Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
8 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
i ABERDARE. I
ABERDARE. DEMOCRACY AND ITS APPRECIATION OF MUSIC. —The last meeting of the local members of the W.E.A. took place in the Boys' County School last Tuesday. Mr David Evans, G. L.. w¡1& the speaker, and he gave an excellent and rooSt; pleasing address on Music a.nd its place the Jiife of Democracy." The masses were cra- ving for good music. Music schools should be- governed by the people so as to give a chance to the poor as well as the rich. Of the na- tiona-1 airs of England, Scotland. Wales anct Ireland, the Welsh had the greatest vogue, be- ing set for orchestration on the Continent- I There were 1,200 Welsh Airs. An old Welsh: air, Cyweiro Gwair," was then effectively rendered by the lecturer, accompanied by Mr- Owen. Aoeraman. The speaker did not thinlC much of the present day craze for rag-tinic, Take the Tag; out of it, and there was no music left
Navvy Pat's Views. I
Navvy Pat's Views. I Pat has been laid up for a fortnight, and the luberville tap room has felt the change; half-a-dozen talking at once. hence nothing for the PIONEER. Sandy MePherson 1 denounced Pat as an infidel for his last speech; Josie sees a revolution comma- since i's Clubs were closed on Sunday and Tink Frank threatens suicide because he can do nothin on Sunday but booze, and present restrictions prevent bona-fideing. To-day. however. 0", turned up looking much the worse ofi-ho — and he had not reached his corner when Sandy tackled him. Pat. I'm sorry that after your last speech here I have no name for ye but Atheist. Ye ken we're seekin' after truth here while we enjoy a drap o' guide licquor. an' ye start stutfin' us wi' lies." 'C,,o gloiv, Sandy; don't hurry; some grand men are Atheists, an' some are only called Ath- eists. an' there's many way ov seekin' afther truth. Ye can do like the man who luks fur the towell while the soap is in his eyes. an' whin he can stand it no longer digs his soapy knuckles into his eyes to clear 'em; then he howls till some one chucks him a towel fur pity, an' mebbee he gets a tea towel instead ov a face towel, an' thin there's a row wid the landlady. Now get the soap out ov yer mind's eve wid a little raison an' common- ser-se. an' heTl know truth whin yo cum ac- ross it. I gave ye truth, an' towld ye where ye cud read fur yerself. Don't swallow all ye see in the papers; there's little truth there unless it be a bit now and again in the PIONEER. "I get my truth from the Bible." said Sandy. "Well, me bhoy, use your raison an' common, sense there, too; for ye'll read how God made light, an' day an' night, an' mornin' an' eve- nin\ on the first day ov creation, an' didn't make the sun till the fourth day: an' how the hare is unclean for patin' purposes because it chews the cud but doesn't part the hoof; anr we know the hare doesn't chew the cud anY never did. An' we read ov the flood; how it rained 40 days an' 40 nights till the waters cove red the tops ov the highest mountains. It must have rained over 200 yards of water ev- ery 24 hours to do that. Ten inches in 24 hours would cause floods an' loss ov life an' destruc- tion of property all over the world, an' 10ft. in 24 hours wud sweep all soil an' ivrything movable into the ocean bod, an' all life along wid it.- Then it must have dried urt at the rate ov 70 oil F-mt. in to let Noah find dry land in 12 months, an' it hasn't dried an inch since; so you see there's need for study. What I've given N-t,, Saudy, is only a very small portion from memory ov what I cud show ye if we had a cupple ov hours together; but last time we met I showed from the Bible that our God is a God of battles; that He sent His people on many expeditions with in- structions more cruel than those ov the Kaiser, and His Son ordered His disciples to get swords when He sent them out to preach the Gospel the last time. The Bible gives no help to the conscientious