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—ww—■mmmmmmmtmmmm NOTES AND…

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— ww—■mmmmmmmtmmmm NOTES AND COMMENTS. Elsewhere we give a full report of an address on "Sheep-Breeding" by Mr Marshall Dugdale, delivered aS the annual I meetit)g.of the Aberystwyth CoiJege Agri- cultural Society. The Rev. Thomas Levi, speaking at the West Glamorgan Monthly Meeting,, said he was firmly of opinion that the X1,00,000 for the Century Fund would be collected. X40,000 was expected in from South Wales,. and X60,000 from North Wales. Last week a Church paper, in uttering a note of warning to the County Council elec- tors, expressed its regret "that ministers of religion should aspire for seats on public bodies.' The advice may be sound but if it is, why not apply an occasional dose to our spiritual guides in the House of Lords? The concoction was probably meant for a local sore at any rate it was freely applied in a certain district in Cardiganshire. At Birmingham on Friday, the proprietor of the Lord Nelson Inn, Nile-street, was fined £5 and costs for selling beer containing 87 grains of common salt per gallon, which was 37 grains in excess of the recognised standard. The Medical Officer of Health said it was profitable to brewers to put a large amount of salt in their beer, as it aggravated thirst. The defence was that there was no legal standard fixed. The President tof the Local Government Board informed a deputation from the Poor- law Unions Conference last week that he did not see sufficient grounds for granting their request for a six-months' postponement of the new dietary scale in workhouses. How- ever, he suggested that a deputation from the Poor-law Unions should confer with the officers of the Local Government Board, and he would be guided by the report which would be submitted to him. Addressing the Birmingham section of the Institution of Electrical Engineers last week, Dr. Oliver Lodge, Principal of Birmingham University, said that the antiquated system ot teaching mathematics which prevailed in schools was a monument of modern educational folly, He wished someone would advocate teaching Greek methods of arithmetic as well as,geo- metry, for then, surely, a rebellion would set in. Euclid's work was splendid for its day and generation, but it had had its day, and for elementary and popular purposes should cease to be. Some little time ago the Morning Leader" commented on the wholesale and chastening effect that a little direct taxation would have upon those jingo workmen who raved and ranted for war. The Prfll Mall Gazette" evidently holds that such men should not escape, for on Saturday it said It is, therefore, only fair that they should bear their share in the payment of the piper who have taken so important a share in tailing the tune. We hope that the Chancellor of the Exchequer will not shrink from the possible consequences of calling upon the working classes to stand shoulder to shoulder with the subjects of direct taxa- tion." The "Pall Mall Gazette" apparently wants some additional burden to be placed upon the workmen beyond that which he now carries, and that addition should be of the nature of direct taxation. The "Morning Leader'' never asked for that. Indeed, it thoroughly agrees with the view expressed by many of its correspondents that the workman pays his share, and more than his share, now. The mischief is that he does not know he is paying. If some deductions were to be made every week from .his wages the Jingo workman would be less inclined to talk' wildly about his Impeiial destinies. At the annual meeting of the Cambrian Railways Company, held in London last week, one of the shareholders said it was time something was done to benefit the holders of the ordinary stock, and he moved that the directors approach the London and North. Western, the Midland, and the Great Western Companies to ascertain upon what terms they would purchase the undertaking. The motion was seconded but did not find another supporter, and was then lost. A second resolqtion for the appointment of a committee of shareholders to confer with the directors was not pressed. Mr. Edward Powell, Newtown, called attention to the un- satisfactory train service to Aberystwyth, and asked how they could expect that water- ing-place to flourish when served in such a manner. The immortal memory of St. David has been honoured in various ways during the past week, not only in the Principality itself and in the larger English towns, but all over the globe wherever a considerable Welsh community is to be found. This year, how- ever, the celebrations were much modified owing to. the death of the late Queen. A St. David's Day dinner is one of the few. func- tions at which men of different parties, interests, and creeds meet in fraternal con- cord. Such gatherings do much to foster and strengthen the sentiments fof nation- ality, and it is remarkable how that senti- ment has grown in. Wales of recent years. Tory and Liberal, Churchmen and Non- conformist now vie with each other in asserting the right of Welshmen to cultivate and to take pride in their distinctive trait I as a people. This year's gathering at Aber- ystwyth, under the, presidency of Mr. D. Lloyd Lewis, was considered the most successful for many years. Dr. Harries again enlivened the company with his favourite theme, ad went into a great hwyl." A full report of the proceedings is given in another column. At a meeting of the Northern Counties' Education League on Friday a letter was read from Lord Edmond Fitzmaurice, M.P. on the necessity for harmonious working between School Boards and County Councils. The subject of the Education Bill to be introduced this session was also considered. Rumours had reached the League that the bill would seek to destroy all School Boards below a certain limit of population. In addition, the proposal to apply local rates to schools of sectarian character and manage- ment was held to call for the strongest opposition' from all friends of education. It was pointed out that the Secondary Bill of the Duke of Devonshire proposed to use local rates and funds for' the support of schools of the narrowest denominational type- Tne Rev Dr Randies, supported by the Rev Dr Bruce, said that what the denominationalists wanted was the power to retain the appointment of teachers and of inculcating creeds while drawing the cost of the schools from rates and taxes.