The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

fttonmouthgiure. <>. Lord Lieutenant for Monmouthshire. At the Court of St. James's, Feb. 3.—His Majesty having been pleased to appoint Capel ilanbury Leigh, Esq. Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county of Monmouth, he this day took the oaths ap- pointed to be taken thereupon, instead of the oaths of allegiance and supremacy. Commission signed by theLord Lieutenant of the County of Monmouth. Monmouthshire Militia.—Edward James Baldwyn, Gent. to be Ensign. SlieriW* for 1836. George Rooke, of Llandogo, Esq. The Assizes. Before Mr Baron Alderson and Mr Justice Williams. At MONMOUTH, on Saturday March 26. The MONMOUTHSHIRE HOUNDS will meet on Tuesday Feb. 16th at Lanarth Friday 19th at Clytlla Lodge. I At half-past ten o'clock, each day. .6'#'I"" PONTYPOOL.—On aturday evening last, be- tween the hours of six and seven o'clock, as Thomas Bailey, gamekeeper of C. H. Leigh, Esq. was standing- near one of the preserves, in the parish of Panteague, he heard a gun discharged, and on approaching the wood, he saw a man with a gun in one hand, and a ,i inati witli a guil it, of, Pileasillit it, the other, iti fuji retreat. Bailey gave chase, and soon overtook him, when the fellow aimed a crushing blow witii the gun at Bailey, which struck him on the arm. Bailey then seized him by the collar, when a struggle ensued, and they both fell, Bailey undermost. Tiie poacher then knelt on the game- keeper's breast, and inflicted several blows on his head with the butt-end of tile gun, but he still held his man, and continued to call for help. To prevent an alarm, the fellow placed his hand 011 Bailey's mouth, but fortunately, a young man named David Tamplill, with one or two others, hearing cries of distress, ran to the scene of combat, and found the parties as above described. The poacher was secured, and amp in recognized him to be William powell, who lately lived at Farms, near the preserves, and hstly at He was given into the custody of Roberts the police officer. On Monday he was brougnt belore J. 11. Pritchard and J. Jenkins, Esqrs. county magistrates who committed him to Bridewell to take his trial at the next Assizes.—Monmouthshire Merlin. DKUNKKNNE s.-Earlv on Friday morning, the body of a man about twenty-five years of age, was discovered state of on Simondshall Down, in this county. It appeared at the inquest, that he had come, as Mr Baynes, ironi Bristol, in a fly waggon, 0.1 his way to Liverpool, to see his friends. He had the.appearai.ee of a master of a ship, and he had told the woman where the van stop- ped that his s.iip was at Poo e, anditnathehad uot been sober for five previous days He k ft VV otten- under-Ed-e with the van, at about one o clock on the r <Tr Kridiv but preferred walking up the hill morning ol rritiay, uut i 1 out of that town, after wmcli tne driver never saw him. He appears to have atterwards stripped off various parts of his clothes; and thus exposed to the incle- mencies of the tempestuous night or Tilursday se'n- night, and to the effects of his own excess, he fell a victim to the fury of the elements, and to his own folly and imprudence.—Ibid.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE GAZETTE & GUARDIAN. m SIR,—-I perceive that a Petition to Parliament is now in course of signature, against the renewal of the Act for the better regulation of the Police of Merthyr Tydfil, in the benefits of which-the adjoining parishes have also participated. There can be little doubt, Sir, that this petition arises in consequence of a reckless love of change and a passion for innovation, rather than from any hope really entertained that the administration of justice will be better dealt out under the proposed alteration, than it has been under the system which has been carried on with so much benefit to the Inhabitants for the last seven years. Personal ambition may also be combined with the causes here named, but no one of the most strenuous opponents of the present Police Magistracy can be weak enough to suppose that any practical benefit can be gained by doing away with it. Merthyr lydfil may be elevated into an incorporated town- it may have its Recorder, and all the other parapher- nalia ol office attendant upon these petty uplift ings; but shall we he better off then than now ? I do not believe tiiat there is an individual in the town or its neighbour- hood who truly thinks we shall. The administration of justice under the direction of the gentleman who is our present stipendiary Magistrate has been pure and satisfactory-there is no necessity for any change to secure to the meanest of all the numerous applicants, the fullest and most impartial justice. The stipend is not a consideration—and if it were, shall we, if the contemplated change be effected, in reality save any- thing? It is perfectly true, thatthepresentstipendiary Magistrate will have enjoyed for a period of seven years, a salary by no means more than commensurate with his labours —but we should also take into con- sideration the long series of years, during which, this gentleman actively and unremittingly performed his duties as a Magistrate without any remuneration whatever, and if we do so—if we divide the whole sum received by him, by the number of years he has served, how much will be the sum for each year? It would scarcely exceed one hundred per annum. I am happy to observe that a counter-petition to the one I have alluded to is also in circulation, and if it be done justice to, it will meet with many signa- tures. Let us hope, Mr Editor, that there are none who to use a homely adage, hold with the hare and run with the hounds." Yours, &c., FAIR-PLAY.

