The County Echo

FIELD. AND DAIRY FARMING. WORK FOR MARCH. The month upou which Jve have jusb entered must be looked upon as one of the mosti important) in the farmer's calendar. It is in the majority of cases, perhaps, the month in which changes in farm tenancies take place. But the doings of the month have even a greater interest for the farmer than this fact. March is the month which influences the prospects of the farmer more than any other of the whole twelve. The corn farmer, who entered upon his holding last Michaelmas, will be busily employed with the sowing of the spring crops; Life A,,xiry farmer, who trusts more to grass-land, will have his hands full with the care of his newly- calved cows and their progeny the flock master will be engage:! with his ewes and lambs and the occupier of arable-land, who uses his best fields for the growth of market-garden crops, should also be busy. THE ARABLE PORTION OP THE FARM should firsb receive attention. All kinds of spring corn may ba sown—wheat, barley, oats, beans, anil peas. Wheat, in my opinion, is not likely to answer so well as barley sown at this dale, for it requires a longer time to come to perfection, and it is a mis- take to try to encourage late harvests. Barley sown nOMf. ill, oil the other hand, be likely to yield well, ati(i '-as times go, prove a paying crop, if the sample be a good one. Bean-planting should be at an end soon after these lines appear in print. Spring beans are, unfortunately, a long time in ripening, and, when thev are harvested unusually late, not only is there a Toss attending this particu- lar crop, but the wheat crop which succeeds it is also handicapped. Early sowing is therefore desirable, for by it the chances of a successful crop are much increased. Whilst treating of spring sowings, mention should also be made of the ad- visability of sowing good seed. 1 have no wish to recommend the wares of seedsmen or any other tradesmen who depend upon agriculturists for a living Lili, I cannot help thinking that it would He more to the interest of farmers if they were lore particular in their choice of seeds. Too often weeds are sown with as much care as the corn, for the seeds of both pass through the same drill, and receive the same attention afterwards. Weed- seeds having once been deposited in the soil arii almost sure to give the fanner trouble in future seasons. Another drawback which attends the use of inferior seed is that much of it fails to grow. There are, therefore, many blanks in the field, and these are frequently filled by weeds. On the other hand, seed-corn bought from a seed- merchant occupying a good position is sure to be as clean üs possible it is true of its kind, and nearly avery grain, if well planted, will grow. The price is higher, of course, but against this has to be seb the saving in hoeing, and the greater value of the crop. Clover and mixed grass seeds may also be sowti during the latter part of the month. Before the seed is purchased, the farmer should look for- ward for a couplo of years or so to see whether ib will be to his advantage to keep the field down more than one year or nob. If the former, he should sow seeds of clovers which are not likely to die out after the firslJ year. Permanent grasses should also be sown. If the summer be dry, the early-sown grasses and clovers will stand the best) chanco of surviving the drought. Parsnips should be planted at once; carrots at theend of the month, the position of the rows being ascertained by BOW- ing a little turnip-seed with the carrots. lb will soon sprout, and allow hoeing to "begin before the carrots appear. Vetches should be sown twice during the month, and cabbage-seed may bo sown to provide plants for getting 01111 six weeks hence. Mangel-land should be got forward for sowing next month. Autumn-planted cabbages should have the surface stirred round them, alld thoe in- tend c fol. may be dressed lightly with liitrato of soda. Backward wheat) may be assisted in the same way. Hedging and ditching should be completed during the lirst fortnight, particularly where he fenecs are old. I.I V I; STOCK requires great attention as the days got longer. It is 1101. unusual to see animals of various kinds lose llosli as the spring advances, merely because the owner does not think it neces- sary to improve their diet. This is a mistake. Farm stock should be managed during the winter in such a way that on being turned to glass in May they shall be able to turn their now keep to account' at once. When I hoy have to replace the flesh which has been lost; during the two preceding mont hs, it; stands to reason there is loss chance of their being summered at a piolit. Horses will be fully occupied on the arable land, and shcukl be fed in accordance with the demands made upon them. Young colts, intended for the team, may be broken as opportunity 0 Vers, and attempts are usually ma le with the spring work". DAIlty FARMICKS will now begin to put their cheese-making apparatus together, in order to commence operations at the end of the month. When butter — in cheese-making districts—owing to its abundance, fitli- to .Is. or thereabouts per lb., it is best to make half-skim cheese, which meets with a realy sale during the early part) of the summer. This, at 5d. per pound, will pay better than butter at besides, it will assist in keeping up lihe price of butter, (Jwing to the de- creased output. The dairy cows should be well fed during this and the following month. If the farmer has a field of old grass at his disposal, ho cannot do better than use it for his newly-calved cows, turning them out during the day, and fasten- ing them up at lIihL Young stock should be kept growing. eauing-calves, born in January, will now do with a reduced supply of milk, if it is required for other purposes. The calves dropped after this date are be-if sent to (be butcher, unless they can be properly attended to during the early summer. IN THE POULTRY-YARD, all fowls (adults), not laying, should be sitting. Ducks should also bs in full lay. Geese will, in many cases, be sitting, and turkeys ought to be laying regularly. Ib is the early-hatched chicks which pay best; avery t&re should therefore be taken of thorn,

SOLVAITE.—We cannot allow your letter to appea/r, on the adjudication at Kehoboth Eisteddfod, unless you attacli your name and address.

