The Cardiff Times

? ? V b"PERPECTA COMBINATION BILLIARD sad «UN» TABLES. Prices from £ 18 10s. for JJWtictUarB to G. SPENCEB and SONS, 36. OPPER "CADE, BRISTOL.

WELSH PRIZES BROWN BREAD LONDON BAKERY EXHIBITION, SEPTEMBER, 1905. ?IRST, SECOND, a.nd THIRD PRIZES AWARDEI TO REYNOLDS' WHEATMEAL BREAD, F. REYNOLDS & CO., LTD., MILLERS GLOUCESTER. Order Reynolds' Brown Bread from Bakers and Stores all parts. 3705

v t WORKMEN'S TOPICS. I BY MABON, M.P. tRADE UNIONISTS AND THEIR WORK. Saving jn consequence of my illness and the that followed failed toattend the recent Union Congress held at Han ley, Stafford- « and having freqnent requests with regard opinions respecting the work done thereat, ag the circumstances, it will not be i *• to deal with the conference at thie late One who has like myself frequented these ''firings for 0ver 30 years it is a matter of t0 gn(j that notwithstanding the 'k»t,t,V8 indirect and secondary work Premier business of Trade Unions—wages, 'aboor, and protection of life and limb the premier place in the dii:u?sions. do was as it ahonld be. Wages earns first. I i.11 say that the question of wages is the and loftiest in the Trade Unionist $Ll'cn'Utn- No I Still it must ever be the first. he q; tttestion of wages at the present moment tb"8 the form ot demanding equal rights to IIi Gae citizens and workers that are engaged tectIy and indirectly doing Government work, Q Its working for Government employers at ls°'6*De3ent dock yards and arsenBls, and the "e 'e' of wages ai are paic to those doing work for private employers. For this a resolution was unanimously carried to the Parliamentary Committee to get a resolution moved in the next (jg ion of Parliament calling upon the l*»iR->TOmeDt t0 pay to its woikmen a I "'winm wage of 30s per week of 48 in London districts, and the payment of de Union rates of wagea to all the trades in b' b etnplov Nj Roral Army Clothing Department were for payment of not less than the" day ",0 or price list rates of wages and cooditions hj^Pjoyment as are mutually agreed upon j fc- the recognised organisations of ihw°ye;8 and employees doing similar work in | 8&Hae (Jiatcict, with a minimum wage of 30s (b). for labourers in the London district. 6{" Abolition of classification an £ the granting k f°r employee to t>f. the maximum, and tho full compliance |v. 6 Government with the Factory and Work- All 4='S- trjt Of tbese were carried unanimously, and if c°nld fairly judge by the enthusiasm dis- tt), by some of the foremost advocates of OrAt 0 ands. woe betide every Govern- 1 or Minister and ex-Minister of the SVgj Qd their various under-secretaries if they in the advocacy of the righteousness tog* these demands—when asking for the e8 of the people at the coming election. htl .^hiandB in themselves are righteous enoagb, to ,klOt more to now than at other times. Of the ranters at the present congress did \}I)"e :hiD at previous congresses, and went 1 *4V"khd the first opportnnity they afterwards bo tb.1, votes to men that weie known to enemies to granting any one of the Rto filhouls that bad been asked for. Such efl tot lit*negr in m body of intelligent work- li4 I aon't understand. And T can bat only tot% ttit hope that similar conduct op their *ill not happen again. 3, b Hours of Labour. leading men that have attended these 'hg for many years have recognised that Ito^^Qction of the hours of work in the country 'r, 'ttl,lIy is one of (tjejmost important prelimin- 8t«cs towards the ultimate economic an^ political emancipation of the classes. And, holding that view, I till! sincerely that such reductions would lot tiY increase be health, strength and Ouj of the workers. They also are of the ^ofe'00' aD[i sincerely so, that tbe prevailing employment by which at the present tj^ '"t so many workers are reduced to deatitu- Vi^' to a I at Re extent caused by tbe long H H.*eneca^y worked in this country. ELold- tikkk opinions, they naturally got the con- ktil to declare that the time had when the hours of labour should Si ited to eight per day in all trades Occopations in the United Kingdom. hn3tl^a 4 Partial means of finding work for the S-^if^0yecl tbsy would press upon all Socialistic 6t> in tba Docso of Commons, and on and District Councils, to at once move '•>!» Government and municipsl workers l;:v ^°n at> eight boors working dav. Moreover, ^>0.w Rak that all the organised workmen of •?