The Principality

FRANCE. The committee for inquiring into the causes leading to the affair of the 15th of May and the insurrection of June has given in its report to the Assembly. The Unton says:— It appears certain that three representatives, M. Ledru- Rollin, M. Louis Blanc, and M. Caussidiere, are gravely inculpated. They, it is said, took a part more or less active in the events which prepared and facilitated the invasion of the National Assembly on the 14th of May, and the san- guinary journees of June. The committee deliberated whether it should propose the accusation of the representa- tives who, by the investigation, are inculpated, or whether it should leave the initiative of that measure to the Assem- bly. and decided for the latter." At the sitting of the Assembly on Thursday week, M. Bauchart read the report of the committee appointed to inquire into the events of May and June. This document inculpates certain members of the late Provisional Govern- ment some of whom from a mistaken notion of the state of the nation," and others from seditious motives," had produced an extraordinary agitation in the country, "with a view to disorganise it.Y' "Emissaries had been sent to foment sedition in the provinces, and the secret service money lavishly expended for the same unconstitutional pur- pose. The general elections had been postponed to the last possible period: and the expedition against Belgium was publicly undertaken at the very moment when M. de Lamar- tine was preaching against propagandism. M. de Caussi- diere, the ex-Prefect of Police, had uttered the most atro- cious menaces against the Royalists and reactiotmaires, and threatened to burn Paris over their heads by means of chemical matches!" At the sitting on Thursday, M. Bauchart continued his report on the late insurrection of Paris. As regards M. Louis Blanc, the report comes to the conclusion that he is decidedly implicated in person in the affairs of the 15th of May. The report states, that the political men compromised in the insurrection are M. Louis Blanc, M. Caussidiere, and M. Proudhon. The secret associations formed at Paris, and their connexions in the Departments, would form the subject of another report. After much protesting" on the part of M. Ledru-Rollin and M. Louis Blanc, the Assembly broke up in great agitation, at a quarter past six. The report then gave the evidence of M. de Lamartine, who stated that he had been roused up on the morning of that day by a friend, who informed him that the clubs had been in permanence all the night, and that a regular plot had been formed to overthrow the Government. He was on the point of going out, when Ledru-Rollin arrived, and confirmed the statement, informing him at the same time of propositions which had been made to him by the clubs, and which he refused to accept. M. de Lamartine said to him that, as he was Minister of the Interior, he ought to prepare for the peril, and that what was best to be done was to beat the rappel and call out the National Guard. This M. Ledru- Rollin promised to do forthwith; but M. de Lamartine, feeling uneasy, went out, and proceeded to the Hotel de Ville, where he met General Changarnier, whqdnformed him that, finding nothing had been done to ward off the peril, he had dictated the order to beat the rappel to M. Marrast, who had behaved admirably throughout, and it was in con- sequence of that act, and not from any proceeding on the part of M. Ledru-Rollin, that the National Guard appeared in the streets, and saved the Government and the country. M. Pitois, former private secretary of Marshal Bugeaud, and latterly President of the Jacobin Club, has been arrested in Paris, together with M. Jules Thomas, a medical student, both charged with having participated in the insurrection of 0 June. M. Ledru-Rollin, M. Louis Blanc, and M. Caussidiere were present during the whole time the member was reading the report, and appeared, from time to time, to be in a state of great excitement. M. de Lamartine, M. Arago, and M. Garnier Pages were also present. The attendance of mom-, bers was exceedingly large, and the public tribunes were crowded to excess. It is thought that there will be an immense split in the Assembly, and that from sixty to eighty members will fall off from their colleagues, and hoist the revolutionary drctpeau rouge. Accusations of the most serious nature weigh upon M. Caussidiere and M. Louis Blanc. M. Ledru-Rollin is, apparently, not so much com- promised. The Prefect of Police, in his weekly account of the posi- tion of Paris, says, that the number of workmen out of employment is daily diminishing. Of the 28,225 workmen inhabiting the public lodging-houses in Paris, 18,038 are employed, and 10,167 are without employment; but among the latter are about 3,000 persons who, under all regimes, prefer idleness to labour. Six hundred of the insurgents of June were sent off from Paris to Havre on Saturday night, for deportation. The French Government seems to be daily consolidating itself, and Paris is gradually re-assuming its wonted gaieties. On Friday M. Marrast, President of the National Assem- On Friday M. Marrast, President of the National Assem- bly, gave a magnificent fete at his official residence. Both General Cavaignac and M. Bastide declare that the French Government was by no means disposed to interfere in the affairs of Italy, excepting in case of absolute neces- sity and they added, that they were in the hope of being able to come to an understanding with England, by which, in case of its being necessary, the joint mediation of the two countries would be offered to Charles Albert and to Austria.

SPAIN. The Gaceta of the 31st ult. contains decrees appointing Senor Pidal to the ministry of foreign affairs, and the Duke de Sotomayor to the Embassy of Paris. It also publishes a certificate by the Queen's physicians to the effect that she positively had a miscarriage, after having been emsinte for two months.

