The Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette and Merthyr Guardian

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. CARDIFF. FOREIGV REPORTED hWARD. The Queen Victoria, Hutchinson, and the Manlius, Hude, from Quebec, with timber, &c.; the Mejuffer Frcsina, Potjer, and the Gesina, Postema, from Amsterdam, and the De Anje, Bok, from Dordt, in ballast. FOREIGN ENTERED OUTWARDS.— The Grati- tude, Lloyd, and the De Anje, Bok. for Dordt the Idas, Potts, for Frieste the John Hendrick, Wever, the Mejuffer Iresina, Potjer, and the Margaretha, Gurt, for Rotterdam the Gesina, Potema, for Amsterdam and the Wetherall, Hicks, for Malta. FOREIGN CLEARED OUT.—The William Alex- ander, Howes, for Messina, with coals. COASTERS IN WAtlTJS. The Klizabeth, Backer, and the Charles, Carter, from Bristol, with oats the Ariel, Sparks, from Portsmouth, with spars; the Royal George, Davies, from Newry, the Golden Fleece, MillS; from Cork, the Messenger, from Waterford, the Pride, Rogers, the Bute, Walters, the William, Thomas, and the William, Carter, from Bristol, the Friends, Bryant, aud the John George, Gulliford, from Bridgewater, with sundries; the Victoria, Harris from Weston, with potatoes; the Thomas, Skinner, and the Mary, Bowen, from New- port, with iron; the Couniy of Cork, Jones, from Newry, und the Ardent, Doddin, frOIll London, with timber the June, Cook, from Sydney, with stones the Cambria, Matthews, from Neath, and the Lady, Webber,,from Bristol, with deals and Veitis, O%vei), from Bridgwater, with sundries; and 13 vessels with iron ore. COASTERS OUTWARDS.—The Carsew, Cundy, for Hayle, the Olive Branch, Scantlebury, for Plymouth, and the Mary, Jones, for Bristol, with sundries; the Maria Eiiza, Evans, for Cork, the Matchless, Corbett, for London, the Wilion, Wilson, for Liver- pool, and the St. Day, Short, for Truro; and 41 vessels with coals. PRESENT RATE OF FKEIGHTS per ton from Cardiff to the following places, with iron :— s. d. s. d s. d. s. d. London.. 13 0 to 0 0 Liverpool 9 6 to 0 0 Hull 14 6 0.0 Newry ..10 0.. 0 0 r;oo1e 16 0.. 0 0 Glasgow. 1:2 0.. 0 0 Dublin ..10 0.. 0 0 For tin, ]5. per ton more than the above rates. FOREIGN PORTS. S> d" R. d. Rotterdam 0 Oporto 15 0 Amsterdam ••••20 0 NEWPORT. ARRIVF-D-—The William and Mary, from Bristol, with iron the Arab, Richards, from Pen- zance, with tin; the Gannet, James, from Bridge- water, with potatoes and hay; the Christianna, IN,aliel-s' r,-orn LoOe, %vitik beaiir the Nl'illiaiii,Collitis, from Cardiff, with bark; the Mary, Hopgood, and the Three Sisters, Dingley, from Bridgewater, with bricks; the S" ir, Hiscox, from Chepstow, and the Friendship, G'vier, from Bristol, with flour; the King David, Bailey, from Bristol, "ith powder; the Julia, West, from Chepstow, with cinders; the Caerleo", Head ford, the Industry, Merit, and the Mary, Burneil, from Bridgewater, the Elizabeth, Prewitt, from Biistol, and the Friends, David, from Chepstow, wllh hay;, the John and Mary, Mulloney, from Dungarvon, with cows, sheep, and Jlig; the Victoria, Coffey, and the William, Brinsnieud, from Youghal, with cattle; the Jane and Mary Ann, Pritchard, from Cork, with cows, calves, and horses; Ihe Hope, Burdge, and the Charles, Howe, from Bridgewater, with flour and malt; the Atlantic, Jones, from New Quay, wiiU butler; the Marvell' Jones, from Bristol, with tar and piich; the Sarah, White, from Gloucester, with freestone; the Bee, Rhymer, from Chepstow, with malt; the William, Smith, from Lydney, with metal; the Minervaj Brinkolùf, from Gloucester, with tar; the Eliza- beth, Evillip, and the Mervina, Roberts, from Port- madoc, withslates; the Merlin, Ilam, from Bideford, and the Little Queen, Marks, from Youghal, with oats; the Sampson, Bryant, from Bridgewater, with hay and apples; the George, Tamplin, the Bristol Packet, Prewitt, the tannv, Johns, the Turtle, Oxland, the Bristol Packet, Tivcrs, the Moderator, CIFAtwortliy, The Mary, Gaiuey, the Robert, Clam- pUt, and the Ficdegar, Johns, from Bristol, the Thomas, S. Reeves, lt,iilc,v, and the Marshall, Berch, from Loudon, and the Pacific, Willi.,nis, from Liver- pool, all with sundries; tlie Merit, Bull, and the Dolphin, Fry, from Iiti1ol, the William and Ann, Polton, the Ann and Emma, Hicks, the Ringer, Dobson, and the Fancy, Pill, jVoiu Fowey,°the Union, Evans, and the Mercury, Lewis, from Barrow, and the John and Joseph, Northmore, from Ply 1 mouth, all with iron ore the Caroline, Richards, and the Porth, Berry, from Pads'ow, with iron. SATI,E[). -r!)c Perseverance, Jones, for Youghal with the James Gibson, Stewart, for Naples, with iron and coal the Neptune, Sharinan, for Bridgewater, with timber; the Swift, Hiscox, for Chepstow, with metal