Welsh Gazette and West Wales Advertiser

Reputation. There are few persons of greater worth than their reputation; but how many are there whose worth is far short of their reputation ? STANISLAUS. Justice enjoins a regard to the reputation of others; this consists in avoiding everything that could be injurious to their good name, either by direct evil-speaking, or such insinuations as might give rise to suspicion or prejudice against them. Ail EitClIOMBIE.

Dawn and Dark. God with His million cares Went to the left or right, Leaving our world; and the day Grew night. Back from a sphere He came Over a starry lawn, Looked at our world; and the (lark Grew dawn. NOHMAN GALE.

Summer. Summer eternal, born From year to year, as morn Is born from day to day—reviving glows: Her breath the scented gale, Her voice the nightingale, Her form incarnate in the queenly rose. Summer, whose power confessed Instils each maiden's breast With such strange yearning as the red buds When in their bosoms sweet [know With unaccustomed feei-, Love walks among the silence and the snow. Summer, who dyes the meek And happy maiden's cheek With the new blushes of her wild wood rose. Who steeps her lips anew In Love's ambrosial dew, And fills her fancy with delicious woes. LOHD DE TAIILEY.

Our Year of Life. Every man is to himself what Plato calls the Great Year. He has his sowing time and his growing time, his weeding time, his irrigating, and his harvest. The principles and ideas he puts into his mind in youth lie there, it may be for years, apparently unprolific. Hut nothing dies; there is a process going on unseen, and by the touch of circumstances the man springs forth into strength, he knows not why, as if by a miracle but, after ail, he only reaps as he had sown. J. A. ST. JOHN.

■■ ■■ The Mystery of Thought. How wonderful are the laws of thought! With what strange sympathy are persons, separated from each other by space and position, led at once to the same train of thought and feeling! If we earnestly give our souls to any subject, we find others at the same time taking similar views. There must be actions of mind, on mind, more subtle than those of electricity, connecting links unfelt, unseen, which bind human hearts and human souls in the same brotherhood of thought and feeling. It seems that human thought and emotion, unwritten and unspoken, can influence kindred souls. 'Tis not only a dream of superstition that we hold converse with the dead, or with those we love in distant lands; even now our minds o'er- pass the Oimits of time and space. H. J. SLACK.

♦ Striking Contrivances. No scientific study can be more interesting than the powerful influences exerted on the coloration and morphology of flowers all over the earth by the visits of insects. The insects assiduously visit flowers for food-nectar, and by their visits the pollen of one flower is carried to the stigmatic surface of another, so effecting cross-fertilisation. The contrivances for making insect-agency efficient are so numerous, so palpable, and so exquisitely perfect as to entrance the observer. One flower has its nectar in a tube, to reach which the proboscis of the visiting insect must touch and split a delicate tissue, and expose the moist adhesive surfaces of a couple of pollen masses, which adhere to and are carried away by the insect in such a position that, in visiting another flower of the same species, it must deposit the -polle,ri -whete alone it can do its fertilising work. Another flower is so contrived that, to reach the nectar, the visiting insect must touch a sensitive surface, that causes the rupture of the tissue which confined a pollen mass, but which on the rupture of the tissue flies out like an arrow on the insect, and, having an adhesive end, sticks to the insect, which is startled away, and, visiting another flower of a like kind, deposits in the right place the fertilising pollen which it unconsciously carries. Another flower has an ingenious arrangement by which it lures an insect into its corolla, and then imprisons it, provided with plenty of food, until its anthers are ripe, when it sheds its pollen over the insect, after which, by a, special organic arrange- ment. it opens the prison door and lets its visitor emerge, charged with pollen, to visit another similar flower which will inevitably be in a condi- tion to receive fertilisation from its pollen-covered body. Thousands of other instances might be given. DR. DALLINGER.

