The Principality

BEAUTIES OF OUR REPRESENTATION. THE* constitution of England is frequently declared to be the admiration of the world and the envy of surrounding nations. It is undoubtedly tolerably just in theory, but it is wofully wrong in practice. If any proof of this is needed, we apprehend that the following focts and figures which were given in Mr. Hume's speech will be found to answer Z, the purpose. They demonstrate that the real opinions of the people cannot be made known in the House of Commons as at present constituted, and this being the case, the excellency of the British constitution exists only in theory. It is a maxim of the Constitution, that taxation and represen- tation should go together. All who pay taxes and do not enjoy the franchise are deprived of their rights, and differ little from slaves. At present, five out of every six male adults in the country have no share in its representation. Out of 6,000,000 of adult males, only 1,000,000 are registered electors; and, as many of them are registered more than once, the real number of electors is, not more than 800,000 or 850,000 at most. Five millions of adults are, therefore, deprived of the rights to which they are en- titled, and are of course, to a certain extent, discontented. There are three English counties—Huntingdon, Rutland, and Westmore- land, which return two members each, six in all. The males above twenty in those are about 26,400; the registered electors 9,000, and they return six members. Middlesex, South Lanca- shire, and West Yorkshire, return six members. Here the male adults, instead of 26,000, are 316.000, and the registered electors about 73,000. This population of :U6,oOO pers9ns is met by the voice of Huntingdon, Rutland, and Westmoreland the Tower Hamlets, with a population of 400.000, has no greater voice than Harwich, with 3,7O0. Harwich, Thetford, Chippenham, Totnes, Huntingdon, and Kmiresborough, return twelve members. The gross population of the six is 28,000. Their influence in the re- presentation is as great as that of Westminster, the Tower Ham- lets, Liverpool, Finsbury, Marylebone, and Manchester, with 9 1,000 electors and a population of 1,500,000. There are three constituencies in Scotland, Banffshire. Peebleshire, and Selkirkshire, with 2,173 registered electors and 12,330 adult males. These may be compared with Edinburghshire, Lanarkshire, and Aberdeen, where the electors are 9,500 and the male adult population J 71,00J. Rutland, with than O,OOi' inhabitants, has more ectors that) two Irish counties, rangingbetween 7 0,000 and 100,000, than two more ranging between 100,000 and 1-10,000, than two more with upwards of 150,000, than one more with more than 250,000 and, lastly, than another with more than 300,000. The population of Westmoreland is 42,464 the number of its electors, -4,392. The population of Londonderry is 207,848, and the electors 2,172. Thus Londonderry has ail excess of 165,384 of population, while Westmoreland has an eXCt sS of 2,220,- of electors. Downshire, with a population of six to one greater than that of Westmoreland, has 1,260 fewer electors. Lisburn, Portarting- ton, Tralee, Dungannon, Enniskillen, and Kinsale, six boroughs, ijave 1,097 electors, and return six members, while Cork, Dublin, anu Limerick, with 1,1,540 electors, only return the same number. 