The Welsh Coast Pioneer and Review for North Cambria

"A CHURCHYARD COUGH" Declared Hopeless, but Cured by VHN0'5 LIGHTNING COUGH CURE. Mr J. Churchill, of Dowlish Wake, Ilminster, Some reef:, says:— "Nearly 30 years a.go I contracted inflamma- tion of the lungs which left me with Bronchial Asthma of a very severe type, my cough was so bad that people said if ever they heard a. 'churchyard cough,' I had it, and at times the paroxysms were so bad that I could not lio in bed. Three doctors said I would never get better, but at last I was induced to. try Veno's Lightning Cough Cure, and eoon found I was on the right track at last, and now thanks to your extraordinary remedy my aistdima U3 entirely gone, and I am at work as hard as ever." Veno's Lightning Cough Cure is the purest, Safest, and moat reliable remedy extant for coughs and colds, bronchitis, asthma, catarrh, core throat, hoarseness, old-age ooiigis, children's ooughe, and all ohest and liuiig troubles. Price 9^d, Is l £ d, and 2s 9d, of all chemists and drug stores everywhere.

The "Pioneer" is recognised as one of the most popular papers in the Principality. Spleutfid medium for advertieert.

STOCK EXCHANGE VALUES. STARTLIG FIGURES. 387 STOCKS FALL ^"342,000,000. The "Daily Telegraph" City Editor writes Despite a moderate recovery in December, the year 1907 has been a disas- trous one on the Stock Exchange. During the twenty years that the valuation of pub- lic securities has appeared in the "Bankers' Magazine," there has been no depreciation approaching that which has occurred dur- ing the past twelve months. The maga- zine's list of 387 stocks is thoroughly repre- sentative of active securities dealt in on the Stock Exchange, and on these stocks (which have a nominal capital value of there has been net deprecia- tion for the twelve month of no less than ^"342,000,000, or an average fall of practi- cally 9 per cent. Moreover, the decline has followed pre- vious years of depreciation, and it is not surprising, therefore, that the strain of this further fall should have produced condi- tions of severe financial depression. Three main influences, says the journal, may be said to have governed the stock markets during the year, which, in order of impor- tance, may be enumerated as follows Dear money, the collapse in American credit, and continued distrust of the Government's policy. To take the last-named factor first, its influence was more directly felt during the first half of the year. Incidents in con- nection with the arrangement of the Trans- vaal elections, the nature of the Budpet (with its Socialistic tendencies), and the subsequent promise of guaranteeing a Transvaal Loan, intensified the feelings of apprehension which had been aroused in financial circles and among investors gene- rally during the first year of office of the present Ministry. Even greater influence, however, was exercised by the high value of money and the breakdown in American credit which occurred later in the year. As regards the former, it may be said that it was a case of the endurance of speculative holders of all high-class securities being worn out hu the prolonged spell of dear money while the collapse in American securities was so pronounced as to occasion forced liquida- tion in almost every department of the House." The department showing the greatest aggregate shrinkage is, of course, that for American securites, where the decline for the twelvemonth on seventeen stocks alone is or about 32 per cent. American bond issues are also considerably lower, in spite of the fact that there has been a considerable recovery during the last weeks. Consols have established a fresh low re- cord during the year (80£), and the depart- ment for British and Indian funds shows a net decline at the end of the year of nearly 32 millions sterling, or about 4 per cent. All home securities have been an especially depressed market, and in the autumn most of the leading stocks touched the lowest rsint for very many years past, the depre- dion being accentuated by apprehensions of a great strike of railway employees. The settlement of the threatened labour difficul- ties occasioned a very sharp rally, however, during the closing weeks of the year, but there is still a shrinkage to note on twenty- six English railway stocks of 1. millions, or about per cent. In prior-charge issues of English railways, the percentage decline is even greater, owing to the dearness of money.