-i, r,,tcd Kingciari; should mako this one of the b,l ^ftations at nil Parliamentary and munici- ^'IIJ ^ODS. In fast the Biitieh Steel Smelters, f<>n Tinplate Woikera'Asosciation are '■H A !I 11: to carry this question PO far as to secure (\I,Jr,C\ thereby, within the jumdiction of s t Conrt jnJc in England, or therheriff Dplj Cott&" a all have the power to grant, on t"tty tetioll of two-thirds of the workmen in within such jurisdiction, that '^all ba three turns of workmen per 24 44v "latead of two. It is almost needless to instrnctiona were given to tbe Parlitt- Committee to render all tbe assistance 6 to the Miners' Federation of Great S °v.who ace determined to continue to press I Eills before Parliament until thay i^elj6 *aw"~tbe Miues Eight lloois Bill, Provides for tbe shortening of working iI &Iow sroundto nut more than eight hours from bank to bank tbe Employment Sri! proposes to shorten tbe boars of 1 *n m,nes to eight per day for boys and [jo, "ndor 18 years of age the Mines Begnla- which provides for increased safety to an^ for an eight hour working day thCQ*l;eiy Thn», it is evident l>o "or of reducing the hours of labour treated from varioua standpoiots- as well as industrially 'a indeed significant that no phase of eat'on, after all, got anything like the j. tl. t,lotongh and enthusiastic support at tbe #kc°°ference an did that of protection of Ii limb. ^•'otection of Life and Limb. Parliamentary Committee was. t B.e() .Led to demand amendmsnts to the h h'* anc' Workshop Acts, with the view of *»vB. better enforced. As means of » the alleged numeroua infriDgementB » 8 taking place it ia felt necessary to J a larger and more adequate staff avror;4iibop inspectors to see that the D.' ^stilations for the protection of life and (jj** Ptopetly executed. And the congress 4 )$tin I 'I\t' \Inc: -oinion that, in view of the c°at'nnally arising from inadequate ik^'aQ5°° °' plant, gears, tools and t e v.1"9 of '»bour, to meet the caae °°t»ld be appointed, and at once, an in- nQ»bei of inspectors with authority, and- to rigoronsly enforce tbe law, ani3 v^Mig inspector ahonld mean one H h 6XPerience in the special trade lor lh '8 appointed. I "ou'd liko to add since Parliament has recognised the T,li)ity indoBtrjal inspection, as ueceisityof tbe continually extending^ protective legislation, every ^ent that will ever ^xist in this countiv >t imperative upon itself to appoint aie ^■P801*1 andsub-inspectora }j '"t8 enforcement of all legislation that t^Of f Patpose of protecting life and N^tty^oyees in the various industries of the 4. ty A staff of practical men inspectors, b °>ert° BnPcrvigicn of their chiefs, could be f°r a lesa remuceration than it wonld {j rea8on»ble to nsk some cf tbe highly csz ■»- at preseut engaged to accept. assert that we see no difficulty of 6 Piesent staff of inspectors in various vot Occupations very efficiently increased J^^erate expense. 'W^asly. t is a gcestion of tbe greatest where so much money is fonnd for main- taining or supporting those whose live* are endangered in tbedrfe< of their country, while so little can be foui d br the purpose of protect- ing tbe lives and limoa of those that are the blood and the sinews yea, the real backbone cf tbe country thtt is being defended. The number of trades asking the assistance of tbeir fellow Trade Unionists to teeure pro- hibitive measures against tbe abase of the laws of the land as well us of the laws of tbebealth of the people in pursuit of industrial employment are legiou. And, iud$ed, if a tithe of the complaints made respecting the indifference of employers to thoso laws where they are not strictly saidad and compelled to their observance by their obedianee of legal protective enactments, it redacts bat very discreditably upbn a larger number of tbe employera of labour in this country than people caie to believe. And it Bounds so queer in the ears of those that have fur years been urging and admitting that all the good that as a rule legialative enactments passed in the matter of tbe protection of the lives and limbs of wotking men can accomplish are to compel the indifferent and parsimonious employer to coire up to the level of the standard that tbe good, the careful, and the liberal employer already insists npon. The efforts, of tbe recent congress in this matter culminated ultimately in the passing of resolution authorising the Parliamentary Committee to demand from the Government a Cemmission of Inquiry into the unhealthy conditions of employment IHld the namerous industrial accidents so frequently complained of; and that the terms of reference for snch a Commission should cover all accidents, unhealthy conditions of employment, method of inspection by inspectors, duties of the same, places embraced by Factory Acts, when visited, what place nnvisited, and for what period. Hero is » moat practical field for an oqaicy. Any Government that will undertake this work will without a doubt receive the grate- [nl thanks and support of the workers, especially the Trade Unionists, of this conntry. Any more vague promises to mislead and not respect will not avail in future. Dishonest pretensions have prevailed too long. Some working men of this country asked from the present Government for bread in the shape of an Unemployed Bill, and received an empty basket I They asked for protection against the foreign alien workmen, and in return received a distinct and cruel lock- Mt from this their own oonntry should they emigrate to another, and there become invalided ar in any way incapable ottlupportintbemBelnJ by their own labour, when as workmen having to ask the leave of tbe Government to return here.

