Barry Herald

OUR LONDON CORRESPONDENT. The keen interest which has naturally been aroused by the present hostilities in South Africa has been accountable for developments of newspaper enterprise in London, which go beyond anything ever before accomplished, or even attempted. This is being manifested not only in the rapid and repeated issue of special editions-for that form of journalistic enter- prise we always have with us—but by arrange- ments which have been made by various news- Eapers to supply information during the later ours of each evening to the places of amuse- ment. It may be feared that, in some cases within the past fortnight, the news thus received has not been of a lurid to cheer the audience; for it is not easy to take one's plea- sure immediately after learning that our fellow- countrymen have been engaged in a further deadly struggle. This is one of the reasons why the metropolitan theatri- cal managers are just now feeling the effects of the war in diminished attendance and consequently attenuated receipts. It is not only that very many of us arc far from in a pleasure-seeking mood just now. but that the subscriptions which are so handsomely and readily flowing in for the various funds in aid of those stricken by the war are absorbing much of the money that in ordinary times would be devoted to amusement. This last is a consideration especially to be borne in mind during the week that has seen another Lord Mayor's Day. Sir John Voce Moore, the outgoing Lord Mayor 6f London, has great good reason to congratulate himself upon the striking success which has attended the two funds he opened at the Mansion House in relief of the sufferers from the Transvaal troubles. Never in the long and honourable history of Mansion House Funds has there been so prompt and full a response to an appeal as during the opening days of the Transvaal Refugee Fund: and that response, indeed, was so prompt and full that there was a fear lest it should prevent anything like equal attention to the call soon afterwards made for the aid of those stricken in the field. That fear, happily, has proved groundless, and the liberality of the British public has been splendidly shown. War is bound to carry numberless horrors in its train, but we at home are able to mitigate certain of these; and it is the duty of us all to do what lies in our power to prevent those dependent upon our killed or wounded soldiers from coming to want. In the Lord Mayor's Show of this week there was some attempt to symbolise the permanence of the City of London, and with this was associated a recognition of the new metro- politan municipalities which, under the opera- tion of the London Government Act of this year, will come into being on the next first of November. The names and boundaries of most of these are already fixed, but some diffi- cult points remain as to certain of them, and not the least difficult concerns the great East- end borough which is to be erected. No one yet knows what is to be its name, for the Parliamentary borough of Whitechapel, Limehouse, Stepney, St. George's-in-the-East, and Mile-end are absorbed, and the question is what common name will be acceptable to them all. Tower Borough" has been suggested, and this would not merely be appropriate, because the district now to be incorporated is mainly that of the ancient Tower Hamlets, but it would be a fitting tribute to the presence of the old Tower of London in their midst. There would be afforded, indeed, a splendid example of our historic continuity by the spectacle of the City of Westminster in the west, the City of London in the centre, and the Tower Borough in the east, looking across, to the Borough of Southwark on the other bank of the Thames. It is natural that just now, when we are hearing so much about the sick and wounded in war, public interest should be especially on the alert concerning ambulance work. This was manifested a few days since when General Hamilton, of the Royal Army Medical Corps, inspected one of the largest classes of instruc- tion in such work yet held in connection with the Volunteer Ambulance School of Instruc- tion. General Hamilton, in congratulating this class upon its success, observed that the task on which they were engaged might seem to some to be of less impor- tance than that of the combatant soldier; but he pointed out that it often required more bravery and cool courage to rescue and devote attention to the wounded, a work that was practically as dangerous as actual fighting. Of this there can be no doubt, but it is specially well to put it upon record at this moment, when the ambulance is so near to our thoughts. Facilities for travel have become so much ex- tended of late years that international gather- ings, which once would have been impossible, are jnow comparatively common but there is, apparently, a limit even to these, for it is not likely that the Council of the British Associa- tion will accept the invitation it has just re- ceived from Ceylon for the Association to visit that island. As is being pointed out, the time required for the double journey would be an obstacle to the attendance of many members, so that nothing like a full meeting could be ex- pected, while the period of year at which the Association usually assembles is a further serious consideration in connection with a pro- posal for its going to a tropical clime. It is pleaded, in support of the idea, that this great scientific gathering has twice assembled in Canada but both in regard to the distance and the climate, Canada cannot be regarded as paralled with Ceylon, and the precedent of the Dominion, therefore, will pro- bably be pleaded in vain. As motor omnibuses are now running in at least one section of London and motor vans are on the increase in our streets, it would really seem at last as if this form of vehicular traffic had come to stay. In any case, the points are certain to be emphasised at next week's run" of the Motor- car Club from the Metropolis to Brighton, when the latest designs in motors of various shapes and sizes will be practically tested on the road. The main point for the lovers of the automobile Is that the practical part of the world, as apart from the pleasure-taking, is gradually becoming impressed with the new style of locomotion. There is not accustomed to be thought to be much sentiment about London vestrymen, but at this moment the Chelsea Vestry are inviting tenders for three motor-vans, while the St. George's (Hanover-square) Vestry is de- voting five hundred pounds to the purchase of an experimental motor dust-van. These are signs of the times which are not likely to be overlooked; and they are to be coupled with the fact, which can be noted in the London streets every day, that several large firms are now using steam or oil waggons as distributing agents. The motor movement, therefore, is on the increase, and it would be rash as yet to attempt to prophesy how far it will go. The hunting season for 1899-1900 has this week made a fair start, and visitors to more than one London terminus having direct con- nection with some favourite hunting county could not mistake the fact. It is said by ex- perts in such a matter that this season is likely to be remembered as one of the best in the cen- tary. The foxhound packs are declared to be as strong in numbers as in efficiency, while harriers and beagles not only show no signs of lessening popularity but seem to increase in numbers. One feature about the harriers and beagles is that five or six of the packs have ladies for masters," and the race of Diana the Huntress is obviously not yet extinct. There was a period, and that not so very great a time ago, when it appeared to be thought that hunting was a dying sport but there is no mistaking its liveliness now, and it promises long to continue to flourish in this sport-loving land. R.