the Fanny, Johns, for Bristol, with iron and gas pipes the George, Tamplin, for Bristol, with tin and beer; the Moderator, Clat- worthy, for Bristol, with tin plates; the Ann, Pearse, for Mes-una, with coal the Creseut, Phillips, for Newcastle, with iron and tram plates; the Provi) deuce, Wat kins, for Dut>li", "h iron aud carboys; the Daniel O'Cunnell, Carr, for Wexford, with tin plates; the Jane and Mary, Jackon, for Gloucester, with wool and iron; the Gainey, the Bristol Packet, Prewitt, and the Bristol Packet, Tivers, for Bristol, iron and tin plates; the Elizabeth, Dunning, for Bridport, with bricks and iron; the Polly, Robinson, the Swift, Hill, the Eliza, Evans, and the Mercury, Le\Vi for Liverpool, the John, Badnon, the Defiance, Hunt, the Turtle, Oxland, the Dolphin, Fry, the Moderator, Williams, the Self Defence, Friars, and the Tredegar, Johns, for Bri»to', the Heroine, Bull, for Salcombe, the Ann, Dowcll, aud Charles, Howe, for Bridgewater, the Gratitude, Richards, and the Kate, Richards, for Dublin, the Priuce>s lloyal, Jenkins, and the William, Torrance, for Renfrew, the X<-uia, Divis, for Runeorn,the Celia, Carnow, for Penzance, the Thomas, Skinner, for Drogheda, the Urwiu, Anderson, for London, the Mary, Bowen, for Cardiff, and the Bello.ia, Tyrer, fJr Newcastle, all with iron. NEWPORT FOREIGN SHIPPING LIST. (From the Mercantile Presentment.) ESTERED OUT.-Tlle J,nnes Gibson, Stewart, for Naples the Ann, Pearse, for Messina the Industry, Stindt, for Bremen; and the Ellen, Shodwick, tor Constantinople. SAILED.—The James Gibson, Stewart, for Naples and the Ann, Pearse, for Messina; 199 vessels cleared from this port in the week. Quebec, Sep. lgdi. — Arrived, the Economist, Smith, and ihe Resource, Cornei. Messina, Sept. Sth. Arrived, the Dartmouth, Ghws. Si-pt. Qih, The Joseph and Ann, Rowc,-— all from Ncwport. COAL SIUFPED COATWlgg rcxciiPT TO IRELAND. Tons. Newport Coal Co 4S2 «». I'. Hanson W. and R. Thomas R. Welsh 4di) Ann Bees and Co.' 17-2 Tredegar Coal Co 438 John Corner, and Co. 02 James Poole, J 1 10 I. C. Giddy (JO COAL SHIPPED COASTWISE TO lltK.LVVD. Newport Coal Co 4108 J. F. Hanson 47~> II. Welsh 205 Tredegar Coal (o 95 John Corner, and Co 100 Monmouthshire Iron and Coal Co. 70 NEATH. CLKMIRD OuTWAnns.— The Chnrles Phillips, llutchings, for Newport; the Albion, Shilstoae, the Pi iuces Charlotte, Ilaydon, the Endeavour, Rowling the Mary, Parker, and the Richard, Carlile, for Exeter the lIoniton Packet, Clarke, the Lyme the Cittlierine, Stili, the Lady Harvey, Wilson, the 1 Uree Sisters, Dix, and the Thomas Protheroe, Fowler, for Plymouth; the Victoria, Sket,telberrv, and the Hercules, Harries, for Youg- fiall the Wren, V\ alker,^for Bideforri the Mor- welham, Coleman, for niidgewater the Two Brothers, Wbcaton, for Teigumouth the Brisk, Harding, and the Auspicious, Lovering, for St. Ives the Linnet, Lewis, and the Rachcl, Evans, for New- quay the Si. Stephens, Moyses, for Padstow the Cardiff, Howell, for Aberthaw; the Dora, Ilo ssiter, for Itoss the Adonia, Hughes, the Margaret, Mof- fatt, the Friends, Wheaton, and the Apollo, Wil for Cork; the Gandiana, Yule, for Limerick; the New Felicity, Hopkins, for Dartmouth; the William and Amilia, Smith, and the Richard and Jane, I-lockeii, for fowey. SWANSEA. ARRIVALS.—Oct. 3rd, the Squirrel, Lewis from Cardigan, the Alary and Margaret, from Dublin, the Newton, Tatum, aud the Charlotte, Lovering from Bidetord, in ballast the Gallant, Climore, from Fowey, the Bee, Owens, frotn Aberyst- with, the Rambler, Wall, and the Kcrrcsfort, Kem, from Wicklow, and the Swan, Green, from Truro, with copper ore; the William, Pearse, form Lid- ney, with stones.—Oct. 4th, the Agenora, lhwk, and the Sally, Plug-, from St. Ives, the Dasher, Rosser, from Portreath, the Friends, Fry, from Fal- mouth, the Princess of Wales Smith, from Truro, the Cobrero, Darling, and the Jolin Hardy, Watson, flom Cuba, the Lavenia, Guswell, from Plymouth, and the fhoeuis, Thomas, fiom Hayle, with copper ore; the Sarah, Lewis, the Rose, Jenkins, the Bristol, Jones, and the Pal merston, Bailey, from Bristol, the Iris, Prcst, and the Taplow, Chalk, from London, with sundries; the Swan, Thomas, and the Magnet' Williams, from Bidcford, the William and S=ally! French, fiom Waterford, the Lively, Ellis, fiom Falmouth, the Mill Bay, Ruddell, Penzance, the Mary, James, from Youghal, and the Ann, 1101let Bristol, Jones, from Bristol, and the Betsey, Johns, from Aberthaw, with sundries; the Allihics, Cock, front Beerhaven.andthe Gideon, Guswell, from Plymouth, copper ore; and the Pleiades, Lowney, f.om Southampton, in ballast.