The Welsh Coast Pioneer and Review for North Cambria

HORTICULTURAL NOTES. BY G. CIIISHOLM, IIORTICULTURIST, LLANRWST. ROOT DISEASES. It is not uncuimion to una iruit irvCo and other planks gradually i-.SJig; vitality, tme leaver boeommar smad and yellow, and the entire IlroivLh more or less stunted. A stu-tly of sucn plants a.ud tihoir surrcundisigs may xev-eai t'iie iaot that the roots have bean a-owiy kiJJEod, and bite plants beuig ittiiable to get proper iood and water have diod of starvation!, complicated, it ifi true, with other troubles wlix-h necessarily ac- company the destruction, of the roots. The cteaUh of the roots mav have been duo to lack of air in tiie soil, this bei.ng the direct result of tho Si2» and arrangement of the soil grains. Soils ctf this kiild. and tiitev aoe not uncommon, are quickly made wet. and as soon as the water be- tween the grains cxceods a oeirtaun. aur.ouut, circulation of the air is stopped, tile activity ot organisms .uecessarv to the life of tne soil is ciieckcd, the roots a.ro slowly sultI..0-ave,J, and- a ioatg train of other changes fellow, u.tld as a final result the plant daes. Of oouise, it must be understood that the more yellowing of the leaves of tihe ulant. aecomuamed by a dwarlLug of growth, is not always brought on by the conditions deaaiibed. Other surrounding* may produce baaular results, and it is on tnis ac- count that the aues; ions involved are often so pc.i plexmg. In tdie iust described neither fungi iior imeots have played any importajit part, aLthoug^i it is not uncommon to find cer- tain forms present in advancod stages of the diseaae. 'lh.:6: Itowever, are to be looked upCiTi more in the nature of scavengers, as they play no important, uart in the read death of the plant. ■'Chancres brought about by man." We ma.y 'd .,low c?ons '-6r a scoonli iri A,uich changes in the functions are inadvertently brought on by man. and as a result of these changes a fumrus. whidh undor normal condi- tions cGOild not obtain a foothold upon the plaiit, coaxes in and carries destruction a.nd death to the nbnt. It is occasionaly the prac- tice in orchard work and in casos where trees are grown for shade and ornamout to severely prune them. Sometimes this is done to top gratft with other varieties, and sometimes merely to reme-yo what is considered an excessive growth of wood. Frequently the cutting away of large branches throws the functions of the tree entire- ly out of balance. The plant has grown with a. certain relation between the development of its rootj and branches, and if a considerable num- ber cif the later aire .removod a dill-, DortHm of the roots, if left, must eventually die, for She t-OD of the tree wiR not be able to sup- nort them in health. In the various destructive -■h<iricoa whioii take nlaoe at such a time, the whole tree mav become involved. The partly decaying roots bring about changes in the food supply, a.nd this in causes an impcrfect de- velopment of all tihe tissues above ground. the leaves, branches, and trunk becoming more or less weakened, and consequemtly leas able to re- sist the attacks of outside organisms. Under 3uoli co,njit' Ic' long the tree often attacl?ed by a funaUs which slowlv kills the. living IF-OO of the trunk and Jararer bnanclies. Event ualy the trunk may be entirely gi.dled by tins organism, and the tree will in conseauence die. 'ar As lop, func.)fis normally tho fungus is unable to g'am a foot- hold, although perhans present at all times. Were it .net £ or the action of the fungus the tree vf u d doubtleas have evemtually adapted it- self '<> the ohangou conditions, and with proper care would have recovered. FUNGOUS DISEASES. Now turning our attention to &,I example where the fungus itself takes the aggressive jart from the staa-t, wo may cite, the case otf tne well-know.n potato blight, or downy mildew, which in 1)3,5t years has been the oauaie of a loss off thousands of pounds in this and other countries. Potato fi lds which, throughout the season have been green and vigorous, when at- t,acked by this sudderLl, tu?rl brown i In J'Ltlv -x,iid &nd A-it-hin a few days the Plant,3 rott,,n, foul-?,n-ieEi,n., i-nosli. An examination of t'le- faiiaafe of the diseased plants eoon after they commence to ttirn biown reveals little to the eve. lIeN and there tufts of a whitish, downy growth may be seen scattered over the surface of the leaves, but without the -cl it i,3 to niake ti?IIZ ()Ut Cl t'il'OM, tlliat I)r,xti:iht into us, how -ever. it is seen that tii,, downy. frosli-like growth consists of a. miniature forest of delicate, whitish, threads, branched, a,ud rebranched like the limbs of a. tree. Upon the. ends of tho delicate branches minute ogg-shaped, colourless bodies are seen, a.nd they break off easily if slightly touched. By proper manipula- tion of th ()rkl-) i.tti.e t,r,(,C-o microlle, it will be s,,eii that the I like L,-rowtbs send tii?c?ir deli<??fo thrmjs down into the tissues off the leaf, and that where- ever they oome iin contact with the tissues they rob them of their nourieihment, and use it in building UD their own. structures. Tiie AM-all, egg-shaped bodies de&cnbed are for the purpose otf reproduction, fulfilling the same office as tbo -eed of ?ioher I:t-un or dew or slight ourrenta of air cau,??e bodie,- I io break f 'oln tiheir -dol 'mto Supports. Many are lc?