LOMBARDY AND VENICE. The Italian correspondent of the Journal Des Debats gives the following account of the relative position and forces of the Austrian and Sardinian armies :— We learn by letters ftom Milan ol' the 1st instant, that the city ol" Cremona, on the Po, has been occupied by the Austrian*, aind that the Piedmontese army has retired to Codogno, a small toSvn two leagues from Rizzighetone, a fortress situate on the Lower Adda, sixteen leagues from Milan. From Codogno, the Pied- montese army may direct its movements cither on Lodi, on the road to Milan, or on Pavia, on the north of the Po, or, lastly, on Plaeentia, on the south bank, in the direction of Tortona and Alexandria. As :11 T '1_- -L.1_- .] this last movement ivouia leave ljomoaruy cumpjciciy e.vuseu, we may be certain beforehand that Charles Albert will maintain him- self With energy on the line of the Adda. Marshal Radetzky has at his command not fifty to sixty thousand men, as was first stated, but eighty thousand. It is positively asserted that he has ten thou- sand Bavarian volunteers who have joined him from the Tyrol. Since the 22nd ult., he has been every day receiving strong rein- forcements. The troops sent from Austria and Illyria: aci oss the c Venetian provinces perform two and three stages a day on waggons, which are hired and regularly paid for. It is by this means that the force of the Marshal on the Adige has been doubled. The Piedmontese commanders appear to have befen Completely ignorant of the strength and the preparations' made by the enemy. The veteran Marshal has taken every advantage of his success and of the superiority of his forces. Let us hope that under the protec- tion of the fortress of izzighetonc, the Piedmontese army, reduced at this moment to forty-five thousand men, may be able to receive the reinforcements which will be directed from Piedmont, and arrest the alarming progress of the enemy." A letter from Milati says—" The proclamation of King Charles Albert has produced a great effect at Milan, and drawn to the King all hearts. The Republicans, lately so troublesome, have ceased for the moment all opposition. Adversity enli^htfens them they are forced to adpiit that the King and his army are the true defence of the couutry."

POLAND A^D RUSSIA. THE CHOLERA, Letter of the 26th ult., from Tarnopol, Austrian Qalli- cia, state that the cholera had broken put with great in- tensity at Okopa, in Russia, 30 leagues from Tarnopol, and that it had extended with extreme rapidity to the western frontier of Qallicia, where it was raging with violence. According t(i letters received at Cracow on 'the 2tth ult., the cholera is making^'dreadful" ravages in the Caucasus, carrying off great numbers of Circassian's and Russians, All military operations have; it is said" been suspended in consequence of the malady, "Ve read In a letter from Riga, of the 28th ult.—"The cholera is unforttinardy gaining ground here. During the 22jid, 23i'd, 24th, aij.d 25th of July, there have been 1,043 new cases, and 529 deaths. On the morning of the 26th the number of patients was 878, or about one in forty of the whole population. The cholera has also appeared at Mitau, the capital of Courland."

PRUSSIA. A Berlin correspondent writes on the 1st to the Gazette ofAix-la-Chapelle Last evening the President of Police published an interdiction against meetings; but this ha not prevented their being more numerous than ever. Con- stables came to disperse them, and some conflicts ensued, and the burgher-guard interposed. Several persons were wounded, and some prisoners taken. The organization of the constabulary force seems to have been the cause of all the disturbances which have taken place, and has created great discontent. The colonel, M. Kaiser, has caused the students to be ill-treated, disarmed, and arrested, though by law they are authorised to carry arms. The members of the Left in the National Assembly are placed under a species of surveillance under the constables, who seem to follow all their stens." The existence of the cholera in Berlin was officially an- nounced on the 30th ult. The Prussian Gazette of Berlin, of the 29th ult., says We leant from a source worthy of credit that General Von Bulow has left for Vienna, carrying to the Archduke John information that the Prussian army formally refuses to per, form obedience to him as Vicar-General of the German Empire."

FRANKFORT. THE GERMAN PARLIAMENT—ABOLITION OF DEATH PUNISH- MENTS. The Archduke John, the administrator of the empire, ac- companied by the duchess, and his younger sons, returned to Frankfort on the 4th ult., and was received with great enthusiasm. In the sitting of the German parliament on that day the debate on the 7th section of the scheme of fundamental rights was resumed, and the abolition of capital punishment was decreed.

