The Chester Courant and Advertiser for North Wales

WHY WE LOST. A gentleman signing himself' Vice-Chairman of a Welsh County Conservative Association: sends an interesting contribution to the Times on the causes that contributed to the Unionist defeat in East Denbighshire. In the forefront he places the blunder of fighting a Welsh constituency by means of English election agents. Great importance is also attached by this correspondent to the mistake made by the Unionists in sending into the fray speakers who could talk no Welsh, whereas the Radicals flooded the constituency-which is essentially a Welsh-speaking one-with men who could talk and canvass among the miners in the vernacular, The writer proceeds Until the Conservative leaders of North Wales realise that the Welsh language must be utilised as the main channel through which conviction is to be brought home to the minds of Welsh electors, until then will they meet with the reverses which have of late years regularly met their efforts. In South Wales, on the other hand, the Conservative party has always laid very great stress on the utilisation of the Welsh language in political meetings, and Welsh literature, written in a style which the monoglot Welshman can under- stand, has been circulated with most satis- factory results. North Wales must pursue a similar course without delay or greater discomfi- ture still must fall to the share of the Conser- vative party in the northern part of the Princi- pality." It must, of course, be admitted that the Unionist organisation in the division was in a parlous state immediately before the election, and it is poor generalship to wait till a vacancy arises before preparing the electioneer- ing machinery. There is also a good deal of sound commonsense in what the anonymous critic says respecting the linguistic side of the contest. It is a singular anomaly that the party which prides itself on being the party of Progress should be such a laggard in the race of education that the majority of its members have not yet taken the trouble to acquire the English language. Yet it is a factor to be reckoned all the same, and so long as Welsh- men will remain in their monoglot ignorance so long the Unionist workers must endeavour to reach them through the only possible channel, their own native language. Another equally 11 _v important consideration is to have local men to manage the election work in every little district, and not leave a populous place to be managed by outsiders called in for the occasion, and who understand neither the language nor the people.

0 A NEW CYCLING DANGER. The Denbigh Rural District Council evidently requires to be taught its duty. The SECRETARY of the Cyclists' Touring Club wrote a courteous letter to that body, requesting that everything possible should be done to see that hedge- Clippings were swept up at the end of each day's work, or before the wind had strewn them all Over the road. The letter likewise reminded wav °un?ll.that under section 72 of the High- pincrg 18 offence to permit hedge-clip- howlvpVTT °n thG r°ad- The ComJl. memh i th° Wh°le affair as a i°ke' the embers laughing outright at the suggestions, and eventually the letter was subjected to the same treatment as the clippings, and left lying on the table. To those who know the havoc that is wrought among pneumatic tyres when riding over hedge-clippings the question has a very serious side, and if the law is as stated by the Club SECRETARY, that body could not do better than make an example of the Denbigh Council, who take their duties in such a flippant spirit. It is just within the bounds of possi- bility, too, that this open neglect of a public duty may recoil on the heads of the inhabitants of that highly-favoured district. Cycling tourists must nowadays bring in a considerable revenue to many rural districts where the roads are tolerable and the scenery attractive. Denbigh is emphatically one of these places. But if the highway authorities there are to cause the roads to be dangerous to riders, they may soon find the district boycotted by wheel- men, to the no small loss of many a country hostelry. The Wirral District Council likewise, we regret to see, adopted an almost equally stubborn attitude, notwithstanding the gallant resistance of the Clerk (Mr. W. H. CHURTON). The cycle-tax bogey has nothing to do with the case. Whether a man has paid his rates and taxes or Hot, he is entitled to the same protection by the law as the gentleman who can pay forty shil- lings in the pound. Thorns strewn over a public road are a distinct nuisance to sheep, dogs, and other animals; they are a fatal peril to cycles, and aB a nuisance .they ought to be removed.

What can have possessed Mr. JAMES TOMKINSON to have sent this extraordinary telegram to the Chester RadicalsLet us hope that in spite of wealth, territorial ascendancy, capital and fashion, the mass of electors are beginning to see through this 'Unionist' combination of Toryism and Chamberlainism?" Is the Willington states. man going to turn against his own self ? We have always regarded Mr. TOMKINSON as a pretty average representative of wealth, terri. torial ascendancy, capital, and-shall we say ?— fashion also.

Residents in Hoole and Newton will be interested in the discussion at Saturday's 70aeeting of the Chester District Council on the long-standing dispute as to the public, right of way at Flookersbrook. Several mem- bers of the District Council seem to feel rather sore that the matter was not dealt with by the Hoole District Council, but Mr. EWING was quite within his rights in raising the question at the District Council as the representative of Newton, where the alleged grievance exists, and not in the Hoole district, although Hoole' people have probably had as much cause for complaint as any others. It is to be hoped the point will now be settled once for all, one way or the other, and that if the Flookersbrook Trustees have the legal power to close the carriage-way in question, care will be taken by the District Council that no such power is exercised over the Ermine-road, which to all appearance is equally under the jurisdiction of the Trustees.

Cestrians will be glad to know that to-morrow another step will be taken towards the purifica- tion of our city water supply. Dr. BauCE Low -a name familiar to all students of the water controversy—along with a colleague on the Local Government Board, will hold the long- anticipated inquiry at the Castle concerning the application for a provisional order to constitute a joint committee to bring the watershed of the Dee above the Weir under the scope of the Rivers Pollution Prevention Acts. It is in the highest degree satisfactory that the inquiry is to be conducted by Dr. BaucE Low, who, after his protracted tour up the Dee, and his minute investigation into all the causes of pollution, knows more about the bearings of the question .than the majority of the natives.

Alderman CHARLES BROWN some months ago "4%do the important discovery that there is a Liberal majority in Chester. So delighted and -8.1itonished is he with this remarkable find, that he trotted it out again at the great ovation at the Radical Club last Thursday. Speaking on that occasion, he said They had a majority of Liberal electors in Chester; yet they returned a Conservative." When the worthy Alderman irat enunciated this proposition, we scarcely <Qew whether or not to take him seriously, and 60 far as humour goes in this degenerate age, it Ja88«d as a tolerable joke the first time we eard it. Now, however, it is beginning to pall, and if the Alderman is anxious to retain his position as a humourist, he ought to invent some other ingenious paradox for the delecta- tion of his faithful followers.

