The Pembroke County Guardian and Cardigan Reporter

Y GOLOFN GYMRfclG f, Danfoner holl ohebiaethau Cymre;g i s'vyddja Solfach. Nid ydym yn gyfrifol am syniadan ein gohebivyr. Ysgrifeucr ag ingc, ac ar un tu o'r ddalen. Golygydd—Kilmorey, Solfach.

HEN HANES. THOMAS KVANir, PENYFEIDR, YN MHLWYF TREFGARN-FAWK, YN NGHYD A'I DEULU. [GAN H. EVANS, CAERFARCHELL.] PAKHAD 0 BASES JOHN PENNOD VII. Gan fod John Evans yn hoff iawn o adrodd rhyw hanesioii a dywediadau am yr hen bobl oedd yn adnabyddus iddo pan yn ieuanc, fe allai nad anfuddiol rhoddi ychydig o honynt, cyn dweud rhagor am nodweddion ei gymenad. UP tio, pan oedd ei dad, Thomas Evans, yo hebrwug y Parch Williams o Banty- celyn o Woodstock i ryw fan, yr oeddent yn pasio heibio palas boneddwr enw Withy Bush. Yr otsdd cvmhesil dJycb- rynllyd uewydd gyoeryd lie, ac yr oedd yr adeilad prydtbrth wedi ei ddryllio yn enbyd, y to wedi ei chwythu tIwrdd, a'r simneiau wedi cwympo, a iiawer o'r coed o'u gwraiJJ, safodd Mr Williams, a syllodd aruo, a dywedodd, Weli di beth a fedr ein Duw ni wneyd ? Fel hyn yr ydyui ni yn mynd trwy y wlad, ac yn pregethu ar hyd y ffyrdd a'r caeau, ac mew a tai anedd ac ysgubonau oud v maa Duw gyda ni, a'r Efangyl yn nerthal trwyddo 1 fwrw csstyil i'r llawr. Ond mi welaf amser ar Gymru pan y bydd wedi ei lUnw a ohapeii hardd a chostus, yn llawn addurniadau ac esm wythfeiuciau ond bydd Duw wedi ei gadael." Gobeitaio nad yw yr amsar hwnw i gymeryd lie. Dro andl, pan oedd ei dad yn nghym- deithas Mr Charles o'r Baja" gotynodd iddo, Beth yw >yr achos lod cymaint o wahaniaeth rnwng eich ysgrileniadau a'ch pregethau, tra mae eich ysgrileniadau yn ddwfn a dysgedig, y mae eich pregethau mor syml ac eglur 7" "0,"meddaiMr Charles, Pan in pregethu fy amcan bob amser yw peidio dweud yr un gair nas gall y llaiaf ei ddeall yn y CApel ei ddiruad. Oud byddaf yn jsgrifenu yn ol fy nealla'ui dysg. Od bydd rnyw frawddeg yn dywyll uiewn liyfr, gall dyn fyfyrio uwch ei phen, a gofyn help cyfaill oud brawddeg aneg- lur o'r pwlpud, cheir yr uu cyfle byth wed'yn i'w deall." Un tro yr oedd John Evans yn hebrwry yr hen Lewis Morris o Sir Feirionydd u Hhydygtle i Gaerfarchell. Uu Lewis Morris fyw yn hen iawn, Eu ar daith trwy Sir Benfro pan yn 85 nilwyddjoed. os lJa fa nnwaith ar ol y tro hwnw YJ oedd yn galla cotio yr hen euwogion oedd ar y maes er cychwyniid Methodistiaeth. Ac yn yr ymddyddan ar y ffordd, dywedodd Lewi* Morria, "Fod y gwaitfo yn yn.hwyiu* yn awr; ond nad oedd yr argyhoeddiadau yr un fath yn awr ag oeddent yn nyddian yr hen dadau, na chyniaint o bwys yn cael ei rhuddi ar argyhoeddiad, ond sefyll a wnai yn rahen aniser us na cheid ef. Y mae yn debyg i rod ddwfr yn iYru peiriant, wedi tafia y dwfr i ffwrdd aiff am dro hir yn ei phwysaa ei hnn cyn sefyll. Ac felly gyda chretydd. Os na cheir argyhoeddiad, sefyll a wna yn inhen aimer, oud droi am oes neu oesoedd cyn lhvyr sefyll." Dro aiail yr oedd yn hebrwng y Parch. J. Evans, New Inn, a'i gyiaill Hail i Solfacn. A phan ddaethant i olwg y mor, safodd Mr Evans, a gofynodd, "Awelwchchwihwn acw, dacw y mor mawr, llydan; yno y mae ymlasgiaid heb rifedi, bwystfilod bychain a mawrbn-lfwaith y Gwr y mae fy enaid yn ei garn." Crybwyllwvd o'r blaen am George Thomas, Triffleton, nea fel y gelwid ef yn gyffredin, "Siors, Woodstock." A mynych iawn you yn adrodd rhywbeth am yr "Hen Siors." Y mae yn ymddangos ei fod yn wr crefyddol iawn, er fod rhywbotjh yn ymddangos yn blentynairid ynddo. Aeth at grefydd tua yr un ani-er a'i dad, Thomas Evons, a buont yn gyfeillion mawr byth wed'yn. Ymdiiergys fod George Thomas yn wyIlt ac anystyriol iawn yn luoren ei oes, ond cafodd ci argyhoedcii wrLh weled ujn am uwio yn marw mewn rijch: j nfeydd ofnadwy. Vaeth cymaint o of 11 marw arric, in s y bn yn methn cysgu am dro, ofn iddo ddihuno jn nffeni. ^r oedd YIL methu bwyta digon o yiybortli