—The Chair- man, Mr Cockburn, discussed the question of the suitability of the County Councils 'to act as educational authorities, and it was generally held that the County Council was quite unable to perform the duties of local school management, Q:. Last week Dr. Disoiiel Evans, of Swanseaf gare the son of Mr. John R. Rosser, a bottle- of faixture containing earboKc acid by mis- take. The you'th died rn' half an hour. Dr. Evansi admitted the mistafts at the inquest. The Arasjy Estimates wllgh were issued last week,, should make the dnJfest realise what war raeans to the tar^payer. The Government asks for X87,91^AM)0 for the coming financial year. The Earl of Kimberley has been, seriously ill for the past week. On inquiry- on Satur- day a press representative was informed that his condition showed no improvement, and that the extreme weakness was causing, great anxiety to his family. The Cardiff School Board has just taken a plebiscite on the question "Shall Welsh be taught in the Cardiff Schools?" with the result that by a majority of 670 the proposal was negatived. As a result Welsh wilt cease to be a compulsory subject in the curriculum. Cyclists are successfully asserting their legal rights. Two important county court decisions were given last week, In a- Maidstone ease a number of persons walking in the road would not, in spite of warning, take the trouble to allow a cyclist to pass. Some of the number were inadvertently knocked down.. Judge Emden held that if people took the road when a path was provided for them there was cast on them the necessity of extra precaution. In the second case, Judge Short, at Lincoln, gave damages to a cyclist whose machine, left on the edge of the pavement, was injured by a cab driven along the street. These decisions will, no doubt/encourage cyclists to insist upon their rights. The result of the London Counry Council election is the triumph of the citizen over the politicians. The apathy which everyone expected has been all on the side of the Moderates, who fought the election for the first time on party lines, and appealed to the voters as Conservatives and Unionists. Perhaps the most striking victory is in Battersea, where Mr John Burns and his colleague (Mr William Davies, of Bryngwyn, Borth), who at the last triennial election had a majority of 1,400, have now a majority "of 4,000. But the Progressive majorities in every district where they have won are astounding. It is now recognised by sensible Moderates that they will never obtain a majority until their representatives show a genuine desire to further the work of the body they are elected to serve. Whatever may have been the case five months ago, when the country was deceived into the belief that the war was over, and consequently that results had justified the Government's policy, there can be no question that the popularity of the war has since considerably abated. People are beginning wearily to ask themselves, What are we fighting for ?" and When will it end ?" Gradually but surely the conviction is gaining ground that we are attempting to crush not an "oligarchy" but a nation. The hopelessnees, to say nothing of the immorality, of the undertaking is becoming more manifest every day. During the seventeen months of the war many thousands of lives and millions of money have been sacrificed in efforts to force the uncondi- tional surrender" of a brave enemy. We went to war for equal rights and now it is unconditional surrender." At Westminster last week the Royal Commission appointed to inquire into cases of recent arsenical beer poisouing in Lan- cashire and elsewhere resumed taking evidence. Dr Niven, medical officer of health for Manchester, was the first witness. He suggested as a safeguard against the introduction of arsenic into articles of food or drink that manufacturers of foods and drinks in the preparation of which chemicals were employed should be required by law to have printed in clear characters onany order sent to the vendor of such chemicals the words To be used in the manufacture of foods and drinks," and that persons supply- ing chemicals for that purpose should be required to affix a label on each consignment. stating that the materials were for the. manufacture of foods and drinks. With reference to malt and hops witness suggested that it should be made illegal for such articles to be contaminated with arsenic, and he considered it desirable that the. Food and Drugs Act should be amended so that it might be possible to trace that source of contamination. In the March number of the "Temple Magazine" the Rev. Silas Hocking discusses. the question of the wisdom of the century schemes for raising money adopted recently by certain religious denominations. He mentions the American plan of celebrating ithe new century by getting half a million more children to join the Sunday-schools, and adds; This was a very notable and neble achivement, and if, now that they.are gathered y into the schools of the country, the intelli- gence and enthusiasm can be thrown into. their training, the good that will result therefrom in the future no man can estimate, j In this country the heads of the various 'Churches have come to the conclusion that, the great thing needed is money, and so. tnearly every denomination has started its. century scheme for raising guineas. I cannot honestly say that I think that ,money is the gieat want of the Churches to- day We may build huge churches. and rear lofty spires and decorate with artistic skill, but if we cannot get the mas- ses of the people into those churches, and so, bring them under the influence of the. Gospel, then our expenditure is very largely in vain. There is excellent entertainment provided! for the' public at large-at the ratepayers, expense by the Lewisham Board or Guardians. A week or two ago Mus Moran, "an active; lady member of the, board, "exchanged words" with another member, Major West. Things got to such a pitch that the lady finally questioned the, right of the major to his military title. The major expressed his willingness to pro- duce his commission if Mrs Morgan would show him her marriage certificate,. a condi- tion which she repelled as "insulting." On Monday Mrs Moran was again in attend- anee, and interrupted so repeatedly that she was finally forcibly removed by order of the chairman, with, a view to the better conduct of the public business. At the close of the t71 meeting, however, she returned, and pro- ducing a dog-whip, she heartily beJaboured the unfortunate major with it, exclaiming You scoundrel You eiir! and This is my revenge!" Major West took his 44 punishment" Hbravely, and continued to smoke his cigar. As a matter of fact, he seemed to rather enjoy the incident. There was, at any rate, plenty of laughter from the other membws of the board, several of whom wput to the major's assistance, and drew off his assailant. Afterwards the police appeared upon the scene, but Major West declined to give Mrs [ Moran into pustody.

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