Watêt. Is there anyone who can elevate his mind above that indolence of observation and dullness of feeling which result from the daily impressions of (familiar objects ? There are such for of them is he to whom Nature has granted the power of seeing her as she deserves to be seen, and of teaching others how she ought to be contemplated. it is the poet of Nature who should write the history of water. Familiar, even to neglect, this is a wonderful substance, and we forget to admire; beautiful, and we do not note its beauty. Trans- parent and colourless, it is the emblem of purity; in its mobility it is imbued with the spirit of life; a self-acting agent; a very well in the unceasing river, the dancing brook, the furious torrent, and the restless ocean speaking with its own voice, in the tinckling of the dropping cavern, the murmuring of the rill, the rush of the cascade, and the roar of the sea wave; and even in the placid lake throwing its 'own spirit of vitality oyer the immovable objects around. And if its motion is the life of the landscape, it is at rest the point of contract and repose for the turbulent multi- plicity of the surrounding objects; a tempering shadow in reflecting the bright picture, and as the mirror of the sky. a light amid darkness while it has the colour to enhance what it contrasts. .whether in its splendour or its shade. Its singular oppositions of character are not less -striding. Yielding to every impulse, unresisting, even to light, it becomes the irresistible force before which the ocean promontary crumbles to dust. and the rocky mountain is levelled witn the plain below-a mechanical power, whose energy is without bounds. Of an apparently absolute neutrality, without taste, without smell, a powerless nothingness, that deceptive innocence is the solvent of everything, reducing the thousand solids of the earth to its own form. Again, existing at one instant, in the next it is gone, as if it were anni- hilated to him who knows not its nature, it has ceased to be. It is a lake, and in a short time it is nothing; again it is that lake, and it is a solid rock. It is rock crvstal at one instant, and in the next it is invisible: while the agent of its invisi- bility transports it beyond the earth; that rock is air? Thus sailing the heavens, it descends again unchanged, again to renew the same ceaseless round; for ever roaming between the earth and the vacant regions of space; wandering about the earth below in the performance of its endless duties, and. though appearing at rest, resting nowhere. This and more is water; powerful in its weakness, and powerful in its strength; a union of feebleness and force, of incessant activity and apparent tranquility, of nullity and obliquity, of insignificance and power-a miracle of creation M'CULLOCH.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—THURSDAY. THE TITHE RENT CHARGE BILL. On the order for the third reading of the Tithe Rent Charge (Rates) Billl. The SPEAKER called upon Mr. Lambert. Mr. LAMBERT, in moving the rejection of the bill, asserted that this measure, introduced only a month ago, had been rushed through the House. But even in that short time there had been oppor- tunities of testing the feeling of the country, and at least three constituencies had emphatically pro- nounced against it (cheers). The closure had been brought into operation in a drastic fashion, and the bill had been passed without the slightest alteration. For this there was only one precedent, the Voluntary Schools Bill, which would seem to show that for bills for clerical relief a sort of divine inspiration was claimed (laughter and cheers). The case for this bill had been completely smashed. It had been irrefutably shown that the mainten- ance of the poor was an obligation attaching to the tithe, and that the rates were levied not on the clergyman, but on the tithe itself. It was a measure, moreover, in which there was no sem- blance of justice, for poor clergymen would receive a miserable pittance, while no fewer than 127 clergymen, receiving over £ 1,000, would receive £ 50 or £ 60 a year each in relief of their rates (hear, hear). It seemed to him a pitiable thing that a great and wealthy Church like the Church of England, with a revenue of over seven millions a year, should come to Parliament and obtain an additional endowment of Z3,000,000, for that was the value of the present dole capitalised. Mr. BROADHURST, seconding the amendment, maintained that the bill was a direct tax upon Free Churchmen, and therefore a re-enactment of Church rates in another form (cheers). It was also objectionable as ministering to the wants of pam- pered law breakers in the Church (cheers). He contrasted the conduct of the supporters of the Church in this matter with the voluntary efforts of the Methodists to raise the Million Guineas Fund. Mr. TALBOT deprecated Mr. Broadhurst's de- nunciation of a Church to which he did not belong. Mr. BROADHURST: But for which I pay (op- position cheers). Mr. TALBOT asserted that the relief that this bill conferred on the clergy would not in any sense oppress the persons whom the hon. member repre- sented. It came out of the natural increment of a county fund devoted to technical education (iron- ical cheers). But the authorities would be none the worse off. except in the sense that they would not be so well off as they might have expected to be (much laughter). On behalf of a great many clergymen whom he represented, he expressed then- obligation to the Government for introducing this measure (ironical cheers). Colonel MILWARD said that on this bill 50 speeches had been made for the Government and 203 from the Opposition benches, of which latter number 91 were made by Welsh members (cheers and laughter). Mr. BIRRELL said that the member for Oxford University bad made a most sporting offer to the member for Leicester when he offered to write his speeches for him (laughter). The hon. member for Leicester, being anxious to maintain his seat, did not accept the offer (lati,bter); -but he (Mr. Birrell), being made in a much milder mould. would be only too glad if the right hon. gentleman would not only write but deliver the speeches it was necessary to deliver on this occasion (renewed laughter). There could be no pleasure in taking part in a debate of this kind. An unfavourable consequence of an unduly large Parliamentary majority was that it robbed all the steps that their Parliamentary instinct required to be taken before a bill become law of all reality, sincerity & significance (bear, hear). The time-honoured forms of the House were alleged to become mere vehicles of obstruction. But the Opposition had duties, even though it were questionable whether it had any rights, and amongst those duties was the duty of maintaining the forms and traditions of the House while waiting for better times to come, times which perhaps this bill would do something to accelerate (Opposition cries of Hear, hear,") when the majority would not be so great, and when hon. gentlemen opposite would be glad that those forms and traditions had: been maintained which they now regarded with something like abhorrance and dislike. He opposed this bill on the third reading for the same reason as he would oppose it on the thirtieth reading, for that reason was that he regarded it as an unjust and an ill-omened bill (Opposition cheers). If ever a bill repuired to be defended in its principle and details it was this bill-a bill which diverted public funds iuto very private uses (Hear, hear). The bill might be right and just or it might not, but at any rate it ought to have been defended by the Chan- cellor of the Exchequer (opposition cheers). He, however, had taken no part in the discussions. It was alleged that he did not care much for this bill, but rumour was a lying jade, and he (Mr. Birrell) was certain that the right hon. gentleman did believe in the bill and was fond of it, because his was the responsibility and because his was the hand that turned the tap of the public Exchequer for this purpose (Opposition cheers). During the course of the discussion one thing became clear-that all hon. gentlemen were agreed that tithe rent charge was rateable property.. (Loud laughter.) The hon. gentleman made this quite plain, that tithe rent charge was rateable property. But so soon as they said that away new the argument based upon the fact that they were paid professional incomes, because it was admitted that professional incomes were not rateable property. Tithe rent-charge was rateable property, rateable in the hands of laymen impropriators as in the hands of clerical holders of livings, and al though it was true that there was a difference between tithe rent-charge in the hands of lay impropriators and the net rent-charge which remained in the hands of the clergyman who was com- pelled by law to discharge the duties of the parish to which he was attached, that was not a question of rating, but purely a question of the mode of assessment, and that depended upon the circum- stances of individual clergy. There was no general injustice in rating clergymen in the way in which they were rated now. He asked hon. gentlemen opposite whether they could put the case of the clergy more strongly than this, that at the very most some of them were entitled, under a proper and equitable mode of assessment, to make certain deductions from their tithe rent-charge- This bill did nothing like that. It did not alter me moue 01 assessment or permit; a single legiti- mate deduction. It simply dipped its hand into the national Exchequer—(opposition cheers.