BoMB of the western railways of the United States have in use a weed-burning apparatus, one of which worked over 900 miles of road last year at a cost of less than 2Jdol. per mile. The apparatus comprises a lamp using oil vapour. This vapour is kept close to the tracks by a shield over it. The intense heat burns the weeds between the rails. Once at work tha shield is lowered within 4in. of the rail, and when not in use it is raised to 18in. above the rail. The operation is somewhat slow, only about H miles an mmr being covered.

NEWS NOTES. WAR news, almost to the exclusion of all other intelligence, absorbs the general atten- tion, and the anxiety to learn the purport of the latest despatches from the front" is intense. But the War Office authorities having virtually complete control of the telegraph from all African points are rigorously censorising all messages; and we have. in consequence, to wait until later for any details which they do not consider it advisable now to disclose. It was to be expected that some such condition of affairs would ensue. The tension of public feeling will have considerable relief when it becomes known that General Buller and his Army Corps are getting to work. General White and the colonial field force have had a heavy and difficult time to save themselves from overthrow at the hands of the concentrated foe meanwhile. The Boers have fought finely, both as mounted mobile troops, on foot, and as artillerymen; and it is a sad pity that so many brave fellows on both sides have had to fall in the working out of what all the world is convinced is, after all, a foregone conclusion. THE patriotism and devotion to their pro- fession which prompted Sir William MacCormac, Mr. Treves, Mr. Makins, and their distinguished surgical cdtleagues to lend their invaluable per- sonal surgical services in the treatment of the wounded in the war is very properly highly appreciated. Such splendid usefulness as these savants have displayed is a pleasing product of the public spirit engendered by the war-tune, if anything pleasing can come of war, that is. UNOSTENTATIOUSLY also a large number of qualified nursing sisters have gone out, and many people who cannot lend a personal hand are giving of their substance liberally towards their equipment, which is all as it should be. There is plenty of room here for all to help. WE are glad to note how admirably the funds intenuellfor the relief of the wives and little ones of the Reservists called to the colours are being supported. The Absent- minded Beggar"—as Mr. Rudyard Kipling called the Reservist—will have much encourage- meant in his perilous duties when he knows that his countrymen have determined to take care of his dear ones whilst he is engaged in fighting for "the flag. GENERAL JOICBEPT did not like the havoc occasioned by our lyddite shells in the engage- ments in the Ladysmith vicinage. These high explosives are 'terribly effective, we know—and he knows now—but the war game is not played at the twentieth century's dawn sans risk. The battling the Boers began they will have to run the racket of: for Britain is determined on all sides to see the thing through." IT was rather amusing to hear of Joubert with simulated simplicity protesting against lyddite as inhuman, for even he knows it is accepted by all the Powers as an adjunct and necessity of modern war but on the other hand we are glad to have the independent testimony of British war correspondents to the kindly-hearted characted of the Boer treat- ment of our wounded and captured. After Nicholson's Nek, the Boer behaviour was quite self-sacrificial at a very trying time; and generally Joubert and his men have been chivalrous in the extreme. We have had instances reported of individual brutality and excess but, on the whole, the Boers have in this way been kept far better in hand than any one could have expected. Honour where honour is due." OUR Government hardly expects to get the fighting over in South Africa yet awhile by the large number of horses they are securing for the military service. Hundreds of hunters are being requisitioned as chargers and remouts from the Midlands alone: and many of the best of the tram horses are being taken in some of our great towns for similar purposes. What with the moving of men, horses, and material, this war is going to make a big disturbance of the economy of our life. It may be more nearly a correct piece of prophesying on Kruger's part than some thought that the cost of the conflict will be such as will stagger humanity." But you cannot have war without that SIP. REDVEKS BULLER has had already to utilise the pigeon post for his despatch pur- poses. What a pity we cannot yet get the wireless telegraphy system into practical har- ness We suppose it will be ere long. Just now it would be of immense value. THE first message that the new commander- in-chief of the British forces in South Africa had to send to the War Office contained a notification of the sad death of poor young Egerton, of the Powerful, the gallant officer of the Naval Brigade who lost both his legs in action at Ladysmith. He was a promising young fellow, and much liked, and his uncle, the Duke of Devonshire, naturally, was very proud of him. He was promoted to commander for his distinguished conduct, but it is doubtful whether he was conscious of this recognition.

A KHAKI KILT. The losses of the Gordon Highlanders in the battle of Jiiandslaagte were quite exceptional, and those who have tried to account for it have suggested that the kilt and sporran offered a splendid target to the enemy. With regard to this Lord Archibald Campbell re- marks Machine gun fire is nowadays so deadly that it would seem to be absolutely needful that the troops be rendered as invisible as possible." As regards the Highland regiments, his lordship does not agree with those who advocate discarding the kilt when in face of the enemy. As he offers two reasons why he considers it would be a mistake. In the first place, it is, he contends, a dress that cannot be beaten for marching in, and, secondly, it keeps the stomach." There is no difficulty at all," says his lordship, in meeting the question. For active service a khaki kilt, hose to match, and brown flax spats or gaiters is the dress to be worn. A tartan backed by a fawn colour is easily made, but it is rather too heavy. It would be wiser to adopt a khaki kilt at once. The kilt would be of serge khaki colour, and as warm as the tartan, which also at most clothiers' is classified as serge. "We keep khaki kits for the British troops," he points out, let us do the same for the Highland regiments. They can wear the tartan for home ser- vice, but to abandon wearing a good marching dress, and one invaluable for warmth would be a blunder that all cf us would deplore, and many of us would resist. All of us," adds his lordship, have lost friends or relations in the recent fighting, and as the men them- selves cannot move in such matters, it behoves us so to do."