1;1 the six small boroughs ore member is returned for 183 electors, while in the large constituencies, there is .only one member to 2,423 electors. Mr. Mackay has taken twenty-two boroughs, the aggregate population of which is but a fraction above 100,000, and; found that they have 42 representatives, one member for every 2,390; while twenty other ciues and boroughs, with a population of 3,7K0,0w0, also return forty-two members, being one member for about every 90,000 persons. Of the cities and boroughs now tending two representatives each, there are 15 with a population upwards of 150,090; 16 of from 50,000 to 100,000; 27 of from 20,000 to 50,000; 23 of from 10,000 to 20,000; 47 of under 10,000. Of those returning one membcrthere are, 3 with a popu- lation of from 50,000 to 100,000 10 of from 20,000 to 50,000 33 ot from 10,000 to 20,000; 30 under 10,000. Of those with a population under 10,000, 32 have only 5,000 and under; and of these 1 of which falls to below 2,000, no less than 2.0 return two members •; o' Parliament. The metropolis, including all its Parlia- with a- popuiation of 2,000.000. is represented by 1 ömembets io PaHiainent; The eight boroughs of Bridge north, Houiton; .Harwich. Thetford,. Richmond (Yorkshire), Totnes, taff0rd,:tl:d Lymington, with an aggregate population falling short of 40,000, return the same number of members. Thus we have one groups of members, 16 in number, representing 2.000,030 of people and more property than is accumulated on any uther spot of equal dimensions on the globe, and another groupe, stonsirting of the same number, representing less than 40,000 people, with but petty interests nt stake, and all of them, so far as jhe franchise is'concerned, under local influence. Thus the whole ml'lueuce of the metropolis is neutralized, by the members for these eight boroughs. The irregularities and inequalities are so glaring that they ought to induce Parliament to do justice to the people in order to restore peace, order, and contentment to the country. Such is the state of the representation. That it impera- tively demands reform is beyond the province of reasonable doubt. Bad as matters are, however, there is no need of despair. Great as the work is, it shall be done. Let the people league themselves together in quiet and resolute de- termination to seek all necessary reform, and point after point will be gained, until at last our sea-girt isle Shall be great, glorious and free, First flower of the earth, first gem of the sea."

LOOK AT THIS—AND THAT. CONTRAST is the second law of suggestion. To contrast the expenditure of our own country with that of other coun- tries may therefore be productive of some beneficial sug- gestions In the present struggle for retrenchment and re- form. Let us compare the cost of the British cabinet and that of the United States. The following is the expenditure of the British Cabinet Salary. First Lord of the Treasury i £5,000 Lord High Chancellor 14,000 Lord President of the Council 2,00i) Lord Privy Seal 2,000 Secretary of State—Home Department 5,000 Secretary of State—Foreign Department 5,000 Secretary of State—Colonial Department 5,000 Chancellor of the Exchequer 5,000 First Lord of the Admiralty 4,500 Paymaster-General 2,500 President,of Board of Control 2,000 Of the rest of the Ministry, with the SECRETAUY-AT-WAR, we need not speak, except to say, that the LORD-LIEUTENANT OF IRELAND'S salary is E20,000 per annum; the LORD CUAN- CELLOR'S £ 8,000, and all the rest of the Government func- tionaries in proportion.. We now turn to America. The following arc the salaries of that cabinet:— Dollars. President 25,000 Vice-President. 5,000 Secretary of State 6,000 Secretary of the Treasury 6,000 Secretary of War 6,0!0 Secretary of the inavy 6,000 Postmaster General 6,000 Attorney General 4,000 About five American dollars make one pound of our money. It will be seen that the British salaries are enor- mously large in proportion to the American. Everything is done in England in the most expensive manner, whilst something like economical management prevails in the United States. The reason however is perfectly obvious. British managers belong to the aristocracy, and everything is done in accordance with aristocratic notions. People of Wales! LOOK AT THIS AND THAT.

