Abergavenny Chronicle

I AN ARTIFICIAL FLOWER BAROMETER. To make paper flowers tell if it is going to rain or not is easily done. The petal- f-hould be painted with a solution of cobali chloride, a chemical which turns blue when tiie air is very dry, and ig pink in dami] air. By using different-coloured papers, ens can make a curious bouquet of flowers and leaves that will be the proper colour only when fine weather is coming. White, pink, and yellow sheets are needed. Use the white and the pink sheets foi making up any kind of flowers desired These can be mounted on wire or wooden stems. Then, out of the yellow paper, cul tlie leaves. Finally the flowers and the leaves are all painted or dipped in the cobalt solution, which can be made up as foliow.s by any chemist: Cobalt chloride, 1 part; gelatin, 10 parts; water, 100 parts. When rain is coming, and the air is damp, the flowers made of the white paper arc pink; those made of the pink paper are also pink, while the leaves which were made of yellow paper are an odd shade of orange. This lookc, of course, altogether "Wrong." I But when the air become drier-a sure siD of Hue weather—the flowers made of white j p'?pcr bceome bright blue; those made of In ink paper are a fine violet shade; while { the leaveR are bright green. ) ?-————————————.?--

I "MY MOTHER WAS A GOOD I MOTHER." A sad story was told by the thirteen- year-old son at the inquest at Bethnal Green held on Minnie Foster, aged 34 (the boy's mother), in connection with whose death her husband, Thomas Foster, a master chairmaker, is in custody. My father and mother did not live hap- pily," said the boy, "as my dadda. often knocked mother about. On the morning of the crime," he said, "I heard my dadda shout and use bad words. I got out of bed and was going downstairs when I heard my dadda say, You wicked woman! (The boy repeated some words he had heard his father use in alleging immora.lity against his wife.) I heard him touch my mother, and I ran back into my bedroom. I heard father say shortly afterwards, Now I lave killed you.' I ran downstairs to my mother's room, and saw her lyin- on the bed. My mother was a good mother to us all." The jury returned a verdict of "Wilful Murder against Foster.

I THIEVES RANSACK FLAT. Valued at some £ 3,000, and including six valuable nceklaces, thirteen rings, /our pairs of earrings, several pearls, lockets, etc., jewels have been stolen from a flat in Granville-place, W., occupied by Mrs. H. Turner. Mrs. Turner had been away for the Whit- lun holiday, and on her return to the flat, which she left securely locked up, dis- covered that the front and bedroom doors had been forced open and her jewel case ransacked. Investigations are being made I

Dundee Police, with one dissentient, de- cided to take no further part in the activi- ties; of the Police Union. The National Association of Head Teachers' Conference at Birmingham re- jected a resolution in favour of equal pay for men and women. General Pershing's secret battle map i* new in the American National Museum. Martial law is to be immediately with- drawn from Tipperary, states the Under- Secretary for Ireland.

