Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
27 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
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mm BHOOKij .1" SAIJCE, I j
MANAGEMENT OF GRASS LAND.
MANAGEMENT OF GRASS LAND. In the paper which Mr Kenneth J. J. Mackenzie read at the Farmers' Club stress was first laid upon the necessity of keeping pastures for grazing and meadows for mow- ing distinct, never mowing a pasture. The reason, he explains, is that in a pasture a great variety of bottom grasses and clovers is needed to come on for eating by stock at different periods of the season, whereas in a meadow what is wanted is a collection of comparatively early grasses and clovers which will all be as nearly equally fit as possible for cutting at the same time. When a pasture is shut up for mowing the taller grasses smother the finer herbage, and thus deteriorate it for grazing pur- poses.
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re CO.I\Lri vtoq I Not to-day's experiment, 1 I discredited to-morrow, I but a Remedy that, for 80 I years, has been yielding 8 the best results in casesof Consumption Weak Lungs, Asthma, Bronchitis, Coughs & Colds. The Rev. G. T. LAYCOCK, RacTolt or TERWICK, SUSSEX says relative to the case of a Godson who had been given up by three doctors:- "At my suggestion his parents gave the lad your Elixir, and there was, in a short time, decided improvement, which eventually resulted in re- covery. During the whole course of my clerical experience I never saw anyone snatched, as it were, from the very jaws of death as that lad was." CONGREVE'S ELIXIR, of all Chemists, 1/1I2, 2/9, 4/6, and 11/ New Book on Consumption, 6d. post free. G. T. CONGREVE, Coombe Lodge, Peckham, London, S. E. t t!
THE STRENGTH OF A DOG'S JAWS.
THE STRENGTH OF A DOG'S JAWS. There are other ways besides putting your finger into his mouth of testing the strength of a dog's jaws. The following narrative appeared in a Scotch newspaper, which, as it is given with full details, we accept in good faith. The strength of a dog's jaws and teeth were never more ex- emplified than in the case of a Ross-shire gamekeeper, whose collie was unfortunate enought to be caught in a steel vermin trap. The gamekeeper, gun in hand, was soon on the scene, but in the short time the dog had become infuriated with pain. Having nothing suitable for muzzling the animal, and fearing to place his foot upon the trap spring with the dog's jaws free, the game- keeper placed the gun-barrels in the dog's mouth, and held them there while easing the spring. With a vicious snap the teeth closed on the cold steel ere he regained his freedom. The barrels, which are of steel, were holed through, and were examined shortly after."
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R 1111? I 0 s s. Sold everywhere, t/tt per box.
WREXHAM HORSE SALES.\
WREXHAM HORSE SALES. The opening sales for the year were held by Messrs Frank Lloyd and Sons in the North Wales Repository on Wednesday and Thursday, January 27th and 28th, when up- wards of 450 horses were disposed of. ( Trade on each day was an improvement on the last sale, everything useful finding ready purchasers. At the first day's sale the Army Remount secured 12 riding horses at prices ranging from 40 gs to 70 gs, and on the second day 30 cart horses were boxed to London .while numerous purchases were made for Glasgow, Liverpool, Wolverhamp- .fiiI,j.1 i. ton, Walsall, Manchester, Ross, Oldham, St. Helen's, Reading, etc. The following are some of the best prices:—Mr P. Lougham, brown gelding 70 gs, pair 90 gs, Mr McGaffrey, pair 110 gs, bay gelding 50 gs,
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EIFFEL TOWER LEMONADE. This article is undoubtedly the most delicious, cool, refreshing drink obtainable, so healthful, ao convenient, so cheap—4Jd. per bottle.