THE new mission church at Eccleston, St. Helena, recently opened by t e Earl of Derby, K.G., has been built at a total cost of £3900. The building consists of a mission church, with chancel and vesteries, a day school, and parish room. Mr. F. Brown, contractor of St. Helens, has carried out the work from designs prepared by Mr. G. S. Packer, of Southport. THE new works of Messrs. Chubb & Sons, Wolver- hampton, recently opened by the Earl of Dartmouth, are an imposmg pile of buildings, the safe-making section being capable of accommodating between 300 and 400 workmen, and the lock department about 350. The architects were Mr. C. H. Mileham, of Lincoln's Inn Fields, and Mr..F. T. Beck, of Wolver- hampton. The total cost of the structure has been about £ 20,000. EAIID progress is being made with the sinking operations in connection with two new colliery shafts to a rich trencherbone seam of coal at Agecroft, near Manchester, by Messrs. Andrew Knowles and Sons Limited. Towards a depth of 720 yards which is in- tended 672 yards'has been reached in one shaft, and 625 yards in the other. It is expected No. 3 shaft, the deepest of the two, will be ready for opening out towards the end of the year, and eventually it is ex- pected work will be found for between 500 and 600 additional miners. The sinking operations have been in progress between four and five years, difficulties through meeting with water having been successfully overcome by iron tubbing" being placed in the abaft for a considerable distance. The pits will be the second deepest in the County Palatine. WOMEN as house painters are coming into promi- nence at Berlin. They have to serve a regular apprenticeship, which includes gymnastic training, so that thev may not lose their nerve whilst working on scaffolds or ladders.

A WEST OF ENGLAND WORTHY. CHARACTERISTIC STORY. A special" in the Bridport News gi vee a character- istic history of a West County worthy, James Hawker, of Uploders, Dorset. Engaged in farming, Mr. Hawker was seen at his home, and racily answered the proposal to publish a part of his life- history. "Lor' bless you, sir, I want, everyone to know he said and it was an interesting story that skilful reporter extracted from him. Lite most agriculturists, Mr. Hawker had to have his grumble. Times were not over good; the weather was trying he had not been very well, either—" In fact, I used to be terribly bad, what with my rheu- matism and bleeding at the nose; oh, for 18 months or more, and net a week without it. But I've not had it now since the beginning of March." Ah," said Mrs. Hawker from the corner, Jim's another sort of a chap now. He used to have the rheumatism so bad he couldn't lift his arms or dress himself." The story was fairly staited now, and the reporter had only to take it down id rapid shorthand. "Ay, that's right enough. I had the rheumatism off and on, you know, for three -or four years, and had to stop at home. Work! how could a fellow work when you can't lift your arms up? But I did suffer, I can tell 'ee." Mrs. Hawker again interrupts the conversation. But, you know, sir, I saw something in one of the little books about rheumatism being cured by Dr. Williams' pink pills, and, as poor Jim couldn't get anything to ease him, I thought he should try the pills, as it said they were good for that. He'd tried nearly everything and been doctoring for years." Weil, did he take them ?" Take 'em Yes; but I looked on it more as a joke than anything, and said to the missis I'd take the box and all." "Ah, Jim laughed at me, but it turned out right. I used to have a job with him, and got anything I MR. JAMES HAWKER, A Weft Country worthy whose story has 'been attracting attention in Dorsetshire newspapers. (From a photograph.) could. I got him some embrocation, but nothing did him any good, and I began to feel he never would be right. I got anything I could, and it was a blessing I saw that little book about Dr. Williams' pink pilis." That's right enough, and you can't think how I feel about those pills. I felt easier after the first dose. I said, 'By Jove, missis, I believe they're the thing for me now, for I seem looser about the shoulders already That was a day or two after I began iaking 'em, and so I went on, and, would you believe it, when I had taken two boxes and a half I was as right and as well as ever I was. I'd been bad for years, and some mornings I couldn't heave my arms up to my head. I hardly knew myself when I got rid of the pain. The change the pills brought about was wonderful, and I tell everybody about it, because I think if folks knew more about 'em it would be better for 'em, and save a lot of pain and expense in doctoring." The mother here said, "Ah, Jim, it wasn't only the rheumatism, but they stopped the nose-bleed- ing." Mrs. Hawker said that was so, as her husband couldn't stoop to chop a stick without his nose bleed- ing. And you know, sir," she added, "I got frightened about it, because I've heard it brings on fits. Besides, he was never safe anywhere, and it kept him so weak. If I have anything wrong with me I take some of Dr. Williams' pink pills, and they soon pull me together again." It is upon such evidence as this that Dr. Williams' pink pills have built up their immense reputation. Merit alone has made them a household word people have used them and told each other of their value. Consequently there is hardly a village and certainly not a town in England where inquiry will not bring to light some local celebrity who has become the talk of the neighbourhood, through being cured as if magically by Dr. Williams' pink pills. Along with the severe cases cured (consumption, paralysis, chronic rheumatism, gout, and so forth) go thousands of milder cases, where such ailuaents as erysipelas, scrofula, eczema, St. Vitus' dance, neuralgia, and anamiia have been cured, or where weak, languid invalids have grown well and strong, thanks to Dr. Williams' pink pills. The only danger is that substitutes are sometimes pushed by unscrupulous shopkeepers. The genuine pills are safe, and are perfectly free from all purgative effect. Substitutes may be dangerous, and they have never been shown to cure anyone. The way to avoid them is to deal with honest tradesmen who do not try to sell you substitutes to ask carefully for Dr. Wil- liams' pink pills for pale people, and take care to see that all these words are printed on the wrapper of the pills; to take no notice of anything that may be said about substitutes being "as good" or the same" as Dr. Williams' (which is wickedly untrue) and if there is any doubt, send direct to Dr. Williams' Medicine Company, Hotborn-viaduct, London, en- closing the price—two and ninepence for one box thirteen and nine for six boxes.

OLLVifiK'S STATUE. A correspondent of the Globe writes For those enthusiastic persons who follow Professor Gardiner and the erudite, Mr. Firth, in their adoration of Cromwell and his Saints,' it must be a crown- ing mercy to have a gigantic statue set up of the Great Protector near the Houses he defied. 'It Irill be the stroke of triumph finishing up the Cromwellian Tercentenary.' Mr. T. Carlyle, it is, of course, admitted was the man who started this great movement, by emphasising the unctuous matter of Cromwell's letters and (unintelligible) speeches. He it was who raised him from a dishonoured grave. But 101 sages followed. The Philo-puritans of to-day ought properly to be throwing up their caps for Kruger and Co. (no mean successor to Cromwell. Ireton, and Co.), who bid fair to cost this country a nice penny. But is there not a concealed joke in the site chosen near Westminster Hall ? It so happens that when duly set up, the risen Protector will stand very nearly above a place called Hell' (so the political tracts called the subterranean tavern), where the Cromwellian cour detatcalled Pride's Purge'placed the loyal majority of the House of Commons who did not wish to destroy the King and Constitution. This makes the whole Cromwellian glorification a prime subject for laughter. The serious part of the jest is, of course, that Oliver was as much the de- stroyer of Parliament as he was of the Church and of the King. It is well that the House of Lords should come to the rescue I"

