Reader."—Please see a note on t^Qi "week's issue. /lit of °ta Apple.—"Kidderminister."—A al ^asgood Nonsuch, a most ha,nd- AKK M fi^ten Gr&en Tomatoes.—Mrs. Graham.— 1 ThanL-^i8 appeared last week. Please see ^or y°UT appreciation. of. Apple.—"J. C. R."—The Manx Born is not identical with cat's head, 6what like it. i 8rr?oi!°^ Apples.—"A Yorkshire Reader."— 1 iQ' 'I, fruit is the old Nonsuch. The large Hexnttn^klinville Seedling, a fine fruit of w,Vs lent sort. P %t0.a Cat.—"Pussy's Friend,"—Get some known as carron oil—a mixture of ann?1^ aa^ lime water—from a chemist, y this to the burned part daily. £ °.f Apple.—John Wall.—A very hand- Wv°UritUlt of Loddington Seedling. It is a ^.Suitft Kent apple, hut your Notts fruit vr^, good as any I have found there, ave done it well. Jot,, Q-rubs in Scented Geranium Pot.— (Bradford).—Make some rather f°t j5 °oot liquid in a bucket, and place the ^ts Up to the rim. Let it remain for r}> a.ff <Var: When the soil becomes rather 11 thft steeping', ram it down very firmly J v lulips.—"A. E. D. who is a school- ] j/Hj J:rites:—"By folio- the instructions rae last year for growing tulips I TSt Prize iQ "the adult class at our v0$w. I am giad to hear this, and I hope 1 continue to grow flowers and win a* 1 think you are pretty sure to do T?,y°ur success is a capital induce- 'y^ich you are sure to follow up all Geranium Cuttings in Cold Frame oi ^tiv r'Hndson and Co.—If you are very t? f f in ffivin? your geraniums fresh air th %aa[rv'oarable days throughout the winter, them dry and robust, water them C ttjJL? at the root, and cover them over and in frosty weather you will h frost winl>er them vei> well. So long £ is excluded, cold will not do much 111 a damp atmosphere, from keeping "'le 111 a damp atmosphere, from keeping « &Ujy c'ose, is most injurious to them. ^2 £ bin Fowls as Layers.—Jane Wood- 0 Buff Cochins do not at all th ^e breeds. They do not lay a an half the number of eggs as such iptHe Leghorns, Minorca??, Anconas, and ers- They are. as you say, very X}«ir fowls, and I can quite understand h ttT, g y°ur fancy, but if you go in for Qta>ii 1111181 not expect them to he really ^That are now known as utility wVve .well-nish driven the once popular "Priced Cochins out of the market, r^bij, ^°tatoes.—"AYelsh Farmer" and J. W. »? ^he°n—I quite understand your interest I. „IIIa-tter. It is impossible to say how f k?few varieties will be offered this winter next Planting- season. They are UP a-11 quarters in a most fashion. Years ago it took one J,6Vp 1)rfasons to produce, test, and perfect a r°°iti8 a-^°' but now they come like mush- V^l'hl h what results remains to be seen. IT1 Tvina]r a" your questions in mind, and 0 Hot i more before planting time. *n a hurry to speculate. tI1..I!¡es of Apples.—"J. C. B."—I regret that, It A to your not putting each kind in a V>W?aper> with number enclosed, the you attached were ail off and mixed m Jon cached me, and I am unable to v • ave their names with any degree fl?ck^H ?ty. Things need to he very securely Jitirf, go through the post-office un- or n°t disturbed. I often think some J°Ur f ^nst have the handling of them, i^DliJ11^ are not very &°°d or .typical ti ^oii .^ing very 6mall and ecahby; but bq!{ Will please to send me another lot, as I suggest, I will name them. o the ilargnerites: Jtlanure in Water Wai \ater."—I would like to &&& a flower *^6 th 0 ;lc Plant you write of. I am not in oan a naargiaerite. Can you i31 a little more information about it, R°rs«i aU to advise you correctly? The tL?d cow manure you put in your liquid If ^ill sPrinK wii1 be exhausted now, and a ^on v, worthless to keep till next year, s (i dip,.ve a garden, empty it out on that, S it in: if not, throw it away, and mix f next spriug. Thank you very your complimentary remarks iSv11-2 these notes. I am glad you find %,r usef»l entertaining. from Bee-hive.—W. Wl: idborne.—The i8 comb you send is very old. Indeed, "laying from old age, and this i- ^lri ^06 vermin to harbour about it. You *^WaV^ork out the combs, and let the bees Q them with new ones every •pfe or three years at most. Be ^our hives are waterproof on it 9f- Get some eucalyptus oil, jv-ith ten times its bulk of sugar syrup, OK^ tKStt>n with this. It will disinfect them, a^ctin eucalyptus will make it very D^^t. Sable to any insect, that may he ^fer tv am not partial to Italian bees, and English. C°tjlrf8 for Windy Position.—"R. G-. P."—Yon a mixture of half the hroad- privet and half the ordi- d 1h. Mix them alternately. Manure tlle eoil where the hedge will be. k°VeriL?leni £ y,and and plant in Slt &r- Make a double row of plants, and zi?-zag one foot apart. The taller Jl13 are.vhen you plant them the lees JfU .• will be to succeed, a« the wind i° ?rc 60 much with them. They u'Sh j from ^fcighteen inches to two feet ^nd very strong. Plant firmly, and tie *1*1) +/' a temporary fence if necessary to +,tleni in position for the first season; -Vb i 'V w' all right. tbf Trees for Wall--T. C. Parker.-Do you Nt«i J'™ would be better pleased if you v^Ur other fruits besides apples' on V ar8 if I fancy one or two plums and wOuld be very acceptable to you, or, if II nartial to apples, plant one pear and only. Marie Louise pear and V>U s phim are two excellent fruits. t,rjtj plant the trees eight feet apart. a^ get nine trees in, and if you have fcT'^cti^ apples the following is a superior r.Miev u^—Beauty of Bath. Irish Peach, Lady rJ? 0» Kerry Pippin. Worcester Pearmain, Pippin, Ribstone Pippin, James f^i and Scarlet Nonpareil. Plant two- trees, or those three years will bear It¡ Now.1 good trees. Yon can introduce them einber or before March. <1.I'bet Hedge Bare at Bottom.—"Wilson" ^u?h).—I always advise against letting tq Qlld rabbieh grow up in the bottom of 1* 5 they kill or check the hedge there; th^toirt n refuse is cleared away, the a+s th 18 too vacant and bare. To prevent t> hedges should always be kept clean Pejlt, oottom. This is easily done, and is a 'fttWadvamage in many ways, as dirty- hedges always harbour vermin. ay all the rubbish, spread a little H V a'onS' the bottom, and fork it in. » it always clean, and it will eoon tK^ an a,nd become efficient there. If there ?y straggling shoots at the bottom, cut Qlf-way back. to induce closer growth. t$" Fuchsiaoides: Primula obconica.— '—The thick shoot your begonia has iii UT) is a t'nperfluous growth, which q1¡t iPlnts produce at some time or other, IS of no benefit to the plant, and fiif f,r0Tn the useful or natural growth. 6 Pull this particular part up by ;?t that will be attached to it, if you not, cut it off by the level of the soil. « ruit let it grow again. The Primula ^rj is a very persistent flowering plant, J)r'Ulrt's i3 evidently doing well. You 1On it- into a five or six inch pot, as lfc is in is too small to grow the plant v Sf-T' ^ut it go on as it is till the end vHot •11 next- as that is the best time to 't, as if you did so now you would altogetlier. Double Stocks; Manures, Ac.—Tom 'me can assure getting stocks with 2?^ v, S- All the seed that is sown pro- M^t t i^h double and single flowers, and one both e one's chance as to the percentage ^Vbut some strains have a better habit fv^De^ h.ers of giving double blooms. In this tl 'lbn M_'essre- T>icksons and Co., Seedsmen, l^ij. ^rSh, have a very exceptional strain in H exoellent East Lothian stocks. Your vi^0t,vve<i seed will produce about the same tl of single and double as they did last aura' nianurea, from the cow, horse, fowls, are better for garden ground floiala' hut where these are unob- the artificial manures are good sub- Y1C.ailli a change. These include bone ■ superphosphate, gnano, and others. ) t4le Gardening," by E. Hobday, is a fit that would suit you. It is pub- M-tJr, Crosby, Lockwood, and Son, 7, €rfi'-hall-court, London, E.C., price 1/6. 1-ibs. of Apples; Carrots Failing; Pars- V 6 Bird Pest.—"Despondent."—I do not ¥°ur nom plume. Don't owft to it. rvft no reason, a« all yonr difficulties p 'llai surmountable. Apple No. 1 is » Codlin, and No, 2 Keswick Codlin. 1^5 hardy and free bearing, hut your th5* iv^ more manure. Put half a barrow- pl the stem of each now, and again Your soil, being sandy, should otJt good carrots. Get a little gem lime, and }{Hi ij^thm dressing of it in at once where K W?ni growing your oarrote next season. K^ha-ve not gas lime, use ordinary lime. V??t a«I7a'ry ?'ve the ground a dressing of v short manure. Apply the same to Jr" W?nrvDip an(^ can ^narantee that k.;°Vi have good roots of both next season, fi have no doubt of this. You should whole of your garden a dressing of h *il1 a11 worms, then manure rather hi^&p^' as y°«r e°i1- being light, is also V,' Can you not destroy a lot- of the v j. nests when the eggs are in them? This W^ern-6 wa*r °f reducing their numbers and s so much damage. You should is near your strawberry bed when is ripening, but netting the fruit a^^eet way of preserving it, and if the V, eQrv>? a sufficient distance off the fruit 2? it is quite imiioesible for the birds You must use forked sticks more "*Hy*• and you will find it pay to net oarer
