The North Wales Chronicle and Advertiser for the Principality

— LLEYN RURAL DISTRICT 1 COUNCIL. BELATED FARM HOUSE REPAIRS. I (By Our Ou,pt Reporter.) I Wednesday, Mr J. Hughes Parry presiding, &frith Mr G Evans in (he vice-chair. There were 34 births and 14 deaths during the feonth. BRYNENGAN SCHOOL. I Further discussion to ok place on the question Ibf repairing Dryncngan School road. The Coun- cil had on a previous occasion refused to accept £ 5 from the Education Committee towards the ex- penditure, and asked for more. They now, how- agreed to accept the offer and to take the road over. VOTE OF CONDOLENCE I I I A vote of condolence with Mr ltcbert Jones, I Ty'rynu, Penrhos, on the death of his brother, I "as passed. FARM HOUSE REPAIRS. A farmer appeared ;n responsa to a notice to show cause why the house he lived in should not be closed under the Public Health Act. The premises had been condemned by the medical officer as unfit for human habitation. The farmer said that when he took over the tenancy 14 years ago the house was to be lepaired on condition that he carted the stones. He ac- cepted the conditions, but the house had not been repaired. He produced a letter written by previous agent of the estate containin g the con- ditions, and lie said that he had no objection to its contents being made public. A letter was read from the present estate agent informing the Council that the notice to close the premises was the that he had received, and asking for particulars of the repairs required. The tenant, replying to the Clerk, said the House was not fit for any human being to live in. The floor was of soil, the ceiling was giving Way, and there were no suitable partitions ho. tween the roomst- The rent was J672. Four of his family had died there. The Rev. T. E. Owen: It appears that there Are some people in the world who care more for animals than they do for human beings. The Clerk was requested to write to the agent that the house ought to have been repaired 14 years ago, and to supply iiim with the particu- lars of the repairs required to the premises. 'WOMEN TALK A GREAT DEAL." I A letter was read asking the Council if it was Strue that the women employed on the land would be asked to repair hedges and oper, ditchc-s. It was decided to reply that the work in ques- tion would be done by men over military age. One member remarket. that women talked a great deal when working (laughter). WORKMAN WHO ACTED UNDER A MIS- APPREHENSION. A workman was called before the Council to exphLn why he had loft his work without per- mission. The man -,aiti he understood ho could leave his work whenever he wanted to do something else. When lie finished his job he went to fish in the river, never imagining he was doing wrong. If he did wrong in leaving his work ho acted under a. miapprehen- sion. He pointed out that he had worked over- time on many occasions without receiving extra wacros. As he worked "on the job" he conten dec) he could leave when he liked provided he did what the Council required of him. When he worked by the day he never left to fish or to do anything else lie could get 7s a day on a farm, j but was paid only 3s 4d by the Council. Though he had been working on a farm, he would not do so again as the food, though better than what be got at home, caused him indigestion. Three Shillings ana fourpenco a day naturally would I n,)t bring him and his family enough food, and that was the reason why he went to fish. Other workmen also left their work. Mr R. Jones, Edeyrn, said they should not punish this man and allow others who offended in a similar way to escape. Mr John Pierce: If we do not take action we, as a Council, will become a laughing stock to the public. Mr Nanney Jones: Yes, and the workmen will become our masters. Mr Wm. Jones said that the man was a good worker, and he moved that his explanation be accepted. Mr Robert Griffith seconded and Mr D. Roberts supported. Mr J. Pierce proposed, and Mr John Owen seconded, that he bo dismissed. Twelve votes were given for the amendment and an equal number against. The Chairman gave nis casting vote in favour of retaiiiing the services of the man Mr D. Roberts, Chwilog, contended that the Council were not paying standard wages to their emltoyees, viz., 25s a week The Chairman Those wages are paid to farm servants and not to roadmen. Replying to Mr It. O. Roberts, Bronmiod, Mr J. T. Jones stated that the 25s included money and the value of vegetables, etc., given. 141 WORKMEN'S HOUSES WANTED. The Clerk said that from the returns sent in, 141 workmen's houses were required in the par- ishes who had sent the particulars. There were, however, ten parishes who had not forwarded the particulars. Mr Nanney Jones referred to the remarks made by ministers at the Sasiwn, criticising the state of working men's hOUBe in the country. These ministers ought to educate the public in the mat- ntin i stTe.hrs at o Council had been and were doing all they could to get better houses, and had en- countered very great difficulties.

