Papurau Newydd Cymru

Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru

Cuddio Rhestr Erthyglau

6 erthygl ar y dudalen hon

| LITERARY EXTRACT* !

Newyddion
Dyfynnu
Rhannu

LITERARY EXTRACT* Houses IN Abyssinia.—These erections hlL' at teest but wretched affairs, being little better than hovels. The knowledge of architectture which their various conquerors introduced amongst them seems to have been speedily forgotten, or to have taken little root among the native population. Their dwellings are varied in shape, but the circular form is the more popular one. Some are square, with a flat roof, and if the occupier is a wealthy person, it may be divided into several rooms, one of which is appropriated to the horses and mules of the esta- blishment; the "stably" odour of the rooms is therefore rather strong. Add to the fact that the floored is st ewed, in lieu of carpets, with grass, which is allowed to remain until it is in a rotten condition, and the flavour of an Abyssinian house may be imagined. The furniture consists chiefly of a low table and a few seats, and on the walls are hung arms, accoutrements of the chase, &c.—Bo k -of the Races of Mankind. THE Truth ABOUT THE UPAS TRER.-The tree produces a milky juice, from which one o the most virulent of vegetable poisons is prepared; but the growing tree is in itself not actively injurious. It gives off no subtle poison to taint the air around it. Vegetation flourishes at its base, and it may be approached or ascended by man like the other trees of the forest. Only when a tree is extensively wounded, or cut down, and a large quantity of the juice is exposed to the action of the atmosphere, are its injurious effects at all felt, and then it pro- duces a slight heat or itching of the eyes. The inner bark-which is of a close fibrous texture, like a very coarse piece of linen-is, after being care- fully bruised, steeped, and washed, made into rude garments which the poorer labourers wear in the field. But they can nevpr get the fibre completely rid of the juice that originally abounded in it; for if the wearer happens to get wet, an intolerable itching is produced by the covering, which makes it unbearable.-The World of Wonders. A Wife's DEVOTION.-After a toilsome detour among the mountains, they outflanked a stock- aded fort, which the Americans set in flames and abandoned. The 20th Regiment pursued a portiou of the fugitives as far as Castleton, where the colonists made a resolute stand, and a sharp con- flict ensued, and Major Dyke Acland was sev. rely wounded. His wife, Lady Christian Fox (daughter of Lord Ilchester;, a noble woman, whose affec- tionate solicitude for her husband's safety, a'1d whose endurance of hardship, and courage in the faee of peril, were the theme of praise in many an old periodical, and made her the idol of Burgoyne's army, had been landed with the other Jadies of the army at the Isle au Noix. Amid the most tempestuous weather she joined him, and at Fort Edward, a village consisting then of some twen'y log huts, she had constructed under her own eye a vehicle fashioned by two artillerymen out of an old ammunition cart; and in this impromptu carriage she resolved to follow the troops wherever they went, throughout the entire campaign, re- solved that. come what might, she should never be separated from her husband, to whem she was tenderly attached.-u British Battles on Land and Sea," by James Grant. RUSSIAN OFFICERS AND SOLDIERs.-The Russian officers neither kDew nor cared what were the movements to be made, nor their chances of success. Of the orders for the morrow, the preparation that might be required for their execution, they knew nothing. None of them, except, of course, two or three of the staff, had any maps; and none of them even knew how far it was to the next well. They are as brave as line. Generous, kindly, pleasant fellows, ever ready to offer you their hos- pitality or to do you a favour, they are sure to v. in your affection and esteem. If no meat is given the Russian soldier, it is evidently because there is none. Of if the meat furnished is rotten, it is because of the hot weather, and there is no kelp for it. If his shoes are worthless, and his feet are frozen, it is by reason of the cold. If his bis- cuits are worm-eaten, it is the fault of the worms. He never thinks of blaming anybody. If by any bungling mistake he is brought under fire, where his comrades fall round him by the hundred, and his regiment undergoes sure annihilation, it is the will of God, and must be submitted to. Nor does it ever occur to him tc correct the judgment of his officers by running away.