ARREST OF MR. SMITH O'BRIEN. THURLES, SATURDAY NIGHT. This evening, at eight o'clock, Mr. Smith O'Brien was arrested in the town of Thurles, just as he was on the point of leaving for Limerick. The arrest was made without the slightest resistance either on the part of the prisoner or the people, and the infatuated rebel chief is now on his way to Dublin. He was recognised in passing through the princir pal streets-of Thurles by Hulme, a guard in the employ of the Great Southern and Western Railway Company. Mr. O'Brien asked him the way to the railway station, and Hulme having answered the question, immediately sent a soldier off for reinforcements. He himself followed Mr. O'Brien to the station. On arriving there Mr. O'Brien asked for a second class ticket to Limerick, the price of which he paid. His manner was so embarrassed that the clerk noticed it, and particularly the tremor of the hand. He did not, however, recognise his face. Having given more money than was sufficient to pay the fare, the clerk returned him 6d. change, but he took no notice of this, and was walking away, when the clerk called him back. On his return he asked which was the right platform to go to, and being told that it was that opposite w here he stood he crossed the line to get to it. There he was immediately ar- rested by Hulme, who commanded him to surrender him- self in the Queen's name, and seized his arm to prevent any resistance or the use of a weapon. Head-constable Hanover, D, who held the warrant for his arrest, immediately assisted' Hulme, and Mr. O'Brien was at once disarmed of a small pistol which he carried in his waistcoat pocket, and which was the only weapon he had about him. The reinforcement which Hulme had the prudence to send for, and which con- sisted partly of police and partly of soldiers, now arrived, and Mr. O'Brien was at once conducted to the gaol, where- arrangements were made for his lodgment daring the night. General M'Doriald, however, very wisely deter- mined to send the prisoner without a moment's delay to Dublin; and accordingly, in an incredibly short time, a troop of dragoons and, a detachment of infantry were drawn out as an escort to the station. In the meantime the people began to assemble in groups, the voices of women were heard, waxing eloquently rebellious, and every moment increased the signs of popular agitation. General M'Donald's arrange- 9 r, ments, however, were made and carried out with the greatest expedition and precision. The entrance to the gaol was cleared by the police, a strong body of ivfantry held the sta- tion, and a troop of cavalry swept the streets clear of the crowds that had assembled tbere. The shopkeepers were imperatively ordered to close their doors, and the general himself entered one or two where a disposition was shown to disobey his orders, and struck terror into the inmates. In 1. y 8 consequence of these vigorous measures, not the slightest difficulty was experienced in conveying Mr. O'Brien from the gaol to the station. He was taken there on a car, which was also occupied by Mr. Gore Jones and Captain Fitzmau- rice, the resident magistrate, and by General M'Donald. A strong escort of infantry and police accompanied the prisoner; who was safely placed in a special train previously preparc for the purpose of conveying him to Dublin. Mr. O'Brien occupied the centre seat in the carriage, and in the same compartment were Lieutenant Alexander M'Donald, four armed policemen, and the sub-inspector of constabulary at Thurles. The train started on its way a few minutes after ten o'clock. DUBLIN, SUNDAY MORNING, SIX O'CLOCK. Mr. O'Brien has arrived, and has been safely lodged in the royal barracks here by Lieutenant 'M'Donald, to whose care his father, the general, entrusted the prisoner. Mr. O'Brien was prohibited from speaking or moving on the? way on pain of instant death. He therefore tried to sleep, but his efforts were not successful. His manner during the journey was upon the whole confident and self-possessed, though the uneasiness of his mind would occasionally betray itself in his face, and in the restless manner in which he changed his position from time to time. He yawned fre- quferitlj; as, I believe, to account for the tears w hich came starting into his eyes, and 1 could see that anxiety of mind and personal exposure have left deep traces behind them on liis features. On reaching the Dublin terminus he walked to' the barracks, guarded by a party of thirty policemen. who had- accompanied him by the train. Tilis capture is decisive as to the fate of the Irish rebellion, and it is grati- fying to think that it has been effected so quietly. A report had for some hours previously been industriously circulated in Thurles that Mr. O'Brien had escaped to a sea-port in Galway, apd sailed for America. Viscount Hardinge left towv. this day to take command of the troops at Clonmel. I am this moment informed that Mr. O'Brien has been sent to Kilmainham, under the same escort as that which accompanied him to Dublin. Prince George of Cambridge has thus lost no time in providing for his safe keeping. The few provincial journals which reached this moriiing, are totally barren of intelligence. All seems to be quiet in the south. The news of Mr, O'Brien's arrest, although arriving at the untimely hour of two o'clock this looming by special engine from Thurles, flew like wildfire over the town. Even at this early hour the subject forms the topic of discussion at every street corner. People appear panic-stricken at the fate of the leader of the insurgent army. Evident discon- tent at his pusillanimous surrender without resistance, is the prevailing feeling among the lower classes. THURLES, SATURDAY MORNING.—An important move- ment of the troops was made from Ballingarry on Thursday afternoon. Shortly after one p.m., General M'Donald re- ceived information that Smith 0,Brien had fled to the mountains in the neighbourhood of the silver mines. In less, than an hour after the receipt of this intelligence General M'Donald, with the whole force, under his command had commenced his march for the Keeper Mountain, and arrived in Thurles without a moment's delay hy the junction pf the detached forces from Killenaule, New Birmingham, and other points, twenty-one prisoners following in'the rear, handcuffed to each other, two abreast, the police; with fixed bayonets and muskets cocked, sur- rounding them. As they were leaving, their friends crowded" > l'