The Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard

Borth Borderer. I Private EDWIN JENKINS, S.W.B., Brynteg, on active service in France has a brother on active service at Salonica. (Photo, Williams, chemist). Fair Rhos Corporal. Corporal W. J. EDWARDS. Gadawodd Corporal Edwards safle bwysig mewn gwaith mwn i yinuno a'r fyddin. Gwelir y yroes goch ar ei fraich yn dynodi'r adran y perthyn iddi.

MISS LLOYD GEORCE S FIANCE. Captain Carey Evans, F.R.C.S., son of Dr. R. D. Evans, J.P., Llys Meddvg, Blaenau Festiniog, who is to marry Miss Olwen Lloyd George, the Prime Minister's daughter, was ex- pected home daily last week, but news has been received that his ship has been torpedoed. Captain Evans, however, has been landed some-1 where safe and fit, but the date of his arrival1 in England is now uncertain. The marriage has been arranged to take place at the Welsh Bap- tist Chapel, Castle-street, London, Dr. Clifford. Dr. Owen Davies (Carnanon), and the Rev. Mr. Nicholas (minister of the church) officiat- ing.

Twice Wounded. I Mrs. Jones, Arfryn House, Buarth- road, received information this week that her son, Lance-corporal W. S. Jones, K.R.R., has been slightly wounded in France by a piece of shell in the back of the right shoulder. Lance- corporal Jones, who went to France at the com- mencement of the war, was twice previously wounded. A postcard was received on Tuesday stating that he had arrived in England and was in hospital.

"Cambrian News" Medallist. Private DAVID PHILLIP PARRY, Son of Mr. and Mrs. Parry, 2, Poole Side, Carnarvon; employed before enlisting as lino. operator at the Cambrian News" Office; joined the forces in July and has won the military medal as a despatch rider in France.

The Food Beverage 1.. for afl War Workers.- OOIF P, Vr. C-O-C-O-ff

— —- Llanfihangel-y-Croyddin Brothers. I <M' Sons of Mr. and Mrs. John Davies, Ffynon- drindod. Sergeant DAVID DAVIES, South ¡. I Wales Borderers, joined the forces shortly after the outbreak of war-. on active service in France I since July, 1915. Private E. DAVIES, King's Liverpool Regiment, was invalided home from France last October, after taking part on the "r7" Pi:' -'f'¡- c- '-7.I. "$ ..¡q-r'1. -c>:t:> Somme, but he has now returned to France. Lance-corporal R. DAVIES, South Wales Borderers, joined the forces September, 1914, and went to France in August, 1915, and thence to Salonica; was invalided home with malaria fever last August, and is now on active service in France.