FALL OF ROCK AT PENMAEN- BACH. MAIN ROAD BLOCKED. I About 50 tons of rock and shale fell on to the main Holyhead-to-London road at Penmaenbach, between Conway and Penmaenmawr, on Monday at noon blocking up the thoroughfare to such an extent that the trafHc had to be diverted through the Sychnant Pass. The Surveyor of the Pen- maenmawr Urban District Council (Mr R. John Ilnghes) was quickly on the spot with a staff of workmen who, assisted by a body of R.E.'s from the Conway Morfa, quickly set to work to clear away the debris. The occurrence took place at the spot now known locally as Charlesworth Cliff, the point where was found the car owned by the notorious Miss Charlesworth some years ago. The 'fall is attributed to the effect of the recent heavy rains. It will be recollected that another fall took place in the railway tunnel, a few score yards away, about twelve months ago, when a bad tra.in smash was averted by the prompt action of some railwaymen.

N.S.P.C.C cc- CHILD-NEGLECT. The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children investigated 3610 complaints of neglect and cruelty in England, Wales, and Ireland during the month of July. Of the 3549 complet.ed cases, 3428 were found true, affecting the welfare of 10,104 children and involving 42Cto offenders. Warnings were issued in 3091 cases, 129 were prosecuted (resulting in 127 convictions), and 208 were dealt with by transfer or in other ways From its foundation in J83 the Socioby has dealt N ith 962,184 complaints involving I 2,705,227 children. In the Carnarvonshire and Anglesey bran h during the same month 11 cases were dealt with, j affecting 25 children.

THE ORGAN OF MIND. I (SECOXD ARTICLE.) I BY MAJOR fUR ROBERT ARMSTRONG- I JONES. M.D.. R.A.M.C. (Consulting Physician in Mental Diseases to the London Military Command, and Lecturer on Psychological Mcdioino to St. Bartholomew's Hospital). H. I It is found, as animals rise in the zoological soale, that the structure of the brain becomes more complex until in man it reaches the highest degree of complexity and yet they are all built upon the sinio plat), and at one time in its de- velopment the hurna,n brain was as simplo in structure as that of a bird or a fiih. Tiie cells already referred to are also constructed on the same general plan, only that in man they are re- latively more numerous, more varied, and tcnw what more complex. If a section is made through the human" grey" matter, it is shown to be made of millions of cells with thoir prc-oceses. These little pyramids of protoplasm have oa-ch a nucleus and a nucleolus in he' middle, and branches go out in all directions, forming by their connections a delicate network. Streaming in among tl,,e,!e cells may be see-n innumerable fibres, which, in the deeper white matter are in still larger num- bers. It is demonstrated by means of the micro- scope that each one of these brain cells has a number of processes Hke the brandhea of a tree, and it is the function of thoe fine fibres to col- lect the nervous impulses and to transmit them to the cell, and thence outwards by the process which rases from the middle of the base of the cell, and called a "neur-axcn." this eventually passing into a nerve for the outward transmission of nervous currents. The-little fibre, coon after leaving the oeH, becomes insulated i>y a sheath of fatty substance, called "myelin," and some have, assumed that the condition described as neurasthenia" is due to an insufficiency of this insula.ting material. We finci t-liat the course of molecular vibiation in the cell is always in the same direction. Some nerve currents run in- wards to the brain and the others outwards to- warda the surface of the body, but in the same sell it is always in the eame way. Each of the little nerve cells in the "grey" matter of the bmtin. and with its processes, is called a "neu- rone." It is independent of all the other neu- rones, and It has a life and activ.ity of its own. Although there are innumerable numbers of theje neurones in the brain rind or "mantle," the fine processes of the ndurones are never continuous with those of another neurone, and like the trees of a forest, there is contiguity, but not continu- ity. The neurones referred to are arranged in clusters, groups, or communities; each separate system being probably associated with some de- I finite function, such as sight, smell, sound, taste, touch, or movement. -The whole of the central part of the surface oi the brain has been found by electrical stimula- tion to be "tactile-motor," or "ijensori-motor in function. It i,s the part of the bra,in into which all sensations