The Cardiff Times

THE TWO-POWER STANDARD. Mr Lloyd fieorge's Definition. Major-General Fraser writes to the Times :—" You published on July 30 an interesting explanation of what Mr Lloyd George meant as regaj^ds the two-Power stan- dard for the Navy when speaking at the Universal Peace Conference. In his second paragraph he admits that standard is a principle to which the present Government is committed, and he explains he was only deprecating British suspicion and alarm. In paragraph 5 he says :—' I pointed out that whereas it is our Navy which pro- tects this country from invasion, it is the German Army which protects the German Empire from invasion, and yet the German Empire does not maintain an army up to the standard of its two strongest neighbours.' His argument appears to be that, as we have double the security, we have only half the excuse the Germans have with their one- Power Army, with which they are content, for 4 nervousness and suspicion and the un- expressed implication is that a one-Power naval standard is enough for us, while we have no need for an Army at all. One cannot doubt Mr Llo-j(d George's in- genuousness in supposing the cases of the two 1 empires are on all fours, even at the risk of being uncomplimentary to his brilliant intelli- gence but has he ever asked himself why the Germans appear content with a one-Power army ? The answer is, they ho ve trained the whole of their population already. It was not the cost that deterred them from a two-Power army. Money could not help them. They, unlike ourselves, had made every sacrifice that a nation could, and they had the wisdom to be silent the more so as, with room for a rapidly increasing population and with growing national wealth, they could count on even greater armies and more powerful fleets in the future, a forecast that is being fulfilled every day. Our capacity for maintaining our two-Power standard under our present fiscal system is only a matter of time; and what the country is anxious about is that we should not be prevented from doing so while our revenue permits. The late Government took care that no legislation should interfere with the principle of the standard. The present Chancellor of the Exchequer and his colleagues are now passing humanitarian schemes of which they do not pretend to know the scope, and without attempting to define how the unknown, but certainly immense, cost is to be borne, and which, however they may believe in the two- Power standard, will at once render that standard impossible with our existing financial means and fiscal policy. I The head of the Treasury may talk with Celtic brilliancy of the alternative of robbing hen-roosts, bot those with hen-roosts, however small, fail to be amused, as they fail to be reassured by the more outspoken language of the extreme sec- tion of his party, who do not treat spoliation as a joke, as he and his Irish colleagues are pleased to do, but as a justifiable fiscal resource for social and Socialistic schemes, though never for defence. Governments must be judged by their acts, not by the piety of the convictions with which they credit them- selves. The people of this country have good reason for alarm under a Government that talks of its good intentions which they frustrate by their deeds."

THE DANGERS OF PETROL Fulham Woman Burned t. Death. At Hammersmith on Monday Mr Luxmore Drew held an inquest on Edith May Damard, 23, a married woman, residing in Waldemar- avenue, Fulham, who died at the West Lon- don Hospital from burns. Eliza Hayes, a charwoman, deposed to pur. chasing for the deceased, who wished to clean a hat, a gallon of petroL Deceased instructed her to pour the petrol into an enamelled bowl in the scullery. Deeceased dipped a cloth into the bowl and began to clean the hat. Witnessleft the room for about a minute, and heard screams. Going back. she found the de- ceased in flames. Neither she nor the deceased were aware of the dangerous qualities of petrol. The basin into which the spirit had been poured was within a few inches of the copper fires. Sidney Burnhill, a butchcr, of Fulham-road, said he found the deceased woman in the street with her clothes alight. He extinguished the flames with his coat. Firemen subsequently dressed her burns, and shfc was taken to the 'West London Hospital. Alec. Dowling, an assistant to Mr John Haddon, of High-street, Fulham, deposed to supplying the charwoman with a tin of petrol. It was marked Highly inflammable on the can. The Coroner said the case should be a lesson to the public as to the dangerous nature of petrol. Mr Cobden Owen, L.C.C. inspector, said that petrol was highly inflammable. It was very dangerous to open a tin of it in close room. It was not legal to keep more than a pint in the house at one time. The seller ought to have warned the buyer of the petrol of its nature. People used petrol for cleaning pur- poses without being aware of the dangerous character of the spirit. In returning a verdict of Accidental death the jury recommended the L.C.C. to insist that ail receptacles for petrol should be conspicu- ously labelled, drawing the attention of people to the dangerous nature of the spirit. I