OTHER MEN'S MiNDS. j The Church has not sufficient red blood in I her-evezi our speech has become arwvnic.- Rev. J. Walker (Primitive Mathodi^t Presi- I (knt). I THE PERIL OF IGNORANCE. I No people in ignorance of its neighbours I can have a sound foreign policy, and such a I people is likely to perish in the storms of I the coming century.—Mr. G. M. Trevelyan. I OUR BANK BALANCE. 1 The financial position of the country at I the present time is roughly the same as at the end of the ,War.-Sir C. Stewart. VALUE OF WORK. I Some people say success is all lnck. It is I nothing but hard work. People who do not I I work hard do not get on.—Dame Melba. | I TERRORS OF PEACE. I Some people are so peaceful that I would sooner live in a one-acre field with an angry so ') ,Icr live iii i ifeld with a. -?iigry I ll,,11 th,-n ivith flon. W. Zvi. I KEEP LEVEL. I "Don't admit failure," "Don't let success turn your head," "Kcep an even keel," and Sir H. Rawlinson. THEN AND NOW. I I At the pge of 6ixtecn I was earning 12s. to 15s. a week in the pit. Now a lad of the same age draws over t3 a week.—Mr. J. V.'aitc.u.  "W alton, M.P. POW, ER I I A policeman is paid a larger xrage for hitting an Irishman's head than a teacher is paid for cultivating his int-dicct-Mr. J. Devlin, M.P. THE STAGE OF CHAOS. I In the present chaos of prices and wag'?3 1' it is impossible to look far E-;eryI' cost of proAuctio? has increased, from labour to a bag of n:dIs.—Lcid Ernie. I A REAL PROBLEM. I The real problem which the statesmen of the world were now trying to solve was whether the peace terms which would ulti- mately be arrived at were not only just but wise.—Sir John Simon. I TROUBLES OF A CRICKETER. I The wicket-keeper's lot is net a happy one.-—J. B. Hobbs. THE SALVATION ARMY. I When first the Salvation Army began its great work of rescue, our officers and "lassies" had a very hard time of i t.— I Bramwell Booth. 1 I THE UNFORTUNATE MAJORITY. It is often complained, and justly, that the march of progress has not done very much for the majority.—Sir L. C. Money. I IMPERIAL PREFERENCE. The great objections which were always urged against Imperial Preference were based upon the taxation of food. Now that a tax upon focd was definitely ruled out, it seems to me that what was left—a rebate upon existing duties—is really net a matter about which Free Traders • f-hould make, trouble at the present time.—Mr. Churchill. A TIME FOR HOPE. I This is a time, above all, for hope and for resolution that the future shall be better than tile Cliiirchl:ll. 'WARE PAUPERISM. I We must see that pauperism is not asso- ciated with friendly society work.—Grand Master Hayes (M.U. Oddfeiiows). LIBERALJSM IN OPPOSITION. I It is a truism to say that nothing is so j necessary to the conduct of democratic government under Parliamentary conditions as a vigilant and powerful Opposition.—Mr. Asquith. A LEPROUS NATION. I The terms of peace are formidable and even terrible, but the Germans have proved themselves a leprous nation, and they are now without a navy and an army, because thev have attempted to destroy the moral law of the world.-Lord Birkenhead. EXPERIENTIA DOCET. I One cannot teach philosophy to a boy in I the street.—Lord Hdane. WHAT THE MINER LACKS. I The miners are an intelligeiit body of men, I but need better leaders.-I-ord Gainford. OPEN TO QUESTION. I Since the armistice the men have not played the game.—Mr. A. F. Pease (Coal Owner). POLITICIANS ALL. I The making of a newer and better world could not be done by Parliaments. It was a matter for all of them. Everybody ought to be a politician. It was the summit of selfish- ness, and the lowest and most degrading sense for any man or woman to take all the benefit which their fellow citizens could give them, and give nothing in return.—Sir Donald Maclean. LOVE AND HATE. I The trade union movement is not all love. I There is a go<$I deal of hate in it yet.—Mr. A. Taylor (Union of Corporation Workers). I I THE PARALYSING STATE. I If we all become State servants with a certain pay, we shall merely draw our pay and give our brains a rest_Mr". Robert McLaren, M.P. LIFE IN INDIA. I The average life in India is only 23.5 years, against 40 in England, because the population is not sufficiently well fed to re- sist disease.—Mrs. Besant. FREE LIBERALISM. I There was a tendency in Government circles to govern this country independent of Parliament. There was also a growing tendency to belittle Parliament, and that was the gravest peril into which democracy could slip, He would rather be out- side the House of Commons as a free Liberal than he would be inside the House of Com- mons with his wrists shackled and his tongue tied.—Mr. Runciman.

While being towed from Chatham tc I Swansea the German submarine U60 sud- denly vanished stern first. United States uses more opium than any other country. Over a million people cte addicted to the habit. Princess Helena Victoria has dceorated large numbers of nurses with the Y.M.C. A. Order of the Red Triangle. President Polhcare says he hopes to Glasgow early in October, to installed as Lord Rector of the University. In view of the mobilisation of ail wcr^rrg the Petrograd Soviet ordered women to police the city.

A MAGNETIC LIMPET. One cf the latest and most interesting attractions in the engineering world i- a sort of glorified limpet, which, when lowered by a crane On to a girder, or rail, ingot, plate, piece of armour, or a heap of pig-iron or *crap, immediately stick-, by magnetism and hoists the stuff ready for transportation to another place. The power is conveyed through a small cable, and the magnetic, attraction is sufficient, in the ease of large magnets—about oft. in diameter-- to pick up 40 tons. Needless to say, one of the curious sights is to see a wocden packing-case clinging on to a magnet, the secret being, of course, that the case contains nails or other iron or steel things. Another very important use ta which this appliance can be put is "the salving of under- water goods. The magnets can be lowered under the water and sunk until they attach- themselves to the iron or steel goods to be recovered. Another useful feature also is that the "limpet" may be used to handle h-ot pieces of steel, such as rails or ingots, v?hieh men cannot approach to put books 811.