KyQttl uaVur, ui'.s oecvl wedi myn'd brun yn riiy wan i gerdd^d. Fan yn y cyflwr hwn o ran ei feddwl, aeth i Woodstock i wraado rhyw hre- gethwr, na eilir dweyd yn bresenol pwy ydoedd. Yr oedd yn aros gerllaw y drws, pan giywodd y pregethvvr yn cyineryd ei destyn, Rhuf. v. 6. "LanysCristpau oeddem ni eto yn weiniaid, mewn pryd a fa farw dros yr annnwiol." Beth yw hyn ?" meddai. "Pan otddem ni yn wein- iaid, a Christ yn marw dros yr annawiol dyna beth i mi. Tywynodd y goiea mor nerthol i'w feddwl, nes y syrthiodd y baich oddiar ei y". gwydd. Ac nid amheaodd drvvy ethoit iyv\;(.. yr byn a basiodd rhyngddo a'r Anicidrol y hwnw. Ac yr oedd ei fyw\d yn ul llaw, .u.-i y goleuni, yr hwn a lewyicua fwy-fwy hyd haner dydd. (I'w barhan.) YK AFAL MELYN. < Mi welais afal melyn, Ar werth yeriiaw i'r drws Yr oedd ei bris YII achel Am lod ei bryd yn dlws 1 hw a'i Inn berffaitn, A 1 olwg oil yU jau Ac arogl ei felusder A roddai chwant ar dan. Y r ,atal Illelyn hrynais, uchel oedd ei bris A brysiais yn y fynyd I aori awch iy IlJly On" y siomedigaeth. Ddaeth gyda'r tamaid d Tnd- i r oedd yr afal melyn 'i'u mewn y„ i,wdr i gy,]. Mi^ welais htfyd fechgyn A meiched 1:avvn o j;au l*uii lath a r alal tuciyn Vn lluniaidd ac yn )a„ Ond er en holl brydferthwch Hbai di werth oeddync hwy Oblfgid led y galon A'r hywSd oil yn g!wy'. Ond gwclaiB fechpyn eraill A merched digon plaen, H to t: oaiiii I dyuu syiw, Nao arnynt fawr o ratn Er hyny didwyll oeddynt Mewn ^weithred ac mewn -air- Ac niati itaenctyd fellv, Yn Iwy ea gwerth iiac anr. K J. D. FFOKDD I WELLA FFKAE. >Ldy jdj°irj)la'eQ' wrfch chwaren'n llun 4gffra .Wg,rhwnK MftrJ John, A ffrap aeth rhwng dau ffrynd ■ Fe sythodd Mary ar y rlwt A beiyd sorodd Jack yn 0\\ t. Gandd'wey.l, i n,'i fyn'd." Ond gwaeddodd Mary ar pi 01 O John tv mrawd, paid mor ffol Mae pdh tel hyn yn n'wtiydd jn A phan oedd ei yn troi i bant, Sibrydai hi, Fe ddylai plant 0 hyd i garu en gllyctd." "Er mwyn yr Ie.n, anvvyl John, Rho im' dy Jaw," 'be r chwaer fach Ion A gwnawn 1 fyny'n fnan A gweJais y ddaa blentYII iMh, Dan 'nghyd wefusan bach, Yn selio 'r head a chasaa.

AGRICULTURE. FOLDING THE PASTURE. A great improvement may he made in the faee of a pasture by close folding, and par- ticularly in a wet time, when the turf is tender. On many of even the best lairs in a wet winter it is necessary to acinove sheep, both ewes and feeding sheep, for a few days from the turnip field on both pastures, and cart the roots to them. On such occa- sions the sheep should be penned, not only pastured on, the roughest grass, such as stock will not graze off. The sheep should be folded on long enough to thoroughly staple the land, troughs moved so that all the land, is trampled. On land required for barley sowing it is frequently the custom to draw off a certain quantity of swedes when th'ey are lasting too late in the season. These roots may be carted and placed two or three loads in a heap on the poores' uts of a grots field instead of, asusn is done, on to a fallow field, thus allowl; fmther folding being done. The hoggets also have mangels stacked and served in the same manner. Any extra expense and trouble incurred will be well repaid in the im- proved pastures. By these mentioned, and in many other ways, poor pastures may be very much improved both in appearance and quality. oil] THE SITTING HEN. Although artificial incubation is now ai- most universally adopted by all poultry farm- ers and fanciers, there are many who still trust to the" old nen." Success in natural incu- bation depends largely upon the nest. ]1 must be properly made, and placed in a suitable spot. Tliere need be no elaboration about the box. Size is the main thing, and it must be large enough to allow the hen to turn round comfortably. Jus: inside, at the front of the box, nail a strip 01 wood about three inches