+ Chester is not the only place in the county with a water supply open to suspicion. Accord- ing to a letter which Mr. GEORGE BOWER, of Sutton, Surrey, has written to the Press, things are not quite what they ought to be at Maccles- field. Mr. BOWER was formerly medical officer of health for the borough, so he is thoroughly competent to speak on the subject. He contends that some of the streams running into the various reservoirs from which the town's water supply is taken are immediately liable to pollu- tion from farm houses on their course, and should any cases of typhoid fever occur in the vicinity, and the excreta from such by any chance get into the water, Macclesfield would probably earn the same unenviable notoriety as Maid- stone, and pay a similar terrible penalty for supineness.' The Macclesfield Town Council will be wanting in its duty to the ratepayers if it neglects this grave warning.

CHESTER CATHEDRAL. SERVICE LIST FOR WEEK COMMENCING OCT. 6. WEDNESDAY, OCT. 6TH.—Morning, 8.0: Matins. 10.15 The Litany; hymn 176. Evening. 415: Service, Russell in A anthem. 0 for a closer walk' (Foster). THURSDAY, OCT. 7TH.-Morning, 8.0: Holy Communion. 10.15: Service, Prout in; anthem, Rejoice ye with Jerusalem' (>tainer). Evening, 4.15: Service, Prout in F; anthem,' Plead Thou my cause (Mozart). FRIDAY, OCT. 8TH.-Morning, 8.0: Matins. 10.15: The Litany; hymn 214. Evening, 4.15: Service, Barrow in F; anthem, I Lord for Thy tender mercies' (Farrant). SATURDAY, OCT. 9TH.—Morning, 8.0: Matins. 10.15: Service, Travers in F; anthem, 'Sing praises' (Gounod). Evening, 4.15: Service. Travers in F; anthem. The Lord is my strength' (Smart). SUNDAY. OCT. 10TH (Seventeenth Sunday after Trinity). -Morning. 8.0: Holy Communion. 10.30 Service. Tuckermau in (1; anthem, « Turn thee again' (Attwood)- introit hymn 261 preacher, the Lord Bishop. Evening, 3.30: Service, Bridge in G; anthem, Let the righteous be glad' (G. B. Arnold); hymn 164. 6.30: Magnificat and Nunc Oimittis to Chants; processional hymn, 237; hymns 238, 229, 3U5; preacher, the Rev. Canon Sing, M.A. MONDAY, OCT. 11TH.-Morning, 8.0: Matins. 10.15: Service, Cooke in G; anthem, Come up hither' (Spohr). Evening, 4.15: Service, Cooke in G anthem, Turn Thee unto me' (Boyce). TUESDAY, OCT. 12TH.—Morning, 8 0: Matins. 10.15: Service, Gibbons in F anthem, 'We will rejoice' (Croft). Evening, 4.15: Service, Gibbons in F; anthem, We have heard' (Sullivan).