Public Rights on the Seashore. THE RECENT DECISION. Historic Local Law Suits. (By SANFORD D. COLE.) Do you know, Watson," said Sherlock Holmes during one of his adventures, that it is one of the-curses of a mind with a turn like mine that I must look at everything with reference to my own special subject ? You look at these scattered houses and you are impressed by their beauty. I look at them, and the only thought. which comes to me is a feeling of their isolation, and of the impunity with which crime may be committed there." After all, this is a common failing. Is it not the Autocrat of the Breakfast Table who reminds us how many people have ruts and grooves in their minds into which their con- i versation is perpetually sliding," and so it is in the case of a lawyer, who, although he may disguise himself outwardly in flannels when he betakes himself to the seaside and reclines upon the ribb'd sea sand," is as likely as not inwardly thinking all the time about that recent judgment in the Chancery Court which would deprive the public to a large extent of their right to the enjoyment of the seashore if the principles laid down were followed out to their logical conclusion. The legal mind flies at once to the legal aspect of the surroundings. As a rule this is not attractive to the layman, but in the present instance the legal point is of special interest, particularly at this time of year, because it involves not merely oceans of horse-hair, continents of parchment, and learned-serjeant eloquence," but also the real salt water ocean and the everyday doings of the real live human beings who make the ocean marge their playground. Local Interest. The circumstances in respect of which the recent judgment was given occurred in the Severn tideway, and are therefore of local interest. The disputed rights were connected with the area between high and low water mark—properly called the foreshore—on the Berkeley side of the Severn, where one Purcell had been in the habit of shooting wildfowl, considering that these mud and grass flats were public property. Lord Fitzhardinge ob- jected to this being done as a matter of right. The decision of the points at issue involved much inquiry into ancient history and the examination of musty old records, and the outcome of it all was that Lord Fitzhardinge won. It is understood that there is to be an appeal, so that the circumstances of the par- ticular case are not open to discussion at the moment, but the broader questions involved are interesting, and suggest reminiscences of former local fights over similar questions. The logical result of the recent decision is that the public has no legal right to access to the sea across the foreshore; but, as the Spectator has remarked, If any absurd attempt is made to contest the rights of the public to reach the sea at suitable spots," the law will probably be amended. At present the strict law is in practice disregarded. As the law stands." says Mr Stuart Moore in his learned History of the Foreshore,'? there is no right of bathing," but he adds that no one ever heard of an owner of foreshore pre- venting bathing that was carried on in a decent manner." The owners of ancient foreshore rights have, however, frequently been involved in legal proceedings with reference to what privileges they were entitled to exercise, 4nd the last century furnishes a number of local examples of such litigation. Thus, in 1857 the Crown instituted proceedings against Sir Thomas Phillips for erecting a pier upon the foreshore of the river Usk in the county of Monmouth. Sir Thomas questioned the Crown right to the foreshore, and referred to the rule that the rights to wrecks, and to make weirs and fishing places, and take sand, etc., have always been considered as strong evidence that the fore- shore is parcel of the manors wherein such rights are enjoyed. He then showed that his predecessors had enjoyed such rights, and, after the suit had continued its slow course for a year or two, the Crown abandoned the pro- ceedings. Cardiff and Swansea. There was a question as to the foreshore at Cardiff until the Bute interest and the Crown settled their differences in 1891. At Swansea foreshore questions are history which is not necessarily ancient, but in any event a great case was fought in 1849, when the Duke of Beaufort established his right to the land between high and low water mark as part of bis seigniory of Gower. The Corporation of Swansea had erected certain seats on a ballast bank on the foreshore, and this was legally a trespass upon the Duke's land. To establish a right to restrain this trespass the Duke's counsel had to carry the history of the matter back to a certain grant in the time of King John, of Terra de Gower." In 1836 there was a Curious dispute arising out of the question whether the perches or oyster layings on the foreshore of the parish of Oystcrmouth were liable to tithe. Still moving westward along the coast we find that in 1845 the. Crown took proceedings to establish its right to the shores adjacent to Llanelly and to mines thereunder. EArl Caw- dor claimed the foreshore as part of the lord- ship of Kidwelly, and there were other claim- ants. The Crown and Earl Cawdor came to terms, but the case proceeded against another defendant, and after several years of litigation the Crown succeeded in establishing its claim "to the shore up to the- limit of the medium tides. At some places (of which Weston-super-Mare is an illustration) litigation between the Crown and the lord of the manor has resulted in the failure of the claim to private ownership, and the Crown has (through the Board of Trade) granted a lease of the foreshore to the local muiiicipal authority, not for the purpose of curtailing the rights of the public and the enjoyment of the sands by the people at large, but merely in order to place the authority in a position to make regulations and exercise con- trol. Thus the whole coastline may be said to have been metaphorically the battleground of legal strife, and apparently there is a prospect of more, but as to the present situation the Spectator is about right in saying, After the first flush of surprise at being forbidden his native element, the Englishman will prob- ably discover that the peril is not very real."