WILL OF AN EX-HIGH SHERIFF OF DENBIGHSHIRE. ESTATE OF THE LATE MR R. D. ROBERTS. Mr Robert David Roberts, of Bron-y- Graig, Corwen, Merioneth, and of 5, St. James' Road, Liverpool, senior partner in the firm of Messrs David Jones and Co., wholesale grocers and tea merchants, of 33, ö¡; L<.L a. partnto"r in the Bala Mineral Water Company, J.P. for Denbighshire and for Merioneth, and High Sheriff of Denbighshire in 1904, a member of the County Council of Merio- nethshire, who died on March 23rd, aged 62 years, eldest son of Mr John Roberts, of Maerdy, Denbighshire, left estate of the gross value of £ ,"63,689 5s 5d, of which the net personalty has been sworn at os 2d. Probate of his will, dated May 26th, 1905, with a codicil of August 23rd, 1906, has been granted to his sons Mr John Nathaniel Roberts, of Inveruga, Bar- mouth; Mr Wm. Owen Roberts, of 21, Falkner Square, Liverpool; Mr Robert David Roberts, of Bron-y-Graig, Corwen; and Mr Thomas Llewellyfi Roberts, of 5, St. James's Road, Liverpool, wholesale grocers. The testator left £150 each to his nieces, Myfanwy Roberts, Gladys Roberts, and Olwen Roberts, and his nephew, Ivor Roberts, children of his brother, William Thomas; £100 to his wife, and to each of his daughters, Christiana Ellen and Lizzie absolutely, but giving his trus- tees power to invest these sums with, or lend them to, the firm of David Jones and Co., for a period of ten years, at four per cent., and he left a life annuity of £20 to his servant, John Davies. The residue of his property he left to his wife for life, and on her decease, left all his interest in the business and works at Bala, carried on by him in partnership with Mr Tohn Parry, and known as the Bala Mineral Water Company, to his son John Nathaniel; his plate and linen equally between his daughters Lizzie and Christiana Ellen, his other furnitun, and Bron-y Graig to his daughter Christiana Ellen, blocks of real estate to each of his several children, and the residue of his property to his six chil- dren, John Nathaniel, W- Owen, Robert David, Thomas Llewellyn, Christiana Ellen, and Lizzie in equal shares.

DISPUTE BETWEEN NEIGHBOURS AT RUTHIN. THE OWNERSHIP OF A HEDGE Judge Moss has forwarded to the Regis- trar of the Ruthin County Court his re- served judgment in the case of Hough v. Jones, heard in that court last Monday- The plaintiff was Elizabeth Hough, wife of Mr Alfred Hough, proprietor of the Portland Hotel, Birkdale, near Southport, who claimed 20s from Miss C. P. Jones, of Conway Street, Mold, as damages to property. She further claimed an injunc- tion to restrain the defendant from tres- passing on her property. Mr R. Vincent Johnson (Ruthin) appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr Churton (Chester) for the defen- dant. The plaintiff contended that she was the owner of Tanyronen, a small house in the neighbourhood of Graigfechan, Ruthin, used by herself and family as a summer retreat. The next adjoining property was Tanyrwyth, owned by the defendant, who one day in July uprooted posts, which held up some trellis work on a hedge in front of Tanyronen. The plaintiff, it was alleged, remonstrated with Miss Tones, but the latter became insolent, and had the gates and trellis work thrown into the footpath. The defence was that the hedtre on which the trellis work had been built was part of. the Tanyrwyth property. The Judge gave judgment for the plaintiff on all points, with costs.

THE LATE MR ALGERNON POTTS. The funeral took place on Saturday at Llanferres Churchyard, near Mold, of Mr Algernon Potts, who was a magistrate for the counties of Flint and Denbigh, and who died on Christmas Day, after a few days' illness, at the age of 58 yars. He resided t Glanyrafon, Llanferres,

WELSH MUSEUM. THE NATIONAL LIBRARY. PROGRESS OF THE YEAR. The year 19Q7 will be memorable for another and important step in the direction of emphas- ising the essentially distinctive national entity of the Welsh people. "Wales a nation" was the cry raised by the late Mr Thomas E. Ellis, which contributed so largely to his personal in- fluence and popularity. The justice of the Welsh demand for separate national recognition has been admitted bv successive Administrati ns —-in the Welsh Sunday Closing Act, in the es- tablishment of a national system of seoondarv schooIs in the founding of Welsh national col- leges, in the creation of a National University. To these, and other of like type. we have now to add the creation by Royal Charter of a Na ional Museum and of a National Library— essential adjuncts to her system of national edu- cation, elementary, secondary, and higher, too long withheld from her. This is not the place to enter into the contro- versial aspect of the question in its relation to local rivalries inevitably aroused by