(—and took out P,87,000 year by year. It was a public scandel, a Constitutional wrong, that a measure of this sort should from the beginning to the end be passed sub silentio so far as the Chancellor of the' Exchequer was concerned. Mr. PERKS argued that one of the effects of the- bill would be the same as was produced by the- gift to the Voluntary schools, which was that the sub- scriptions fell away. This measure, he further pointed out, would increase enormously the unpopularity of the clergy in the rural districts. Mr. WANKLYN, as a member for an industrial community and a Liberal Unionist, supported the bill as a measure of obvious justice, and as, a; member of the Liberal Unionistparty, he expressed his regret that the right bon. gentleman the- member for Bodmen (Mr. Courtney) should have seen fit to throw in his lot with the party of Dis- establishment and Disendowment. Mr. LLOYD-GEORGE denied emphatically that the measure was an uncontroversial one. He admitted that in two or three elections- the- candidates had ventured to say in circulars which: their agents had issued that the grievances of the- clergy in the matter of assessment ought to be redressed, but he wished to point out that the present measure was not one that was recom- mended in those circulars. One thing which had been elicited in the course of the debate, and' which the Opposition ought to congratulate themselves upon, was that the main argument in: favour of the bill had been absolutely abandoned, and it was the one argument used to recommend the bill to the country. The argument to which he alluded was that of distress among- clergy. The- measure had been advocated in the, House purely on the ground of relief to a distressed classv entirely upon the basis of the distressed condition- of many of the clergy, but nothing was said about rating. He contended that the bill did not relieve distressed clergy, but went to the relief of persons who were least in neect of it It was really a dole to the clergy, and it had the characteristics of a dole. There was no principle of rating underlay- ing it neither were deductions made. If it was a question of rating or deduction, then there- might be some principle involved. There was really no ground upon which the bill could be defended, except upon the ground of emergency. It might be said that the clergy had suffered very consider- ably in the matter of rating, but so bad other classes of the community, and the whole question was why the clergy should have their grievance remedied now and receive this grant in aid instead of waiting for the report of the Royal Commission. He thought they ought to wait like any other section of the community with a grievance (hear, hear). There was really no case of emergency made out, and the only emergency that had been made out was really in the case of the urban tradesman and the agriculturist (hear, hear). Major RASCII congratulated the Government on the position in which they found their bill, but said that neither his constituents nor himself had any enthusiasm for the time the Government had chosen to introduce it (laughter). He held a some- what curious seat for the Conservative party, and he could not understand why the Government had introduced the bill within what bad been called "the zone of the general election." Of course the Government knew their own business, and they would see whether the result equalled expenditure. If an election were to turn on the subject in the part of the country which he knew best he fancied many of his friends as well as himself would be made "food for powder" (laughter). He had heard of throwing a sprat to catch a mackerel, but he did not think a committee of experts would advise them to throw a whale to catch a sprat (laughter). Sir H. CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN said he imagined the general wish of the House would be that this debate should not be carried to any great length. He acknowledged the ability, dexterity, and adroitness with which the Minister for Agricul- ture had discharged his difficult task almost single- handed (hear, hear). This was a bill that dealt with taxation, but where had been the Chancellor of the Exchequer (Opposition cheers). The right hon. gentleman had not always been so reticent on the subject, for on one occasion he spoke with great clearness and emphasis upon it (renewed cheers). The most obvious, and in fact the only serious, reason for this measure was the hardship that had come upon certain of the clergy owing to the great fall in the value of the tithe and the consequent comparative pressure of local rate, In the dawn of this Parliament the Govern- ment attempted to mitigate a hardship of the same character, arising from the same cause, bearing on the occupiers of agricultural land. The relief was given blindly, without any recognition of the variety of circumstances existing in agricultural districts. He did not inquire whether the relief went to the fanner or the landlord. That was not a point of cnucli importance in the eyes of the Government, for they regarded both as their constant friends.— Now, before the shades of Parliamentary evening fall, the Government had been anxious apparently to confer a corresponding boon on another equally active and important class of their supporters—the country clergy,—whose rates accordingly were to be relieved by one-half, also at the cost of the public tax-payer (Opposition cheers). This was not a casual or accidental policy, but a policy deliberate and of set purpose, namely, that of giving pecuniary relief to certain favoured classes politically useful to the party in power—(loud f Opposition cheers)—who were to receive the sub- sidy, and were expected to be duly grateful for it (more cheering). The funds enabling this to be done were to be provided in such a manner as to ensure that those out of whose pockets they came should be as little as possible conscious of the 5 contributions they were making, an effect which did not make the contribution less real and sub- stantial (cheers). This was a policy which, within Lour recollection, had never been adopted by our Government in this country until the present Government came into power. In past history we had known cases of it, but few. if any, in which it had been done in so unblushing a manner. (Opposi- tion cheers). Mr. Long could hardly contain his indignation when hon. members implied that mercy was the key-note of the measure. The truth was the right hon. genleman saw how unworthy and humiliating a thing it would be for a great and wealthy Church to come to this House in format pauperis (hear, hear). Accordingly, the question' of injustice was put forward. But where was the injustice? It had been proved over and over again that all the parson was entitled to by law, by pre- scription, by theory, and by immemorial practice was that which remained of the tithe after the claim of the Poor Law was satisfied, and the rates were not charged, as was alleged, upon his income, but charged on the tithes before they had assumed the character of income (cheers). There had been, and would be, no value received, and therefore they confined themselves to the bestowal of a gift on their friends the clergy, which was recouped out of the pockets of the general taxpayer (cheers). Here was the triumph of the apostles of justice on the Treasury bench-those friends of the Church (cheers). The poor vicar or curate labouring with altogether insufficient, means, but with unquenchable zeal and self-sacrifice and with little praise of men, in the slums of our great cities got nothing (loud Opposition cheers). The poor country parson, hardly able to maintain his social position received a small pittance. But the rich donation was reserved for'the wealthy country clergyman who was also the most important in his political influence (loud cheera). The Opposition had done theii- best to expose the inconsistencies, the inequalities, and meannesses of this bill. It would pass. Let it pass. They.could but denounce the measure as one of gross injustice—injustice as between class aild class in the community, injustice as between man and man among the clergy them- selves, and he made bold to say it-Sat the bill would deal—nay, had already dealt—a heavy blow to the dignity, the interests, and the spiritual influence of the great Church in whose name it had been promoted (loud Opposition cheers): Mr. BALFOUR said the Opposition were never tired of explaining what an excellent effect this bill would have OIL the elections, but his experience was that a bill thus advertised usually meant a bill that could lie- easily misrepresenttjd upon public platforms. If the speech just delivered was a type of these speeches, misrepresentation:could hardly further go. The right hon. gentleman told them that the bill' was a political' bonus given in part for favour received and in part for favours to come. This was-na-b only a very unjust view of the bill, but one with so little foundation that even in the heat of debate the right hon. gentleman's high position and high character ought. not to have allowed him to utter it. He must know that men had set their hand and seal to the doctrine of the bill who were wholly outside and' beyond the de- grading suspicions tl4e right hon:. gentleman had expressed (cheers): He need not' quote the hon- oured names of the men who hadlsigned the report of the Commission; He associated himself with all the right hon. gentleman had said as to the inadequate means. on which many of the town clergy carried on, tHeir work, and1 he wished not only that the stipends of those clergy could be increased but' that their numbers- could be aug-. mented. It'could' not be suggesisttU however, that the Church that raised;such vast sums for spiritual work was lacking in public spirit.. If the Govern- ment now came forward they did) so not to relieve' the poverty of the c' brl-y, but to remedy a great injustice, and he rejoiced to think that, in spite of the attacksmade on -tite -bill', the Hbose of Commons with,, as he believed,, the support" of the country, had not shown itself unequal to'the task which justice had imposed upon it (Ministerial cheers).. THIT DIVISION The House divided shortly before eight O'C1OC1:L Eorthe -third; reading 182 Against. 117 i- Government majority 65 The' declaration; of the- numbers was rectified with prolonged Oppcsition cheering.

