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WORKMEN'S NOTES. .I

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WORKMEN'S NOTES. REPLY TO THE ARGUMENTS OF M. LEYVY. By WILLIAM BRACE. [Parliamentary Labour Candidate for; South Gl-am o rg an. ] I have read M. Lewy's two articles; defending his proposals for a regulation of output scheme for Western Europe with muoh interest, but I still have to confess myself unconvinced as to the practicability of his ideas. He declares; that we ought not to be troubled with "imaginary difficulties"—political economy—taking no regard as to the. desires of the coalowners or conditions in other counties or countries. To me this expression in some degree demonstrates that M. Lewy has not yet grasped with all the thought he has given to the subject what a mighty undertaking he is engaged upon and what tremendous obstacles he has to overcome before his: proposals can be brought within the radius of practical questions. Neither has he, with all his cosmopolitan know-1 ledge and undoubted ability, realised the peculiar construction of the mind of a Britisher, whose bump of cautiousness is developed to that point that compels him to examine matters from the practical standpoint before binding him- sell in their favour. It is not inconsis- tent for one to agree with base principles, but to withhold support because of a want of agreement upon important details. For instance, I may favour the principle of a control of output scheme for South Wales, but when I am asked to assist in creating a scheme upon that principle to apply to all the coalfields of Western Europe, with its multiplicity or different interests, races, and languages, I claim it is no inconsistency on my part to decline to be a party to such a pro- posal, inasmuch as 1 verily believe it an utter impossibility to secure the neces- sary cohesion of the different interests involved to give the slightest hope for 6ncces9. The Hopes of ;he Scheme. Treating the question from this stand- point, i contend that the elementary and minimum demand preparatory to an undertaking such a.> AL Lewy proposes) must be substantial agreement between the coalowners and workmen of the respective coalfields, or, at least, nationali- ties. What hope is there of this? It is not that the subject has not been con- sidered, for, as Western Mail" readers well know, several attempts have been made in this coalfield both by employers and workmen to bring into operation a control of output scheme, the employers declining to make the attempt simply upon tiie ground that a few of their number refused to co-opcrato. With this experience to guide me, is it to be wondered that 1 am of little faith in the success of an international project when the difficulties in dealing with the matter upon an infinitely smaller and less com- plex scale have proved up to the present insurmountable ? Why does not M. Loewy focus his energy to this end upon South Waics as a starting point ? The soil here is more favourable than any other coalfieid in Western Europe. Eighty per cent. and over of the coalowners have declared in favour of controlling the out- put; the whole of the workmen and their leaders say ditto. Here the spado-work has been done; all that is wanted is the master mind. If the problem is so easy of solution as M. Lewy presumes, South Wales is the ideal coalheld for the demon- stration. With prices at a given point, we have a coal that gives us a virtual monopoly of oertain markets. It, there- fore, seems to md that if the attempt could succeed internationally it would be bound to do so in South Wales pending attempting the larger movement. The Onus of Proof. Can M. Lewy show a sound foundation for his belief that wages and profits will increaso under his scheme? If so, his work will he easy, for lie will be preach- ing to an anxious, sympathetic audience. It will not be a good arswer to my argu- ment for M. Lewy to say that his scheme must be applied to the whole of Western Europe bolore it can succeed, because if it contains the element of success in the wider area it cannot fail under the par- ticularly favourable conditions in Wales if limited to that district. As a contro- versialist M. Lewy poesesses all the cleverness of his race, for he places the onus upon me to prove wherein his pro- posals fail; whereas i.t is for him to prove to me that they are bound to succeed. It is he who dew res to convert me to his way of thinking, and not I to convert him. In this matter my position is not difficult to understand. I am honoured with the position of a leader with my colleagues of a large army of workers. While they are in the mine delving for a livelihood out of their hard-earneu pence they provide us with the necessary time and opportunities for studying how bost to protect their interests, for only upon these lines, with the present capitalistic system, could labour hope to meet capital upon anything suggestive of an equal basis. That being so, one must be con- vinced without much shadow of doubt that advice to throw over existing con- ditions in favour of others is sufficiently well founded to guarantee almost with certainty that the last stage will not be worse than what is given up. Workmen's Compensation. In Economist's" criticism of my remarks upon proposed amendments to the Workmen's Compensation Act he, doubtless quite unconsciously, contradicts his own propositions. He first states that the cost of the working of tho Com- pensation Act fails upon the workmen, and then goes on to argue that the employers' justification for not employing men approaching middle-age is that it may entail upon them (the employers; heavy compensation. "Econdibist" can- not have it both ways. If it is the work- men who have to pay the compensation what difference will it make to the employers' profits whatever the cost may be? lie is, probably, correct when he says that before the passing of the Com- pensation Act men who had been injured returned to work in a less period than they do now. But, surely, that is not evidence that workmen malinger. leather, indeed, the evidence goes to prove the pressing necessity for such legislation, for by it workmen who have been broken in follow- ing their occupation are able to lie idle with bread provided for their families while their injured limbs arc being repaired. As one who has been through this mill, my critic may permit me to say that many men in the past were forced to .return to work before they had recovered owing to their family demands being greater than the relief payments from club or fund would cover. Claims for Old-age Pensions. "Economist's." quotation from the "Times" relative to the discussion at the Oddfellows' Conference is not argument against extending the provisions of the Compensation Act; it is evidence in favour of old-age pensions being paid to work- men at the age of 45 instead of 60 years of age, which so many old-age pension proposals recommend. To hear some people talk one would think that the path of a p orson who would malinger is an easy one. Easy one, forsooth Let those who administer the Act have an idea that a workman receiving compensation is malin- gering, whether such impression is right or wrong, his path is made anything but ft bed of roses. The workmen have ofttimos good cause to complain because of the readiness of parties to regard them as malingerers when there is no foundation for such an idea. It is not unusual for men to die quite suddenly who were not con- sidered entitled to much sympathy, and who were not believed to be dangerously ill. Will "E conoinist try to treat this question without class prejudice, for he may take it from me that working men are not less honourable than other people in matters of this character. I do not accept responsibility for the statement that no workman malingers to receive compensation under the Act; but, with- out reservation, I dissent strongly from the view that it is practised to any con- siderable extent, as some people, "Econo- mist among the number, would have the public suppose.

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