The Queen of the Xtihtrlatids sterner- which left London on Wednesday last with A „ Dutch mail of the 2d instant, was lost on vo>8Bc .0 Rotterdam. alld A Good SHOT.—A. Hvu-hes, F.sq.of Bideford stapfe§rive'r"^ 1 1 week a canoe on the Barn-" fire? ruer> 'lde four extraordinary shots. Tho first was at a flock of teal, killing seventeen- th- ai d"ck"> ki"ins f"; 'ho third « widgeon, killing fourteen; and the fourth at golden plover, killing thirty- six making together seventy three head of wild fowl. HEREFORDSHIRE CANDLEMAS FAIR. At our fair, yesterday, there was rather a thin show of cattle though many very fine animals were in the. market. There was a good attendance of graziers and dealers" from different parts of the kingdom, and the stilt-s were very brisk, most of the finer animals being dis- posed of early. Fat beasts averaged full (H. per lb. and very prime animals commanded 6d. Cows with halves were in request, and sold well; steers and stores were in great demand, and went at full two pounds per head higher than at our last Candlemas fair. Fat sheep sokl at 6d. and prime small at full 6:ld. per lb. and sale brisk. Pigs went at 4.id. per lb. A great number of horses were exhibited for sale, ai d good ones, for tile saddle, fetched high prices; aórieultural hQrse3 did not sell so well. Upon the whole the fair was a most satisfactory one to all part ies.-Hereford Journal. FAIRS.—Ledbury Fair, on Monday, was well supplied with stock, which went off readily at good prices; stores so!d extremely well. There was a remarkably small quantity of cheese brought to mar- ket, and it was soon disposed of at the late advance family fetched 38s.; two-meal 45s.; and best S guineas.—At Ludlow, on Monday, fat cattle went at about 5d. per lb. and little business was done.—At Presteign, on Saturday last, a great number of barrens were sold, at improved prices; pigs were in request, and met a heavy sale.—Hereford Journal.

BIRTH. On the 24 ult. atFairford Vicarage, the lady of the Rev. F. Kice, of a son. MAIiKIED. On the 4th instant, at Witton Church, in the county cf Chester, by the Kcv. Henry Torre. John Ward. Esq. to Henrietta Lister, fourth daughter of the Uight Hon. Ladv Amelia Kaye, and niece to the hftrl of Stamford. On Wednesday, the 3rd inst.. at Great Marylebono Church, by the ,t}e^'or<J B'sbop of Bath and Welb, the (tight Hon- ,or(f Colchester, to the Hon Eliz.ibcth Susan Law second daughter of the late, and sister of the present, Lord Ellonborough. sister 0 DIED. At Cardiff, on the 7t.h instant, aged 21 after ,l;„ i.hfess, Henry, eldest son of died repeating those beautiful words of tint w U 1 >b. reward, h, On lTonday, the ISt illft., zit Cliepstow, Mary, widow of the late Lleutcnant General BUrr. Ou Monday, thc 1st inst. at Cheltenham, at the ad- vanced age of 82 years, Thomas Stoughton. Esq. of Bally- ho.gan, county of Kerry. Oil the lkh ult. at Tunbridge Wells, deeply lamented, E JjJne1,Shake*Pew.«i«ter to the late John Shakespear, On the 27th ult. the Grand Duchess of Hesse Darm- stadt (a Princess of Baden), in the 48th year of her age. On the 18th ult. at Stockholm, General Count Suchtel, t hp. Russian Ambassador to the Swedish court, in his 85th year. On the 9th inst., at Chelsea Part, after a few days" illness, the Lady Frances Wright Wilson, only surviving sister of the Marquis of Ailesbury.

The Raphael aftair is now considered by the Action as an unlucky business, and the most active measures are taking to hush it up. The first attempt was of course, in the usual Papist style; a bold denial. Raphael was pronounced to be a tiiiglitv great liar" and so forth. But this kind of braggadocio is not always a sure rd, even with Papists; and the expedient, faltlÎliar and useful as it has been, at length failed. Raphael's published correspondenc > I.. uroke down the antagonist case some ot the few sturdy Englishmen remaining thought that the sale of seats by a Radical Reformer was la.ther unsuitable t the new regeneration of things; they demanded an enquiry, and the result is, that the business must now come before Parliament. That tlie agitator will be voted through it, we have no possible doubt. The Inunaculate thirty-four" might as well cast off all their hopes of place or public existence at once, as hesitate for a moment. The point may tOHch some of them 'too, more nearly than to Suffer anv more doubt of their inclination, than of Mr John O'Connell's, when he attended the Committee. But perhaps we have not yet had all the disclosures of the Raphael bargain, The Morning Post, generally well informed on criti- cal points of this order, plainly asks, whether Raphael has not an additional letter in which all offer was made to him of a Knighthood, t" be followed by a Baronetcy, in case he would do himself the honor of swallowing his own words and calmly putting the appellation of iisgitty great liar" in his pocket, in case of the £ 2,000 Which he so like a goose, suffered to be abstracted from it. The ecclaircisement will be amusing, aid we recommend the whole to some ingenious farce writer.

The papers lepeat that Ronayne, a i'apist, and the O'Coiinellile Member for Clonmel, died in the most reduced circumstances. They say flirtlier, that he had inherited an income of be- tween two and three hundred a year, had a respectable portion with his wife, and that he Was the very reverse of a wasteful or careless Person. "How then," says the Standard, "are Ile to account for this total ruin and the conse- quent beggary of 'his family?" Does the Raphael affair throw no light upon this unfor- tunate man's embarrassments? Was his pittance enlbarkeù in a political venture f" We much 'Wish the world could have a glance at the Par- liamentary recruiting register. The history of the" fail" might be valuable in more senses than one. There are thirty-five of them. We agree with the Standard "that the matter ought to be carefully enquired into." Sick as we are of the farce of Committees, we could bear one more for its sake, and the sooner the better.