Comforts for Fighters. Y.M.C.A. ADMIRERS. The following are a few extracts from 30 letters of Aber. men serving abroad sent to R.S.M. Fear, in acknowledgment of parcels:— Airman H. E. Davies, France-I think every- one who gets slack in his war work should see the state of the villages after the Germans leave them. It baffles description. The cemeteries have also been desecrated and in one village near by a vault has been forced open and a lid of a coffin prised open, but the leaden case inside was unbroken. I have seen this myself. I shall be glad when all is over, so that one may return to Blighty once more. Private J. Jones, Egypt-The boys are enjoying the best of health, but the heat is terrible. We are in a place about 300 miles from a town, nothing but a desert on one side and sea on the other. I should like to be back in Blighty once again. Private J. Jenkin Evans, France—I think I can safely address you as "friend." In fact I do not know anyone in Aber. who can be deemed a better friend to the Aber. boys on the various fronts. I can assure you that it cheers one up tremendously when we think that although we are far from home, we are not forgotten by the people of our native town. Airman Evan H. Price, France-It has come to my notice that you are about to open a Y.M.C.A. at Aber. No doubt it is a good undertaking, for the boys will surely appre- ciate it. I wish you every success. The Hun is having his share of iron rations just now. I trust we shall all be coming back to dear old Blighty in the near future. Gunner H. Hammond, France—I am glad that the performance given by the Rheidol Choir was a success. I met an Aber. lad while on the march recently-Emrys Davies, Little Darkgate-street—and he looks well. Thanks for card enclosed, which I shall treasure. Private Steve Jones, France—The cigs. are one of the best comforts for the boys. I am at present at Rouen having a little rest. The weather here is glorious. Lance-corporal J. Land, France-As I write T think of home and wonder if all are happy. I wish that God in his goodness would bring this terrible war to a finish and so end the miseries and hardships of those out here and also at home who are anxiously awaiting the glad news of the return of their loved ones who are striving their utmost to oust 'the hate- ful Germans from the fair lands of France and Belgium and thereby prevent him from endangering the shores of old 'England. I feel confident the end is not. far off. Corporal Arthur Williams, France—There are great things in the air and I think that before long we shall hear the whole orchestra at it clashing and banging away in a big old finale. The effective measures now in force against the U boats will, if they continue, greatly lessen the strain all round and pave the way for the drop of the curtain. I am sorry to hear the bad news of Sergeant Joe Thomas. Many Aber. boys have given their all, a great sacrifice for a great cause. Gunner D. J. Edwards, France—You can never realise the joy a parcel gives a man who is far away from home. I endorse all the boys say in their letters which I read in the Cambrian News" I have not met an Aber. boy yet. Fritz is having the warmest time of his life now. I read your little card often and shall treasure it to the last. Sapper D. Evans, France—We have the Bosche completely mastered, though I am afraid that he is such a stubborn combatant that it will be some time before he realizes this, or at least, that it will take some time before he admits he is beaten. I was sorry to hear of the death of Alec Davies, Figure Four. Corporal D. J. Davies, France—I was pleased to read in the ''Cambrian News" that the per- formance given by the Rheidol Choir was so well patronised. I can assure you all Aber. boys are thankful to them. I have come across one Aber. boy recently—Edgar Benson. Lance-corporal W. H. Felix, France-I was pleased to hear that the concert in aid of your fund was a success and it is gratfying for Aber. boys that our friends are thinking of us. Rifleman J. D. Jenkins, France--I was sorry to read in the Cambrian News" of the Aber. boys who have fallen in action. We are having beatiful weather and hope it will last so that we may give the finishing touch to this terrible war. Private J. R. Jones, France-V-any thanks for Scriptural quotations which [ preserve. I was pleased to hear that the performance of the Bohemian Girl" turned out a success, but I deeply regret the news of what has befallen to a few more Aberites. I wonder tilow many more valuable lives will be destroyed before this ghastly affair comes to an end? Lance-corporal A. Hughes, France--I can assure you the cigs. are a godsend to all who receive them, as sometimes we are unable to procure them for love or money. It is not only the Aber. boys that appreciate them, but boys from all parts, as we share them amongst our pals. Lance-corporal D. Jenkins, France—The cigs. arrived in the night time, and it is very kind of Aber frriends to think of us. We are having just the weather to smash up old Fritz. I hope the Y.M.C.A. will be a success in Aber. as it is doing good work here. I have only met one Aber. bov this last nine months. Corporal T. P. Davies, France-I cAn assure you cigarettes are luxuries in this area, so by your thoughtful act I have been greatly relieved at present, as well as many other friends here. When in the Welsh Divi- sion I used to come in contact daily with some of the Aber. boys and the first item on the programme at that pleasant meeting always was—"Have one of Mr. Fear's cigarettes?" and in accepting the offer even Mr. Fritz's high explosives were treated with contempt. I can assure you that the kindness of the Aber. people and your own tireless and unselfish activities on our behalf are very much appre- ciated by us. Lance-corporal D. S. Jenkins, France-I am glad to understand that Aber. people are still remembering their friends in this country. I am up the line once more, after a very nice rest at the base. We give the Bosche some- thing to go on with these days. Private W. Williams, France-I was sorry to learn that Mr. Hugh Hughes's son is missing and trust they will have further news of him soon. The weather is grand now. Private R. Lewis, France—I am in hospital at present with ajsad leg, but it is coming on well. It is nice to be out of the sound of the guns for a time. May God bless you all. Acknowledgments have also been received from Corporal R. Edwin Evans, Private P. W. Vaughan. Private L. Morgan, Private J. S. Owens, Driver H. H. Hopkins, Driver J Lewis, Driver E. James. Sapper A. Rowe, Private S. S. Lucas, and Corporal W. Thomas, France. Amount already acknowledged (Christmas, 1915), £ 146 5s. Od.: amount already acknow- ledged (weekly), P599 3s. 2d.: draw, per Mr. Hollier for two prizes made by a young lieuten- ant who gave his life for his country and pre- sented by an anonymous donor, f2 10s.; Mr. D. Svlvanus Williams, Wilkes Barre. Pa, I U.S.A., ner Mr. David Samuel, of the County School, E2; Mr. Morris, Piercefield, Penparke