high, to prevent the nest iroin falling out or being drawn out of shape. Fill the box to a depth of about thiee inches with soil, and work it with the hand iuto a saucer-shaped hollow, pressing He earth well down. The hollow must not be too concave nor too riat. If the former, some of the outside eggs will roli down tne others, and will be eventually broken; if the latter, the eggs will spread out to such an extent that the hen cannot them pro- perly, says the "Agricultural Gazette." Hav- ing formed the nest with the soil, the next thing to do is to line it with soft hay. It is not necessary to damp the nest; in fact, the latter is far better left perfectly dry. [IE CAREFUL HANDLING. Alyays handle the broodies carefully. They are usaally extremely excitable, anu anyone who easily loses his temper would no well to entrust the management of this department to someone else. Place the hen for the first day or two on dummy eggs, and do not en- trust her with more valuable ones until she has settled down and become accustomed to the new nest. If she is very wild it may be necessary to hang a sack or shutter over the door 01 the nest box so as to exclude the light. The sitting liens should always be gi\en a room or building to themselves away from the other stock. Any kind of shed wMl do, so long as it is not too draughty, and is kept clean and free from vermin of ail kinds. A dust-bath, grit, and wateruiust be supplied. One meal a day is sufficient, for the sitters, and it may either consist of barley or cracked maize. Aiways feed at the same time each day and, if the hens will not leave the nests themselves, they must be gently lifted off. uun DURING INCUBATION. During the first week of incubation about ten minutes' cooling wili be long enough for the eggs, but after that the hens may be allowed off for fifteen to twenty minutes in genial weather. On the twentieth day hens' eggs should commence to hatch, and from that time until the whole of the live eggs are hatched, the hen may be left undis- turbed. It may sometimes be necessary, as in the case of a prolonged hatch, to place a little corn within her reach. Duck eggs may be treated in precisely the same manner as hens'. mo HORSES IN SOUTH AFRICA. ilr. C. S. Goldmann, in his work "With French in South Africa," observes that much of the difficulty with horses was due to un- suitable food. Horses on active service, he points out, require food which they cau easily I digest, and on which they are able to live, The system of giving horses a ration of whole oats is not economical. Apart from the tact that horses cannot live on oats alone, the half-starved animals frequently bolted the ration, and consequently derived little benefit from it. If any proof of this were required beyond the emaciated condition of the ani- mals, one had only to visit the sites of bivouacs some weeks after they had been vacated, when they were found covered with a luxuriant crop of oats, nm QUANTITY OF FOOD. The quantity of food required by horses in hard work is from 151b. to 201b. daily at least. Troop horses in England, standing in stables, ahd working on an average one hour a day, are allowed 221b. a day and if taken on manoeuvres, this ration is always consider- ably increased. On active service in a foreign country, i he same horses are expected to live on from 81b. to 101b. of food, and i frequently be under the saddle from forty- eight to sixty hours at a time. When Broad- wood's brigade came up to its wagons (relief of Kimberley), the horses, says Mr. Gold- mann, went nearly mad when they heard the corn being served out. and it was neces- sary to put the bit into their mouths to enable the men to hold them." t stir] MOLE HILLS SHOULD BE SPREAD. In crossing pastures one cannot fail to notice —says a writer in the "Live Stock Journal"— the number of