from the surface of the body are received, from which they rise into .conscious- ness, and from which voluntary movements ere directed a.nd controlled. Other areas have been similarly investigated by a study of the brains of the lower animals, It is now definitely ascer- tained that sight in man i. almost entirely located on the inner or the medium surface of the brain, at the back of each hemisphere, a, situation de- scribed technically as the calca.rinc" fissure. Hearing is at the transverse gyri of Hesehl, in the upper .part of what is described as the temporal lobe of" the brain. Smell is in the hippo campal convolution on the medium surface of the train, and also in the anterior portion of what is known as the gyrus formicatus. Touch is probably on the medium aspect of the hemisphere, and taste also has a definite location. We see, therefore, that in all vertebrates there are receiving stations in the brains for the vari- ous senses, and that the stimulating waves for these centres are collected outwardly from without the body by means of ap- propriate sense organs, as they are called, viz., the eye, the car, nose, tongue, and fkin. In the lower animals the sense of smell appears to be the firct to develope, and even in fishes it reaches a high state of perfection and cultivation. Ita central organ is an extensive representation in the brain, occupying, in fishes, almost the whole of the brain, and to which the name of rhinenoeph- alon is applied. In the rays, such as the skate, the smell area, or the olfactory bulb, as it is called, is relatively gigantic, and the shark has a fecial orga-n of complex anatomy representing is sense in the brain. The part of the brain covering this arrival platform, if we may so de- nominate the area of the, sense of smell, or een- sory impressions of smell, is called the jyohi- pallium. It is the cloak or mantle coverin g the earliest formed sensory are), of the brain. What the actual analogue to the sense of smell may be in fishes, is uncertain, and little is practically known of this sense by anglers and fishermen, though some have ie.arnt the attractive powers of bait scented by essential oils, such as aniseed and rhodium. Isaac Walton used to give hi. friends specially scented baits. Probably, for fishes, the odoriferous particles are in solution in the water, as for man an non-aquatic animal3 they are d.s- 6olvoo or diffused in the air; &!so, in fis t as In man, the receiving mucous surface lining the nostrils is rtioist, for we cannot smell with a dry membrane—as when suffering from a cold. In some reptiles the -ongp of ymell is also well developed. In birds it is much smaller, and probably even such can-ion birds such as vul tures do not smell their prey at ail, but obtajn food through the sense of sight only. In some mammals the sense of smell is most keenly and strongly developed. In the dog it is possibly- the chief source of information. The dpg relies upon smell more than upon sight or even hear- ing The dog can trace its master's footsteps out of a thousand, or follow them even when its master, to hide his tsaii, puts oil of ber- gamot in his boots. In some of the unguiuta, the stag for example, the sense of smell is (x- ceedingly keen. and although rhis class of mam- mal has very acute vision, it depends chietiv upon smell for its personal security. You tan stalk a deer leeward to within twenty yards, and when the animal sees you, it will stand and stare; then, walking or running to right or left until the scent reaches him. he wili rapidly and eagerly bolt light away when the sense of smell has confirmed his worst suspicions. In those mammals that have taken to an aquatic life—the porpoise and the dolphins for instance —the senB8 uf smell is absent, and the organ representing it in the brain atrophied or alto- gether absent. Tho sense cf vision is very highly developed in man, buf the area for vision in the brain i? relatively smaller in man than in the lower ani- mals, as if. many of these it occupies the greater part of the occipital lobe In birds, e. the vulture and the eagle, the sense of sight IS most fully developed for distance, and this compen- sates for their deficient smell. Man enjoys, as do the carnivora, what is called binocular stereo- scopic vision; that is, he has knowledge of thno dimensions. In deer, sheep, rabbits, and hares vision is monocular and therefore not stereoscopic, for one eye takes in one part, the other the rest, and between the two eyes theje animals 8eo on either side, before and behind; giving what is called a panoramic vision. It is an anatomical fact that the area of the brain