PEACE SKIN DEEP." Reflections on Queen's Hall Disturbance. In a letter to the Times on the Suf- fragette disturbance at the Peace meeting, Mr T.J. Cobden-Sanderson says :—Premising that I am under all circumstances on the side of the women until they obtain the franchise, I may say that in my opinion they failed in the demonstration at the Peace meeting at Queen's Hall. It was too weak. To be justified, it must be overwhelming and succeed. It was not overwhelming and it did not succeed. It was suppressed, and Mr Lloyd George reached his peroration and delivered it uninterrupted. But one word more. It was a Peace meet- ing. On the galleries were scrolls setting out that Blessed are the peacemakers, and anthems, carols, and songs were sung in honour and on behalf of Peace. And yet when an interruption came the audience rose as one man—or woman—in a storm of anger, and, amid cries of Turn her out," applauded the messengers of Peace (" How lovely are the messengers that preach us the gospel of Peace ") as they violently ejected the sixteen women." It occurred to me as I witnessed the out- burst that peace is skin deep, and that deeper than Peace, even in the promoters of Peace, the messengers that preach us the gos- pel of Peace, is the terrible passion which in nations takes the form of armaments and in the name of Peace destroys it.

PLAY WHK5H MADE FORTUNES. ,j The,Sign of the Cross" is running "The Silver King and Charley's Aunt very close in the race for the record number of per- formances. Up to the present The Sign of the Cross" has been played more than 20,000 times, and last evening it started a. fresh lease of Jife in Dublin as vigorous as ever. Several fortunes have already been made out of the late Mr Wilson Barrett's play, which has, it is estimated, been played before nearly 40-000,000 people. Some of the original London cast, including Mr Wilson Barrett, are dead, and Miss Maud Jeffries, the original Mercia, has married, and has retired from the stage to live in California.

Till I"—"™-—- ■- ™ p. ■ r.i —i— The Territorials in Camp at Porthcawl. I (1) Secotid Monmouth enjoying a rest. Note the strange variety of uniforms. (2) Ambulance Drill by the R.A.M.C. (3) Signallers of the 6th Welsh. (4) The Brigadier, Colonel Rees Banfield, and Colonel Rees (6th Welsh). (5) The Camp Barbery Work. (6) An Qfficer explaining the mechanism of a machine gun.-(" S.W.D.N." Photos.) I

Summer School of Mining, Cardiff. I (Photo, by C. Corn, Metropole Studio, Cardiff.) I

VIEW OF FERNIE, B.C. I ONE OF THE TOWNS WHICH HAS BEEN, DESTROYED. I

;1[-- TEACHING GIRLS TO SWIM. (Instinctive Dread ef Water. It's about three times as hard to teach • a girl or young woman how to swim as it is to teach a boy or a man," said an instructor of swimming, referring to Miss Smith's recent 20 mile swim, nearly all members of the female sex that I ever met have shown an instinc- tive dread of the water. The thought of get- ting into water up to their necks makes them either hysterical or rigid, as the case may be. It's altogether different with a boy. A boy takes to the water almost naturally. The instinctive dread of water which women possess is something beyond their control. They seem to have no confidence whatever in the water. I wish the girls and young women would cause themselves to become as limp as rags when they're taking their first lessons in swim- ming. But they won't relax themielves that way. The average girl piills every muscle in her body as taut as a fiddle string. That is why so many women drown. Women, by the way, are naturally clumsy with their fcat in the water. You would natur- ally suppose that with the lightness on their feet that they exhibit in walking and dancing and so on they would show the same sort of nimbleness in the water, but they don't. The feminine feet in the water are curiously heavy and awkward. They rarely or never work in instinctive unison with the hands and arms. Girls and women, too, are badly hampered., in their efforts to learn how to swim by the excessive consideration they give to their hair in the water. They're always thinking of their haii\ and that fact accounts, in part, for their way of holding their bodies so rigidly while they're in the water. They've got it constantly in mind that they must keep their necks well stretched out of the water in order not to wet their hair, and that sort of thing makes the spine rigid and spoil3 the relaxation of muscles and body which the swimmer must always maintain." ¡

FIRE ON G.W.R. AT NEWPORT Fire broke out in a store on the preat Western Railway near East Usk-road, New- port, on Monday night. The store contained oil, signal lamps, etc. The station staff brought their fire appliances and proceeded to play upon the flames, but they were too much for them, and the town brigade was called out. When the latter arrived Supt. Tatell saw that it was impossible to save the building. There was another building close by, and the brigade worked hard and successfully to save this, but the store was completely burnt out.