CHURCH NEWS. The Rev. John- Owen Thomas, of Aberdovey, has declined the invitation of the committee to become the'secretary of the Bala Theological C'oifege, in succession- to the- late- Rev. R. H. Morgan,. Mr. Thomas bad been approached1 before the committee met, and' had writtem refusing to allow, h; name to be pub forward'. The Rov, William Thomas, of Parsgias, Elim, near Carmarthen^, died' from apoplexy easiy on Monday mornihg The deceased v.as = a- retired Welsh CbngregaticatalSst minister, hav-ifcg r-pesigned the pastorate of EIfun and UwlchnewjxM :GSrarches some-ten years- agav. Tho Rev.. Di Morris Bbvies, of Talgarth, the aged. Nonconiormist minister who \ra,sjut> over by the Mumbles ttairm at Swansea! terminus on Saturday.. died; at Swansea Hospital' om Sunday nigMtL. Bishop-ILfoyrJ, who' was recently- rertwved from Bangor to his residence at Llana3fcrijC&ixliganshire_ has had a rec-urrence of the paralytic- stroke from;, which he- has been suffering. 11$" lhip's corz- dition is regarded as hopeless. WELSH CONGREGATL0NA& UNION. Fifteen years ago the Union moebiags were 111 in Liamelty, and are memor;Jale even now for the- success which attended them.. Tj&ife year Llaneily' turti has me round again*. aJJ on Monday the reception; of delegates for the 1899 session took place at the Park Schoolvoam. Of course, the week is young yet., but sufficient already is known to make it certain that the meetings: will be more successful than ester. This yean- the committee were able t>o indaetj the railway eom- panies to issue cheap* ticksos to Llanelly for the weel!z. If-ull advantage aais. been taken ot this concession, and it Sj,¡, expee-ted that close, upon 500 delegates were piesent. The president for the year is the Rev. W. TINomas, of Whitland, who delivered his address from the chair on Wednesday morning. The local committee, with the Rev. Thomas Johns as chamoan, has been hard at work perfecting the arrangements, and in this connection the services oi the sosaretaries, the Rev. M. P. Moses, the Rev. Elias Davies, and Mr. W. Jenkins, of Bryn, deserve recognition. The programme for the woek is a very full one.