CALMER LOCAL LOGIC ON LOCAL RATES. The Cardiff people are pestered with local rates—rates so incessantly and enormously as to amount in some, and we believe in many cases, to 7s. Gel. in the pound. It is true that these rates before they can be valid must be signed by magistrates, and if signed by magistrates, then of course one would expect by the borough magistrates, and not by gen- tlemen who act for the county. If the borough magistrates refuse to sign, it must be presumed that they have some valid reasons for so doing. As they arc vested with the su- preme authority in borough affairs, it would be reasonable to suppose that they are more conversant with local business than county magistrates. There is moreover an awkward old statute of Queen Elizabeth, which enacts that no extra- neous magnates shall meddle with borough magistrates, and this inconvenient proviso has never been repealed. As it has not been repealed, it might be expected that, gentlemen learned in the law ought to be acquainted with it, and if acquainted with it, it would be no great stretch of credulity to believe that they would not sign a rate to which the sig- nature of the chief magistrate had been refused. Such, however, is not local logic—it won't do for the Car- diff people—we beg pardon, not the whole people, but a por- tion of them. Logic with them is after this fashion. The mayor refuses to sign a rate. The collector then goes to two county magistrates, and they asking no questions for the rate-payers' sake, nor for conscience sake neither, we presume, sign the rate, and the collector goes liis way rejoicing. If any of the inhabitants grumble, local logic will seek to suppress their murmurs. If some of them pre- sent a numerously signed requisition to the chief magistrate to call a public meeting to consider these matters, local logic will fix on the name of one requisitionist, and infer the ge- neral from the particular, exclaiming with an intensity 0 of devotion which forces. even its modicum of Latin from its hidden resources, .1.b una di'wc omnes. Learn all from one." This one radical, original exponent must become a Ccesar." and if a public officer convenes a public meeting on public grounds, he too must become a" Pompeyj" and thus the lid :tllqs tlie fountain of local logic overflows with classie stHusioiis. Then if Ceesar" in the course of a long speech happens to com- mit one mistake, local logic must impatiently bound at the conclusion that all his statements are equally wrong. Even if luckless Caesar" happens to prove that i pi,ol)el,i,y which was considered several years ago to be worth £ 8,000 a year is now only rated at fD,000 (and until this year at only £ 4,500), it does not avail him, as local logic will not permit. him to correct ltiiiiet-lf or be corrected by others. If he com- mitted a mistake upon one point, that like Gehosi's leprosy must cling to him for ever, and local logic retires from the field after a tremendous display of the wonderful powers of the expressive, the courteous, and dignified monosyllable- FUDGE! Our logic is somewhat different from the local. We are willing to give the chief magistrate the province and honour which his office confer upon him. If he accedes to the wishes of his fellow-townsmen, in a matter that intimately concerns their business and then* bosoms, because it affects their pockets, we will not talk of wounded dignity, nor tra- vel back to the days of Pompey and if a gentleman, who confessedly has been of great service to the interest of the rate-payers, may happen to have his beard or his speech too long to please us, or if he commits an error in the course of a long statement, we shall not on that account dismiss his remarks with Fudge." Our rule of action is, prove all things, hold fast that which is good." Let the rate-payers of Cardiff go and do likewise, and we believe, notwithstand- ing the formidable opposition of local logic, our burden- some rates may yet be reduced to something like a moderate amount, without injuring the sanitary condition of the town, or otherwise inflict any injury upon any portion of the inhabitants. POLICE COURT, MONDAY, JUNE 26. (Present, the Mayor, and James Lewis, Esq.)—Mr. Stockdale handed a pla- card to the mayor, statin gthat Mr. W. G. Ithind intended to preac hin the open air on Tuesday next. The mayor stated tha the had given him permission t) preach in the Town-hall. As there was no business to be transacted, the court was adjourned till Friday. THE COUNTY COURT.-A vast number of cases were tried in this court on Saturday and Monday last, but none of them of scarcely any public interest except Pricey. Harris. This was an action brought by Mr. W. Price, draper, against Mr. G. Harris, for the recovery of the sum of 12s. 3d., for goods had by Lis son, George Harris, in his name. The debt was not dis- puted, but the defence was, that the goods were had without his knowledge; and that if he paid this debt he should have to pay fifty others. His honour held that Mr. Harris was not responsible. This is important for tradesmen, and may lead them in many'instances to exercise more caution. Several in- solvent debtors were set at liberty. DISMISSAL OF A POLICE CONSTABLE.