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RALEICH CYCLES (Rigid Rapid and Rallablo) II ALL STEEL Are the most perfect bicycles extanil Send for Book of the Raleigh," post free from:— I RALEICH CYCLE CO., LTD., NOTTINGHAM
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"The Cook's Best Friend." I 13AKING POWDER. t
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For to-day- have a Hot Corn Flour and Milk Pudding. This pudding, made with good milk and Brown and Poison's Patent Com Flour, is warming and nourishing for the children, enjoyable for adults, a good dinner sweet, and an agreeable light supper dish. But boil it well- 10 minutes by the clock—and be sure to use Brown & Poison's "Patent" Corn Flour I Its delicate flavour and great | purity make all the difference I in the pudding. I Stewed fruits, such as figs, | apples, and prunes or preserves go well with this Ilk puddins-
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THE GREAT SKIN CURE. Budden's S.E. Skin Ointment will cure itebingf after one application, destroys every form o Eczema, heals old wounds and sores, is infallible for Piles, prevents cuts from festering, cures Ring" worm in a few days, removes the most obstinate eruptions and scurvy. Price 7d and I-ild. Post Free Sid and Is 2id. Agent for Newtown ANDREW BREESE, Ohemest (late Torgan & Sons), The Cross. Welsbpool: Payne. Llanidloes: E. Hughes. Montgomery: W. P. Marshall. Mach- ynlleth G. M. Arthur. (K86)
POULTRY MANAGEMENT.
POULTRY MANAGEMENT. THE ORPINGTON. In the rivalry displayed during the past year for the premier position in poultry- dom, the useful, profitable, and handsome Orpington has kept well to the front and fully maintained its excellent reputation.
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•To MOTH Kits. —Mrs Wmsiow's Southing 6yru has been used over fifty years by millions ? mothers for their children while teething, with perfect success. It frill relieve the poor Rulfe. eJ immediately It is pleasant to taste; it produc- r Datura! quiet sleep, by relieving the child fi pain, and the little cherub awakes "a.- t ftf « hnt+OT> "if ..11 .h" Qi- I
GARDENING.
GARDENING. We have received a catalogue with a beautiful coloured plate from Messrs Ryder and Son, of St. Alban's, whose seeds are justly .Ielel)rat,ed all over the world. It is a most useful and comprehensive book, and splendidly arranged, containing par- ticulars of every kind of flower and vegeta- ble seeds that can be bought. The great feature of Messrs Ryders' business is their system of supplying all seeds in penny packets. This is just the catalogue for lovers of gardening who require a beautiful dispay of flowers at the smallest possible cost. 1_-
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I RYDERS' SEEDS I Jj* Penny Packets are of the best quality. I niatter what price you pay you cannot ■j get better, and for a small sum you can have B a splendid selection which will make your ■ garden beautiful. Write to-day for a Cata- ■ logue, which will be sent FREE, with beau- H tiful Coloured Plate, by return of post. I RYDER & SON ■ SEED SPECIALISTS. 1 ST. ALBANS. H Beware of Imitators. B
SOME HELPFUL HINTS.
SOME HELPFUL HINTS. Be Quite sure that no surface water is lodging in the young corn crops. This soon causes the plants to become sickly, then many perish, and light and inferior crops. are inevitable. Ruts can ofteR be opened in a few minutes with a spade that will pre- vent a great deal of harm and save much. Cutting furrows with the plough to run sur- plus water down in a confined space, or across to divert it to the sides, is work promptly favoured by all good corn-grow- ers. The labour is nothing, the results most economical, but attentions are curiously often awanting. Indifference has ruined many a farmer. Be easy on early-foaling mares. Do not treat them as invalids, but avoid hustling. Where slugs and snails are cropping off the young corn, dress the surface with soot or kainit. The latter is a sure prohibitor, — *■ and a considerable fertiliser. Make inquir- ies as to seeds that will be required, and have them in readiness. A change of potatoes is invariably advan- tageous. Scotch and Irish produce are much favoured in England, and work won- ders. The most excellent growers change their seed every year, or two at the farthest. Early potatoes should be kept in boxes to sprout, previous to the planting. This simple process assures a crop that can be marketed a fortnight before the non- sprouted ones, and those two weeks imply a vast difference in price; indeed, sufficient to be a huge profit.
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RYDERS' SEEDS For the Garden in Penny Packets, from Orchids to Mustard and Cress. You can buy larger packets, but if a pennyworth is enough why buy more? Half the seeds sold in more expensive packets are wasted. Write to-day for our Catalogne, which will be sent FREE, with beautiful Coloured Plate, by return of post. RYDER & SON, SEED SPECIALISTS. ST. ^DuB-AJNTS- Beware of Imitatoi-s.
Montgomery Town Council.
