The Rhyl Advertiser

PRESTATYN.^ GOOD TEMPLARS.—On Tuesday last, a lodge of the Independent Order of Good Templars was instituted in the above village. A public meeting was hold in the Welsh Wesleyan Chapel, when Mr R. LIwydwyn Jones, District Deputy, gave an address on the principles of the order, and afterwards insti- tuted a lodge, several personij coming forward to join I

RHYL PETTY SESSIONS. MONDAY, OCTOBER 31ST.-Before T. Griffies Dixon, Esq. (in the chair), Rev. G. A. Butterton, D.D., W. Pryce Jones, Esq., and Edwin Morgan, Esq. ALLEGED FOWL STEALING. Mr. M. D. Roberts (Messrs. Davies and Roberts) appeared for a Peter Roberts, who had surrendered to his bail charged with an attempted larceny, said that unfortunately the County Court clashed with this Court, and he would ask their worships to adjourn the case against Roberts until the next sessions, so as to enable his partner (Mr. William Davies), who had been retained to defend Peter Roberts, to attend. Owing to a previous engagement, Mr. Davies was obliged to attend the County Court, and consequently could not attend the petty sessions. The police offering no objection to the adjournment, the application was granted. NON-PAYMENT OF BATES. Distress warrants were issued against the following for non-payment of town rates: -Evan Williams,North John-street, 2 rates-14s. 7td., and 12s. 6d.; William Joseph Simcox— £ 4 10s. Od. Edwin Oratton— £ 3 Mrs. Roberts, West Parade— £ 6 10s. Od. BREAKING THE STREETS. Robert Roberts was charged with opening a drain on East Parade without first giving notice to the Town Surveyor.—Defendant pleaded guilty-but said he was ignorant of the fact that notice should be given to the Surveyor.—Mr. A. Rowlands, who ap- peared for the Commissioners, said that he did not wish to press the charge. He only wanted the pub- lic to understand that the streets were not to be broken, or the sewers interfered with without the consent of the Commissioners.—The Chairman said that the Bench fully believed that an offence against the bye-laws had been committed for which defendant was liable to a penalty of £ 5. But they were also of opinion that defendant had committed the offence without thinking. He must know that notice should be given to the Surveyor when streets were to be broken up. In this case defendant would only be fined Is., with 12s. costs. A CHARGE UNDER THE SUNDAY CLOSING (WALES) ACT.- THE CASE DISMISSED. Henry John Burnett Lawrence, Belvoir and Pier Hotel, was charged with keeping his hotel open in contravention of the Welsh Sunday Closing Act. Defendant pleaded net guilty. Inspector McLaren proved going to the Belvoir Hotel about 1.45 on the 23rd ult., and found 5 men with liquor before them in the smoke room. The landlord was there, and pointed to two of them, say- ing they were lodgers. The landlord further stated that he did not know he was doing wrong. Mr. Lawrence Have you at any previous time had any complaints to make against the landlord or the house. The Inspector Never. It has always been a very respectably conducted house. The Chairman; We know that. This is a test case under the new Act, Mr. Lawrence, and you happened to be selected. Mr. Lawrence Exactly so, sir. In defence, Mr. Lawrence said that he was of opinion that the new Act did not come into operation until next year, and he was strong in that opinion by the decision of several magistrates and stipendiaries, who had had cases before them. He would not trouble the Bench with detailing the different cases, but would call their worships' attention to them. After enumerating several towns where the magis- trates had refused to convict, believing, after very careful consideration, that the Act did not operate until 1882, Mr. Lawrence proceeded to read the verdict of Mr. Fowler, the Swansea stipendiary, but the Bench thought that unnecessary as they had already read what Mr. Fowler had said. Mr. Law- rence then went on to say that Mr. Fowler had adjourned a case for three weeks, and after consulting with the Home Secretary, Mr. Poll d, Q.C., and othr- b' v- -mt counsels, he had eon; conclusion thot tho Ac* (1;(1 ..()t ro < u.,to force until nf rear, and dismiss'; J ~d,se. The editor of justice of Peace," who was an authority on licensing laws, was of opinion that the Act did not operate until next year. He (Mr. Lawrence) contended that a great deal of doubt existed as to when the Act really come into force, and as it was the boast of the Eng. lish laws to give the benefit of a doubt to the defen- dant, he trusted their worships would dismiss the summons against him. The Chairman You have not given us the other Sid's of the question Mr. Lawrence. Mr. Lawience I only know of two cases. The Chairman Mr. Gladstone convicted at Hawar. den. Mr Lawrence Mr. Glads to/ i§ ^fa iawyer (laughter). ■' J The Chairman The majority of the magistrates are in favour of dismissing the charge against Mr. Lawrence. They had taken into consideration the great doubt respecting the Act, and also the course adopted by several magistrates, who were more learned in the law than they were, and were of opinion that they could do nothing better than dis- miss the case. That was quite his (the Chairman's) opinion, though, personally, he should like to uphold the Act. He believed it would be a good thing when it actually came into force, and he hoped to see the case settled soon at the Queen's Bench. Mr. Lawrence Thank you, gentlemen. I can say for the trade. that when the case is settled at that court the law will immediately be obeyed. A FORGIVING BROTHER. JfJí/ll Edwards was charged by his brother, Hugh Edwards, with au assault, but complainant, who did not wish to press the charge, asked that the summons might be withdrawn, which was granted. MAINTENANCE OF A BOY AT A REFORMATORY. On the application of Superintendant Hughes, an order of Is. per week was made on Meredith Jones, Vale-road, towards maintaining his son at the Re- formatory. PROOPIPOSITIVE." John Kinjston and Francis McManus, both of Vale- road, were charged by P.C. Griffiths with being drunk in Vale-road, on the loth ultimo.—McManus, when in the box, said that his name was Simon, and not Francis. Inspector McLaren Francis was the name you gave to the constable.—The Chairman What did you mean by giving the officer a wrong name.—McManus It was a mistake of mine, sir- The Chairman That is clear evidence of what state you were in.—The officer stated that about 13.30 on the night in question he was sent by Inspector McLaren over the Railway Bridge after two drunken men. He saw both defendants in Vale-road, pulling each other about and shouting. McManus gave the name of Simon John Francis McManus, and the other Samuel Kingston.