The most nutritious. EPPS'S COCOA Grateful and comforting. EPPS'S COCOA For breakfast and supper. EPPS'S COCOA With natural flavour only.

[This column is devoted to contributions on Local Antiquites, Folklore, Place Names, etc ]

Our Lady's Mill and the De- molished Chapel of St. Mary's Aberystwyth. In an early volume of the Archaeologia Cam- bresis there appears a contribution by the late Mr. T. O. Morgan, of this town, entitled "Our Lady's Mill, and the Demolished Chapel of St. Mary, Aberystwyth." I have not seen Mr. Morgan's Guide to Aberystwyth for many years and can- not say whether the article was incorporated in that book. In any case the Guide" must by this time be a somewhat rare volume, and the facts mentioned in the documents together with Mr. Morgan's comments on the same generally un- known. The insertion therefore of the contribution in your Cymru Fu column cannot but be appreciated by such of your readers as are interested in local antiquities It will also serve a useful purpose if it impresses upon the present inhabitants the necess- ity of protecting the "castle grounds from further inroads of the sea. Mr. Morgan's conjecture that the sea limit of the grave-yard surrounding the demolished church was in a line with Trwyn Cwn- hingen will not seem extravagant when it is borne in mind that the little promotory was within living memory of such a width as to enable the children of the town to play upon it. By a document (lated 25th May, 16 Elizabeth, being the record of a verdict in a cause tried at Hereford, in which the Queen's Attorney-General on behalf of the Crown was plaintiff, and the in- habitants of Aberystwyth were defendants, in an action respecting the title to a mill at Aberystwyth called Our Lady's Mill," it appears the right in the said mill was established in the Crown. By letters patent dated the 10th July, 27 Eliza- beth, being a grant from the Crown of the afore- said mill for forty years to Richard Prvse, the son of John Pryse, Esq., deceased, on condition of per- service in the chapel of Aberystwyth, and under 60s. rent, with suit of mill, &c. Indenture of the 1st March, II James I, between Francis Morris, of the city of Westminster, in the county of Middlesex, Esquire, and Francis Phillips, of London, gentleman, of the one part, and Sir Richard Pryse. of Gogerddan. in the county of Car- digan, Knight, of the other part, being the purchase of the aforesaid mill called "Our Lady's Mill," in fee subject to a rent of 60s, payable to the Crown. Michaelmas Term, 16 George II, Thomas Pryse, of Gogerddan, Esquire, John Moms, of Aberyst- wyth, iiiiller-coinplaiiiants- And John Evans, innkeeper, Lewis Mattbiias, Jennet Davies, Richard Parry, Lewis Evans, David Evans. William James, Robert Evans, Morgan Jones' Mary Williams, Frances Williams, Thomas Taylor, Samuel Davies, Thomas Parry, Alexander Gordon, Alderman, John Evans, Esquire, the present mayor thereof, Roderick Richards Glover, and Evan Edwards—defendants. The bill in the cause states that Thomas Pryse and his ancesters bad time out of mind been seized' by grant from the Crown of one water corn grist mill, situate in tOie town of Aberystwyth, called' Our Lady's Mill," at a certain yearly rent of £ 3i. payabl'e at the receipt of His Majesty's Audit. That from time- immemorial the inhabitants of the town of Aberystwyth, and the liberties and' precincls thereof, have by ancient custom ground! all sorts of corn and grain used and consumed' therein at such mill, paying one-sixteenth dish for- the toll. That the said inhabitants were, by the said custom, obliged to bring or send their said corn and grain, so to be consumed and used, -to the said mill,, and to no otaer. mill whatsoever, paying such toll. That such inhabitants have not, from time immemorial) ever had: a right to grind at any other mill, or to set up or arect any mill for- their own use, which mill the complainant and his tenant: were by such custom bound to keep in repair. The answer of the defendants admits the seizing- in Mr. Pryse, but whu-ther it descended to him under grant from the- Grown, they put in issue: they deny- the custom as alleged, or amy such custom to bxve ever existed, and claim. the right of grinding tbeircom at their own option) The only papers in< the cause are bill ancli, answer wltst became-of.the suit does not, appear,. but the mill: has continued in posseasion of the; Pryse fimil-A. ever since. Their title-commences by the lease for forty years from Quee ,Elizabeth, on condition of 'performing service in tbe-Chapel oF Aberystwyth*.that'is, providing for tito,same, an(.'t,' is completed by the subsequent purchaae of the fee- and reversion from Miwris and Philli;is,-who musfe^ have been graaaAees of ithe Crown thereof, and theiit.- title seems^to <have--be«« (Confirmed by the suit laafc above stateciJ.of'thecl!