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RURAL JOTTINGS. 4ttr.!nLE HINTS AND UIFORMA. TION. SXceptxonal FLOWERS-WINTER ACONITES. I order, at other times I • but now I beg that all go in for and charming winter flowers. :t.anical claasifloation is Erajathie, a two speoies—the winter aconite, s, and another, E. eibrioius. JDeoeinber, aiways in January, and through February and March, when the days are at the shortest, temperature at a minimum, and all open-air conditions averse to the budding and opening of flowers, the aconites develop their blossoms with mid-summer-like readiness and freedom. In the months named I am often asked by those fortunate enough to see or find this beauty if it is premature or accidental that such an attractive flower should be when nothing of the kind is expected, and all wonder and are glad at its appearance. But its presence is readily accounted for, as it comes regularly at mid-winter, will grow per- fectly if surrounded by snow a.nd ice, and, while many other plants may be unable to retain their leaves, the aconite actually blooms, anå not in a struggling way either, j but with ease and vigour. The flowers are single in form. not unlike huge may blossoms. One or more is produced on each stem. They atta.in a height of from four to six or seven inches. Another colour is a bright yellow. The green leaves harmonise well with the flowers, and a group, bed, or row of wiLter aconites are irresistible in their attractions. They merit worship, and often get it, not only for their untimely and venturesome i appearance and the great gap they fill, but for their quaint and lovable deportment. The season of hyemalis is from January to March, and sibricius in March and April. The latter i", therefore, the least valuable of the two. They are tuberous rooted perennials, and once introduced they increase themselves and spread, or the roots can be lifted and widened. Now is the time to do this, and all who wish to introduce the bulbs for the first time should secure and plant them now. Fortunately, they are very cheap, and there is little danger of their failing, only be sure you get the hyemalis variety. They may be planted in flower-beds in all positions, or naturalised in shrubberies and woodlands in the grass surfaces. They prefer a somewhat sandy soil, and not a cold clay, and in any ordinary good soil they will do without manure. AUTUMN ANEMONES. The wind-flowers are always interesting subjects, and there are two which are espe- cially conspicuous as autumn flowers. These are Anemone Japonica and A. Japonica alba. The former has bright pink flowers, and the latter large white. Both are single and of artistic form. The plants are well furnished with leaves. The flower stems run up to a height of three feet or so. They are very plentifully produced, and single plants, rows, or masses of them in beds. borders, or shrubberies are strikingly attractive at the present time. Their new freshness at a- time when almost all flowers are decaying is parti- cularly pleasing. The flowers do not remain long good when cut and put in water, but, apart from this, they have no other failing, as they do not encourage insects or disease. These anemones are easily increased by dividing the plants in March. DISAPPOINTING ELDORADO POTATOES. I have not heard of any of this millionaire amongst potatoes being actually diseased, but the cry is getting louder of its being weak in growth and deficient in yield. I have no wish to crow over this. and say, "1 told yon so," but many will remember that last winter and in the spring I condemned the way in which this potato was being propagated. The few who owned it were credited by many with being particularly smart in dividing and sub-dividing the tubers and stems and raising plants from every ftea-bite or most scrimpy piece that showed life. Wisdom was not in it, but wealth was in view, and. as has happened with so many other valuable plants, its con- stitution was wrecked from over-propagation, and this is being proved in a mariner which is most disappointing to the public and ruinous to the speculators, if that matters. I know it is quite possible that some of the new potatoes po'ssess unprecedented merit. They ought to, as the attention now devoted to producing perfect sorts exceeds all that has ever been done in that direction before, but I fear the disappointment experienced in Eldorado will cause the others to be received with doubt and caution. I have no doubt others besides myself will force home the stupidity of trying to induce all the natural powers of the lotato to re-produce itself, but there are limits ovor which no one can step without serious deterioration and rapid failure. It is very regrettable, bnt with reason and forethought quite avertible, and we will hope it will be so in some of the new kinds that have not yet been tampered with and give promises equal to those which gave the crippled Eldorado temporary fame to a unique degree. LAYERED CARNATION PLANTS. Carnations which have been increased by layering will now be well rooted. Some let them remain as they are till the spring, but, as a rule, the best way is to detach them from the old plants, lift them with a ball of soil at the roots, and either plant them in a sheltered position, frame, or pot them singly. Choice kinds should be treated in the latter way. If potted into^three-inch pots, they "jLl be. in fine order elthert-Q pot into larger ones or plant out in the spring. Give them rather a gritty, but not a rich soil Keep them in a cool frame or house, and let them have plenty of air. The plants succeed rapidly, too, if planted in a cold frame quite close together in store form. Give them a friable soil, made very firm about the roots, and put a layer of sand over the surface. The plants may ha kept exposed till severe weather occurs, but it is well to protect them from excessive rainfall, as damp does not suit them in winter. GATHERING LATE APPLES AND PEARS. These require more attention and care than the early ones, as nearly all the late fruit is stored to keep for a short or long period, and unless gathered carefully and stored in perfect condition it will not keep, and this is a great loss and disappointment. Many of the early fruite are used as soon as possible, or sold straight off the trees. It is this which causes a glut in the autumn markets, and gives colour to the report that fruit is so cheap that it does not pay for growing or gathering; but when I read of this or hear it spoken about I am always obliged to think that the best of management is not being observed, and that fruit is being forced into already full markets or kept too near home, where there is plenty, whereas by sending it further afield prices would be much better and the public better served. But if mistakes are made with early fruit, avoid these with the late crops, and store and keep all you can, as during the winter and next spring it will make excellent prices if sold, and much of it will be found exceedingly accept- able for home use. Those who wish to make the most of it may select the best for market and keep the seconds for home consumption. No fruit will mature much more on the trees after the first week in October. If left out longer, and storms occur, which is not improbable, a great deal of it may be blown down; then its keeping capabilities are very doubtful, as many will be bruised in falling, and all somewhat tarnished. It is generally said that fruit that will part somewhat freely from the tree when caught hold of is ready for gather- ing, but the late fruit has often to be pulled off when firmly on, and all should be gathered during the fore half of October, as the weather admits. Try and not shake down any more than you can help, but use a ladder or steps, and gather them directly into the