The Y.M.C.A WHAT IT IS DOING. Speaking at Aberystwyth last week on the work of the Y.M.C.A. Mr. F. S. Higman, divisional secretary for Wales, said that in August, 1914, the Association was faced with a great problem. They wondered whether they dared ask the public for £ 25,000. They, how- ever, took courage and did so. When I tell you," he continued, that the public have re- sponded to the tune of a million and a quarter and that it has cost three and a half millions you have some idea of the magnitude of the work." Nearly all had had letters on Y.M.C.A. letter paper with the red triangle in the corner from all parts of the war area. That note- paper was costing over £1,000 a week, and when they realized how much could be got for sixpence they had an idea of the consumption. You can always tell the married men from the single" said Mr. Higman with a smile. The married man wants only a postcard, but the single man wants sheets and sheets." (Laughter). We say it has an ethical and moral value, for because if we can keep the boys in touch with home and their beloved ones they are not so easily inclined to go crooked. Have you ever tried to write a letter on the top of a bucket? he proceeded, "or on your hat, or on another man's back. If you have you will appreciate what it means to the men when they can go into a hut and secure games, tables, ink, and all they require with a quiet corner for the quiet ones or a piano for the musical ones." He instanced the influence of music on the men, telling how they drifted from contic songs to the hymn tune "Aberyst- wyth" and how the memories that that tune revived prevented their getting beyond the second verse. In the refreshment bar they had the great counter-attraction to the wet canteen. This work was being carried on up in the lines and under fire. Dug-outs had taken the place of huts and hot coffee, etc., was served right up to the fighting line. It was difficult to stir up those surrounded by every comfort to an apprei ciation of the hardships which followed the loss of the simple comforts of life. The appre- ciation of the work had come from the men themselves. An officer who acted as censor had said that the men swore at most things, but they never swore at the Y.M.C.A. Some persons were under the impression that the Y.M.C.A. was of mushroom growth, but that was an error. The Association had been founded eighty years ago and for twelve years it had been carrying on work in the camps with the volunteers. After the Association had shown what it was capable of there came the time when Lord Kitchener, who was always loyal, opened the door, and now the men had the Red Triangle at every halt they made. Touching on the moral conditions prevailing in Egypt, Mr. Higman said they were "awful." The Y.M.C.A. laid hold of a place which would accommodate 5,000 men and started roller-skat- ing, boxing, concerts—anything to keep the men occupied and healthy. The greatest compliment to the work had come from General Smuts who wired asking the Association to become canteen contractor to that portion of the army which was under his leadership. The Association wired back "Yes, if you cut the drink," and he agreed, so that they were now official canteen contractors. "We have," proceeded Mr. Higman, the great sympathy of a great public. We have gone out as the clearing house of all the denominations. We are not trying to start a new denomination. We are loyal to the churches in the sense that they have been loyal to us." At the request cf the Premier, they had taken up work in the munition canteens, and the scores of station huts showed how they had tried to meet the travellers needs. Every night 10,000 soldiers who were travelling were dealt with and there were motor cars which did nothing else but run round the streets of London at night look- ing for stranded men. Touching on the work for relatives of the wounded, Mr. Higman said that it was carried out without the cost of a penny to those concerned. The War Office had handed the work over to the Y.M.C.A. and relatives were met as they came down the gang- way, conveyed in Y.M.C.A. motors to Y.M.C.A. hostels, taken to the hospitals to see their dear ones, taken back and put on board the boat again, being fed and cared for and guided right through. "Now," concluded the speaker, we are faced with other problems. The boys have become very much attached to the Y.M.C.A. They have looked to it a good deal in time of war and there are indications that they are going to look to it for further service after the war. What is to be our after-the- war policy? There is a tremendous anxiety bleing shown throughout the country for something of the kind and we want to gather ideas so as to formulate a definite policy. You may rely that we shall endeavour to sup- port yon and help in every direction, because we are conscious that we have your sympathy and that you want to help us in safeguarding the boys when they come back."