objector, to the Anti-War Party, or to the Pacivists; let -IN see what common sense an' raison has to say. All livin' nature is. an' has always been, at war: and man follows the fashion. We find his earliest weapon a stone shaped sumthin' like a hatchet, but he must have fought before that wid tooth an; claw, like the other annimals; but ivver since he larned to shape the stone he has been unprovin' his weapons rill now men are killed faster than they can be born an' grow up. War is a curse, an' has to be done away wid; but the way to do away wid it is not to scrap your arms. disband your armies and re- fuse to fightt. It must be managed by all na- tions acting together. Wan nation cud never do it. but wan nation cud prevent it being done. So while war is the final appeal among nations it is the duty ov ivry nation to preserve its freedom an' the welfare ov its citizens by wise diplomacy if possible, and by war if attacked; an' it is'the duty ov ivry citizen of that na- tion to hold his life, his property and all his faculties at the sarvice ov his eounthry when needed, whether it be to fight or wurk in any other capacitv, his duty is to start when call- ed on. While there's wan nation that believes in war an' is ready fur it. every other na- tion must be reedv or go under: to funk the fight when attacked is to undertake slavery. in The threatened or attacked nation as in dutv bound, fights; its citizens as in duty bound do the fighting there can be no con- scientious objectors, for conscience makes a man do his dtity-not shirk it. Every shirker wud be a bit ov weakness, an' the nation (not a Coalition Guvvernment) shud force ivry shirker to do his duty like a man. But vou that has votes has sent the wrong men to Parliment. an' Parliment elected the, Guvvernment. or let them elect themselves, an the voice o vthe nation is not heard in St. Stephen's; and so ye've got Conscription, an ye cant get shut ov it. Every nation has he Guvvernment it deserves. It's a pity things are so muddled an so maa\ parties all pullin' different ways. It's a capitalists' war, but it's thinkin' I am that ye'll find capitalists behind the Stop-th-Wax Party; mebbe; behind the conscientious objec- tors. They may have bitten off more than they can chew comfortably, an' the Jarman ones are affeared that the Kaiser will bilk the war loans whin pay time comes, an' the British ones sees millions swallowed up in super-taxes, an' they want peace to recover a bit, an' then anober war. The attested married men want 'all the single men at the front before they (the mar- ried ones) are called on; but the married ones aiM mostly voters, and the single men have scarcely wan vote among a honderd ov them, an' it's the voters that put the men who de- clared war in office. an' the voteless men must be the first to pay the penalty; that's hardly fair. But, after all the pick of the nation, married an' single, have turned up magnifi- centl.v an' if the voters wud force the Guy- vernment to deail justly and generously wid them that's fightin' for the nation. an' wid them the fighters leave behind 'em. there wud be little trouble about married or single an' Conscription wud be useless. As it is. wid all their trouble, the numbers that Conscription will fetch will be hardly wurth the wurry poor Asquith has had over it. I have heard Christian Socialism mention- ed pretty often lately; how are ye going to fix it? Socialism must take In j\ ry soul m Bn- tain. an' through the International ivry soul in the woi-.I,I-; an7 even in Britain nearly^ every religion has members staying with us; how will they do under Christian Socialism r Cud you set all the Christian sects, both Roman an ProtEstant. to fraternise under ?ne rehgio'u? au- Protestant, Let Socialism man age secular affairs alone, leaving religion to b? lnkcd after, every sect bv its votaries, and things wiH work more smooth 1 y."
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Gardening Notes.