basket. Handle all very gently, as the slightest bruise will cause premature decay, and none but fruit that is absolutely sound will keep for months, as plenty of varieties are capable of doing. Always gather and store when quite dry, and never mix wind- falls and good onee together. The windfalls are only fit for immediate use. Fruits that may have been pecked by the birds or eaten a little by wasps may still be mainly good, but nope of these should be depended on for keeping, and it is best to etore the best by themselves from the first., Any dry room or loft is suitable for storing. There is no objection to putting two or three layers on the top of each other of the best, and the inferior may be put in heaps if is limited, and, if need be, the worst fruit may be put in a make-shift place, but let the good onøs have the best position. After storing the fruit will sweat, and air may be admitted freeiy until it is dry; then a rather cool, equal tempera- ture will preserve it in its best condition. CHINESE GEESE. I do not think I have written on these before, but a. demand for them is now spring- ing up, and inquiries are being made about them. Hitherto they have been chiefly looked on as ornamental geeee, and that is all; but they have other qualifications. They do not weigh so much as the much better known Embden and Toulouse varieties, and are not more than three-quarters the size or weight of these. They are very active and ehowy in appearance. Their plumage is a dark grey above and light grey under. A dark stripe runs down the top of the neck, and the breast has a yellow hue. The legs are orange coloured, and a prominent knob occurs at the lease of the beak-a pretty and elegant bir4. It is the greatest of all layers amongst geefie. It lays three or four sittings in th spring and early summer, consisting of twenty-five or more eggs each time, or exceeding one hundred a year. It is, therefore, highly prolific. For small families who prefer medium-sized goslings on the ta.ble it is well suited, and when young and fat it is a very a-coeptable bird. The flesh is fine and of excellent flavour. They are very hardy and easy to rear. They merit encouragement, and I am glad they are coming into favour, as they have many good points, and nothing I can be said against them. They may be kept on a smaller range than the large breeds, and at lees expense. SHOOTS ROUND CHRYSANTHEMUM BUDS. I ha.ve received specimens of and they are occurring- on roost of the plants now. The main and best flower bud or buds are always on the top of the stems, but close up to them and for some distance down the stem little shoots push out and form quite a c.;r.01m4 main-Jtop. >iTo.W;. freely, and will soon shade most of the sun- shine and air from the flower buds. Some look on them as being a sign of vigour, but they are superfluofts-indeed, injurious—as they take away much of the strength of the plant that ought to go to developing the flower buds. Their shading the latter so much is also a great impediment, and all who wish their flowers to be as fine as possible must at once remove all these side-shoots, -and let no more form. Nip them out care- fully, and do not injure the flower buds. Good growers keep their plants free from these shoota constantly. LILIUM HARRISII. This is the very best of all the white lilies. It is a free grower, very robust, and produces huge trumpet flowers of excellent quality and greatly scented. They are one of the flowers which are in great demand all the year round, and efforts are made to produce them constantly. This is accomplished, too, by the assistance of cold storage, but my amateur readers can- not practise that, and must grow them as best they can. A quantity of bulbs should now be potted for mid-winter flowering. One may be put in a six-inch pot, or three or four in an eight-inch one. Drain the pots well, and use a soil consisting of three-parts lor.m and one of half-decayed manure, with some gritty matter added. Pot the bulbs with the crown level with the soil. Make them very firm, and place them in a cool frame or green- house. Keep the soil moist, but not satu- rated. Let them grow a bit before attempt- 'ing to force them with more heat. SAVING OPEN-AIR PLANTS. Where any kind of plants are out in the open beds, and it is desired to save them, if they cannot stand the frost or exposure in winter, they should be dug up at once now, as sufficient frost may occur at any time to injure them- This must be avoided, as any plant that has had the ends of the shoots hurt or frosted will never keep very well during the winter. The decay caused by the frost is generally continued, and there is a lot of trouble in trying to keep them fresh. But plants secured in a sound condition are easily kept. If more are growing out than are wanted to store, select the most dwarf and robust plants. These will be the best- ripened, and will stand the confinement and short days best. Long, sprawly plants that require to be cut down to store are not satis- factory. It is better not to cut anything off them if it can be avoided. In digging them up try and get some soil to adhere to the roots. Very valuable plants should all be potted singly, but more ordinary kinds may be grouped in boxes, as this will economise space, which is often a consideration. Be sure and provide drainage in both pots and boxes. This is most necessary in winter. Use rather a sandy soil for everything. A rich soil is not the best. as it is not necessary that the plants should grow when stored. It is better if they do not. The soil should be made extra firm about the roots, as this is greatly in favour of their keeping well. In dealing with them, remove all dead leaves and every flower and flower bud. These are not wanted now, and the plants will settle down better fiowerless. Do not put them into heat or darkness or a close atmosphere at once. All these would make them more tender. Protect them at night, and expose them fully on fine days, so long as this treat- ment is safe, and this will prepare them capi- tally to go through the winter with ordinary accommodation and little or no decay. RASPBERRIES. As so many are anxious to grow these well, and are so often asking about their treat- ment, I would advise attention being given to them at present. The autumn is a favourable one for them, as it is most important for their free and successful ripening next season that the wood be thoroughly well ripened. This is the greatest secret of their success, and the stronger the shoots the more ripen- ing they require. This is why big, strong raspberry plants are often less prolific than smaller ones, and the only object now is to get all ripened fully. If the old rods have not been all cut out and removed, do so at once. If there are weeds and dirt at the bottom of the rows, take all away. If the young rods are too numerous and will not all be needed for fruiting next season, cut all the surplus ones out. These should be the worst, If you want more young plants, let the furthest out ones remain to be trans- planted later. GATHERING FLOWER SEEDS. All flower seeds should now be collected, dried, and stored. It has been good weather for ripening them, but if left out till the wet weather sets in and the heavy dews at night damp them they will deteriorate. It is a mistake, however, to gather unripe seeds, as tlfey will be difficult to dry, and they will not produce healthy plants. It is better not to gather &eed at all than unripe specimens. If the plants are withered and the seed attached, cut the stems, and hang all up in a dry, airy place to dry thoKJUghly. If the shoots are not taken, pick off the pods and spread them out in a dry position to harden. They may be kept in the sun during the day, and taken in at night. Do not take any of the seeds out of the pods when first gathered, as ripening is completed more thoroughly when left in for a week or more. Be sure yon do not let them become mouldy. When quite dry they may be put in paper-bags and hung up in the kitchen. By exercising care in selecting seeds the plants may be improved in another year, but when only the odds and ends are retained or saved they will never give much satisfaction. Make every effort to get the pods under cover in fine weather, and the sorting and cleaning can be done in the winter evenings. It pays well to preserve all the seed possible from valuable new flowers, but rubbishy things should not be per- petuated.