The inhabitants of Whitchurch were alarmed on Monday upon hearing the fire alarm syren at the Mental Hospital. On inquiry it transpired that an indicator in corridor 15 had somewhat dropped, causing the syren to sound the alarm. The occasion, however, served to show the promptitude of the hospital brigade, who were quickly on the spot from which the alarm originated, but fortunately there was no need of their services. J

FURNITURE WORKS BURNT. I Brisk Blaze at Cardiff. The Cardiff Fire Brigade, under Acting- superintendent-Jenkins,had to deal on Monday night with a brisk "fire in the Roath Park dis- trict. At 11.47 information came through one of he alarm boxes that the chair and cabinet works of Mr F. S. Frayling in Dalcross-street, off Mackintosh-place, were ablaze. The brigade, with the steamer WilliamMcKenzie, at once set out, and on arrrving found the place—a sub stantial two-storey building—well alight in the workshop at the rear, the roof of which had fallen in. The police, under Superinten- dent Durston, with the hose reel from Cathpys Station, had meanwhile been engaged in keep- ing the fire in check- and preventing it from spreading to the front part of the premises, where furniture ready for sale is stored. In 20 minutes the brigade obtained the mastery, and the fire was extinguished in an hour. The workshop with the contents, which chiefly comprised chairs and other furniture in pro- cess of manufacture, was destroyed, but the flameff were prevented from extending to the front part of the building and the stores and stables below. The damage by fire and water will be considerable, but the value cannot be at present estimated. Both stock and premises are insured. How the outbreak originated is unknown. Mr Frayling is away for the holi- days, and the place had been left locked up since Saturday afternoon.

LLYSDINAM DROWNING CASE. Touching the death of Mr Charles Williams, of Llysdinam, Breconsnire, an inquest was held before Mr M. F. Thomas, the Brecon District Coroner, at Llysdinam on Monday afternoon. Joseph Evans, a labourer, of Llysdinam, said he had known deceased for tnany years, and last saw him alive about 8.36 on the previous Saturday morning, when he was going with a trowel in his hand in the direction of New Pool. Charles Phillips, coachman, Llysdinam, deposed to finding deceased's body in the pool. His straw hat was floating on the water, and his coat, trowel, spade, etc., were on the side of the bank. The pond was five feet deep, and the body was neairly upright in the water, the crown of deceased's head being in sight. The Coroner, in his summing up, concluded the un- fortunate man must have been working at the outlet of the pool, and that, losing his balance, he fell into the water. A verdict of Acci- dentally drowned was recorded.

SUICIDE AT SEA. When the steamer Casilda, which arrived in the Tyne on Saturday, was steaming across from Monte Video towards St. Lucia, Mr Gooding, the chief engineer, a well-known Swansea man, was found to have hanged him- self behind his cabin door. The body was cut down, iand efforts made for two hours to restore animation, but without effect. He leaves a son, Lieutenant Walter Gooding, of the t American Navy.

New Patents Act. FOREIGNERS. BUYING SITES. British Labour Only. The new Patents and Designs Act, intro- duced by Mr Lloyd George, and passed a year ago, comes into force on August 28th. The Act enables any person to apply to bhe Comptroller for the revocation of a patent, on the ground that the patented article, or process, is manufactured or carried an exclusively, or mainly, outside the United Kingdom, at any time not less than four years after the date of the patent." This, of course, means that except under extraordinary circumstances which are pro vided for in the measure, foreign holders of- patents may be compelled to erect works in the United Kingdom and manufacture their goods there. The words used by Mr Lloyd George in in- broducing the Bill were:- At the present moment many a British industry is bound hand and foot by the work- ing of our Patent Laws, many a British in- dustry has been compeletely wiped out by privileges conceded by our own institutions to foreigners. All I propose is that this bond shall be cut, and that British industry shall be per- fectly free toengage in the very severe struggle it is waging." What the measure means to British artisans and other workmen will speedily be realised Sites are being selected and factories pur- chased by foreign firms who will have to turn out their patented articles on British soil, and must, therefore, employ British labour. Mr Fanner, head of the firm of Messrs Leopold Farmer and Sons, surveyors and specialists in factory sites, told a Press repre- sentative that he is now negotiating with several foreign manufacturers who are select- ing suitable land and buildings in all parts of Great Britain. SITES ALREADY ACQUIRED. The following are a few of the firms that have already acquired sites and factories :— 1. Elberfelder Farbenfabriken (represented by the Bayer Company, Limited) Twenty- four acres at Port Sunlight, Cheshire. 2. Hoschlisfarhwerke Company Seven acres at Ellesmere Port, Cheshire. 3. Gillette Razor Company: Works, Leicester. 4. Sanatogen Food Company Land, Corn- wall. 5. Pintsch Suction Gas Plant Company Works, London. 6. National Cash Register Company: Works, London. The importance Of this step," said Mr Farmer, can be estimated from the fact that one of them, the Elberfelder Farben- fabriken, has a capital of £13,000,000. But we are receiving applications daily. They come in from all parts of the world- Germany, Belgium, France, and the United States. Many of the firms are known to us, though I am not at liberty, to divulge their names. Other negotiations that are pro- ceeding are being carried on through various reputable agents in a veil of mystery that will not be lifted until the arrangements axe fully completed. The trades to be carried on consist princi- pally of chemical, engineering, and pottery industries. I feel certain, having gauged the feeling abroad, that the effect on manufacturers of the passing of the Act is only beginning, and there will be an extensive development, princi- pally among German manufacturers who are makeiip of various chemical products largely used in the dyeing industries. DISTRICTS .CONCERNED. I The chief districts concerning which negotiations are being carried on are :— Trafford Park Estate, Wolverhampton Manchester | Banbury- Hull, Goole, and York Bristol Salt Union, Cheshire j Port Estate, Port Letch worth Garden | Sunlight City Newport Yarmouth Queenboro' (Kent) Burton-on-Trent Northfleet &Purfleet." I cannot,of course," Mr Farmer remarked, in conclusion, say how many workmen will be employed, but the number, you may be cer- tain, will ultimately run into tens of thou- sands."