The Conservatives are daily increasing in the borough of Finsburv, and if there were a dissolution of Parliament there would be a complete change in the representation. There is not only a split among tne Radicals in Marylebone, but the little influence which hey had nas diminished considerably since the last election; and whenever there is a vacancy a Conser- vative of sound constitutional principles, and of character and respectability, would certainly be re- turned by a large majority of the electors. POPULARITY OF THE DUKK OF ELLINGTON. T~~Vtsterday morning, when the Duke of Wellington bad entered a shop in Regent Street, for the transac- tion of business, a large concourse of persons congre- gated on tiie outside, who, when his Grace came out and got upon his horse, which was in waiting with a grootn, saluted him with loud and long-continued ebeers, which continued till he was out of sight. The tolllpliinent was acknowledged by the Noble Duke, trbu appeared in excellent health and spirits. Earl Stanhope had an audience of the Tring Thursday, to present the Address of the Central ASriculturat Society to his Majesty. The interview which the Noble Earl was honored » as of consi- derable duration, and of a highly satisfactory nature. he King and the Ministers had many days previously Received copies of tiie address, and we in^y state so JVi t.iat his Majesty has declared himself the warm ■"lend of agriculture.—Agriculturist, r, There was a meeting of the Tory Members of the House of Commons at Sir R. Peel's on Ihursday 14oriiitig, Tue meeting broke up with the understand- '"S that no amendment was to be moved to tne Address.—Observer [This explains how Ministers happened to have the majority of 41, about which all *heir organs are crowing so triumphantly] wThe office of Clerk of Arraigns, on the j/estern Circuit, is vacant by the death of Mr ^hainbre. Baron Gurney, who was the senior Judge the last circuit, has claimed the right of appoint- ment as tne vacancy occured before the next circuit, *»d hag conferred the office on his son, Mr Sidney Urnev, who has lately commenced practice at the V'Uancery bar, Mr Justice Littledale has, however, lsPUted tlie right of fiaron Gurney, on the ground *'iat he had been appointed the senior Judge for the circuit before the vacancy occurred, and that therefore Baron Gurnej's connection with the last fc'rcuit had entirely ceased. The matter was sub- mitted to the other J udges for decision, and they Cae their opinion in favour of Baron Gurney. This fissions a delay in appointing the days for holding e Assises. Serae;uit William Har.ly, of ihe24lh re^ ment, as frozen to death, last month, in a small boat near "8 island, Upper Canada. jn the Parisian saloons there are many alliances j^'ked of. One between the youngest daughter of a 'U'sh Peer at present residing in Paris, and one of young officers attached to the Etat-Major of the .ICC Royal. It is also reported that the young and Duke de Crussol, grandson of tne Duke ,2es, ig about to lead to the hymeneal altar Made- J'tselle de Falhouet, granddaughter of Count Roy, blister of Finance. The marriage of M. d'Osson- 'e Witii Mademoiselle de Broglie will not take j^acc till the end of February. The marriage of the jUke of Orleans with a Princess of Spain is stated to fixed for Septenj^er.—Paris Advertiser. (t J ,;rr littJ is well known that cold-blooded animals use in tie food. If a rattle-snake get but one good meal months it is all tnat lie requires but even tl '8 *s not actually necessary, for 1 have seen one of tvve animals that had not tasted food or water for th months as plump, active, and as venomous as ^?Sb in the wild state, On the other hand, all these lmaig that have warm blood require an immense »0o'ltity f°°d> anc* they do not receive this t.iey to iperisll1 but nmeteen-twentieths of this appears »ni taken into the system for the evolution of the™1111 ''eat. The carbon is ultimately derived from <jj "ourishment that we use, and the oxygen is v, 'y derived from the arterial blood; a constant y, of nourishment is, therefore, necessary in -od,-d animals; but a very small part of the tion • wb'eh is formed from this is required for nutri- Way' anc? 'f the whole of it were expended in this '^Ur/t *S Verv that there would be none left to the tne veins.—L r, Stevenson on Respiration, in "Qsophical Transactions. I .c: r .¡.

MERTHYR POLICE. (Before J. B. BRUCE and W. THOMAS, Esqrs.) FEIIRUARY 9.-Joliii Francis was charged by Henry Lyons, a Jew, with stealing a waistcoat from his shop. Various witnesses having proved that the prisoner was of weak intellects, he was discharged. Rces Rees, Ship and Castle, beer house, was fined 40s. for keeping iris house open at illegal hours. James Macnamara, Michae! Lyons, John Bryant, and Patrick Desmond, were fined £ 1 each for an as- sault on John Hayes, and 5s. each for a tresspasS on the property of John Daly. Edward David, collier, was committed for three months (iiis second offence) for running away, and leaving his child chargeable to the parish of Aberdaie. On being asked why he had done so, he answered, (7/ieddwilod) drunkenness. Flm. 12.—-Ann Lewis, Hope and Anchor beer-house, was fined 10s and costs for refusing to open her door at the demand of the constable. The Magistrates observed that she was liable to a penalty of X5; but as she was a widow, and in the hope it would operate as a warning, they had inflicted tne smaller penalty. Thomas Thomas was ordered to pay £1 by monthly instalments of 10s., to his workman, lhomas Jones.

Brccoughtrc. » Lord Lieutenant for Breconshire. At the Court of St. James's, Feb. 3.—His Majesty having heen pleased to appoint Penry Williams, Esq., Lord L cutenant and Custos Rotuloruin of the county of Brecon, he this day took the oaths appointed to be taken thereupon, instead of the oaths ol allegiance and supremacy. Whitehall, Fcb. 3, 1836.-T,ic Lord Chancellor has appointed William Jlig^ins, of the town of ifav, in tiie county of Brecon, Gent., to be a Master Extra- ordinary in the High Court of Chancery. Sheriff for 1836. J. L. Vaughan Watkins, of Pennoyre, Esq. The Assizes. Before the Honourable Mr Justice Coleridge. At BRECON, on Wednesday March 23 1 regiment—Captain Marsh is in command of the depot in Waterfurd, Brevet Lieut.-Co]onel Bishopp having proceeded to England, preparatory to joining tiie Service Companies in Corfu, and his suc- cessor, -Major Derinzy, not being yet arrived. 2:3d I he iioval elsh Fusileers, whose head- quarters are in Sal ford barracks, Manchester, have the greater part of their forces in country detach- ments. At a IIlpeting of the members of the corporation of the borough of Brecon, held on the 9th instant, the following appointments were made Steward of Court Lect, Mayor for the time being Clerk of tiie Peace Mr Roger T. Watkins Coroner Mr ^bomas Armstrong Solicitor 0" lhomas Lawrence Treasurer Mr Jo.m hvans 11 all keeper Williams Town Crier William Walters Josiah Bethell Serjeants at Mace j ])avid Davies, senior Town Gaoler Joll!lg Wil!itill. HRKCJVNOCK INFIRMARY, 9th Feb., 1835.— Medical Rpport iiiaiiiiii, Iiist wc-k 4 r) In and out Patients remaining last week 40 Ad mitted last week I (J 50 Curedandrdieved. 8 Rnmiininsr -IQ Physician of the week, Dr. Wynteri Surgeon ditto Mr Armstrong. (RICKiIOWFLL POLICE-—On Saturday last. John Thomas, aged 18, as fully committed to-Brecon County Gaol tor trial at the next Assizes, by John Gwvnne, Esq. and Lie Rev. 11. W. P. Davies, charged on the oaths of Charlotte Charles and David Hughes, with violently assaulting the said Charlotte Charles, with intent to rob her, at the parish of Llangattork.