INJURIES CAUSED AT WORK.
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INJURIES CAUSED AT WORK. PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE COMPENSATION ACT. [By "ECONOMIST."] Mr. Brace, to judge from his article in last week's issue, makes the com- mon mistake of his class in assuming that the burden of the Workmen's Compensation Act falls entirely upon the employers, whereas there would be little difficulty in showing that this, like every other indirect, tax, is borne very largely by the working man. I do not, of course, mean that the individual working man who has the misfor- tune to meet with an injury does not benefit, because he must obviously do so—at all events, for the time being; but that labour at large must eventually, in some form or other, either in reduced wages, loss of em- ployment, or in increased demands upon their Friendly Societies and Unions, bear the responsibility is certain. It cannot be disputed that the Act adds to the wages bill, or that, when so augmented, the wages bill may become too large for the employer to bear. When that happens wages must be reduced, men must be discharged, or the employer goes to the wall. True, there is generally, or ought to be in every business conducted on sound principles, a margin between cost of production and sell- ing value, which margin must be effaced before the point of actual lopa is reached. But the margin in times like the present hardly ever affords more than a fair return for the capital invested, and in small indus- tries probably not more than a bare living, and is. therefore, soon exhausted. It is then that even the able-bodied workman begins to find out how the Act affects him: the indifferent workman, the infirm, and the middle-aged get their experience at an earlier period. Who, indeed, can wonder if employers decline to engage men approach- ing middle age, with the knowledge that any mistake due to defective eyesight, fail- ing nerve, or want of activity may entail upon them the payment of heavy compensa- tion? Who, again, can complain if old men who, under former conditions, would have been kept on out of consideration for length of service, are now discharged because they are a danger not only to themselves, but to others, and are left to go on their clubs or on the rates? I commend to Mr. Brace's serious considera- tion the following paragraph from the "Times" of the 19th inst. — "At the conference of the Oddfellows at Chester on Saturday it was represented that a serious drain would be made on the funds I of Friendly Soieties by the operation of the Workmen's Compensation Act. Mr. Bicker- ton, the conference secretary, said that formerly men who met with slight accidents resumed work after being at home a day or two, but now, because the official manage- ment recognised the increased responsibility they must stay at home until thoroughly recovered, and that they were a drain on the funds of the lodges. There was also the difficulty of old men retaining their employ- ment. Under this Act men were old ten years before their time. The manager of a colliery he knew. not twelve months ago issued instructions to under-managers to get rid of all men over 45. Men were coming on the sick funds of their lodges because nobody would employ them. The time had arrived when Friendly Societies must appeal to Par- liament for help, for Parliament had passed legislation the tendency of which was to throw men out of employment. Mr. Mills, Deputy Grand Master of the Order, said that as long as the labour market was crowded any slight failing in a man's eyesight or steadiness of hand would be the signal for getting rid of him. and the claims on the funds of Friendly Societies would be increased enormously. The discussion was adjourned till next conference." Here we have an admission on indisputable authority that the tendency of the Act as it now stands is (1) to throw persons out of employ and (2) to encourage malingering. Is there likely to be an improvement in these respects if the alterations suggested by. Mr. Br ape ax^
DEFENCE OF RORKE'S DRIFT.
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DEFENCE OF RORKE'S DRIFT. V.C. HERO HONOURED AT CWM- BRAN. The officers and members of the Cwmbran Company of Volunteers turned out on Thurs- day night as hero-worshippers of Sergeant John Williams, V.C., one of the email band of brave heroes who helped to rescue the wounded from the burning hospital at Rorke's Drift and to save the poor soldiers from being murdered at the hands of the savages. Since his return -to civil life Wil- liams has been closely identified with the Volunteers at Cwmbran, and the best way the officers thought they could cherish the brave soldier's memory was to decorate the drill-hall with a life-like painting in oils of him. Williams is anything but an old man yet, a.nd the fact that he is left in such a. humble position as that of labourer shows I SERGEANT JOHN WILLIAMS, V.C. up very clearly one of the stigmas of the British Army. Although the story of Rorke's Drift has oft been told, it still bears repetition by reason of its thrilling incidents. Flushed with 1% their victory at Isandhlwana iii January, 1879. the Zulus advanced to Rorke's Drift, which was held by one company of the old 24th (now South Wales Borderers), under Lieutenant Bromhead, and numbering about 8J of all ranks. They had been left there to take charge of a small depot of provisions and a hospital, and to keep open the communications to Natal. The defence of Rorke's Drift by this small band, under Lieutenants Chard, R.E., and Bromhead, against 3,000 of the finest warriors under the command of a brother of Cetewayo, forms one of those ne'er-to-be-forgotten stories of British heroism and endurance which adorn the pages of history. From half-past four until daylight the following morning the savage hordes were kept at bay, and when they retired it was with the loss of 350 men. The savages, failing to force the hospital in which the wounded lay, set fire to it, and the little garrison had all their work cut out to save the sick. Private John Williams, and Privates Joseph Williams and William Harrigan, were posted in a distant room of the hospital, which they held for more than an hour—so long as they had a round of ammunition left. As communication was for a while cat off the Zulus advanced, burst open the door, and dragged out Private Joseph Williams and two patients, and asse- gaied them. While the Zulus were occupied with the slaughter of these men a lull took place, during which Private John Williams and two other patients left the building alive. Williams afterwards succeeded in knocking a hole through a partition, where he found Henry Hook in charge of seven patients. The Zulus, thinking they had a free hand, pressed for the sick men, but the two sole defenders proved themselves equal to the danger to which they were exposed. The rattle of musketry all round was almost drowned by the shouts of the savages, a.nd the din was dreadful. Nothing daunted, Privates Hook and Williams set to work to remove the sick, and while one kept the savages at bay the ether broke through three partitions, and all the patients were passed through a, small window into the inner defence. Hook now holds a responsible post at the British Museum. UNVEILING THE OIL PAINTING. The ceremony of unveiling the oil painting was made the occasion of a smoking concert, over which Captain B. J. Williams, the cap- tain of the local company of Volunteers, pre- sided. Among those present were Colonel Bradney, the commanding officer of the 3rd B&ttal ion-; Captain Italic Thorntan, of the Rifle Brigade; Major H. G, Griffiths, Ponty- pool; Captain Sale, Sergeant-major Fryer, and Sergeant-instructor Pauncefote Munday. The toast of The King" was pro- posed by Colonel Bradney, who subsequently submitted, in a very interesting speech, the health of the hero of the evening. Sergeant Williams, in reply, said he did not think that any one man was braver than another. Any- one who was present at Rorke's Drift on the night of January 22, 1879, would have done the same as he did. Corner a Britisher and he was not going to die in that corner without trying to fight his way out. No matter how foolish or stupid looking a man was, he might1 prove a hero when necessity arose.