relating to the sense appreciation" of sight-- which has been termed the visuo-psychic faculty —increases as animals rise in the scale of do velopment and perfection. With regard to the sense of hearing, tho human ear is as perfect a machine for the analysis of sound ag exists in the whole animal kingdom. The trained ear of a musician can detect a difference of one thirtieth of a semi- tone, whereas an untrained savage fails to -J6- tect a difference of less than a semitone. As an ,iialytic apparatus the car of man has almost unlimited capability of improving under train- ing, so that there may be a hope for improve- ment, hy application and patience, for the most dull and unmusical people! In the carnivora, of which the domestic cat is a type, the sense of hearing is very acute, and there is in addition an outside ear, like a trumpet, which informs the animal of the direc- tion of sound and its distance, possibly a condi- tion necessary for the survival of many carni- vora In the carnivora and in many of tho herbivora which either hunt at dusk or secure safety, there is a crystalloid substance, the tap- etum at the back of the eye, which enables it to see at dusk but it is the association of sight and hearing which in the main give the felin-3 section of tho carnivora the power to locate its prey, and it is this association combined with I the sense of touch and the power of springing and directing its paw that enables the lion and tiger to forage so successfully. In fishes there is no hearing as we know it, but fishes canfeel vibrat ion through the sensory nerves in the lateral sacs, and they have small bones or ossicles for this purpose in the so-called auditory appa- ratus. The organ of taste, placed at the entrance to the throat, discriminates as to what should pass into the body. Unlike the other special senses, it is unimportant as to exact information of the external world, as is exemplified by the rcadine-33 with which the ordinary boy or girl attacks highly coloured and injurious sweet- stuff. Tactilc sensation or the sense of touch 's exceedingly well-developed in some mammals; for iintance, in the snout of the pig, the hedge- hog, and the shrew-mouse, the smallest main mal; the nerves of common touch are of lai '^e- relat i ve siz3 and are ex-oedingly numerous about tho lips and nose. In the otter, which, v. ith its whiskers feels the trout it the -middy stream, and also in many of the carllivora of "hich th, domestic cat is a type, we know that sensory nerves go to the root-^heath of tho so-called whiskers. Possibly the sense uf touch, origin- ally acute in the lips and nose of man's ances- tors, has gone to his hands and fingers, and it is not improbable that his erect position dates from the time when this change took place, and that from this time he began to use his hands for purposes other than progression. What do we Icarii "'i(-zn these facts? It is that a knowledge of ,-lie external world through the sense organs gives the animal the kind of "mind" it has. It also shows that a constant change is occurring in Nature, that varieties are (-fleeted in animals through changes in their conditions of life as regards climate, food, an 1 surround ings-, and that m consequence modifica- tions in their form, size, and habits occur—for som., animals of tho same group and kind are J swifter, some haidier in constitution, some more cunning and some again are stronger than others, and bv ratural selection among them the fittest and best survive. A gradual development ami progressive impiovementi has ta.ken place in animals righ; up to man; but as we are only concerned lure with the "organ of mind," viz., that part of the brain described as the "cerebral cortex," we find as animals grow in complexity that this cortex or neo pallium, as it is called, also develops and adtpts itself to their increased needs; an association of the various sensory im- pressions takes place, the dawn of which is even abscnt III the invertebrata, the cortex in tlKU only appearing as simple cells, or an epithelium in the fishes, and progressing to "nerve cells" (but without the nerve fibres) in the reptilia in whi?h they .lirsf appear. It is much later in development and growth that the part corre- sponding to the human cortex begins to appear and the appearance of this neo-pallium—wlrch is the anatomical basis for association and mem- ory. i.e., for the reception, storing and com- parison. of the different senses collected from the outside of the I)ody-is the first sign of the growth of that part of the brain which is especi- ally characteristic of the higher man. (To be continued.)