Mr Philip Griffiths. eldest son of County Councillor J. Howard Griffiths, Lleythir, was engaged conveying stone for a building when he fell off the cart upon his head and the wheel passed over his leg, causing a compound fracture- His death ensued shortly afterwards.

Cardiff Detective." MR HENRY LUCY'S FUNNY STORY. In the course of his recollections, published in the Cornhill under the title of Sixty Years in the Wilderness," Mr Henry Lucy relates this story of an English Voigt. At this time Shrewsbury happened to be the cynosure of public eyes owing to the escapade of a young man who for a while enjoyed worldwide fame under the name of John Morgan. He had been serving his time in Swansea Gaol, and on being released made his leisurely way northward. Arrived at Shrewsbury, it occurred to him to represent himself as a detective from Cardiff with a warrant for the apprehension of a certain Mr Ashworth. Visiting the Raven Hotel, where the best company was likely to be found, the Cardiff detective had the good fortune to find his man. On being arrested Mr Ashworth loudly protested that he was not the man wanted by the Cardiff police, but was the son of a well-known magistrate in Man- chester. John Morgan smiled. He had heard that kind of thing before. The landlord shook his head, and the young gentleman was taken down to the police office. John Morgan so arranged the time of his visit to the hotel that the borough magistrates were just sitting. Before them the prisoner was haled, still protesting that he was Mr Ashworth of Manchester. The experienced Cardiff detective smiled again. The sapient magistrates on the bench almost winked in response to his knowing look, and in accord- ance with his demand the prisoner was re- manded till the next day. John Morgan took charge of the prisoner's keys, and in the ordinary run of his duty re- turned to the hotel, carefully examined his portmanteau, and packing up everything valuable and portable left town by the next train. An hour later came telegrams from Manchester establishing the identity of Mr Ashworth, who was forthwith released."

TAKEITTTO PORTSMOUTH. ALLEGED WHITE SLAVE TRAFFIC. Marks Weiss (21), a Roumanian subject, was charged on remand at theThamesCourt on Sat- urday with unlawfully procuring for improper purposes Rebecca Lubosky and Rebecca Zim- merman, both of whom were under the age of 21 years. Mr Young prosecuted, and Mr. Bed- ford defended. Prisoner, it was alleged, met the girl Zimmer- man a few months ago at a dance in Christian- street,St. George's, and they ultimaetly became engaged. The young woman Lubosky was in- troduced to accused, and about a week after both the women were persuaded to accom- pany him to Portsmouth,where he promised to get married to Zimmerman. At Portsmouth the defendant and Zimmerman lived together as man and wife.and soon alter they arrived there Weiss informed the women he had no money, and that if they wanted anything to eat they must earnsome. After considerable persuasion the women consented to follow a certain course, and Weiss accompanied them to Commercial road, Portsmouth. The money they earned, it was alleged, was handed over to the accused. Zimmerman complained one evening of being unwell, and refused to go out, w^en the accused asked Lubosky to go alone- This the latter refused to do. The matter came to the knowledge of the local rabbi, who sent the girls to London. Prisoner told Zimmerman that he peard the police were making inquiries, and he accompanied her to a registry office in Black- friars, where notice of intended marriage was given. The accused then represented to the parents of Zimmerman that they had got mar- ried, and he was allowed to reside in the house. Bashe Kitter, Ridge-street, Portsmouth, said she formerly lived at Hanover-street, Porte- mouth. She saw prisoner about two weeks before Passover and two girls. Becky Zim- merman was one, and Weiss said she was his wife, and that the other girl was his sister. After some days, in consequence of what her husband told her, she said to the accused and the girls, A man says you are no good." The girls said while walking along some soldiers spoke to them. Harry Lewis, Hawke-street, Portsmouth, de- posed that he saw two girls stop two Marines in Queen-street, and at the time prisoner was on the other side of the road watching them. Mr Dickinson committed prisoner for trial.