these small mounds of earth thrown up by the moles. Whether moles do good or harm on pastuies, at rate it is absolutely necessary thar t li2 soil thrown up by them be levelled, otherwise as soon as sheep are fresh on the pastures they will in some cases lair on them, and generally trampjc them hat, so that through the summer there will be bare patches over the land. These lit Ie mounds should be levelled and spread o\er the grass, when they will constitute a top-dressing by which the face of the pasture a; least will be improved. If moles are caught before the breeding season commences, so that they do not get too numerous, by thus supplying a top-dressing for the grass, and at the same time in a wet season, such as the present, leaving their snbteirar.a: tracks for water to course through, the wiiier is under the impression they are not the worst enemies the farmer has to fear in the animal world. If the droppings of cattle have been collected and heaped with the scourings from ditches and the cleanings out of ponds, as it is well they should have been during the winter, a nice compost heap will have been formed. This should be carted and spread all the poorest parts of the pastures, furthest away from the place most favoured by the sheep for lairing. This fanc-y spot will be sure to be well manured. mil POISONING OF CATTLE. Attention is called in the: Joumai of Board of Agriculture to cases of poisoning of cattle in Scotland, England, and Holland by meal made from the beans of Phaseolus lunatus, commonly called 'Java" beans. Seve ral cases occurred in Scotland late in iast year, and one in England. It is found that these beans when grown in a wild state con- tain prussic acid. They are dark purple or buff with purple spots. When cultivated they sometimes lose their poisonous- qualify; but it is noi certain that they do so in all cases, and it is, therefore. ir.t safe to use them in mailing meal for cattle or human be- ings. Some people have been poisoned in Holland by eating such meal. The white forgot this bean is the only safe one. Large quantities nf both purple aud wlùte beans have been imported into this country, and some firms of importers have been warned as to the danger of selling them without having them analysed. Farmers are reioirunended to be careful in buying beau meal made from Java or Mauritius ;A.-> they • tell the source from which beans are derived. it is safe only to use meal made from white beans. rum UNDECORTICATElb COTTON CAKES. In an experiment in the feeding of "aUje .and sheep in two kinds of unde< ortieat.ed I cotton cake, carried out at Cockle Park for "the Durham College of Seieme in the ummer of 1902, the best result v «'-e obtained from Bombay cake, as compared with Egyptian, I although the former cost only £3 10; per ton at the nearest station, while the latter cost £5 Is. 3d. The two cakes are now more neatly the same price, and reader: are warned that lots of Bombay cake are of extremely low quality. At the best it is a leas palatable, and contains more woody fibre than the Egyp- tian. In the first month of feeding, when the cattle received 31b. to 51b. of cake each daily, grazing also on pasture, and the sheepl ;.lb. to Alb., the former made the greater in-1 crease of live weight 011 the Bombay cake,! and the latter ou the Egyptian; but in the second month when the cake was increased to 7ib., and the sheep still had gib., cattle, 2 wedders, lambs, and ewes alike made the greater gain from the clieaper-cake.