>nDexion or dependence Our Lady's MiN on the-Cbapel at Aberystwyth, notice is t akseti in; the- iMter two documents. The followiDgJfaddress and observations were prefixed to-a,! li'st subscribers towards tae- erection of thie-first chapel of St. Mi-Tfaael at Aber- ystwyth. "'Tb all well disposed persons to whom, these preser&s-may ceeme." "Whereas the to-Nm-i of Aberystwyth- in; ,Cai**tiganshire has- many year's ago been depf ived of lis church by the sea grid^ ually undermining it. We, the inhabitants of he said town, jJstlý Icimeating the wcatt of a place properly aikipted and consecrated for dHidwr worship, and-truly sensible of the spiritual beneffifc we might reasonably sspect from having a churoit or chapel erected i here, but perceiving, by the lowest calcaidtion, .thilat the same cannot be com- modiously daiilt, and ia, decent provision mad^c&ir the minister-# without3t fund or stock of £ 500-and being utte iV unable to raise such- a contribution: amongst o oaelves neeessitat skto-have to this aaethod "V humbly requesting your generous aid enable asv-tfl carry on aati compléte our well raeanfc and sa-fltaarr design.J&hh: Jone»>. Mayor of AberystwytaVM. H. Evans, Xbwi), Isaac vf Llanbadaui'; Eclwcid Hughes, JClin Parry, Fdwaad Jones, Cliiuries U/iydi, Richard 0*ven, John Mgrfr&n, Stephen j&mes,- R.itMrcl Edwa--& &e. &c. Aber- ystwyth, nth May,. 1762, observations acci napaav- ing the above addressed. ""Tisere are several 1 persons -iawlivitg who have beem marrif ibe churchy xxcl forjaerty belongiraj to the churcte at Aberystwyth. 'ilie next chn.:(tb., t\O the séJid. town is Llan ^darnii 3&wr, above a Eteile dis^stot,. and- the wato it extremely wet aad disagreeable, so that thold aswjl-f infirm canr ^t attend the- public; worship of Qodj.aiDil that a time- of life he mos.4 probal L-if they- -;»onld profit )y, it> of a drjvptossaivt Sunda yy manyvhrnridreds of souls go to Lnbadarn Fawr irem Ab^systwyth, b^ijrof a wet cay, some- i times,, not dozen. We know I:Q. town in | GreateBrilian^o. large and ]SOJMI1OUS as this, and 1 yet s a ddStaninfflnom any cburcb, and all its. iribibi- ) tantsv withpab exception cilblM established Church j of Eagland; These consignations, h is humbly hop(Aw,i-11 ii-3imee every tepssrolent fChsistiin, who, ? delists in Tp*>inoting the,interests of ;el%ion, amfi to w-hftni application slui&'bc* made ia this behalf', ability, ibt order ta. enufrte U8.me: said inhabitants, to bl;ld a church he*«y. the-ihaportant ssjswi-ces of vz'tgh with tlte. blassiiig £ God are soo evident to need ajy further; e&slwrtation. j As the^-deprivation ibl-f their chu-iMi by the | gr&dnall^-naderminiaf&ife is assigvtfd by the in-- >\ httbitaiifcfias the maajigfonnd of appeal to tbl 2rbliC for aid, by suibsas-iption, toi 'auiM anothcon. it oan scifeti^ly be dosifted that tfea- former cbmich.. before-lit was swept ay by the- sea., served as, tha jr^ace cf divine woishipi for the inhabitants c.x,' t-lie ibwrxantl it is saitr by them chat at that tdi&e, jl762iv there were- tfftffsons livSftg who had b&en jmamasJ in the Giuwrfbyard belonging to thcvifeaaol- isheJ1 church at Aberystwyth. i life appears to Uvo. been dedicated to St, Mary, aad iio have been, situate in, btont of the- Castle Hksise, some cutajbce seawandv as far, probably, tas rtie present. wtEsternmosit point of the Castle Cfeieen, called 11Il Cwnhingen, on the spot first ermined and' then sweigti away by the- sea, and it seems profeablte that the ijessace and wtilk walled 3n at the froute of the Castlfe House, formed part of the yard oil- burial ground beSooging to it, for whee.gv.GtT there hat* been occasion to open. any part of that grounc4. human bones; and frag- ments of toi»Vstones and! of coffins have beed al- most imWibly turned) up in digging. When, iib was first used for divine, worship does not appear* Whether- it was ever regularly endowed and consecrated is a. question, as no express deed of endowment is kziowzi to exist, but the dedication of tit.. Alary and ttsa name ot Uur ijaay being ginm to the town mill of Aberystwyth, argues a ccviuaexion and dependence of the latter upon the farmer, more particularly as provision is to be made for divine service from the profits of the mill." The practice of attending the services at Llan- badarn Church was continued far into the present century and the inconvenience experienced by the petitioners was not unknown in later times. Wet weather then as previously reduced the attendance of the Aberystwythians who, I have been told, in time of flood, used the paved wall which skirted Buarth Mawr, and where those failed them, bould- ers placed as stepping stones. The more zealous of the town worshippers dubbed in contempt those who allowed themselves to be prevented from being present at the services" Fair Weather Christians." Perhaps it will not be irrelevant to mention here that prior to the extension of the town beyond the old walls there was at the bottom of Great Dark- gate-street a slight eminence which was known as Bank bach wedi myn'd." It derived this rather picturesque name from the fact that when the town dead were carried to Llaiibadarn Churchyard for interment, the older inhabitants would accom- pany a funeral as far as the position of the greater town gate, but from age or inclement weather these would fall out of the procession and taking a stand would watch the cortege wind round iiie little eminence, then on' its disappearance would exclaim, "Mae e' wedi mvn:Íj r Mae e' wedi myn'd." Surely, a scene not a little oriental -ir character. With regard to the finding of hnsaan bones or." and about the site of the Castle House, it will be-) remembered that five or six years ago when some j alterations were being made in the science side of the College the labourers came aci'Oss six skele- | tons. At the time their presence, ih'a spot adjacent to the castle ruins, was referred to' the inevitable cannon of Cromwell but in the light of the above above contribution, there can be no' doabfc that they were the remains of bodies buried in. the dis- appeared graveyard. RICH Amy E&LIS. }