—The Inspector proved seeing defendants before they crossed the bridge. Both were drunk. Defendants were fined 5s., with 7s. 6d. costs in default, 7 days. MIDNIGHT LARKS." Henry Williams and Llewellyn Davies were charged by Police Constable Griffiths with ringing a door bell on the 28th of October. Williams pleaded guilty, and Davies not guilty. The Constable stated that shortly after midnight of the 28th ultimo he was crossing from High-street to Market-street, when he heard a noise as if somebody was knocking with sticks and kicking. He went quietly along Market-street and around to Welling- ton-road, when he saw the defendants and another standing in front of the Northampton Arms, and he heard a bell ringing. Both defendants were together by the door of the Northampton, but the third ran away. By Davies You had had some drink. I did not see you pulling the bell. Mr. Medlicott, landlord of the Northampton Arms, deposed that about midnight on the night in question he heard the bell of his front door ringing, and a voice, which he thought he recognised as that of Llewellyn Morris, shouting, Come down you drun- ken, you are not fit to manage the place." He was almost certain that Morris was the one that shouted because he had threatened him before. Davies Morris was with us; but has not been summoned. Williams And very likely did all the mischief. The Chairman You have already pleaded guilty. Williams I now say that I am not guilty. I was in the gang but I do not clearly know what I was r»^ *s the English of it. Navies I was in the company, but I did not touch the bell. The Inspector said that there were great many complaints of this kind of thing now, but there have been no recent cases before the Bench. The Chairman said he was sorry to see respectable young men like the defendants in the box. They were evidently not sober, and the thing was no doubt done for a lark but people were not to be disturbed in this manner at all times of the night. Both defen- dants would be fined 2s. 6d., with 8s. costs, and the Chairman warned anybody that might be brought before the Bench on a similar charge would be very differently dealt with. AN ALLEGED CHARGE OF OBTAINING MONEY BY. FALSE PRETENCES. A young man named Robert Thomas Whitley, and described as a clerk, was brought up, charged with obtaining 7s. 6d. by means of a certain false pretence from James Morris Smith, Railway Hotel, Prestatyn, with intend to cheat. Mr. Smith deposed that prisoner went to his house about 3 p.m. on the 25th ultimo, in company with P.C. Parry, and called for two drinks. After supply ing the liquors he (witness) went and sat down in the same room as prisoner and the constable. Prisoner asked him if he had his license transferred, and he said he had not unless his father had. Prisoner said, "If you have not obtained it, I can save you a guinea if you pay me 7s. 6d." The constable said, "You can't do it. He must go to Mr. Oliver George's office." Prisoner replied, I am employed with Mr. Davies, solicitor, Holywell, at the Rhyl branch, and I have the power to do it." Prisoner and the constable went out; but in about half an-hour after the prisoner returned to the house with Mr. Hunt, who said, This is the young man that has come about the transfer of the license." Witness then gave prisoner 7s. 6d., and Is. for railway fare from Rhyl to Prestatyn and back, on the faith of his representation that he was in the employ of Mr. Davies, solicitor. He would not have given the money if he knew that prisoner was not in the em- ploy of Mr. Davies. Prisoner promised to return next day with the notice of the transfer to Mr. Old- ham, the late landlord of the hotel. By prisoner It was on the strength of your state- ment that you were a clerk with Mr. Davies I gave you the money. Police Constable Parry, Newmarket, proved hoaiing the conversation respecting the transfer, that prisoner said he was in the employ of Mr. Davies at the Rhyl branch, but the officer did not see any money passing. In cross-examination by prisoner, the constable maintained that prisoner had said he was a clerk in Mr. Davies's office. P.C. McKenna proved apprehending prisoner on the 29th ultimo in Wellington-rd., and when charged prisoner said not guilty." Whitley, who pleaded not guilty, was committed for trial at the Quarter Sessions. TOTALLY FORGIVEN." Henry Williams (alias "Harry Sarn") was brought up on a warrant, charged with assaulting John Morris, blacksmith, Russell-road, on the 11th Sept. It will be remembered that prisoner and another man named Henry Wynne assaulted the complainant on the above mentioned date. Wynne was tried and fined on the 26th of September, but complainant had effected a settlement out of court with Williams, but the Bench, after hearing the nature of the case, re- fused to sanction the settlement, and a warrant was issued for the apprehension of Williams, and Morris was bound over to give evdience against him at the last Petty Sessions. Williams was not apprehended in time for those sessions, and great difficulty was experienced in getting Morris to attend on Monday to give evidence against him, and the Chairman had to send an officer with a warrant to enforce his attendance. When in the witness box Morris said he did not wish to press the charge, as he had totally forgiven defendant, who made an ample apology for what he had done. After some further difficulty Morris stated that defendant kicked him on the leg on the 11th September, while he was with his little children on the Parade. The other man (Wynne) commenced the row. Inspector McLaren said that Williams had been before the magistrates six times in twelve months. A fine of tl 10s. Od., with 12s. costs was inflicted, the Chairman remarking that he hoped it would be a warning to defendant and others to make proper use of their Sundays. The fine was immediately paid by defendant's father

ST. ASAPH. CATHEDRAL SERVICES.-21st Sunday after Trinity November 6th. Morning at 11—Benedicite Chant anthem, "Thou wilt keep him" (Calkin). Evening at 15—The Litany; anthem, "There are they" (I 1S). Evening at 6.15-Chants; hymns 181, i77. Rr- "VY ""orton, M.A., succentor; R. A. ESIi., ( -Choral Service on Thursdays at (In "Jl Saturdays at 3.15 p.m FinE. -f).a Sunday evening last a f; hzoke out in one of the out-buildings of Pen y Bryn, v resiu.i o of W. G. Helsby, Esq. Happily the fire was con- fined to the bMlding where it was discovered, and to a small stack of hay adjoining. The building was com- pletely burned to the ground, and a portion of the hay stack was destroyed. Fortunately, there was no wind at the time, or the fire would doubtless have done great havoc on other parts of the premises. The loss is estimated at from £ 25 to £ 30. ENTERTAINMENT.—On Monday evening last an en- tertainment was given by Miss Neilson and a dramatic „ The audience was but small, owing to it being insufficiently adveriiSoS.- -^e entertainment was of a pleasing character, and was enj ofHii ty4hose who witnessed it. FISlaING,-On Thursday last, a salmon weighing 271bs was killed by rod and line, by W. A. Dew, Esq., in the river Elwy, near the Junction. The fish was in splendid condition, and measured in length 43in.