MARCONISMS TO HEAVEN. An eccentric gentleman, named LeeSpangler, who is known as the Pennsylvania Cassan- dra," and who is a prophet after the type of the famous Baxter, but who does not expect to be able to muster 144,000 comrades for a flight to Heaven, is going to New York to warn the city of its approaching doom. He has harangued crowds in Philadelphia, where he was listened to with good-humoured toleration. He wears two placards on his hat, reading, King of Kings and Lord of Lords, According to this prophet. New York is to be destroyed on December 1st, the rest of the world foUowiDg gait on Uie l-.&CÙl.1" of the year. On the eve of his advent here he an nounced :— New York is worse than the Cities of the Plain. How London and Paris have been spared so long is a profound mystery to me. I am in Marconi communication with the Throne of Heaven, and so am forewarned all right. A few fellow saints are coming with me, and we will parage the streets of New York blowing foghorns.

ABERAVON HORSE SHOW. The seventh annual Aberavon and Port Talbot Horse Show took place in beautiful weather on Monday, on the Central Athletic Ground, Port Talbot. The entries Constituted a record for the show and included some of the best animals in South Wales. The attendance was also fairly good and the success of the show was assured early in the afternoon. Amongst those" who visited the ground were Miss Talbot and party, Mrs Llewellyn, Baglan Hall and party, Mr G. Lipscomb, J.P., Major Gray, J.P. and others. The judges were Heavy horses, Mr S. Radcliffe, Cardiff; light horses, Mr Tom James, Boncath; shoeing, Mr H. C. Francis, Aberdare poultry and dairy. Miss S. Edwards, Lisvane, Cardiff, and Mr D. Davies, Borough Stores, Swansea. The officials were :—Chairman of committee, Capt. LI. David treasurers, Messrs J. Morse and H. A. Burgess, J.P.; hon. sec., Mr R. B. Harris the ring stewards were Messrs T. Nicholas, W. Heard, J.Morse, Alderman A. James,Major Gray, J.P., Mr E. Lowther, and Capt. H. Jones.

TRAMPS HUNTED DOWN. At Carmarthen (County) Police Court on Monday Albert William Evans, Cardiff, Harry Wilson and John Kent, London, three tramps, were charged on remand with stealing a pair of trousers and two pairs of stockings, the property of Joseph Davies, Penybont, Cwm- duar, Conwil. The articles, which had been spread on some scaffolding at the carpenter's shop, were missed about 7.30 a.m. on the 27th ultimo, and shortly after noon P.C. T. C. Lewis, who! had gone in search of the defen- dants, arrested Evans and Wilson in King- street, Carmarthen, and an hour later Kent was also hunted down. Evans, who had been convicted before, was sent to prison for a month, and the other two defendants for a fortnight. _—————————

CURIOUS AFFAIR AT CARDIFF. Nora Macheronis, the wife of Constantine Macheronis, living in Havelock-street, Cardiff, sustained cuts to her neck under somewhat curious circumstances on MondAv afternoon. Whilst standing outside her window, having an altercation, it is alleged, with her husband. who was in the front room, she smashed the glass with her hand, and while leaning through the broken pane to carry on the conversation, cut her neck. She bled so freely that the police considered it'* necessary to remove the woman to the Infirmary. It was found on examination that the wounds were not serious, and Mrs Macheronis was therefore not de- tained.

EXAMINATION POSER. A paper to test boys' powers of observation of every-day objects is set at many school examinations nowadays. One of the questions at a recent examination was this What is the difference between the uniform of a police- man on day duty and that of a policeman on nitht duty in Manchester ?" The answer, says a correspondent to the Manchester Guardiian," is that a day policeman wears silver buttons, silver belt buckle, and silver helmet front, whereas/the night duty man has them all made of black metal. The curious thing about the question is that not only did it "stump" the teacher himself, and all his boys, but lit" stumped all the other masters and most of his acquaintances as well. The teacher later said he had found only one man yet who knew the answer, and he is a doctor.

TREDE6AR MEMORIAL TABLET. Veteran Sunday School Superintendent A memorial tablet to the late Mr Enoch Woodward, who for 23 years was superinten- dent of the Harcourt-terrace English Wesleyan Sunday School, Tredegar, was unveiled on Sunday afternoon. The memorial was sub- scribed for by officers, teachens, and scholars of the school, and the unveiling ceremony was performed by Mr William Thomas, who for many years was co-superintendent with the late, Mr Woodward. Tributes to the life, character \and work of the deceased gentleman were paid by Messrs John Jones, James Davies, E. O. Vaughan and W. Thomas.

