The Principality

t -c"" -r ,=- HOUSE ÓF LORDS.-TuESDAY, JULY 23. The South Wales Railway (Alteration of Works) il1, VIIlS read a second time, after which, a few unimportant bill, were read a third time, and the House adjourned. IIOUSE-OF COMMONS.—TUESDAY JULY 23.

At the evening sitting a petition was presented by Col. L. WATKINS, from South WALES, stating that the ber llaiesi v's Wood's and Forests claim, by the io>al pero0ative, tLe g»S »ml > oil of ««. mi »l»™ »' »• ™ k-iurdom and the ground and soil ot every port, haven, and arm iAe sek creek, pool, and navigable river ihereot, xuto which "he 'll ebbs and flows and also the shore lying between high ■and low-water mark and praying that a BeltCt. acf^aim be appointed to inquire into the origin and exercise o sach elaiiii, when it commenced and where it has been exercised; and If It should be found that such claim cannot be suppoi e l by act o -principle, that such step, should be taken for and quitting possessions as your honourable House should "SI!. DCKX obtained leave to bring in abill for the amendmer* °ff'oie SiiJour moved a resolution enunciating the propriety-of remitting t"e Income tax upon the tenant farmer, of Imat Pritaiu. This, after a short debate, was rejected by oO against 3-. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—WEDNESDAY, JULY 24.

The Poor Relief Bill was road a third time d Mr. SIIAFTO ADAIU withdrew the loot Kelief (Cities ai r°The Compound Householders Bill was read a second time The Sunday Trading Prevention Bill wa* read a second tii The Coroners' Pees Abolition Bill was read a second tunc. Otlier billi m-ere forwarded a few stiiges, itid the House adjourned at six o'clock.. Chepstow, Newport, Cardiff, and Merthyr.

TO CORRESPONDENTS. WK are happy, in being able to state that the new Post- Z, office arrangements will enable our Subscribers below Swansea to receive their papers on the day of publication.

THE PtEGlUM DONUM. TIm Dissenters of England and Wales have a right to 0 ID totilplaiii of the mode in which their expostulations are dis- regarded and their principles insulted by the powers that be. Money is forced on them against their will. A small sum-- the amount does not equal the quarter's salary of a regular State Church Bishop—is doled out to about 300 men whose necessities have so degraded them that they cannot refuse the price of their humiliation and shame. Men of limited incomes and large fainilics-men on whom, through the increasing struggles of years, want has pressed with a cruel and un- relenting hand—men who have but confused ideas of what they affirm, and who are better fitted to follow some me- chanical vocation than to proclaim GOD'S everlasting truths, arc met with in the clergy of every sect. Not alone do they curse dissent-in every large religious denomination they must more or less abound; but that they should be permitted o disgrace their whole body, that their wishes and interests should be consulted, rather than those of their more re- spected and respectable brethren—that Lord Jonx HUSSELL should quote them rather than the popular pastors, of our populous towns—requires a cooler assurance, of which we ixagine only a RUSSELL in our time could be guilty. A graceful liberality is always pleasing to contemplate; like mercy— It blesseth him that gives and him that takes;" but the charity that is forced on a man-thatis contemptu- ously thrust upon its object—that the giver considers as a politic sop, and nothing more—that disgraces alike the receiver and the donor—is a charity too humiliating for the Dissenters much longer to endure. It is well known that most Dissenters protest against all State interference with religion. They maintain, and they are right in doing so, that religion, coming as it does from GOD, will flourish, whether the State smile or whether the State frown. That the conscientious conviction of the man can in no degree be influenced by the terrors or rewards of human law. They believe that the State can make men hypocrites, and that is all it can do. They believe that all men have equally civil rights—that the State ought not to encourage these and persecute those—that in the eye of the State, the Jew and the Gentile are equal. They think it wrong that the religious belief of the one should be a worldly loss, or of the other a worldly