I BIRKENHEAD EISTEDDFOD. I MR LLOYD GEORGE TO SPEAK ON I THURSDAY. The Welsh National Eisteddfod, which is to be held in Birkenhead next week, promises to achieve a splendid success; notwithstanding the many adverse conditions resulting from the war. The Gorsedd of the Bards will bo held as usual. On each of the two mornings of Wednesday and Thursday a procession of the bards will leave the Y.M.C.A. Ilall, Grange-road, at eight o'clock for Cannon Hill, Birkenhead Park, where the cus- tomary picturesque ceremonies will take place. The Eisteddfod proper will commence in the Pavilion, Park-road North, at 10.30 on Wednes- day forenoon. The principal attractions of the day will bo the crowning of the successful bard, the chief choral contest, and the competition be- tween the ladies' choirs. Two admirable presi- dents have been Secured in the persons of Lord Leverhulme and Sir Henry Jones, M.A., D.Litt. On Wednesday evening there will be a perform- ance of "Elijah," the Mayor of Birkenhead pre- siding. On Thursday Mr Lloyd George will make his first appearance on an Eisteddfod platform in his capacity as Prime Minister. He will succeed Lord Mostyn in the presidential chair and aj- dress the gathering, and will subsequently re- cei ve the honorary freedom of the borough. The Eisteddfod events will include the chairing cere- mony and the children's choirs' competitions. At the evening concert Welsh folk-songs will be a feature of a capital programme. On Friday another large audience is expected for the now famous war-time featuro, the National Psalmody Festival, at which massed choirs, under the conductorship of Mr T. Hopkin Evans, Mus.Bac. (Oxon).), will render a pro- gramme of Welsh religious music, including the favourite hymns of the Premier. The Right HOII. J. Herbert Lewis, M.P., and tho Rev. Dr. Ilartwell Jones will preside. Sectional gatherings, or "side shows," aro largely in abejance, but the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion will hold a meeting on Tues- day evening in the Y.M.C.A. Hall, under the chairman-' hip ot Lord Leverhulme, when Prin- cipal Griffiths, of Cardiff, will give an address on "Scientific Education and Welsh Industries." The joint annual meeting of the Gorsedd and Eisteddfod Association will take place in the Y.M.C.A. Hall, at 5 p.m.. on Wednesday. A deputation from Neath will attend in reference to the Eisteddfod of next year, and applieatio115 will be considered for the Eisteddfod of 1919.

I CHANCE FOR TOMMY 6- JACK. A scheme for the training of disabled soldiers and sailors as smallholders or skilled market gar- deners has been sanctioned by the Minister of Pensions at the Wrexham Garden Village. At least twelve months' training is provided for in market gardening on modern lines, and also in the cultivation of fruit and vegetables und.)r glass Discharged men in receipt of a pension who desire to avail themselves of this provision should apply to the Secretary, War Pensions Local Committee, 4, Overton Arcade, Wrexham. Full allowances will be I-aid during the period of training, plus a bonus of 5s for each completed week of training. Men who take up this course will be assisted to secure small holdings or per- manent employment.

The Prince of Wales has given CIOO towards I tho deobt on the Taunton and Somerset Hospi- tal.