Gardening Notes. If any wader who is in a difficulty with refer- ence to bia garden will write directly to the address given beneath, his questions will all 00 answered free of charge, in full detail, and A- return of post.—Editor. BASKET OF PLANTS. Charming floral effects can be secured by hanging baskets of well-grown and suitable plants, and this method of horticulture is one that appeals even to town-dwellers with limited gardens. Any good potting soil, as used by florists, can be employed for filling the wire baskets, which should first be lined with moss. An ideal soil should contain about 25 per cent. of humus, and sufficient sand to make it porous. Moss can be obtained from anv wood, or, fail- ing that, sphagnum moss can be used. When filling a basket with plants it is usual to place two or three erect-growing plants in the middle, and surround them with drooping subjects. If plants in advanced stages of growth be chosen, it is possible to get almost immediate effects from them Seeds can, of course, be sown di- rectly in the baskets, but the plan is a bad one, since there occurs such a long time before the basket makes a pretty show. The best plan is to transfer sturdy young plants from pots or pans to the baskets; and florists can usually sup- ply suitable plants very cheaply. Crowding the plants in baskets is a very com- 1- mon and serious mistake; and it is better to plant too thinly than too closely. Over-filled baskets soon lose their beauty and grace. Wa- tering needs to be carefully and systematically done. When the basket is well filled with roots, water, when necessary, by dipping the basket into a tub of water, and letting it remain there until it is thoroughly soaked through. Once a month, after watering in this way, the basket may be dipped into weak, liquid man- ure, as this course grea-tly increases the vig- our of the plants. Baskets of many forms are obtainable, but preference should generally be given to those with fiat bottoms. While wire is the material of which hanging baskets are gene- rally made, quite pretty rustic-work baskets can be made at home from rough-barked or knotted wood. The roots of laurels are particu- larly effectively used in this way. Amongst the best plants of drooping or vine- like nature are the ivy-leaved rteranium. saxi- fraga sarin euros a. Kenilworth ivy. trailing fus- chia, wandering Jew, and asparagus sprengeri. Of erect growing plants the following are excel- lent; -,I.obelia. sweet alyssum, petunias, oxalis, and geraniums. Of course, a great number of other species can also be used if desired. hardy Perennial Flowers. I There is yet time for planting hardy peren- nial flowo i-s that will come up year after year ir, increasing beauty and luxuriance. Many of these are of particularly easy cultivation, and thrive perfectly in well prepared, rich ground. The preparation of the ground for the reception of hardv perennials is of the first importance. It should be dug from 18in. to 2ft. deep, and drained if of such character that it holds stagnant water. A large and deeper feeding area for the roots is almost more important than manuring the land, and should take precedence if only one of the two operations can be effect- ed. Plants rooting deeply and vigorously are better able to withstand adverse conditions than are those that root equally vigorously near the surface. The sub-soil need not necessarily be made as rich as the surface soil, of course; but it must be thoroughly loosened to permit of roots penetrating it freely. The finer the soil- particles in the feeding ground of the plant, the better are the fine feeding roots enabled to utilise the plant-foods it contains. The de- sired fine, mechanical condition of soil is at- tained by turning it several times when it is dry enough to crumble. If moved when wet, clayed ground is liable to puddle, and so b e- come impervious to tiny feedinp-roots. Very few plants can grow in ground contain- ing stagnant water, so that recourse must be had to artificial drainage if the natural drain- age be insufficient. An immense number of plants are killed during the winter or rainy seasons by stagnant water standing round their roots. While richness of soil is desirable, an excess of nourishment tends to make plants unduly succulent and tender. If stable manure be used, it must be well mixed with the soil; and dressings of aa-tifcial manures containing both phosphoric acid and potash should be employed to supplement it. The maintenance of an open surface by hoe- in tends to prevent the ground baking after rain or watering, and also allows of the growth of fine-leaved creeping plants between the larger subjects. Clayey soils can be improved and fitted for perennial flowers by additions of farmyard and stable manures, lime, sand, saw- dust, and coal ashes. Staunted plants are not to be relied on to produce the best results, so that it is best to set only strong and vigorous specimens. It is believed that the symmetry of growth above ground depends in part on the symmetry of the root-growth below it, so that great care should be taken in planting out roots in their natural position so far as this be practicable. Coal Ashes. We are often asked if coal ashes posses any manorial value. They have, however, only a trace of soluble phosphates and phosphoric acid in the way of fertilising elements; but yet on certain soils may be productive of good re- sults The benefit from them is restricted en- tirely to heavy ground, and lies in the fact rhat they improve the physicaJ eharacter of the land making it more porous and better fitted for a home for roots. E. KEMP TOOGOOD, F.L.S., F.R.Met.S., pro Toogood and Sons, The King's Seedsmen, Southampton.
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'Phone 597. 'Phone 597. WILLIAM TRESEDER. Ltd. THE NURSERIES, CARDIFF. WREATHS, CROSSES, CUT FLOWERS, &c. BEDDING PLANTS. Asters, Stocks, Dahlias, Marguerites, Lobelia, j ,-xc. Tels "TRE2EDER, FLOKIST, CARDIFF. PRINTING SENT TO PRIVATE COMPANIES means Profit for Individual Owners. When WE do your work. the Profit comes in the PROPAGATION OF SOCIALISM AND TRADES UNIONISM. Over! Think It Over!