(From our Milford Correspondent, Feb. 1,1.) A seaman named Da vid J en klns, belonging to the Briton, Jones, from Portmadoc, bound to Cardiff, was unfortunately killed in consequence of being struck by a heavy sea in Jack Sound, near the entrance of the harbour. An inquest was held 011 the body and a verdict returned accordingly. In consequence of the boisterous state of the weather, the brig Friendship, Davis, from Cork, bound to hivcrpuol, witll flour "ot foul of the schooner li Cornelia, Peake, from Gibraltar bound to Cork, with a general cargo, and carried away both jib-booms and one of the Friendship's weather shrouds. i he ;)rig Elizabeth, Jenkins, from Newport, bound to Cork, with coal arrived here with loss of her fore top-mast, having' encountered very severe weather in the channel. The brig Red fiover^ Watkins, from Constan- tinople, bound to Liverpool, with woo!, arrived on the quarantine ground this week, with a foul bill, of health. The weather has been extremely boisterous this week, wind S.W. blowing hard with rain, a great number of coasters bound to Ireland and up the North Channel, are now lying here .waiting a change. NKW MAGI STRATUS 1 ne Town-, lerk has favoured us with the following list of Magistrates for this Borough, appointed in the Commission under tin Municipal Reform Act Hon. W. lJ. Yelverton John George Pliilipps, Esq. Thomas Morr s, the elder, Banker, Esq. VV. R. Davies, Trawsmawr, Esq. Edmund HillStacey, Surgeon, Esq. I D. J. Edwardes, Rhydygorse, Esq. Capt. L. Evans, Pantykendy. —Carmarthen Journal. The Lord Bishop of St. David's has been pleased to license the Rev. Win. Herbert, Curate of Glasbury, to the Perpetual Curacy of Rhydvbryw, in the county of Brecon, vacant by the death of the Rev. David ilerbert, last Incumbent, upon the no- mination of the Rev. David Parrry, Vicar of Llywell. -I b;4. Li 71 publishing the excellent lettcr of C.WLA DWR" a second time, it may be necessary to state that we are induced to do so from a convic tion of its very great importance to the whole of the Principality, and to the district to wh 'ch our Journal is confined, more par- ticularly.'] TOTIIE EDITOR OF THE GAZETTE & GUARDIAN Sill, In the County of Glamorgan the most laudable exertions have of late years been made towards the advanflSmentof its prosperity: large sumsare expended in the improvement of our Sea-ports—commodious Courts for judicial proceedings have been erected in some of our towns-Hospitals for the sick have been established, convenient Market-places constructed, Societies for the encouragement of Agriculture and Horticulture are liberally supported, schools for the instruction of the poor arc yearly increasing, and recently we have witnessed with pleasure the forma- tion of two institutions for diffusing a taste for Litera- ture and Science—most cordially do I cheer my countrymen on in their spirited career. There re- mains, however, a subject to which I would gladly attract attention as of paramount importance, but aware, of my own insufficiency, I would wish that the task should devolve on you, Sir, to give in its regard an impulse to the public mind; I mean the defective state of our roads and their paucity you lately enu- merated several vallies in this county which are, to this day, scarcely accessible even on horseback; this must be notorious to many of your readers, and a glance at the map will convince others of the correct- ness of your statement. I have frequently heard the condition of these rugged paths made a topic of merriment, but to any thinking man it must be a source of mortification" ludentis speciem dabit, at torquebitur,A statistical survey of Glamorgan would present a deplorable account of the numerous parishes in which a cart has not yet made its debut: to such a state of things, a rude agriculture, a poor and unenlightened population must be the inevitable consequence. Any one arriving in Wales from the counties beyond its eastern boundary, is forcibly struck, as he passes the border into a country where nature has done so much, and man so little; every Welshman on such an occasion, must feel humiliated by the contrast of the skill and industry displayed before his eyes in the places lie has just quitted, with their absence as he approaches his home; he seems in crossing the limit, to have stepped into the last cen- tury, or, I fear, into the one before that: these truths sound unpleasant to my own car, as I am sure they must to yours, but if national vanity forbid us to acknowledge them, there is an end to all hope of amendment, and we shall be acting with the greatest possible hostility to our native land: I have never addressed myself personally to any individual on this subject without meeting a complete concurrence of opinion; but strange to say there still continues collective apathy, there is no aggregate exertion, no systematic plan of operation organized to carry into effect what all singly commend; it is time that <1 commencement were made, there is much virtue in a good beginning, "dimidium facti." -In every stand- ard work on political economy, the utility of roads holds a prominent station as a main source from whence wealth and civilization emanate, but there is lamenta- ble evidence that this doctrine has,not yet found due consideration in Glamorgan, a county blessed by Providence with vast resources, locked up for walit of lacilities of conveyance, where communication between even contiguous districts is debarred, and where the great supply of agricultural produce con- sumed in its numerous works is consequently derived from other counties. It is a common remark, that one may judge of a man's character by an inspection of the library he has selected it is to be hoped that the same principle is not maintained with respect to the intellectual condition of a country from the state of its roads. When we look around us and observe the rapid advancement actually in progress in other places towards improved locomotion, and are told of exer- tions made where the natural advantages for road- making are few, which with us are abundant, we cannot but feel astonishment that movement is here deferred, that we make no attempt to proceed pari passu with the activity of the times; how often an heard complaints, from commercial travellers espe- cially, of the want of public conveyances and of the dilficulty'of traversing v-ountry; in its larger portion, that which lies to the north of the road running from Rumney bridge to Pontardylais, his best conveyance will be a thick pair of shoes. Many of the large estates in this county are held by absentee proprietors, some of whom never see the land from which they derive 