-,t or destroyed, but mainv others reach healthy po- tato Leaves, they cv.rmin.atf> and produce the same kind of delicate threads as those from whioh they originated. Ln this way tho disease iis T&I)idly a few 4ay.4 1>.21tlg .noceg- 'sa alc,Dc L ive czop 0, rL saeiv for each ?pmductive bocL?e?,; to deVelOD, a?nd as mill,,K)ns are !)rodticed on ewh lold it wili he &en that tlic, f?ingi,c) inay? tLn,d?,-r T),ror)er conditions, be quici??ly t,ed, unless oh?ecked L) 'a, .Y 'Ollie s?Dec' I)ml)aration For instance, in manv coaos it has been fou.nd practicable to prevent serious injury to crops by the application of these preparations known as fungicides. The efficacy of these fungicides in particular cases, and their effects cin the plant and on main himself, mtist all be considered. Then too. there are important questions in mech?Lnic.i lliat deiiiand attontion; fo,- imran- a, filnzici-de may Ix, c-h,ID arld offeot* d y-e't unl<-os it c.n be &Di)liled in filve' an eld wark all economical wa-l' it will I"ve to be diso?tyd--Idn All this work involves the art cf spraying planta, which has been developed practically wkhin the past f3w vears. but which has now reached a point whore it is iegarded 10 be 18 necessary as pruning or the cultivation and fertilisation of t he soil

NORTH WALES FIRE BRIGADES' UNION. r NNUAL DEMONSTRATION AT RHYL. SMART WORK BY BODRHYDDAN AND LLANDUDNO TEAMS. To-dav week the annual demonstration in con- nection with the North Wales District of the National Fire Brigade Union was held at Rhyl. The ground in Belle Vue made an ideal place for the gathering, the stand of the Football Club coming in most useful during the afternoon when JIeavy rain fell. The attendance, however, was disappointing, and there was not that reception given to the brigades which was a feature of former demonstrations. The reason for this was, no doubt, the fact that there had been some mis- understanding as to the habitat of this year's de- monstration. The arrangements, on the other hand, were all that could be desired. Captain W. Conwy Bell, the officer commanding, and Lieut. J. O. Hughes, the energetic secretary of the district, worked exceed'z,,i- and their arraligerzients ly hard, were excellently made. There was a parade through the streets early in the morning, the Rhyl Town Band heading the procession. Then when the men reached the football ground they were inspected by Col. Mellor, of Tanybryn, Abergele, one of the vice- 'dent, I pres' who c()mt-)I*mented officers and men on their smart appearance. He remarked that there had been a decided improvement since the first year of his connection with the Union. He con- sidered that this augured well for the future of the North Wales district, and should rouse greater interest in the future of the brigades. Captain Conwy Bell read a letter from Lord Mostyn, the president, who said that but for the fact of being abroad he would have been present that day (hear, hear). A letter was also read from Col. Scott, Dol- gelley, who regretted that he could not be pre- sent, a County Council meeting requiring his presence. He wished the demonstration all suc- cess. The brigades were then inspected for prizes. The judges were :-Mjor R. Cecil Davies, V.D., Chief Officer of the Hoole Fire Brigade; Mr Hobert Shaw, Manchester; C.O. J. W. Graham, Nelson; Dr Trevor Williams, Chester; who wero assisted by the following officialsCommanding Officer: Chief Officer W. Conwy Bell. J.P Flag Cffioers and Ring Masters r -Chief OSi? ir Thistiethwaite (Nantwich) and Sur,c(.)n-Col. W'il- liams; Tinie-keepers: Mr J. Ivor i-?av'es, Deputy- "hief -Constable of Flint,-hire; and 'Mr Alwyn I ,artei-, Carnarvon; Hun. Secretary: Lictit. J. 0. Hughes. Col. Mellor watched the competitions with in- terest, and there was also on the ground Mr B. IR. Isaac, of Liverpool, one of the vice-presidents of the Midland District, and a vice-president of the London Private Fire Brigades Union. Mr Isaac has attended these demonstrations lor many years, and on several occasions has acted as a judge. His long connection with the Widows and Orphans Fund of the National Fund Brigades Union is also well known. TtAMS AND WINNERS. The brigades which competed for the best drilled and turn-out tearh were the following:— Rhyl Brigade, Chief Officer, Thomas Pa-ry; tAbergeIe, Edward Williams; Bodrhyddan (Rhuddlan), W. Conwy Bell; Carnarvon, M. Conlan; Colwyn Bay, Thomas Roberts; Conway, F. A. Delamotte; Dolgelley, Edward E. Jones; Llandudno, John Owen; Llanrwst, T. R. Jones; Menai Bridge, J. 0. Knight; Mostyn Hall, Chas. :F. Aalbon; Oswestry, G. W. Lacey, C.E.; Prestatyn, A. Greenwood; Queensferry, Herbert Bavistow. [ The Bodrhyddan Brigade took Grst prize, and Carnarvon was second. ONE MAN MANUAL DRILL.