An Open Letter to Mr. Wm.…
An Open Letter to Mr. Wm. Brace, M.P. LLANTRISANT TRADES COUNCJL SECRE- TARY'S APPEAL. AGAINST TREATMENT BY TRIBUNAL. 55 Swan Street, Llantrisant, April 1, 1916. Mr. Wm. Brace, M.P., April 1, 1916. Home Office, London, S.W. Dear Sir,—As a Socialist, a Conscientious 00- jector to Military Service of any kind; as a worker in the local Labour movement; as a member of the South Wales Miners' Federation; and as the Secretary of the local Trades and Labour Council, I wish to place all the facts relevant to my case as a Conscientious Ob- jector before you. I sent in my application for Absolute Exemp- tion to the Local Tribunal on February 24, 1916. The statement of my opinions were as follows: The follow ing is a brief statement of the moral and other grounds upoa which I claim exemption. I shall try to deal more fully with them when I appear before the Tribunal: (1) That human life is sacred and that no man has the right to take it. That all war is wrong, and the only worthy work is that of or- ganising and uniting the peoples of Europe to prevent war: not to prosecute it. This has always been my creed as a Socialist, and I believe it to-day to he an infinitely nobler faith than the cteed which has involved us in the present war, *2) That we are not in the present war for reasons of self-defence, for the sake of Belgium, liberty, etc., but that we are involved through •Foreign Ministers secretly pursuing diplomatic policies to maintain a balance of power between the European Powers. Such policies are inspired by commercial and financial interests, the object being to obtain greater power and facilities for trading purposes and the investment of capital in foreign countries. All wars are due to foIl" amhititon and greed, and this war is not an exception. It is due to the economic rival- ry not of the peoples, but of the commercial and financial classes,of Europe. As such, I cannot take part in it. (3) That European problems cannot be settled br force, but only bv reason; and the sooner our Government determines to make an effort to settle the present war by negotiation rather than by force the better, not only for this country but for the whole world. For these reasons, I cannot consent to become part of the war machine." My statement continued — My application is for total exemption. It is impossible for me to understand a Conscientious Objector who could accept a certificate exempt- him from combatant duties provided he under- took non-combatant duties, or conditional upon his undertaking work of national importanoe- i.e.. munition or other work associated with the war. It would imply some measure of agree- ment that the war was just and necessary, to which I could not possiblv consent. and would be a serious violation of conscience, since it would, by releasing another man to do the more dangerous and repulsive work of killing his fellow-men. be compelling me to take part in- directly in the slaughter of human beings. I have not only a conscientious objection to kill- ing my fellow-creatures myself, but I have a conscientious objection to aiding or releasing others for the purpose. I was summoned to appear before the Local Tribunal on Mairch 17. 1916. There I addressed myself to proving the fact that I was a bona- fide conscientious objector and for this purpose, in addition o mv own statement. I called Mr. T. I. Mardy Jones, Organiser of the South Wales Miners' Federation, as a witness. Mr. Jones 'testimony was that he had known me for the past five years in private and in public life, and that I was honest and sincere; and in his opinion came within the Prime Min- ister? pledge that exemption would be given to conscientious objectors. ence, the C h airman of In addition to this evidence, the Chairman of the Local Tribunal admitted my honesty and sincerity, and it was not contested at all by the Military Representative or anyone else. The only question addressed to me was the irrelev- ant one "Have you a brother?" 1 I have lived in the district the whole of my life. and am perfectly well known by all. The decision of the Local Tribunal was to give me exemption from combatant service only. This I could not possibly except, so I appealed against the decision. The grounds of my appeal were: — (1) That the fact that I was a bona-fide con- scientious objector was established before the Local Tribunal, admitted by the Chairman of the Tribunal, and not contested by the Military lie present atfv e. (2) That the Local Tribunal was biassed, did not observe the regulations, and was not pro- properly constituted. J was summoned to appear before the Appeal Tribunal at or about 2 p.m. on March 30, at the County Hall. Cardiff. I atten ded a. c I attended a couple of hours before that time, and again secured the attendance of my witness (Mr. Mardy Jones). At 4 o'clock my case had not been taken, and Mr. Jones. who had an engagement in the Rhondda, was unable to re- main any longer. I was therefore handicapped