Montgomery Town Council. On Thursday, present: The Mayor (Alderman On Thursday, present: Tho Mayor (Alderman Fairies- Humphreys), Alderman A. Vaughan, Councillors C. P. Davies,. C. B. Williams, M. i; Owen, T. G. Mitchell, and Henry Jones, with the ] Clerk (Mr C. S. Pryce), Medical Officer (Dr. Kirk), Inspector (Mr R Tomley). DAIRIES AND COWSHEDS.—The Town Clerk W88 directed to advertise in the local papers giving j the requirements as to registration under the Dairies and Cowsheds Ordar of 1885. WATER SUPPLY.—A letter wax read from Mr W. F. Iddie stating that he could not depart from his previous decision to have the water rights valued by an expert valut-r.-Aiderman Vaughan proposed that the matter be deferred with a view of further discussing the matter.—This was seconded by the Mayor and carried STREET LIGHTING.—It was decided to appoint a committee of the whole Council to coTA'ide" question of the town streets lighting and 'to report to next meeting. MARKET TOLLS.-Tho Town Clerk reported tils. the present lease of the market tolls would ter minute on March 25th.—The lessee vftg called into the room and agreed to continue higeaqe for another two years on the s%Lma terms as athr^gejjj. namely, X72 a year, he to be allowed X6 o* of this amount for cleaning. REMOVAL OF NIGHT SOIL -The Clerk was directed to advertise for tenders for the removal of the night soil for the ensuing year. I TRUCKING OF CATTLE.—On the motion of Councillor Henry Jones, seconded by Alderman Vaughan, it was resolved that the Cambrian Com- pany be asked to make better provision for the trucking of catt Ie at Montgomery station on fair days.
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For Children's Hacking Cough at night, Woods' Great Peppermint Cure. 1/11, 2/9. Uwe"'I ,'1. f~ ZH—r1^ { tegsa PERFECTION f I 71 i_ SOAP I Ills if RIGIlpf f/ Jrn WEVEKY fSXr1^ *1* ¥ TkX17 & Jill Jtj[E When buying soap one should think of three I Very imP°rtant P°int5: QUALITY first, WEIGHT I I next, then the PR3CE—and if all these are right | I you get the best article. I • Ulsyls"#' In fSlRft Sii'lf Perfection" Soap guarantees all these- I |3 Hp^ll points—It is packed only in 3d.—full E IB |!Sorht 'In yifmcrhfI weight pound — tablets, honest and I IB 1^Bali BBS straight; its purity ensures rapid and 5 fggfpagg SlluiM. splendid washing, without roughened K HigilC lai rrlC8 or chapped hands. 8 full Users of Perfection" Soap obtain a 3d. tablet of Erasmic" Herb | Ik Toilet Soap for every 10 wrappers (send 40 wrappers for 4 tablets) which B discount further reduces the price by 2/- in the £ thus making I "Perfection" the best soap value in the world. I per full Users of Perfection" Soap obtain a 3d. tablet of 11 Erasmic Herb | lb. Toilet Soap for every 10 wrappers (send 40 wrappers for 4 tablets) which B discount further reduces the price by 2/- in the L, thus making I "Perfection" the best soap value in the world. I t Also £ 10,000 in Free Gash Gifts. £ The ^Gre £ it IjSf Household Qggp C| 11^ JOSEPH CROSFIELD & SONS, LIMITED. 'Advertisement, my dear sir? I 'believe in it believe in it thoroughly. Last week I lost a dog; I advertised, and what was the result? Instead of one apoplectic old terrier, I've got three of the best rough-on- rats type you could come across—their pedi- gree may be doubtful, but their deeds speak for The uses of advertisement? I should smile.' ■ MiMMiniBiiiirTOr—■ I ■■ HI11 I woods' great I \vhe^ ^tcdedwt. il ja And each one will swear his concoction is right, j HH | Put feet in hot and says °l\e Says -tllot ur Hot water and whisky alone I Ture"• 1b | | O P FOR COUGHS AND COLDS I- 1 INFLUENZA AND LIKE AILMENTS I j 111 c thIn" twauJd be well | Anda'iclie;pndvict;onceforaifwcforsake. unless^Cou^hs and^Colds—thf^ had' the comin £ co,d' foSSy weather will be bad for many i j I absolutely free from them, get WOODS^PPeT^ tfhfd v"0" T' -C 1 P So when your Kind triends with vile nostrums II p vx>ds Peppermint Cure came to England with a record of wonderful achievement 5n C 1 i M 7 f A handy. OU Will need it. Si P rh:iSt 'I \T been remarkably successful in curing all affections ^he l^ the CoIon.es. In New Zealand Australia, and South Africa, in Asia and the I d heed them, but take Woods' Great household word. Let Woods' Peppermint Cure cure your Cough or Cold and prcvent more serLur-n'ments foil 75 eftective remedy—its Hamc has Income a 1 jp Pep-x-rnv.nt Cure. (102) If Prove a benent to you_as it has already done to millions. P event more serious ailments following. Let it bring ease and comfort in your home—let it 9 [ If «oas* Peppermint Cure at any Chemisfs-but be sure vou Cet g* E?%#l?nVlAS8 ■ bob >n B bato.AT f /| | AND 2/9 || I
TEMPERANCE MEETING AT NEWTOWN.