-l, Abergele, 45 3.5 sees; 2, Bodrhyddan, 46 sees. The other times were:— Time. Penal- Gross ties, Oswestry (G. W. Lacey) 46 1.5 1 47 1.5 Queensferry (H. Bavistow) 46 2.5 3 49 2.5 Dolgelley (E. E. Jones) 48 4 52 Llandudno (John Owen) 52 4.5 52 4.5 Llanrwst (T. R. Jones) 63 3.5 63 3.5 Carnarvon (M. Conlan) 52 3.5 20 72 3.5 Colwyn Bay No drill. TWO MEN MANUAL DRILL.—1, Llandud- no, 24 sees.; 2, Oswestry, 24 3.5 sees. In this case one of the Oswestry Brigade practically did all the work, the other simply running out the hose. It was one of the smartest drills of the day. The other times were:- > Bodrhyddan 27 27 Abergele 27 — 27 Dolgelley b. 29 1.5 — 29 1.5 Queensferry 28 3.5 w 31 3.5 Llanrwst t,. 37 2.5 — 37 2.5 Carnarvon No drill SMART WORK BY LLANDUDNO. HYDRANT DRILL (BALL) WITHOUT KEY (DRY).—For the Byrne Challenge Shield, the gift of Mr Thomas Byrne. This proved to be one of the best competitions, and record time was made in it by Llandudno, who were the winners. In the first round Llandudno, Bod yhyddan, and Dolgelley tied with 16 seconds, and when the drill was gone through a second time Llandudno did it in 14secs, and Bodrhyddan in 15. Dolgelley were unfortunate through the dropping of their hose, which put them out of the running. It was a popular win, and cheers .were raised for the Llandudno team. The other times were:— Rhyl (T. Parry) 17 1.5 17 1.5 Colwyn Bay (T. Roberts). 16 2.5 1 17 2.5 Conway (F. A. Delamote). 17 1 18 Oswestry 17 3.5 1 18 3.5 Abergele 19 1 20 Queensferry 20 1.5 20 1.5 Prestatyn 33 2.5 33 2.5 Carnarvon No drill, This shield had previously been won by Colwyn Bay, Rhyl, and Bodrhyddan. MANUAL WET DRILL, for the Dolgelley Challenge Shield, the gift of Lieut.-Col. G. F. Scott.—1, Dolgelley, 43 2.5 sees; 2, Bodrhyddan, 44 1.5 sees. The other times were:— I Oswestrv 46 2.5 46 2.5 Abergele 47 1.5 47 1.5 Llandudno 48 48 Carnarvon 51 4.5 1 52 4.5 Queensferry 55 3.5 55 3.5 The shield was first won by Abergele, but for the past three years Dolgelley have taken it, so that now they have won it four years in succes- sion. STEAMER WET DRILL (for the Mostyn Challenge Cup, the gift of the Right Hon. Lord Mostyn).—1, Rhyl, 24 sees; 2, Dolgelley, 24 2.5 Bees. Other times :— Colwyn Bay 24 4.5 Carnarvon 25 3.5 Conway i.. 27 3.5 Oswestry T.. 4. 27 4.6 Bodrhyddan 30 Prestatyn 30 Llandudno ••• ••• No drill Llanrwst No drill This is the sarrie time as that taken at the last earnn of the National Fire Brigades Union at Scarborough. The shield was won in the first Elace by Colwyn Bay three times in succession, ut last year it was taken by Dolgelley. It should be stated that the Rhyl team won off the Prestatyn steamer, the Rhyl steamer being out of gear. MANUAL WET DRILL (DRESSING) (for tho Abergele Challenge Shield, the gift of Col. J. E. Mellor, of Tanybryn).-In this competition the men had to dross in their uniform, as if they had just jumped out of bed, run to the engine, get out three lengths of hose, and pump the ■water through to the target.—1, Bodrhyddan, 74 1. 5sec3 (1 sec. being a penalty); 2, Oswestry, 75 2.5 seca. Other times:— I Dolgelley 77 3.5 77 3.5 tAbergele 77 1.5 1 78 1:5 Lta.ndudno. 75 3.5 4 79 3.5 Carnarvon 80 1.5 80 1.51 Queem;ferr-y 0.. .94 3.5 1 95 3.5 AMBULANCE COMPETITION National n"J_- T"T_ iL, Lre ni-ijmm union "c-4 for the Law and umnce Conpany's Challen.-o Cup, has recently been tnaxie by &Iossrs El*kin. Leb i,4= ?Ln(i CID, speci.,tlly for tliin district, and was for the first Bodrhvddan wai the on! team which --poted, do, y Fpite the fact thit tliore are in the North N17ales -.vistrict inore a.Ilbulinee men thp-n *tn any other ,Iistrict of the National Fire -Bri-ades Union. rl%e examination rirndticted tv Dr Trevor William*, Chester, with Dr. Hutton, TRbyi. It was Wim>osRd that a man had fallen from a first floor with a. quantity of masonry on top of him, his leg was broken, and when discovered he had to receive first aid and removed to a hospital a t mile away. There being no proper ambulance J KTailable the tnen had to utilise a ladder. The team were questioned on how they would go about their work, and were required to give ;A-U.ticai demonstrations. The Bodrbyddan team ilid T.hair work exceedingly well, and were awarded 95 marks out of a possible 100. Dr iPiHiains oomplimanted them on their work, and pxpreased the hope that with «uch a very fine cup to oompeto for that next year there would be several competing teams, as ambulance drill was I I-art of the education of firemen. I PRIZE DISTRIBUTION. 