THE PAN-CELTIC MOVE-1 MENT. The impetus given to the Pan-Celtic movement I in Cardiff last week will, it is hoped, infuse seme j life into the hitherto .sluggish attitude of Wales j towards it. Der Keltismus as Dr. Zimmer I it, should be taken out of the region mere Barrlæ Ij ceremony and participated in with an intelligent II interest, and with a practical aim, namely to joi« with the four sister nations in preserving, exploiting,, and perpetuating our common Celtic heritages of i language, customs and, in some measure, race. The conception is a noble one, and its- potentialities are great. Its realization rests with. I the intelligence of its leaders, and the active sup- port of their followers. As far as we are able to judge, Wales is repre* port of their followers. As far as we are able to judge, Wales is repre* sented by sundry members of the Gorsedd. No-, doubt their services have a value, for the specta- I cular is always dear to the Celtic heart, but if |' Wales is to be represented by men fit to hold their own with the distinguished and cultured repre- sentatives of Ireland, Scotland, the Isle of Man and I Brittany, the co-operation of her best and ablest is absolutely necessary. We do not seek to cast aspersions on the mental calibre of the Bards as a class, but we venture to think that their gifts fit them more for Eisteddfodic competitions than for the conduct of an organization, the very life of which depends on qualities akin to statesmanship and on leaders who can claim a sturdy following. The Bards are woefully destitute of influence out- side of their own circle, and they are the least likely of all to rouse the country to take an interest in the Pan-Kelt ismus. If Cymru Fydd (Young Wales) is to be en- listed, we look to the leader and originator of the movement, Professor Owen M. Edwards, as its the fittest representative. If he fails to fire the imagination of his countrymen, Pan Keltismus, so far as Wales is, concerned will never outgrow the merely sl)ectaeiiiar.. We feel that under the leadership of Professor Edwards, something might be accosipliahed, arad we know that his counsel wouid be valued by the Gaelic and Breton leaders, even as we know thwt the splendid eloquence of Dr. Douglas Hyde would-find a quick response in our own country.. There is no need; to nans* any colleagues to j Professor Edwards, that we might suggest; we have an abundance erf, distinguished men of letters j and capable administrators, axik-I we can find a few i men who ean converse with'the Irish Gael in his | own: tongue: The eidisting of their sympathies is | easy once we have a leader to approach them. 9 The question, of the language co be adopted by 1 'the Pan Keltismus is skknotty ose. We see that || Ibish Gaelic-has been-ariopt-od by the Council, and j considering; that? the scheme itself emanated from | Ik-eland, the choice is perhaps natural. But for all J practical gunpose, English mutvt be tbe common | language of the combined conferences-. This may | be galling to some perfanv-id'Celc?, but it is not to | 'be -expect eel'that Welshmen, generality, can acquire j a. sufficient! knowledge of Gaelic,. assuredly the J most difficult language ih'Europe;,foE practical use. | We liopa-that the Csmncil of the: Paa Keltismus | will-keep invtouch with. Wales by supplying ber I press with-i every news- of its progress,, and we J sincerely liope that tlie information will be con- I veved in wther of the languages unctess-tood by J Welsh Editors. I