in the presentation of my case through no fault of my own. q At 5.30 p.m. my case was- called. Before the Upper Tribunal proceeded to hear the appeal, I asked and obtained permission to submit a question as to the legality of the Appeal Tri- bunal proceeding with it. I then submitted that the Local Tribunal was illegally constituted, that the whole of the de- cisions to which they had already come were illegal decisions that in order to regularise the proceedings, a new Local Tribunal should be appointed in accordance with the Statutory Re- gulations, and that meanwhile everv applicant for exemption was legally entitled to regard his appication for exemption as not having been dealt with. I submitted that it was not in order for the Appeal Tribunal to take an appeal from an illegally constituted Local Tri- bunal. When I mentioned the fact that the Local Authority had entirely ignored See. 1 Clause 3 of the Statutorv Regulations by re- fusing to appoint any Labour Representative^ all. I was promptly told that the Appeal. Tri- bunal had nothing to do with the constitution of the Local Tribunal; and from there onwards the proceedings would disgrace an argument in a public-house. I was subjected to a conti- nual stream of interruptions b- the Chairman, and so far as the logical presentation of the facts of my case was concerned, it was,- under such circumstances, hopelessly impossible. No effort was made by the Appeal Tribunal to ascertain the facts of the case. I ivis h, person who held obnoxious opinions, and for daring to do so, I suppose I ought to be punished. The documents which should have been sent on to the Appeal Tribunal by the Local., Tribunal, and containing my own statement and the evid- ence of my witness, were not read before the Appeal Tribunal, and were consequently not taken into consideration. I have, of course, sent notice of appeal aganist! the decision of the Appeal Tribunal to allow only non-combatant service; but, judging by what is taking place in such cases, I have no expectation of being allowed to appeal. Not having had the opoprt unity. of present- ing my case to the Appeal Tribunal, I wish to lay all the facts before you. You will remember that on March 4, 1916. I sent you a. resolu- tion from the Trades and Labour Council call- ing your attention to the fact that in this, a working class district, not one Labour Repre- sentative had been appointed upon the Local Tribunal, and placing upon record our entire lack of confidence in a Tribunal so constitut- ed. This resolution was sent to the Labour Party, the Local Government Board, and the Local Authority responsible for appointing the Local Tribunal. I understood from your reply that the Local Government Board was commu- nicating with the Locail Authority upon the matter. As in this case, the Local Authority, in defi- ance of the Statutory Regulations, in defiance of the cireula,r of the Local Government Board, in defiance of the special communication from the Local Government Board and representa- tions made by the Trades and Labour Council, has not appointed a representative of Labour at all, it is quite clear that thte ignoring of the Statutory Regulations is deliberate and is not. done to secure an honest and impartial ad- ministration of the Act, but for ulterior motives. Among those ulterior purposes may be placed a desire to get obnoxious people, from their point of view, out of the district. Other ulteror purposes may be discovered by an im- partial enquiry into the circumstances of all the exemptions granted. In my own particular case, knowing, as I do, the local currents of feeling and thought, I have not the slightest doubt that I am regard- ed as an obnoxious person by the Local Tri- bunal, which, in this case, is identical with the Rural District Council, and there is every de- sire to get rid of me, no matter how, because I have been a strong advocate of Independent Labour Representation, and a very outspoken critic of the Rural District Council, upon Hous- ing, Town Planning, Public Health a,nd other matters. As an instance of the kind of work I have been doing, I may mention that about the time my application came before the Local Tribunal, the members of that body were m receipt of communications from the Local Gov- ernment Board concerning their action in the case of a number of houses unfit for human habitation. In some oases the houses were closed; in another case, where a member of the Council was interested in the houses, although the houses had been condemned as unfit for human habitation by the local inspector and the Medical Officer of Health for the County, the houses were not closed nor even repaired. In one of these latter houses, according to the re- port of the Sanitary Inspector the back wall had given way, and the ceiling and roof were supported on props. I exposed this in the local press. The Local Ratepayers' Association took the case up, and directed the attention of the Local Government Board to the