—Oct. 6th, the Phccnix, Lodge, from Bristol, and (he Eliza, Prosser, from Bridgewater, with sundries; the Tucker, Lowthcr, and the Devonshire, Lowiher, from Ross,in ballast and the Unanimity, Mitchell,from Bridgewater, with from Jersey, with potatoes; the John and i\1!1rv Cox, from Bridgewater, and the Bristol, Jones fro'n Ilfracombe, will, sundries; and the DJher, Uouden, from Bidcford, in ballast. —Oct. Sth, the Hy^cia Lay, from Appledore, and the Alexallder Stewart, Owens, from Cork, in balla«t; ihe Merton, Hopkins' from Truro, the Rosa, Fulcher, and the Proteus' Holm, from Hanimerfnst, the Glangary, Nugent, from Dungarvon, and the \Velling-ton, Pritchard, from Carnarvon, with copper ore; the Looe, Govier from Watchet. and the Eh-auor, Phillips, from Waterford, with sundries; the Harriet, Pulsford, from Porlock! w th flour; and the Thomas, Francis, frou Port- madoc, with slates. IiLANELLY. ARRIVALS. — The Emulous, Sfouf, the Picton. Thomas, from Peuznce, the Penelope, Thomas, the Gleaner, Evans, and the Superb, Harvey, from Swansea, the Ann, Samuel, from St. Ives, and the Ruley, Cook, from London, with copper ore; the Union, Jones, the Fly, Hancocks, and the Industry, Thomas, from Carmarthen the John and Sally, L'ewellyn, the George the Fourth. Gates, and the Nelly, Ree>, from Waterford the Serpeas, Wright, from Wrcxford the Flamingo, Falconer, from Swansca; the Boreas, Ball, from Liverpool, with wheat; the Swan, Hughes, from Neath, will, clay; the Hirriet aud Phcebe, Davies, from Newport, with ron; t he Charles, Marker, from Bristol, with sun- dii.-s; the Uraine, Largement, from Gloucester, and the Unity, Griffiths, from Amlwch, in ballast; the James Samuel, from I'ruro, with copper ore. SAILED.—The Emily, Thomas, for Bristol, with copper; the Mary Kitty, Evans, the Ocean, Stribley, the Sarah Ann, Morgans, and the William and Nancy, G imbs, for St. Ives, the Dove, Handle, for Barn- staple, the Biothers, Jenkins, the John and Sally, Llewellyn, the Susan, Giles, aud the William, Har- vey, for Truro, the Union, Jones, for Aberayron, the George and Jane, Griffiths, for Ross, and the George the Fourth, Gales, for Waterford, all with coal. FOREIGN ENTERED OCTWARDS.—The Lady Rowt-na, Clayton, lor Bombay, aud the Jane, Rowlins, for Naples, with coal.

I t AGRICULTURE è-; COMMERCE. LONDON MARKETS. 11 GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF CORN, per Qnar. I Complltud from the Inspt ctui g' Returns. GENERAL AVERAGE—WEEK ENDING SETT, sstli. 8. (I. Wheat 71 1 Rye 38 i liarley 4J 4 Heans 41 ,f Oats 2S 10 Peas S'J I AGGREGATE AVERAGE OF LAST SIX WECKS, s. rt. R. fl. Wheat 70 10 Rye 41 2 I5;irley 39 1 Beans 43 1 Outs 27 0 l'eas 41 !) I DUTY ON FOREIGN CORN. J (1. R. d. i Wheat 10 8 R*e 8 0 Barley 3 4 Beans. ,r> 0 Oats 6 3 Peas 8 0 CORN LXCHANGE-Tlonday, Sept. 30th. Wheat, Kent and ESSPI, Peas, White, per qr. 36<&3Si perqr (i0.&73* Grey 3Ss iOt Norfolk .r>2-i <5* B.iiU-rs 42< 4.r>i ——- Norfolk 52i 415" B.iiU-rs 42< 4 5!, Sutlolk. 6S, 3ti. -].'{< 't-yr Small. /J* 43s 'iarlt-y 3 1s 3Ss O.its, Potaloe .'Ms Fine -Ills Poland 32< 34s M'"1' 70s Freil 25 s 29 s HA Y MARKETS, Saturday-At per load of 36 Trasses. SMmiFtELD. W HITECH A PEL, 9, 8 8 Coarse heavy L-»w. Course heavy Low- Und Sl iKlow Hay. 80 to 85 land Me-.dow Il.iy 70 to 80 New Meadow Hay ;o to 90 New Meadow Hay 7ll to 95 Useful oi l ditto. 90 to Uj I U>ef»l old ditto S5 to 90 FineUpiand.Meadow FineUplnnd.MeHdow and Rr^ra-s H:iy 9fi to 100 I, nnd Ryegrass Hay 95 lo 100 New Clover Hay go to 1 111 New Clover Hay 8uroll0 Old ditto 110t,) 12<> Old ditto 105 to 130 Oat Straw 40 to 42 Oat Straw 3s t0 42 f Wheat .Straw l0 44 Wheat Straw 43 to -15 t PRICES OF HOPS. Kent Pocksts (1,438) 48i to 5Gs—Fine ditto. 60s to 70j J Choice ditio lo 84s t Last Kent 60; to d.tio grisi to 9 Is. 54, to 60,. S^imiFTFXD Per stone of 8lb» to sink the offal. i v,ee.f "o* 4(1 to 4* 01 10 4s 1,1 1 Porl> 3s 8 to 4? fid to r.s 0.1 Mutton .> 4d to 4; Od to 4.10 Umb..t». Oil to Oi Oil to 0a 0 J t Veal.. 3* 8J to 4s 2d to 5s 8d j J1 ad of Cattle this day. ^ens';3 619 } Calves 23 2 Stieej) and L imbs 0,160 Pigs 4S3 it PRTCHS OF COALS, per Ton. I Walls.>nd—Il- tton's, Lanibtoiraand Stewart's 24s Od to21j 3d [' 'V.lllst'nd- II,lon' Lanibtoiraand Stewart's 24s Od to21j 3d [' Adair's 18. 6 i-fl,)Iywell 20d 6-WYlam 20s 9d—Seymour n<*eS —r.iwnley'a — U.l—s,th Durham ■—s 0.1— Tees 2.Js 3J — liurdoii —< Od—HI., th — a Od. TlRlTISH AND FOREIGN WOOLS—Per lb. BIUT— Hiankut, 9J to 15d—Combing, 15.1 to 19d—PUnnc» ik to I9|.— FLEECE WOOLS —N. and S. D„vvi lionets, Is (id t0p '—Half ls ,!l' t0 ls 7d—Kent. Is 5 to"l« Cd U in ~G,'rina"y, Kteetoral. 3s 9 I to 5- Od—f.owrr ies. J U 4, in 1° « Australian, best, 2, 4.1 to 2s ->d-tNter.or, T—. J—. — Land, clean, 2s 4d lo 2s 9 j. I