HAVERFORDWEST ENTIRt HORSE SHOW. (NOTES BY A BREEDER.) Tiie uaverfordwest Entire Horse Show at- tracted quite as many lovers of horses as any pre- vious exhibition. There was a slight falling off in the number of entries, but the standard of former years was well maintained, and farmers will have no difficulty in selecting the type of horse which will best suit their particular mares. Horses have sold so badiy in Pembrokeshire during the past two yeais that there will not be quite as many bred m the immediate future. In the class for thorough-breds tnere was only one entry, namely, Quebec. lie is a fine type of racer, and will no dgubt have a very marked influence on his progeny. In the class for aged cart stallions six en- tered the ring. Buceaneer ill. was placed at the top. Weight, of years have told no rale Oil this horse. lie came out as fresh as ever. A big horse, with good legs and feet, nice flowing feather, and possessing the masculine character, he would undoubtedly have won the championship of the day had there been such a .prize, as lie stood head and shoulders above anything on the field. Second came Toft Masterman, a classy ho; se of good character, with good joints and ieet. Shavingion Helmsman was placed third. He showed better form than last year, and is more popular than ever. Welston Starlight, a big, masculine-looking horse, was fourth. Er call Fame, fifth, carries his years well, and will be in great request, as his stock are very promising. The class for younger cart stallions brought ior:h ten entries. After a tough light, the judges eventually selected Extra Special III. as leader He is by that great sire Duns- more Jameson, but lacks his sire's masculine character. He moves well at the walk and trot, has nice feet and sloping pasterns, but is a trille weak under the knees and hocks. Lunesdale lviing was the runner-up. He came out in great form (rather overdone), has nice character, with plenty of width of bone, but is on the short side, and did not move quite so well as the winner. Third came the hitherto all-conquering grey, Scarborough t hiet. lie has more character than either of the preceding two, and piobably more width of bone, but is too much of the collier type. Tile fourth place was aiioftetl to Dunsmore Nairn, a big horse of good charac- ter, with nice, fiuity bone and silky feather. He did not take kindly too his surroundings, otherwise he would have easily gone up to third place. Hitcheu Beau Harold walked and trotted with great freedom, but was rather on the leg. Still he has character and should produce good geldings. Lydstep Pioneer a two-year-old, and Lydstep Adven- turer, are two full brothers. Both have taLl their gwwth rather ,well, and must have time to furuisli. The younger is the more correct of the two, with good knees and hocks. Both move well. Majestic, another two-year- old, is very promising, and his breeding is right. Lydstep Chancellor has plenty of bone, very good, sound feet, with the very best pasterns, great knees, and correct joints, moves well, and has true character. Agility was an easy winner in the hackney class, going with tremendous dash both fore and aft. He is a dual purpose hackney, with immense bone. Royal Delight went well, and has nice, graceful action, but he is of the saddle type. Newington Connaught is another two-purpose horse, moves very weli. and is a good getter. Activity again is of the saddle type only. Three only competed in the class for cobs. Solelands Swell was an easy winner, going well from the shoulder and snatching his hocks well under him. Silver King ma-de a very good show over the green sward, and Up- to-Date will develop into a very good horse with time. He is only three years old. but is very promising, and has all the good points of his great prize-winning dam. The show was an unqualified success, and it is to be hoped that the energetic commiitee will insist on the prize-winners fulfilling the con-in 1011s to the letter, instead of (as in former yearsl merely taking the lioiiouis and then carefully avoiding the travelling as speci- field. Perhaps a little new blood on the committee would be an advantage.