A NEW CYPHER. Engineering mentions a new cypher which is held to be invaluable. The "Padlock Cypher," as it is called, employs 26 card slips, each having a capital letter in black on the left-hand side, as well as two alphabets in horizontal lines, the upper row in black and consecutive from a to z; the lower row in red, but with a broken alphabet, so that no letter is similar to the letter above in the top row. The back of each slip has the same capital* letter on the left-hand side, but printed in red, and it also has two alphabets, the upper row, consecutive in red, the other being a broken alphabet, as on the other side of the slip. A key- word is agreed on by sender and receiver. The sender arranges the slips so that the black capitals spell the keyword, picks out his message letter by letter from the black alphabet, and writes down the corresponding red letters in the lower alphabet. The receiver arranging his slips so that the red capitals spell the keyword, reverses the process and solves the cryptogram.

THE Undertakers' Review has made the discovery that the bicycle has only figured once in a sculp- tured memorial of the dead-and to a ydung Rio widow belongs the credit of having originated the idea. She was introduced to her late husband while out cycling, and, therefore, when death put an end to her marriage, she thought it suitable to introduce the cycle in her husband's memorial. As ladies are not permitted to become members of the Automobile Club of Great Britain, the natural consequence is that they are mooting the topic of an automobile club of their own. What the reason can be of that ungallant rule 36, which excludes women and minors, it is difficult, says a lady's paper, to understand. MIKE," said Plodding Pete, did you ever hear about transmigration?" "Yes. But I don't take any stock in it." I 'spose it's too good to be true. But I like to t'ink about it. Jes' imagine wakin' up an' discivering d»t you've turned into a brewery, full o' pipe lines an' machinery to keep de beverage con- stantly fresh 1"

PIRACY ON THE CANTON RIVER, The increase of piracy on the West River and the other waterways around Canton is referred to in the reports of several of the Commissioners of Customs for the past year. The Commissioner at Canton says that the pirates, as well as the general public, have profited by the wide extension of inland steam navigation. The advent of steam, launches has concentrated the operations of the pirates, while formerly they were more scattered and on a smaller scale. Formerly passengers travelled in smaller numbers and smaller boats, voyages were more un- certain in speed and duration,and the pirates were less sure of escape; now steam creates regularity, and the pirates can arrange their plans and fix on the time and place to wait for their victims. The launch towing a heavily-laden passenger boat on a route along which much money is sent is an easy capture, and itself affords the outlaws a swift and sure way of escape with their plunder. The evil has grown to such magnitude that lately the Viceroy organised a special system of dealing with it by dividing the river into sections patrolled by armed launches and guard-boats. The authorities were quickened by the apprehension that if they did not deal with the mis- chief others would but the Commissioner remarks that it is most difficult to cope with the pirates, and a much more vigorous Government than the Chinese would be put to an extreme test of its resources in the effort to put a stop to it." The Commissioner at Wu-chau, the new treaty port on the West River, mentions that on account of piracy great secrecy is observed in the shipment of treasure to and from the town,-so that the Customs authority find great difficulty in taking an account of it. A great deal is carried in small sums by passengers sometimes it is carried as freight, but in such case it is shipped in all sorts of unlikely ways, so that its presence on board may be known to as few persons as possible." The Commissioner at Sam-shui, lower down, reports that -steamers now have portholes, gangways, and hatches barred with iron and locked to prevent sur- prise, and latterly Sikh watchmen have been carried to search passengers and luggage for arms.

CHARITABLE BEQUESTS. Mr. William Stokes, of Salisbury, who died on April 7, bequeathed JE500 to the trustees: of the Keyford Asylum, Frome, the income thereof to be distributed annually on December 21 equally amongst all of the old almsmen in the asylum E500 to the Bluecoat Asylum at Frome, the income thereof to be distributed annually on December 21 amongst all the old almswomen in the asylum to the governors of Salisbury Infirmary F-500, to apply the income for the benefit of poor and deserving patients on leaving the infirmary; to the Muller Orphanage at Bristol, £100; to the Frome Selwood Cottage Hospital, Dr. Barnardo's Home for Destitute Children, the Cancer Hospital at Brompton, the Salisbury and South Wilts Museum, and the Salisbury Provident Dispen- sary each £ 50; and to the St. Thomas's, St. Edmund's, and St. Martin's National Schools at Frome, the St. Osmond's Roman Catholic School, the Brown-street Baptist Sunday School, the Saint Edmund-street Wesleyan Sunday School, and the Fisherton Primitive Methodist Sunday School, all in Salisbury, the Blue Coat Boys' School, Frome, the Keyford Asylum Girls' School, Frome, and the Bap- tist Badcox-lane School at Frome, each £ 10. The estate has been valued at £5490, gross, including personalty of the net value of E4585.