'At tiie close of the competitions the prizes were distributed bjr Mr G. A. Taverner, J.P., chair- of the council, who said ho was asked by his ciaMghtar, Ma Wt J. P. Storey (who was an- nounced to distribute the prizes) to apologise for her absence, as the weather was too bad to per- mit her to attend. She had also sent a letter to that effect to Captain Conwy Bell. He was sure that had the elements permitted that nothing would have given Mrs Storey greater pleasure than to have attended and to have performed a very pleasing function. He was delighted to be present, and only regretted that attendance at three committee meetings of the Council had prevented his arriving on the ground sooner. He was pleased to see so many taking part that day. He was informed that there were 180 officers and men on the ground, while the judges had said that they were highly pleased with the smart way in which the work and drills had been done that day. Especially would he congratulate the Bodrhyddan Brigade in securing three trophies, and he was naturally proud of the performance of the Rhyl Brigade, which had carried off the prize for the steamer drill from an engine which was not their own. Llandudno had also done exceedingly well, having beaten the time with which they tied with two other brigades in the hydrant drill. Then there were the Dolgelley Brigade, who deserved to take back with them some trophy as they had undertaken a very big journey, which he knew something about as he had been present at one demonstration in their town. A vote of thanks was proposed to Mr Taverner by Captain Conwy Bell, and seconded by Lieut. J. O. Hughes. It is worthy of note that the North Wales Dis- trict now possesses trophies of greater value than any district in the United Kingdom, and they have received promise of another shield from Sir R. Williams-Bulkeley, Bart., one of the vice- presidents.

SWIMMING GALA AT COL- WYN BAY. BAD WEATHER INTERFERES WITH THE ARRANGEMENTS. The eighth annual gala of the Colwyn Bay Ex. celsior Swimming Club was announced to take place on Thursday afternoon off the Victoria Pier, but owing to the continuous downpour of rain and the strong east wind which prevailed, the authorities were undecided :113 to whether the event should not be postponed to a future date. After closc upon an hour's delay, however, the matter was put to the com- petitors, when by shuw of hands they decided unani- mously to brave the elements. Marisrs John Pennington and A. R. Tudman were the judges of the various events; Mr W. A. Pryce- Davis was the starter, and Mr JamlfJ Schofield," the secretary also acted as handicapper. In a drenching downpour of rain four stalwart lads plunged into the disturbed sea to compete for the junior cup, the distance being 100 yards. This first event in spite of the inclement weather was watched by a largo number of spectators, who witnessed a close finish between Johnny Davies and VV. Hibbins, the latter being declared the winner. Davies came in a good second. In the high dive for seniors, J. Schofield took first honours and F. Bond second. The 50 yards breast stroke event proved a very in- teresting competition, in which K. H. rvart came in an easy firÜ, with S. Hughes second and A. Smale third. In the 50 yards handicap, ,T. Schofield was again the winner, Priderport second, and S. Hughes third. Johnny Davies was the winner of the 50 yards handicap for novices, J. Dare coining in second. At this stage the weather became so boisterous that the remainder of the eveiiti3 had to be abandoned. TIIE SECOND DAY'S PROCEEDINGS. The remaining part of the programme was gone through on Saturday aftern-Jon, when a large ciowd watched the proceedings from the Pier and tHe shore, under favourable climatic conditions. One of the prettiest races was that for the senior cup. This was a hundred yards' event, which ap- parently suited two or three of the competitors well. A capital start was made, J. Schofield and F. Bond f shooting ahead about half-way, with J. Beamer close behind. Bond challenged the leader, but failed to make up I-it ground, and the three men finished in the order named aJnve. W. Dore and D. Dore were the only competitors for the ladies' cup in the 50 yards race", and the lat- ter apparently had no particular desire for the trophy In any event the former was declared the \«4hner. Slafting with the advantage of five yards start, W. Hibbins finished two yards ahead of all comers in the 25 yards handicap for boys. H. Hibbins off the scratch mark was second, and R. Ell.J made a tolerable third. In the floating event, C. Gutch just managed to beat Archie Davies for first place, the latter making a good second. The obstacle race, and that for competitors wearing clothes, caused much amusement. In the former, J. Schofield won of! P. Price, while E. II. Pyart was the winner of the latter with Schofield second. The 100 yards handicap attracted a considerable entry, and a good race WAS witnessed. Pretidergast, who was an easy victor was given 27 yards start, but he could probably beat the field with even half that lead. He has a sound, useful stroke, and should make a powerful swimmer in due time. Parkinson (13 yards) was second, while Mullin (7 yards) was a good third. J. Daviei; was declared the most skilful pole walk- er, Archie Davies taking second place.