SCIENCE 'XWHEALTH By Or. ANDREW WilSON, F.R.S.E., Sc. About Warts. I was much interested the other day in reading an account of tbe enre of warts published by a Dbvaipian. He found that, by taking a wineglass- Ful 6f lime water with a little added milk after the midday meal, warts with which he had been troubled disappeared. four days was the shortest time in which he succeeded in curing a wart in thia way but the care may occupy some weeks. simple remedy is worth trying. Only to place the matter on a scientific basis, one has to remember tbe motto post hoc etgo propter hoc In other words, we have to be catefal in attributing a particular result to a particular cane until we have had a large number of cases, unfficient, at least, to show that a strong proba- bility exists of tbe remedy being the exact source of the cure. It would be interesting, by way of experiment, to test the value of lime water applied to warts externally. If lime water acts on watts when taken internally, there is every likelihood that the solution, applied, say, con- tinusasly on a compress of lint, covered with oiled silk. might act eten more ([effectually tban when tbe lime water waa administered by tt?« stolen. The more cases of core which can be ehronftcied, the greater the probability that time watir exerts some action or other on warts. That principle which we must act on here, and in alt such case*, is to get sufficient evidence to exclnde other causes of cure, and to settle llpontbat source of relief which bas natnraliy come to the front. The Cure of Corns. Corns form proverbially a sore subject in more ways than one. Sea-water is recom- mended by a physician for those troubleiome Bxcresoences. Paddling in eea water from 10 to 15 minutes twice a day served to relieve a doctor of his feet troubles. SfcVt and water cab be used if sea-water is not available. Warts, he also adds, can be removed by the salt-water treat- ment. The salt, if used at home should be dis- solved in warm watei, acd used twice daily. Surely with these homely remedies offered us tbroab the sober modiutn of a medical joarual, we Iboufd be witbin measurable reach of a cnre for ailmente which, if not dangerous, are at least annoying. If I miRbt add a little CQDtèu- tton of my own to the literature of this subject, lmiKha quote tbe experience of a friend wbosays the regolar application of a little castcr oil to warts causes their disappearance. Another fiiehd believes in the juice of a freshly cut onion. Of course we all know the old woman s cures of incantations and the like, and the rub. bing of warts v>ith a old JÍc (I behove it mast be a wedding ling) by way of effecting their dissipation. These be examples of the influence of mind over body T. admIt (that is is a pity that we cannot cure more »;»ious ailments JU like fashion. Food and Feeding. We hear a great ileal of late days about food and fediDg-tbat universally interesting and many-sided topic. The latest phase of tbe subject is than which claims to have proved that our accepted notions of the amount of food re- quired err on he side of excess. The average man wants por day aboat 44 ounces of nitro- eoousor body-bnilding food. This amount he obtains from the juica of meat, the white of egg, tbe gluten of flour, tho casio of milk, and so forth. He must have the quantity named as his amount, independent of all waste or indigestible refuse. Then he demands about 15 ounces of starebes and sugar, obtained from bread, pota- toes, tapioca, rise, and so on. Of fa.t he requires at least three ounces, and then we have, in any case, to add on so much water (additional to that chemically found in foods), and so much mineral matter. Tbe minerals ot onr foods are of great importance. Chief of them is common salt (or chlorlie of aodinm, aa it is chemically named), while potash, sola, iron, and other minerals are also necessary parts of our diilv bread." Food Amounts. That which is contended in the latest criticism of onr feeding habits is. in plain language, that we eat too much. We have been brought UP. it is said, to the notion that we want so mnch per day, but the 14 so mnch is excessive. We are told we can do our daily work on less food, and tecent American experiments appear to support this idea. Now it appears to me that there is a. certain daheer here of our arguing from par- ticulars to nmVersals. Yon take six or seven men you diet them exactly you test their work; and yon find they can do that work on less food- than you regarded possible. But your subjects are selected, healthy ones. and yon are experimenting on bodies which are specially adapted to ahow tbe best results on the limits of nourishment. I do not think the ordinary scientific calculation for the diet of the average man per day is upset by these investigations. I do not here speak of tbe over-fed I am dimply dealings with the case of the normal feeder. He may eat toomoch, bat that fact does not iD- validate the resalt of long-continued and care- ful siperimentation, settling the quantity of fooit of different kinds required for tbe dally ap-btop of the body. Temperance in Drinks. mora important question is that of temperance 1U drinks. I was talking recently to person who has intimate relations with the wine and spirit trade. His plaint was pitiful. People are drinking less all round," said he. Qia farther remarks were to the effect tbat men who formerly drcnk wine were content with beer or whisky aDd soda tbat champagne and other wines wore becoming drugs in the market and tbat even tbe working classes were coasnoi- less beer and spirits than of yore. So far, so good I am not a teetotaler, but I have always been the first to recognise the enormous amount of misery, crime, and diaeate caused by intem- perance. If there is some oaase or other which bas resulted in its action in the way of decreas- ing the consumption of alcohol-especiall, of apiritfl, in common with a good many more of my racfc, will rejoice. What I myself think is that. if it be a fact the consumption of liquor is decreasing, tbe ieal cause is want of money. I am convinced it is so among the better classes, and I apprehend it is so, also, in the case of the masses. There is one comfort, at to be had from the fact, even if it is a. caae of needs must." If people learn to do without alcohol as a matter of necessity (that is, money) they may learn to do without it even when money is more plentiful. But I have invariably held that the drunkard (like tbe poor) wiU be 44 always with as.'1 He is a product of civilisation, such as it is, and civilisation has to deal with him according- ly. If drunkenness were made to-morrow a. more aerioas effenqp than it is regarded to-day, we should soon Bee a reform inaugurated, such as would please tbe most rabid of abstainers. We are far too lenient with tbe tipsy man and woman. Let as penalise them more distinctly, and then excess will become the crirn. U leally ia, and be avoided accordingly.