THE CENTRAL BRITISH RED CROSS COMMITTEE. The following communication comes to hand from the War Office: The applications for employment under the Red Cross and the offers of contribution of ambulance material have been so varied and numerous that the Central British Red Cross Committee and the associations represented on it desire earnestly to impress upon the public that for the meantime ample provision has been made Ir in the direction of supplementary aid to the army medical services in the field, and it is now hoped that the public will refrain from offering further personal assistance or ambulance material,.but con- firre themselves to contributions to the fund which is being maintained by the National Aid Society (British Red Cross Society), whose offices are at 5, York-buildings, Adelphi, London, W.C. The fol- lowing facts will enable the public to judge how much has been organised by the committee up till now: (1) Colonel J. S. Young has proceeded as Red Cross Commissioner to South Africa amply provided with funds and material to act, as may appear best on the spot, in co-operation with the prin- cipal medical officer of the field force, with a view to aiding the sick and wounded, not only of our own troops, but also of the South African Republic and Orange Free State. (2) Equipment for fitting up a hospital train has been sent out to Durban; similar equipment is about to follow and a complete hospital train of seven carriages, with kitchen and all necessary accessories, is being constructed. (3) A hospital ship is being fitted out and equipped at the expense of the Princess of Wales's branch of the National Aid Society, and will probably be ready to sail for South Africa about the middle of the month, in order to act as a relief to the hospitals at the base. (4) Ample provision has been made by the Army Nursing Reserve to supply additional highly- trained nursing sisters to the various military hospitals. Fortyhav4) already taken over duties, and there remain 100 still on the list for em- ployment as occasion arises. (5) The St. John Ambulance Brigade is prepared to meet any requirements that may arise in con- nection with the supply of ambulance officers and hospital orderlies, and several members of the brigade are now under ocders to hold themselves it.readiaess. Those are the main outlines of the work that has been organised; and it is needless to impress upon the public that each section has involved the con- sideration and execution of numerous details, which would now only be put into confusion were further offers of personal assistance or material accepted. Those who have already, arranged to contribute material should have the articles forwarded without delay to Messrs. Barnes and Go. (Limited), Battle- brfdg&flane, Tooley-street, London, S.E., each case being labelled British Red Ci-oss, and the nature of ,the contents clearly indicated.

THE ROYAL SOCIETY. The following is a list of those who have been re- commended by the President and Council of the Royal Society for election into the Council for the year 1900 at the anniversary meeting, on Nov. 30: PRESIDENT. Lord Lister, F.R.C.S., D.C.L. TREASURER. Alfred Bray Kempe, M.A. SECRETARIES. Sir. Michael Foster, K.C.B., M.A., M.D., D.C.L., LL.D. Professor Arthur William Rucker, M.A., D.Sc. FOREIGN SECRETARIES. Thomas Edward Thorpe, Sc.D., LL.D. OTHER MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL. I Horace T. Brown, F.C.S. Captain Ettrick William Creak, R.N. Professor James Dewar, M.A. Professor Edwin Bailey Elliott, M.A. Hans Friedrich Gadow, Ph.D. Professor William Dobinson Hallibnrton, M.D. Professor William Abbott Herdman, D.Sc. Sir John Murray, K.C.B. Sir Andrew Noble, K.C.B. Professer Arnold William Reinold, M.A. George Johnstone Stoney, D.Sc. George James Symons, F.R.Met'Soc. J. J. H. Teall, M.A. Professor Joseph John Thomson, M.A. Professor Edward Burnett Tylor, D.C.L. Sir Samuel Wilks, Bart., M.D.

WHAT LYDDITE IS. There has been some talk of protest against the use of lyddite shells by the British in South Africa. All the great Powers (writes Mr. Charles Williams, the veteran war correspondent, in the Daily Chronicle) have now for some time adop.ad high explosives as bursting charges in their shells, and it is impossible that England should lag behind in the dreadful com- petition. The composition of lyddite is not definitely known, or rather, its exact proportions as now used in the British Army are an official secret, and, as everyone knows who has dealt with the high ex- plosives, a very slight and scarcely perceptible varia- tion of ingredients means a considerable difference of strength, but it is understood that lyddite, like melinite, is a picrate, and that it has given the highest result in the way of destruction yet attained by any powder or preparation chemical ingenuity has yet invented. At Ou.durman its effects were pul- verising, and, contrary to the belief of many people, it proved so safe in the gun and in transit that no accidents occurred to our men in using or handling it, which is more, it is understood, than can be said of the bursting charges in use by some Continental Powers. As to the ques- tion of humanity, one can scarcely see where it arises. Whistling Dick, in the Crimea, sent huge round bombs which burst, and when they did burst proved destructive over a certain area of our works, sometimes blowing sailors in the naval brigade batteries to atoms. The modern high-explosive shell charges are more destructive over a like area, and incidental destruction extends farther. But it may be c questioned whether there is any difference in principle between shells charged with black powder or cordite or melinite or lyddite. In so far as the use of these high explosives tends to end a war, they may be regardea as actually humane, for the shorter a cam- paign is the more humane it is, since the most severe sufferings are not due to wounds which cause death, Universal experience has shown that a sudden de-ith instead of a lingering death from wounds or disease is the most merciful. Lyddite, according to the latest information accessible, gives very even results on the practice-ground, and is now handled without fear by artillerists, and the corresponding powders in use by Continental Powers have also im- proved in the direction of safety. But slight modifi- cations involving their effect upon the individuals and the works of an enemy can scarcely be yet completely gauged. Everything, however, goes to show that a shell charged with melinite or lyddite will effect from three to four times aa much destruc- tion in a given area as a shell filled with black or brown powder. 4

LORD CHARLES BERESFORD AT ;1 WHITBY. I Lord C. Beresford, M.P., speaking, on Saturday night, at a Conservative meeting at -Whitby, said there would not have been so much made of the reverse at, Ladysmith had it occurred before instead of after the brilliant victories at Glencoe and other places. There were people who wanted to blame the Government for not having had more troops ithsouth Africa at an earlier date. The very fact of circum- stances being as they were showed the earnest desire of the Cabinet to maintain peace. The position was 3erious, but not critical. We would restore British prestige, and when we had conquered the Boers we would treat them with the sympathy, kindness, and justice which we had always shown to the vanquished,

