Papurau Newydd Cymru

Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru

Cuddio Rhestr Erthyglau

8 erthygl ar y dudalen hon

A ,LOOK ROUND.I

Newyddion
Dyfynnu
Rhannu

A LOOK ROUND. I The Last of an Empire. I BY "SENTINEL." I THE Hapsburg Monarchy, like i Charles II., has been "an unconscionable while dying but it is dead now and past all resurrection. Austria-Hungary has been blown to bits by the explosive forces within it, as well as hammered to pieces by the tine fighting of the Italian Army. One day it stoou-appareutly solid and nconqaered. The next, it had split into ome six separate States, and the Emperor was a monarch with a crown. but without a realm. Sudden as was the end, however, it had been preparing at least froni the time when Frederick the Great seized Silesia, and made it part of Prussia. Napoleon I., Napoleon 111., and Bismarck all struck blows at Austria which had the effect of driving the rule f the Hapsburgs further and further eastward and making their Empire lore and more a patchwork of different •ices without any cement of common peeeh or blood to pull it together. We have been in the habit of talking loosely of the Austrians" as if they were une of the nations of Europe as the French or Italians are a nation. They were never anything of the kind. The "Austrian people are Southern Ger- mans. of the smite race and religion a., the. Bavarians and Saxons. United with them, merely because the sam" monarch reigned over them, was Hungary, in which the chief race is the Magyars, a • Tartar people who claim to be descended fr In1 original Huns.and both A Lisi i-I.) ana Hungary had subjects of other ra-es whom the Germans and Magyars I • pressed. There are Serbs in Bosnia I jiul Herzegovina, and Croats Iwho are the part round Trieste. now tak en by the It a l ians. The people of Bo hemia are Czechs, another branch of the Siavs who were for centu- ries ati independent nation. Then there are Poles in Gaheia. inch was Austria's share of the wicked partition of Poland, and Roumanians, descendants of the ancient Romans, in Traiisvivania. That is a mere outline of the strange mixture of races over which the Emperor Karl ruled for such a short rime and so miserabl y. There were also the Italians, of whom I wrote last week. How on earth, it may be asked, did slieli a strange hotch-pot of peoples come to he united in one State—or even, as was truly the case, in two. for the Empire was the Dual Empire" of Austria an d Hungary. Simply because the Hapsburgs claimed to have inherited the Empire of conquering Home, Cp to the time of Napoleon 1., this realm was "the Holy HOIlwn Empire." and included as subordinate States almost li t he States of Germany and Northern Italy. Napoleon broke up the great sham which the historian, Gibbon, said was neither holv. nor Koman, nor an Empire," and. after his time. the ambi- tions of Austria turned Eastward, seeking to gather in the lands recovered for Christendom from the Turk. At last, in 1908, she annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina, and in 1914, backed by Germany, she tried to make Serbia a vassal State, and this brought about the war. Now the people of Bohemia have claimed to have their old independence restored; the Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Croats claim to join their brethren of Serbia the HUll- manians of Transylvania to be joined with the Roumanians of the Kingdom; the Poles of Galicia with restored Po- land. There are left only German Austria and Hungary, and they have separated into two States. The jus- tice of all these claims has been acknowledged by iis and our Allies, and the iuture peace of the world can only be founded on justice. 1 ho collapse of Austria-Hungary has made the wav easier than at one time seemed possible. The subject peoples have taken the matter in their own hands, and there is none to say them nay. But, although these questions may seem very far oif from us, we must take an interest in them if we want a real peace. The seeds of most recent wars have been sown in the East, and Europe will never have real tranquillity until these questions are settled in accordance with the wishes of the pennies concerned.

I BY THE WAY.

WESTERN ALLIED. .——————————————————————J

i—————————————————————————————————————————————————————_—__…

- ."."...:.,ON THE CAPTURED…

ONE WAY IN WHICH WE HAVE HELPED…

IWAR STORIES.

!FOODINFÅNCE.... IFOOD IN…