—Our attention has been frequently called, during the last fortnight, to a case which has excited considerable interest in this town. We have received statements on the subject from several parties, and we deem it our duty to lay the case briefly before our readers. It appears that P.C. John Dorrett had taken a person into custody, who was found, according to his testimony, and that of another po- liceman, drunk, disorderly, and abusive in the public street, at the hours of half-past one, half-past two, and three in the morning. Every effort had been made to persuade him to go to his lodgings, which he refused, and at last he was locked up by Dorrett. lIe was not searched on account of his being dressed in a night-gown, which led the policeman to suppose that he had nothing of importance on his person. On the following morning before the policeman's charge against him had been investigated, he charged the officer with having robbed him of his penknife and a pocket handkerchief, but promised very considerately that he would not press the charge of felony if Dorrett was dismissed. Several persons gave evi- dence that the gentleman" had been drinking with them at different hours of the night, yet they agreed that he was not drunk. Dorrett and another policeman positively swore that he Was drunk. The magistrates however dismissed Dorrett, which seems a strange way of doing justice. If they believed that the policeman was guilty of felony, it was highly improper that the charge should not be brought home to him. We telieve, however, that if the case had been fully investigated the policeman would have been honourably acquitted.0 We understand he is a Inan of exemplary character, and that his dismissal has excited much sympathy. We will not enlarge at present. ° TAFF YALE RAILWAY.—The traffic for the week ending June 24th, 1848, was £1,573 33. 7d. We understand that Mr. Walker's list (see advt.) is fast filling- up. Parties, therefore, desirous of competing, would 0 b, do well to make early applications. Mr. Walker, we be- lieve, intends to visit Cardiff shortly. WAR.—Two lectures on the Horrors of War were delivered on Monday and Wednesday evenings at the British School in this town by Mr. N. Pearce, late of the 55tli Regiment. The lecture on Monday evening was a little interrupted by a military gentleman, but whose argu- ments and facts were not of the most transparent character. The attendance on both occasions was very large, and Mr. Pearce's address was received with considerable applause.

COUNTY RATD. A county rate of one penny farthing in the pound was then or-, dered in accordance with the recommendation in the report of the finance committee. The Chairman then alluded to the resignation of the couftty sur- veyor, and suggested the expediency of requesting the clerk cf the peace to prepare the necessary advertisements for his SUe c'smr. It would likewise be for the consideration of the ruag' 'st rates whether they should not increase the salary with the view of securing the services of some efficient party. The clerk of the peace then read "the following report:- REPOirr OF THE POI,ICE COMMlTTliE. Pyle Inn, Thursday, June 22 At a meeting of the Police Committee then held, J. Bruce Pryce, Esq., in the chair, the accounts of expenditure for the last quarter were examined and found correct. Your committee find the expenditure to have been as follows: Merthirr District. Contingencies £ 3 3 8 Allowance for shoes 5 16 6 Gas light for station 3 10 0 Year's rent of station .14 0 0 Extraordinary expenses caused by the attendance of constables from other districts at Chartist meetings. 19 11 0 Newbridge District. Contingencies. 2 3 4 Allowance for shoes 2 IS 6 Year's rent of station 3 8 6 Oqmore District. Contingencies 2 11 8 Allowance for shoes 3 1 6 Gas-light for station 1 0 01 Expenses of surveyor's attending Maesteg station 1 12 6 Swansea District. Contingencies 1 10 2 Allowance for shoes. 2 18 6 Gas-light for Neath station 2 1 4 Year's rent of same 12 0 0 Mr. Dal tun's bill 29 3 10 Guardian 318 0 Cambrian 2 17 6 They rccjmmend the several accounts to be paid. Your committee find that the following rates will be required.- Merthyrdistrict. E332 7 ill Newbridge 227 1 8| Ogmore. 166 2 0 Swansea 89 14 10 (Signed) J. BRUCE PRYCE, Chairman. Some conversation having taken place in reference to one or two points in the above, the report was adopted by the court. The accounts connected with the Merthyr stipendiary magistracy having been passed, the magistrates returned to the Hall for the transaction of business, having first determined upon holding two Courts. R. C. N. Came and H. A. Bruce, Esqrs., were appointed to preside in the second court, to be held in the rooms of the Me- chanics' Institution. The Itev. J. Collins gave notice of his intention of moving at the next sessions for the appointment of an additional police-con- stable for-Gower. Other notices were postponed.