The Duchess of Westminster arrived at Eaton on Wednesday, and the Duke returned from Scotland on Friday. After a five weeks' stay, the Countess of Carrington and family left Old Colwyn on Monday for London. There is not the least foundation (says the Daily Mail) for the report that Lord Tullibar- dine is engaged to Miss Ramsay, of Banff. The marriage arranged between Mr. R. E. Ll. Richards, of Caerynwch, Dolgelly, and Nesta Mary, elder daughter of Colonel and Mrs. Platt, of Gorddinog, Llanfairfechan, will take place at Christ Church, Llanfairfechan, on Thursday, the 28th inst. Prince and Princess Adolphus of Teck have recently visited Lord and Lady Burton at Glen- quoich, Inverness-shire, and Lord and Lady Hopetoun at Hopetoun House, West Lothian. They are at present visiting the Rev. Sholto and Mrs. Douglas at Douglas Support, Lanark- shire. The Bishop of St. Asaph is suffering from the effects of overwork, and has been ordered to take immediate and complete rest. The Bishop's health has not, it is satisfactory to learn, broken down, but the present step is simply a precautionary measure, which the Bishop's strenuous activity of late has made absolutely necessary. Mr. and Mrs. Gladstone, accompanied by Miss Helen Gladstone, reached Chester from Scotland on Saturday night, and, proceeding by special train to Sandycroft, arrived at Hawarden Castle about 9 o'clock. The right hon. gentleman was somewhat fatigued by the journey, but he and Mrs. Gladstone and the members of the family were present at Hawarden Church service on Sunday morning. The Bishop of Chester has now arranged the dates for the concluding confirmations in his diocese during the present year. During October his lordship visits the training ship Akbar, and the parishes of St. Mary, Eastham, and St. Oswald, Malpas, taking St. Mary's, Halton, and St. John's Chester, in November. The series concludes in December with the administration of the rite of St. Mary's, Astbury, near Congleton; Bowdon Parish Church, St Thomas's Stockport; St. John's, Dukinfield; and St. Thomas's, Hyde. RnrLE VOLUNTEER PRIZE DISTRIBUTION.— Her Grace the Duchess of Westminster has kindly consented to present the prizes to the successful Rifle Volunteers on Wednesday evening, December 8th, in the Music Hall. A grand evening concert will also be given particulars of which will shortly be announced. CHESTER DIOCESAN CONFERENCE. The Chester Diocesan Conference will be held on Wednesday, Oct. 27, and on the morning of the following day. On Wednesday there will, as usual, be a celebration of the Holy Communion at 11.45, and at the afternoon session, in addition to other business, a resolution upon Sunday observance will be moved. There will be an evening session at eight o'clock in the Music Hall, at which the Earl of Selborne, Mr. Geo. Wyndham, M.P., Mr. Duncan Graham, and others will speak on the subject of Church Defence. In the morning of the 28th a resolu- tion about missionary work of the Church will form part of the business. We understand that Mr. J. W. Carter hae been appointed Mayor's auditor for 1898. CHESTER NORTHGATB BREWERY Co., LTD.- The dividend warrants for the half-year's pre- ference dividend to 30th September, of the Chester Northgate Brewery Co., Ltd., were posted to the shareholders on Thursday. ST. MARY'S BAZAAR.—In another column a notice appears of the coming bazaar in Hand- bridge Schools on Friday next, October 8th. Lady Lettice Grosvenor has kindly consented to open the proceedings, and the Mayoress will follow suit on Saturday afternoon. JUBILEJC BELLS FOR MIDDLEWICrr.-In com- memoration of her Majesty's Jubilee new bells have been placed in the tower of Middlewich Parish Church, at a cost of about £500. The dedication service was conducted by the Rev. Canon Blackburne. The set is claimed to be the finest in Cheshire. CHESTER SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ART.—We are informed that this school is now recognised by the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons of Edinburgh, and the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, as an institution where candidates may receive instruction in chemistry, physics, and elemen- tary biology. Candidates, therefore, who intend to take degrees at the colleges named, may qualify for admission to the first examination by attendance at the science classes at the Grosvenor Museum. A similar concession has been granted for some years past by the Royal College of Physicians (London) and Royal College of Surgeons of England. A POPULAR CATHOLIC PRIEST'S DEPARTURE FROM CHESTER.—Cestrians of all sorts and con- ditions will hear with regret that the Rev. Father Abram, curate at St. Werburgh's Catholic Church, Grosvenor Park-road, will in a few days sever his connection with Chester. He has been appointed by Bishop Allen to the larger and more extensive parish of St. Lawrence's, Birkenhead. Father Abram, during the six and a half years that he has laboured in Chester, has endeared himself to everyone with whom he has had dealings, whether Churchman or Nonconformist, while the Catholic fraternity of both parishes feel his departure keenly. A testimonial to his worth and esteem is already in progress. A preliminary meeting of the members of the parish has been held, a strong working committee appointed, and' an encouraging list of subscriptions promised. ILLNESS OF THE REV. P. GiBBow.-His many friends in Chester will be pleased to learn that the Rev. P. Gibbon, who for some years was minister at George-street Primitive Methodist Chapel, and who, has been ill for several weeks, is improving in health, and expects to resume ministerial duties shortly. He is to be succeeded at the Primitive Methodist Church, Jubilee-drive, Liverpool, by the Rev. W. Moore, of Frodsham. THE DEE MUSSEL INDUSTRY.—The Dee mussel beds in Dawpool continues to prove most profitable. Each day last week three wagons were despatched by rail from Connah's Quay, and this represents a considerable quantity of mussels. It is wonderful how the beds are so productive, when it is considered that even larger quantities are taken by the Park gate fishermen, and smaller quantities by Bagillt and Flint fishermen. The average take of each boat is about five bags a tide, which is a fairly-remunerative day's work. The price has reduced since the opening of the season from 3s. per bag to 2s. The mussels are stated to be of the finest quality. DEATH OF A FLINTSHIRE RECTOR.—The Rev. David Morgan, B.D. and J.P., for 24 years rector of Y sceifidg, Flintshire, died on Michael- mas Day at the rectory at the age of 78. A scholar of St. David's College, Lampeter, where he took a First Class in 1840, he was ordained in 1842 to the curacy of Mark, Somer- set, and was subsequently from 1844 to 1857 curate of Holy Trinity, Bristol, and perpetual curate of Nantyglo, when he was presented to the rectory of Aberystruth-with-Abertillery, which he filled till 1873, being also rural dean of Blaenan-Gwent from 1869 to 1873. In the latter year he was presented by the Bishop of Llandaff to the rectory of Ysceifiog, near Holywell, Flintshire. POOLE'S MYRIORAMA. Mr. Joseph Poole's myriorama will visit Chester for a fortnight commencing on Monday, October 11th. The programme this year is a gorgeous one. It comprises a larger number than ever of magnificent views, tableaux, &c., the repre- sentations including scenes in connection with the Turco-Greek and the China-Japanese wars, Derby Day, Venice, Chicago, and others too numerous to mention. Added to these attrac- tions will be performances by Poole's splendid combination of variety artistes, comedians, conjurors, dancers, tight-rope artistes, elocu- tionists, and gymnasts, not to mention an artist who executes oil paintings with his feet in ten minutes, performing cockatoos, and the cinematograph, by which will be pourtrayed the Jubilee procession of June. Truly Poole's myriorama should not be missed. GLEE CLUB.—The eleventh season opened on Tuesday last with a concert. There was a full attendance, under the presidency of Capt. J. B. Hall. The programme was most attractive, the items being as follow — Patriotic part song, Here's life and health to England's Queen;' duet, 'Excelsior,' Messrs. A. Green- wood and J. H. Ditchburn; part song,' Soldier, rest;' song, 'When a little while has flown,' Mr. Walter Davies; folk songs (a) 'Forsaken,' (b) Spin, spin,' the Cathedral Quartet (Messrs. Mill ward, Thornborough, Green- wood, and Ditchburn); humorous song, Mr. Bert Lloyd; part song, The Anvil'; glee, Hours of Beauty;' song, Genevieve,' Mr. J. Kendall; quartet,' Simple Simon,' the Cathedral Quartet; song, 'When all the world is sleeping,' Mr. E. Robinson part song, The Long Day Closes;' humorous song, Mr. Bert Lloyd; part song, To our next merry meeting.' Conductor, Mr. Arthur Millward; pianist, Mr. R. Butterworth. CHESTER INFIRMARY COLLECTIONS. The Secretary of the Chester General Infirmary begs to acknowledge with thanks the receipt of the following church collec- tions X14 19s. Id. from St. Thomas's Church, and zEl 10s. 5d. from the Church of the Good Shepherd, per Mr. T. S. Latham; £ 10 from Aldford Parish Church, per the Ven. Archdeacon Goldwyer-Lewia; £ 7 Os. 4d. and jE2 2s. to the Parkgate Convalescent Home from Eastham Church, per the Rev. W. E. Torr; X6 10s. 9d. from Pulford Church, per the Rev. J. R. Williams; X5 17s. 6d. from Holy Trinity Church, Capenhurst, per the Rev. F. R. B. Pinhorn; X3 3s. from Matthew Henry Unitarian Chapel, per the Rev. H. D. Roberts; X2 7s. from Handley Church, per the Rev. A. F. Ostrehan L2 2s. from Queen's Ferry Primitive Methodist Chapel, per Mr. Thomas Parry; 91 4s. 6d. from Edge Green Mission Room, Malpas, per Miss E. F. YVcflley-Dod 11s. from Crook-street Mission Hall, per Mr. C. C. Bowles X8 9s. 7d. from Christleton Parish Church, per Rev. L. Garnett; £ 7 8s. 9d. from Eccleston Church, per Mr. R. S. Wood; 95 14s. 5d. from St. Mark's Church, Saltney, and 91 9s. 6d. from Mold Junction Mission Church, per Rev. T. P. Dimond Hogg. THE BISHOP OF CHESTER ON WORSHIP.—The Bishop of Chester preached the sermon at the evening anniversary service held in the Swinton Parish Church, on Saturday, his subject being the meaning and ideals of worship. He said worship was by Divine command a duty, and it should be worship of the body as well as of the mind. They should not be led away by the fallacy that it did not matter how they stood or sat when engaged in worship. The body was the temple of the Holy Ghost, and it was not a light and unimportant matter whether they were irreverent or reverent in their bearing and demeanour. When praying let them kneel, and let it be real kneeling, and when they were singing do not let them put their hands in their pockets. He did not mean to imply that those who did so intended to be irreverent, but they would see that good manners, which were good everywhere, were above all good in the Church of God. Anything that helped the worship of the body was to be welcomed, but they must never forget that the body was subservient to the mind and spirit, and that their worship should not be overloaded with bodily forms of gesture and ceremonial. The great aim should be not to make the mistake of running into one extreme or the other. NORTH WALES HORSE SALES AT WREXHAM. great aim should be not to make the mistake of running into one extreme or the other. NORTH WALES HORSE SALES AT WREXHAM. We again call attention to Mr. Frank Lloyd's great October quarterly prize horse sales at Wrexham, which commenced on Tuesday last. The entries are the largest on record, numbering 1,400 horses, and including many of exceptional merit, winners at the leading shows of Great Britain and Ireland. Tuesday's sale was confined to hunters and harness horses, the special feature of the day being the 20 match pairs. Wednesday's sale comprised small horses, show cobs and ponies, including 60 noted prize winners; Thursday's sale, heavy wagon, lurry, and van horses; these will be one of the best lots ever offered at Wrexham. Friday's sale is set apart for young horses and foals of all classes, sired by many of the best shire, hackney, and hunter stallions. The judging has been entrusted to Mr. Hooper Deacon, Swindon; Mr. R. A. King, Ayr; Mr. W. Young, Carlisle; Mr. Jos. Hill, Smethwick Hall; Mr. J. Stuart, Rostherne; Mr. T. Strong, Croxteth Mr. Whalley, Ringway; Mr. Muir- head, Shavington; and Mr. Ball, Frodsham Bridge. The great success attained by these gigantic sales is due to all horses being guaranteed with two days trial, and a great number are warranted sound. The Welsh horses are undoubtedly very hardy, and stand work well, having been bred on the high hills of Wales. The catalogue is most attractive, and can be obtained by sending a post card to Mr. Frank Lloyd, Wrexham. MACCLESFIELD PRIZE CHEESE AND BUTTER FAIR.—The annual prize cheese and butter fair at Macclesfield was held on' Monday. There was a good number of entries, although not so many as last year, in the cheese competition. The judges were Messrs. J. Emberton (Crewe) and F. Bebbington (Manchester). The follow- ing is the prize listBest 20 cheese, over 501b.: 1, Nathan Thompstone, Siddington; 2, James Hague, Walker's Heath Farm, Gaws- worth; 3, James Longden, Crowood Farm, Chelford; 4, William Thompstone, Henshall Hall, Siddington. Best 20 cheese, under 501b. 1, C. E. Thornycroft, Thornycroft Hall; 2, George Slack, Mill House Farm, Bosley; 3, Sarah Lomas, Mill House Farm, Gawsworth. In the class for cheese over 501b. there were one or two lots of excellent quality. In the class for cheese under 501b. in weight there was a larger show, but some of the lots were of indifferent quality. The prime cheese sold at 75s. per cwt., an advance of 15s. per cwt. on the price of first-class cheese a month ago. The other prices were as follow:—Best cheese, 67s. 6d. to 75s. per cwt.; second quality, 60s. to 67s. 6d. per cwt.; and third quality, 50a. to 60s. per cwt. There was a fair number of entries in the butter-making competition. Miss Frost, of Whaley Bridge, was the judge. The follow- ing were the prize-winners :-1, C. E. Thorny- croft, Thornycroft Hall 2, Miss Yarwood, Eaton; 3, Hulme, Hulme Wallfield. In the afternoon the prizes were distributed to the winners by Miss Bromley-Davenport.