LLAN, tON- THE OTHER SIDF.Correspcn(lent has again | iassumed the role of a critic, but "iis criticism was I confined i-lst week to some- slips if the tongue or of j ;t-h'e pen, v;liocb he imagined bads been- eammitted I iby me. Itu the first plasts, he attempted to give me a lesson; iii. chemistry, .but tharks to Jag«>, I have studied eatragh' of it to Snow that, some ingredients lare soliiickd;. others insoluble. E did raot say, begging, correspondent's-- pardon;, that tie water supplied 't<'). Llánon was- up to the mark. What I said waf.sthat tbe watar-supply was bad' and that steps should iBiinodiataiy be taitan by the District Councillor more corrcctiy the- Parish- Council, to remedy :he- defects. GOrrespondent was at first greatly wimbrconfouaclfed by-ths-wates supplied to J the litisid village by. the chunch," Taut now he i acknow ledges that the water, ssgplied to Uanon is J even moBBhiioxious. I)fc rtofrgiKs-younself away in that manner, corresgondent; Stiak to your J standing' or perhaps ysoawillba-unable to extricate | yoilrsel', from the I- Loo4: before you leap, | or take -ibe consequences. Yoir hav.e admitted just I what 1 s:desiied you to admit, Again our friend asSerts, that I failécH to deny tlie- fact that the I villagc graveyard ha.-i! its drain; limtrwards a few yards ¿:,oove the ,we'1! The reason, why I did not deny i itv-as that I .considered it too insignificant a point to. teach lipomas the -,iit;oittible ingredients are cr/sight; up by tha four yardis or filter ground previously mention-cob. The churchyard is a matter of lEQt:\yaros abovo. the weSi I should like to inform- correspondent1 that 5 understand nothing concar-iuitg drainage. Can ii be thaL he is experienced in that also as well as in building ? A v owl erf ul fellow, truly and oae to command respecfe f«>r "labor omnia vincit." Again he asked a creation soraetlsihg to this effect., what would the -people of Abesystwyth do if they were supplied with? v/ater from, depressions in a river bed? Why- introduce suppositions,.correspondent ? Stick to facts But lèV- us. suppose- that to be true just fo nthie sake of argument. Let us give the people of Aberystwyth Llimon waiter and the people of L .Jiioiaii Aberystrwth wateE. What would be the iiMsaeaiate results-?: Well, firstly, the Aberystwyth wnnlrl }flh" tnpir lnv.kv strvrs • sp^nrHlv t.Vip l- 'r- 'A. "JÃJ "J OJ, "L'J' .L' f .Uiioja people -"would silently curse their fate and I loudly curse tbaitr teeth thirdly, there would be I." Hi: iimnediate. stampede of dentists from Aber- yetv/yth to Lbaion. Can, iit be that Correspondent | iS-igriorant of the fact that Plynlimmon water is fstital and disastrous to natural teeth? Why mako-l yourself ridiculous, Correspondent ? Do you; | actually meaaito say that green grass only grows r^r extra-nourishing waiter, and that horses not' drink tile water wlkich we in Llanon drinks If so how isiifcrthat Teetotaler still remains a total 1 abstainer? Edid not say that four yards of earth was sufficient to thoroughly filter impure wat«r, bttt that it A-zs enough to, partly purify it. Nor -Hd I;s.y that tiha- buildings of Llanon were artless,Aut that the w'i'in which: they were built was. Corre- spondent at first sai(I that they were built la a foap-hazarti way, but now they are in his option splendid. So they are and fit to grace a London suburb. We agree far once, Correspondent. Ske, butyou must. rememjteer that inconsistency is. fatal to friencjfebap, Our friend must be mistaken when he says ctliat the number of deaths could be reduced by half 5 we wery supplied with his ideal water. I hope that he wilt not go a step further aad pro- 1 claim tSat the Llaaaonians would live till Doomsday provided they had! such water, I should like to whisjeff a word ear two in Teetotaler's oar. How: can yon say that the reasons why Lisbon is sc-i healtt&y are (1) sandy soil, (2) pure air, (3) a clever and energetic medical officer, wjSen Corres-- poraatent affirms that the water is not fit far houses to drink ? Could a mortal, I &V, even if he were endowed with all the blessings of nature, l're foa-any length of time and had to be content with such water ? The answer is decidedly negative. iigain, Tee-totaler, the complaint is- generally for the quantity and not for the quality of the water, if my ears do not play me false. lifow is it that I remind Correspondent of an African Savage t. Does he generally spend his holidays among them and is acquainted with their waj;s ? Correspondent must excuse me for asking so many questions. He must not be surprised if I devop into a note of interrogation some (lay. At lt after loeg years, of waiting, I have undergone the pleasure of being called amusing and tht by our Correspond- ent of all men. He is fishijjsuj for couipliments, I imagine, and expects me to come over half way and call him a wit. I might do it some day but not just yet. My love for facts forbids me so to do. With regard to th iron table the days of the old knights have passed away, and we are too modern in our ideas to carry out Correspondent's wishes, although we are sorry not fo oblige him. Au revoir, Mountaineer, shall we meet on the sum- mit of Mynydd Bach and join friendly hands in constructing a reservoir while the Parish Council slumbers and needs a cordial or shall we again some day meet in ostentatious warfare in the columns of the Welsh Gazette." CERETICO. [Ceretico is mistaken in what he says about Plynlimon Water.—ED. W.G.

LLEDROD. CALVIXISTIC METHODISM.—The chapel has now been completely renovated and the several improve- j ments that have been carried out give general i satisfaction. The re-opening services will be held j on the 8th and 9th of August, when the Revs. Thomas Levi, D. Charles Evans, Rhyl; Evan Phillips, Newcastle Emlyn, and D. Hopkin Lloyd, Gilead, arc expected to preach, j

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