the creation of new institutions. We may, however, be permitted to point out that the selection of Cardiff as the site for the National Museum affords another proof of the advance which the city has made of reoeait years in popular esti- mation aa the only possible serious claimant for the honour of being recognised as the METROPOLIS OF WALES. Apart, however, from this, Cardiff had. both by effort and sacrifice, in the past made the selection of any other town for this particular purpose practically impossible. Cardiff pos- sessed a. larger as well as a more representative selection of objects necessary to constitute the nucleus of a national collection than all the other towns of the Principality taken together could produce. Thus the new institution is launched under conditions which make its future success assured. That Cardiff has not been treated i,n the charter itself with that considera- tion which her past, no less than her future, necessary sacrifices jus ly entitled her to, is now matter of common repute. Still Cardiff has shown on this, as on previous occasions. her ability to rise ab-we purely local considera- tions the better to enable her to se-rve the in- terests of nation to be whose capital is her worthy ambition. Aberystwyth owes largely to the personal en- thusiasm and munificence of Sir John Williams the possession of the National Library. Al- though at the present moment Cardiff, in the Welsh department of her unrivalled Free Li- brary and in the various Welsh collections housed af the University College possesses a more truly National Library than Aberystwyth can hone to possess for some years to come, the cwtr'bii- tions, present and prospective, of Sir John Wil- liams mark the Aberystwyth collect on with a 'Hst.inc' ive character of its own to which even Cardiff cannot aspire. There is an old Welsh proverb from which both the Museum at Cardiff and the Librarv at. Aberystwvth may draw comfort. for the futura "I'r part y rhed y dwr." Card;ff and Aberystwyth constitute two great national reser- voirs to which everv stream of NATIONAL GENEROSITY in the shape of gifts suitable for Museum and Library .respectively will .now naturally gravi- tate. The result will be that every succeeding year will gradually but surely see each of these more and more enriched, and consequently more and more capable of fulfilling the great national object tor wnich they were created. In this connection it woulu, perhaps, be less than generous were we not to oognffie the ser- vices being rendered by the Welsh Librarian at the University College of North Wales in etrengthening that collection. Before the estab- lishment of the National Library at Aberys- twyth there had existed a friendly rivalry be- tween the two colleges fcr the possession of the beet and most representative Wckh Library. Cardiff, as has already been said, was already eo far ahead that she had no occasion to par- ticipate in this competition. But, Mr J. H. Da- vies, at Aberystwyth, and the Rev. Thomas Shankland, at Bangor, ever and everywhere came into competition with each other wherever the.e was any prospect of further enriching the exist- ing collection of books. Undaunted by the for- tune which favoured Aberystwyth as the selected site for the National Library, Mr Shankland hat; persevered in his efforts to make the Bangor Welsh Library worthy of the college with which it. is associated.—Roview of the Year 1^07. "South Wales Daily News," Dec. 27th, 1907.

LLANliWS! HUBAL DISTRICT COUNCIL. Thr- monthly meeting of the above Council was held at the Wo. khouse, Llanrwst, on Tues- day, the Rev. H. Rawscn WilLams presiding. other members p.esent. were. J^les-rs Joan Roberts, J.P., Peiitrevoelas (\ ice-cna.rman); Rowland Hughes and Robert Williams, Eglwys- baeh; David Owen, Llanddoget; Wm. Evan's. Ysbytty; Edward Edwards, Tyddyn Du; Wm. Williams, Llangerniew; David Lewis, Pant LhÍi John Davies, Gwytherui; with the Clerk (Mr R. R. Owen), and the Surveyor (Mr Maurice Ro- berts). EGLWYSBACH WATER ROAD. A letter was read from Mr Richard Roberts. clerk of a parish meeting held recently for the purpose of discussing the Rhiw water road. There was a good number of ra.cpayers pre ent. Several complaints were put before the chairman t'at during the winter months the road was about two feet deep of water, and more at times, and very dangerous for vehicles, and especially so with valuable animals* The ratepayers were unanimous on the matter that the necessary im- provements should be made. and that the cart- age should be paid out of the rates. Mr Robert William?, in reply to the Chairman, said it was the unanimous wish of the rate- payers. Mr' Rowland Hughes, however, said that the parish was not unanimous about the making of the road. There was only a very