MRS. CORNWALLIS WEST. ———*——— On Sunday Colonel and Mrs. Cornwallis West celebrated their silver wedding, a fact it is difficult to credit, as Mrs. West looks so wonderfully young and retains all her bright- ness and her charm of manner. There is not a thread of silver in her bonny brown hair, and though tanned by the sea breezes, her com- plexion is as brilliant and her eyes as bright as they were ten, or even twenty years ago. Having married before she was seventeen, she is still a young woman, enjoying her life to the full. All August she was yachting at Cowes, and lately she has been cub-hunting in Ireland and Wales, taking the stone walla with the spirit and pluck for which so many Irish women have been famed. Mrs. Cornwallis West passed through town on Saturday en route from Wales to Hampshire, and there will be some shooting- parties at Lymington Manor. Miss Cornwallis West is staying with Prince and Princess Henry of Pless in Germany, but all three come to England for Christmas, when there will be festivities at Ruthin Castle, in honour of the silver wedding. The Daily Mail says:— "It is easier to gain a reputation for beauty now than it was in the days of the Misses Gunning; but no beauty of our day, not eveu Lady War- wick nor the Duchess of Leinster and her beautiful sisters, Lady Londonderry and Georgina Lady Dudley, ever attained so world- wide a name and fame on this account as Mrs- Cornwallis West. Twenty years ago photo- graphs of Mrs. Cornwallis West were in all the shop windows, and stories of her sayings and doings-for she was as witty as she was pretty- were not only on every lip, but also freely reported by the Press. Her beauty being com- bined with cleverness and mother-wit, she was one of the most brilliant figures in society, flashing here, there, and everywhere like a bright humming-bird or dragon-fly, with a train of admirers behind her, and carrying brightness wherever she went. She danced like a fairy, and sang like a bird; even now her singing of Irish melodies can delight the most critical assemblage, and both her daughters have inherited this gift. It was the marriage of her eldest daughter to Prince Henry of Pless which first made one realise the flight of time, and now Mrs. Cornwallis West, slim and youthful- looking still, and with all her pristine charm, is celebrating her silver wedding.