TWO DAYS IN A WORKHOUSE.r
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TWO DAYS IN A WORKHOUSE. EXPERIENCE OF A MINISTER'S WIFE AND CHILDREN. At the Carmarthen Board of Guardians on Saturday the Clerk (Mr. J. Saer) said he had received from the Rev. Morris Isaac, Baptist minister, Cadoxton-Barry, a long print-ed statement of the case of his wife and five children, who had liari to spend two days and nights at the Carmarthen Workhouse owing to the refusal of the railway officials to allow them to travel home without a medical certi- ficate that one of the children was not suffer- ing from an infectious disorder. He, however, understood that copies of the circular had also been sent to each of the guardians by Mr. Isaac. The circular, which was marked "All rights reserved," contained copies of long letters sent by the rev. gentleman to the Great Wes- teruRailway stationmaster at Carmarthen, and ft the police authorities, as well as his version of the action of the doctors con- cerned in the matter, headed "The case with the doctors." Mr. J. Patagonia Lewis said the case ought to enlighten the town council of Carmarthen as to the necessity of providing an infectious hospital in the borough. He moved that a letter be sent to the town council calling their attention to the matter. The Rev. A. Fuller Mills seconded. There was nothing in the letters affecting the guar- dians or the house. In fact, Mr. Isaac spoke very favourably of the treatment his family had received there. The Clerk: The workhouse seems to have been the only bright spot in Carmarthen. (Laughter.) The motion was carried.
INVERARY CASTLE ON FIRE.
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INVERARY CASTLE ON FIRE. HISTORIC- TAPESTRY DESTROYED. On Saturday evening much alarm was caused by an outbreak of fire within Inverary Castle, at present occupied by Mr. Cresswell, on lease from the Duke of Argyll. Shortly after six o'clock one of the footmen, upon entering the large drawing-room on the south front of the castle, discovered a shade over one of the table lamps in a blaze. One of the window curtains, being near the lamp, had caught fire, and the flames had run up to the cornice before anything could be done. The valuable historic tapestry with which the saloon is hung had been partly destroyed. Meanwhile, the alarm having been given, recourse was had to the fire appliances kept in readiness. Fortunately, the efforts made were successful in preventing the flames spreading. Besides the elegantly-finished woodwork of the window, the walls and ceil- ing of the saloon were badly scorched and blackened. Five minutes longer the conse- quences, it is feared, would have been incal- culable.
SUNDAY OPENING AT MAESTEG.
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SUNDAY OPENING AT MAESTEG. At Bridgend Police-court on Saturday Geo. At Bridgend Police-court on Saturday Geo. Lewis, licensed victualler, Red Cow, Maesteg, was summoned for selling intoxicating liquor on Sunday. Alderman T. J. Hughfes defended. Police-constables Poison and Clesham secreted themselves in a hedge opposite the house, and saw a collier, named Benjamin John, knock at the front door and then go round to the side door, which was opened from within. He afterwards came out wiping his mouth. He saw the constables, and ran away. Clesham went after him. and the other constable found that the defendant had a can of beer. The Defendant said the can belonged to a lodger, named James John, who asked him to hand it to Benjamin John because he had come to knock him up to go on duty. In cross-examination by Superintendent Davies, defendant said Jamea John was not now a member of the Maesteg Good Templars Lodge. The Bench foulid the defendant guilty, and, there being a previous conviction, fined him S5. Benjamin John was fined 10s.
Advertising
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LADDEES.—Ladders for Builders, Painters, Plasterers, I Private Use, &c., all sizes at CottreU'6 old-established 1 ttanuXfctory, Bw-Armt, Bristol, W2238 I I
RISCA MAINTENANCE CASE.
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RISCA MAINTENANCE CASE. MAGISTRATES REQUIRE FURTHER EXPLANATION. Two young men (one of them bearing a medal), named Arthur Sutton and William Edward Sutton, quarrymen, of Risca, were summoned before the Monmouthshire magis- trates on Saturday upon an application by Mr. J. H. Griffiths, general relieving officer, to obtain maintenance orders against them towards the support of their father and mother, who are aged and feeble—the father 74 years of age, and the mother 72—getting 9s. weekly poor-law relief. Mr. Griffiths said the old man was suffering from senile decay, and the old woman was very feeble. They were living with their son, the landlord of the Britannia Beer-house, at Risca, who was giving them house rent free I and his wife looking after them. Another I brother was allowing 2s. 6d. per week, but the two defendants were paying nothing, although they were in regular work and had property at Pontymister. to addition, he (the witness) produced a deed of gift which recited that for mutual love and affection the father and mother made over to the two defendants three houses. He understood that, although this was not recited in the deed, the arrangement was that they should pay their father and mother 12s. per week as long as the old people lived, but they had not done so. The defendants put a different version on the matter. They said that the houses had been taken over by the other two brothers on the understanding that they (the other two brothers) would entirely support their father and mother, and not call upon the two defendants at all. Arthur Sutton, who was wearing the medal, said he left half-a-crown a week home for his parents all the time he was in Africa, and sent home £10 as well. The Magistrates thought that a good deal of further explanation was wanted, and ad- journed the case for a week.
TRAMCAR ADVERTISEMENTS.