— — MOURNING CARDS.-A large variety to select fiora, and at Low Prices, a,b the Echo Office, F;-bguard. 11

BWRDD YSGOL 7 YD DEW I. At Glygydd y COUNTV ECHO, 0 SYR,—Wedi gweled Uith Non Con, mae i mi air ato os gwelweh yn ddct ganiatau ychydig ofod. Nid yw Non. Con yn fodd- Ion cydnabod ei anghysohdeb fel un yn proffesu ei fod yn deheu am Ddadgysyllt- iad, fod safle daearyddol yn gwneud dim a'r peth. Ydyw yn sier, gan mae a rhan-, barth o'r deyrnas Brydeinig a elwir Cymru sydd ai gwaedd ac yn deheu am Ddatgys- ylltiad. Nid Cymru fel cenedl yn unig, ond trigolion, neu breswylwyr anghydffur- fiol Cymru a Sir Fynwy, byddent hwy Gymry, Saeson, Gwyddelod. neu uarhyw genedi arall. Gan mae atebiad i'ch gofyn- iad chwi fel ymneillduwr ydoedd, dywedaf eifod yn anghysondeb mwyaf anesgysodol. Pe deuai ymneillduwyr Cymru i gydym- flurfio i gael addysg Fiblaidd yn yr ysgolion dyddiol, dyna fyddai propio y cys'ylltiad anachaidd, a byddai yn ddirywiad i'r cri am Ddadgysylltiad. Dichelldro chwareu- ol ydyw carnesbynio brawddegau. Ai nid ufydd-dod ffyddiog a chrediniol o'r ddys- eL 1 1 geidiaeth Fibiaidd ydyw crefydd Cymru. Chwiliwch yr ysgryfchyran.' Rboddi ar ysgolfeistr, taledig trwy dreth orfodo!, i ddysgu y Bibl i bla,nt! Mewn gwirionedd, gwaeddu ar y L!y wodraefch ■ i ddysgu j crefydd fyddai hyny. Sicr fy mod mor be!! a JNon Con i olygu enwadaeth yn grefydd, eto o'r Bibl y cyfyd yr holl enwadau eu credoau a'Ll gwahanol olygiadau. Teimlaf 0 zn yn ddiolchgar i Non Con am gydnabod nad ydyw yn iawn i wijetid 'cydraddiad o'r Bibl a llyfrau cyffredin, a chydsyniwn hefyd ei fod i'w ddarllen mor ami a llyfrau cyffredin ond yn mha Iefydd y mae i'w ddarllsn ? Na thafler y gem hwn o flaen y ixioct-i.' Nid yw y Bibl i gael ei sathru dan draed. Ewch i'r holl fyd a phre- gethweh yr Efengyl i bob creadur." A ddywed Mr Non Con wrth bregethwyr y Gair i fyned i'r marchriadoedd a'r ifeiriar: i wneud hyny ? Choeliaf fi ddim y dywed ef hyny. Os wrth gadw o'r llefydd hyny y dangosir parch i'r swydd urddasol, oni 'chwanegir parch i bregethu y Gair wrth beidio gwneyd hyny ar y Sabbath, ac ar adegau ereill mewn llefydd rhagbarotoedig. Mae ei le i'r Bibl, ac i'r pregethiad o hono nid ei stv&fio i lefydd ammheus i'w ddiraddio a'i anmharchu. Arferid adrych i f.yny ar y Dwyfol Air fel iiyfr ysbrydol- edig a chysegredig, a'i ban ;iu fel rhodd arbenig Duw i ddyn. Ijlyfr ydyw i'w ddarllen yn fyfyriol. Os yn glywadwy, dysgwylid cael dystawrwydd, onide rhaid fyddai rhoddi heibio darllen. Fy ngred gadarn yw, pe roddid ef fel y myn rhai ei gael yn werslyfr yn yr ysgol ddyddiol, y gwnend y ffwrdd a'r cysegredigrwydd hwn a berthyn i'r Bibl; byddai ei roddi felly yri nwylaw plant i'w gam-drin, ynei wneud yn gydstad a llyfrau cyffredin, o gyfansoddiad a chynwysiad dynal a bydol. Beth pe byddach chwi Non Con yn rhoddi i mi eich rheswm o ba egwyddor yr ymofyn- 'wch gyplysi addysg Fibiaidd a bydol. Gwhahaniaeth niter am yr egwvddor yw fod y Llywodraeth wedi cymeryd at a gorfodi rhieni i ddanfon eu plan t i gaol addysg fydol, ond os wyf yn eich deall, tueddweh chwi i gredu fod claims y plant ar gymdeithas a gwladwriaeth i gyfranu iddynt addysg Fiblaid,4 orfodol, pa un a fydd y rhieni yn caniatau hyny ai peidio, Yr ydwyf mewn ysgrif fiaenorol wedi caniatau gael llyfrau syml, hanesiaefch Fiblaiddyn werslyfr, er dysgu darllen, heb nodiad nac esboniad, ond ni foddlonwch chwi na Monpelier ar hyny. Hhaicl i chwi gael ysgolfeistr taledig o drethoedd y wlad i ddysgu i'r plant egwyddorion Bibl- aidd. Pe caffael hyny, sicr wyf mae'r canlyniad fyddai erledigaeth grefyddol ar rhyw bersonau.—Yr eiddoch, GOHEBYDD. [Yr ydym yn teimlo yn falch wrth weled y cwestiwn uchod yn cael ei drin mor dda. Mae yr hyn sydd dan sylw, sef addysg Fibiaidd yn yr ysgol ddyddiol, yn gwes- tiwn pwysig, ac yr ydym yn credu y bydd ymdrafodaeth o hono, mewn yspryd priodol, yn lies ac yn adeiladaeth i luaws o ddarllenwyr yr Echo. Yr ydym yn gwahodd ereill i ddatgan eu barn.—, Uo] I