WORLD'S LARGEST RIVER. In the course of a lecture delivered at Hamilton (Vic.), Professor Mudd, according to the" British Australasian," claimed that Aus- tralia possessed the largest river in the world. Owing to the geological formation of this continent, a large proportion of the water flowed underground, and he estimated that a subterranean river, with a width of 200 miles, flowed through the centre. The water only required bringing to the surface to make this fcbaxichest country on earth.

Nau Wreichisn Oddiar yr Eingion. BY CADRAWD. Of tho Sound of Varses. Mr Lewis Morris (Llywelyn Ddu o Fon), the eminent antiquary and poet, who is also re- garded an able critic and a scholar, says that beauties are frequently found in authors which the writers themselves never dreamed of. Pope, in his preface to the "Iliad Enumerating Homer's Excellencies," next to his boundless invention, placeth the sounds of his words and makes it peculiar to him and Virgil, and says that no other poet in any language ever reached this point of art. I think Mr Cowley brings his "Pindar" in for a share of the same character. David ap Gwilym, our Welsh Ovid (who flourished about the year 1400), if I mistake not, laycth also some claim to his excellency. You must either allow of the Atpmie Philosophy, or that (copying after nature by its own light), he intended the poem The Thunder," should sound what it really is—i.e., a description of thunder and light- ning so that in his love poems and other soft subjects, he is as smooth, and glides as easily as an Italian song. Those that are not over- partial to the school languages and proper judges of ours, let them compare this poem of Dafydd ,-+p Gwilym to the Thunder," in its sound and the loftiness of its metaphors, with the best passages of this kind in the above authors, and I don't doubt but they'll conclude this boldness in the comparison excusable, let Homer's character be ever so sacred. The bard had met his Morfyth in the glade where the leaves of spring were arranged. In this happy moment when the bard and his love were in the full enjoyment of each other's company, and where, over their heads the woodland music was heard, the thrush and cuckoo song," alas in this ecstatic hour. the hoarse thunder sudden roar'd," the rain fell in torrents, and the lightning was fierce to behold, and the ruthless tempest scared Mar- fyth that she fled from his arms :— Breaked name dread living thunder, Rending lovers' hearts asunder Clamourthat the senses mocks, Hoarse bull raging 'mid the rocks Clanging armour of the heaven Fire and wave in conflict driven Giant echoes of dismay, Trumpet of the whelming spray, Like a thousand voices blending, From the stars of heaven descending, like the crash of forests hurl'd From the welkin of the world." This is considered a very good translation* but gives very faint idea of the original. The poet before the end becomes in his peculiar manner very abusive against the thunder, compares it to the Rhuglgroen (an instru- ment used to frightening crows, &c.), and to an old hag beating her kettles about, and adds that he should not have cared for its vile noise had it not scared Morfyth from his side. The Rev. Walter Davies, M.A. (Gwallter Mechain), in his essay on the Distinct Cha- racters and Comparative Advantages of the Bardic Institutions of Carmarthen and Mor- ganwg, points to the same characteristics in the works of our best poets, and instances the awful part of the description of Thunder, the addresses to the Sun," the Summer,' the Winter Fog," &C.. by Dafydd ap Gwilym—the description-of a Horse by Tudur Aled— Ffroen sarug, ftrwyn nis ery, Ffroenio gan awch ffrwyn a guy; Ei gern na chlyw gorn na chloch, A wna'i lygaid yn loywgoch Ail y cany, olwg gorwyllt, A'i draed yn gwau drwy dan gwyllt; Camau a phedolau'n dan, A ddryilia ddaear allan." Let the impartial public decide, says ? Davies, upon the respective merits of the blank verse and the Welsh cynghanedd, which can be moat easily and permanently committed to memory, and which has the greatest descriptive force. In fine, let them produce a single epigram that will bear a second reading. Taliesin ap logo makes the following remark after quoting a poem by Dafydd Benwyo. asking one of his patrons the present of & horse." "Ym mha Ie gofynaf, hyd ynoed yn Homer, neu Virgil, y ceir darhmmdmof ardderchog o farch T" (Where, I ask, eveniJg Homer or Virgil, can be found such excelleB* description of a horse ?) Hoeliwyd ei 'sgidiau heym, Baom ttui'VwdL mii— j t Gwelir fal bydd o'r gwydd gwyflt Gorwych wyneb gwreichionwyllt. Dano y tyn dyniad hydd, Dyrys gorwyllt dros gaerydd Un rhawsllais balch drydwalch draw, Yn deneufwng dan nofiaw t Pen ei daith pan yno dig, Peidio yn ddi-dripiedig." Welsh Minatral3, In the Beaufort Progress (1684) we the following record concerning WeUB minstrels, the three sorts of minstrels in Wales which Griffith ap Cynan, last King of Wales, reformed in their behaviour by a good statute which is printed in the Greal Llundain (1805). It is also recorded that this statute existed before Gruffydd ap Cynan, and was copied from the book of Ieuan Fawr ap y Diwlith, which was at Cilfai. according to the book of Thomas Bond. I. The first sort is named Beirdd, which are makers of songs and odes of sundry measures, wherein not only great skill and cunping are required, but also a certain naturaj inclination and gift, which in Latki is called furor poeticus." These do also keep records of gentlemen's arms and pedigrees, and are best esteemed and accounted among them. II. The second sort ef them are players uptm the instruments, naJttiely, the harp and the crwth," whose music for the most part came to Wales with tke said Griffith ap Cyoan. who was on the one side an Irishman, by hÍ8 mother, and grandmother, and also born in Ireland. He brought over with him out ot that country divers cunning musicians, into Wales, who devised in a manner all the instru- mental music that is now there used, a4 appeareth by the books written of the same, as also by the names of the tunes and measures used among them to this day. III. The third sort is called Datgein- iaid," are those which do sing to the instru- ment played by another. This statute, or decree here mentioned, dotn not only prescribe and appoint what reward every of the said minstrels ought to have, and at whose hands, but also of what honest be- haviour and conversation they ought to be to wit, no vagabonds, no ale-house hunters, no thieves, nor companions of such, no brawlers. In which things if they offend, every man by the said statute is liable to be arrested a.nd punished yea, to take from them everything they possess. They are also in the same statute forbidden to enter into any man* h mse, or to make any song of any man with' out licence of the jparty himself. And thK statute, or decree, hath been often time* allowed by public authorities of the chie- magistrates of that country, as appeareth by sundry commissions directed to diverse gentlemen in that behalf. Crefisgyn Starve. This quaint old Pembrokeshire expression* 05 local word for a phantom, is evidently from the word crefwr," a beggar," and the expression rendered into English would be Ii starving beggar "—a withered specimen of humanity. A lean person is often described in Wales as one you can see through himjike Dr. Abernethy's ghost, which appeared to him in his bedroom on certain occasions through which he always could see the key- hole in his bedroom door.