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TRAMCAR ADVERTISEMENTS. ALDERMAN CAREY RE-OPENS THE MATTER AT CARDIFF. Alderman Oarey, at a meeting of the Car- diff Tramways Committee on Friday (Mr. W. J. Courtis, chairman, presiding), called atten- tion to the advisability or otherwise of let- ting certain spaces on the tramcars for advertising purposes. The alderman said that he referred to the matter about twelve months ago, but then he considered it advisable to postpone the matter until after Mr Ellis (the tramways manager) ha-d issued his returns for the year. He again brought the subject forward, so that the committee oould fix a date on which to discuss it. He was not in favour of disfiguring the cars, neither was he in favour of anything being placed on the caT to interfere with the route indicator, but he thought the dashboards on the sides of the car could be untiliscd for the purpose. Now- adays advertisements were got up very artistically, and under their supervision there need be no fear of any obnoxious or offensive advertisements being exhibited on the cars. They all felt that every penny they could save towards the rates they should do so, and he, therefore, moved that Mr. Arthur Ellis be asked to prepare a report as to the space he could conveniently let for the pur- pose without disfiguring the cars, and to invite tenders for advertising. Mr. W. Evans seconded, remarking that a good revenue could be obtained in this way. Mr. F. J. Beavan feared that the damage which the advertisements would do the cars would more than nullify the income derived from them. Alderman Carey pointed out that other very large centres adopted this plan with satisfactory results. The motion was carried.
SLOT METER ROBBERIES.
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SLOT METER ROBBERIES. NEWPORT MAN SENT TO GAOL FOR SIX MONTHS. Another series of slot gas meter robberies was investigated by the Newport magistrates on Friday, when a man named Robert Francis Chester, aged 35, of 371, Oaerleon-road, was brought up in custody charged with stealing Is. 7d. from a meter at 104, Wharf-road, steal- ing ls. 7d. from another a.t 32, Halstead- etreet, stealing 5s. 7d. from one at 3, Dudley- street, ls. 7d. from one at 82, and damaging another at 26, Caerau-road. He pleaded guilty. The man had formerly been in the Army. His modus operandi appeared to be that he would cut out from a local paper the advertisements of houses to let, and either obtain keys from the a.gents or get in through a window and get at the slot gas meter, the lock of which he would break and extract the money waiting for collection by the gas company's servants. When he was arrested by Detective-superin- tendent Tenner he made a clean breast of it, and said he had been in oompany with a man who had recently entered about 50 houses in the town in the same way. Mr. T. H. Hazell, the secretary to the gas company, said that organised robberies of an extensive character had been brought to the notice of the oompa-ny. As many as 85 cases had been reported, but, inasmuch as the con- sumers were answerable for the amounts, the hardship was upon them, and they ought to be protected. In the result the Bench thought that it was a very bad and determined series of thefts. They sent the man to prison for six months with hard labour.
PAUPER CONSUMPTIVES.
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PAUPER CONSUMPTIVES. ACCOMMODATION REQUIRED AT CARDIFF. I At the meeting of the Cardiff Board of Guar- dians on Saturday (Mr. O. H. Jones pre- siding), a letter was read from the secretary of the Local Government Board stating that they had learnt from the report of Mr. Bircha-m, their inspector for this district, that at his recent inspection he found fifteen inmates suffering from phthisis, for whose accommodation no special provision had been made. Pending other arrangements the Board suggested that one or two wards should ba specially set apart for consumptive patients. Mr. Birchaan pointed out that some su-dh provision was particularly needed for male patients, of whom at times, there was a. considerable number. On the motion of Mr. J. J. Ames, seconded by Mr. F. J. Beavan, the matter was referred to the workhouse visiting committee.
-* RECRUITED APPRENTICE.
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RECRUITED APPRENTICE. CARDIFF YOUTH HAS TO LEAVE THE ARMY. A case, the like of which has not been before the court for a considerable time, was dealt with by the Cardiff magistrates on Fri- day—Messrs. Joseph Howard and T. Watkin Lewis. William Channon Lucas, a Cardiff cooper, made application for his apprentice, William E. Atkins, to be delivered up to him from the 41st (Welsh) Regiment. Atkins had signed indentures to serve Mr. Lucas for six years, and in August, when he still had a year and three months to serve, he enlisted in the 41st. The application granted. The commanding officer concurred, and the wayward apprentice left the court with a jaunty air.
NEWOASTLE-EMLYN FAIR SEQUEL.
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NEWOASTLE-EMLYN FAIR SEQUEL. Finishing his day's work at Newcastle- Eralyn September Fair last Tuesday, J. R Davies, a travelling auctioneer, was assisted by a cattle-drover, named Thomas Page, to pack up three bags and a basket, which they placed on the kitchen floor of the Bunch of Grapes Inn. Going there the following morning Davies discovered that one of the bags, which contained about £10 in silver, was missing. It was afterwards found on a wall at the back, still locked, but burst open at the side. The whole of the money had gone. Page was charged at the police-court with the theft, but denied taking the money, and was committed to take his trial.
|WATER SUPPLY OF LLANELLY.
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WATER SUPPLY OF LLANELLY. A special meeting of the Llanelly Council was held on Monday, Mr. R. Guest in the chair, when a report was received from the deputation that recently visited Aberdare for the purpose of inspecting the system of filtration of water.—The Borough Surveyor said that the cost of adopting this system would be about one-tenth of a penny per 1,000 gallons. Since the visit to Aberdare the surveyor said that another method of filtra- tion had been brought before his notice. This was the Bell system, and it could be seen at work at Gloucester.—It was decided that the same deputation should pay a visit to Glou- oester and report to a. subsequent meeting.
FIGHT IN A TRAIN AT GILWERN.
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FIGHT IN A TRAIN AT GILWERN. At Crickhowell on Friday Bees Price, of Tredegar, collier, and Thomas Davies, of Rhymney, farmer, were charged with inter- fering with the comfort of passengers on the London and North Western Railway Com- pany's train at Gilwern on the 13th of August. The 4efendants, who joined the train at Aber- gavenny, commenced an argument with their wives and one or two friends respecting a bottle of whisky. The argument came to Wows-, and violent language was used. Pas- sengers became so alarmed that the communi- cation cord was pulled and the train stopped at Gilwern.—Fined 108. each and coetp.