SECOND COURT. [Before R. C. N. Carne and II. A. Bruce, Esqr?.] TVm. Burr, 23, labourer, pleaded guilty to having, on the 28th April, feloniously stolen, at Cariff, two pieces of bacon, of the value of Sd., the property of Win. Llewellyn. Sentence—One month's hard labour. John M'.Dotinald, aged 26, was charged with having stolen, at Cardiff, seven sacks, value 5s. each, the property of Wm. Alex- ander Bradley. The jury returned a verdict of Guilty. It ap- pears there were other indictments against the prisoner, but they- were not proceeded with. The chairman, in an impressive address, sentenced him to seven years' transportation. Philip John was indicted for having stolen a quantity of Iny, the property of Capt. Napier, chief-constable of the county.— Acquitted. The court was then adjourned.

WEDNESDAY, Junf. 28. The Chairmalltookhis seat this morning at ten o'clock, accompanied by one or two other magistrates. The first business was an appeal case from the parish of Rhigos against the county of Glamorgan, in regard to cer- tain properties which were alleged to have been reduced iu value, and which were charged in the county rate at the same rate as when the works were in full employ. 1\1:. Grove appeared for the appellants, and Mr. Hall for the respondents. A long discussion, and not a little sparring, took place between the learned counsel in reference to the production of certain documents, and the examination of tho Clerk of the Peace. Mr. Hall was full of good humour and seemed to have given considerable annoyance to his learned friend. The court was occupied for several hours, and the chairman decided in favour of the appellants. The court then proceeded to try prisoners. William Polleg, miner, aged 20, was placed at the bar, charged with having stolen 1 Is., in one-shilling pieces, from the person of Howell Williams, at Aberdare. Mr. Grove appeared for the pro- secution the prisoner was undefended. Howell Williams was sworn and deposed that on the 5th of April, while at work in th level, four persons (among whom was the prisoner) attacked him, and tied his hands with a whip; that wlnle he was bound, the prisoner thrust his hand into his (prosecutor's) pocket, and ex- ti-acted therefiom l is., which he had put in his pocket a sh():t time previous. The prisoner denied having seen any money. Policeman Richard Saddler stated that he had apprehended tha prisoner, and found 10s. in half-crowns on his person. Verdict, Guilty. Sentence Six months' hard labour in the Swansea Home of Correction, part of which to be kept in solitary co,-ifiric.- ment. John Brou-n, labourer, aged forty, pleaded guilty to a charge f having on the "22nd of April stolen a quantity of pig iron, the property of William Crawshay, E"q. Sentence, one month's im- prisonment. William Lewis, aged 17, and Joseph Beddoir, nged 111, pleade& Guilty to a charge of having on the 12th of April, at Merthyf, stolen divers sums of money from the till of one David Evans, to the value of E2. Seuteuçe- one week's imprisonment with hard labour, and to be once privately whipped. The chairman, in ce- livering the sentence, said that should the prisoners agam appefr under a similar charge, the sentence will undoubtedly be trans- portation. Elizabeth Lewis, aged 32, stood charged with having, on the 9th inst., stolen a quantity of coal, the property of Sir J. Guefl, Mr. Grove appeared "for the prosecution. John William PaIr), sworn, said that he" caught the prisoner in the act oi taking the coal. The prisoner (who appeared exceedingly to regret her pc* sition) admitted having taken some coal, but pleaded inexlenuauIJu that other women had been allowed to take coal in a simitar wty without being prosecuted.—Verdict, Guilty. Sentence, one week's impri-sonment with hard lahour, Thomas Harry, labourer, aged 22, was charged with having, on the 8th of March, stolen one sack and three bushels pf, corn, the property of one William Smith, The prisoner admitted having stolen the sack. Sentenced to six months' imprison- ment with hard labour. Daniel Thomas, boatman, aged 26, was charged with having, on the 1st of April, 18*6, at Aberdare, stolen a watch, the pro- perty of William Parry. Mr. Hall appeared for -the prosecu- tion. William Parry, sworn, said that he was a boatman living at Newbridge, had left his watch in the cabin of his boat: the prisoner was then in the cabin. lie left the boat for some time, and on his return, found the watch missing. Mr. Heary Wren, superintendent of the Merthyr police, said that the prisoner told him that he had sold the watch to persona at Aberdare and Hirwaun, but on inquiry could not iindtL#- (Continued in the eighth page).