PERMANENT SCHOLARSHIP FOR WALES AT THE ROYAL ACADEMY OF MUSIC. To the Editor of the RHYL ADVERTISER. DEAR SIR,-Through the munificence of English amateurs, several permanent scholarships have been established at the Royal Academy of Music, and yet Wales, notwithstanding the well-known musical talent of her sons and daughters, cannot boast of having created even one scholarship of the kind for the education of her gifted but poor children. To obviate this state of things, I have been labouring for the last four years in the endeavour to collect a thousand pounds towards the endowment of a similar scholarship for my native country, and have succeded in raising £ 700 of the required sum. It is most im- portant that the cause should not be allowed to languish any longer, therefore I venture to make this (what I trust will be a final) appeal to all lovers of music in the Principality, who have not already subcribe, to contribute towards the X300 still required in order that the:" Permanent Musical Scholarship for Wales" may become an accomplished fact before the end of the present year. Believe me, yours faithfully, JOHN THOMAS (Pencerdd Gwalia), Harpist to her Majesty the Queen. 53, Welbeck street, London, IV., Xov 1, 1881,

ST. ASAPH COUNTY COURT. BEFORE HORATIO LLOYD, ESQ., JUDGE. The county court this month was held at St. Asaph on Monday last, the business being comparatively light. There were 90 new plaints issued, 11 adjourned defended cases, 12 judgment summonses, and one in- terpleader action. The undefended cases were heard before R. Fred Sisson, Esq., registrar. JUDGMENT SUMMONSES. Sergeant Parry v. Robert Foulkes, hawker.—De- fendant's wife appeared that said she was so very poor, with a house full of children, and she could not pay.His Honour made an order for the amount to be paid in a month. Richard Williams, Wellington road, v. Richard Edwards, labourer. If not paid in a month 28 days' imprisonment. Mr W. Davies applied for an order in the case of the London and Provincial Bank against W. Worth ington. The case came on 12 months ago, and dofen. dant was given three months time to pay, but he had not paid any portion of the debt. He had also placed his furniture under the name of another party. Worthingtou said times were hard and that he had not earned anything for some time.—Order made for .£1 a month, or in default, 14 days. The Mangy Horse Case Again.—Mr W. Davies (Davies and Roberts) applied, on behalf of Mr A. W. Merridew, for the committal of William Lawson, auctioneer, Southport, for non-compliance with an order of court made last July. Mr Davies read seve- ral advertisements from a Southport paper of sales conducted by defendant since the order was made. It was evident defendant had the means but was de- termined not to pay, therefore an order of committal was asked for.—Defendant said the sales alluded to brought in next to nothing, and for the last fortnight he had not earned a penny. His mother gave him 10s. to pay his expenses in attending the court. He would try and pay XI a month.—His Honour said he did not think the defendant was so destitute as he represented himself to be. He would have to pay within three months Xio or go to gaol for 28 days. A FATHER'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR HISJSON'S DEBTS. In this action Mr Owen Owens, tailor, Sussex street, Rhyl, sought to recover the sum of £ 4 9s. from Mr Edward Parry, Maesirgle, Vale road, Rhyl, for a suit of clothes supplied Caine Parry, defendant's son, now a medical practitioner in New York. Mr W. Davies appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr Osbert Edwards (Louis and Edwards, Ruthin) defended.— Mr Davies, in his opening remarks, said that plaintiff had supplied the defendant and his son with clothes for many years, and the bills had always been paid by the father. The transactions were continued up to August, 1879, when lie paid a bill, leaving a suit of clothes valued at £ 4 9s made for Cain Parry unpaid for. The money had frequently been applied for, but payment was refused on account of defendant saying that he had told plaintiff not to supply Caine Parry with any more clothing, but plaintiff would prove that he had the father's sanction to make the suit now sued for.—The plaintiff was called, and substantiated the statement of his solicitor.—In cross- examination, plaintiff admitted that the defendant had told him not to make any more clothes for Caine, but that was years before the suit now in dispute was made, and since then he had paid for clothes for Caine. Plaintiff had not instituted these proceeding out of any vindictive feelings nor did he know that this was a test case. Defendant and Mr Roberts (Gari- baldi) came to his shop to tell him that he would not pay for any more clothes for Cain, but that was after the clothes in question had been ordered.—For the defence, Mrs Parry was called, and said that when the bill came to her house, she refused to pay it, as she ml had paid so much for Cain already.—In cross-exami- nation, she admitted that a top-coat ordered at the same time as the suit was paid for by defendant, and she had no doubt that her son really had the suit.- Mrs J. Roberts, defendant's daughter, and a servant, was called, the latter to prove taking a letter to plain. tiff purporting to be a notification that defendant would not pay for any clothes plaintiff might supply to Caine.—His Honour, in giving judgment, said that it was evident that defendant had adopted his son's debts in 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879, and there was no proof that he had given plaintiff notice of his inten- tion not to pay for his son's clotbes before those dates, so that plaintiff would be entitled to a verdict for the amount claimed, with costs. AN INTERPLEADER.—THE TIPPLING CLERGYMAN AGAIN. The claimant in this action was Miss M. A. Nunn 2, Marine terrace, Prestatyn the execution creditor Mr J. Lloyd Mostyn notel; and the Rev. Mr Even- son, late curate of St. Michael's Derby, the defendant. Mr W. Davies represented the claimant, and Mr E. Roberts the execution creditor. Mr Roberts took an exception to the statement of particulars filed as not being sufficiently explicit. His Honour over ruled the objection and Mr Davies briefly stated the case for the claimant. It appears immediately after the verdict was obtained in the last court the execution creditor issued an execution and bailiffs went into claimant's residence for tho debt due by the defendant who is Miss Nunn's brother-in-law. To get rid of the bailiffs the money was paid under protest, and the claimant interpleaded.