gain., They profess them- selves not to receive the pay of the State and they think that the State has something else to do with the money it raises from the people than to pay parsons, however saintly- than to build churches, however grand. To brand them with inconsistency—to point at them the finger of scorn— to hold them up as hypocrites—to show the world that these advocates of voluntaryism, as the only agency, for spreading GOD'S truths, are yet ready to take money when they cau get it-that with all their high-sounding phrases they are, in reality, as mean as other men—the infamy of the RegiumDonulll was cunningly contrived and perpetuated. Ministers persist in the annual grant. Hardly a voice is heard in its favour. In the House of Com- mons Messrs. LUSIIINGTOX and KEHSIIAW and BRIGHT pro- test agaiast it—Dissenters throughout the country exclaim against it; yet the opportunity of throwing disgrace and t, in L, contempt oil N-oluntai-yisin is too precious to be lost, and a sum humiliating from its very smallness is voted by the Commons year by year. Oil no ground can the Regium Donum be defended. If the Dissenters are doing good-if they are filling the land with religious life and light, and ministers think they should be supported, the sum voted should be much larger than it is. If a new Bishop is appointed to Timbuctoo—if the Can- nibal Islands be raised to the eminent dignity of being con- verted into an episcopal see-if the Red Indians be honoured I I I with the saving presence of a Ilight Reverend Father in God (and at the present rate of episcopal progress there will, soon not be a corner, however remote, or a rock, however bleak, in which there will not be a Bishop). Government is lavish enough, but here it is niggardly. On the church of the rich and fashionable it sheds abundant honour—on the church of the people it confers disgrace. It gives gold to the rich and coppers to the poor. To the men who build their Otvn chapels, and keep their own ministers—who have translated the Bible into every tongue, and who have sent their missionaries to every corner of the globe—whose voice has gone forth into all the Nvot-ld-it bestows a mite; whilst in the lap of a church that slumbers whilst around it humanity dies of its vice and despair—of a church that is steeped in schism and worldliness-of a church that has always been more alive to the good things of this life than to the terrors, and truths and sublimities of the next—it to the terrors, and truths and sublimities of the next—it wastes riches sufficient to maintain the armies, to feed the paupers, or to instruct the ignorance of the State. Why is this anomoly permitted ? If Government be bound to promote religious truth, then those most active in its pro- pagation should be those whom it delights to honour. Is it not notorious that men of lofty evangelic zoal--tho Whit- fields, the Wesleys, the Rowland Hilb-ha ve found that effectively to carry out their mission and obey the divine call within, they had to leave the State Church and practi- cally subside into the ranks of dissent; and yet the State must support the inaehinary that is found most difficult properly to work, and to be least favourable to the.attain-: ment of what some conceive to be the State's mission—the evangelisation of the world. As this idea is the most ridi- culous that ever entered the head of man—as even State ministers have been found to be not the holiest of men—and as more than one most gracious and religious king" has led a life so stamped with infamy as to make their names stink in honest men's nostrils—we may be excused for refusing to trust religion to their tender mercies, justified in asserting that all grants on the part of the State for its propagation—whether they be large or small—whether they be millions or but a few paltry hundreds—whether tliey be called Ilegium Donutns, or Church-rates, or tithes— are hurtful, unscriptural, unpolitic, unnecessary, and UIl- just. The truth of the matter is, the Ilegium Donum is one of the outer-bulwarks of the State Church. That removed the Esta- blishment will be weakened. As it is, there-is some appear- ance of impartiality. All sects are patronised. True the State Church gets the lion's share but the poorest Prcsby- tarian, or most indigent Baptist brother, has a chance ill some lucky hour of a five pound note. T1 hrough the mysteri- ous channel by which the Ilegium Donum falters through the land no poor minister but may at some time or other expect it. Thus many men are tongue-tied and cannot condemn what they do themselves* Many moire think that Dissenters, since the Ilegium Donum exists, only protest against State Endowments because the Church gets them, and they do not; and thus for a few hundred pounds of yellow gold—for the lucre that stains the hands that grasp it and the hearts that covet it-the; principles of religious liberty—principles essential to the well-beihg of theState-tre trampled 011 and denied. u-