J MAIN iKOADS AND BRIDGES. A meeting of the Main Roads and Bridges Committee of the Pembroke County Council was held on the 10th at the Shire Hall, Haver- fordwest. Mr. X. A. Roch presided, and there were present: Dr. Giiffith, Messrs W. Howell Walters. W. T. Davies, J. Harries, T. Llewelliu, (Havthog), John Thomas, 1. Reynolds, J. M. Evans, B. Powell, E. Robinson and T. E. Thomas (Trehale). THE HAVERFORDWEST TIOAm. There was an application from the Haver- fordwest Town Council for £ 37o, the agitto sum for Haverfordwest main roads. The Chairman asked had the Surveyor re- ported upon the state of the roads? The Surveyor; I have not been directed 10 inspect them. I can only say they are not. to my satisfaction. Mr. Robinson sa". very soft material was used, and if a recommendal 1011 went from the Committee to use Porthgain stone as beinf; more suitable it would probably have a good effect. "ext time they inigh: then use Porth- gain one. Mr. W. T. Davies quite agreed with Mr. Robinson. Mr. Reynolds and himself had brought the matter up in the Corporation but had been defeated. They passed a resolution .to try Porthgain at a Committee mecinig. but it was rejected by the Town Council. j The Surveyor said lie saw the roads every day, and they were not very satisfactory. Mr. 1. Reynolds said the material was very poor andt not suitable for the traffic, but there was a feeling in the Council in favour of local stone. He thought they ought to impress upon the Council that proper sTones should be used to bring the roads into proper condition. He moved 1 hat the account of k375 be paid as soon as the Surveyor would give a certificate that the roads are in good condition. Mr. E. H. James said lie had been given to understand that rubbish was put on the roads instead of good metal, which would cost more monev. Mr. W. T. Davies seconded the motion winch was carried. KlLGERllAN STATION ROAl, A recommendation was hi ought up from the County Council that the Committee would con- sider an application to declare the road from Ki gerran Station to the borough of Cardigan a main road. Mr. Robinson said there was' a great deal of traffic over the road, and it ought to be de- clared a main road. They had not many roads in the North of the country, far less than they had in the South. He moved that this be declared a main road, subject to the Surveyor's certificate that the road was in good order. The Chairman raised the question of sub- sidies, and pointed out that the road ought to be in good order before it was taken over. He mentioned Sr. David's road which was put in order by the county. Mr. T. Llewelliu said the county did not pay one shilling towards it. The Rural Dis- trict Council paid every penny of it, and it was uow one of the best roads in the County. The Chairman repeated that the county put the St. David's road in order. Mr Llewellin was just as insistent that the District Council did the whole of the work. Dr. Griffith asked how did the Committee stand with >-egard to subsidies? The Clerk said the question was referred back to the Commiitee. The subsidies amoun- ted to J.; J." 5, The Chairman said L3,205 was granted to the Haverfordwest Rural District last year, and that was expended uf on main roads, ther;tc he was right in saying the county had done St. Da\id's road. Mr. Llewellin dissented strongly, and said in the Haverfordwest, district they paid a rate of 2s in the £ for their roads; and in other districts, where the rate was only Is, they got £ 'i00, £ 500 or £600. The discusion was continued in a very dis- cursive way ail was terminated by the adop- tion fit the resolution, moved by Mr. Howe:] Waliets, and seconded by Mr. Peynoldi that a report be received from the Surveyor as to the state of the Kilgerran road before taking any steps. THE SURVEYOR'S REPORT. The Surveyor reported that the total amount expended on the roads, deducting repayments, wa: £ S.!99 G" 3d this year. against zP6,255 9. Id last year. The average cost per mile was. 1.50 7" lOd thi. year, as against £55 Os 2d last, year. The average cost, per mile was high be- cause 35 mile; were new roads, requiring a heavy outlay to get them into order. The Chairman: That includes St. David'si (Laughter). 1 The Surveyor said St. David's was in very good repair. The cost of 1 lie Milford road was very heavy, owing to the heavy haulage from Johnston Brick Works.