—Miss Nunn was called and said that the furniture and goods were her property, with the exception of those described in the affidavit. The books, boxes, desks, &c., said to belong to de- fendant were Mrs Evenson's, settled upon her in her right. All Mr Evenson's property was sold to pay bis creditors.—Cross-examined by Mr Roberts But there is a valuable dog, is that Mrs Evenson's ?—Yes. —His Honour: Did the bailiff seize the dog, or was it the other way about ? (laughter.)—There was con- siderable discussion on the part of Mr Roberts as to the ownership of the articles excepted, and other matteis.-His Honour said that he found for the claimant, the excepted articles to be appraised on be- half of the execution creditor, the cost to be divided between the parties on the amount recovered. A DISHONOURED CHEQUE. Messrs Davies and Roberts, solicitors, sued John Jones, butcher, Dyserth now an insolvent, for Y,6 8s. on a dishonoured cheque. Judgment for plaintiffs forthwith. A OLD ACCOUNT. J. Parry Jones sued David Roberts for £ 2 Is. 7d. Defendant admitted the debt, but pleaded that it had been satisfied by liquidation proceedings some years ago. Mr Davies appeared for plaintiff, and said that unless defendant produced his discharge his plea of bankruptcy would fail. His Honour concurred and gave a verdict for the amount named.—Mr W. C. Bell defended in this action. CLAIM FOR CONDIMENT SUPPLIED. Messrs Low and Co., Huddersfield sued Mr W. B. Mountfield, St. Asaph, for £1 14s. for ecadiment sup- plied. Mr Roberts, the firm's representative, said he took the order and the goods were forwarded as per instructions given.—Defendant said the goods were not what they were represented to be, and he wrote ;¡d told plaintiffs so, asking at the same time what h was to do with the condiment, but they never re- plied. !\fr Robert? a ^ied g- the letter.—His Honour eventually ga\ a Wi'ffs, court fees only to be allowed.—Mr E. Roberts appealer ç"T' plaintiffs, and Mr Alllil Lloyd defended. -3. ffw other v. •;import?nt cases w«?;v heard, the ro- maiudor .xujourncd. at; 1e court rose ihvet. o'clock.

ASTRONOMY. (The first of a series ohJapers by G. E. Fielding, Esq., in connection with the Science and Art Classes). This science, which treats of the heavenly bodies- their motions, magnitudes, distances, and the laws by which they are governed, is no doubt one of the most fascinating pursuits that can engage the human mind. One of the chief characteristics of astronomy having to treat of bodies perfectly inacces- J1 "^d from the earth on which we dwell distance of the moon from by mighty distances. CIT(. f us is nearly a quarter of a milliiir »Wnets hun- upwards of ninety millions, the exteriox "arest dreds of millions, whilst the distance of the 8 1 fixed star is such, that light, travelling at the enor- mous velocity of over one hundred and eighty thousand miles in every second of time, would require three and a half years to reach us. Such are some of the truths this sublime science teaches us. Now we will suppose the student to be but a begin. ner, and that he wishes to study the heavens from a popular point of view, to get acquainted with the theory which explains the rising and setting of the heavenly bodies, as seen from his station the earth, also with other interesting phenomena connected with what may be termed Observational astronomy." Agreeable to this understanding, we will commence with a brief description of the celestial sphere. It is a fact with which we are all familiar, that all the heavenly bodies seem to be set in a vast dome, rising high overhead, and curving down to the horizon on all sides. Our globe, the earth, on which this sphere appears to rest, prevents our tracing it any further. But supposing the earth were transparent, we should then be able to trace the vault downwards to our feet, in which case we could then see the starry heavens in all directions. The celestial vault above us, with the one below, would then form a complete sphere, the observer occupying a central position. This is known as the celestial sphere. Let us now notice the important lines connected with this sphere, as by their aid the astronomer can ascertain any change of location among the stars. They are as follows :-A great circle is one whose plane passes through the centre of the sphere. A small circle is one whose plane does not pass through the centre of the sphere. The axis of the heavens is an imaginary line passing through the centre of the earth, and about which the heavens appear to revolve once in twenty-four hours. A meridian is a great circle passing through the highest point of the celestial sphere (called the zenith) and the axis of the heavens. The equator or equinoctial is a great circle, perpendicular to the axis of the heavens and half way between the north and south polar points. We will now proceed to state the effect produced by the diur- nal motion of the earth. Suppose we take our stand on an open plain, or in any situation where we can have a commanding1 view of the heavens, and select for the purpose a clear, dark night. Now if we watch through an entire night, we shall find stars slowly rising from the east, gradually reaching their highest point or culmination, and then sinking in the west. But on a closer ex- amination we shall see some stars towards the north always remaining visible, rising, culminating and descending, but never sinking below the horizon. The nearer the stars are to what may be termed the axis of revolution, the circles they describe will be found to be smaller and smaller, until finally one star will appear to be fixed. This particular star is termed the north-pole star, and is the point in which the axis pierces the heavens. The point opposite to this is termed the south pole. Such is the effect of a general view of the heavens. As it is quite possible the student may still be per- plexed