i I

TREFRIW QUARRY OWNER'S 1 AFFAIRS. DEBTOR SHARPLY QUESTIONED ABOUT A MISSING LEDGER. THE EXAMINATION ADJOURNED. fFrom Our Own Reborter.) I On Thursday at the Blaenau Festiniog Bank- ruptcy Court, before Mr John Humphreys, the Registrar, the public examination, took place of It U. Roberts, Liys Llywelyn, Trefriw. Tho bankrupt was examined by Mr Tobias, Deputy -Official Receiver. Mr William George appeared for Pantycarw Stone Company, Trefriw. The Debtor said in his examination in chief that he lived at Llys Llywelyn, Trefriw. from 1915. Previous to that he lived at different plaees in Tre-friw. He started life as a dresser in the employ of Nie-F,rs Brozirc-.r, Mond, and Co., at. Trefriw. Then he became clerk, from 1891 to 1901, when he was appointed foreman in a local 6pe.it.t"r works, a position he occupied from 1901 to 1908. In 1908 he rented Pantycarw Stone Quarry, Trefriw, at a rental of 10; and 2d and 3d per ton royalty. In two years he ex- tended the quarry and sold shares to various Councils. He bought a crusher and engine for £ 200. To secure this amount he got a bank overdraft. In order to develop the quarry ho was granted a lease in 1912 by Lord Ancaster at a dead rent of 1;20 a year for 21 years, the royalty to be the same as before. He employed about twelve men, and for a time did well. The quarry was developed to meet the increased de- mand for stone. The bank overdraft then was ab()ut £500. The guarantors were G. Jones, carter and farmer, Llanrwst. In 1912 he bought a new traction engine and lurry for J3550, paid £ 150 down, and arranged to pay the balance by instalments of B50 each. The purchase was on the lure system. When the final payment was made a new arrangement was effected with the bank. The plant had to be extended by b'.iild- inpf a wooden shed for the crusher, providing new rollers, screens and elevators. The expenses were paid by an increased bank overdraft. Negotia- tions with Mr Bariow Sicfee weie carried on with the view of forming a company. Debtor paid JS70 towaids defraying the professional charges. He owed at the time B550 to the Metro- politan Bank, and £ 500 to the L.C. and M. Bank. Afterwards Messrs Chamberlain and Johnson arranged to find the money. Debtor disposed of his iniclest to a company called Paniy- c-arw Stone Co., and took D1000 in shares. He became managing director at a salary of £ 155 a year, and guaranteed live per cent. dividend. The directors were: Mr Morris Jones, Colwyn Bay, who subscribed £ 1000 for shares; ltev. Evan Hughes, Llandudno, £ 500; Rev. J. Titley Wil- liams, Llanrwst, £ 500; Mr D. Mills, Llanrwst, £ 1000; and there were other amounts totalling JE900, making an aggregate sub- I scription of £ 5000. The sum actually received was £ 4000. About J61700 went to pay one bank and £2500 to another bank. The rest went to pay bills and costs. CnfortanatRly the £ 550 due to the Metropolitan Bank and sums due to other creditors were omitted. No dividend was paid. V/hen he left he owed JS700 in arrears. Re-examined by Mr Tobias, he said that the unsecured debts amounted to £871. The total assets were put at £200. In that sum he in- cluded value of his furniture, book d?bts and pro- perty. But the amount depended on the rea]Üa- tion of the assets. His freehold properties were fully mortgaged. The chances that anything could be .got from t.he estat.e for the creditors were remote, except in regard to £41) and an- other small sum. He started in 1908 with a capital of and furniture. But it was" little to go upon. He had no debts. He had two workme-n at the start. In two years" the busi- ne-ss increafccd, and he bought more machinery. G Jones became a guarantor at the N.P. Bank for B150. The machinery had to be paid for there and then. The overdraft at t.he N.P. Bank was cleared. There were record s of the business kept in the books. He kept a ledger, day book and cash book. They were placed in the weighing machine office, but. he could not say where they were now. The books were in existence when about 15 men worked in the quarry. The overdraft at the Metropolitan Bank rose from £ 550 to £ 727. Another but a private loan waa effected. The first statement prepared by Mr Sicree showed a profit, but nothing came of the efforts to form a company. He had to pay £ 70 in professional charges. Mr Sicrce valued tho property at about £ 10.000. He COULD NOT SAY WHERE THE PAPERS I WERE. The capital in 1915 was to be £ 6000, and Messrs Chamberlain and Johnson floated the company. The statement issued by the solicitors showing the financial state of the property did not con- tain debit sums amounting to over JE800. He diid not supply the items to the firm. The £ 820 debts were not covered by the money reoeived by him. He was not aware at the time of tho principal debts at tho banks. Asked what books were given to J. H. Jones to prepare the first