LOCAL MARKETS. j BRECON. f Wheat Imp bn.lis 2d to 0 s 0 1. Beef (per lb.) Td.L.OJ "rle-v J*1" I Mutton 6id OJ Oats 4s. 10 1. (Is. Od. I Veal jL n,i Malt 8<l- Oh. 0d. I Pork." f, Od Grey 0.. 0 1. 0 s. 0<t. J Lainb 6A t Oil Fresh butter n,l to Od. SaH butter 12d. toOd..1 ■Skim Cheese 51,1. to Oil. T Bristol] CORN EXCHANGE PerQ'iTr'rf d Per Qnnrter. 1 Wheat, Red 50 o to 72 o Rye 4^6 l't„ 4/ Barter r P ° ° Ueaus. New -1G o to 52 Barley,Gimdmg37 o to 38 o Old.. O o to O I). 0 J0 0 P«««. Hog.. 30 o to 3H Oats Feed. 23 o to 26 o -Boilers.. 44 o to 52 1'olatoe 28 0 to Jj o Mult „ i0 at) j Flour, Fine per sack 280lt,s. 60 o to 62 o ife Seconds 5 1 o to 5ti o U „ „ Tl'i,ds o to 40 o Pollard, per ton 125 o to 130 I Brim o to 105 o ) PRICES CURRENT OF L R V. 1'HEIl Ejl. d. d. d d S't. Crop Hides, per lb. IH0I8 Horse Bolts per lb.. 9iol0* 1 For«:gn Hides ll.l |3 Calf Skins, best 2S 28 |V Liiiln Foreign Mid. 12 13 Calf Skins,common.. 23 20 b Heavy ditto 13 14 Irish Slcins 13 15 J t Lnglnh Hutts n 19 Welsh Skins. 13 21 boreign lintts It 17 Kiv. 14 IS }• Best Hides 11 to Foreign Kips. Peters Common ditto 13 15 burgh, 16 19i Shave.. dillo 11 164 Forci;n Kips, East Shoe ditto -12 13 14 Common ditto H £ IS* Small Seal Skins 17 li> K « Sn nUi°tl '3i Middling ditto 12 lfi K Best Bull ditto l-2i Large <\iUo 12 11 C.jintnon ditto II 1! £ Basils 8 H Horse do. (English).. |2 lo OPFAI" •Velsli ditto II M Foreign Bellies 7 8 i German ditto 13 16 —Shoulders* 8 101 <1 Spanish ditto u 21 Dressing Hide Belliea.. 8 8? V Shaved do. without Shoulders.. 1J lot butts,12s. to 1 (is.Oil. each. CARDIFF. CRUIFF, Sep. 21—Average price of Corn at Cardiff market. for the week ending Sep. 14, 1839:- £ s- <1 I £ s Wheat, per imp. qr. 3 17 6.{ | Ream 2 8 0 2 3 0 Peas.V .Y.V. 0 0 (» 1 s 1 1 0 Mtay, per ton 5 0 0 CARMARTHEN. Wheat, avi.r. per | Malt 9^ 9.1 to 0 0 bll,tul JlOi-toOO Salt Butter, per lb 0 0 0 !» 0 0 0 I Fresh, ditto,^ 1 3 1 7 s 2 i) 0 0 Chee3e, ditto 0 4 0 » COWIIRIDGE. Wheat (imp.b.)10s 0,1. —s 0,1. veai 0. n,i n. ni L 1 52* s;- ?; :nr.S. & £ • a (> p! n"* ?,'] "• Lalll,) 0*. 6.j. t> 7d f t S "T- 'r li f.Tfif ,r -U 0*10 Os l),i l| M il' '"7 n ll""l IW "1 C!lee8e (best) 0s. 0,1. Ox. 7d I Mutton (|»c. lb.) lis, /d. p.. aj.| Cheese (com.)Os. Gd. 0s Od || MERTHYR. II d. j. d.. Pine Flour G fitot) 0 Reef, peril, 0' '(> jfl" Best Seconds .0 0 Mutton 0 7 0 «■ < I!utter,fresh, per lb 1 3 0 0 Lamb.i. 0 7 0 <► ] Ditto, 0 0 a 010 Fowls, per couple 0 0 0 0 i>ork o A ii » o-ks, ditto 3 o 4 o ciHo.se* ,9 °0 I « « MONMOUTII. B Wheat per qr. imp. 7!s. 4d. J Benns K»rley ««. 0«. | Veas .I. J.' H Oats 20a. Su, J i'

NEW MODE OF PRODUCING WROUGHT OR MALLEABLE IRON DIRECT FROM THE ORE. To the Editor of the, Whitehaven Herald. Sia,—My attention has been directed to a sensi- ble and well-written article in the Whitehaven Herald, on a letter of mine to the Editor of the Mining Journal, relative to my plan for the produc- tion of wrought iron direct from the ore, Agreeing with most of the theory of the writer In the Herald, I am at issue with him principally on these two points — 1st. The cost of my process in close vessels; and 2. The eligibility of accomplishing the deoxidation of the iron in reverberating furnaces. First. The extremely expensive apparatus of close retorts" will be found, on examination, to ex- ist more in idea than reality. Where fire-clay is cheap, as it is here, I am of opinion that the whole of the retorting apparatus, sufficient for the produc- tion of 100 tons of iron per week, may be erected for 20001. If this estimate be objected to, I have to re- quest that this part of the discussion be postponed for a short period, when I may be enabled to give the actual cost. I believe that a mill and forge, to manufacture the quantity of iron I have named, is estimated to cost from 60 101. to 8000Z. Now in my datum of 2000/. being the cost of the retorting erec- tions to supply a mill and forge, costing, say 700/ I have estimated the retorts as being erected with separate fire-places, not as being attached to the puddling furnaces (both plans are included in my pecificalion), becllue I conceive that where coal or slack is cheap, as here, the greater inconvenience of separate operations may more than counter- balance the additional costof fuel; but if the "con- tiguous furnace," suggested by the writer in the Herald, be not objectionable, neither would my re- torts, heated with the wasting heat of the puddling furnace; and then the comparison of the two modes would be between the cost of his "contiguous fur- nace" and my retorts. I may here remark, that a party is so erecting re- torts, fuel being a great object in his vicinity, and if he succeed, of which 1 have little doubt, the only fuel consumed will be in the fire-place of the pud- dling