'such considerable incomes. It has been said, I know not how correctly, that the reason assigned by some of them for their absence, is the badness of the roads; if this be the cause which de- ters them from conferring the occasional advantage of their presence, is it not time to remove it This is a subject which not only concerns the landowner, but is one in which every tradesmvin has a personal in- terest, let it then be recomuVended to the earnest consideration of the respectable inhabitants, let us hope that meetings niay be held; it is a subject worthy of the deliberation of any assemblage of men, it is one which has occupied the minds of the most illustrious anving mankind,—committees should be appointed, funds raised, and the aid of Government solicited for no portion of these Dominions requires it more or deserves it better than the Principally, a country distinguished fOl' the peaceable demeanor of its inhabitants—a country guiltless of pensions, and where placeman are unknown, but the rays of patron- age never cheer its mountains, whilst grants for public works are constantly conceded to the demands of other countries, Wales asks for nothing and gets nothing. As to tlie great Holyhead road we are in- debted for that to the zeal of the li-is.i members but we have yet to see the day when there will be an intercourse by public conveyance between South and North Wales, the present state of tiie roads will not admit of it. Merthyr, where arc the greatest iron works in the world, is thirty miles distant from Swansea, where eleven twelfths of the copper of this Kingdom is maiiuiactured strangers would naturally conclude that the communication between points so distinguished and so proximate, was facilitated by the best of turnpike-roads; but unhappily, so far is this from being the case, that until the last summer, a letter from one of those said towns to the other made a circuit of seventy miles! and now that a mail has been it is found impracticable to continue it from the bad state of tole road. Do these facts redound to our credit or do they proclaim our su- pineness'? Various are the reasons which from time to time I have heard assigned for the backwardness of Wales, but I have never considered them anything more than the branches which would all disappear if the parent stem were once removed—this tree of evil is the want of roads, eradicate that, and improve- ment in the cultivation both of the population and the land would follow, and we shall no longel. be de- signated as a paralyzed limb of the Empire"—it is all ignorant libel to assert that there is a deficiency of capacity in the. people, they have never had a fair chance, afford them facility of intercourse, and among the many benefits which would result would be that of rendering education more within their reach, and Wales would take its proper station in contnbdting to the prosperity and honor of these realms in every department. The force of native talent which many of them possess can never surmount the difficulties of their position: a people scattered along vallies in detached dwellings have not the advantages of those congregated in villages, the frequent interchange of thought assists the intellect, schools arc more easily established and roads are therefore the more neces- sary in such localities but here the small freeholder cooped up in a mountain glen, sighs in vain lor the cheap and accessible instruction which men of his station in the North of England bestow on their children. But where and by whom is this Reform to be commenced I If it be regarded as a general mea- sure destined to vivify the Principality at large, the first step snouid De taken in London, where (Parlia- ment being assembled) personal conference between the Welsh Representatives might take place, a society might be formed similar to that which has spread its beneficent influence over the Highlands, should not now be circumscribed to the narrow limits of a solitary charity school, it should embrace a wider range of benevolence; patriotic and intelligent per- sons will rejoice in devising means to raise the cha- racter of their country, reports should be laid before them indicating the places where, in the first instance, roads are most requisite, and a plan arranged for their progressive extension through the country, and thus the stranger, great A, would find her way into the mountains; population would increase, for many cul- tivable acres would be rendered productive. But if the scheme proposed were to regard Glamorgan only, it might issue from our agricultural society; it is analogous to the objects they have in view, the culti- vator of the soil should be furnished with means of transport of his produce on wheels; at present he conveys manure in two little panniers slung on a pony, (tell it not in Norfolk) lime is brought to his fields in a sack 011 aforesaid pony, over many a bog and rugged watercourse, in short," the whole process of carriage is performed 011 the. pack-saddle, which should be packed out of the country. The enterprise is not one of such gigantic dimensions as should inspire terror by its contemplation even into the most oil timid innovator; the whole length of the roads through the vallies lately mentioned by you, together with the links to unite them, across the eminences by which they are separated, amounts to about 70 miles, and at an average cost of t300. per mile, roads of sufficient width for rurat districts might be com- pleted where materials are so plentiful. What a blessing might thus be conferred by an expenditure of twenty thousand pounds. Should this be consi- dered worthy the attention of the Glamorgan agri- cultural society, success would inevitably crown their efforts, the county would respond to their call, a practical benefit of immense magnitude would result. I have to apologize Air Editor, for having thus tres- passed on your kindness, you will not be sorrv that I am at last arrived at the "longce finis charteequc Yl.Ei}UE." I am, yours respectfully, GWLADWR.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE GAZETTE & GUARDIAN. .I' SIR,—Applications having been made to me, to obtain my signature to Petitions for and against the present system of administering justice in this Parish, and mis-statements having been made by the mal- contents, relative to the tax on the Rate-pavers, I request you win allow me to undeceive mv feilow- townsmen on the subject, by inserting the following facts, viz.:— Magistrates Stipend 600 Paid by Furnaces (exclusively) 300 > By Ironmasters, as Rate-payers 225 ] Left to be paid by Parishioners, exclusive of i 75 Iroiiiii.