7YDDEWI. Cynhaliodd Ysgol Sabbothol Ebenezer a'r canghenau (Rhodiad a Tr?leddidfawr) eu cyfarfod diwylliadol misol, nos Fercher, Chwef. 21ain, yn Ebenezer, o clan lywydd- iaeth y gweinidog, y Parch L. T. Jones. Awd trwy raglen faith mewn canu, adrodd, areithio, &c. Canodd deiliaicl Ysgolion Rhodiad a Treleddidfawr yn wtr soniarus. Hefyd canodd y persnnau caiiiyiiol Mri J. Thomas. Da vies (Hendreynon), L. Owen (Llanveran), a Miss Thomas (Anchorage). Cafodd y gynnulleidfa luosog foddhad Hwyr yn y clatganiad swynol. Aeth Mr! James Williams, James Thomas, a John Owen yn mlaen i ddarllen. emynau am y goreu ar y pryd. Cafwyd areithiau bywio.4 gan Mri T. Owen (Trevadog). a James Williams ar 'Ein hegwyddorion fel Ymneillduwyr." Treiliwyd agos i ddwy avvr o amser mewn cyfarfod gwir hwylus, dyddorol, ac adeiladol. Chwareuwyd ar yr offeryn gan Mr J. Owen (Felyn Isaf), yn fedrus iawn.—Mae cynull- iaclau o'r natur hyn yn foddion effeithiol i dynu allan daientau ieuengctyd i ymarfer eu hunain at yr hyn sydd rinweddol a chamnol- adwy. po-

YSGOL SABBOTHOL CRONLLWYN. (Buddu.ol yno Mawrth 15fed, 1889. Beirniad, y Parch W. Jones, Abergwaun ) Fel Salei-n fyth enwog rhwng bryuiau cjagfidol, Saif Cronllwyn. hofF ein hysgol Sabbathol; A chreigiau o'th amaylch sy'u twyiio fel engyi- Athrofa'r nefydynt i ddysgu'r efengyl O amrhyw eglwysi mae'th ddeiliaid yn dyfod Er,lys,,u'r ieuengclvd yn nghj-fraith y DLi, d)d Gwir addysg ysprydol, diwylli'o'r gym'dogaath Wnaysgol fach Oronllvvyn tnewnpurdebathrawiaefch. Symudol fu'th hanes fel Arch y cyfamod,' Pelydraist fendithion mewn amrhyvv fythynod Yn gywir fynegfys or tywys y bobloedd tlyd tfyrdd aur gwirionedd sy'n arwairi i'r nefoedd Mor anwyl yw cofio y tadau fu'n ffyddlon Yngwylio'fch fab;»ndod,—gwisgasanfc eii c-oron .Cynyddu bo'th ddeiliaid mewn eltif a gwybodaoth, A. choron dy lwyddiant fo'11 gyfrwng acliubiiieth. Tylorstown. PHILLIP REES.

'=:1', 'f DISINFECTION WITH SANITAS." We beg to draw the attention of our readers to the 'Sambas' advertisement in our columns. A searching investigation has recently been made by Dr A..0. Griffiths, F.H.S.E., F.C.S., the well- known Bacteriologist, into Sanitas preparations, which has established the iaet that the Disinfectants should be used in every house, hospital, &c., and also employed in the treatment of infections diseases.