—— FASHIONABLE WEDDINGS, j In the fashionable London church of St. Mark's, North Audley-street, was celebrated, on:Satu,rday, the marriage of Sir Arthur Hardinge, K.C.M.G., her Majesty's Agent and Consul-General for the dominions of the Sultan of Zanzibar, with Miss Alexandra Ellis, daughter of Major-General Sir Arthur Ellis (Equerry to the Prince of Wales) and the Hon. Lady Ellis, and goddaughter of the Prin- cess of Wales. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and Princess Louise Mar- chioness of Lorns were present at the cere- mony, as were the Portuguese Minister, the Sultan of Zanzibar's son, the Duke and Duchess of Abercorn, and a distinguished company. The bride arrived at the church at half-past two o'clock with her father, and was met by a page and eight bridesmaids. They were master Arthur Ellis, nephew of the bride- groom, who held the bride's train; Miss Ellis, cousin of the bride; the Misses Hardinge (two), Miss Keppel, Miss Adelaide Lane, Miss Labouchere, Miss Crichton, and Miss Stirling. As the bridal procession, led by the choir, passed up the, nave to the chancel, where the bridegroom and his best man, the Hon. Robert James, were awaiting it, the choir and congregation sang, Lead us, Heavenly Father, lead us." The bride wore a gown of white satin, covered with Brussels lace and adoined with pearl embroidery and orange blossom, sprays of which were arranged in her hair under a tulle veil. The page wore a picturesque costume of Venetian red velvet and point lace, with a little cap to match while the bridesmaids were in white satin, with lace yokes, sleeves, and fichus, and hats of Venetian red velvet, trimmed with white feathers, chiffon, and lace. The Rev. R. H, Hadden, Vicar of St. Mark's, performed the ceremony. The Hon. Lady Ellis afterwards entertained the Prince of Wales, Princess Louise, and the many relations and friends of both families at her house in Portland- filace. Sir Arthur and Lady Hardinge subsequently eft for Brighton. Among the wedding presents were: From the Princess of Wales, a diamond spray; the Prince of Wales, to the bride, a silver inkstand, and to the bridegroom, a silver cigar box; while Princess Victoria of Wales and Princess Charles of Denmark sent a pair of silver sugar-castors. Captain William F. Lascelles, Scots Guards, son of the Right Hon. Sir Frank Lascelles, British Ambassador at Berlin, was married to Lady Sybil de Vere Beauclerk, daughter of the late Duke of St. Albans by his first marriage, in Holy Trinity Church, Sloan-street, on Saturday. Captain the Hon. Charles Willoughby, Scots Guards, supported the bridegroom as best man: and in attendance on the bride were four pages and four bridesmaids—Master John Loder, Master J. Cavendish, Master Arthur Butler, Master Eddie Cavendish, Miss Maud Caven- dish, Miss Margaret Benson, Miss Rachel Butler, and Miss Stella Maude. The bride, who was given away by her uncle, Earl Grey, wore a white satin dress, enriched with Brussels lace, a veil of the same valuable fabric, and pearl ornaments. The children's dresses were after Van Dyck, the little girls wearing long white satin frocks, with squares of D'Alen^on lace over chiffon, edged with bands of satin embroidered in pearls, lace sleeves, and tiny Dutch caps in dentelle. The boys wore white cloth suits with little shoulder- capes lined with white satin, blouses ot silk muslin, collars and cuffs of Carriokmacross lace, and large white felt cavalier hats with white plumes and paste buckles. The Rev. A. Hawthorne, rector of Best- wood, Notts, performed the ceremony. The relatives of the bridfe and bridegroom were afterwards received by the Duchess of St. Albans at 49, Cadogan-gardens. Later, Captain and Lady Sybil Lascelles left for Wicken, Lord Penrhyn's place in Northants. ,i

A MARVEL OF THRIFT. Louis Moore, an old man, has died in the Rich- mond (Surrey) Workhouse, leaving JE66 and a lesson of remarkable thrift. He became an inmate in 1890, and a few years later was made gatekeeper at three shillings weekly. He apparently saved not only his whole salary, but over JE20 received in tips.

SARTI'S WILL. The estate of Mr. Alexander E. Sarti, the electro- plater, of silver robbery fame, who committed suicide at 9, Red Lion-street, Clerkenwell, on September 1, is sworn af £ 531 Is. His widow >is the trix.

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LADIES DEFEND THEIR FLAG. Lord Dufferin was on Saturday elected Lord Rector of Edinburgh University by 943 votes as against Mr. Asquith's 686. Throughout the poll and upon its declaration there were extraordinary scenes. In the quadrangle, faction collided with faction and fought for two hours. Lady students defended the Liberal standard in the centre of the turmoil; while the Unionists tied their flag to a fountain, and in resisting onslaughts made upon it a student broke his leg. An adjoining balcony was occupied by spectators. At Aberdeen the unopposed nomination of Lord Strathcona to the University Lord Rectorship through the withdrawal of Sir Edward Grey was followed by a street fight between the students and the police. The latter used their batons, and several students were injured, and six arrested, to be subse- quently released on bail.

OWING to the prevalence of enteric feyer in Natal, every man ordered for military service in that colony has, says the lancet, been given the option of being inoculated with anti-typhoid serum, and 70 per cent. of the troops have accepted the offer. THE old Town Hall, Scarborough, is to have the large hall, corridors, and two ante-rooms heated by hot water, at a cost of £ 12810a. Blakesborough and Rhodes, Ltd., on Stockton-on-Tees, have prepared the schema i,nd secured the tender.

ROMAN COINS UNEARTHED IN WALES. A little hoard of Roman coins has been safely barked for 1600 years 6in. nnder the turf on Sully Moors, in a field near Lavernock (South Wales). Borne navvies, in the course of their work came across a human skeleton. Three yards from it. thcv unearthed d. brass vase about 4|in. high. The vase was full of gold, silver, and bronze coins and other articles. There were three finger rings, four golden aureases, 278-silver coins, three bronze coins, and a tew fragments An aureas of Diocletian, of about A.O.. is the latest coin. The denarii cover the reigns of emperors from A.D. 211 to 296.

IT is stated that the Great Northern Railway Company has just come to a friendly working arrange- c;1 ment with the Midland Company, whereby it will be empowered to run its own express and fast goods trains over the latter company's system to Manchester via Ambergate. The Great Northern trains, would, in that event, join the Midland line at Pye Bridge in. the Erewash Valley. THE promoters' of the Birmingham University scheme have recently received the munificent dona- tion of £ 20,000 from Mr. Charles Holcroft, and a number of large sums from other gentlemen, which bring the total amount promised to upwards of £ 315,400. The total of over E300,000 having been reached, the committee have secured the last E12,500 which was offered by the friend of Mr. Joseph Chaniberlain. who prefers to remain anonvmous.