BELFAST GIRLS DRUGGED. A strange drugging story conies from Bel- fast, where, it is reported, two girls, Annie Murray ;-0) and Florence Mackin (17), wcie found lying unconscious from tne effect cf drugs. As soon as they recovered they stated to the hospital authorities that whilst walk- ing into the city they met two male ac- quaintance's. Later they visited an ice- cream saloon, where they had seme ice- cre a m a r d lemonade. From this point they could remember nothing of their movements, ad were sur- prised ° to learn that they had been found lying unconscious on the pavement.

KINGSTON MUSIC-HALL FIRE. Damage estimated at between £3.nGO <1T.d. w.-Is caused by a serious file broke out at the Kingston Empire Mu.ic- hall. The building was practically burnt out. except for tne "t..>> which was .-aved bv the lowered safety curtain. A dog and some chickens belonging to a performer were in the building when the fire brcke out. but were rescued. The Kingston Empire has been unfortu- nate, as this is the second fire which lias oc- curred there, the stage having been de- stroyed in 1914.

Burniah Oil Company's^ profits for t? '1P'T-r.lI1 .f'J-} ._4' v?r tct?.lkd £ 2,305,078. Dividend &0 p?T cent. Ramsgate and T»roadstairs are petition- lTIg" for ear IT peace days. Years of gun concussion have endangered Lydd sea defences.

EXPLOSIVE AS FERTILISER. I It has long been known that the con- stituent parts of explosives are valuable a- fertilisers, and although ordinary foci powder will make most crops grow, one can't very well go ploughing dynamite into the ground. At the same time dynamite and aimilai explosives are going to be of the greatest possible value to the farmer, and especially to men who till stiff, rocky, or -unproductive groutifl. Take for example the land in and around the New Forest, which is underlaid by a thin layer of tough clay or rock which holds the rain and prevents it from draining away. Here is where dynamite comes in. You can either use a number of small charges and break up a large expanse, or— if you are planting trees—you can make each bole separately with explosive. Fruit trees, such as apple, pear, plum, r.nd cherry, that are planted with dynamite grow nearly twice as fast as trees planted with pick and shovel. The dynamite, ex- citing its force downwards, opens up deep fissures into which the roots can penetrate. As for ordinary crops, such as wheat, actual experiments show that ground broken up by dynamite will yield 50 per cent. larger crops than ground ploughed in the usual raanaer.

ARE WE DECADENT? I Jiucc-iding to Professor Charles Gray Shaw we did more before the war than we phal! do after it, and he challenges the idea that the war has brought any real or radi- cal changes. His pessimistic view is. that "War will so have exhausted man's powers of Action and thought that he will have littl, wit or will left for the promotion of anvthing over and above necessary repair.' In a paper prepared by him on the sub- ject he says that every reformer, every restless person, comes to the grindstones of the war god with a 4special axe to grind. Every idealist believes, although with appropriate timidity, that in the Bolshevist recoil his private whim will have a chance to air itself. Schools and pulpits, opera houses and temperance societies will look tc the war as their redeemer; changes are coming on the wings of the Tjeact, morning, and these changes will be felt most con- spicuously in our little corners. Thus reason the optimists of the new era. Summarising the question, Professor Shaw thinks that. those who prophesy the coming of a great change for the better, and who look for it in their neighbours' habits, views, and business methods, are reasoning in error.

Surplus Government property of the value of ^107,000,000 has so far been sold bv the Disposal Beard. Old St. Pancras Church (Fancras-road\ erected in 1350, and formerly on the left ballk of the Fleet, is to be restored at a cost of ii3j000.