small poition of tho parish that required improvement. It was < r.'ly of very small interest to the whole parish. If they expended money on it, they must have three horsc-s to bring a load from IJanrw: to Eglwysbaeh. There were more needed impiovetneiits in Eglwysbach than this one. There Were several members of the dif- ferent Parish Councils who would second any- thing if it was to their interest, and did not care whether the rate was 20s i.n the B. Mr Rob rt Williams said there were 27 rate- payer." present at the meeting. He considered that the action of Mr Rowland Hughej in ab- senting himself from the parish meeting and ooming- to that. Council to fight against it was quite unfair. It was agreed to unanimously by the ratepayers. If other ratepayers were agan-st the improvement they should be present at the nireiing. Mr John Roberts also felt that Air Rowland Hughes had not done his duty by absenting himself from the parish meeting, and in re* 1 to a question by Mr Roberts, Mr Rowland Hushes said that if he lived anyw.heTe in the vicinity of thu road he would be quite willing to have it done (laughter). Mr Edward Edwards t.hought that Eglwysbaeh should by quiet for some time .now, as they were continually having improvements. It was decided after & long discussion, to ad- journ tho matter for a month, in order to see how much ca.rting would be required. PANDY TUDUR BRIDGE. The Clerk of the Denbighshire County Coun- cil wrote in reply to the application of the Council for payment of 30 for improvement I canied out. by the Council at Pandy Tudur I Bridge. He found on referring to the order for payment of money that the treasurer had been authorised to pay the Council thai sum. He Wt1$ writing the treasurer that night inquir- ing the reason whv the sum had-not been paid. VITAL STATISTICS. The Medical OiTtoer of Health reported that during November there were five a.nd nine deaths, making the- death-rate 34.7. Last year there were 10 births and 5 deabhs, giving a rate of 13.6. One case of diphtheria was reported during the month.

ENGINE JDIUVEK'S S/ID END. TRAGIC DEATH ON THE EVE OF RETIREMENT. A sensation was caused at Crewe on Fri- day by the death, under tragic circum- stances, of Mr Ben Robinson, the oldest and best-known driver on the London and North-Western Railway. Robinson was about to. retire from the service, and 011 Thursday brought in the rish boat express from Holyhead. He would in the ordinary course" havè entered upon his retirement on Friday. On the way home he tell in the street, and died on Friday morning. Robinson was the driver of the Royal train for many years, and of the train which won the famous race to Scotland some years ago, and broke the long-dis- j tance record on the North-Western line. He had been in the company's service for fifty years, and had charge of the most important Irish and Scotch expresses. Deceased was well-known on the North Wales Coast, having for a number of xeaïs worked the 10-5 a.m. train from Chester to Holyhead, commonly known as the "London paper" train. He returned daily on the Irish boat express, and it was after" booking off" from this train that he fell, as stated. <■ -V, V..

PRETTY WEDDING AT OLD I COLWYN. JONE-LLOYD. A pretty wedding was solemnised at St Cath- erine's Church, Old Colwyn, on Boxing Day, the contracting parties being MLas M. E Hoyd. third daughter of Mr and Mi-s J. W. Lloyu, of the Marine Hotel, Old Colwyn, and Mr E D. Jones, of Colwyn Bay. lhe bride was attended by her sister. Miss Flo Lloyd, as bridesmaid. Mr H. R. Davies, HolbOrtl Houc-e, Colwyn Bay undertook tbe duties of best man, wtnlst "he bride was given away by her father. Tne off Oxi-ing cleigv were the Rev. J. Griffiths, M.A. (vicar), assisted by the Rev. Ll. A. Ricnards Appropriate music wa., playeu toy Mr 1). Owen as tne guests assembled, wml. as the happy Oouple let. too saercl editic^, ne performed Men- delssohn's "Wedding March." '1 '10 ceremony attended by a large num- ber of friends, a..d a number of sightseers congregated oatside the Cnurcli. Aner tne ceremony a reception was held at the Marine Hotel, and subsequently tne happy pair leit by t-.e 6 o'clock t'ain for London on their iwMieymoon. THE DRESSES. The bride worea pretty gown of ivory silk erepe-de-ehine over latfeta chiffon, trimmed with Brussels ApilqUeo, the oodice having a yoke of tucked cloiffoll and straps of Silver passmentri6 With t "is was worn a chiffon veil and ehaplet of oiange bloss nxs. She also carried a shower oouquei of marguerites, JiLes oi tne valley, and tulips, tied with white chiffon streamers. Tne bride's travelling costume was of navy blut* with hat to match. Sne also wore an ermine far and muff. rtft, biideomaid, Miss Flo Lloyd, wore a white cloth ooat and skirt. The coat had white vel vet