MUSIC IN WALES. By D. EMLYN EVANS, AN IMPROVED NONCONFORMIST MUSICAL RITUAL It does not requite a, very long memory to be able to recall tbe time when the musical eervice in Dissentjng places of worship wore a cooaider- ably different aspect to what is generally the case at present. Were the old departed fathers of strict Nonconformity, with its austere build- ings and severely eimple services, to revisit ús, they would probably characterise the change as & revolution; although we of to-day would perhaps describe the process bv a word consisting of the same letters minus the initial consonant. There was a time when certain sects debned mnsic altogether from their public worship. Tbe closing scenes of the battteoverthe"boxof whistles" in Scotland aro but of recent occux- rencp while many of us can well remember the I time when there was not an instrument harmonium Or organ, pipe or American—to be found in Nonconformist chapel in., Wales- Wiih onr customary impetuosity we have altered all that, and now can boast not only of possessing keyed instruments (as described above) in the majority of cbapels, but also what are called orchestras in a good many. What we are doing with those instruments, keyed and otherwise, ia another question. It is to be feared that we have been hastening too quickly, and that we shall have to restart afresh advancing afterwards step by step, or to be writ down per- mariently as musical mediocrities or shallow pretenders. Uot that is not the particular question which we have in view at the present, although the one and the other bear upon the same subject, and are closely related. At the recent conference of the Presbyterian Church of Wales, Mr Augustas Lewis, inbfs pre- sidential address, dealt with this matter of Improved Ritual, s entering into the musical aspect of the subject at ) some length. He asked was it nafc possible that by reason of the over-indulgence of the fondness, the predilection for pleaching, the scrviee bad beeome too much a one-man service, and sbonld not mosic bave a iarger share in our public services, and where expedient and congenial to < the congregation, should not the vocal be assisted and accompanied more largely than hitherto by the instrumental ?" There is no doubt that the f tide of public opinion bas bean flowing in this direction for some time; although there are 1 some^ntiquated minds—dear old full-stops," as they are also described, who *4 cannot Jookfairly > npon any kind of devotional public exercise beyond that of hymn-sinping, because to them it savoured of ritual and who will give neither heed, thought, nortolerance to the deep religious wants, feelings, and aspitations of Iheirfellow- worshippers, tbese good brothers seeming to forget that in many respects they are themselves veritable high priests of ritual." So far as it goes tbat is not an uofair statement of the posi- tion. Nevertheless, the pace of an army is not regulated by the steps of the nimblest-footed, and mnch unpleasantness and anything but Christianly feeling is often created in oar churches by the rough-riding of the younger section Of singers over the opinions and senti- ments which may rule tbe older members in this connection. The worldly policy of II, Rive and take is the more just and safe course to adopt alio here. And there are many less delectable things than hynmiSMiging—e.g., a clap-trap anthem, a cbolal" show piece." or one of those so-styled sacred songs which are sometimes thrust into the service of the sanctuary nowa- days. Mr Lewis suggests M an exteniion of the mo&icai part of the service," protidea it were arranged solely with the view of seenring ?. mightier And more commanding form of worship, avoiding absolutely So-called Sunday Evening Pops., where soloists usurped almost entirely the place of the preacher, and where the microscopic pulpit maissage was aptly concealed, like a medi- cated powder, in a spoonful of jam." The catchy services often advertised on handbills and posters, And whose flippant authors would do justice to any vocation between tbat of the cheap-jack and the music hall manager." which are designated "yellow services," and from which IC Heaven defend as," can hardly be expected to command tbe speaker's approbation. The maaic lendered by the congregation, not by choir only," he tells us, should prove an aid and an adjunct to efforts at worship. How far the aid of musical instruments sbonld be eniisteii towards tbe attainment of the desired eud was really but a question of degree and of circum- stance; but it should be made clear that tbe intuumantal was merely to accompany, the voca.I." If that safegnaid were sEcured" he would personally be prepured to return to tbe full orchestra days of the Psalmist." We really know bat little or nothing of ancient Hebrew music or musical instruments, nor of the full orchestral days tbat the poet king of Israel may have commanded and delighted in, so we will leave the matter there. Bat we take it that the condition laid down in regard to tbe inatrnmental being limited to merely accompanying the vocal is subject to soroe modificatiou. \\e presume no one would object to the opening and closing voluntary, for instance, nor to an appropriate piece being- played during the progress of tbat important business- the ,collection; and broad-minded men are certainly with those who advocate Organ Reoilals in tbe coarseof the week, instead of locking up the instruments except for Sunday work only— often consisting Qf nothing more than duplicat- in the voice parts of a few hymn tunes at the morning and evening services. The address offers some suggestions regarding joint and alternative devotions of preacher and people" and: while recognising the inflcence and power of the pulpit, when well directed, does not spare the "supply," who often" sorely tested a congregation's power of endurance by tbe Ndreary and inordinate length to which he deemed it necessary to draw out his discourse, oft in a sepulchral and dolorously unvaried tone nor the" most obviocs folly ob the part of those ministers who utterly disregard the cultivation and practice of elocution. Was it meet," it is asksd, "that glittering quartz of golden thought should be ill-delivered in an inarticulate and slothful fashion, as if they were the veriest refuse from the washings ?" Cue farther quotation must suffice; the speaker" while opposed to any changes which would tend to rob their Connexion's plain and inornate services altogether of tbose genuiis- eruptions of joyous hwyl which sometimes characterised them, he still contended tbat in public worship help toward s tranquil, holy con temptation and devotedness of spirit, moving the worshipper to a true utterance and expression of the beart's deaire in God's presence, were of far richer valme, and wereincalculablyxuore precious to the soul than tbose pulsatory emotions at a high spiritual temperature, which were often not condacinand actually prejudicial to tbespirit of true worship and adoration." This very valuable and UMfot pronouncement deserves all attention, and should be circulated freely amongst us, irrespective of sect or cteed/ and ip both English and Welsh.

The Little Ruse. The dignified gentleman with the buckskin gloves saw a pin lying on the pavement. Ho stooped to pick it up without removing his gloves. The first grab craayed about three grains of dust, but the dignified gentleman persisted. A bootblack, a newsboy, and two idlers stopped to see the performance, and with this nucleus the crowd gathered rapidly and began offering advice. II Good for you, old boy Now you've got it 1" ;r 44 Somebody get him a spade r* I say, you afraid of apoplexy ?" Stick to it I" called a voice with a wnapicious intonation of insincerity. Then the pin was picked up, and the dignified man drew a small box from bis overcoat pocket, opened it, and exclaimed :— 14 Well said, my friend.. 4 Stick to it has al- ways been my motto, and yon will find it blown in each and otery bottle of this justly celebrated mucilage, which I am offering at tbe small price of threepence a bottle. It-" But the crowd had melted away, with the ex- ception of the man who had spoken the cue." Wanted We Share.—Automobilist (recov^jog from injury): Isn't tbat a pretty Btitf bill, tov ?—Surgeon Ton don't suppose I'm going to let the repairers make aU the ptQfit 9i butineM, do yon ? i ý y" v'

Illustrated Humour. I Time To Stop. I Irate Passenger (scrambling into an omnibus that did not stop): Suppose I bad slipped and broken a leg, what then? Corductor You wouldn't have bad to do any more running then, air; we always stop* lor folks with crutches. Easily Explained. Younger Brother Tell me what ia the differ. ence between a tricycle and a bicyale ? a Elder Brother (with a patronising air) Whv, ± don't you know that ? If a man takes the thing home to see how he likes it, it's a trieycle but if he buys it outright, it'» a bicycle. jj On The Door Step. S a Messrs Fairlai4 and Redman (calling): Is Miss Flirtie at home ? a .Bridget Faith, thin, Oi dotiPt know the said C if it was that rod hided, freolhad dnde, she was c not in; bat if it_was that hand so ma Mr Fairleigb, she was., But, begorre, yer both here together. b Just So. f! A school master bad a clasir, of boys who were q irery troublesome, One day when some anpar- n lonabie mischief had been committed, be stood d with several of tbe rmglead«(fc at the head of the. :Iass. v I I Ob. dear," he exclaimed, 441 have to use that 0 itick for more than it ought to be need." "yes, sir, romaiked the demon of the CiRso. o It Tjill be comiDg out on atrike Then it came out on n,tika" with a yen- »eance. \ty. Ancient, s e "That chioken which yoa are eating vvaa hatchod in an incubator," said a waitor at a rsstaurant. t "Great Scot!" said the customer, 441 didn't I know that incubators bad bien inuoted sueh a »reat number of vears l" —— — c Not His Business To Tell, Guilty or not guilty ?" asked the Judge of an Irish prisoner. f "AD' sure," said Pat, II what are vez there for but to tind ant 7" f An Easy One. g Master (to his chemistry class): What does = sea water :Mnt..ln besides the sodium chloride just mentioned? I Smith Fish, air. f t Callie For Gratjt"-le, ( < Jack (waking np hill brother): Jin^mie, tSeio's a burglar in the house. Jimmie (fervently) ? Thank goodness he's not in the backyard; my bike's out there. Trick Of Tbe Trade. Optician (to new assistant): Now, in sanding out tbees price list,, write the addresses as small as possible, so that tbose reading them will thiak they need glasses. March Of Science. Scientific