statement of the aooounts the debtor replied that they were the ledger, bank books and day book. That was before 1914. The ledger was an exact copy of the ledger produced by the Official Receiver. The office books were put in the weighing machine building. He had not destroyed them. He instructed J. H. Jones to prepare another statement. A different gen- • t.leman had prepared a statement before then. There were two valuations, but he could not say who made the second one. The statement showed how things stood. The payments were made by cheque, and-copies of the payments were supplied by the bank. The company gave him three months' notice. He did his best as manager. There were large ruiiis against him by the com- pany. A sum of about JS580 was received by him, and paid by him into his own account at the bank, and not to the company's account. But he had a contra account also. The company had only asked for £000. Mr J. Tobias: To pay the money to your own account is a serious thing, you know. Debtor: But I had a contra account. The lia bilities v,-cro made up to June. 1915, according to agreement. Some of the debts were old and for goods recei ved prior to the formation of the company. I wrote the secretary saying that I had money in hand, but did not inform him that I had paid debts. I omitted to state ihe amounts due to creditors from me before the company was formed. Part of the money went to buy some property. The company lost money on account of the war. I did not want to leave the company. My solicitors in forming the company carried out my instructions. Mrs Roberts and I have suffered from illness. I in- vested money in the property that was near the quarry. The farm cost JB170, and it is fully 1 mortgaged. It is now valued by me at £ 300. JJys Llywelyn and stock are mortgaged to G. Jones. I estimate the value of the property at £i200. When I bought the two acres of land and paid the deposit, r failed to complete, but succeeded in getting the property afterwards. A loss of about L5 was incurred, but the deposit was not forfeited. The banking account was fimall at tho beginning, and in 1909 I owed £ 14 £ Afterwardi it varied and went up to £1561, The Deputy Official Receiver referred to the fact that the debtor had speculated in property, and Roberts replied that he thought he was well off, and that the property might benefit the quarry Replying to further questions by Mr Tobias, the bankrupt said that he kept no cash book. He had only receipts and bank books to show the payments. He couid not show his financial position at any given time, but he was in debt continually and continuously. The man who offered to lend him money was a money lender The first offer was so plausible that he accepted the bait. He received J340 and signed for £60 Other sums were also received. There was a sum of C98 due to money lenders. Wm. Owen, the -clerk. COPIED THE LEDGER INTO ANOTHER I LEDGER in 1914. The financial btatement showed a profit of P.1626, but when the statement was prepared he did not notice the £ 1525 in it. There were payments made that had not been in eluded in the statement because they, were not down on the books. The engines had been paid for The accounts were misleading because sev- eral itemio were left out, including payments he had made. If the. omitted items had been in- eluded the alleged profit would have been wiped off. But the items were kept in other books, which, however, the solicitors did not receive He did not tell the solicitors- that sums amounting to over J6800 had not been disclosed. Ho promised to pay a sum of money to Morris Jones because of the loss he had sustained. Mr Tobias urged the debtor to make a clean breast of everything, as he knew all about it. Mr Wm. George also pressed him as to the whereabouts of the original account for 1913-15. The debtor said that there was another ledger, but it was a copy of the em produced. Vr GoffiM strongly pressed the debtor again to say where that other ledger was, and whether it was that account book or the ledger in trust that the solicitois received to enable them to prepare the statement referred to: The debtor replied that he could not say where the other ledger was, Lut he could say that it, was an exact copy of the ledger in the hands of the Official Receiver. He denied keeping two different account books. He gave instructions to Mr Barrow Siciee to prepare a statement cf affaiis, and paid him 210 for issuing a valuation amounting to had told him that all the account books had been placed in the machine house office. There were other ac- count books in the place that could be used. He did very little himself in keeping the ac- l l ig the ac- counts. The ledger produced was the one used by the clerk Mr Tobias at this juncture stopped the pro- ceedings, '?nd said the examination would be adjourned. I adj ourned.