CONWAY BOARD OF GUARDIANS. CONWAY CORPORATION CASE. GUARMAMS REPUDIATE LIABILITY. An ordinary meeting' of this Board was held on Friday. Air P. H. JMcClement presided, and there were also present: Miss Lewis, Miss 'hampnevs, Mias Williams, Miss Annie Parry, Rev. E. J. Evans, Messrs Hugh !>we:\ J. W. Raynos. Jtkhvard Wiliivms, Hugh Hughes J. T Taylor. V<m. Davies. A. J. Oid'inan, Richard Jones. Edward Roberts. W. F. Jones, B. Fisher. Owen. Hucrhes, R. Ellis, Owen Willian 9, E. J. Evans, S. R. Bartley. O. W. Roberts, David Jones, Edward Jones, R. lxobortv Hugh Davies, witih the Clerk (Mr T E. Parrvl, the Assistant Clerk (Mr W. J. Post;, arui other officials. A CONFERENCE. Another discussion took place with reference to a. manhole oonnectinar with surface water rn in is owned by the Conway Corporation and the Guardians on the Morfa, and it was eventually dooidod t.ha.t a sub-commit tee of the Works Committee met reoresentai ives of the Corpora- ti!Œl on the spot with a view <0 conferring 011 -he matter. TENDERS. On the recommendation of the House Com- mittee the tender was accepted of Mr Wm. Greenfield for 150 tons of Cockshead coal ddiv- erod free at CV>nway station at 18s 4d per ton from Chatterlev Whitfield Collieries, Staffs, for twelve months. The carting contract was let to Mr Owen Ro- berts, of Conway, at lOd per tOIl. CONFERENCE DELEGATES. The Chairman, Vice Chairman, Mies Champ- noys, and the Clerk were deputed to attend the forthcoming jj-oor law conference on behalf of the Board. GIFTS. The Master gratefully acknowledged the re- ceipt of a basket of sweet peas for the infirm- ary: periodicals from Mrs Mac. icoll; a gal':on of lavender water from Miss Turner, of Pen- maenmawr, as well as the kindness of the Wes- loyan Chapel authorities in entertaining children on the occasion of a Sundav School trip at Rhvl. LIABILITY REPUDIATED. A special committee appointed to deal with a claim submitted to the Board by the Conway Corporation with regard to the illness and burial 0If an isolation hospital patient recommended"tiiat tihe Corporation be informed that the statements in their letter as to the patient being' a pauper and final.y buried at the ûxpe of the Board are incorrect; that they further be informed that the patient was not a pauper at the time of I removal to the hospital, and there is no evidence of destitution; that the patient was discharged from the hospital on the 24th October, 1307, and dtd not apply for nor receivo relief until the 20tih December following, or two months after discharge; that the person djlØd on the 15tth January, 1908, and was not buried at the ex- I pense of this Union; that the mother is not a pauper; that the patient was of age; and that on these grounds tihe Guardians cannot but xei- i)Ltdlat4e liabilitv.ll Tho oc ?ivcaltt,?o furtfic?r recoinnic-n(it?,d tiiat with regard future ca.os c4f de,?erl,,)ticn, t ?lie saui,tar aiithoritieg in tde n' n be ap U io proached with a view to entering into arrange- ments for the acceptance of pauper cases into their hospitals^ as suggested to the Guardians bv tho Local Government Board on Juiv 7th, 190<1." Finally, they recommended "that in future this Board do not consider any (Vaini for hos- pital maintenance in cases cf destitution unless notice has been first given to the relieving offi- cers or dOl-k to the Board within seven days after the admission otf the patient to the hos- pital. I' The first two clausga were adopted without discussion. With roference to the third, however, Mr W. F. ifcmes moved as an amendment that that part of the clause from the word '"maintenance" to the close be struck out, substituting1 the follow- ing as an amendment: "Unless there is sufficient I evidence that it is a case of destitution." Mr Jones said it was important that attention be paid to such cases off iUness without any delay, whereas if the reoonrniendatkxn were adopted it was possible that a. patient might, either die or recover durmg the interval suggested for in- atiinies. Mr O. W. Roberts: All wo want is that des- titution is proved. Mr Ben Fisher pointed out that the Conway rural district for int-t.ance was for the time be- ing bereft of a hospital, and if the recommenda- tion were adopted it would hamper them very considerably in dealing with urgent cases. Mr Wm. Davies (Colwyn Bay): The ratepay- ers of tlhis Union are not liable for the neglect of other local bodies who are supposed to pro- vide hospitais for t.oom&cLves (laughter). A Rural District Council should keep theiir own burden an their own shoulders. Mr Raynes (member of the Conway Rural District CounciJ): What is Mr Davies alluding to? (laughter). Mr Davies: Tho cap fits then fhear, hear, and renewed laughter). After me further discussion, the committee's recommendation was carried by a majority of one. The Board then rose from one of tihe shortest sittings known for a long1 time.

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t 66 .99 UMORS OF HISTORY, THE CANTERBURY PILGRIMS. The pilgrims starting from the Tabard Inn, Southwark, whence they proceeded by what is now known as Old Kent Road, over Biackheath, through Rochester to Canterbury, taking sometimes four or five days for the journey. entiHe-d Hnm?rs ?.f History." appearing weekly in this journal, is reproduced in colour on plate papar, cloth bound, zilL f\t nett, £ 2.009 baring been spent m its production by tho Morning Leader," London. Specimen Colored Plate on application- I PERERINION CAERGAINT. Y pererinicm yn cychwyn o'r Tabard Inn, Southwark, o'r hwn le yr aethant ar hyd yr hyn a adnabyddir yn awr fel yr Old Kent Road, droi Biackheath, drwy Rochester i Gaergaint, gan gyrneryd pedwar osa bum' mwrnod ar eu taith weitbiau.