 jf)! Helpful Hints for "Backyarders. By "COCKCROW." ){J! k I- t) Too much emphasia cannot be laid upon the necessity for strict attention to cleanli- ness and general arrangements at this time of the year. It is always to be remembered that dirty fowlhouses breed lice, impure water causes diarrhoea, overfeeding leads to apoplexy, whilst infertility and consump- tion are the natural outcome of inbreeding. As with the case of other animals, fowls need a lot of fresh air. Obviously fresh air keepri the houses dry, and thus is a sure preventative against roup and other kindred complaints. During the hot weather dirt will foster parasite far more quickly than is the case in cold weather, and equally so foul ground will have a far greater evil effect in summer than in winter. The greatest care should, therefore, be taken in all tfkt appertains to hygiene now that the beat JH summer is upon us. CLEANING OFT. K A A11 excellent opportunity is provided by the hot weather for cleaning out the houses and attending to the woodwork. Special attention should be paid to the nest boxes, for if litter is allowed to remain without attention it will be found to harbour a multitude of fleas. Nests should be thoroughly cleaned out and fresh litter put in, and scratching sheds should now be attended to in like manner. It will be found that when fowls are not exercising- IJY scratching for their food they will spend a large portion pf their time in the dust bath. Although use of the dust bath in- duces exercise, it will be found that the birds will not use it unless the air is warm, for apparently the birds object to open their feathers and expose their bodies if the atmosphere is at a low temperature. Should the dusting material become wet through a sudden shower of rain it should be imme- diately changed, as it is all important that dusting material should always be kept perfectly dry. Careful attention to these points will greatly assist the smooth run- ning of the poultry yard and be productive of better results for the breeder. Two APPOINTMENTS. I It ie announced that Mr. T. A. Francis, of the Scottish Board of Agriculture, is joining the English Board ac? head of a new I II depRrtmt'nt which will deal with poultry Hnd other MnaH live .?lock. If this should prove to be the case it is said that the choice is a very happy one, aa Mr. Francis has done much useful work in Scotland, and should be able to avoid th o, pitfalls which have befallen many who have allowed themselves to be hampered by officials not possessing those qualifications with which Mr. Francis is endowed. Mr. E. J. Bacon, Df the Arte Poultry Farm, Cheltenham, has succeeded Mr. J. Cooper as hon. secretary of the Gloucestershire County Fanciers' Society. CHOICE OF BREED. 1M ueh difficulty is frequently experienced by amateurs in deciding which breed they should start with, and a word or two on this subject may be of use to those in doubt. The point of great importance to be con- sidered is the size of the birds. In this con- nection Leghorns may at once be awarded the pahn on the score cf egg production, but at the same time it ie not to be for- gotten that Light Sussex and Rhode Island Reds are great favourites. These latter breeds are excellent layers and fine table birds, and when offered at markets fetch from F.. to lis. each; whilst light breeds^ abtain Another breed of note, which are good layers and -table birds, ia the Wyandotte?, but generally theireggs are on the small side. In any case it is well to remember that, gene-rally speaking, nP. round birds pay best. I CARKBR FOE YI OMI:?. t: CAR:r:ER FOR O:'l1:X. The war has peen responsible for maay things, not the lcaA being the much greatcr interest women are taking in all outdoor pursuits. With the knowledge gained by members of the fair sex during the past five years (or roughly so), it is not sur- prising to find a great influx of womeu to the ranks of poultry farmers. The vork, too. is most suitable; firstly, it is interest- ing. secondly, it is just what, one wants if fres-h air is required, and thirdly, if pro- perly conducted, it is profitable. A good plan before taking up the pursuit on one's own account is to gain a good general experience, and then, having decided which branch of -the industry citits one's particular taste, to follow that bent right through. The wisdom of not dashing into the intrica- cies of poultry farming without gaining some little experience first will be apparent —'tis only fools that rush iu where angels fear to tread. But having gained some useful knowledge, then decide to -,en) bark, and may good luck attend you! I Ax ANTIPODEAN RECl'&. Reports to hand state that the first authentic record in Australia of a beu lay- ing 500 eggs stands to the credit of one of Mr. C. Judson's black Orpington hens in the second-year section of the laying coin- petition in Hawksbury Agricultural College. In the year 1917-18 test this hen, it is said, laid 312* eggs, and added the extra 1S¡;I eggs in eight months and four days. A,"oc,-etbor she has laid 500 egg." in 20 months, or at an average rate of 25 per month. Th? hen, which is of a very fair type, weighed CJb. at the commencement of the competition. At the close of twelve months' laying Ehe had increased to 71b. 2oz., and she now weighs 51b. 7oz. Her eggs average rdightly over 25-ez. a dozen. Some hen! <:> [ THE SHOWS. After a period of enforced inactivity thrust upon fanciers through the great, European struggle, it is pleasing to record that May shows were not so far short of former standards, and that the greatest in- terest is being evinced on all hands. The promoters of the shows for this month and succeeding months are to be congratulated upon their enterprise, which is providing Natu- a stimulus throughout the country. Natur- ally. tile difficulties of railway facilities and feeding (in the past) have influenced the number of entries, hut it ie safe to say that both exhibitors and public are anxious and willing to give their support to thic form of healthy competition. I EGG-LAYING TEST. The National Utility Poultry Society officiallv announce that a twelve months' egg-laving test will be held during 1930-20, I I at Llcdii ash commencing iu Uctouer next, at Dodnash Priory, Bentlcy, near Ipswich. The test j will consist of six separate breed sections, for each of which awards are offered. The test will be international, and open to all poultry breeders, entry not beinj 1.inrAed to members of the National Society. The breed sections will be similar to those of the 1918-19 test now oeing held, in addition to which a large flock section will be provided for te?tiE? the rp?th-c economy of the wet and dry mash ii-,?t -of fcpding. Farther particulars can bo obta?pd from Mr. 3. E. can l?-, fro,.nMr. Ls??g. Test, 78. Clare^-don-Trt-'d. Putney, S.W.15: 78. Clarer-,?, Y- v 15: and the Secretary. Nati' rl Utility PccHry Societv. 0, ? :?;cr.?-? f i We.v i ?:?.-?cr. g.W.l