Ezra Johnson & Sons, TAILORS AND HABIT MAKERS, 30, EASTGATE ROW, CHESTER. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. Telephone 259. Telegrams: Ezra Johasoas, Chester. TWEED, CHEVIOTS, HOMESPUNS, &c. WE hold a very large and exclusive stock of these Materials in Men's quality, which we are using for LADIES' COS- TUMES because the quality of materials now being made for ladies' wear is not equal to the pre-war standard, and we strongly I advise customers to ask for men's suiting materials. BLUE SERGES. "VY/E are still using our extra fine quality Blue Serges (Men's Suitings) for LADIES' COATS and SKIRTS, and these ¡ are thoroughly reliable. [ HARRIS TWEEDS- w E have always been very large buyers of these Homespuns, and have an exceptionally fine collection. These materials are becoming very scarce. RIDING HABITS. WE ke;p tiained workmen to make Riding Habits, placing orders for Habits now as Habit Cloths will shortly e unobtainable. I UNIFORMS for RED CROSS and V.A.D. I UNIFORMS for WOMEN'S ARMY SERVICE CORPS, REMOUNT, &c. frs 25 YEARS TO-DAY • US 1 ll t, 2S years! Why, I don't know which has 4 Oi f stood the test of time best—you or the JS Furniture we boughtat RAY & MILES, ¡. One thing I kftow is certtin-I mada i tyo good bargains 25 years ago, # ]'H:\T'S THE TEST FOR FUR- t NITURE-WILL IT LAST? :t ■ WILL IT MAINTAIN ITS ORIGINAL BEAUTY OF APPEARANCE AND WEAR WELL UNDER THE TEST OF TIME ? In J- Uur Furniture Is made from the Dest materials that can be obtained—by the must, skilled workmen in the :ountry-the finisb is perfect and tvery article » fully guaranteed (RAY SMILES London Road Liverpool

RHEUMATISM KIDNEY TROUBLE. Rheumatism is due to uric acid crystals in the joints and muscles, tho result of excessive urio acid which is also the cause of backache, lum- bago, sciatica, gout, urinary trouble, stone, gravel, and dropsy. Estora Tablets, a thoroughly harmless specific, based on modern medical science, are the successful treatment, and have cured numberless obstinate cases after the failure of all other tried remedies, which accounts for t.heir superseding out-of-date medicines sold at a price beyond all but the wealthy. Estora Tablets—an honest remedy at an honest price-Is 3d per box of 40 tablets, or eix boxea for 6e 9d. All chemists, or postage free from Estora Co., 132, Charing Crcsa-ro-id, London, W.C. Bangor agents: Hamilton and Jones, Chemiafca, Market-p laoe.

CARNARVONSHIRE FRIENDLYI SOCIETIES. At the annual moeting of these Societies held at Carnarvon on Saturday, the following word elected officials for th, year 1917-1918Chair- man, Mr Griffith Roberts, Bethesda; vice-chair- man, Mr H. G. Griffith, Bethef; committee, Messrs 0. J Roberts, Dinorwic; R. Roberts, Sam; Henry Jones, Llandudno; Owen Williams, Llanfairfechan; R. T. Williams. Waenfawr, and H. F. Price, Carnarvon The Secretary (Mr II. Roberts) mentioned that the Societies had a membership of 5000 insured person?. A ktter was read from Mr Wm. George, the president, offering congratulations on the satis- factory position of the Societies. A resolution was passed in favour of a separate Ministry of Health base i on National Insurance administration, being created.

LONDON TIME TABLE AND i RED RAIL GUIDE The current issu« of this popular publication is on sale at 8.\1 railway bookstalls and leading newsagents. The London Time-Table and Red- Rail Guide," of 3, Kingsway, London, extends to nearly (.00 pages, and deals with over 3000 railway stations, and as it is sold at Sixpence, the publishers may fairly claim that it is the best and cheapest Railway GuidL, ever published. It contains in addition to the Railway Time-Tables, a mass of information that is invrluabie, not only to Londoners, but to a.il v isitors to London; and altogether it id a surprising Six-pennyworth.

E59, for a special Church Army recreation h I to be erected in the East, pri feraoly in Palest nc, has k en sent to the Church Army by a i&dj donor in North Wales.