Parent (out for a walk) You see that^man with that cart pashes it in front of himt Can you guess tbe reason why? Pro- bablT not-l will ask him. "My good man, why do you pnsb that cart instead of nulling it 1" 'Cause I ain't a horse, yoa blooming idiot." A Theory- Why do so many pianiata wear long Liair "1 suppose," answered Miss Cayenne, "that some of them let their hair bang over their ears so as not to be so much disturbed by the sur- rounding conversation." Not Hilt Enough. Did yoa deliver my message, air?" said the gentleman to his servant. No, eorr, the doctor was out." "Couldn't you have put the letter in the box ?" No, air, the box was inside, and the door was locked." But wasn't there a slit in the door?" Yea sorr, but it was na bit: enough for me to ;,t through," p^^nsw What H<r Wanted.—Green If there is woman in this UAta who is a better cook than my wife, I'd Jike to eaeet bar.-Brown Yoar wife Is an expert, eh ?—Green Expert, no I Didn't I jaat tell yoa I waa an&ioua to meet a better Ltoo**

Welsh Tit-Bits. eu Wreichion Oddiar yr Eingion, By CADRAWD. CARADAWCHAP BRAN (Chapter X. Continued.) Having inflioted infinite disgrace on the Roman which caused Claudius to recall and dismiss Julias Plautus, and appoint Ostorious Scapulca n his stead, Caradawo retired once more to his >eloved Silurian country, having done deeds that iai/e made bia name worthy of the feme which rUde it as bravest amongst patriots, and greatest imongst generals. It was estimated that in thia var two and a half Roman legians ba.d perished, "or nearly three years the Romans made no urther progress in the conquest of Britain. )storiouB, at last, being convinced that even tbe larts that were conquered, and those that had nbmitted, were not safe so long as Caradawc aB unsubdued, decided to seek him in Silnria Cself. Oar hero, designing t'j spare his dear lative land the horrors of war, and expecting to Ie strengthened by tbe OrdoviceK.the inhabitants f North Wales, in the struggle, since each there aust be, determined to make Shropshire the cene of tbe commencement of the war. where he rould be naar to his hoped for allies, and to the entral mountains of Walea, amongat which be ould retreat if beaten. He then caused that immense earthwork to be onstructed, still known as Caer Caradawc, bav- ng six circumvallations, into which were con- eyed a. vast store of barling weapons of defence. uto this Caradawc had the female members of lis family conveyed; for safety. It does not learly appear whether be bad miscalculated the ime wbec the Roman commander would reach his stronghold, and was conaequently without he assistance of his amea, or whether auch ssiatance had been declined at tbe last moment. lertain it is that tbe forces at Caradawc'a dis- posal were too few to defend effectually tbe large ncampment he had constructed. Before tbe fight commenced Caradawc addressed lis small band of followers, reminding them in [lowing terms tbat their forefathers had con- luerodJnliUl Cseaar himself, a mush more for- aidable foe than was Oatoriona. "Thill is tbo lay," he concluded, and this must be the ictory. Either we are all to be free for ever, r this is the beginning of eternal slavery." Caradawc relied cbiefly upon tha vast quantity f missiles of every sort whicb4e had collected nd stored, for burling. the foe as he climbed be slopes of the encampment. Tbese were nsed rith great adroitness, and for a time with marked uccess, the Roman troops giving way before the howers of atones rained upon them by tbe iilurea. Ostorious, convinced that the work ould not be penetrated unless some method ould be devised to break the force of thia orrent of missiles, formed his men into close ihalanx, with instrnctions to hold their shields ver their heads, and thua defend themselve8 rom the effecla of the hurled misiiles. This ontrivance, put into operation from sevetal lOints simultaneously, had the desired effect; he earthwork was forced, and the defenders fere at the merc", of their foes. The Britons rare driven inwards at all points, until at last, rearied with the conflict which had become lopeleas, a few of them fled, amongst whom was 3aradawo himself. His wife; daughter, and tber members of bis family were taken prisoners, is brotheis yielded themselves cp ta the mercy f the Ron commander, and all were treated ?ith proper consideration by that chivalrous nan, though destined to grace and adorn a rjumpb. Caradawe fled to the land of the 3rigante4, whose capital was Y(p^,and was there eceiyed with treacberoue honours by. tfce qaeen that country) who is called in the Welsh Priada I Aregwedd Foddig, he daughter of Afarwy ap Llcdd, but to the lomanB she was known as Cartismandua. It a certain she could not have been laughter, but was doubtless of bis blood and tindred, and her act was dominated one of the bree secret treasons of Britain. She, however, ell in battle, A D. 60. She bas, by some historians, been mistaken or Boadicea. tbe unfortunate queen of the !cenii, but tbe country of the Iceni was to the lontb-8all of that of the Brigantes, comprebend- ng the parts now known aa Cambridge, Suffolk, Lad Norfolk. Aregwedd waa queen-regnant, and governed in her own right, not only her people, mt her buaband also, with a rod of iron. Boa- licea, at this period, was a queen-conscrt