I Hull trawler men hi-,c, resumed woik pending negotiations their ici I extra engine-rocm hands.

I COUNCIL. SCHOOLBOYS' BRILLIANT SUCCESS. The Cambridge Mathematical Tripos reo sults give the names of ten Wranglers, in- cluding three women. They ire:- M. D. Bhansati (Bombay and Dulwich College and St. John's); T. Bradbury (Nc-rthwich Grammar School and Sidney); W. M. 11. Greaves (Codrington College, Barhndoca and St. John's); L. A. Pars (Latymor School, Hammersmith, and Je- ,us) S. G. Sengodaiyan (Presidency Col- lege, Madras, and Emmanuel); N. M. Shah (Ferguson College, Poona, and Trinity); B. M. Wilscn (King Edward's School, Bir- mingham, and Trinity); E. M. Edwards (Redlands High and Ncwnham); E. Harri- Bon (King Edward's and Girton); and M. Taylor (Sheffield High and Girton). B. M. Wilson, who resides at Birming- ham, is the son of a Unitarian oinister, and was born at St. John's Wood, London. He attended Eliot-street Council School, Birmingham, and proceeded with a scholar- ship to Aston Grammar School. He entered Trinity as an exhibitioner in 1915, and in the same year was awarded a Birmingham Major Scholarship.

I TREES 6,000 YEARS OLD. How old does a tree grow? Nobody really knows. The oldest trees known iu the United States are the marvellous Sequoias. These have been traced, with seeming accu- I 'd that racy, to be 6,000 years old. It is said that the life of a plant cell in a tree is practic- ally immortal. A tree dies only because of accident or because it acquires in the course of its growth a mass of tissues in which there is little or no life, and these tissues become the prey of parasites which kill the tree. But where a tree remains healthy there is no limit to its life. 'i