THE COAL TRADE, Tins returns of the Coal Trade, which arc yearly moved for by the member for Swansea, have just appeared. From them we gather the following facts :-viz., that on the coasting trade in coals of the several ports of the British Channel, there has been a falling off. We find that in the past year of 1819, Cardiff shipped 486,183, New- port 402,078, Swansea 17S,458, Llanelly 108,160 tons of Coals; of Culm, Swansea shipped 123,807, and Llanelli 52,961 tons. This falling off, however, has not been local, but has extended to other ports not in the Bristol Channel, as well. As regards the export trade, the com- parative returns for the years 1848-9 exhibit an increase of trade for Cardiff, for the latter year, of the difference between 117,303 and 168,174 tons, but a falling off in the amount of exports, in Newport from 12-1,870 to 108,199, Swansea 39,072 to 34,604, and Llanellv 1.5,141 to 11,321 tons. The relative importance of the Coal trade of the several ports above enumerated may be accurately esti- mated by the declared value of the quantities shipped. The total declared value for 1849, of exports of Coals of all kinds, that is including cinders and culm, is, for Car- diff £ 81,272, for Newport £ 53,030, for Swa.nsea£10,199, and for Llanelly £ 4,298. These returns speak well for 'Cardiff, and, notwithstanding the hope our cotcipporary, tho J-Ierald, endeavours to arouse in the minds of the Swansea people, we think that Cardiff has 110 reason to fear any diminution of its trade. If the South Wales Railway can carry Coals to Swansea it can bring them to Cardiff as well. Let us have the new docks, end Cardiff will ngure yet more favourably in the Coal returns than it has ever done before.

) THE GLAMORGAN PROTECTION IBTH AND LORD ADARE. LORD ADARE it appears represents the County of Glamor- gan, but it appears he does not represent the Protectionist Club of that county. This is a grievous offence, and lr. FIIAMVLEN with great reluctance, and with the highest pos sible respect for his lordship's private character, intimates to his lordship that the members of the club must withdraw from him their political support. What the other kind of support is that the club will not withdraw Mr. FICANKLEN modestly prefers to suffer to remain in obscurity. The club do not wish to parade their charities. They belong to that amiable class who Do good by stealth and blush to find it fame," but their political support for the future Lord ADARE must do without. The club want a specific declaration of his lordship's views as to the restoration of protection to British labour and capital. His lordship very wisely declines to give any- thing of the sort. His lordship knows as well as we that the Central Glamorgan Club does not represent the wants and wishes of British industry and capital, but simply those of some'of the landlords of Glamorgan. His lordship very sensibly says that he can make no promises, but that when the time comes he will vote for such measures as lie conceives to be justest and fairest. At such an answer the club, as it is bound to be, is indignant in the extreme. The reply is deemed vague and unintelligible. This niay or may not be true, but the charge comes with a bad grace from the Central C3 Glamorgan Protection Club. Who are more vague and un- intelligible that the Protectionists? If there be one gentle- man in the Central Glamorgan Protection Club who has clear and intelligible notions about protection to British labour and capital, we should like much to see the interest- ing individual. If he would but step into our office, and enlighten our darkness he would do us a favour, the memory of which would remain with us through life.