collar a.nd cuffs, and was trimmed with tur- quoise blue passmentrie. She also wore a white chiffon blouse and a white velvet hat with os trich plumes, and carried a beautiful bouquet of marguerites and red tulips, the gift of the. bride- groom. The bride's mother wore a handsome gown of petunia chiffon taffetas trimmed with velvet, a vest of cream tucked crepe-de-chine edged with pnssmentrie, in shades of petunia, and a bonnet to match. Mrs James Roberts, aunt of the bride, was at- tired in a gown of rich black silk eoli.ne over satin, trimmed with folds of silk. The vest was of cream t.ucked net, with a bonnet of rucked heliotrope velvet. Mrs Edward Lewis, the bride's sister, was neat- ly gowned in mauve silk taffeta, trimmed with honlton lace apliq' es. silk spotted net, and Ghemello ornaments. Her hat was of dark mauve crinoline, trimmed with French pansies and plumee.. Mis W. R. Read, another sister of the bride, wore a shot silk green and blue gown, with ermine necklet and muff. and white hat, trimmed with panne velvet and wings. Mrs E. E. Roberts, also sister of the bride, wore Wedge wood striped silk trimmed with velvet and silk bdbfringe and cream net. with black and wrhite crinoline hat trimmed with velvet, jet buckle and ostrich plumes. Mrs J. A. Lloyd was attired in powder-blue taffetas, the bodice being trimmed with frills of cream net, edged with Valenciennes lace and Dolly Varden hat of the same shade tri-mmed with velvet ribbon and fruit. The bridegroom's mother wore black satin wit-h vest of cream eatin and lace and silk apliquee w;th bonnet to match. Miss Jones, the bridegroom's sister, wore turquoise blue crepe de chine over silk hand- somely trimmed with lace, and hat of the same colour with mauve flowere. Miss Sallie Jones, another feister of the bride- groom, wiore cream crepe de ohine trimmed with lace over silk foundation with hat to match. Miss Ada Jones, the bridegroom'^ nioce, wore wihite ju.p eilk, prettily made with "frills of same, and lace and white hat trimmed with chiffon and plumes. LIST OF THE PRESENTS. Bridegroom to bride, gold bracelet; bride to bridegioom, signet ring; bridegroom to brides- niaju, ruby diamond horse-saoe ring; bride to uoct ma.n, gold brcaet pm; bride's parents, household linen, piano, and oak drning table; AJLis Lewis (fcister of bride), cheque; bride- grooms mother, marble timepiece and vate.>; Aiies Ada Joneo (bridegroom's niece), pair eilver- uiounted flower vases; Mr J. B. Lewie-, Trawe- tyny-dd, silver tea and coffee sorvice; Mr and Mrs J. A. Lloyd, New bngnton, pearl and silver lifiih carvers; Mr and Mns W. R. Read, case of tisih eaters; Moasis Hugh Lloyd, John Lloyd, Und Thomas Davey, Liverpool, handa^me silver gilt fruit stand; Mr W. Jones, Flas Madoo (brother of bridegroom), silver dessert, spoons and forks; Mr and Mrs Marfell, silver cruet ctand; Mr and Mis Roberts, Elwy Villa, copper kettle on stand; Mr S,. WiUiamii, Colwyn na.y, white oc-unterpajK!; Mrs Morris, Colwyn Bay, sJver a.nd Doulton jam dish; Mies Nellie Jones, 1 raftf-iynydd, damaek t-aiblo cloth; Mr and Mrs Ellis JonoF, Colwyn, silver jam dish; Rev. J. Griffiths, Colwyn, silk cushion; Mr Mark Da- vies, pair bracket bordere; Mr and Mrs F. I Booth, pair bia-ss candlesticks; Mrs Jones, Traws- fynydd, tray cloths, handkerchiefs, and antique china; Mr Davies, LiverpooJ, Worcetier vase; Mrs T. Evans, Liscard., oo.ppc.r water jug; Mr Williams, Liverpool, pair brar-g photo frames; Mr and Mrs Hannah, embroidered tea cloth; Mr and Mrs Lunt, pa.ir silver-mounted salt cellars; Mii-s Nancy Lloyd, silk cushion; Mr and Mrs Roberts, Bryn Rodyn, table cloth; Mrs Lj()J" (-u:»brae, fruit backet; Mr and Mrs W. P. Joi-j?, silver inkstand; Miss Winnie Jones, photograph; Miss Parry, Llanelian, damask table cloth; Mrs Abbott, cut-glass dish; Mrs Morris, Colwyn, pair of vases; Miss E. Ro- berts, Chester, silver Elugar bowl and tongs; Mr and Mrs Jonee, Te-yrdan, handsome silver tea- pot; Mr and M.b Evans, Lodge Hotel, hand- painted fire fcrecn; Miss Jenny Williams, silk cushion; Mr J. Jones, juna\, Grimsby House, silver candlestick; Miss OweJl, Colwyn Bay, set oif vases;.Mr and Mre William Jones, copper kettle and cheese dish; Mr' Porcy Williams, silver candlestick; Mr H. R. Davies, silver egg- fctand; Mr and Mrs Saundenson, silk cushion; Mrs Reginald Roberts, pair eut-slass front bottles in case; Mr a.nd Mrs Llew. Jones, silver candlesticks; Mrs James Roberto (bride's aunt), cheque; 1 Mr and Mrs. Owen, Sehool House, silver pickle JIlT; Miss Florence Lloyd, tea ser- vice; Mr and Mrs J. Wynne, silver v toast rack; Miss M. E. Wynne, silver pickle. fork and jam frpoon; Mr and Mrs Bleakley, Oxidised silver letter rack: Mr" V. Jones., Sefton Park, hand bag; M!13 Pryoo Jones, Minafon, silver rote bowl on ebony plinth.