fiirn-ce. slack at, say is t. > 2s. per ton (which 1 believe is not much below what it i- obtainable at with you), and common labour, say at 15s. per week, I believe that the "serious addition to the cost of the product, which must greatly limit the extent of the produce," will amount to not more than 12s, per ton on the iron made. I mean, that with separate fite-places, as described in the Min- ing Jonrnal, the cost of preparing the ore, as respects fuel, labour, and wear and tear of retorts, will not exceed 12«.per ton on the iron made. When practice has introduced the economy which so uni- versally attends it, I look upon it, that even thi. moderate all, will be further decreased and we must bear in mind, that the operation of which itis the cost supersedes 1st. Roasting the common ironstone. 2d. Making coke. 3d. Obtaining and breaking limestone. 4th. Erecting tower furnaces and steam engines for the blast. 5th. Heating the blast (if hot blast be employed). 6th. Refining the crude pig iron. Piocesses which, instead of costing 2000L in appa-. ratus, require an outlay of at least five times that sum for the production of the quantity of wrought iron named. I now come to the second part of the subject—the deoxidation in reverbatory furnaces. This mode was the original one, which suggested itself to me when I first commenced my experiments, two years ago. I found* however, that although deooinposiiion of the oxide of iron took place to a certain extent, it was only partlnl, and on learning that my friend Mr John DavveR, of the Brumfotd Iron Works, had not been able to carry into successful operation a patent which he had taken out for this mode, lcou Id scarcely hope to succeed, where a gentleman of great scientinc ability, and possessing many practical ad- vantages in th. command of furnaces on his own premises, had tailed. But, on considering the sub- ject more attentively, I bccaine satisfied of the in- eligibility of any sort of open furnace and although I am not so presumptuous as to maintain tl)at I-stiit- able" reverberating furnaces cannot be invented, I will, if you will bear with me, give my reasons for doubting the probability of any such being con- structed or constructive. The principal advantage of a reverberatory fur- nace is in the application of flame to the heating of materials which it may be deemed desirable to keep from actual contact with the fuel but the heat can only be applied to the upper surface of those materials, consequently to equalise a degree throughout the whole, the mass must bestirred tip, and each pGlrt in succession brought info exposure to the flame. According as the tiiiterial is a better or worse conductor of heat will the mass take a shorter or a longer time in becoming of the tempe- rature required. Now, although metallic iron is a powerful conductor, the oxide is as powerful a non- conductor of heat and, mixed with carbon, a more impenetrable mixture could scarcely be acted upon, and thus, rapidly to heat the mass, it must be continually stirred. By this stirring, the carbon is successively brought intocontact with the oxveen of the atmosphere, and as it can more readily com- bine with it Ilian (familiarly to write) have the the trouble of robbing the iron ore of its oxygen, great portion of the carbon will be consumed, and only such as is protected by the superincumbent mass be left to act on the oxide of iron. But this is not all; for even when some part of the ore is reduced to the metallic state, so great is the affi- nity of heated iron for oxygen, that from the neces- sity of having it so much longer in an open furnace I than on my plan, much of it becomes reoxyded. I doubt not, indeed I know that decomposition will take place to a certain extent; but I do doubt the successful adoption of any mode of thoiouguly de- oxidising the red ores in a reverberatory furnace, so as to bear a comparison with the plan 1 have patented, and for the following reason I 1st. Where the puddling of my prepared ore takes fifteen miuutes, the preparations of raw ore in tile "con,i,,uous," or any othei* reverberatory furnace, will take nt leMt live times that period. 211d, The consumption of rilel for this greater lenslh of time, in open furnaces, will be at least equal to what will be conjointly required for my re- torting and puddling. 3rd. The labour will be greater—the wear and tear as great. 