   WF'FK' tN THF f?ARr?F'N  1 THIS WEEK IN THE GARDEN. 1 W/ < "As is the gardener, so is the garden.Hebrew Proverb. vv Double Wallflowers.—lor the cool and ,old greenhouse, make a sowing of double i'aiiflower iceds 0:1 a border outside. When ootted up in the autumn, and wintered in a :I:d frame, the plants flower freely in early tPring. # # Dwarf Poly a nth a Roses,-Thcse are valu- able pot plants for the cool and c-oid green- house. In 5in. and 6in. wide pots? they are very gay. Readily propagated in a few e e k s' time from cuttings, the Baby Rambler roses are easy to eutivate. Good sorts are Babv Tausendschdn, Jessie, Katherine Zeimet, Airs. Cutbush, Orleans, and Baby Dorothy. Growing Fine Leel-,s a ii CellcTy.-IVhen 'celery or exhibition leeks aie planted in the ueuai deep trench, set up a drainpipe here and there in such a way that the bottom of the pipe is on a level with the top of the root system. A tall narrow flower pot, or even an inverted pint bottle minus the bottom serves equally well. As the plants are gradually earthed up these tiles are re- tained in position. Water ii d liquid er 1 fertiliser may then be poured into the tiles ? as require J: the liquid will plowly percolate into the soil exactly at the place WhHC it ? required. This avoids loss from the dis- colouring of the stems by the liquid fer- tiliser; the brown disfiguring marks one gets so often on these plants are due to a slight bruising at carthing-up followed by caustic fertilisers or even ordinary water, which is admitted at this wound. A tile every 2ft. to 3ft. is generally sufficient. Forced Bulbs.—Though not suitable to force again for several years yet, bilius of tulip and narcissus grown in pots, including daffodils, should be planted in the borders. They will then gradually increase in vigour. and provide useful lfowers to cut. Although the balls of soil arc better left unbroken, remove the crocks from the bottom and loosen out the lower roots a little. It is preferable to plant them in permanent posi- tions, but lifting and replanting again during August may be considered. # General c-t fuchsias on the stages, turning them round to keep shapely. A shoot here and there may re- quire the tip removed, and the forward plants should have liquid manure. The perpetual carnations are flowering freely. A top-dressing of rich soil will give new vigour to the older plants, while liquid manure is beneficial to all vigorous-growing carnations. In cutting the flowers, take off a considerable part cf the stem, as it ii desirable to encourage new growths low down. Pots of mignonette are always wel- come in the greenhouse. Place the plants in a light position to prevent weak growth, and if possible have the pots standing on an ash or damp bottom. Autumn Raspberries.—Unless these have liberal treatment they are liable to mnkt peer growth and to fnut uma-tisfactoril^. Where there are a great mimher of growth?, some c-f the weaker ones should be pulled out to make room for the stronger ones. Keep down weeds bv hoeing, and apply a mulching of rich manure. Applications of liquid manure are also of value when the berries arc swelling, but must not be cc-n- ?tmu? after the colour shows. tiiiii,?-i the co,c)-,ir shov,-s. Sowing Late Peas.—To obtain good re suits from late-sown peas, it is essential that the site upon which they are to be crown should be thoroughly prepared. Sow them in trenches, preparing these well in advance. Having marked these out 18m. wide, remove the top spit of soil and place it on cue side. Shovel out the loose soil and place it c the other side. Then with a spade or < k break up from the bottom another working in at leaet a tin. layer of manure. Tread firmly as soon as finished, then place the boil first removed on top so as to bring the surface to within about Sin. of the original level. The sow- ling mav take place from the end of June till the "middle of July. Avoid thick sowing. Although it takes more time, it is really best if the seeds are set 2in. distant from each other, in two lines Gin. apart. A little soot or lime worked into the ground at sowing time will be beneficial. If mice are troublesome, coat the peas with red lead before sowing. Fruit Trees.—There will be many trees carrying heavy loads of fruit this sea-son, and much can be done to help them by watering1 and applying liquid manure two or three times during the season. If the watering is followed" by a mulching of strawv litter, the watering-; and liquid manure will be of still greater benefit. Turni"ps.—Tlie tnrnip fly will now be busy, and if not checked will soon ruin even the most promising beds. Frequent dlitingo of Met will lessen the trouble, also the con- stant use of the hoe between the drills. Red Cabbage.—If this is to be a success, plentv of manure water niiist be given during the summer months. A peck of fowl manure immersed in about twenty gallons of water makes a capital stimulant, and may be given once a week until September. Dwarf Beans.—Sowings should now be made to supply pods in August. Make only a small sowing, allowing at least 1ft. be- tween the rows. If the soil is exceptionally light, shallow trenches should be used in preference to the usual plan of sowing on the level. The Asparagus Bed.—It is seldom realised that much damage may easily be done in cutting asparagus. The careless individual, bv clumsv use of the knife, often breaks off the 'top cf a young shoot pushing through the soil in clcse proximity to the one that is being cut. This mistake made often would entail serious loss. Keep the bed entirely free from weeds, and occasion- ally give a light dressing of agricultural salt. preferably after a shower. Seydy- planted beds must be frequently weeded, ),) e  e q u e t I v whilst the reader should not expect too much from beds made last year. If three- year-old crowns were planted, a few L-teins may be cut.

MONUMENT TO AN APPLE TREE. I A novel monmument has been erected by I the farmers of Dundas County, Ontario, in the form of a marble pillar to mark the site where grew a famous apple tree. A century ago a settler named Mcintosh, when clearing the land for his home, found a wild apple tree which bore superior fruit. He cultivated it and named it "McIntosh Red," and from it has spread the famous fruit of that name. Tie tree was damaged by fire in 18W3, but it tore fruit afterwards, dying at last at the end of a fruitful career I c: 115 years.

COAL FLOWS LIKE WATER. I In a great steel works at Pittsburgh powdered coal flows like water through 1,500ft. of 4in. pipe under a pressure of forty pounds to the square inch, and flows so rapidly that four tons have been put through a 500ft. line in five minutes.