Papurau Newydd Cymru

Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru

Cuddio Rhestr Erthyglau

5 erthygl ar y dudalen hon

A GOLDEN THREAD.

CHAPTER XX.

f RURAL LIFE.

Newyddion
Dyfynnu
Rhannu

f RURAL LIFE. BY A SON OF THE SOIL. j A WORLD FAMOUS SHEEP BREED. I Like other Down sheep, the Shropshire owes its origin to the crossing of Southdown rams with local breeds; and since it gained recognition as a distinct breed by its appear- ance at a Royal Show in 1859 its develop- ment has 'been wonderfully successful. It has been truly called the most cosmopolitan of all the Down breeds, and its blood has been introduced into flocks in m<Mt of the sheep- farming countries of the world. It has a fairly heavy fleece of good bright wool and a superior quality of mutton. It possesses at any age a. thick, uniform cover of fleshou the back and ribs when handled for the butcher, and is noted for its hardiness and its wonderful adaptability to many different soils and climates. It can be crossed with unique success with sheep of almost any pure breed as well as with common mongrels. As a sire for the production of foreign mutton and lamb the Shropshire ram has no equal. The breed is fortunate in having a society (with offices at Shrewsbury) (lvoted to its interests, man" of the members of which by their enthusiasm and energy deserve the I. fullest credit for its wide repute. According to the Stock Bock., the following are the Shropshire's chief points The head and face (which 6hould not. be too long) are I completely covered with fine white wool. ex- cept the no&e, which should be a mellow t A FIUHOPS'HLB.E RAM. black; the ears also dark and small or medium; fleece very dense, Arm, and of medium length the whole body and legs covered with an equal quality of wool—coarse wool about the thighs, or light and thin wool on the shoulder points being a great fault, as also patches of biack or grey wool. The skin is pink and free from blue or dark spots the body square, on short, straight legs, without gross, coarse bone. A PARASITE ON A PEST. A parasite destructive to the grubs of the large pine weevil has been found in several widely separated districts of Scotland. Ob- servations in the flelcf and laboratory show that the parasite is a severe enemy of the weevil grub. There is the possibility that by the collecting and breeding of this parasite something may be done to diminish the num- bers of the pine weevil. A memorandum issued by the Board of Agriculture for Gotland suggests that it is necessary to know first of all whether the parasite already occurs in all parts of the country. In order to gain this information J very much help can be given by those re- sponsible for and interested in woods, if specimens of the large roots from the stumps of pine or larch or spruce, felled within the last six years, are sent for dissection, ex- amination, and report. If the area of choice be wide, roots should be taken from here and there. The roots should be addressed to Dr. R. Stewart MacDougall, Entomological Depart- ment, University, Edinburgh. Pieces of root should be chosen about two to three feet in length, and packed so as to prevent their being barked in transit. All specimens will be acknowledged, and senders are asked to state, if possible, the year of the felling from which the roots have been taken. EMERGENCY HINTS, Some people have a, genius for finding a ,way out of a difficulty. I think it must be genius, because it comes so natural to some to be inventive and adaptive, while others find it difficult to deal with problems that arise. I have often been interested to com- pare the way in which different workmen and labourers will go to work when something unexpected occurs requiring quick resource- fulness. Failing some inborn gift which enables one to see the solution to a problem, the way cut of a difficulty or round an obstacle, a habit can be cultivated of observ- ing how the gifted ones act in these emergen- cies, until after a time the memory carries so many of these practical hints that, to all in- tents and purposes, the ungifted becomes equal to the gifted. I saw a man the other day rapidly wearing the corners off a nut by using a spanner that was too largo for it. It seemed astonishing that it should not occur to him to insert a coin or other slip of metal so as to be able to get th necessary grip; for that was all that TWO SCANNER HINfB. was wanted. This obvious idea is shown fef th upper figure of the drawing. The lower figure represents a hint which may not so readily occur. It shows what to do with a nut that has bceome so worn at the corners that it fails to grip in ics proper spanner. A piece of round file is inserted in one of the mner corners so that the palJllcr can be turned in the direction shown. These two simple hints may save a great deal of time and annoyance if kept in mind, and there are hundreds and perhaps thou- sands like them. and all worth remembering. if-at any time a reader thinks of one which he thinks is original, and is likely to be of value to readers, 1 Lope he will send it along. I THE PROVISION OF ALLOTMENTS. An