¡-=- (continued from previous column). (2nd), 10s.; thankoftering for restored health, 5s.; David Jones Brothers, butchers (9th), 5s.; Thomas Ellis and Co., drapers, Terrace-road (10th), 5s.; Mr. Leitch, Kings Heath, St. I David's-road. 5s.; Captain D. Jones, Nythfa (8th), 5s.; Mr. D. R. Williams, builder, Llan- badarn (6th), 2s. 6d.: Mr. D. Williams, Cam- bria Shoe Stores (18th), 2s. 6d.; Messrs. Culli- ford, photographers (12th), 2s. 6d.; Mr. D. R. Jones, bcot manufacturer, Bridge-street (8th), 2s. 6d.; Rev. J. J. Davies. Llysteg (2nd), 2s. 6d; Mr. J. Llewelyn Lloyd, grocer (5th), 2s.; Central Foundry employees (36th), 10s.; Special Constabulary Drill Class (101st), 5s. 6d.; "Cambrian News" employees (84th), 3s. 6d.; Corporation employees (70th), 3s. 6d.; Electric Works employees (71st), 2s. 9d.; Mr. Teviot- dale's employees (82nd), 2s.; Mr. David Watkins' employees (8tli), 2s.: total, C753 16s. lid. Forty parcels, which includes three new recipients and 13 non-smokers' parcels sent this week cost £8 9s. lid.; contributions for the week, B8 8s. 9d. R.S.M. Fear tenders his sincere thanks to the anonymous donor of the two prizes for the draw and to the organisers for the handsome sum which heads the list this week. Also to Mr. D. Sylvanus Williams of Wilkes Barre, Pa, U.S.A., for his continued support which is much appreciated.

—■wiam——n——neanronga—— I ;c:c lip HY ARC H ER&C?51 m GOLBEHRETURHS I j; -^y3 REGISTERED Facsimile of One-Ounce Packet, Archer's Golden Returns The Perfoction of Pipe Tobacco, a COOL, SWEET AND FRACRAKT. J

Portmadoc Officer Killed. Lieutenant VAVASOR JONES, Son of Mrs. Morris Jones, Bank-place, Port- madoc, and of the late Captain Morris Jones, Ael-y-gath, Portmadoc, aged twenty-eight next July, who was killed in action in France on April 19th. He was in the service of the Alliance Assurance Company before he joined the colours and held an important appoint- ment under the Company, first at Wrexham and afterwards at Southampton. His brother (Captain Arvor Jones) has been with the R.A.M.C. almost from the outbreak of the war and is now in Palestine.

I Fairbourne Driver. Driver G. LL. JONES, R.F.A., Son of Mr. and Mrs. Jones, Cliff View, on active service at the Western Front; formerly employed at Peacock's Stores.

Llanbadarn Sapper. I Sapper W. J. CHARLES, Grove Cottage; On active service in France since November.

Abergynolwyn Soldier. I Private R. GRIFFITHS. Was educated at the Council School, Abergyn- olwyn, and at the County School, Towyn, where he took the senior certificate of the Central Welsh Board. Having decided to adopt teach- ing as his profession, he entered Bangor Normal College in 1914. After having completed one year's training he volunteered for the army, but was rejected on medical grounds. Deter- mined to do his hit, he attempted to gain admission as a soldier several times and his perseverance was at last rewarded, he being enrolled as a member of the R.A.M.C. He did his training at Llandrindod and Aldershot, sub- sequently serving in the military hospitals at home. The call came for foreign service and he was drafted to Mesopotamia where he now serves his country. He was very popular in his native village, being of a genial disposition. He was also a keen sportsman.