CHESTER TRAINING COLLEGE. + CLASS LIST. We append the class list of students of Chester Training College who were examined for certificate July, 1897. An asterisk in the first and second divisions denotes eaual merit:— SECOND YEAR. PART I.—First Division Miller, Armstrong, Chadwick, Holloway, Malin, Wilkinson, Torbitt, Booth, Wood, Jackson, Shone, *Grosvenor and *Profitt, Warburton, Mitchell, *Axson, *Edwards and *Pilkington. "Melson and *Wilson, Hodgkin- son, Ellerton, Brown, Woodall. Second Division *Entwistle, *Keeley and *King, *E. J. Davies, *Lace, *Morris and *Parr, Webster, *Anty and *Minshull, Moser, Worth, Reece, Parkinson, *Blissit and *Bownass, Maddell, Andrew, Raine. Third Division: Jones. PART II.-First Division Malin, Booth, Morris, Jackson, Brown, King, Lace, Wilson, *Axson and *Bownass, Anty, Entwistle. Second Division: Edwards, Ellerton, *Parkinson and *Warburton, *Nelson and *Proffitt, Miller, Wood, Webster, Chadwick, Moser, Worth, Grosvenor, *Hodgkinson and *Shone, Pilkington, Woodall, Blissitt, Maddrell, Mitchell, *Keeley and *Wilkinson, E. J. Davies. Third Division: Andrew, Armstrong, Holloway, Minshull, Parr, Kaine, Reece, Torbitt, Jones. FIRST YEAR. PART I. First division Lloyd, Lightfoot, James. Fielding, *Alcock and *Kennedy, *Car- ruthers, *Cookson, *Dunckley, and *Foxcroft, Lofthouse, Snaith, Armistead, Borland, Fisher, Swift, Harper, Dixon, Tyson, Daintith, Goodwin, *Bone and Camps, Horrocks, Tinniswood. Second division *Arnell and #Hardman, Smith, Collinge, Lowe, *E. B. Thomas and *Walmsley, Denton, Marrison, Tasker, Derbyshire, Shimmin, South- worth, Millward, Mercer, Hindley, Knight, Nelson, F. G. Thomas, Watson, Davies, Gee, Graham, Porter, Field, Witter, Bennett, Morris. Third division nil. PART II.—First division Lightfoot, Carruthers, Fielding, Mercer, Alcock, Tyson, James, Lowe, Fisher, Smith, Kennedy, Bone, Daintith, Porter, E. B. Thomas, Tinniswood, Foxcroft, Goodwin. Matric, London University: Lloyd. Second division Lofthouse, Camps, Dunckley, Marrison, Cookson, Dixon, *Arnell and *Harper, Snaith, Hardman, *Borland and *Graham, !Gee, Collinge, F. G. Thomas, Armistead, Walmsley, Field, Denton. Third division Bennett, Davies, Derby- shire, Hindley, Horrocks, Knight, Millward, Morris, Nelson, Shimmin, Southworth, Swift, Tasker, Watson, and Witter.

A curious situation has arisen at Barmouth. Recently in the High Court judgment was given against the Council and in favour of Mr. Abraham Williams, contractor, forE980, and on Friday, under instructions from the sheriff, a bailiff took possession of the municipal offices.