COLONEL J. S. COLLINS, who commands the let. Battalion of the Queens, has been offered the Battalion of the Queens, has be6n offered the command in the Belgaum district of India in succes- sion to Sir R. C. Hart, who so distinguished himself in the Afghan, Egypt (1882), and Tirah campaigns. Colonel Collins, who has been thirty years in the Army, fought through the Burmese War of 1886-8, and afterwards brought himself into great prominence by his soldierly qualities and personal bravery dur- ing the fighting in the Malakand country. He also went through the Tirah campaign, in connection with which he was specially mentioned in dispatches and promoted in the service. Colonel Collins is one of the most popular officers in the Army, and there ought to be a great future before him. DR. KOSTER, the Boer officer, who was killed at Eland's Laagte, was a fairly proficient writer of Pit- man's shorthand, and could take a copious note in English. At one time he had an idea of adapting this system to the Dutch lauguage for reporting pur- poses, and in a painstaking fashion experimented with it. But he foupd phonography unsatisfactory in the extreme, and dropped the notion. He was a great admirer of the personality of the late Sir Isaac Pitmaui and expressed the notion that the phonotypy introduced by the worthy knight was the bumpiest fashion by which any foreigner could matter the pro* liunciation of English.

THREE YEARS ON DRY BREAD. The West Ham relieving^ officer was inquiring on Saturday into one of the most pathetic stories of poverty ever known in the district. The case was that of a Mr. and Mrs. Manning, an old couple, between 70 and 80. living close to the Brickfields Church, Stratford, and the Rev. Tom Warren at the guardians' meeting stated that he knew for a fact that the old people for threA years had lived on nothing else but dry bread. With the little out-relief they got, after they had paid the rent, there was only 3§d. a day to provide food for the two, and they had endured all this hardship rather than go into the workhouse. The board decided to grant the old couple 8s. per week.

BENSON MEMORIAL AT WELLINGTON. The Duke of Connaught was present at Welling- ton College on Sunday, on the occasion of the dedi- cation of the Benson aisle, which has been erected in the College Chapel as a memorial to the late Arch- bishop of Canterbury, who was one of the first masters at Wellington. ■ The Duke subsequently de- livered a brief address to those boys among the scholars who have relatives now on active service in South Africa.

GLADSTONE STATUE. A statue to the late Mr. Gladstone was unveiled at Blackburne by the Earl of Aberdeen on Saturday. It has been erected at the cost of 918W, gathered by public subscription, weighs about four tons, stands 10ft. high, and is the work of iMr. John Adams. His lordship asked what was it that caused Gladstone to have BO large a place in the hearts of his countrymen, and of the world, and the impress of his personality to be so deep and so wide P Not merely his great intellectual gifts, his marvellous eloquence, and personal charm, but because the motives that inspired the exercise of those talents, and the objects to which they were devoted, were those of the betterment of his fellow men, the promotion of freedom, and all that made for righteousness. He shone in many ways, and adorned many branches of our national life as whole.

HUNTING ACCIDENTS. Lord Henry Vane Tempest was thrown from his horse and injured whilst hunting with the Hurworth Hounds at Welbury, on Saturday; and the Hon. D. Lascelles, brother to Lord Harewood, was also hurt. The concluding cub hunting meet of the Belvoir Pack at Scalford on Saturday was marred, by an accident to Mr. H. Brassey, second lieutenant, in the Royal Horse Guards (Blue), who was under orders to join the composite regiment of Household Cavalry to pro- ceed to the Cape. During the opening run he was heavily thrown in attempting to open a gate, and re- ceived serious injuries, for, in addition to having two ribs broken, he was kicked on the head.

HOW TO PRONOUNCE SOUTH AFRICAN WORDS. A PHONETICS GLOSSARY OF SOUTH AFRICA* NAMES AJTB PLACES. The war has brought into prominence the names of many men, places, and things few people know anything of, and fewer still know how to pronounce correctly. The Daily Mail has been inundated with applications for information on so many different points, that the following small but fairly compre- hensive glossary is (our contemporary thinks) sure to be of use AFRIKANDER (Aff-ry-kander).—A white man born in South Africa of European stock. BKCIIUANALAND (Beteh-you-arna),-Taken into the Cape Colony in 1895 on west border of Trans- vaal. BEIRA (Byrah).—Port of Portuguese East Africa at mouth of Pungwe River. BERG.—A hill. BILTONG.—Strips of dried meat, used by Boers as provender on the veldt. BLOEMFONTEIN (Bloomfontane). Capital of the Orange Free State. BOOMPLAATS (Boom-plarts). Orange Free State defeated here by British in 1848. COMMANDO (COUl-inan-do).-An irregular regiment of Boers. COMMANDANT (Com-man-dant).-The chief officer of a cammando. COMMANDEER (Com-man-deer).—To requisition to call up a commando. CRONJE (Cron-jay).—A Boer general; has been re- ported killed, probably untrue. DE AAR (De Ahr).—Junction of lines in Cape Colony; about 500 miles from Capetown. DISSELBOOM (Dis-sell-boom).—The pole of an ox- waggon. DONGA (Dong-gah).—A deep ditch or waterhole with steep sides; a gaping crack in the ground. Do PPER.—The ultra-Puritanical Lutheran Church of the Boers. DORP.A village. DRIFT.—A ford through a river. ELANDSFONTEIN (Ee-lands-fontane).-Railway junc- tion between Johannesburg and Pretoria. ELANDs LAAGTE (he-lands-laarg-tay).—Scene of battle with Boers in Natal. British victory. FERREIRA, Colonel, C.M.G. (Ferrairah). — A dis- credited Boer jackal, created C.M.G. many years ago for presumed services rendered. FONTEIN (fontane).—A spring or fountain. GRAAFREINET (Grarf-rennet).—Excessively Dutch dis- trict in Cape Colony. SpEGORowsKi (Greg-or-off-sky).-Chief Justice of the Transvaal. GROOTE SCHUUR (Grewte Skoor). — The Great Granary," residence of Mr. Rhodes at Newlands, Cape Town. HOFMEYK, JAN (Hoff- mare).-Leader of the Afri- kander Bond in Capetown. Chief Dutch wira- puller. IHGANGANE (In-gang-garny).—Station on Natal Rail- way. Scene of fighting. JOUBERT General (Cheo-bare). Commander-in- Chief of the Transvaal forces. KALK BAY (Cork Bay).-Seaside resort close to Cape Town. KUAMA (Karma).—Chief of tha Bamangwato tribe; friendly to Great Britain. KLOOF.—A declivity or ravine on a mountain. KOPJES (koppies).—Small hills or boulders, or any rising ground of small dimensions. KRANTZ (krants).—A valley, or cleft between two hills. KURVEYOR (cur-vay-or).—A transport-rider; one in charge of an ox-waggon. LAAGER (larger).—Boer method of forming camp; waggons placed end to end, forming an oblong en- closure. LEYLS, Dr. (Laids).—Transvaal Minister Plenipoten- tiary in Europe, formerly State Secretary. MAFKKING (Maft'y-king).—Town in Cape Colony, eight miles from Transvaal border, besieged by Boers. Colonel Baden-Powell in command of de- fence. MAGALIESBERG (:Ma- har-lees- berg),-Range of moun- tains near Rustenberg, in Transvaal. Centre of tobacco culture. MUCIIUDI (Ho-tshoody).-Native town in Bechuana- land. NAAUWPOORT JUNCTION (Now-port). On Cape Colony line. Important railway centre. NACIITMAAL (Narcht-iiiarl).-Quarterly Communioa service in the Boer Church. NEK (Neck).- -The saddle connecting two hills. PONT.-A ferry over a river. POORT (Port).—A pass between mountain ranges. POTCHEFSTROO.H (Pot-cheff-strome).—Oldest town in Transvaal besieged in 1881 war. RAND.—Abbreviation of Witwatersrand. REITZ, Mn. (Rates).—At one time President of the Orange Free State, now Secretary of State for the Transvaal. RIEMPJB (Reempey).—Strips of sun-dried leather. ROOINEK (Royneck).—Red neck. Boer nickname for Englishman. SLUIT (Sloot).—A ditch or small watercourse on the veldt; usually dry. SPRUIT (Sproot).—A small river or stream. STEYN, Mr. (Stain).—President of the Orange Free State. TAAL (Tarl).—The low Dutch language spoken by the Boers. TCGELA River (Too-gay-lah).-Divides Zululand from Natal. UITLANDER (Oo-it.-landet).-Any man who is not a burgher of the Transvaal. VELDSCIIOEN (Felt-skoon).—Rough home-made boots worn by Boers. VIERKLEUR (Fear-clooer).-The four coloured Trans- vaal flag; red, blue, and white horizontal stripes with a broad green perpendicular stripe next to the staff. VILJOEN (Fill-chone).—A Boer commander. Re- ported dead. VLEI (Flay).-A pond or lake of small dimensions. VOLKSRAAI)(Folks-r,trd).-TheLeg;slative Assemblies of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. VOORLOOPER (Fore-loo per).—The man or boy leading the first couple of a team of 16 oxen drawing a waggon. VOORTRKKKER (Forz-trekker).-The older generation of the Boers who explored the country to the north of the Transvaal in 1837 and later. VRYIIEID (Fray-hade).—Small township in Trans- vaal. VRYBURG (Fray-burg).—Chief town of British Bechuanaland.