only. Caradawc'a arrival at the Brigantian court 16 was received with every appearance of friendly hospitality, but the queen, -who was a sort of a Jlcopatra, with a view to ingratiate herself with be Roman general Villoeiatea, sent information privately tbat Caradawc was at her court. Cara- iawe, awaking from a long sleep, fcund himself n bonds, and was carried away triumphantly to ibe nearest Roman camp, a prisoner. Who Was Caradawc? We have hinted already that there were doubta is to bia parentage and race, and we think it best to state what the naDre of those doubts were, and p?int out how they arose. British listory and traditiona are quite at variance on ;bis question with all foreign and English his- tories. Contemporary historians, and snch aa immediately followed them, make no mention whatsoever of parentage. His father s name never appears in any of them. Even Tacitus, who bad a most intimate IIC- quaintance with Roman history, and who was son-in-law to the great general Agricola, who :ame into Britain In A.D. 70, though he does the utmost justice to tbe character and greatness 3f Caradawc, never mentions Bran does not ivethennmberor names of Caradawc'a brothers, nor yet the names of his mother or aiater. The tirst time any mention is made of Caiadawc's parentage by any ancient historian is by Dion Caasius, tbe Greek hlatorian of Rome, who wrote about 2Ca years after the event, and he callB him the son of Cynfelyn (ConobeJlnis}, and conse- quently brother to Gwydyr and Gweiryd. Dion Cassius also mentions another British general, whom be names TogOdumnnsas, son to the same king, Cynfelyn. British history knows no auch person, and it is impoaaible to recognise this Romanised name in its British form. All later biatoriana, both Latin and English, have fol- lowed Dion Cassius's lead and repeated hia worda. are therefore confronted by the fact that to ancient Britiah aourcea alone we can look for support in asserting that Caradawc was tbe Son of Bran Ap Llyr Llediaith. What then is the natare and character of tbe testimony to be derived from native writers, and how far can auch testimony be relied upon as against Dion Cassius ? It may, we think, be safely asserted and re- ceived, tbat Dion Cassina, with a fair desire to be exact, did, through not understanding the nature of the policy then prevailing in Britain, take it for granted tbat Caradawc, being prince succeeding to Gwydyr's position at the death of the latter, must have been the aon of Cnyfelyn, finse Gwydyr could have no aon old enongh to succeed him. He could not have known tbe Cymric language, or anything about it, or of the traditions floating about in Britain, which, at a later period, cryatallised into the form of the Welsh Triads. That he ahoaid have fallen into tbe error of mistaking Caradawc'a paternity under the circumatancea is qaite natural, espec- ially .1 the Roman sources of information, from which he drew bla history, yielded him no assist. ance or the alighteat clue on the subject. Though Dion Cassins may be excused his mistake, the same consideration doea not apply to later his- torians, who wrote after the publicationa of those most original and remarkable productions, the British Triads.

A Question of Equity. A gentleman resident near a large public school made frequent complaints to the masters of his garden being etripped of fruit, even before it became ripe. Tired of applying to tbe masters for redreas he at length appealed to the boys,and sending for one to hia bouse, he said, Now, my good fellow, make an agreement with you and your companions. Let the frnit remain on the trees till i: becomes ripe, and promise to give yon half." The boy coolly replied, I can say nothing to the proposition, air, myself, bat will make it known to tbe rest of tbe boys, and inform you of their decision to-morrow." The morrow came, and brought with it this reply, Tbe young gantlemen of the school cannot agree to receive aonneqnal «ihftjp, eUw air; —— i« one, and lh»j

Fashion and Things Feminine. BY MISS IDA MELLOR. The Latest in Coats. Those, who in the epriug, let their fancy lean towards coat and skirt costnmes of plaid or checked woollens and have now brought them onii again for autumn wear, may congratulate themselves on their previous choice, since noth- ing is more fashionable than tweed and cloth materials patterned with large quiet obecks or small dice-squares so that an early aeason's gown of dark green plaid or black-and-white checks makes its re-appesrance daring the fall-- to use an AmericaniFm-iu perfect harmony with fashion's latest decrees. The kilted skirt is quite the favonrite for plaid materials, and this is supplemented by amart little coats belted at the waiat or cut to fit the figure, and boasting short, fluted basques. Very pretty was a Rreen plaid coatun.e lately worn by fa, handsome brunette. The skirt was short and kilted, and tba double-breasted Rus- sian coikt, pleated and tucked into the belt of red leather at the waist, was cat rather low in the neck, and finished with a simulated, vandyked collar of dark red clo.b, closely stitched all over, the sleeves having cuffs in harmony. Another green plaid costume, smartly cut, bad a skirt accordion-pleated, and a blouse-bodice arranged with threa wide folds. or pleats, on eilher