PUBLIC RIGHTS IN FLOOKERSBROOK. CHESTER DISTRICT COUNCIL TO INTERFERE. On Saturday afternoon, at the Chester Rural District Council meeting, at Chester Town Hall, Mr. C. A. Ewing, in accordance with notice of motion, proposed— That the clerk write to the trustees of the Flookersbrook Improvement Act, 1876, calling their attention to the obstructions, con- sisting of a gate and posts placed across the road within the parish of Newton and leading from Ermine-road past the Old Hall, Flookersbrook, to the Chester and Manchester main roads, the obstructions being an interference with the right- of-way of the public resident in Newton, Chester, and Hoole, over the first-mentioned road, and requesting the trustees to remove the said obstructions. The CLERK (Mr. W. Turnock) stated that Mr. Ewing, in forwarding a copy of his motion, requested him to apply to the clerk of the trustees, asking him to supply a copy of the resolution authorising them to place the gate and posts across the road referred to. He (Mr. Turnock) made this request to Mr. Brown, who replied, I do not feel at liberty without the authority of the trustees to furnish a copy of their resolution, but as an act of courtesy to your Board I will with pleasure produce the resolution you refer to if you take the trouble to call upon me.' On calling at Mr. Brown's office he was allowed to see the resolution entered on the minutes, but could not take a copy. Mr. EWING: Did you notice how many trustees were present at the meeting ? Mr. TURNOCK No. Mr. EWING, in support of his argument that the trustees had no right to deprive the public of their rights by the erection of the barrier, produced the plan referred to in the Flookers- breok Improvement Act, 1876. The 20th section provided that the portions of the lands de- scribed as' ornamental ground 'should be 'held by the trustees for the time being under this Act upon trust for the use and enjoyment of the inhabitants of the said townships of Newton and Hoole, and of the city of Chester, subject to the provisions of this Act.' To section 28 there was this important proviso— That the power hereby granted shall not be exercised so as to subject any owner of ratable property to any further or other deprivation of rights of front- age or road than the alteration of road shewn on the deposited plan necessarily involves." Turning next to the bye-laws drawn up by the trustees themselves, Mr. Ewing pointed out that the following were declared offences rendering the guilty person or persons subject to a penalty for each offence not exceeding JE5 :—" (5) Riding, driving, or running wheeled chairs on or over any part of the grounds except the carriage roads. (6) Permitting any horses, asses, cows, sheep, pigs, or other animals, or any poultry to stray or go upon the grounds or turf, or allowing vehicles to stand or remain upon any part of the roads or grounds for an unreasonable time." The only inference was that at the time the bye- laws were framed itwas intended by the trustees that carriages were to go through. As regarded the barrier itself, it had been put up by one of the trustees, being fitted with a special took, and about half a dozen keys had been provided, presumably for the tenants and certain frontagers in Flookersbrook, but there was nothing at all in the Act saying that the frontagers to any portion were to have any exclusive rights over and above the remainder of the inhabitants of Chester, Hoole, and New- ton. If keys were to be provided for this special lock, they should be furnished not to half a dozen but to 50 or 60 thousand people, composing the entire population of the three places. The CHAIRMAN (Mr. R. T. Richardson) When were these gates put there ? Mr. EWING I should think, to the best of my memory, the present. one barred gate' has been erected within the last twelvemonths. Previous to that there used to be a chain across. Proceeding, he said the barrier was at present generally closed on Tuesdays. Some time ago the clerk of the Hoole District Council (Mr. A. E. Caldecutt), who was a very able authority on these questions, was instructed to go into the whole matter, which he did very carefully, and his opinion was that the barrier ought to be removed. Mr. Samuel Smith also, at a public enquiry held at Hoole a few years ago, made the remark that this was the old King's highway, and was the road for the use of Newton. The CHAIRMAN I should like to know the history of this particular barrier. Mr. EWING said that was exactly what he wanted to know from the clerk to the trustees. He wished to have the resolution authorising the erection of the barrier, and to know who was present at the meeting and how they voted. The CHAIRMAN What was there bSbre this barrier ? Mr. EWING A chain. The CHAIRMAN: For how long ? Mr. EWING I should think six months. The CHAIRMAN said that took them back altogether 18 months. What was the state of things prior to that time ? Mr. EWING said ever since the passing of the Act (that was, from 1876 to 1896) the road was open to the general public. It followed, as a matter of common sense, and he did not think it could be refuted, that if the trustees were justified in erecting this barrier, they had an equal right to stop up the road from the Ermine Hotel to Brook-lane, which the Council had lately adopted, and in fact block up the whole place. The CLERK: Why did not Hoole go on with it, because Hoole has the same powers as we have ? It is part and parcel of the Hoole dis- trict, and why should this Council take up the matter by itself ? Mr. EWING I simply want to shew we have the power. The CLERK: But you did take it up. Why didn't you go on with it ? Mr. EWING I am doing this because I have had so many complaints from property owners and ratepayers in the district. I know we have the power, and I feel it my duty to put it before this Council. Mr. J. DAVIES (Mollington) seconded the resolution, remarking that he thought a con- ference between the authorities interested might have the desired effect. Mr. J. H. DICKSON said in approaching this matter, they had to address themselves to two questions. In the first place, were there any rights of the Rural District Council being infringed by the barrier; and in the second place, had that Council, as a Rural District Council, any jurisdiction to interfere in the matter at all ? The main section on which Mr Ewing based his argument was section 28 of the Flookersbrook Improvement Act, but that section conferred the power of road not upon the general public, but simply upon the owners of ratable property. Mr. J. DAVIES understood the public had had the power of road for twenty years uninter- ruptedly. Mr. DICKSON I beg to differ. Mr. DAVIES: Did they ever stop anybody before ? Mr. DICKSON They have stopped them. There have been gates put on the road. Mr. EWING Since when ? Mr. DICKSON Since the passing of this Act Mr. EWING: Not before the chain to which I referred, or else I am very much mistaken. Mr. DICKSON said he was^ not going te say, without having further knowledge, that the* public had not got some rights over these roads but he did say it was very doubtful if they had The right of road was not reserved to the public in general; it was only to the ratable owners. Upon the second point, he submitted they had no jurisdiction to interfere, because under this Act the whole of the jurisdiction was vested in the trustees, who had powers by sections 29 and 31 to alter and deal with the roads as they should think fit, and they had also the power of making byelaws. If the resolu- tion was adopted, it was only right that they should be prepared to follow it up by action. It was not a correct thing, in bis opinion, for anybody to write in matters of this kind, which they knew would involve a fight, unless they were prepared to go the full length. He should not move an amendment, but would vote against the resolution. The CHAIRMAN: Have you considered the question of the Ermine-road ? Mr. DICKSON Yes, I have, and I see there might be a difficulty there. I think that under the Act they might have power. The CHAIRMAN Your suggestion would be to wait until that happens ? Mr. DICKSON Yes. At the present time that barrier is not doing any harm to Newton. By taking up the cudgels on behalf of Hoele District Council and fighting this matter ont, I main- tain we are doing an injustice to our own constituents. Mr. EWJ»G This barrier is not in the Hoole Council's district; it is in the Newton district. Mr. J. MINSHULL Are these bodies, Newton and Hoole, themselves taking any initiative in the matter ? If not, however much we may wish to prevent any undue interference with the road, it would be just as well if we waited until they moved. The CLERK said the Newton Parish Council had written to them, and this was the outcome. In reply to the Chairman, he gave it as his opinion that the Council had no jurisdiction. Mr. EWING What is your reason for it ? The CLERK: Because section 3 takes up the the public rights in connection with this road, and section 29 gives the trustees the power to fence and enclose in such manner as they think necessary. The CHAIRMAN said the question was a very complicated one, and was not a question for a body like that to decide on. Mr. EWING observed that the barrier would never have been thought of but for the strenuous objection to bicycles on the part of one gentleman resident in the neighbourhood. He maintained that if this barrier was allowed to remain, it would amount to an admission of the right of the trustees to stop up the Ermine- road in a similar manner. It was getting in the thin end of the wedge. Mr. DICKSON urged that if the Council did not intend to fight the question out, they would make themselves ridiculous by passing the resolution. The CHAIRMAN said he would rather the matter went to a tribunal more competent to deal with it. Mr. DAVIES: You mean the County Council ? The CHAIRMAN: Quite so. After further discussion, the resolution was put to the vote, with the following result:— For, Messrs. J. Davies, A. R. Smith, Ewing, Warburton, Rowe Morris, Maddocks, and E. Dean—7. Against, Messrs. Davies (Stoke), Dickson, Minshull, Williams, Richardson, and Carter—6. The resolution was therefore declared carried.