—MacGahan's Fall of Khiva. -THE If ROLL CALL.The action of trotting squarely is distinctly diagonal, the off fore and i he off hind foot following each other. It has al wa', s, and correctly, been taken for granted that the action of walking is the same. But in the summer of 1874 the walk of the officer's horse in Miss Thompson's celebrated picture of The Roll Call," in which the animal is represented as n oving both legs on the same side simultaneously, created a hot controversy, which raged in the columns of the Times and Field newspapers. The odd thing about this question was, that although all were sure about trotting action, many, including myself, had never thought about walking action at all; and, when we began to observe, were not a little puzzled by the difficulty of correctly noting the slow, almost simultaneous motion •of three legs. Yet those exact realists, the illumi- nators of missals, had correctly caught the action of the walk three hundred years ago. Mias Thomp- son defended herself stoutly by the example of the great French artist Meissonier, and StonehengeV' description of the walking pace, which, however, she misunderstood. Meissonier probably studied his horse's paces from high school chargers. At any rate, there is no doubt that in this detail the very clever young artist was wrong.- easse It's Book of the Horse." FIGHT BETWEEN Sticklebacks.—A naturalist thus describes the habits of these little fishes, during their confinement in a tub :—" When a few are first turned in, they swim about in a shoal, apparently exploring their new habitation. Sud- denly one will take possession of a corner of the tub, or as it will sometimes happen, of the bottom, and will instantly commence all attack on his com- panions and if any one of them ventures to oppose his sway, a regular and most ferocious battle ensues the two combatants swim round and round each other with the greatest rapidity, biting, and endeavouring to pierce ca h othar with their spines which, on these occasions, are projected. I have witnessed a battle of this sort p ro e which lasted several minutes before either would give way and when one does submit, imagination can hardly con eive the vindictive fury of the con- queror, who, in the most persevering and unrelent- ing way, chases his rival from one part of the tub to another, until fairly exhausted with fatigue. They also use their spines with such fatal effect, that, incredible as it may apuear, I have seen one, during a battle, absolutely rip his opponent quite open, so that he sank to the bottom and d ied I have occasionally known three or four parts of the tub taken possession of by as many o her little tyrants, who guard their territories with the strictest vigilance; and the slightest invasion invariably brings on a battle. These are the habits of the male fish alone; the females are quite peaceful, appear fat, as if full (,f roe. and never assume the brilliant colours of the male, by whom, as far as I have obsern d, they are'un- 1ll0Jestec1: -CasselL s Popular Natural History. Regular Living.—At least forty millions of the inhabitants of India look to the rice crops for their sole diet. A good crop means plenty an average crr.p, high pri es a fail ng crop, starvation. Rice is to the intertropical nations of the east what wheat is to us, and oats and rye to the raoie northern countries. To the Hindus, whose religion forhids them flash, it is more; if. is their sacred food and sole subsistence. Not only this, for out of the intricacies of their creeds new difficulties arise. One caste refuses to touch food that another caste has handled. They would eat what they them, eelres have raised; the rest is impure. Thus, when their crops fail, many accept neato in prefer. ence to that which their faith holds as unclean food. Those win have lived in India are familiar with the sight of a Hindu family seated on the ground around a pan of boiled \rice as big as a sronge-bath, helping themselves, and feeding wita their fingers until the dish is empty- Two sue^ meals a day are what the working classes subsst on. A little salt is frequently the only flavouring. Sugar, ghee, oil, and vegetables are luxuries in which they do not often indulge. One pound of rice at each of these two meals is what a man con suiiies on an average, though in times of plenty ae seems to be able to go on swallowing rice as long as any remains in the dish. There is a standing joke against them, that they never know when they have eaten enough until they have measured them- selves round the middle. A pound of rice swells into a bulk incredibly enormous for one stomach, we English would think. Not for a Hindu peasant: he finishes his meal with a good draught of water, and if, then, he have attain,!d satis actory dimen- sions, he decides that he has eaten enough. T' is is the ludicrous aspect of a simple custom, which however, gives us some idea of what rice is in In ia to the many millions who eat nothing- e se.— Chamltrs' J:<uma The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge have in the press, Cliristinus under the Cie. oi-ut in Asia," by the Rev. E. L. Cutts, who has lately returned from an official visit to the Christians of Kurdistan, made at the instance 01 the two archbishops.

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