Women's Work in France. A GREAT OPPORTUNITY. There is a splendid opening for women between the ages of 20 and 40 in the National Service. They will be engaged mainly to re- place soldiers who are now doing clerical work and who can then be released for the fighting line. The rate of pay ranges from 23s. to 32s. per week, but they will be paid overtime at the rate of 7d. per hour for any time they are occupied over 42 hours per week. There are also various perquisites allowed. For example, they are given £4 for the purpose of providing themselves with a uniform, and a further grant of J61 at the end of six months, and a bonus of 25 at the end of the first 12 months' completed service. I The scheme has already proved a great suc- cess. Apart from the fact that the women will be employed under most desirable conditions, and accommodated comfortably in France, in hostels, under the care and supervision of lady superintendents, an opportunity is thus afforded them of rendering a direct and great service to the country, while the training they will re- ceive will be of immense service to them in after life. The Hon. Lady Mackworth, National Service Commissioner for Wales (Women's Section), is in charge of the Department at the Law Courts, Cardiff. Lady Mackworth is working energetically with the view of making the scheme an un- qualified success, and would readily supply in- tending candidates with any Information as well as with the necessary forms of application.

LLANAFAN. Mr. D. V Howell, of the Agricultural Depart- ment, U.C.W., gave an interesting demonstra- tion lecture in fruit bottling and fruit drying on Tuesday evening. The lecture was followed with interest, and it is hoped that good prac- tical results will follow. At the conclusion of the lecture a vote of thanks was proposed by Mr. II. H. Herring; and seconded by Mrs. Crawley-Boevey and carried with applause.

MINISTRY OF HEALTH. It is understood that the Government have decided to take the opinion of friendly societies, 'insurance societies, and like associations before proceeding to form a Ministry of Health. It is most probable, however, that these opinions will be favourable to the idea.