to know how it is that some stars appear to describe larger circles than others, it will be our endeavour to state as clearly as we can, the different effects that would be apparent to an observer situated at widely different stations on the earth's surface. As previously named, the equator is a great circle, perpendicular to the axis of the heavens and half-way between the north and south polar points. This great circle divides the celestial sphere into two hemi- spheres, termed, respectively, northern and southern. Suppose an observer to be at the north pole, he will have the celestial pole for his zenith and the equator as his true horizon, consequently all the stars visible to him will be northern stars only, or those north of the equator. This position of the sphere is known as the parallel sphere, because the stars appear to move in circles, never rising or setting, and always keep the same distance from the horizon. It is in this sphere that the sun remains above the horizon for six months together and is below it for the same length of time. At the south pole the same effect obtains, with this difference, that the southern stars appear only, or stars south of the equator. The sun in this part of the world being likewise six months above and below the horizon. To an observer at the equator, stars north and south are seen, he being situated at that part of the earth's surface where (as previously remarked) the equinoctial line, or great circle, divides the earth into two hemispheres, north- ern and southern. He will have for his zenith the equinoctial line, the north and south poles being in the true horizon. This position of the sphere is known as a right sphere, wherein the stars rise and set every twelve hours. It is in this sphere that the days and nights are in like manner of equal length. To an observer situated at a middle north latitude, all the north and some of the southern stars will be seen (this being the part of the world we live in), but to one in a middle southern latitude, all the south and some of the northern stars are visible. This position of the sphere is known as the oblique sphere, because the true horizon cuts the equator obliquely. In this sphere the days and nights are of unequal lengths, the stars being also unequal in lengths of time above and below the horizon. With these brief explanations of the sphere-parallel, right, oblique-the student will be enabled to understand how it is that some stars describe larger circles than others, as applied to a middle north or middle south latitude. We now pass on to give an explanation of the causo of the monthly variations (which cannot fail to strike the observer) in the positions of the stars, as related to the meridian, zenith, or horizon. We know that the diurnal motion of the earth is one of perfect uniformity, and supposing the earth had no other motion, all the fixed stars visible to us would culminate at the same time throughout the year. But as this condition does not obtain in nature, it is obvious that another motion acting in combination has to be accounted for to produce the variations al- ready alluded to. This second motion is that of the annual revolution of the earth round the sun from east to west. Now the interval between two succes- sive returns of any fixed star to the same meridian is smaller by several minutes than that given by con- secutive transits of the sun, the result being that we have two days of different lengths, termed, respec- tively, a sidereal and a solar day. But before we proceed further, it may be better to explain the cause of this difference. During the time that has elapsed between the two successive transits of the sun the earth has advanced in its orbit about one degree, thereby effecting an apparent change in the position of the sun in the heavens from west to east. Further, before the sun can again coincide with the meridian, the earth has to make a little over one axial revolu- tion. As we are accustomed to reckon the length of the day by a daily meridianal passage of the sun, it will be evident that a solar day must be longer than a sidereal day, because, since the previous day, the sun's position in the heavens has changed in an easterly direction consequently, the greater length ef the solar day over the sidereal is attributable to just the time occupied by the rotation of the earth in the interval of time equal to the change in the position of the sun from one day to another. But as the earth has to travel in an orbit not cir- cular-termed an ellipse-al.-o inclined to the equa- tor, its motion as a consequence is not uniform, producing a corresponding effect in the apparent motion of the sun, and causing solar days to be of unequal length. In order to meet this inequality of the solar day, the mean, or average motion of the sun is adopted, instead of the true motion, giving an interval between two consecutive transits of the mean sun equal to twenty-four hours of clock time for the entire year. A mean solar day, as indicated by any ordinary clock, is longer than a sidereal day by about four minutes. Now this difference of time, four minutes, as between a mean solar and sidereal day, will enable the student to understand the cause of the apparent variations of the stars for any period of the year. To illustrate this point clearly, we will suppose an observer to make a record of any fixed star on the meridian of his place of observation, say on the first day of January at 8 o'clock in the evening. On the following day and hour, he will see the star has advanced westward to the extent of one degree or four minutes in time, the third day and hour two d egiees or eight minutes, and so on, night after night. At the expiration of one month, the star will have advanced thirty degrees westward or two hours in time, and finally at the end of the year, it will be seen in its original position. What applies to one, applies to all the fixed stars. Fcrnlcigh. G. E. F.

T?T-BERT PRITCHARD*STBENETITR CONCERT. STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS. Receipts. I Payments. By tickets and 'Printing -.1 2 6 Programmes 10 10 Kiiip > tiny. « Hire oi Ar^.do -ilcil 0 14 I Postages, &c. 0 2 0 £ 2 4 0 £ 10 10 4 Balance, £ 864 H. T. ROBERTS, Hox. SEC.