THE PRINCIPALITY. AT the annual conference of the Monmouthshire Welsh Independent Association held at Rumney on the 7th inst., the 'following resolution was unanimously adopted :— "That this conference greatly rejoices in the success of the PRINCIPALITY, and the powerful and efficient manner in which it is conducted; and deem it an organ that merits the warmest support of every patriotic Welshman, especially the Dissenters of Wales." At a. meeting of the Dysgedydd committee held at Dol- gelley, North Wales, on the 29th ult., it was resolved :— That the PRINCIPALITY has been established at a memor- able period in thehistory of the country whose name it bears; that a beloVed friend, who values the principles cf freedom, has incurred much expense in its establishment; that it has already been of eminent service; that the most indefatigable exertions are made by its proprietor and editor to strengthen its influence, and that there is every reason to suppose its use- fulness will be continually extended; and it is therefore unani- mously resolved that the office and friends of the Dysgedydd should exert themselves in every possible manner on behalf of the PRINCIPALITY." These valuable and spontaneous testimonies to the accept- ance of our labours we desire to acknowledge with sincere gratitude. On behalf of the proprietor the editor can 'un- hesitatingly promise every possible exertion in the service of his country. His labours have already been characterised by pure devotion and self-denial in the cause of truth and liberty. For his own part the editor can only say, that whilst few, and indeed very few, gentlemen have expressed themselves dissatisfied with his views and his mode of ad- vocating them, he has received the most gratifying expres- sions of approval of his humble efforts to serve his country, and the principles of Dissent, from many of the most learned, patriotic, and amiable of his fell ow-couii tryni cii. He knows that numberless prayers are offered up to heaven on his be- half, and that even lisping infancy is taught to utter its simple, artless supplications for his success in the cause in which he is engaged. Strong in these assurances of the sympathy and esteem of the great majority of the wise and good in Wales, he will spare no exertions to make the pa- per the faithful and devoted advocate of Welsh Dissent, and the sacred principles of civil, commercial, and religious freedom. He trusts at the same time that his friends will bear in mind that his success depends upon their securing for the paper a circulation of two thousand copies.

GLAMORGANSHIRE MIDSUMMER QUARTER SESSIONS. These Sessions commenced at Neath on Tuesday, before Henry Thomas, Esq., Chairman, and the following magistrates :—R. Nicholl Carne, Esq.; R. O. Jones, Esq. R. Lindsay, Esq. Capt. E. Morgan, H. A.; Rev. J. Collins, M.A. Rev. Samuel Davies R. H. Miers, Esq.; N. V. E. Vaughan, Esq.; L. L. Dillwyn, Esq.; T. E. Thomas, Esq. H. A. Bruce, Esq. After a short charge from the Chairman to the Grand Jury, the magistrates retired into an adjoining room for the transaction of COUN't Y BUSINESS. After the Chairman had taken his scat, the Clerk of the Peace explained to the magistrates some particulars in connexion with the improvements in the Swansea House of Correction. The Clerk of the Peace also read the report of the Visiting Justices of the same prison. It set forth that order and regularity were most strictly observed in the prison. The contractor (Mr. Spooner) had proceeded with the alterations in, and additions to, the present building in a most satisfactory manner. The work had been nearly completed, the only remaining portions being those con- nected with the ventilation and heating. The report also recom- mended that the old portion of the prison should be heated in the same manner as the new. The amount required for the purpose of carrying this into, effect-woukl be about Z100. It also contained a recommendation that additional accommodation should be pro- vidl-d fdtr. a turnkey.

FIRST COURT. APPEAL CASES. BETTW? v. LAN-GUICIC. -In this case the overseers and church- wardens of Bettws appealed against an order of magistrates re- moving a pauper named Hopkin from the respondent parish in this county to the appellant parish, which is in Carmarthenshire. The case occupied the attention of the court for some hours, but there were no points of public interest involved. The court quashed the order with costs. One or two other appeal cases were disposed of, after which the court rose.