CYCLISTS AND THORNS. ♦ ARE THE HIGHWAY AUTHORITIES LIABLE ? At the meeting of the Highways Committee of the Wirral Rural District Council on Monday, a letter was read from the Cyclists' Touring Club, stating that complaints had of late been rife in all parts of the country of the damage done to the pneumatic tyres of cycles by thorns which had been left on the highway, by the parties responsible for the up-keep and trimming of the adjoining hedges. It was stated that the council of the Cyclists' Touring Club (a body now numbering nearly 50,000 members) had taken legal opinion on the point, and were advised that to allow objectionable hedge trimmings to remain on the highways was an offence under section 72 of the Highways Act, punishable by a fine not exceeding 40s. The hope was expressed that the necessary instruc- tions would be given by the Council to the proper authorities, to see that the provisions of the Act were observed. The CLERK (Mr. W. H. Churton) said no doubt this was really a great nuisance in some places, especially in the Chirk district, where he resided. He bad actually had to carry his bicycle over a great many parts of the road in consequence of their being absolutely covered with thorns. It was a most disgraceful state of things, and simply a question of negligence and carelessness. Mr. G. W. ZEIGLER Have you ever cut a hedge yourself ? The CLERK No. Mr. ZEIGLER How is it carelessness and wanton mischief ? A man cannot be doing two things at once—cutting the hedge and brush- ing up the thorns at one time. j The CLERK: I say a man who has property adjoining the highway has no right to do one thing. Mr. ZEIGLER: If you were a farmer, you would not talk like that. The CLERK: I am not a farmer, and I am not talking from that point of view, but I say it is quite clear if a man puts anything on a road which is a nuisance to any people travelling along that road he is responsible, and brings himself within the Aet. In Wirral I am bound to say they cut the hedges very properly, and do not scatter the thorns over the road, but it is exceptional. Mr. ZEIGLER: You cannot cut the hedges properly without scattering the thorns over the road. Mr. R. JOHNSON (Prenton) maintained that when a farmer sent a man to cut the hedges he generally gave him a rake to rake up the trimmings. Before bicycles came into fashion nothing of this sort was ever thought of. He proposed that the communication should lie on the table. The CHAIRMAN (Mr. Thomas Davies) said as a farmer he was not going to brush up the trimmings for the sake of anybody's pneumatic tyres, but he always sent a rake to rake up the thorns from the road. They could not, however, rake up the little bits, and prevent them from puncturing bicycle tyres. Mr. TURTON If we are liable for this kind of thing we will never be free, because thorns are carried about by sheep, and may be blown away in all directions. The CLERK Well, I should recommend all farmers to ride bicycles, and they would never have thorns on the road after that. Mr. ZEiGLER I ride a bicycle, and you cannot possibly do it. Mr. LATHAM thought that when a farmer had cut a hedge he ought to see the thorns were raked up. The CLERK: I am bound to say so far as the Hundred of Wirral is concerned, I have never had any cause for complaint, but in some of these other places in Wales it is something awfal. The CHAIRMAN maintained that in the case of a narrow road it was impossible to remove all the thorns with an ordinary rake. The CLERK said the point of complaint was that farmers, instead of removing the trimmings after raking them up, left them on the road for months together, with the result that they were blown and kicked about. He was only speaking of the district he had alluded to. There was no doubt a farmer could be convicted if such a case was brought before the magistrates. Mr. ZEIGLER Instead of having one man to cut a hedge, it would take two—one to cut the hedge, and the other to brush up the thorns. The CHAIRMAN estimated at the least that it would require three men when a wind was blowing. Mr. LATHAM: Well, it generally takes three men to do what one man would do ten years ago. (Laughter.) Mr. ZEIGLER I propose that bicycles should be taxed, and then they will try to brush the roads. I think now that the cyclists want extra money spent on the roads it is a favourable opportunity to bring the question of a tax forward. I never met a man yet who would not pay a tax. The CLERK: I should be delighted to be taxed so far as I am concerned. The proposition that the communication should lie on the table was seconded by Mr. J. EVANS (Thurstaston), and carried. The same letter was read before the Chester Rural District Council on Saturday, when Mr. RoWE MORRIS gave notice that at the next meeting he would propose a resolution asking the local members of Parliament to give the proposed cycle tax their support. The letter was read at the Hoole District Council on Monday. The Clerk (Mr. A. E. Caldecutt) remarked that the Council would prosecute in cases of this sort, and no doubt the Cyclists' Touring Club would pay the costs. (Laughter.)—Mr. Night- ingale thought it would be hard lines on farmers to do this. Cyclists should pay 2s. 6d. a year—(a Voice: Say 7s. 6d.)-for a licence, and the money should be Epent in the district where the licence was taken out. The road- men should then remove the thorns; it would take farmers and others all their time in look- I ing after that kind of work.—Mr. Woodward said any one could do it with a switch in a few minutes.—The Clerk suggested that cyclists should have a cow-catcher kind of a thing in front of their machine to brush thorns &c., away. (Laughter.)—The matter here dropped. The communication also came before the Denbigh Rural District Council for the St. Asaph Union on Friday. The reading of the letter was received with laughter, and it was ordered to lie on the table.

Mr. NeaJ Dow, the author of the Maine Ltqoor Law, died on Saturday at Portland (Maine), in his 93rd year.