LANDLORD AND TENANT. SPEECH BY LORD ROSEBERY As usual at this season, the Earl of Rose- berv entertained the tenants on his various estates at dinner at Dalmeny House, and replying to the toast of his health made an important reference to the Small Hold- ings Bill. Lord Rosebery, who, on rising to reply, was warmly greeted, said This year has been notable for another circumstance in connection with Scottish agriculture. '1 here has been an attempt by the most powerful Government of modern times to remodel the whole system of Scottish, agriculture. There has been an attempt to extend to the whole of Scotland, a country which be- lieves itself able to set an example in agri- culture to the rest of the world, that croft- ing system which, suited co meet particular exigencies and particular ends, is certainly not a model of what agriculture should be, nor can it be a mode! in the conditions under which it is pursued. But it has been sought to extend this system all over the most fertile and the most highly cultivated parts of Scotland. Now this extension is to be presided over, or was to be presided over, by a Land Court on the Irish system. and by Lord Commissioners, also on the Irish- '.ystem. Well, the example of Ire- land is one that we have not hitherto been accustomed to follow in Scotland, and I am not sure that any country is likely to imitate it with any great advantage to itself. But of this 1 am quite certain, that the extension of the Irish system to Scot-; land is one that can only-spell disaster] to all engaged in agriculture. W e have seen the results in Ireland, we have seen the long agrarian civil war raging in In- land, and that civil war: seems not even- vet to have reached its termination or its culminating point. To a large extent in Scotland 1 think we, landlords and tenants, have been an agricultural fraternity— (cheers)-not indifferent to each other's wel- fare, and producing, under these circum- stances, higher results than are produced bv any other system of agriculture in the world- But, gentlemen, this intervention is not proposed in the interests of agricul turc at all. There is no mention of the interests of agriculture in the advocacy of these proposals. That I think is the strangest part of them. Lord Rosebery I went on to discuss other aspects of the measure. (,

I PRACTICAI, I,- I 11 I By Primrose McConnell,B.Sc.