9-o--reii THROAT IRRITATION.—Soreness and dryness, tickling and irritation, inducing cough and affecting the voice. For these symptoms use Epps's Glycerine Jujubes. Glycerine, in these agreeable confections, being in proximity to the glands at the moment they are excited by the act of sucking, becomes actively heal- ing. Sold only in boxes, 7id. and Is. I d., labelled 2 "JAMES Errs & Co., Homoeopathic Chemists, Lon- "1 received "Gentlemen,—It may, don.' a iv-— an extended perhaps, interest you to know tnai, trial, I have found your Glycerine Jujubes of con- siderable benefit (with or without medical treatment) in almost all forms of throat disease. They soften and clear the voice.- Yours faithfully, GORDON HOLMES, L.R.C.P.E., Senior Physician to the Muni- cipal Throat and Ear Infirmary." 'LHK ZEAL OF OOJN V JFIKTB. — UUIL,—. always been remarkable for the venom of their oppo- sition to the creed they have deserted, and for their often unscrupulous ardour in support of the new faith. The history of the Gunpowder Plot is a curious instance of such conduct. With the exception of a few, every man engaged in the conspiracy was not only, as Fawkes proudly boasted, a gentleman of name and blood," but bad once been a Protestant. Catesby, though the son of a convert to the Catholic Church, had been brought up as a Protestant, and had married into a Protestant family. John Wright and his brother were converts from the Anglican communion. Guy Fawkes came of a Protestant stock, and in hia youth had been a Protestant. Thomas Percy was a convert from Pro- testantil-m so was Sir Everard Digby; so was Robert Keyes, who was the son of an Anglican vicar; Henry Garnet himself did not forsake Protestantism until he had been converted as an undergraduate at Oxford. The Old Catholic element amongst the conspirators was in a minority, and only represented by the brothers Winter, John Grant of Norbrook, and Ambrose Rook- wood. We have no evidence that the mass of the Eng- lish Catholics approved of the plot; on the contrary, such testimony as we possess proves their repugnance of it, and their horror that such a deed should have been considered as authorised by the teaching of their Church. The advocates of the conspiracy were the Jesuits-Fawkes and his colleagues were all members of this Order, and between the Jesuits and the secular party at that time there was so bitter a feeling, that it amounted almost to schiem. The majority should not be made to suffer for the crimes of an unscrupulous minority. In accusing the Roman Catholic Church of the guilt of this plot, we should, in all fairness, bear in mind that the conspirators belonged to a body then hostile to the Church, that the Pope knew nothing of the deed that was to be perpetrated, and tint we have no evidence of any of the Catholics of the secular party being accomplices in the Gunpowder Treason,- Gentleman's Magazine. ENGLISH MANUFACTURES. The value of British manufactures exported to foreign countries has declined in the ten years from 1870 to 1880 by some X4,000,000 sterling. The value of the exports of British manufactures to the Colonies has increased in the same period by over X14,000,000. There is no foreign country with which England does business with which her trade is not declining; there is no colony with which it is not advancing. Already the trade with the Colonies is greater in value than with the whole continent of Europe. Australia herself has a trade with us almost equal to that of France and Italy together. £"1_ 1t.r_ TTT' ^uMirAHATi vis IUURTALITY- we cannot enumerate all the trades and professions, but may con- clude by adverting to some curious facts bearing upon a few of them. In the country, farming would appear to be the most healthy of occupations, while that of the inn or tavern keeper is the most fatal; the average of the farmer being under twenty per thousand per annum. Boniface, mine host, drops off every year at the rate of thirty per thousand of his kind. The butcher ranks next to him in fatality, his florid look and apparently good condition notwithstanding; and in the case of both, excess in eating and drinking, coupled with the use of too much animal and too little vegetable food, is doubtless provocative of the result. The brewer's drayman is another illustration of ap- pearances belying reality. To outward seeming, he is a veritable Samson in health and t trength; organically he is weak as a child. His first illness often cuts him off; his average age being only 43 years. Waiters and potboys come under the same general rule, the days meted out to them being even somewhat fewer in number. The student who wastes too much of the midnight oil is proverbially said to be sapping the foundation of his constitution but the exaggerated cultivation of athletics, it appears, is productive of a like result. Among professional cricketers, wrestlers, Thames boatmen, and such like the average duration of life is found to be notoriously low.- Chambers's Journal, <