AN INCONGRUOUS MATCH. -
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AN INCONGRUOUS MATCH. CARDIFF COUPLE'S DOMESTIC DIFFERENCES. The remarkable case commenced at Cardiff Police-court on Friday, in which Gladys How- son, a white girl, summoned George Henry Howson, a young coloured man, and her hus- band, for persistent cruelty, was resumed on Saturday. Howson keeps a licensed boarding- house and a grocer's shop in Peel-street, Cardiff. -He was defended by Mr. Harold Lloyd, while for his ifiïe, Mr. H. Morgan Rees appeared. In the course of the proceedings on Friday it was stated that the wife had issued sum- monses against her husband for assault on two occasions, but had allowed him to per- suade her to withdraw them. A fort- night after their marriage he attempted to throw her downstairs, and four months later he bit her fingers so savagely that it took two men to release it. Since then, it was stated, she had been assaulted repeatedly, and once took refuge in the police-station all night. On Saturday the complainant's mother, Mrs. John. of Barry Dock, described bruises and other marks of injury she had seen on her daughter's body, and which Mrs. How- son said had been caused by her husband. Margaret John, complainant's sister, said on one occasion she saw Howson knock his wife down, and another day he took her by the arms, threw her up in the air, and let her come down how she could. She denied suggestions that she and her sister had committed misconduct, or that a complaint was made by the inspector of board- ing houses of their behaviour. Lydia John having also given evidence, the case for the complainant was closed. Mr. Harold Lloyd having alluded to dis- crepancies ih the evidence for the com- plainant, proceeded to deal with the charge of misconduct against the complainant. He said he should call a coloured man named Allen, who had been living at Howson's boarding-house at a time when Howson was in prison. He would say that during that time on four mornings, about seven o'clock, he saw Mrs. Howson and her sister Margaret, together with two Portuguese men, leaving the bathroom, of which the door had been locked. Further, Howson would say that when he came out of prison his wife admitted that she had misconducted herself, and also a servant girl and a man named Morgan would say they had seen Mrs. Howson go into the bathroom with different men. DEFENDANT'S STORY. The defendant was the first witness called. He denied the allegations of cruelty to his wife. and said she was addicted to drink. When he came out of prison he received a letter from his wife, in which she said she knew she had done wrong, and if he would take her back slia^ would confess everything. He did not reply to this, but she came to see him, and confessed that she had mis- conducted herself with several men. She men- tioned three names, and said the others were Portuguese. He forgave her, and after this they lived. together. I Mr. Lloyd: Then that is condoned, sir. My instructions were very different from that. The Bench: You will have to bring evidence of something subsequent to that. This (continued the witness) was in Novem. her, and they lived together until May. In that month he weut to Shields, and when he returned his wife had goue. He denied that there was any cause for his wife to be jealous of a servant girl, named Williams. To Mr. Rees he admitted that he had been imprisoned without the option of a fine for what counsel described as "a brutal, black- guardly assault on a man and a woman. He did not admit it was curious that though Allen had been home several times since the alleged occurrence he said nothing, until after the service of the present summons about misconduct by Mrs. Hov.,son. The next witness was Minnie Williams, a servant girl who was employed at the defen- dant's boarding-house since last November, and who said that she saw nothing of any cruelty on Howson's part. On the day follow- ing his departure for Shields in May last she was at No. l, Canal-parade which formed a portion of the defendant's boarding-house, and there she saw complainant and one of t'he boarders come out of a bedroom, the door of which a few minutes before was looked. In the afternoon the witness found this bedroom door again locked, and she saw Mrs. Howson coming out with another man. Later still she saw her leaving the bathroom with a man. Witness asked her wti.a,t she was doing there and Mrs. Howson replied "What's the odds to you ? On the following day, about seven in the morn- ing. Mrs. Howson left. In cross-examination the wdtness said she saw the oomplain ant with men aibout five or six times that day. Edward Aforgan, a coloured seaman, corro- borated this evidence. He said he asked Mrs. Howson if she was not ashamed of herself, S/iid she replied that when her husband was fit home she irad no fun, and when he was away she was going to enjoy herself. The Bench found that Mrs. Howson had been guilty of misoonduct, and dismissed the summons.
THE FIERY ALDERMAN.
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THE FIERY ALDERMAN. MR. T. J. HUGHES AND THE JUSTICES' CHAIRMAN. Alderman T. J. Hughes appeared before the Bridgend Bench on Saturday to defend a Maesteg licensed victualler summoned for selliug intoxicating liquor during prohibited hours. The defendant having beenibonvicted, a summons against another defendant for being found on the premises was about to be proceeded with, when Mr. Hughes prepared to leave the court, and announced that he was not appearing for this defendant. The Chairman (Mr. R. W. Llewellyn) made a reply not generally audible, but which evi- dently displeased the alderman, for he hotly replied: "I am sorry I mentioned the fact, seeing that my good offices are not appre- ciated. I think they are by the bench gener- ally, but not by you. sir." With these words Alderman Hughes dis- appeared through the doorway. He was called back at the request of the Chairman, who said: "I don't know exactly what you meant by your remarks, but I don't think you meant anything that was quite courteous to me." Alderman Hughes: I intended to be per- fectly courteous to the bench. I meant to point out to the bench that I was not appear- ing in this case. and I am sorry that my courtesy was not reciprocated. The Chairman: I can only say that your actions did not correspond with your good intentions.
A DELUDED BULL.
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A DELUDED BULL. CHARGES THROUGH A TALGARTH DRAPER'S WINDOW. A yearling bull, belonging to Mr. William Thomas, Great House, Talgarth, broke loose out of the field, a.nd in passing a draper's shop in High-street he was attracted by his reflection in the window. With a great bellow the bull charged through the plate- glass. It appears that a few days previously another bull trespassed into the field occu- pied by Mr. Thomas's bull, and the two fought for hours. It is thought that the year- ling was under the impression that he saw his old enemy in the window when he charged through the plate-glass.
THEFT OF BICYCLES,
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THEFT OF BICYCLES, WANTED AT NEWPORT AND ABER- GAVENNY. Frederick Harris (25) was charged at Bristol on Friday with stealing a bicycle, the property of a Bedminster cyclist.—Evidence showed that prisoner hired the machine from t,he prosecutor for two hours, paying him 2s. 6d. He did not return, and th-a owner communicated with the' police.- Detective Moss stated that from inquiries he had made he found that the man was wanted on a warrant from Newport (Mon.) for the theft of a bicycle there, which had been traced to Hereford. He was also wanted on a warrant from Aborgiavenny for a similar offence.—The Bench committed prisoner for trial at the next assises.
PEMBROKE CLUB IN LONDON.
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PEMBROKE CLUB IN LONDON. The members of the Pembroke Club in Lon- don held their last smoking concert of the session at the Hotel Provence. Leicester- square, on Saturday evening. In the unavoid- able absence of Mr. Sydenham Joi;<>a (presi- dent) the chair was taken by Mr. T. H. Jones (inspector of schools under the London County Council), who was supported by Mr. T H. Venables, H.M.I. (vice-president). A capital programme was gone through under the direction of Mr. P. S. Mason (musical director of the club), and dur'ng the evening a short address was given by Mr. Henry (Pem- broke Dock), who was heartily welcomed as a visitor.
ONE-ARMED DRUNKARD.
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ONE-ARMED DRUNKARD. "I admit that I had a. drop of drink, but, as I have only one arm, that, makes it worse," said a young maul named Sidney Cox, who appeared before the Monmouthshire magis- trates at Newport on Saturday for being drunk. "Why?"' asked the magistrates. "Because I could not support myself," replied Cox. He was found in a helpless state of drunken- ness at \h<e Waterloo Inn, Nash, on the night of September 23. Fined 5e.