I WELSH CATTLE. I The history of Welsh cattle has still to Be written, and so far as an outsider can judge it is a very complicated one. In the olden times there appears to have been a distinct breed or variety in every county or district in Wales, and the names of some of these we are quite familiar with at the pre- sent day. In the north we had the Angle- sea, the Carnarvon, and the Cardigan-the latter of which was the Welsh Runt" of English feeders. Later on these were merged into the North Wales Black," with a herd book of its own. In the south the principal breeds were the Pembrokes, the Castle Martin Black, and the Dews- land, out of which was chrystallised the South Wales Black." Nowadays the Welsh Black Cattle Society represents the whole of Wales, and one type of animal is being developed. Welsh cattle generally are much appreciated by feeders in the Mid- lands, and they form large contingents at all the fairs in the south of England. FATTENING AND MILKING. Their most distinguishing feature is their hardiness, and though sometimes being blamed as slow feeders, yet the carefully bred varieties fatten as quickly as any other. They do not of course reach the heavy weights of some of the very largest breeds a two-year-old Shorthorn bullock will reach 1400 lbs. of live-weight, while the corresponding Welshman runs up to about 1300 lbs. Welsh cattle are fairly good milk- ers, though dairy records are almost un- known, but good milkers can easily be found, for the present writer has himself handled some of them. It is worthy of note in connection with this that a Carnarvon cow won the championship at the Dairy Show in the early years of the milking tests. It is a remarkable fact that the Board of Agriculture returns show that more cattle to the number of acres are kept in Anglfesea than anywhere else in Great Britain. It is satisfactory to see that Welshmen are alive to the possible improve- ment and development of the modern standard animal. POTASH. There is the possibility in the future that our supply of potash manures may give out, and the question is being discussed as to where the next lot is to come from. It ap- pears that we are wholly dependent on the German mines for what we want, and as the mineral known as felspar is pretty com- mon, and contains up to 17 per cent. of potash it is suggested that ground rock containing this material might take the place of kainite and similar salts, when these are exhausted. Even common granite rock contains enough felspar to show from 3 to 5 per cent. of potash, and it is sug- gested that even this might be called into use. On the other hand it is pretty safe to say that potash salts will have to rise very high in price or some cheap method of ex- tracting them from these rocks will have to be discovered to make this source pay. THE NEED TOR POTASH. More than twenty years ago the late Dr. Aitken, chemist to the Highland Society, carried out some investigation into the mat- ter, and as the result certain firms got some Swedish felspar crushed and ground, only to find that it was no use as a competitor with flie ordinary Stassfurt salts. It is an- other question whether or not potash does any good as a manure at all. On some of the lighter soils it has effect-especially along with slag-but on the heavier soils it is useless, and in the writer's own case it does actual harm. This means that the de- mand will always be limited, and when the supply begins to peter out" we shall pro- bably be able to extract unlimited quanti- ties cheaply from the felspathic rocks. WINTER EGG PRODUCTION. At the present time there are several II Laying Competitions in progress in vari- ous parts of Lagland, and also abroad, the object of which is to decide as to the merits of the various breeds. Each pen, consists of four pullets, and these birds are well fed, given scratching-sheds and open runs, and every egg laid by individual birds is recorded by trap-nesting them. So far the White Wvandottes hold the record for open- runs, and Golden Wyandottes for the scratching-shed. A farmer may not be able to invest in pedigree birds of high price for his yard, but he can do a lot to improve his stock and raise the egg-average by means of pen-breeding. Select ten to fif- teen hens from amongst the stock, and take good straight-breasted typical birds of their breed, whether Leghorn, Orpington, or Wy- andotte, but above all take hens that were known to be fairly active layers as pullets; let these hens have a house and a place to themselves, and mate them up from now onwards, with a cockbird of ten months to two years old, of a pure breed, and especial- ly from some yard where there is a good laying strain. FOOD AND TREATMENT. Hatch outt the eggs from the special pen only, and keep the chickens growing from the" commencement, getting bones formed rather than flesh put on. When the pullets are about three and a half to four months they can be drafted into the laying-stock in the yards. During the winter, meat in some form is an imperative necessity for hens and pullets. The meat may be either butcher's trimmings minced and fed raw twice a week, or cooked, minced and fed with meals; meat meals and meat crissel can be used amongst the meals, green food and vegetables, such as boiled turnips and potatoes mixed warm with meals given in the morning will stimulate the laying. If the grain—wheat, oats and very occasional maize—can be fed in a sheltered shed on top of short litter then the hens will benefit by the exercise of scratching for their food. The houses must not be too warm, and well- cared-for hens repay the trouble of looking after them, but a week's semi-starvation of chickens whilst they are feathering up, often when running on stubble in the au- tumn, means a serious check to their laying in winter. Hens that are coming to their third niojilt are practically taking money out of their owner's pocket, and it is not advisable to keep hens beyond two and a half years, since their eggs diminish in number and size, whilst the hen puts on flesh, and will bring a fair price, sold alive, before any of the great Jewish festivals, that is in March and September. MIXED CROPS. The growing of two kinds of crops to- gether is an old practice, but it seems to have fallen out of use nowadays. In the north this mid crop was called mash- lam (meslin), and in the couth d-edge." The dredge of the south is usually a mix- ture of oats and barley, while the n. r hern mixture always contained oats and beans as a basis, but sometimes others were inculded —such as peas. In the olden time thJs corn mixture was ground into meal or flour, and baked into bannocks or bread for human consumption—this being one of the reasons why our forefathers were such strong and lusty men-but cheap wheat has put ail that out of date nowadays. For stock food, how- ever, a mixed corn v crop has many decided advantages. For green forage purposes rye ,nr>d ,<1 similar mixtures are often grown together, but growing a mixed crop for ripening purposes has several good points. OATS AND BEANS. Oats and beans sown in spring ripen very well together, but if there is any fear to the contrary the oats can be drilled in a week or so later than the beans. The writer has often grown this mixture with satisfactory ycsultg, the seed allowed being one bushel of oats three of beans per acre. The ad- vantages are these: the land is renovated by the growth of the beans, the thicker growth of oats prevents over-running with weeds, hand or horse-hoeing are not neces- sary, the mixture of bean and oat grain is the best stuff for grinding up for stock feed —especially for milk cows-and the bean and oat straw are exceedingly good for chop- ping up with the chaff-cutter. It might be said that we may just as well grow the crops separately and mix them in the barn afterwards, but rightly or wrongly we think we got a heavier crop with the two com- bined, and with aome of the advantages named above. in :yv..