-isters There has been generally an overplus in the Magis- trates box of X20 There are fees, which the Parish would be called 011 to pay under the authorised Table of Fees, and which are not now exacted by Police Magistrates—^150. All persons conversant with our Parish concerns, are aware of the large sums remitted bv other parishes to the workmen in cases of sickness and distress, through the application ot the Police Magistrate, and I have reason to believe that upwards of £100. a year have been saved to this Parish in this way. We, as parishioners, must also be aware that from the Police Magistrate having no interest in the removal of paupers, other parishes are disposed to view more favourably the truth of the causes for these removals, and therefore, four or five appeals annually may be said to be saved, say 6t 11)0. Moreover, the expenses incurred by removing paupers, to distant parishes, are also thus saved— which, from what has been witnessed in my at- tendance at the Vestry Meetings cannot be calcu- lated at less than forty cases in the year, at an average of four pounds to each, say £"16J. The follow ing summary will therefore shew that this mode of Administering Justice, so far from caus- iiii-, all extra expense to the Parish, actually obtains us Justice nearly jcc of expense. Salary Received Overplus,—say S.tviii.t1, iii Fe(-s 150 Remittances from other Parishes upon re- £ 100 presentation of Distress ) Saving in expenses of Removal. I (io Saving in the prevention of Appeals 100 530 t70 which is the whole amount to be contributed by Iron- masters, Parishioners and all. I am, Sir, yours trulv, A MERTHYR TRADESMAN.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE GAZETTE AND GUARDIAN. SIR,—We seldom cast our eyes over a newspaper without seeing some horrid account of women and children burnt to death. IViiyistliis? Men are not burnt to death-the reason is, they arc not foolish enough to wear clothes as combustible as if they were dipped in gunpowder. VV ( never b^ard of our grandmotners being burnt to deatn. I hey wore siiks and stuffs; Were not liable to be turned into a cinder by a spark from the fire, lighted from .op to toe m the process of scaling a letter or converted into a pyramid of flame bv the mere act of looking into a glass over a mantel piece. But now mothers dress themselves in muslins and lr.ee, tneirj }»^nts cottons and cambrics. They mi* well dre,s them m sulphur and nitre, and thrust the squib into the fire at once. The nature of the accidents, too which follow this system of wilful murder are ot the most dreadful kind. No agony of disease no torture ever inflicted by human crueltv is equal to tne infliction whieh tnose volunteers in misery inflict daily upon themselves, in Tue pang of burning auve is the most excruciating the wholeeatalogueol human torments. Yet even this pan»- receives an increase, if possu.e, from its usual circumstances. A beautiful young creature, in the full hev-dav of life and spirits dressed for a ball, or some of those festivities winch are Said to give a double zest to life, stands foi a moment before the (3 0 mirror of the fire-place, to give a last glance at the "■ay dress, or gaver countenaiioe. It is the last glance T d >ed 1 She has forgotten that musiin is inflammable, and that the fire draws its light fabric to the flame; a fold touches the bars; she is instantly wrapt in a hl;!ze! Limbs, hands, head, ad arc in a burst of fire, iler eves glazed-her voice stiffo, frame burning to fragments—her mind a confusion of un- speakable terrors, she 111 vain tries to put down the flame She -scrL!,tllls-Iild rolls on tile ground. S ic still bums until, in this dreadful state, she dies; or, what is perhaps still worse, she is found by some of the inmates of the house, and rescued, half burnt to death, to undergo t:ie applica- tions of new torture, in t;ic snape of nopeiess remedies. Tllc instances of infant deaths in this horrible wav are still iiioi-c frequent, and oftell through tlw excpss of carelessness, the comnion people, when thpy go to drink, darn, or work, leave a child of four years old to watch over three of three, two and one. The first thing that the wretched infants do is to go to the fire, and light papers and other tilings with it, until they succeed in lighting theuiselves, probably too insetting the room on fire, and finishing by burning the house. Now what is the remedy for ail these frightful affairs ? Let the children be sent to the infant schools, they are now to be met with in every quarter of a dense popu- F an(i lation* and THEY OUGHT TO IJR EVERYWHERE; and where they are not, it might well be worth the while of ladies who think that the female head and hands, soul and body, were given for better things than eternal stitching, scandal, drawing butterflies, and shopping, to takecare that they should be—and where they are, to take care that the lower classes should send their wretched infants to them. As to the higher orders, if the love of muslins is incorrigible, which of course it will, Illitil soiiie of the emptiest of the empty, in the name of fashion, pronounce them vulgar, let them at least adopt tile simple expedient of the fire guard. A shilling's worth of brass wire in the front of a grate might save the life oi the loveliest of human beings—a mother, sister, or daughter, more precious than all the contents of all the mines of Golconda, Yet, precious as she is, she is as much exposed to conflagration as if she were a pile of touchwood, or a packet of fulminating mercury. Yet, we speak not to the young and lively, nor to nursery maids, nor to the comnion people. They will take the chance of things to the last, and burn themselves, children, and bouses, while gossamer robes, neglected infants, and wainseots are coiubustiolc. But we speak to the fathers of families, to mothers come to the use of their understanding,and to all those who wish a better fate to their fellow creatures than beingredliced to acinder. We probably ought rather to speak to the Insurance Offices they have a pecuniary and positive interest in averting those sudden demands upon their funds which ensue in case of untimely death. All wearers of the light dra- peries of our day should be marked like the lives of tne unfortunate Irish Clergy, as trebly hazardous;' they, should look to the spread of incombustibility, and urge the propagation of fire guards through the land. ASBESTOS. Merthvr is an exception. We speuW tins to its shame —ED. -1,.