THE LANDLORD AND TENANTS OF RIETFONTEIN. The farm of Rietfontein, where the engagement took place the other day, extends to about 8000 acres. It is leased by Messrs. Pepworth and Reid. The farm and a considerable quantity of the territory in the neighbourhood is owned by Mr. Hutchison, a Kinross-shire man. This gentleman has a reputa- tion in Natal for being one of the best landlords is the country. Mr. Pepworth, one of the lessees of the farm, is a member of the Legislative Assembly of Natal, representing Klip River County; Mr. Reid, the other partner, is a native of Wormit, Fife, and has been nearly 10 years in Natal. The main railway line and the main road from Ladysmitb to Johannes- burg pass right through the farm. The farmers have for the most part engaged in cattle breeding.

CHINA AND THE GREAT POWERS. A dramatic incident occurred at the Commercial Congress at Philadelphia during the debate on trade relations with China. According to Reuter, the American delegates submitted a resolution express- ing apprehension at the policy of the Great European Powers in securing spheres of influence in China, with the result of excluding American trade. Mr. Reeves/the Agent-General for New Zealand, warmly appealed to the Congress no to do an injustice to Great Britain, which stood along among the countries of the world in equal trade privileges to all. Amid much applause the American delegates agreed to modify the wording of the resolution in accordance with Mr. Reeves' suggestion. The resolution, as amended, was then put and carried. I

ONE OF THE MAKERS OF MODERN IPSWICH. Mr. Edward Pickard Senior, J.P., who has just died in his 81st year at Smallburgh, near Norwich, may be so described. His father was a freeman of the borough- He was born in 1818, and after learn- ing the science and mystery of chemistry at Diss he established himself at Saxmundham, whence he re- moved to Ipswich, and under the advice of Professor Henslow, began experiments in the manufacture of artificial manure, and shared with Sir J. B. Lawes the honour of having revealed to agriculturists the value of artificial fertilisers, and of having brought them into general use. His business increased by leaps and bounds, and he established branches in Ireland and Germany. The deceased, was the first among artificial manure manufacturers to produce his own sulphuric acid, which was brought over from $pain, with the result that specially composed manures are now made for every conceivable crop. The use of phosphoric acid for the, classification of sugar cane juice as recommended by Monsieur Leon Ehrmann, of Jamaica, was carried out by deceased's .firm. He was an Alderman of Ipswich (Mayor many years ago); a J.P. for the borough and county, and the President of the Ipswich Museum.

LANDLADY Well, there's no accounting for taøtes!'w',Boarder,MVei- "true., This coffee, ,for instance."

COCOA-The National Drink. NEVER in the history of the world has Cocoa been ±1 so much held in favour as a national drink as it is at the present day. Yet there are Cocoas and Cocoas. }I1,;ssHs. FRY have pained no fewer than 275 GOLD MEDALS and DIPLOMAS, and their Pure Concen- -v oa is the result of an accumulated experience ill i" which places this well known Firm JjrfgySy*feafejiiiPifew at .in advantage far above all the rivalry existing amongst IB firms of latter-day grovrth. rhere is no better beuerag.thalf FRY'S SF/PU"E CONCENTRATED COCOA Of^whieh Dr Andrew (..in•on., mm ideal of perfection." JTTST THREE WORDS are necessary in order topet the right Cocoa, viz., Ptfuw CONCENTR"- TED.