COMING EVENTS. Lecture at Tabor, Dinas, on Wednes- day, March 21st. Sale of 1 imber at Tregwynt Woods, by 0 Mr \Y. George James, on Wednesday, March IJLh, Eisteddfod at Carnedren on Wednesday, March 21st. Eisteddfod at the Temperance Hall, Fishguard, Oil Easter Monday, March 26th 0__

GARDENING FOR MAR C H ^3 Extracts from a Gardener's Diaryl .{ fumigated planb-houses with tobacco; the time is coming now when insects will increase and multiply if neglected. I am also increasing con." siderably the supply of atmospheric moisture, using the syringe freely on fine days, and damping down in the evenings. Potted up more Lily of the Valley and Spiraea japonica. Sponged plants in stove. Started more Gloxinia bulbs, also Achi- menes and Caladiums. Put in cuttings of Euphor- bia jacquiniseflora. This is a grand thing to plant out in a light house; it succeeds well againsb a back wall of forcing-house, if the roof is nob covered with anything. When the wood is well ripened, wreaths of brilliant scarlet flowers, 2 feeb or 3 feet long, will be produced. Tied in young wood in early Peach-house. Moved bedding plants out of orchard-house to cold pits. Unfortunately, I cannot clear the house of these plants yet, the borders being filled up again with plants from a warm house. Brought in another batch of Straw- berry-plants, giving those plants swelling off their fruit liquid-manure at every watering now. Some people dislike using saucers, but they are very useful, if rightly managed; as soon as the fruit approaches ripeness the saucers are taken away, and at other times they are removed if the plants do not require much feed. ing, and, in any case, they should nob be used till the crop of fruit is set. Potted off tri-colour Pelargoniums spring-struck stuff comes in useful for edgings and for small beds there is a freshness about young plants that old ones do nob possess. Pub in cuttings of bedding plants, including Heliotropes, Purple King Verbenas, and varie- gated Pelargonium Manglesi; the last-named is an old favourite with me. Used in association with Verbena Venosa a very effective neutral coloured mass is created. All should be pegged down close till the ground is covered, and then allowed to get up. Took advantage of a fine sunny morning to look over Cucumbers in pit, pinching, top- dressing, and pegging down the shoots. I find !) Several little patches of a disagreeable slimy yellow fungus just working bhrough from the hotbed of leaves below. Gave the spots a good dressing of fresh soot. I do not expect I shall see any more of it; but, if it should appear again, shall use the same remedy. Fresh lime will do as well. Planted Melons in pit, the hills being composed of rather stiffish loam, with just a sprinkle of Clay's manure only one plant is set in each light. The plants have beezi stopped, and four or five shoots are breaking away, and these will be pegged down in the direction of the corners of the light as they grow. Put in more cuttings of Fuchsias. Sowed Capsicums and Chillies. Made a new plantation of Rhubard dividing the roots, so thab each retains throe strong crowns planting 4 feet apart. I want this plantation chiefly for forcing. The early Rhubarb in the open, which has been pro- tected with pots, is moving, and will succeed the last, lob in the Mushroom-house. Covered tivo lotic, rows of Soakale with burnt earth, in the form of a ridge about a foot high; this will come on naturally. Put in cubbings of Dahlias. Took advantage, of a fine afternoon to stir up the surface of the open-air Asparagus-beds with a long-toothed rake this lets in the air and sunshmc, and facilitates the growth of the grass by-and-by. Where there is a. con- siderable depth of soil on the beds for blanching the grass a tork is used but care is taken that the crowns are not touched. Made up hotbeds for striking AlterxantheraS, Iresines, and Lobelias; a largo number of these are required, and it is a great saving of labour to dibble them into beds of warm soil in frames, and leave them to harden off in the same position,, without tisitii, a pot or box. Every cutting will root. Made up another Mush- room-bed in (ha house; this is the last I shall make there this season, as, when the weather gets hob, the Mushroouis are often maggobty and use- less. Bods in cool positions come in then. Planted various kinds of herbaceous plants, including Sweet Williams. Canterbury Bells, and a bank of Foxgloves; the soil works cleanly now. Planted Potatoes. Sowed Parsnips. Earthed up Cab. bages putting a string! of matting loosely round the hearts of those on the early border. Pruned evergreen shrubs, cutting away some which are Vieroaeiiing upon bettor things.

NOTICE. THE GREAT WESTERN OMNIBUS Will leave ishguard at 8.25 a.m. during the winter mouths, ca;iingat Eatbersbon at 9.10 a.m., and Eord at 9.35 a.m., and arrive at. Haverfordwest in time to'catch the 10.55 a.m. up train. The Return Journey at the usual time DAYID RICHARDS, Proprietor