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE GAZETTE & GUARDIAN. Sin,-Tlie, legislators of various European States have from time to time essayed, in vain, to frame enactments calculated to prohibit the barbarous and criminal practice of duelling it is said that a King of Prussia issued a decree that if the adversaries sur- vived the contest, both should be hanged; and that a King of Naples made a law to visit the peaceable witnesses of an altercation which terminated in combat, with the most severe penalties, through the persuasion that in general, valour becomes mitigated at the departure of an audience. Any person proved to have had previous knowledge, or even strong sus- picion of such a breach of the peace about to ensue, and omitting to give timely notice to a magistrate with a view to its prevention should be amenable to legal punishment. Tnere are however, various opinions entertained with respect to the absolute suppression of the evil, which I will not attempt to discuss, I will merely observe these encounters are far from being a test of courage, for they have taken place between as great cowards as ever quaked, and have been declined by men of proved heroism. But I always lament to see any notices of duels inserted in newspapers; many coxcombs for the sake of the temporary importance bestowed on them by this notoriety (the only one probably within their reach) would not be loath to get up a tight" as pickpockets do for their purposes, but their mortification would be considerable if the pomp and circumstance of their achievement were passed over in total silence this neglect would of itself operate as a restraint, as these affairs arise so frequently from vanitv. Should Mr Buckingham not persevere in the bill he contemplated, I hope he will, at least, bring one in, by which any direct or indirect allusion made to the fact or the parties en- gaged in it, by any publication, should be considered by the stamp olfice, as an advertisement, with the difference only of the duty being augmented teii-fold thus at least, the glory of the belligerents would be made to minister, in some degree, to the good of the state, and they would pay for their whistle. I inn, yours respectfully, 1RENCEUS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE GAZETTE & GUARDIAN. Si R,-As one of the best public organs of commu- nication in the Principality, I beg leave to address you 011 a subject of tiie greatest importance. I en- tertained the hope that the observations recently addressed bv vou, and by others of your contempo- raries to tiled liferent Members of Parliament would have rendered my task unnecessary; but in t.ns, I regret to state, I have been with many other Conser- vatives grievously disappointed. In the present posture of public 1,1 the present state of parties in the House of Commons— every Member of that House must fee. that his ab- sence from his public post, even for o,le (un ess occasioned by illness) cannot be justified. How then are we to account for the absence on the first day of the Session of so many Members, who are know.1) to be sincerely attached to the Established Insti- tutions of their country ? What 1 eason are we to give for the absence on the late divison of the Members for Pembrokeshire, Brecknock, Carmar- then, and otl,.ers ? Tne old Parliamentaiy excuse, I did not expect that a division would take place upon the Address" will not do in these times. The constituents of each member expect, and reasonably expect, that their representatives wi ] dai.y attend to their interests. Let them look to the hst of notices of intended motions, and they will t icre see sufficient to require a most watchful attendance on their parts. I feel confident that the future attendance of the Honorable Members I have alluded to, will render any further appeal, from either you or ine, unnecessary but I doubt not that you wiifadopt the plan resorted to by the editors of other newspapers—that of pu ) is ling in a conspicuous manner, the names of the absentees. In conclusion, I would recommend every Honorable Member to refresh his memory with observations far more impressive and far more eloquent than any my pen can write. In the celebrated speech addressed by Mr Burke to the electors of Bristol, at the dose of the poll, in 177L they will find the following expressions Certainly, Gentlemen, it ought to be the happi- ness and glory of a Representative to live in the. strictest union, the closest correspondence, and the most unreserved communication with his Constituents. Their wishes ought to have great weight with him, their opinion high respect; their business unremitted attention. It is his duty to sacrifice his repose, his pleasures, his satisfaction to theirs; and above all, ever, and in all cases to prefer their interests to his own." I have to apologise for occupying so largo a portion of your valuabte Journal, And am, Sir, Your most obedient servant, A DEMETIAN CONSERVATIVE. Brecon, 9th Feb. 1S36.

LIVERPOOL AND MANCHESTER RAILWAY.—The eighth half-yearly meeting of the shareholders of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company was held on Wednesday, tiie 27th of January, in the Cotton Sale Room, at the Exchange, Liverpool; Charles Lawrence, Esq. in the chair. The report of the Direc- tors for the last six months, which was submitted to the meeting, was highly satisfactory to the share- holders, showing a considerable increase of receipts, and in some important points a positive, and in most a comparative reduction of expenditure. The receipts appear to have been—in the Coaching department otb7,897 19 2 Merchandise department 40,375 15 8 Coal department 3,682 8 8 Total. 117,950 3 6 Tl'ltNIMKE TRUST UONSOLiDATION.-Alr F. Maule moved, in the House of Commons, for leave to bring in a Bili to authorise the consolidation of the trusts in turnpike roads in that part of Great Britain called England. I le, said the country looked to some better svstem respecting turnpike roads than the one now practiced, and it was to meet that expectation and redress the evils complained of, that his Bill was framed. The management of turnpike roads was most expensive at present, their accounts were kept in a most involved manner, and ali the results which might be effected were not produced. To reduce the expense, to simplify the accounts, and to obtain the greatest result possible, were the objects o the measure he proposed to introduce. It was not IllS III- hention to enter into any details of the BIll, as he presumed, from having been before the House so much last Session, that Hon. Members were tolerably well aware of them. He expressed his willingnosa to hear suggestions from all quarters, particularly from country gentlemen; and stated that, as his only anxietv was to make the measure as perfect as pos- sible, he was open to conviction, come from whom it might.