TEMPERANCE MEETING AT NEWTOWN. County Member's Views. A great temperance lecture and chemical demonstration was given in the Victoria Hall, Newtown, on Friday night, when Mr Edwards F.C.S., held a considerable audience spell-bound for over an hour. Mr David Davies, M.P bad been announced and placarded to take the chair, but after the allotted time for commencement he had not arrived, so Mr Edward Powell, amid cheers, appaarM on the platform with a telegram in his hand, and explained that Mr David Davies had evidently mistaken the time when the meeting was to have commenced, and he had been asked to take the chair in the interim, pending Mr Davies' arrival (app'ause). However, he would not inflict a speech uprn them, but would straight away call upon Mr Edwards to deliver his lecture. Mr Edwards had just risen to his feet when a burst of charing from the lower end of the hall announced tho fact that Mr David Davies had put in a timoly appearance. He was met in the ante- room by Dh Edward Powell, and in a very brief spaoa he had divested himself of his motoring costume and was facing his audience. Mr David Davies said he must apologi3e for boing late. He had come from Aberystwyth, and on account ot the slippery road he hlld taken longer than ho expected. He thought they were most, fortunate in having the services of men like Mr Edwaids and Air Muttram. This temperance meeting should bo productive of much good They could all assist the work of temperance reform aud cjuld all do something in three ways (1) Individually, (2) Socially, (3) Politically. (1) Individually they could help by the force of example (appl-i.Uie). They could all do something by showing other people that it was quite easy to keep on without using alcohol, and that they could have a good time, a happy time, and even a merry time -(laughter) -without having recourse to alcoholic stimulants. They did not always act; up to that, and he hoped these meetings would deepen their 3ense of responsibility and duty, and show their friends and neighbours that they could get on without using alcohol. Let them go in. the direction they were looking and they would do much for the cause. 2. Socially.—Here there was a great deal of work for the Temperance Societies to do in the way of providing counter-attractions and making tlrem attractive to their young people, and thus keeping them away from the associations and temptations of public houses (applause). Towards k thfise inducements they should do much more and talk much less. '3. Politically.—They onght to endeavour to prevent the facilities for the sale of intoxieants. During the last 12 months an attempt had been made to place some restrictions on the sale of liquors, and to minimize the temptations of the people to tike more than was good for them. They all knew what had become of it. He was afraid that sometimes that some of them might be filled with a feeling of despair after the time spent on it. In "pite of the fact that the measure was received with approbation by all temperance societies and that a great many petitions had bebn sent up in support, it had mat its fatB at the hands of the House of Lords, and although they had received the help of the Bishops, yet it had been rejected. Now was the time for temperance reformers to stand shoulder to shoulder—(ap- plause)—and to push forward the work. Now he considered was tho time when the fight was begin- ning, during the past few months they had simply heen skirmishing. Now the temperance reformers would have to b ind together and join issue wiih. the powers that hr^d opposed that great measure (applause). He hoped they would be able as a temperance body to secure the passing of mea- sures which all along they had advocated and tried to pass into law during the lailt 12 months. He alio hoped they would be better qualified to sup- port the cause of temperance when leaving the' hall than when they entered it (applause). Mr Edwards, F.C.S., then gave his lecture and chemical demonstration, and following him the Rev T. Hottraui gave a capital address.