TOWN LETTEPY-NO. 60. LAST Saturday was a grand day in the Reform Clubj and a still grander day for England's Foreign Secretary, who then was feasted as John Bull invariably feasts those whom lie delights to honour. True Soyer has left the club, but still the club survives, and it is whispered even dines better than when the author of the Gastronomic Regenerator was the presiding genius of the place; and so, notwithstanding the desertion of Soyer, a dinner was ordered, and a costly one, too, for the tickets were three guineas each, and a compliment was paid to, Lord Palmerston such as never was paid ti British Minister before. There are those Who think but meanly of his loi-dsllil)-wlio deem him a mischief maker— who would gladly see him driven from place and power. Such is not the feeling of the people. Palmerston is the only one of the Ministers who excites any enthusiasm in his favour. It is felt that he is more liberal than his colleagues -—that he is more ready to give expression to the popular b wish—that in him progress finds a truer triend, and hence t3 he is the man whom the people honour. They know but little about foreign policy but they have an idea that our 0 Foreign Secretary is no tool of Russia, or of Austria, or of France—that he zealously watches over liritish ri,-Iits- that he seeks to spread British principles—that he aims that the people of other states should be as free as the people of his own. It would be well if Lord Palmers ton's colleagues would gather from the Palinerston Banquet the lesson it ought to teach- Let Lord John open his eyes; the night is far spell t-the day is at hand. The people are awakening and are looking out for the coming man." Lord John Russell is only Premier by sufferance. Parliamentary business has been rapidly got over, as is usually the case when the end of the Session is near. Hurry skurry is the order of the, day. There has been the usual mas- sacre of the innocents. Helpless bills have as usual been born almost to blush unseen. The principal amusement, however, has been that of voting away the people's money, which, as usual, has been done with a lavish hand. The Whigs after all, it seems, are publicans ard sinners like the rest, and are as ready for a job as any one else. And the grant to the Duke of Cambridge is not a bad specimen of their talent at this kind of work. The late Duke was well paid for what he did. Twenty-seven thousand pounds a-ycar is by no means to be despised; but out of this insignificant sum the Duke could make no provisions for his family, and they are now obliged to ask for a parliamentary grant, And besides the pickings which lie has a good chance of getting, the pre- sent Duke is at once to have an allowance of £ 12,000 a-year. Another Whig job was rather sharply exposed by the old veteran reformer, Joseph Hume, on Monday nirt. It ap- pears there is evidently a good deal of moonshine about the disinterestedness and philanthropy of the Rajah of Sarrawak. The Labuan affair can never be forgotten. A more precious piece of roguery has not been concocted for some time. The vote on this estimate, is one of many for. which a so-called Reform Parliament will, ere long, have a heavy reckoning to make with a mis represented or a non-represented people. The annual cost of the Labuan establishment, as It appears on the votes, is £ 6,914.. This Is, however, but a small frac- tion of what is really expended on the station. The Semi- ramis and Auckland steam frigates are hired expressly for Labuan, and the cost of these vessels is £ 14,000, or £ 15,000. per annum. The charge for the troops, for conveying them thither, for provisions, batta, pensions, &c., cannot be less than X-1,500 or £ 5,000 per annum. There are other charges which appear under the convenient head of" miscellaneous." A-ltop ether Labuan cannot cost this country, one year with another, less than £ 32,000 per annum. The long deliberations as to the building to be elected for the exhibition of 1851 have been terminated by a decision in favour of Mr. Paxton's design and estimate. Mr. Paxton suggests a building chiefly of glass—in fact, a huge but elegant glass-house. The great feature in its erection is, that no stone, brick, or mortar will be necessary. All the roofing and upright sashes will be made by machinery, fitted together and glazed with rapidity, most of them being n 0 finished previous to being taken to the place, so that little else will be required oil Z, the spot than to fit the finished materials together. The whole of the structure will be sup- ported on cast-iron columns, and the extensive roof will be sustained without the necessity for interior walls for this purpose. If removed after tho exhibition, the materials may be sold far more advantageously than a structure. filled in with bricks and mortar, and: some of the materials would bring in full half the original outlay. In order to subdue the intense light in a building covered with glass, it is r_1 Z" proposed to cover all the south side of the upright parts. together with the whole of the roofs outside, with calico or canvas, tacked on the ridge rafters of the 'atter. This will allow a current of air to pass in the valleys, under the calico, which will, if required, with the ventilators, keep the air of the house cooler than the external atmosphere. To give