CENTRAL WELSH BOARD. EXAMINATION FOR HONOUR CERTIFICATES NORTH WALES SUCCESSES. The following names appear in the list of successful candidates for the Honours Certificate at the annual examination of the Central Welsh Board. The list indicates in each case the name ot the candidate, the name of the school, and the marfcj obtained in each of the subjcts which cntribnte to the aggregate. ',1 0 -e -,e -'CL? higher lijr. sui? a, indicated by all Tht) letter d Iii-rtc-d after tl, mar6 ot)Lai:ie(I i-i a stibject itidi,,ates ?I)at the candi(law has reached the standard for distinction in that subject. S. John Goronwy Edwards. Holywell English language and literature* (1005); Welsh* (1099, d) 3067. 9, Henry Arnold Baxter, Mold; Hist-jry* (905) higher to it ),,inatics* (2146, d) 305]. 10. Dora Kvans, Bar.g.)r (Girls): English language and literature* (894) history* (8&0) botanv* (116.), d; 2!)i4. 11, Kobert Jones, P':rtmadoc; Welsh* (979); history (745, d) higher mathematics (1212); 16. 12, Leslie William Jones, Llangefni Additional mathematics* Latin (752, d) physics (t>10); chemistry (66:?) 2S71. 15, Fred Roberta, Hawarden Additional mathema- tics* (1050, d); French (1^6) phvsies (573) Chemistry (702, d) 2811. 7 17. Joseph Richard Joseph, Penygroes: English language and literature* (867); history* (365); Welsh* (1023) 2750. 20, William Griffith Jone, Carnarvon: Additional mathematics* (649) Welsh (710, d) physics (592); chemistrv (760,d); 2711. 21, John Parry, Bcthesda Hist irv* (910); Welsh (678); additional mathematics (521); chemistry (578); 26S7. 27. Thomas Reginald Knowl?s, Denbigh Latin* (7:)9) English language and literature (572) hi,ry (615) French (621) 2607. 28. Hugh Lloyd Williams, Bangor (Friarj) Addi- tional mathematics* (746); history (635); Latin (651); French (57.3) 2605. 29. Edwin Augustus Ball, Carnarvon Additional mathematics* (S18); English language and literature (529) physics (587i chemistry (64,3) 2577. '30 Owen Tti,,nia. W,I,h* (P9-.3) T.%tin (649) additional mathematics (559), physics (450), 2551 32. E'je Vauglian Hoslsins, Festinlog: English language and literature* (699) Latin (6.341 Welsh (7],d ); French (485) 25.36. 38. Edward Bawden Mitford, Llangefni W«lsli* (976); Latin (420 additional mathematics (562); physics (510) 2468. 40. Elizabeth Jane Thomas, Penygro's English lan- guage and lit.era.ture* (810); historv* (610); Welsh* (10:16); 2447. 42. Richard Rowland Jones, Dolgelly (b iysi: Hi.tory* (*25) Latin* (630); Wclsh*(987); 2442. 4:3. Ueorge Henry Richards Tildesley, Llangefni, Latin (675); additional mathematics OSI); phvaics (590) chemistry (588); 2434. 44. David James Williams. TJwyn: Latin* ("07); history (715, d) Greek (503) additional mathematics (403); 2433. 45. William Hughes, Llangefni: Latin (534); addi- tional mathematics (643) phvsies (642) chemistry (610\; 2429. 50. Hywell IlarriG Jones, Denbigh Latin* (729) English language and literature (523); "history (570); French (544); 2366. 52. John Richard Davies, Portmadoc: Welsh* (1111, d); history (615); additional mathematics (620); 2346 5:3. Richard Owen Jones, Denbigh: French (466), higher mathematics (1219); chemistry (648) 2333. 55. Robert Pi rce Roberts, Meld History (540); Latin (527); additional mathematics (573); chemistry (660) 2300. 57. Leonard Owen, Bangor (Friars); Historv* (1010); Latin (671); French (580) 2261. 62. Williaat Jonei, Festiniog: Physics* (674); higher mathematics (945) chemistry (.75) 2194. 64 a,c'l. John Hughes, Holyhead: W,'bh T<>73); additional mathematics (440) physics (eZ) chemistry (628); 2163. 64 aeq. Edward Williams Jones, Denbigh Kngl:>h language and literature (475) Latin (632.1; French (572); additional mathematics (484); 2163. 66 Hannah Jane Ell" Llangefni: Welsh* (1086, d) Latin (670); additional mathematics (401); 2157. 68 aeq. George Ewart Beavan, Mold: History* (%5>; additional mathematics* (70S): Latiu (17*); 2151. 72. Thomas Elwyn Jones. Rhyl • Welsh (537); his-her math'-matics chemistry (500) 2128. 73. Deborah .Tarret Rowlands, Lian^-olJen English language and literature (471); history (565) Latin (445) Welsh (645) 2125. 76. Herbert Leslie Brock, Bethesda 111 tory* (6S5); English language and literature (393) Latin (6041; French (433); 2115. 81. Elizabeth Davies Jones. Towyn Physics* (71.3); chemistry* (711) additional mathematics (638, d); 2082. 83. Arthur Williams, Holyhead Welsh (620) addi- tional mathematics (523); physics (427); chemistry (500) 2070. S5. John Thomas Lloyd. Denbigh English language and literature (487) hi tory (585) Latin (478); French (508) 2058. 88. Thomas John Griffith, Bangor (Friars); Historv (720, d) Latin (6.96) French (624) 2040. 92. Richard Benelt Hughes, Bangor (Friars): History (600) Latin (735, d); French (673); 2008. 