F. A. CONNAH, Having t »ten up his Residence m COLWYN BAY, will be pleased to give his personal attention to any estimates required for the REPAIR, SUPPLY, or UP-KEEP of CYCLES, MOTORS, MAIL. CASTS, BATH CHAIKS, AND ATHLETIC GOODS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Any of the above can also be had FOR HIRE by the Hour, Day or Weefc INVALID CARRIAGES A SPECIALITY. Humber, Swift, Ralciglf. Singer, Wearwell, Balmoral, and Høyal Welsh Cycles, suppli ? for either CASH, EXCHANGE, or for EASY PAYMENTS. "UMBER CYCLES can all be fitted with the Humber Cardner Three-speed Gear and the Oil Bath. RALEIGH CYCLES were the first Cycles to be regularly fitted with the Three-speed Gear and set the fashion in this respect, while for years they have fitted the Oil Bath on thea. £ 12 12s. Od. j— SINGER'S GRAND MODELS have the Perfect Oil Bath as a standard in its equipment ar well as enher Two 01 Three-speed Gear. SWIFT CYCLES are also in the van of Speed Gears, Oil Baths, and other Up-to-date Points so get my quotations before you decide upon your New Mount. Liberal Allowances both for Old Machines and for Cash FRANKT A. 60NNAH, NORTH WALES CYCLE AND MOTOR CO, ABERJELE ROAD, COLWYN BAY. VALUE FOR MONEY I ~h Our Specialities:—BUTTER and TEA, "f Quality:—THE BEST. Prices:—RIGHT, I T. ROBERTS, Station Road, Colwyn Bay, GROCER, BAKER & PROVISION MERCHANT. EVERYTHING WE SELL WE GUARANTEE. Davies Bros., Butchers. WE have catered for the Public for many years. Our Business has grown If\t with the growth of the District, and our reputation for reliable and deli- cious Meat is stronger than ever. At this season of the year we offer MUTTON, BEEF, PORK, &c., of the PRIMEST QUALITY Which we belieye will give satisfaction to all who Buy Windsor House, Abtrgila M., Colwyn Bay, & Doughty BuildinC1 —————i^—ea—MB————^ .2 cannot be Dull ether Summer or ^Vxnter IF YOU POSSESS A fou cannot te Dull extker Gramophone. SIT DOWN NOW ad send a postcar for a Price List and full partIculars from A. Cheetham, A.T.S.C., ELECTRICIAN, ETC.. 12, QUEEN STREET, RHYL Telephone—3x2. Telegrams-" CHEETHAM," RHYL THE NEW SHERATON THE Gramophone Specialist of North Wales WITH PEDESTAL. THE LARGEST STOCK OF MACHINES AND RECORDS IN NORTH WALES. Several types of the Gramophone GRAND now on view in eluding the SHERATON GRAND" as supplied to the Queen for use at ISandringham. Machines, Records, etc., sent Carriage Paid to any part of the Country. REPAIRS TO ALL CLASSES OF MACHINES. -r Ä" "\11/1 III r Id J III ¡ili I A jyKessencjer of I Peace & Goodwill. Everybody knows that every good thing that can be done for soap- making IS done at Port Sunlight. f Mistress and Maid know how effective Sunlight Soap is in the home. Work is done quicker—clothes are made whiter—user and maker are happier, for they* both turn time to advantage. LEVER BROTHERS, LIMITED, PORT SUNLIGHT, ENGLAND. THE lAME LEVER OU A GUARANTEE OF PURITr FXCELLEKCt