the roof a light and graceful appearance, it is to be on the ridge and furrow principle, and glazed with sheet glass. No tim- ber trees need be cut down, as the glass may fit up to the boles of the trees, leaving the lower branches under the glass during the exhibition; but Mr. Paxton docs not re- commend this course, as for the sum of X250, he would engage to remove and replace every living tree on the ground, except the large old elms opposite to Pi-ince's-gate. Only a few years ago the erection of such a building as the one contemplated would have involved a fearful amount of expense but the rapid advance made iii this country during I the last forty years, both in the scientific construction of such buildings and the cheap manufacture of glass, iron, &c., together with the amazing facilities in the preparation of sash-bars and other wood-work, .render an erection of this description, in point of expense, quite on a level with those constructed of more, substantial materials. Mr. Paxton is the well-known gardener to the Duke of Devonshire. The amount of the contract is £ 87,000. _-n_ The Gorluun case has at last been decided by the Courts of Law, but the controversy has in consequence ouly taken a more furious 'turn. Oil Tuesday there was a monster gathering of clergy and laity, in St. Martin's-hail, Long- acre, to adopt a course of action which they think calculated to relieve the Church from its embarassments, to purify its ministrations, and to clear up its doctrine. The hall filled from end to end before twelve o'clock. Not less than 1,500 persons were present, and, judging from the great prevalence of sober hues of garllJent-blavk couts and white cravats-a very large majority of .them were clergymen. It was in the eyes of the good men there assembled a great grievance that the State denied sacramental grace, and that the clergy had not a synod to themselves. The remedy is obvious enough. Let them leave the Church and they may ou be free as air; of course if they pocket the Stite pay they must preach the State creed. America has to deplore the loss of her President. The steamer that carried out the intelligence of the death of Sir Robert Peel was met by the one which had to bear "to" England the news of General Taylor's death. The event, however, will not much affect American politics. Wo ro- regret to say that there are still the signs of war in Europe. Denmark and Holstein are again at blows. The armistice was in vain the contending parties will fight it out, and there is no help for it. Indeed the horizon of Europe is by I no means clear. France at this time presents but a melan- I choly appearance. Louis Napoleon seeks to annihilate the press. Alas! for him and the country whicn he mis-governs, Don Quixote, who only attacked wind-niills, was the wiser man of the two. WIDE AWAKE. i)

CARDIFF. SOUTH WALES RAILWAY.—It will be seen by reference to our i. advertising columns that on Saturday next an alteration will i take place in the arrangements of the trains on this line. Tllc S mail train will be an additional train to those already running, so that instead of four trains (on week days) we shall hencie- forth have five trains a day and instead of two trtiiis, three on Sundays; By this arrangement the London mail will arrive in Cardiff, on and after Saturday next, at 5 45 p.m., and will leave at 7 7 p.m. THE English Baptist Chapel in St. Mary-street is now under- going repairs. We understand for the next three or four Sun- days the congregation will assemble, for divine worship, in the Town-hall, which has been kindly granted for the purpose by the Atayor. RAILWAY Tiiti;.—We see that the South Wales, and the Tall Vale Railways, and the Post-office, all go by London time. Unfortunately our public clocks are not at all particular as to the time they keep. We recommend the town authorities to seek to bring them into something like order. If they are not right by London time it will be productive of great incon- venience. We are very glad the Taff Vale Railway has altered its time, and we hope the good example will speedily bu followed. TUB LAST OF THE IAIJ, COACHES. To-day witnesses the closing journey of the Gloucester and Carmarthen mail, which, for the last time, runs through our town. Henceforth the rail takes its place-henceforth the mail coach takes its btaad with the wonders that have been. THE Post-office, we hear, is to be moved to the house lately occupied by Mr. Aqbrey, in Angel-street, We cmnot very .highly commend the choice. Surely a site near the South Waim Railway Station would have been a little mure convenient, aud a little more central. CARDIn STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY.—-Notwithstanding the unfortunate event which occurred on the day of the firit start of this company for active business, great things may yet be ex- pected. The Taliesin has recovered from her indisposition, and is much improved by the little doctoring she has received. Hex boilers and engines have been well looked into, and every im- provement which could be suggested has been made; Improve- ments have also been made in her cabins and decks—all of which tend to give the public what tlie Company have long promised them—good accommodation for little money. Oa Monday evening some of the directors and a few friends enjoyed a trip in their newly-purchased steam-vessel, for the purpose of testing the quality and ability of her engines. They started about half-past live o'clock, and took a direction towards the Flat Holmes. Having got round the Holmes, they proeeeded in admirable style up the ehannel, and when about seven miles from home, tha Star, belonging to the Bristol Steam Navigation 'Company, was discovered to be insight. Thinking the plan would be a pleasing one, as well as giving the directors an opportunity of witnessing the speed of their little craft, they decided upon waiting the Star's arrival, and of making passage to Cardiff together. This was done, arid a highly-exciting race ensued. As the btar cams abreast, the Taliesin, a little brass cannon, which is on board tha latter boat, was fired, and the two jolly captains having ex- changed a friendly recognition, away they both went at full speed. The Taliesin did her work well-ill fact, so did the Star, for both > continued to pull away at such equal distances from eacii other that it was almost impossible to give preference to either boat, although, if any is given, we must award it to the Star. This did not continue long before the Star adopted a "move," which, of course, gave her great advantage over her competitor, and having many fore-cabin paseengers on board she wiu able to complete satisfactorily. After-cabin fare was not nowr considered, for in less than a moment were the decks clsarcd, and the mass of human heads, which were visible were seen making their way abaft the rail to the quarter-deck. whe.e they remained for some time; 11 Site is beating us now," she i beating us now," was the cry and opinion of many on ¡. board the Tuliesin; but not HO, (although little else c mid have been expected, considering the great strength of the engines and the excellent trim she was in) for a gentleman, whom many scenied at the moment to forget, had something, to do in this little race, and whom we IlIay describe as the captain, with a generalship which could not have been surpassed by "Bony" himself, brought the Taliesin itr.o the cutway, sonie considerable distance ahead of the Star, to the surprise ot the captain of that bolit and the two crews. Aloud cheer "immediately followed this unex- pected victory, which was continued until they reached the Pier- head, where they were received with hearty hurrahs by a number of persons there assembled. After seeing all in its pro- per place, many on board the Taliesin adjourned to the cabin of the Star, where the adventures of the day were joked over, and J several toasts in keeping with the occasion given, not forgetting the health of the much-respected master of the boat, Capt. Clements; On Wednesday the Taliesin made a trip to Bristol, and will cou- tinueto run daily until further notice. We believe, he engine-room has been visited duirng lierst iy here by many competence igineers all of whom highly approve of their conslrucioa, and under the management of their new engineer will, duubtlesEla(.'colll>li"h al that can be expected of a vessel whose strength does not exceed more than 80-horse power. There is no doubt that the speed of the vessel will greatly increase, for at present her engines being all newly packed" work more stiff than they will alter they have been brought into active service. We trust that all will progress with good feeling, which will at least ensure suc- cess for there is no doubt after the great service which has already been rendered to the port-.iiii(i we allude to the reduction in the charges'for freights and, passenger tratfic-tllat any persons who may be obliged to patronise steam-vessel traffic between thi< port and Bristol will favour the new company with their support. It is well known that it is the intention to build two efficient boata expressly for this station, therefore the present one is merely a shift for the accommodation of the public, who for a time will not, we hope, find fault with any little mismanagement thai might take place. THg TIMBEH TUADE.—We notice the arrival in port of several vessels this week with timber, and among the number is one which deserves some attention, namely, the barque William and Ann, Scott, consigned to Messrs. J. and J. Grant, from Dalhousie. This vessel is no less than one hundred years old, and, like many other veterans in her younger days, she saw .much service in the defence of her country having been built for the navy, she was employed for many years a* a Bomb-ship, and took part in many engagements, including Trafalgar and the Nile. She is a remarkably fast sailer, and t almost as strong as when new, and is not very troublesome about getting repair,- I ill I)toof of which it is worth mention" ing that her main mast has been in her for about sixty years, and previous to being converted for her use, it was a flag-staff at Gibraltar. The William and Ann has now been mauV" years in the merchant service, and she bears an excellent cbt.. racter for quick sailing and for always delivering her cargoes in good order and condition, besides leaving her owners a good profit. Site is no doubt the ollest vessel that crosses tlivJ Atlantic; and last year, while coming to Cardiff" with a heavy cargo of timber from Dalhousie for the Messrs. Grant, sho beat one of the fast-sailing American liners, going at the of 11 knots an hour.