RHYL. AT the last Denbighshire Quarter Sessions Mr Richard Jones, of Glan Aber, Denbighshire, and of Morley road, Rhyl, qualified as a magistrate. Mr Jones is the only Wesleyan magistrate in the county. AT the Municipal Election at Grimsby on Tuesday last Mr William Mudd, father of Mr Harry Mudd, Bodfor street, was returned for North Ward at the head of the poll, though strongly opposed by the publicans. AT the meeting of the Local School Attendance Committee on Tuesday last, on the motion of Mr Wynne, seconded by Mr W. E. Smalley, Mr P. Mos- tyn Williams was unanimously elected chairman, vice the Rev. Duncan Macgregor resigned. WE regret to announce that Mrs Winston (mother of our respected townsman, T.Winston, Esq) breathed her last yesterday. The deceased lady was much res- pected, and in her the poor have missed a kind friend. ACCIDENT.-On Saturday last J. Middleton met with an accident whilst playing in a football match. He was playing an excellent game and when in the act of following the ball he came in contact with one of the Holywell players and by accidentally crossing the legs of his opponent the shin bone of Middleton's right leg was broken. The snapping of the bone was heard distinctly by spectators some distance off. Under the of directions Mr W. E. Smalley Middleton was removed to Dr Pryce Roberts' surgery, where the bone was set, and from thence he was taken to Liverpool to be under the care of Dr E. Thomas, the eminent bone setter. Immediately after the accident a subscription list was opened on behalf of Middleton, who is much liked by his fellow players, the Rev. E., Tudor Owen, the president of the club, and Mr W. E. Smalley, giving £ 1 each, the amount now sub- scribed reaching nearly £10. We are glad to say that Middleton is progressing satisfactorily. WHEN it became known that Mr Lawrence had been summoned under the Sunday Closing Act, we are informed that an informal meeting of the trade was held, and a committee fund raised to bear any expenses connected with the trial of last Monday. A CHRISTMAS TREE will be held on the 20th of next month in aid of the funds of the new church. With her usual philanthropic spirit Miss Manaix will open, in connection with the above, a Dorcas Stall," so as to get a good supply of useful artcles to dis- tribute among the deserving poor of the town and she sincerely trusts that those who God has prospered will give a helping hand. Thus they will benefit the poor and assist to erect the church. PRESENTATION TO ACTING-SERGT. DExso.N.-When it became known that the above officer was to be re- moved from Rhyl to take charge of the petty sessional division of Northop, several of his friends and well- wishers thought they could not let him leave the town without some tangible proof of their appreciation of Denson's services during his stay of 12 years in Rhyl. A subscription list was opened and a sum of over X13 was collected. On Monday evening a num- ber of friends met at the Alexandra Hotel to present Denson with the testimonial. Mr E. Vaughan took the chair, and after a few remarks called upon Mr H. J. B. Lawrence, who, in handing over the purse of gold to Mr Denson complimented him on the straight- forward and honest manner in which he always did his duty, and trusted that he would not guage the estimation in which he was held by the Rhyl people by the amount presented to him—(hear, hear) —because the residents, after such a bad season as the last, could not subscribe as they would like. (Cheers). —Mr Denson briefly acknowledged the present, and a vote of thanks was proposed to the gentlemen who had taken the matter in hand.—Mr R. Hughes, sur- veyor, in seconding the proposition, thanked those who had originated the testimonial for giving him an opportunity of subscribing his mite to show his respect to Sergeant Denson. As a public officer he could sympathize with Denson. It was not an easy matter to give satisfaction in a public office-some applauded and others blamed, but the thing was to follow the straight line of duty without heeding the applause of one or the condemnation of the other, and in Denson he saw a man who did his duty with uniform urbanity (applause). Mr Hughes then suggested that an address should be presented with the money, and said that if the suggestion was adopted he would have great pleasure in writing the address. The suggestion was readily accepted. A vete of thanks to the chairman closed the proceedings. T: \IMIEIT8TIC SERVICES.—During this week the 'Ls&lisix e3,. of this town hav been holding fpecial service* ch will le cor-n.jjec. -.i-oct week. To-morroA (Si-r.-uy) t'ne Jk, E. LVvyd .Tore- will preach, and every :venl.: g next week -n I h" preached by Mr Jones, ReTr Edward Smitis, Mr W. Dobson. There will also be. r- prayer meeting each day. By reference to our advertising columns it will be seen that Mr George Siddons has commenced busi- ness as a fruiterer, at 32, Abbey-street. RHYL COUNTY COURT.-The last day for issuing summonses against persons residing out of this dis- trict for the next court to be holden at Rhyl on the 28th November, 1881, is Friday, the 11th inst., and those against persons in the district should be issued not later than Monday, the 14th inst. THE annual prize shooting of the "C" (Rhyl) d Company of Volunteers took place at the range or» £ r last. The following were the succerp. ;,aL"ù.lflU)' aJso a. ij. £ V'j.ul competitors:—" ""0 o "p.rtain CuYfer 200 300 -J.otal. Amt. £ s. d. I-Private Wallis 17 13 30 1 0 0 2-Sergt. Inst. Aforrison 15 13 28 0 15 0 3-Prvt. H. Wright 14 11 25 0 12 6 4— Pimblett 16 9 25 0 12 G o— Robt. Roberts 12 11 23 0 10 0 6— W. Roberts (1). 8 12 20 0 10 0 7—Sergt. Roberts 10 10 20 0 10 0 8-Prvt. Nicholls. 12 8 20 0 7 6 9-Corpl. Shannon 13 7 20 0 7 6 10-Prvt. J. Williams 15 4 19 0 7 6 ll-Sergt. Lloyd 9 8 17 0 7 6 12- Simcox 9 7 15 0 5 0 13-Prvt. J. Jones (2) 11 5 16 0 5 0 14- W. Jones 4 11 15 0 5 0 15—Corpl. Roberts 7 8 15 0 5 0 16—Prvt. C. Wright 10 5 15 0 2 6 17- S.Hughes 11 4 15 0 2 6 18- R. Davies 4 10 14 0 2 G 19-Corpl. Bacon 4 9 13 0 2 6 20-Prvt. T. F. Hughes 8 4 12 0 2 6 21- Chapman 12 0 12 0 2 6 22-Col.-Sergt. Gainlin 9 2 11 0 2 6 23-Prvt. E. Williams 0 2 2 0 2 6 A stiff breeze was blowing across the range in the morning making good shooting very difficult, but in the afternoon it became calmer and the shooting improved. BENEFIT CONCERT.