matter. It is hardly natural to expect that I would receive impartial treatment from such a body. In fact, I look upon the exemption from combat- ant service, which these people supposed was tthe measure of my conscience, as the strongest possible testimony tb my honesty and sincerity. The next few weeks might find me in prison or perhaps handed over to the military autho- rities to be punished or persecuted, since I can- not possibly accept military service of any kind. My only offence will be that I have continued to remain true to the international principles for which, previous to the war. the Labour Party stood. As the Member for South Glamorgan, and as a member of the Government which is responsi- ble for the Military Service Act, and conse- quently for its nial'-adininistration and the per- secution of people for opinion s sake, I claim the right to call your attention to the fact that, if I am persecuted for my opinions, that the persecution will not have the respedable ap- i pearanoe of legality. I have pressed this matter upon the Local Government Board since March 4. On March 28 I sent a letter calling the Local Government! Board's attention, to the following: (1) That the Local Tribunal was illegally! constituted. (2) That the whole of the decisions to which that illegal Tribunal had come were illegal decisions. (3) That to regularise the proceedings, » new Local Tribunal should be constituted in accordance with the Statutory -••Regulations,! and the whole of the regulations again con-, sidered by the new Tribunal. And, mean- while. an applicants for exemption should- regard then applications as not having been dealt with. All I claim is the right to appear before a* body of impartial and judicial persons oonstitut- ed in accordance with the regulations. My whole' life is a. testimony to the creed I have held., I court the fullest enquiry, ana mv only re- quest is that such a body should be ap- pointed in the Llantrisant and Llantwit Fardre Rural District. As the (xiiv defence people in my position have to-day is the fullest publicity I am send- ing this tetter to the Press. I am, Your.? sincerely, 1 IDWAl WILLIAMS.
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I The Palace. I
I The Palace. I This has been a red-letter week at this popu*- lar house, in that the management secured a, special attraction in Far from the Madding- Crowd," in which the world-renowned screen actress, Miss Florence Turner, appealed and by a happy coincidence it was appearing when Miss- Turner herself paid a flying visit, to the Palace on Monday night, when she received a great ovation from the tremendous crowds who thron- ged the place to get a glimpse of this popu- lar artiste. Miss Turner was accompanied by her producer (Mr. Larry Trimble) and Mr- Evans, of Cardiff, who was responsible for the Welsh tour arrangements. Miss Turner paid a great tribute to the people of WalNi, whorn, she said, she had been longing to meet person-- ally. After giving a short account of her work and travels, she gave a delightful impersona- tion of a little child singing her first song- which fairly brought the house down. Mr. Hall- Jones was delighted with the reception accorded to Miss Turner7 and desires it to be known that he hopes to have a return visit in thep near future, when those who failed to see and; hear her, may have an opportunity later on. Further attractions are being offered this week in the line drama "Cora," featuring MisS' Emily Stevens, one of the best emotional and dramattc M-tistes of the day. This is followed by the charming Miss Ruth Stonehouse in the delightful comedy, "Miss Feckles," whicb will prove a great mirth provoker. A number of other interesting items, includiag The Gar- zette and "Animal World (No. 5) provide a fine entertainment. On Monday next, the greatest attraction will be a picture featuring another world-renowned artiste. Gaby Desleys, in "Her Triumph." We need hardly remind patrons that Gaby Desleys is the great dancer who has appeared in Lon- don, and has scored a great triumph in that world's Metropolis. Here, then. is an opportun- ity- for Merthyr to see her in an exceptionally fine production. Following this is the "Broken Coin." Episode 12; and the 3rd of the "British Sports Seiries," supported b-v, a fine selection of comic and dramatic pictures, and further en- hanced by special and .appropriate music by the Palace Orchestra. The special picture fof next Thursday is afl Eastern drama of jealousy, passion and loile, as collossal, gorgeous, wonderful, full of excitement, and magnificently staged: ? picture to please all who see it. The remainder of the programme is made up of carefully leeted subjects of a humorous and interestin g character, and include The Gazette and" Ani- mal World (No. 6)." The children's entertain- ment is held on Saturday mornings at 10.15. Printed and Published by the Labour Pion<?e-f Press, Limited. Williams' Sauare, Glebelan^? Street, Merthyr Tydfil, April .I" 1916.