MERTIiYR. WEDNESDAY NiGlIT. Tiie' news of Mr. Russell having only 12 majority over Mr. Overton has spurred the furisfcr gentleman's friends to greater exertions than evercti&s behalf. Parties ,re seen in every direction scouring town and. surrounding districts for voters. Intact, tfce ejec- tion of a coroner is the all-^b&orbing question here during this week. In all probabilitVj the people's candidate vriu toe successful'.

It is yet too soon to form an accurate opinion of the origin, design, and conduct of this fearful insurrection. It is freely asserted in Paris that it has been set on foot and carried on by foreign gold, and we fear that this statement is true to a certain extent. This much, however, is certain, that the in- surgents neither lacked money nor ammunition. Of both they seemed to have the most liberal supply. Now it is very evident that a few poor men could not make so much resistance without being well supplied with the sinews of war; and it is equally evident that they could not from their own resources have been so well prepared with these things. Prepared they were, however, and the construction of the barricades conclusively demonstrates that they were erected on the most scientific plan, and such only as could have been done by experienced strategists. The workmen could not .supply such persons, and we arc consequently driven to the conclusion that there must have been an unseen power beyond the scenes. Add to this the significant fact that Count Norbourne, formerly Aid-de-camp of Charles X., was taken behind one of the barricades in the very act of distri- buting money to the insurgents. In short, the whole plan Was exquisitely arranged, and many a Government has been overthrown by less formidable conspiracies. The skill was consummate, and the courage was worthy of nobler objects than tumult, mad disorder, and cruel fratricide. Unhappy France, however, has had another fearful visitation, and has received another baptism of blood. Assuming to lead the nations by her example, she now seems in danger of being torn by internal divisions so as to become the beacon rather than the guiding-star of the destiny of other people. We do not believe that unless France will become much more Christian in every sense of the term, that the Republic can possibly exist much longer. That form of Government, we believe, is alone appropriate to a country where the greater part of the inhabitants have some practical compre- hension of the Divine precept—"Whatsoever things ye would that men should do unto you, do also unto them." Without such understanding, a republican Government will prove a fruitful source of misery to such as may adopt it. Some weeks ago we hinted that France was in greater; danger from industrial than political errors. The prediction has now been verified. Communism has well nigh proved the death of the new-born Government. The brutal Char- tism of England, if permitted, would act a similar part. Go- vernment has no business to meddle with labour, and their fearful blunder in so doinp- lias well-nigh destroyed all the framework of society. What Government cannot accom- plish in an indirect way for the promotion of labour, educa- tion, and morality, it should leave undone. We hope this lesson, written as it is with human blood, will be duly pon- dered by those gentlemen in Wales, who are busily indoctri- nating the multitude that they have a right to be educated at the public expense. But if it be the duty of Government to assist at all in the promotion of secular education, it is equally its duty to assist in supplying other secular wants of the people, and this erroneous doctrine will ultimately drive the populace to make demands whose only reply must be made at the cannon's mouth. We are anxious that our brethren should avoid such a conflict, and because that we are anxious for their well-being we most unhesitatingly condemn Government Education. Whenaccused of violence, bigotry, dulness, and such other qualities as have been abundantly imputed to us, we calmly point to the result of Government Education in France. We solemnly warn our friends in the opposition, that they are now feeding a flame which may burst forth with irrepressible ardour and con- sume much of the happiness which we now enjoy. If Government will commence to grant some concessions of this kind, the time is not distant when more and more will be demanded in a voice that may compel the British lion to Startle a little from his wonted courage. Let Government- aid men ponder these facts, and look to France for the re- sult of Government interference with matters beyond its legal province. We hope they will abandon the dangerous course which they now pursue, and devote themselves to the moral elevation of their country by lawful means. Departure from correct principles even in small matters and with good intentions will end disastrously. Abide by abstract truth, and ultimately there will be no danger.