4lh, 1 ii an open furnace, a csflct a proportion .1 of carbon cannot be depended upon- a greatci or less draught, one stir up, more or less, lyill, itiore or less, consume it; if there be too much, the iron will either be a description o! cast iron (as a car- buret) or, if not, in a state of chemical combination, the mechanical mixture will, as is well known to all practical men, irreparably injure the quality—if there be too little, it will be comparatively value- less, from containing so much "cinder," or unde- composej oxide of iron. 5th. When 54 per cent, of iron in blooms has, on my plan, been obtained from the raw ore, not one- half that quantity will be got when reverberatory furnaces are used. 6th. Lastly, and principally, while common, or re,i-sliort iron, must be the result of the mode suggested (if the preceding be correct), dependence can always be placed on the similarity of product where my mode is adopted, from the pro'ection which the close vessels ensure to the exact propor- tioning of their contents; and this exactitude of definite quantity has enabled my plan continuously to produce ir tl, %v Ilicil I am assured is second to none made in this kingdom; indeed, I shall be much surprised if it do not, to a great extent, supersede L the importation of Swedish, and the manufacture of charcoal iron. But, Sir, to condense and recapitulate, all this can only be done in retorts, or other close vessels at least, such is my conscientious, though perhaps vaiii, opinion. As I hope to see Whitehaven a second Mertbyr Tydvil, in this Iron Age, I trust you will not think 1 have trespassed too long on your columns, if this communication be even a feeble mean to such an coll,lolir end. ^our obedient servant, Fimby, Sept. 21. W. N. CLAY.

NEW MODE OF PRODUCING WROUGHT OR MALLEABLE IRON DIn ECT FROM THE ORE. (From the Whitehaven Herald.) Iron is undoubtedly the most valuable of all the metals, and, excepting coal, it is the most important of the mineral productions of Britain. It is, doubt- less the great abundance of coal and iron which gives and which will secure, to ihis country its pre- ponderating influence in manufactures and the arts, and the manufacture of iron is of the very m,.st im- portance in a national point of view—hence we have always been disposed to greet the discoverer or in- troducer of any important improvement in that manufacture, as a benefactor of his country. It was under these impressions that we communicated to our readers copious details respecting the intro- duction of the hot blast and or antliracito coal, dis- coveries which have proved the means of greatly in- creasing the production of this valuable commodity in our country, at a time when the unprecedented increase in the consumption of the article in all parts of the world would, without these improve- ments, have occasioned a serious scarcity, or a very injurious advance in priee. The slIpply has by these means been brought up to meet the very un- usual demand, at prices moderate to the consumer, yet highly remunerative to the manufacturer. It was under these impressions we were induced to transfer Mr. Clay's letter from the Mining Journal to our columti, and witliotit any personal acquaint- ance with thit gentleman, or any previous know- ledge whatever of his patent, we introduced the sub- ject to the rotice of our readers, suggesting what appeared to us, and what we still believe to be, a practical and economical improvement in the ope- ration and the apparatus but of this hereafter, as Mr. Clay reqiests. In the meantime we give Mr. Clay's animalversions on those remarks, and re-assert our conviction of the vast importance of the operation af a direct de-oxidation of the metal, and of the prcbability of its successful application introducing nost important and extensive branches of iron manufacture into this neighbourhood, where the purest oxide of iron is found underneath lime- stone in unlinited quantity, almost in immediate eontact with ihe coal. It is our dliberate opinion that every iiventor of important improvements in arts and manufactures is entitled to liberal compen- sation and whilst patents seem to be the only means of securing (lis, it is far from our wish to encou- rage any infringement. We should therefore, like to see a copy of the specification of Ilr. Clay's pa- tent. It will be recollected that by adopting the hot blast, the illinuractitrers have been eliabled, in the same furnaces, with but a trifling increase in the consumption of fuel, to produce nearly double the quantity of iron; yet, it is our firm conviction, that where this new process of reducing the red ore is properly brought into operation, it will prove of Vast I v greater n!portance to t tie iron trade, than the united benefits of the hot blast, and of anthracite coal. It %viL',Ioubtless ititrodtice a puterqiiality ol' iron, and that at a considerable reduction in price, which, amoegst many national benefits, w4ll mate- rially tend to accelerate the ramification of rail- ways throughout the empire.