Crisis In Welsh Education. THE SITUATION EXPLAINED. RESPECTIVE POLICIES OF CENTRAL WELSH BOARD AND WELSH UNIVERSITY. ROYAL COMMISSION AND ATTITUDE OF WELSH MEMBERS. (By a Welsh Educationist.) It is a striking coincidence that, on attaining its majority, the controlling authority of second- ary education in Wales should find itself faced by the greatest crisis of Welsh education in every grade. The Central Welsh Board came into existence in 1896. In 1917 the whole system of Welsh education-elementary, second- ary, technical, higher, university-is thrown into the melting pot. On the ability of the Welsh nation to appreciate the magnitude of its dangers and its opportunities depends the character and efficiency of the education of Welsh children. On that depends the place and opportunities of Welshmen and Walshwomen in the new world. The crucial question is, how will Wales stand equipped to meet these new conditions? We have seen two distinct and opposite schools of thought and policy. The one would set aside all consideration of future needs until the present conflict is past. The other would make all due preparation to cope with the dangers and enable the nation to avail itself of the great possibilities of the future. It is the manufacturing firms which, when released from present disabilities, will be best prepared to revert to their original work, scrapping obsolete machinery, putting in the new plant to meet the new requirements that will hold the most favourable position for business supremacy after the war. The firms which defer making any preparations for the future until the war is over must inevitably be seriously handicapped. What is true of the business world is no less true in the sphere of educational equipment. It was doubtless such considerations as these which inspired the Central Welsh Board in its new policy of active preparation to meet future conditions. One of the indications of the new activities of the Central Welsh Board is its bold step in convening a great national convention on education. This will shortly meet at Llandrindod and will be representative of probably every educa- tional interest in the Principality. Though this convention may be as yet the only public mani- festation of the new policy, it is betraying no confidence to say that the convention will be one fruit only of the activities of the Central Welsh Board, extending over a period of at least two years past. These activities will be more fully explained in subsequent articles. Their initiation may be traced to the resolution adopted by the Central Welsh Board at its half-yearly meeting in May, 1915, on the motion of Mr. Wm. George. By this resolution the Board delcared it would "welcome a competent public enquiry, under Government sanction, into the condition of all grades of education in Wales." One of the first fruits of that enquiry is the submission of evidence by the Board to the Royal Commission on Welsh university edu- cation. Its full harvest will doubtless be at t, service of the national convention. The amount of labour involved by this enquiry can be rightly appreciated only by those who have par- ticipated in it or followed its course. The mass of information collected affords some indication of the magnitude of the task. The enquiry has covered the whole ground of Welsh education. Like Mr." Fisher, the new minister of education, they regard efficient edu- cational equipment as the first essential condi- tion of national progress, and that conse- quently the unstinted provision of such equip- ment is the best economy. The attitude and policy of the University of Wales has been throughout somewhat different from that of the Central Welsh Board. Broadly speaking, the university, neglecting to institute an enquiry of its own, deprecating it by others, has only submitted to the force exercised by the Treasury. Taking, first, the question of enquiry, it is notorious that there was as crying a need and as good an opportunity in the case of the uni- j versity as in that of the Central Welsh Board. I In February, 1915, the Treasury intimated that [ university conditions in Wales demanded compe- | tent enquiry and consideration. The door was left open for the university to take action. It did not do so. Instead, the university confer- ence endeavoured to avoid all enquiry. Reformers could not, on the other hand, close their eyes to salient facts, e.g., that the col- lege charters are obsolete; that, while every modern university in England has been over- hauled and brought more up to date in its acti- vities and administration, that of Wales has been content to jog along on the old lines, in- different alike to present national needs and future national development. Notwithstanding Principal Griffiths's proud boast that Wales possesses the only real national university in the world, it is now becoming recognised that its powers, as the controlling national institution, are weak and ineffective. It has never attempted to organise and co-ordinate its constituent col- leges. It has no voice in appointing professors or in determining what departments shall be established or where. In practice, it is merely an examining and degree-granting body. The imposition upon the shoulders of the Welsh University Sinbad "of an old man of the sea" in the form of Lord Haldane's proposed bureaucracy of ten supermen has been averted only by the bold and energetic action of the valuable extra-university committee of which Mr. Wm. George is chairman. In no direction has the essential difference between the two policies been more obvious than in the attitude of the authorities towards the claim of Welsh nationalism. On the one hand we have a policy, making for the national unity of Wales. On the other, one making for purely local autonomy and the perpetuation of provincial policies. While each of the three Welsh colleges may be charged with conspiring in more or less degree to retain and extend its own independence, unfettered by any considera- I tion for the conservation of national resources [ and energy or for the promotion of effective national unity in the realm of education, it was left to the Senate of the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire to unfurl the banner of revolt and to aim at establishing a Welsh Ulster at Cardiff. Fortunately for Car- diff, the good sense of its pwn public men, inspired by the -example of the College Council, effectively suppressed the College Senate revolt. Attention is now being called to the aloofness of Welsh Parliamentary representatives from all matters pertaining to Welsh education. This has not always been the case. Mr. (now Sir) Brynmor Jones framed the Welsh University Charter. Mr. T. E. Ellis and Mr. Ellis J. Griffith did a like service to the Welsh Inter- mediate Education Act. Mr. Herbert Lewis was one of the Welsh members who served on joint county committees. Mr Lloyd George was responsible for the Welsh revolt against the Education Act of 1902. What are the Welsh members doing to-day? They declined to co- operate with the Central Welsh Board in con- vening a national convention. They saw appointed a non-Welsh body of royal commis- sioners to re-construct the Welsh University without raising a voice in protest.

I DEPARTURE OF WOMT-N, VBLUNTEERS POSTPONED. The War Office has notified Lady Mackworth that the South Wales contingent of recruits for the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps are to defer their departure till the middle of the month, instead of going to London to begin general training on Monday, June, 11th, as was pre- viously arranged. )

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