7 ABERAVON NEW SCHOOL.,
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7 ABERAVON NEW SCHOOL. SPEECHES BY DR. MORRIS ANI DR. JAMES. The new Aberavon Infants' School was opened on Tuesday by Dr. Morris, the chairman of the Glamorganshire Education Committee. The school is situated facing the Causeway, and is a striking addition to the town's architecture, re-placing some dilapi- dated thatched cottages. The school, which is built of red pressed bricks with Bath stone dressing, is of an attractive style of archi- tecture. The school has two entranoeB-one in the Causeway, and one in Charles-street. The building consists of entrance-ball, cloak- room with lavatory, mistress's room, corri- dor. and four class-rooms, which have accom- modation for 204 children. The playground consists of two levels, in all about 1,030 yards square. The school interior is very oom. pletely furnished in the beet and up-to-date style by Messrs. Illingworth, Ingham, and Co. (Limited). Leeds. The entire cost of the build. ing was £ 3,000. The architect for the schools was Mr. J. A. James, Port Talbot, to whose plans the work was carried out by Mr. E. G. Groom, contractor, Aberavon, the clerk of the, works being Mr. J. Williams, Taibach. Dr. Morris having opened the main entrance door, the company present repaired to the large class-room, where Mr. Daniel Evans (chairman of the. Port Talbot Group School. presided and briefly opened the proceedtmgis. Dr. Morris, who was enthusiastically re- ceived, said if the schools in Aberavon were a criterion of the advancement of education in the district they must he going on very well. They were now under a new form of educational government, and it was difficult to say what it would be eventually. He would not say anything as to the controversy now going on. As they knew, there was a great fight in progress, upon the merits of which he must not touch; but he assured them that the great aim and object of the education committee was to' work in uniacm and harmony with the managing bodies all over the country. (Applause.) He was sorry to find that in one instance the religious question had crept in as a qualifi- cation in the appointment of teachers. This the education committee did not coudn tenanoe. Xo question of a religious nature would be asked of any teacher who ramo before them. (Applause.) The question of the training of teachers was receiving tha attention of the county committee, but nothing definite had been settled by them. His opinion was that the pupil teaohera should be trained at public schools, and in that way be brought up to the standard of the matriculation equal to London, or any. where else. (Applause.) The committee were anxious that the tuition in the schools should be the very best obtainable. SpeciaJ subjects -such as mining for mining districts-would be introduced, so that the scholars would be able to adapt themselves to the require. ments of their districts, and so make the people better colliers or managers. They were gradually dra,wing up so as to bring the standard of any industry to the highest Level. The question of the teaching of Welsh wa« also being considered. He was a Welshman, but not one of those who thought everything should be Welsh; but he thought the more languages they knew the better able they would be to cope with the commercial pa.' quirements of the times. (Applause ) Inspector P. B. Ballard. M.A., also spoke, and said that education did not merely con- sist in making children clever in book leaz-ft. ing, but the. cultivation of character and health as well. (Applause.) People grumbled about spending money on schools, but all money spent in the interest of education was an economy, as the more spent on schools would mean the less spent on gaols and other such institutions. (Applause.) Dr. James, who was loudly applauded on rising, touched upon physical, intellectual, and moral training, and said that, much as we in this country prided ourselves on our superiority to other nations in physical training, it was open to ques- tion whether it was with us of such a systematic character, at least for adults, as it often was on the Continent. The Briton's love of sport was a bye-word on the Continent, but was it not -a fact that only a comparatively small portion of the popula- tion took any systematic course of physical exercise? Was it too much to expect that a. gymnasium be attached to each large primary school? One of the most important deside- rata in education was the development of the intellect, but if the character was left unde- veloped and untilled like fallow land there was one thing lacking, and that one deficiency spoilt all the other accomplishments. Tho child should be taught to respect himself. There seemed to be nothing so lamentably distressing as a man who had lost complete respect. It was worse than a nation losing its independence This was one of the beset- ting sins of the Welsh nation-lack of self- respect. In particular he would wish to urge these things upon Glamorgan. The county had been stigmatised as "Black Glamorgan, but the teachers of the county had the power of changing that epithet, andmaklfig even Glamorgan one of the whitest spoty of Cymru Wen. Votes of thanks concluded the proceedings.
NEWPORT SUNDAY SCENE,
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NEWPORT SUNDAY SCENE, MAINDEE GROCERS IN THE POLICE* COURT. Two Maindee grocers told the conflicting tale of a Sunday evening fracas in the Magis- trates'-court at Newport on Monday. It arose from a dog episode.—Mr. George P. Thorne, of Summerhill-road, was summoned for ~-ao assault upon Mr, William Oonnsell, grocer, of Church-road; Sidney Thorne (son of the for mer defendant) was summoned for cruelly ill- treating Mr. Counsell's dog; and Mr. Couneeil was summoned on a claim for X,5 damages sustained by defendant's dog causing the death of one of Mr. Thorne's sheep. ->*•■ Mr. Lyndon Moore appeared for Mr. Gotin- sell; Mr. H. G. Lloyd appeared for Mr. Thorne and his son. On Sunday evening, September 18,1 4fr., afid Mrs. Counsell, with their family, were taking a walk on the Christchurch-road towards Beechwood Park, and had with them a little black-and-tan terrier. Everything went alonf with Sunday serenity till they got near Bryai- derwen-road, when all people strolling in that neighbourhood were startled, not to1 say horrified, at hearing someone shouting from the field on the opposite side of tile roadt "Kill him. Charlie! Kill him, Charlie!" with (as some of the witnesses, including Mr, J. H. Roberts, schoolmaster, and Mr. Benja- min Prosser, an engineering foreipan, said) fearful language thrown in. This proved to he Mr. Thorne, sen., giving directions as to the treatment of Mr. Counsell's dog. The little dog was chased by two sheep-dogs owned by Mr. Thorne, and was, after bfing caught, stated to have been ill-used by Mr. Thorne. jun. Mr. Thorne, sen., came along the road in a furious state, and said the dog had killed one of his sheep in the field. Mr. Counsell said he was struck a heavy blow across the head with the stick Mr. Thorne had in his hand, and it took three men to hold Mr. Thorne back from doing further violence. 4 sheep, which so far as he (Mr. Counsell) could see. was not injured, was taken in a cart to a slaughterhouse at Maindee and killed, Mr. Thorne telling him that the dog had done 10v worth of damage. The story from Mr. Thorne's point of view was that he was subjected to a great deal of annoyance and damage by dogs worrying the sheep in his field. At this time of the year, when the ewes were in lamb, it was parti- cularly bad. and defendant's dog chased the sheep and did the damage complained of. The summons against Mr. Counsel! Was dismissed, and Mr. Thftfp, senior, was fined 21s., or a month, and Mr. Thorn, junior, ZOa., or fourteen days.
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MAN UNDER THE BED."
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MAN UNDER THE BED. At Ystrad on Monday Henry John, of no fixed abode, stated to be a native of Llaneily, was charged with being at the New Inu Hotel, Clydach Vale, for an unlawful purpose, on Saturday night. According to the evid-ence, the defendant was discovered under the bed at the hotel by Miss Ashford, barmaid, who was attracted to the place by hearing groans. Efforts were made by D L. Davies, a, barman, to dislodge him, but he would not go away until Police- constable Seeler came on the scene. The ooiv. stable dragged him from his place of con- cealment, and it was found that he was under the influence of drink. Defond,a,ut admitted the offence, and wtated that he had been drunk since the Neath fair. Inspector Williams stated that the defen- was a confirmed thief. The Bench r-eana-rked that in view of the recent tragic occurrence at Pcntre, it wåa only natural that occupants of houses would be very much alarmed to find a Bia.a 'm'e the defendant in tho bedroom. Prisoner was sentenced to two months' imprisonment.