A HIXT toit FARMERS.—In South Lancashire we hive seen adopted, with success, a mode of sav ing corn in unsettled weather that we recommend to our farming reader*, his this:—After the corn has been C!1 for ibuat C week, and goi weathered to take the shocks carefully together, aud to make he sheaves into a small shock, containing about a quarter of an acre of corn Pilch, with heads all en- closed, and the bottoms of the sheaves outside, running Ihe link shock up to a point at the top, and aiid covering the lop with the raking of the corn field, so as to protect it acaiust rain. This practice has prevailed if* l' "hem parts of Scotland for some years, and found extremely useful in wet seasons. A stack or aut of this kind, a« it is called in Scotland, niay stand for a mofith, even in bad weather, withoi't injury to the corn, and will be ready to carry to th stiick-yard as soon as the weather becouics favourable. Care should be taken to prevent the shedding of the grain. There i< to prev elit aut ,ic)fl lv"iicll may be adopted with ad- jillothel. pree vantage in years like 'he present one, when corn is often put damp iiic) tile stack. It is to construct the corn stack with a free pas-age for air at the bottom of the stack, with a flnncl flom bottom to top, thereby to allow the moisture to evaporate after the corn is put together. I he funnel is easily made by placing a narrow sack, filled with chaff, or any light substance in the cefl1'e °f the stack and building the sheaves around it (the bottom part of the sheaf be- iog to wards the funnel, and tt>n corn inside the stack), till they come ncariy to the top of the sack, and then pulling op the lIack and continuing to elevate it from ,ill *;tack I time to time, till l'i0 stack is complete, and the sack withdrawn—thus ^a*,nS a chimney atl the way up for evaporation- %Vc kno% fLit,niel.s,,Ilollave adopted this method for ycaiB in all seasons, and who declare that they never had a fcheaf of grain injured in the stack. In general this precaution is perhaps unne- cessary, but in harvest seasons it may be adopted with great aJ»'a"taKe- thatching the stack, care must be taken to leave a small opening at the top for the warm p.ir and moisture to escape.—Leeds Mer- cury. TREATMTNT OF HoftsEs ox A JOURNBY.—Va- rious opinions exist as to the best divisions of the stages which a hoi so should be ridden or driven when performing a l°ng journey. This must, in some degree, be regulated by his condition. If be is fit to go, with a journey of 150 miles to perform, and three days to do it in, I should divide the distan- ces into 25 miles each, or as near as the accommo- dation on the road would permit, starting, especially in the summer tin' early in ih0 morning, and per- forming the first 25 in.'les before breakfast. This enables YOIl to have your horse well dressed, nnd to afford him three or fonr hours' rest; and ii he will eat two quarterns of oats and a quartern of beans (which should be divided into two feeds) he will not take much harm. A moderate quantity of water must be given; at the same time it must be observed that too much will cause most horses to scour, and likewise to sweat more profusely; there- fore the less he has in reason the better till his day's work is completed, when he should have as much as he is inclined to take. Gruel is an excel- lent thing, but it is not readily proonred, properly made, on the road it should invariably be boiled, and I prefer it made with wheat flour, as it remains longer on the stomach, and is less relaxing than when made with oatmeal. The usual method or paring what thev call grucl at inns, is to mix oat- meal with warm water, in which state it is decidedly bad its emollient quantity is produced by boiling, and if I cannot procure it in that state, I prefer water.—Old Sporting 3I(iOazlnefor October. CHARLES LAMH'S SEA BATHING—Lamb WAS at one part of Ids life ordered to the sea-side for the benefit of bathing; but not possessing strength of nerve sufficient to throw himself into tho water, he fleoesarily yielded his small person up to the dis- cretion of"tw0 men to "plnns0 him." On the first t%vo men to I morning, having prepared for immersion, he placed himself, not without trepidation, between these huge creatines, meaning to give the previously re- quisite instructions, which his particular cas& re- quired; but, from the very agitated state he was in, from terror of what he litiglit possibly 1, Qllffer" from a "sea-change" his unfortunate impediment of speech became greater than usual; and this in- firmity prevented his directions being as prompt as was necessary. Standing, therefore, with a man at either elbow, he began to be di —i — IPiled. 1 he men answered the JIlstructlon wllh a ready "Yes, sir!" and in they soused him! As soon as he rose, and could regain a portion of his lost breath, lu stammered out as before, I I I -I in to be di —i—h>PQd Another hearty "}"<¡s, sir!" and down he went a second time. Again he rose; 2ind then with a struggle, (to which the men were too much ussd on such oc- casions to heed,) he made an effort for freedom) but not succeeding, lie articulated as at first, I — 1 —I'm to be di—i—ipped"— Yes, sir!" and to the bottom he went again; when Lamb, rising for the third time to the surface, s'louted out in desperate energy O-OQnly 914co Memoirs*