96: William Morris, Festiniog: Physics* (899); higher mathematics (1075): 1974. 97. Robert J. Hughes, Bangor (Friars): Additional ma',hematics* (747) history (601); Latin (623]; 1970. 98. Kitty Mary Owen, Holyhead English language and literature* (813); history (510); Welsh (63M) 1961. 99. Lillie Miabel Lfttlojohns, Llangollen: English language and literature* (618); history ,620) ■ Latin* (71S) 19)6. 102. Walter Owen Hughes, Denbigh French (445); higher mathematics (879); chemistry ( £ 02); 1926. 103. Reuben Levy, Bangor (Friars): Latin ( 69) French (720, d); additional mathematics (6:32); 1921. 107. William John Stringer, Holyhead Additional mathematics (481) physics (590). 110 aeq. David Murri1:. Edwards, Aberystwyth chftmistry* (1016) higher mathematics (819) ls35. 113. John Owen Jones, Carnarvon • Welsh (705 d) physics (4431; chemistry (672) 1820. 114. Herbert Hugh Owen, Carnarvon Additional mathematics* (715): physics (412); chemistry (690)- 1817. 119. Gwilym HyweJ Jones, Denbigh Welsh* (847) Scripture knowledge (517): Greek (439) 1803. 120 aeq. James Henry Dunbar, Wel.lipod (R>ys): History (555); Latin (581); additional mathematics (651, d); 1797. 122. Margaret Blodwen Davies, Festiniog: Welsh* (669) botany* 663); history (460); 17S9. 123. Elizabeth Williams, Festiniog: History (i20); Latin (398); Welsh (542); botany (425); 1785. 124. Jane Hellen Rowlands. Beaumaris: IIL-torv (605) Latin (582); French (590); 1777. 127. Emrvs Jonas, Mold History (520); Latin (555]; additional mathematics (688, d)j 1763. 130. Ernest Llewellyn Lloyd, St. Asaph History (665); Latin (652); additional mathematics (429V 1746. 131. John Ree«, Bala (Boys): English language and literature (.310) Latin (560) Welsh (675) 1745 135. John Edwards. Bala (Buvs): Hisnrv (455)- Latin (537); Welsh (740, d); 1722. 141. Catherine Ellen Hughes, Porimadof: History (495) Welsh (703, d); French (472); 1670. 145. Ieuan A. Jonfs. Bala ('>,>ys) English language and literature (464); history (625;; Latin (537); 1,626 147. Owen Morgan, Festiniog: Welsh (490) phvsies (563); chemistry (56"): 1618. 158. Mary El anor Howerth, Hawarden English language and literature (484); Latin (543): French (518); 1,545. 162. David Morris, Bala (Bovs): History (500) Latin (438): Welrh (590); 1,.328. 108. Arthur Glyn Tlol x wr-ll, English language and literature (401); Latin (471); We'sh (630); 1.502. 169. Elias Williams. Carnarvon Welsh (548); addi. tional mathematics (482): chemistry (468); 1.198*. 174, Annie Edmund Williams, Carnarvon Welsh (.773); French (460): botany (433); 1,466. 175. Daniel Thomas Bethesda History (490); Welsh (573); additional mathematics (39S); 1.461. 181. O'wcn Rogers, Llangollen English language and literature (454): history (450); Latin (530): 1,434. 195. Elizabeth Ellon Roberts, FItini g; History (il9); Welsh (530); botany (391); 1331.

ST. ASAPH BOARD OF GUARDIANS. THE RETURNS OF PAUPERISM. I The fortnig'hlly meeting of this Board was held last Friday, when there were present Edwin) Mocr^aji, J.P. |(Tremeirohioai), txresidine, J. Frimstan, J.P. (Rhyl), vico-chafr- man; J. R. Etis Jcihn Roberts, Abergele; R. E. Griffiths, B-cxioiv,y<jda.n; J. F. Jones, CV;n; J. Elias Jones, Mrs Gee, Denbigh; Messrs Ed. Wiliaims, J.P., Dyserth; W. S. Roberts, Bod- Tori Rev. T. F. Roberts, Lhindctu-a. Meters Goo. Williajfls, MeLden; W. Jones, Llajinefydd W. Conwy Bell, J.P.. Wm. Morris, B. Blew. Evan3. Rhuddlan; S. Perks, J.P., I. Batho, Htifi'ii Edwards, Mrs Ma,rv Jones, Rhyl; Miss Owen Jones. Mr J. Lothian, St. Asaph; Mr JciLun Jones, Waen, and t.he officials THE HOUSE. It was reported that there were in the Work- house 146, a against 136 at the corresponding period last yeax. There had been 221 vagrants relieved during the fortnight, an increase of 75 on the oorjesponding- period last year. Mr S. Pe.-ks remarked that there did not seem to be any falling- off in the number oi tramps Tho Master replied that tha.t state of tilings was general, hrougihout the country, but ho anticipated a diminution now that certain works had stopped. A FATHER'S RESPONSIBILITY. I Attention was called 10 the case of a. man named P,trry, wo is over 40 years of age, and it was stated that he was able-bodied, but had been admitted to the Workhouse in a destitute cciuditicxn. A Question arose as to the legal .'responsibility of the man's father, who some time a.go sent a. oheque for his maintenance. I The Clerk said it was hard on the father, but no doubt, according to tihe law, he was respon- sable. I Mr Ellis Jones observed that some time ago they refused admission to a nan who was wriling to pay for hie board aaid Sodgings, but now they seemed to bo turning the into a lodging! house. Mr Perks replied that in this case the man was destitute, but in tihe other he wes &Ue to pax.