WREXHAM HORSE SALES.\
Mr J. Martin, pair 100 gs, Mr S. Shields, pair 97 gs, Mr Morgan, brown mare 40 gs, Mr J. T. Morgan, chestnut gelding 50 gs, bay gelding 48 gs, Mr C. E. Ray, bay cob 48 gs, Mr R. Davies, brown gelding 58 gs, Mr Lovatt, roan cob 40 gs, Mr T. Herons, 1- ——-
POULTRY MANAGEMENT.
Besides the Black, which seems in great de- mand in the show arena this year, although an object for admiration, can hardly be recommended for utility purposes, the pro- fitable and hardy Buff Orpington seems to be more popular than ever, doubtless owing to its suitability for confinement and liber- ty, and its winter-laying propensities, whilst it is excellent for the table. The White has made rapid progress, and deserves to be better known as a hardy, prolific fowl, suited to almost any surrounding. All varieties of the Orpington are closely associated with profit, for if not required for exhibition or egg-production, they are excellent table fowls. A few cocks or cock- erels placed amongst mongrel or mediocre fowls will soon cause an improvement in size and prolificacy. No breed benefits more from exercise, and it is important that scratching exercise should be always given by scattering corn amongst loose litter, such as dried leaves, straw, hay, etc.
SOME HELPFUL HINTS.
Dairy Inspector (to Cocky): 'Your prem- ises are very dirty, I'm sorry to say.' Cocky: 'Oh, that's old dirt. It was there afore the Act come in.' Should the sowing of basic slag have been omitted, it is only throwing it away to dis- tribute in February or March. It makes the most impression on low, damp meadows in spring. Those travellers bold, who faced the cold, The Sopth Pole to explore, Would hive forsworn thair quest forlorn, And stayed at home, I'm sure, Did they not know, that 'mid ice and snow, Tbay could perfect health ensure, By having close by a good supply Of Woods' Great Peppermint Cure. RURAL JOKES. The following amusing howlers" by country schoolboys are given in the new number of 'The University Correspondent': To kill a butterfly you pinch its borax. The blood-vessels are the veins, arteries, and artilleries. A ruminating animal is one that chewa its cubs. The masculine of vixen is vicar. The Farmer: 'My boy Hiram gets a good deal of fun out of automobiling.' The Visitor: 'But he doesn't own a motor.' The Farmer: 'Of course not. He's one 0' the county constables.' A countryman very much intoxicated was taken to the station. 'Why did you not bail him out?' inquired a bystander of the friend. 'Bail him out!' exclaimed the other. 'Why you couldn't pump him out.'
WREXHAM HORSE SALES.\
brown gelding 45 gs, Mr R. Owen, roan gelding 64 gs, Mr Isaac Evans, grey gelding 62 gs, Mr W. Davies, bay gelding 62 gs, Mr E. Morris, brown gelding 60 gs, Mr G. Bar- rett, roan gelding 56 gs, Mr F. Saddler, brown gelding 55 gs, Mr H. Cambridge, black gelding, 53 gs, Mr T. E. Bithell, bay gelding 50 gs, Mr L. Pierpoint, grey gelding 50 gs, Mr James Owen, roan mare 55 gs, Mr W. Dutton, brown gelding 50 gs, etc. The next sales are fixed for March 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th. FEEDING CALVES FOR MARKET. Healthy life and rapid growth of the young calves at the farm depend much upon the skill of the farmer. The difficulties in the path of the feeder of baby beef are not to be lightly estimated, and there are sev- era important points which the feeder must never lose sight of. He must either raise or purchase well-bred calves of a beef-making type. The calf fat must never be lost, and while feeding to grow he must so feed as to lay on meat rapidly at the same time. They must be accustomed to a grain ration at the eariest possible age, so that at weaning time no possible check be given them. Suckled calves as a rule do not eat much roughage, but if loss at weaning time is to be avoided they should be encouraged to consume all the straw fodder or clover hay I they can digest. Strains of cattle that tend to early ma- I turity ought to be selected for the breeding
WREXHAM HORSE SALES.\
of such, and these strains are found in most breeds of the beefing type, and unless the calves chosen are from such types, there is little use in making the attempt. To try to feed a specimen from the strain that tends to develop the growing quality till two years and over (and these bulk largely in the average herd at the farm) would be a great waste, and a loss to sell to the butcher such a yearling. With the proper strain it is an established fact that the younger the animal, the greater the daily gain in weight, and this also at a I smaller cost. From these conclusions it would appear that in fitting such for the block there must be the greater profit, but there are other facts equally important to be taken into account before a proper comparison be drawn between the feeding of the calves for baby beef and the feeding of the store ani- mal