Bide of the centre front, the outer pleats J extending slightly beyond the ahoaldeis, and all converging towards the waist. At the nee was a black silk stock, tied in two little bows- one a couple of inches below the other—in front, and finishing in short kilted ends, abeve the stock being one of those cbio little tarn-over collam of embroidered muslin that mean 80 much to the general effect of a costume. Alto- gether the dress was veiy French-looking, and it was completed by a wide belt of green leather ran through a high buckle at the back. A companion dress, also very admirable, waa of navy-blue serge with a red leather belt and French krfbta in red nilk worked on the taro- over collar of dark blue glace silk, beneath which Wall a cberry-coloared cravat of soft silk arranged in a rosette bow under the chin. Apart from plaided costumes. wrltp coats of dark or light tweed, with faint plaid-lines in contrasting coloms; are very fashionable. The coat (sketched ia of biscait-soloured tweed pUided in dull blue, and a novel feature of the design ia the qnainjtly shaped collar, with slop* ing, ronnded ends. The belt passes beneath straps of tweed that connect tbsmaelvea with box-pleats running from tbe waiat downwards. and two towe of oxidiired and blue enamel buttons finish the fronts of the coat. The Art of Hairdressing. Among toilet matters that affect the personal appearance to "n immense degree it coiffure, the way in which the hair is dressed having the power to make a pretty person appear plain, while, if it cannot transform the plain girl into a beauty, it can at least make her attractive- looking, and is altogether of very great im- portance in helping to make a woman appear at her best. The hair aboald be 10 ararnred as to form a pretty, soft frama to the face, bat it is often so badly dreased that it quite destrofs the charm of even well-chiselled features. Nothing is more trying to the face than for tbe hair to be dragged back tight from the temples, forming a hard, atralght line along the forehead. The method of bairdressing should be governed by what; h suitable to the character of the face concerned. Fashion is not so arbitrary but that modification of the leading styles can be adopted. The ancient Greeks have shown ns the moat beautiful coiffure for the classical face, and taught a lesson in the wisdom of wedding a lew, broad coiffnre, with great depth from the fore- head backwards, to a face distinguished by a prominent, straight nose. A larzo nose, especially if associated with a somewhat receding chin, demands that the hair should be arranged well out from tbe back of the faced, othaiwitie the PtofLIG lievv is UPly. Tiila ;s a point that is often ignored, and we see the hair scraped up tight from the nape of the neck to the top of the head, and secured with little cla.SPA and combs to emphasise the unbecoming flatness, when a sense of the artistic suggests that an opposite mode of coiffure should unques- tionably have been adopted. As a rale, a certain amount of height above the forehead becomes a woman better than flat hair. dressing thereabouts. The heroic type of faca ia usually beat suited with coiffure on the lines of the "Pompadour," the bair being prettily waved and drawn up loosely over, if naceaaary, a email frame, there being plenty of breadth at the Bldel, and poa- sibly a few little kiss-curls or fluffs of hair straying on to tbe fo?abead to break up any bard line of division. Hair-ornaments are many, but aomeof the simplest and moat becoming are the bows of black-ribbon or ribbon-velvet that are worn both by girls and women. The former wear their bowa at the nape of the neck, or, in the ease of very young children, the ribbone catch back locka of hair above the brow, and women wear velvet bows towards the front of the head, aome- timea finding a background In a coronet plait or bunch of curltli The coiffure sketched shows a pretty mode of the moment with a bow of black velvet-ribbon in front. In the Kitchen. It is not the expensive dinner that is neoea. sarily the nicest, nor the woman who BDends the largest sums on dress who is always the most successfully apparelled. Taste coupled witb economy will produce better results than extra- vagance without taste. Give two cooka the same materials to work upon, and the one, i! ahe be clever and careful, will send a delicious little dinner to table, while the other, if careless and ignorant, will serve up fare that is quite uneat- able. There ia art in cooking even a potato, or a cabbage, and the seasoning of any kind of vegetable. French beans are almost tasteless in the hands of the inadequate cook, but are full of flavour when delicately seasoned, and she aame with marrows and other vegetables. A hint with regard to fish is that when it comes from the fishmonger's, it should ba washed and wrapped in a chtb and set aaide in a cool place till wanted. Then put it on a plate and flour it, if it is to be fried, 10 the case of amall fish, when rolling them up in a cloth, do not allow tbem to touch one another, but let a fold of cloth intervene.

Looking Ahead. Johnson, have you really any fired convictions f" Not just now," was t the taply, but I exptCl IQ bftTO 00« ftt the Dttt ^Q^M^er Smiton*

The Moat Popular Air of tbe Holiday. 8. —The Iflr breeze.