A NOTEWORTHY TRIAL. The first commemorative tablet to be set up in the main hall of the Central Criminal Court has the following inscription :—" Near thil site Wiliam Penn and William Mead were tried in 1670 for preaching to an unlawful assembly in Grafcechurch-street. This tablet commemorates the courage and endurance o the jury, Thomas Vere and Edward Bushe1* and ten others, who refused to give a verdic against them, although locked up without food for two nights, and were fined for fin*1 verdict of notguilty." The case of these jurY- men was revived on writ of habeas corpus- and Chief Justice Vaughan, the I aw Times points out, delivered the opinion of the court, which established the rights of juries to giv their verdict according to their convictions.

LIBERAL M.P. AND PENSIONS. Vottd Against Earl Cromer's £50,000. Sir Alfred Jacoby, speaking on the annual demonstration of the DerbysbifØ Miners' Association at Chesterfield, said d looked upon the stage which the Mines Eigij Hours Bill had reached as as much n triumph as theirs, for he had been for their interests for 25 years. Alluding old age pensions,, he remarked that he voted against the grant of £ 50,000 to » Cromer because if invested the interest have provided pensions for over a bunar*- aged people.Now the measure was passed » i must work to reduce the age limit from to 65.

POSEDiAS A GIPSY. ¡ After a caravan tour, which is her favouri^ way of spending a holiday, Lady j Grosvenor returned to her home, The Hall, Broxton, Cheshire, on Saturday. the past three weeks Lady Arthur ^rF>6.ve^,vf and a companion have been making,a leisurw. journey through some of the leafy v England. In her disguise she looked a typi gipsy, and nobody suspected her identity* M

SEARCH FOR A BROTHER. Beys'Tramp from London to Lincoln. The story of a boy's Search for his missing brother was told at the Lincoln Police Court, when two boys, each about 16 years old, were brought before the magistrates. Mr J. J. Williams, the court missionary, told the magistrates that about a year ago a London boy was arrested in Lincoln and sen- tenced to a term of imprisonment. Whe • he was discharged Mr Williazns com- municated with his parents, and nothing more was heard of the case until last Friday night, when the two boys before the court appeared at his house and asked for news of the re- leased boy, who was a brother of one of them. The boys told Mr Williams that they had tramped from London to Peterborough, and had there taken train to Lincoln, money being procured at Cambridge by pawning a suit of clothes. The boy said he thought his brother would still be in Lincoln, and he and his pal had set out to look for him. ( One of the boys handed Mr Williams the letter which he had written last year. The lads were penniless, and he took them to the chief constable. Inquiries showed that the lads had given right names and addresses. The father of one ex- pressed his willingness to send the railway fare to take his boy home, but the mother of the other was too poor. The magistrates each gave 2s 6d toward the fare and made an order on the poorbox for the balance.