NEW SHERIFFS FOR WALES. (From the Gazette of Feb. 5.) Anglesey-RIchard Lloyd Ed wards,of Monachdu Esq. Breconshire-John Lloyd Vaughan Watkins, of Ponnoyre, Esq. Cardiganshire—George Bowen Jordan Jordan, of Pigeonsford, Esq- Carmarthenshire—Richard Janion Nevill, of Llanelly, Esq. Carnarvonshire—Thomas Parry Jones Parry, of Aberdunant, Esq. Denbighshire—John Robin, of Tany-graig, Esq. Flintshire—Sir John Williams, of Bodlewyddan, Bart. Glamorganshire—Thomas Penrice, of Kilvroug-h, Esq. Merionethshire—John Ellirker Boulcott, of Hendreissa, Esq. Montgoneryshire James Proud Johnson, of Monksfields, Esq. Pembrokeshire—Charles Wheeler Townsend Webb Bowen, of Camrose, Esq. Radnorshire—James Williams Morgan of Treble-hill, Glasbury, Esq. Monmouthshire—George Roole, of Llandogo, Esq. Gloucestershire—Samuel Gist Gist, of Wormin ton-grange, Esq. 0 Herefordshire—Edward Griffiths, of Newcourt Esq.

DEATH of the Hon. Sir THOS. PAKENHA31. G. C. B. ADMIRAL OF THE RED. The demise of this distinguished Officer took place at his seat in Ireland on Tuesday last. The deceased Admiral was son of Thomas Lord Long- ford by Lady Elizabeth, who was made a Countess after his death, and brother to the late Duchess of Wellington. He was certainly one of the most distinguished Officers of the British navy, rema-ik- able for talent, prompt decision, courage and judg- ment. He first went to sea in 1770, in the South- hampton frigate, with Captain Macbride, and in 1774 proceeded to the coast of Guinea with the brave Cornwallis on his return he was appointed acting Lieutenant of the Sphinx, Captain Hunt, and sailed for North America. Early in 177(; General Lord Howe had evacuated Boston, and Lord Cornwallis had airived. It was of the utmost importance that he should be apprised of the cir- cumstance immediately, and Mr Pakenham was intrusted with the despatches of General Clinten and sent in the armed sloop General Gage to Hali- fax which port he reached, having narrowly escaped capture by an American squadron. Admi- ral Shuldam was so pleased with his skill and ability that he instantly made him a Lieutenant in the Greyhound frigate in which he was actively employed and severely vounded. On the return of the Greyhound to England Lord Mnlgrave took Mr Pakenham as Second Lieut, of the Courageuc, from which he was removed to the Europe, Admiral Arbuthnot's flag ship, and proceeded with him to North America. He was soon after made a COIn- mander, appointed to the Victor, and dispatched to the West Indies with the intelligence that Count d' Estaing had arrived on the American coast with a large fleet. On his arrival at Jamaica Captain Pakenham was transferred to the Ruby, Sir Peter Parker's flag ship, and was soon after appointed to the command of the Bristol. He then sailed with Commodore Cornwallis, and fought in those defen- sive actions which covered him with immortal honour. In these engagements Captain Pakenham distinguished himself by his coolness and judgment, for which Sir Peter Parker promoted him to the rank of Post Captain in the San Carlos, a ship taken from the Spaniards. His career was for a time suspended: the wounds he had received in the Greyhound broke out afresh, baffled all medical skill, and forced him to return to England. As soon as he recovered he was appointed to ti e command of the Crescent, of 28 guns, in which he accompanied Admiral Digby to Gibraltar, and thence to Minorca, for the relief of the garrison. He returned in company with the Flora, Captain Williams, and they fell in with two Dutch frigates of guns each which they brought to action. For two hours did Captain Pakenham comend against the superior force, but having lost his mainmast the ship became unmanageable, and lie was forced to strike but Captain Williams, hav- ing reduced his opponent, bore up to the assistance of the Crescent, and prevented the enemy from taking possession of her. Captain Pakenham came home in the Flora, leaving 1113 either killed or wounded out of 198. The Court-Martial came to the unanimous opinion "That the Honourable Captain Pakenham throughout the action behaved with the coolest and ablest judgment, and with the firmest and most determined resolution-that be did not strike till he was totally unable to make the smallest defeiiee and the Court do therefore honourably acquit him. They cannot dismiss him without expressing their admiration of his conduct, wherein he manifested the skill of an able and judicious seaman, and the intrepidity of a gallant Officer." Captain Pakenham was appointed to the Minerva in the Channel Heet, under Lord Howe, and continued her until the conclusion of the war. When the trench revolution renewed hos tilmes, Lord Chatham gave Captain Pakenham the command of the litt-incible, of 74 guns, and in the complete defeat given tothe enemy on the 1st of June he bore a distinguished part. He was mr ticularly mentioned by Lord Howe, and received a medal. Lord Chatham offered him his choice of the captured ships and he chose the Juste, the one he had himselt taken la n95 he a Colone! ot Marines and served under Admirals Waldegrave, Cornwallis, end'Allan Gardner In 1799 he was advanced to the rank of Rear-4dm; ral, in 1804 to that of Vice-Adiniral, 181;) to th I of Admiral, and in 1820 was created a Grand Cross of the Bath.

rU 1110 it rs too of his lie%v' sense ol the value ol flogging, have reached this country, and his Constituents, who from personal circumstances Perhaps, are peculiarly sensitive oil this point, liave already announced their intent of ask- Ing the gallant Disciplinarian some rather close questions on the present state of his Motions of the cat-o'nme-tails. We must acknowledge thitt we cannot weep at all this. We strangely conceive that Colonel Evans will gain as few breathes in the cause of Queen Christina and liberty, as he has gained in the cause of the "overeion people, and the annual Parliament. 1 be it. If we regret that the blood of English- 1,1 el should be shed in this base quarrel, we also remember that it is the blood of despera- does, who have perilled themselves simply for "hdt tikey can get; who fight, not for principle, but for pay and plunder, and who, diíïering id "othing from highway men, would probably be loading our gadls and convict ships, if they \tere not helping such heroes as the Colonel, to gather such laurels as he gathers, in a foreign laud.