—On Saturday evening last a concert of more than a usually interesting character was held at the Arcade Assembly Rooms, for the benefit of Mr. Robert Pritchard, Mill Bank, Rhyl, a bard and musician, who, for the last two years, has been unable to follow his employment on account of ill health. The Rev. Thomas Richardson, M.A., vicar, presided, and briefly addressed the audience, explain- ing the object of the concert. There was a very good attendance, and the following programme was gone through in an effective manner, Miss Richards and Mr. David Proffit being deservedly encored, and the other singers receiving unmistakable marks of appro- bation :—Address by the President; valse (Irish airs) "Emerald," Rhyl Brass Band; song, "Monarch of the Woods," Mr. Robert Hughes; glee, "Come merry Comrades," Rhyl Orpheus Society song, Y Bardd a'i Delyn," Miss Richards; song, "Tom Bowling," Mr. 1). J. Davies; old English ballad, Come Lasses and Lads," Miss S. A. Dyson piano- forte solo by Miss Grace Owen selection (Welsh airs), "Gwalia," Brass Band; glee, "Huntsmen's Chorus," Orpheus Society; song, "The Boatswain's Story," Mr. Owen Edwards; song by Miss S. A. Dyson song, Norah, the Pride of Kildare," Mr. David Proffit; glee, "When the earth is hushed" (serenade), Orpheus Society song, Children's Home," Miss Richards fantasia, Rose d'Amour," Brass Band. The accompaniments were ably played by Miss Hughes, St. Asaph Street. After the pro- gramme was gone through, Mr. Jas. Davies, Gwynfa Villa, read a letter from Mr. Pritchard thanking the audience, the singers, &c., for their kindness. On the motion of Mr. James Davies, seconded by Mr. J. Roberts, 16, Queen Street, a vote of thanks was passed to the Rev. Mr. Richardson for presiding, and the proceedings terminated with the playing of the National Anthem by the Brass Band. Fy mbabell, castell cystudd,—yw o hyd A'r haul sy' o dan orchudd; Gan faint tester pryder prudd, Ofn erys ar fy nwyrudd. Marw a raid! mawr air ydyw—marw raid Marw 'roedd llawer heddyw Ofnaf Ion, wele fi 'n fyw, A gym'rwyd o fysg atnryw. Dan y wialen, Duw wnelo-na ffromwyf Offrymer mawl iddo; Trwy 'r drefn ,daw eto, ryw dro Gyfle od i gofleidio. Gwna o honof gan liyny-a fynecb, Fy anwyl dad felly; 9 Hyn fydd fraint, cael nefoedd fry, 0 chwerwder y carohardy. Mill Bank, Oct. 29, 1881. MONORYDD.

for. They had annual meetings at the school to Present successful children with certificates of merit. In the course of a speach delivered at the last meeting Mr Wynne promised if any child shewed extra talent he would give him more schooling and ultim ately send him to college (applause). He would not only do this with the children of the board school but the other schools as well (hear, hear). Mr Wynne was no party man, every class was the same to him (cheers). The toast was received with great applause. The Chairman next proposed The Artist." They had all seen the characteristic picture painted by Mr Herkomer, and he (Mr Oldfield) was only sorry that the gentlemen was not in that room to respond to the toast. (Cheers). Mr Owen, the Bee hotel, had great pleasure in proposing the Committee who had been successful in bringing the event about. He would especially mention the Vicar and Dr Davies upon whose shoul- ders the greatest weight of the burden fell (applause). Mr W. Littler, Abergele, as one of the committee, thanked them for the way in which the toast had been received. He was glad to be present that day For the last 18 months he had been very intimate with Mr Wynne in connection with Board of Guardians affairs, and he had always found him a straightforward gentleman, and an honest chairman. The poor always received his special consideration (hear, hear). He neither feared rich nor poor, but would do what he honestly believed to be right (hear, hear). In conclusion Mr Littler hoped to see Mr Brownlow Wynne an M.P. before long (hear, hear). Mr Humphreys had the pleasant task of proposing the health of a gentleman whom they all knew as one of the best landlords in the country—the Prince in Wales," Sir Watkin Williams Wynn (applause). He was sorry that the baronet was not in the room to respond. Mr Cross, Llanddulas mills, proposed the health of Mr Oldfield and Mr Humphreys, as chairman and vice chairman. After Mr Oldfield had responded, Mr Jones, Llanfair Board School, proposed the "Press," which was briefly responded to by the representative of the Rhyl Advertiser. Mr P. Wynne Yorke presided at the next room and proposed The health of Mr and Mrs Wynne," and in doing so remarked that he was placed in a some- what difficult position, inasmuch as Mr Wynne was a near relative of his. But he would say that his worthy cousin fully merited the respect shown towards him that day (applause) and although it was well known that he and Mr Wynne had their little squab- bles—(laughter)—they were friends at heart, and their occasional differences only tended to make them better friends (cheers). As to the portrait it was like itself (hear, hear), and he congratulated Mr Wynne upon his selection of the artist (applause). The toast was drunk with enthusiasm. Mr R. C. B. Clough proposed "The health of the committee," who had so successfully carried out their important undertaking (applause). He coupled with the toast the name of Mr W. M. Clarke. The toast was heartily received. Mr W. M. Clarke, in responding, remarked that many years of intimate acquaintanceship with Mr Wynne had proved that gentleman to be a man of a thorough knowledge of business, and just and inde- pendent in all his actions (applause). Mr Wynne Yorke then proposed the health of the artist—Mr Herkomer, and remarked that the portrait and the original were two fac-similes. The toast having been duly honoured, Mr Wynne Yorke next proposed the health of the distinguished visitor-Sir Watkin-who, independent of his politics, as a landlord and a member of Parlia- ment always did the right thing at the right time. lie was kind-hearted, generous, liberal, and every. thing else (applause). The health of Mr Wynne Yorke, proposed by Mr Copner Wynne Edwards, was similarly honoured, and the proceedings brought to a close.