A SlURP L. D.-A woman the other day, having washed her SOli M stockings, was lamenting pitifully 10 her husband how much they had run up, so much so, that it was impossible for the urchin ever to wear them again. What's that mother?" asked the lad, who was standing by. "Why," answered the parent, "the stockings have run up so in the wash, they won't fit thee." c, HUll up, mother, run up!" responded the boy in a tone of surprise, whv if you wash my legs also, won't they run up too then my stockings will fit you know, mother." TAIL-LESS CATS TOR THE QUEEN.—Thomas Howard, Esq., alias "his Grace of Norfolk," last week transmitted to her Majesty, at Windsor Castle, a pair of that very singular species of the feline race peculia" to this Island, the tail-less eal, nud has beerl hououred hy a most courteous letter from Major General Sir Henry Wheatley, G. C. H., by her Majesty's command, communicating her Majesty's gracious acceptance of the kittens so forwarded,— Isle of Man Paper. SPEED RAILWAYS.—A rumour has been cur- rent in the city for the last few days, with respect to an experiment said to have been performed on the Great Western Railway, in regard to speed. The story goes that one oi the drivers, anxious to put to the test certain recent statements on the subject of atmospheric resistance, obtained permission of the engineer.in-chief to run an eugiue and tender at the highest possible speed, through the whole lenglh of the line,—an engagement being entered into that, in the event of any disastrous consequences ensuing to the adventurer, provision should be made for his widow and children; and (hat, a time having b en chosen when the line was quite clear from a'l traffic, the distance of twenty-eight miles was gone over fit the rule of more than one hundred miles an hour! \Ve g-ive the rumour precisely as it reached us we do not vouch for its truth.—Railway Times. TRAVELLING BEFORE BREAKFAST.—A journey, commencing wilh u drive under Primrosc-hill, would have been something to astonish our progenitors but what would they liave thought of it," coupled with a stage, before breakfast, of rather more than a hundred aud eighty miles ? Such was the chance of all who used the early morning train, on ihe Birming- ham line, ns their mode of transit to Douoaster. That train leaves the Enston square at 0 a.m. Tak- ing Piccadilly as the average distance each man would have to come, have seen hint astir, and with all ordinary expedition he would barely (II time fur the start. Now from Euston square, as aforesaid, not a sing-Ie minute, nor a siflglp place, is appropriated for a meal of any kind till you reach Sheffield, a distallce of upwards of I SO :niles.- Sporting fieview. A STROG PULL." -The latest absence of mind ease is that of a sexton, who pulled the parson's IIose instead of thc bell rope. BAD EFfECT OF BoasE BLINKERS.—Among a variety of utlllecessary punishment and 8utfei"ing- endured by that useful animal, the horse, blinkers arc decidedly not the least; it has been discovered lIot only that they are a great annoyance to the animal himself, from their near proximity to the eye, but that from this cause chielly the sight becomes gradually dull and thick, till he is left entirely with- out il. Will, many draft horses they are seldom reo quired at all, and are used more from habit than anything else; but where they are necessary,care should be taken to place them wid apart from the eyes to prevent irritation and pain to these noble but ill-used creatures. All persons who keep horses should give them relief in this respect, as many have properly and kindly clone, in removing the painful and unnecessary bearing rein. FXTLAUSTION OF COAL.—Dr. Buckland, speaking of the consumption of coal, said, the day would come when we shall have used all our coal. He described that not less than a million of tons were wasted every year at Newcastle by the slack, or very small coal, thrown away. lIe recommelllls the following method of converting the small coal into a useable form:—■ With every Ton of slack mix from twenty to forty gallons of water, forty pounds of coal tar, twenty pounds of time powder, two ewt. of dried river mud, then form this compost into bricks. METHOD OF IMTUKG-VATINO WATER WITII IRON.—Placea few pieces of silver coin, olternaling with pieces of sheet-iron, in water. It will soon acquire a chalybeate taste, and a yellowish hue, and in twenty-four hours flakes of oxide of iron will ap- pear. Hence if we replenish with water a vessel in which such pile is placed, after each draught we may have a competent substitute for a chalybeate spring.—■Inventors'' Advocate. NARROW ESCAPE. — As the steam-boat Eric was on the point of leaving the harbour at Erie on Saturday morning, near daylight, one of the hands attempted to pass over the wheel-house. The moment he arrived at the top, and was in the act of stopping on the trap-door which opens upon the wheel, it was opened by same one on the opposite end which precipitated him, bead foremost, to the water, a distant of 91 feet. There was barely room for him to pass between the !oll.r. and one of the buckets,and had he varied six inches in his descent, he would have been dashed upon one, and no doubt instantly killed. As it happened, he reached the water, and came up unharmed. On coming out he very quielly observed, "he wouldn't make another such n Jive for lOi) dollars.lJffal() Commercial A dvsrtiser. DEFINITION OF THE WORD "GENT."—A pent. is an individual of that genus for whose particula. eyes cheap stocks, and flash garments at alarmingU low prices, are ticketed all round Charing Cross- as shooting.jackets for parties who don't know one en 1 of a gun from the other, pilot coats for strpet-g-Olll twells who would indeed be pleasant people in a gale ot wind &c. A gent, is hi- to whotn the a-siduou* Boots proffers a pair ofdirfy slippers, and in which, nothing revolted, the party sits at ease at his tea or brandy and water, exchanging facctiousness with, or extracting conversation from, the waiter. A gent, is the person 10 "holll the coachman doc!lnot even turn to look at, as he says "Chuck down that genCs car pet bag, Bill—come now, be alive !-imparting an added dose of the principle of vitality to the gvdva nised William iu a very surprising manner-th. person whose ofiered cigar the discerning condidate of the four bag probably declines, while he accepts the pinch from a gentleman's civility. There is a tournure about a gent, which there is no mistaking —the superior ease of a gentleman is not the crite- rion, for a gent is consummately at his case in all positions, though some of them are not happily cUoseu,—Blwhwood for May* .f>

HIGH WATER AT BRISTOL. Tide Table.) J I)AY3. mCd^WAmt., Otiuib. 15hurst" jl Morn, liven.j Gate,. Gates. jj OCTOBER. II. m h. m FT. INC. FT. iNn. rf ,a,yv A 9 41 9 54' 25 2 1{ 11 Monihij, 14 |() ,.2 10 32122 9 II f» h Tuesday Oct.la |0 5> [ L ]S %) 6 9 3 Iff jVcilncsday || g.j ,9 0 ? l(, jjlf ,l,luV 0 53 40 1?) 4 8 1 ft 2 34 3 17 21 9 10 (> £ *uul'ly 3 52 4 26 25 4 14 1 {M -=- i

MOON'S AGE. FIRS t' QUklITFit Is, f»h 24ni in the Afternoon.

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