AUCTION SALES. ———*——— RAM AND STORE EWES AT HOOTON. On Wednesday, Mr. John J. Cunnah con- ducted the annual sale at Hooton. There was a large show of Cheviot ewes, the trade for which was rather slow as compared with former years, the prices of store sheep in Scotland being 2s. to 3s. per head dearer than last year; and this, together with the drenching downpour which kept on all day, did not conduce to the comfort of buyers. In spite of this, however, a fair clearance was effected. Good Cheviot ewes, guaranteed correct and straight from Scotland, made from 26s. 6d. to 28s. 6d. each black-faced ewes making 20s. to 22s. 6d. each. A small lot of 120 cross-bred Leicester lambs made from 20s. 6d. to 22s. 6d. each, and a lot of Clun and Shropshire ewes made 41s. 6d. each. A first-rate lot of Shropshire ram lambs was shewn by Mr. George Brown, Bankfields, Eastham, and were all sold at satisfactory prices, the 12 lambs making an average of 52s. each, among the largest purchasers being, Messrs. Christopherson (Overpool), Cross (Sutton^, Williamson (Wervin), Christopherson (Hooton), Coxon, Meadows, F. Jones (Overpool), Lamb (Pensby), McFarlane (Arrowe), Hough, Tickle, Chesworth (WillastoB), Grundy (Neston), and others. STOCK RAM AND STORE EWES AT CHESTER. On Thursday Mr. John J. Cunnah conducted his annual sale of rams and ewes at the Smith- field, Chester. The entry comprised:—60 Shropshire shearling rams and ram lambs, 45 Leicester shearling rams and ram lambs, 105 elun and Shropshire ewes, 653 Cheviot and black-faced ewes, and 120 cross-bred Leicester lambs. The sale commenced with a grand lot of Shropshire rams from Mr. J. W. Kenworthy, Castle Hill, Kelsall, included in which were the 1st prize pen at Altrincham, Birkenbead, and other shows, and for which there was very spirited bidding. The whole of Mr. Ken- worthy's lambs averaged nearly £ 4 each. Mr. W. Parker, Great Stanney Hall, again shewed a grand lot of Leicesters. Two yearlings made £ 4 16s. and JE4 7s., and 12 lambs made an average of nearly £ 3. Mr. John Roberts, Well House, shewed six Shropshire lambs, well- grown and heavy woolled, which averaged 54s. each. Mr. John Read, Northop Hall, also shewed a good lot, one of which realised the top price in the sale for A lamb, and was purchased by Mr. A. Darlington, Barrow. Mr. John Cheers' Leicesters averaged £ 3 2s., and good pens of rams were also shewn by Mrs. W. W. Bower, the Manor: Mr. Beecroft, Duckington Grange; G Brown, Eastham; Beech, Rowton ana other breeders. The cross-bred Clun and Shropshire ewes made up to 35s. 6d., Cheviot ewes 23s. to 25s., and black-faced ewes 17s. 6d. to 21s. The bidding for the rams was spirited, and a brisk trade was kept up right to the end, the sale -being by far the most successful held in Chester for some years. SALE OF SHEEP AND CATTLE AT INVERNESS. Messrs. Macdonald, Fraser, and Coy., Ltd., held their first great autumn sale of all classes of feeding sheep, lambs, and cattle within their Auction Market on Wednesday. The attend- ance of buyers was very large, both rings being crowded all along up to the end of sale. A great proportion of the feeding sheep were bought to go to the Southern counties. Considering the severe spring, wedders were shown better than was expected. Several extra good lots of Cheviot dinmonts were making up to 34s. 6d. The principal lot of wedders made a rise of 3s. 6d. to 5s. on last year's prices. The Raasay wedders sold at 33s. The Compass blackfaced wedders sold at 30s. 3d. The Forest Farm Cheviot dinmonts sold at 30s. 6d. Badentarbet Cheviot wedders, 32s. The best sheep shewn for their age were consigned from Mr. Trotter, Garguston; blackfaced dinmonts made 34s. 6d. After selling wedders there were a large number of milled Cheviot ewes selling freely up to 26s. 9d.; black-faced do. up to 23s. 3d. Lambs recovered the drop of two weeks ago, and for all classes an animated demand was met, with an entire clearance, and must be quoted the best trade of the season. Cattle were entirely home- breds, and were decidedly the largest and best show ever brought before the public at Inverness.

LIGHTING-UP TABLE. 0 All cycles and other vehicles must be lighted up as stated in the following table P.M. Wednesday, Oct. 6 6.25 Thursday, Oct. 7. 6.23 Friday, Oct. 8 6.21 Saturday, Oct. 9 6.19 Sunday, Oct. 10 6.16 Monday, Oct. 11 6.14 Tuesday, Oct. 12 6.12

WEEKLY STATE OF THE CHESTER INFIRMARY EliDED SATITEDAT LAST. IN-PATIENTS. In-patients are admitted on Tuesday mornings at Eleven o'clock. IK-PATIENTS DISCHARGED. IN-PATIENTS. Cared 12 Admitted 19 Relieved 1 j Remain in tfae House ..104 Made Out-Patients 0 Unrelieved 1 i>ead 2 Unrelieved 1 I)ea,d 2 House Visitor»—Mr. W.W. Freeman and Mr. G.B. Griffiths OUT-PATIENTS. Medical cases are seen on Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday mornings at Eleven o'clock. Surgical cases are seeu on Thursday mornings at Eleven o'clock Ophthalmic cases are seen on Friday mornings at Eleven o'clock. Dental cases are seen on Tuesday and Saturday mornings at Ten o'clock. HOME PATIENTS. DISCHARGED. ADMITTED. Cured 20 Admitted 40 Believed 18 Remain 91 Made In-Patients 1 Dead 3 Dead 3 Out-Patients admitted since Satardav last 102

I F-ults- F-INEST Ful?-s- Direct from Manufacturer to Wearer, a earing Of 20 per cent. guaranteed. W. CREAMER & Co., ART FURRIERS. Have on exhibit a magnificent stock of Reliable FURS and SEALSKIN GARMENTS of HIGHEST FASHION, EXCELLENCE & DURABILITY. Every article of W. C. & Co's. own manufacture, and warranted. GOODS SENT TO ANY PART ON APPROVAL. The favour of an inspection respectfully invited FURS & SEALSKIN GARMENTS skilfully remodelled and renovated on the premises. FUR MANUFACTURERS & SKIN IMPORTERS 56, BOLD STREET, LIVERPOOL.

fgarriages, anti Dratbs. BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, and DEATHS are charged at the rate of 20 words for Is. (prepaid). If not prepaid, the charge will be 2s. 6d. The announcement must be authenticated by the Signature and Address of the Sender. MABBIAGES. SCOTT- WALIK ER-Lic FEvvRE-October 2, at Wesley Chapel, Higher Tranmere, by the Rev. T. Ogden Taylor, William, son of Captain William Scott-Walker, of 12, West Bank-read, Birkenhead, to Lydia Eliza. eldest daughter of Charles John Le Feuvre, of Tranmere Hall, Birkenhead. WILLIAMS—JONES—October 4, at the Centenary Chapel. New Ferry, by the Rev. H. G. Roberts. M.A.. Richard E. Williams, Elm Bank, Rock Park, Rock Ferry, to Mary Ellen, only child of Mrs. Jones, Brynberllan, Pwllheli, North Wales. DEATH. EATON-October 2, at 8, Pepper-street, Chester, Harriet Katon, aged 62 years, widow of the late James Roberts Eaton, of this city. [Friends please accept this—the only—intimation ]

]\ T E M O R I A L S, AT ALL PlilCiS, JX MARBLE, GRANITE, STONE & ALABASTER. On View, a.nd to Order. HASWELL- & SON, MASONS, KALEYAED8, CHESTER. ESTIMATES AND DESIGNS.

The business lately carried on by Mr. W. Davis, at St. Werburgh Mount and Canal Basin Wharf, has been purchased by Mr. T. H. Banks, who, for several years has been in the employ- ment of Mr. J. J. Cunnah. Mr. Banks' business announcement appears in our advertisement columns. DROWNED WITH His DOG.-An extraordinary case of drowning was discovered at Birkenhead on Monday. A week ago a labourer named Patrick McManus went to the docks for the purpose of drowning a dog, but he did not return. On Monday afternoon the body was found, attached by a rope to that of the dog, to which was also fastened a piece of iron weigh- ing 301b. It is supposed that when McManus threw the animal into the water the rope became entangled round his hand and dragged him in.