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YACHTSMAN RESCUED AT LLANDUDNO. A strong south-westerly wind was blowing; ia Conway Bay on Saturday, and when the -a,- -,e in the aft?ernc,?,n iii-ere a i-oug,'? wa breaking on the beach at Llandudno West Shore. About three o'clock a young man was observed to be coming cut of the Conway estu- ary in a sailing boat and making for the Wwt Shore, at Llandudno. He sailed close in oppo- site the Gcgarth Abey Hotel, and there the boat was swamped by the ureakers and vent down. William Owen, the inspector employe J by the Llandudno Council to warn bathers and others who venture too far out on the beach and run the risk of being surrounded bv tho 'do, liald b I ri.,?ing t, &c?n Nva;?Lc?h'ng the boat for some time, and he waded out to render the yachts- man assistance. 113 found him clinging to the boat, which had drifted into shallower water. Owen helped him off, and with the yachhnan's assistance pulled the boat clear of the breakers. Another boatman named John Jonas rendered further help, and the boat yfta safely beach- ed. All that was loose in it had been washed rmt t a.nd some damage done to the boat it.If. Tho man who had sailed her wa found to have had a thorough clucking, and to be exhausted and benumbed. His arms were rubbed and other remedial measures adopted, and after a few minutes he walked awyv. His boat was the "Mermaid," from Desranwr, which liom out. of harm's way on the West Shore. Ha intended to pick up a young iadv at West Shore, who was waiting there for him. He had aame for her in the same way, but in better -.realher, earlier in the week.

I- JliViS *4 With valuable BEEF TEA V.Sastabie "Mfs A Breakfast Cup for a Id.

I_ !twM docidM to ask the £ather .of the man t.o pay tè:e oct't otf the Eon's k.:ep in -he W or k. hOU:3'l'. RESETED THE PRESE:\CE OF STRINGERS. Mr I. Ba.tho reported that the Visiting Com- mittoo had considered the report of tho Local Government Board InsDCCTor a.nd of tho Inspec- tor in Lunacv who reocntlv \i»itod tha Work- house. It was very gratifying to know. they rer>orte>d. til .at the in- mates wr" eleaa and well lonkeod after. As regards the report that one of the irnna.tes whilst at dinner had thrown a ruissi-e at, the Local Govern:);ant Boa-id Inspector, the commit- tee had inquired into the case, and they found that the mail was of feeble mind, and :1.s a ruJe was very harmless, but he resented any stranger beinsr present whilst he was at meals. The man had since been removed to the asylum. SEPARATING THE CHILDREN. Mr Batho added that the committee had considered tihe report a.9 to eeparating _the children from the adults whilst Slaving their meals, and felt it would be a very good tiling to do this, as they met undesirables. They had accordingly arranged that the c phould have alt their in another room under the direction of a trainer. CALLS IN ARREARS. Th" Clerk eaki he had to report that J516 of the old call from Llanfair still remained unpaid, and there was £ 83 of the new cltll in arrears. He had written to the overseers, and also the a&-ista.nt overseer, who had promised to pay the £11) before that Board meeting. He had also II oajied on the assistant overseer, who said there were certain peopfe who had not paid their rates. The oiher parishes in arrea"!? with the last call were B-ettws, Bodfary, Rhyl, and Waen. The matter was left in the hands of the clerk. THE POOR LAW' RETURNS. The Clerk reported that he had received the poor law returns for Wales and Monmouth- shire. P. nd he fo<und that for the WAX ended Lacy I Dav the indoor maintenance of St. Asalih Union came to £1548. and the out-door to £5970, total j37518, as against £ 1235, C6101. and JS7556 in 1903. so that was, a elig'ht increase. The percentage of paupers to population wa& 3.5, as "against 3.3 in 1903. and the cost of maintenance I par head olf oooulation was now 4s lOd, as against 5a 6d in 1903. Several Unions in North Wales were higher than St. Asaph. There was, however, an important point to be considered, namely, that St. Asaph had a Hanger number of wives ia receipt oi relief who we^e ======-=.=- deserted. Of such persons they had 16, or more than either Bantror or Wrexham. The Chairman said it "seemed that tihey were alware in that position, and he could not quito understand it. However. on the whole, the report" as very satisfactory. This concluded the business, and the Ikard then rose. -r-