official report shows that there were 33,522 acres of land let for allotments at the I end of last- year by the allotment authorities in England and Wales which sent in returns I to the Commissioners. Tho Secretary of tha I Allotments and Small Holdings Association i points ont that this should mean an annual return to the cultivators and, through them, I to the nation of £:20 an acre, or £ 670.441). It is worth while helping allotment holders to make the most of their land. ) At the end of the year 8,391 individuals and two associations were returned as un- satisfied applicants for allotments. In 1914 some action was taken with regard to allot- ments by 1,910 authorities only out of 8.300, and it is strange to note that in 1913, 1,932 authorities moved. j Out of 79 CoLti..y Boroughs in England and j Wales only 47 have provided allotments, and in these 26,817 individuals and 19 associa- tions hold land, whilst 1.850 men are un- satisfied. Cheshire with 4r)7 allotment holders, Cumberland with 353. Hereford with 133, Isle of Wight with 375, Salop with 112, Anglesey with 51, Brecon with none, Car- digan with 53, Carmarthen with 4, Carnarvon with 180, Denbigh with 130 and one associa- I tion, Flint with 2, Merioneth with 1, Mont- I gomery with 95, Pembroke with 20, and Bad- 1 nor with 117, do not como out well at- all. i Bath has 83 municipal allotments, but Bristol j over 2,570; Bradford 586, but Leeds 1815 Cardiff, 948; Merthvr Tydfil, none; Ports- j mouth, 528; Reading, 813—and those hold bj j one association; snd, finally, LostJon County, j 1,314; pjid Birmingham. 3,161. WHERE SEAWEED IS CI LTIVATXD. Seaweed has long had a great reputnrcu as a manure on certain parts of the coast. Yet it is obvious that thousands, if net mil- lions, of tons of it must be wasted..It is very I interesting, therefore, to learn that there are several places rcund the coast of Irc-lpnd where eeaweed is actually cultivated, the best-known loealitieft ing Ac.h;Ii Sov.:id, in Co. Maro; Ardara srid Camdcnagh, in Co. Donegal; and Mill Bay, in Co. Down. The fact is of special interest now, wnen more or less of a famine in potash salts is threatened. The value of seaweed for ngri- cultural and indusbrial purposes, as \All as to a more limited extent as a foodetrr, is referred to by Mr. G. H. Po thy bridge :n- an article on the subject in the latest is-tve of the Journal of the Department of Agri- oulbure. The varieties of seaweed useful as manure all grow attached to rocks or stones, and con- sequently are not to be found in sandy or nraddy bays or estuaries. In the latter in- stanoes they are induced to grew by the pro- vision of large stones, to which the plants may anchor At Achill seaweed bods nro formed by the farmers whose ]and fringes the coast. Laxge stones are collected from the shore, taker cut in boats at hi^h. tide, thrown overboard, and subsequently, at low water, arranged in more or less regular lines, forming rectangular beds or fields cn the muddy or sandy bottom. The crop of weed is cut once in two years, and is used as a rule by the farmer owning the bed, being j but rarely sold. Binps Fon FATTENING. Not all birds are equally suitable for fatten- ing purpose-, which means that some are less profitable than others. All birds are not ready for the fattening pens at a given age. It is largely a matter of size, which is dependent upon breed, date of hatching, previous feed- ing, weather, and ether circumstances. If a b!rd has been well fed from the start, far less fattening is required, and the bird is usually large enough to go in the futteni'lg pens earlier than is the case with a sn;sely- I fed bird, which has only had sufficient food to develop a good frame without much cover- ing. A bird fed entirely on grain is unlikely to be as forward as a bird fed on grain om- bincd with soft food. Experiment has p" ed that ground grain is not only more freely eaten, but makes birds plumper than whole grain. Birds which have' been brought up on a free range are usually more forward for their age than those hatched and reared in con- runs, so that while from three to four months is the usual age at which a bird is ready to bs fattened, iu is the best guide, showing when it is in a condition to return a maximum amount of profit. Similarly, in the fattening pens each bird reaches its highest state of perfection at a certain, time, after ) which not one ounce of food should bo given it. Beyond that time, not only is a bird con- suming unnecessary food, which cost-, money, but in addition it actually loses weight. Some birds are not suitable for fattening purposes, apart from considerations of breed. All those intended for the fattening pens must be in a. fair state of health, or they will not stand the strain. Very wild birds will not fatten well. Feather-eaters must on no ac- I count be placed in tho pens with other birds, as they will worry them by continually pick- ing at their feathers, and so the whole pen of birds will be retarded in growth, and food will be wasted owing to the birds not fully benefiting by it.

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