as purchased at the mart or reared in the usual manner on the farm. Though the increase in weight is greater from calfhood to two years than afterwards, the shrinkage as between live and dead weight is greater in the younger cattle. SOME HINTS ON HEDGE-PLASHING. Once again the ploughing and hedging matches will be with us, and perhaps a few hints on hedge-plashing will not be amiss, especially as the responsibility of the farmer in respect to his hedges has become greater under the new Act; at any rate, there is more likelihood of claims for dilapidations being made than has been customary. The hedges, as a part of the permanent outfit of the farm, should be looked after with !IIB":tT¡' 'r- proper care, which is only reasonable. The School Board-reared boy rarely ac- quires an interest in farm work, for he has no opportunity of accompanying his father when at an age that finds him susceptible to learn for the pleasure of learning, conse- quently the race of shepherds, thatchers, hedgers, drainers, etc., is not perpetuated as it was when the boy carried his father's din- ner to him and he learned the craft the father excelled in as naturally as he learned to talk. Initiative and observation do not belong to the country boy to-day, and the consquence is these crafts suffer, and, so far as hedging is concerned, in many dis- tricts about all that is done is to send an odd hand to fill in a gap with a bush or a piece of wire; or, if the hedge must be cut, to let him crop it off two or three feefr above ground and make no endeavour to train the wood to grow so as to fill in the gap. TOPS AND BOTTOMS. As a hedge grows bushy from just below the point where it is cut, and the top grows at the expense of the bottom, it is merely a matter of time for the best hedge to be- come merely a series of gaps, with no young wood growing up from below to enable one to correct the errors which others have com- mitted. The hedge is upside down, thick at the top, and thin at the bottom, where thickness is most needed. It is not well
WREXHAM HORSE SALES.\
H__u suited to be laid down, because the stems have become thick, and the bark brittle and liable to fly when bent; moreover, the thick and gnarly growths where previous cutting has been done make it unsuitable to layer. A newly-laid or plashed hedge should be but the framework of the hedge and as far as possible be of young wood which will quick- ly grow laterals to be trained in the shape required, and nice discrimination is needed to select the best rods for the purpose. There is but one remedy for hedges that have become badly gnarled through too high cutting, and that is to cut them right down and allow them to grow young wood. This, however, occasions the loss of an effective fence for a lengthened period, unless the hedge be one planted in double rows, when one side may be cut and allowed to grow for a few years before the other is cut. Any observant man must have noticed how young the wood appears and how vigorous is the growth of the hedges of our railway
WREXHAM HORSE SALES.\
companies, although they have been planted half a century or more. They are to all in- tents young hedges, and look to have no prospect of decay for an unlimited period. The secret lies in their never having been allowed to grow coarse wood over-shadowing that about them. HEDGES CUT BACK TO A CERTAIN POINT. There are districts in which the hedges are cut back to a certain point every year, where one rarely sees a good fence, and un- der the treatment are never likely to pro- duce one, because they are never cut low enough. On many estates the hedges are required to be cut yearly; but this sort of work is to a considerable extent a waste. It would often be far better to allow the hedges to grow for a few years so as to pro- vide long rods which might be used for layering; if cutting down is insisted upon yearly no layering wood can be produced. In most parts of Montgomeryshire the hedge trimming or brushing is done with a short-handled hook or fagging hook; this is slow and less effective than where a long- handled hook is used. A man with a short-handled hook, which he uses with one hand, cannot possibly put the force behind it that he can where he uses a long-handled hook with both hands, and brings his body weight and strength to bear upon it. With a long hook he can cut through wood of any thickness, and thus keep the hedge to any required shape, whereas a short hook does not cut into the hard wood, but ridges outside it, conse- quently the hedges gradually thicken at the top where they ought not to. A long hook also gets over the work more quickly by reason of the long sweep ob- tainable. Moreover, it cuts upwards, and all hedges should be cut upwards and not downwards. For short hedges a plashing hook with a long handle is best, but for younger hedges the more curved one is most suitable.