KURAL LIFE. Bf A SON OF THE SOIL. A GOOD HARDY PERENNIAL. Mrs. H. (Wigan); asks me to make a choice of a really pood Doronicum, or Leopard's Bane, and although there is a liberal choice I cannot go beyond the variety Harpur Crewe, undoubt- edly very commonf for it can be obtained of all seedsmen, but a magnificent species. The flower is golden yellow ir, colour, and the plant is hardy and vigorous. A'genond note as regards the growth of hardy jp<>remiia.ls may now be of ser- vice. With the exception of some few sorts, which require a somewhat different treatment, the greater part of these are best raised in the months of May, June. and July. Sow thinly, and when the plants re large enough prick out on nursery beds to strengthen, and plant out early in autumn, or in favourable weather in Febru- arv Itnd March, where they arc intended to flower. Early sowing is decidedly the best, as it gives the plants a far bettor opportunity of lie- coming sufficiently strong to resist severe frost in winter, and to bloom freely and finely in the -in, snrincr and summer. This is especially DORONICUM. I the case in reference to double German Wall- flowers and Brompton .Stocks, which should not be sown later than the end of May. These being less hardv than most classed as such should aa/ve the benefit of a, more sheltered spot when final y planted out. which ought to be done if possible in July. Sweet Williams, unless sown early will not all* bloom the following year. VALUE OF FOWL MANURE. The value of fowl manure depends tll--atlv upon its purity or otherwise, admixture with sub- stances used on floors, and also on the keeping of the manure from wet and ferrnentacicn. Fresh fowl manure contains from 181b. to 2511.. of nitrogen. 121b. to 241b. of phosphates, and alb. to 121b. of potash per top. A ton of a-erage well- rotted or short stable or farmyard manure com tain., 101b. to 121b. of nitrogen, 4!j. to 6lb. o! ph'.wphates, and 101b to 12!b. of potash. As ni- tro"n is the most valuable substance, fowl manure is worth, in its fresh state, about twice as much as widl-^otted stable or farmyard manure, this bemrr 5s. to 7s. 6d. per ton. hence the fresh fowl manure is worth 10s. to 15s. per ton. When the fowl manure is collected fre- quently, spread thinly so as not to heat or tor- ment, and this allowed to dry in the air, itrf value is double that of the fresh droppings, and is worth four times as much as stable or farm- varcl manure or £ 1 to El 10s. per ton. Pigeon manure, often confounded in value with fowl manure, is a much more valuable article, the scrapings from pigeon loft, carefully saved and kept thin and dry so as not to forment con- taining about 721b. of nitrogen, 451b. of phos- phates, and 251b. of potash., therefore its manu- rial value is about double that of dry fowl manure, or eight times that of rotted stable or farmvard manure, and the money value J52 to jM per ton, the distance of conveyance making the difference in the price. ARTICHOTVKS. I am glad to hear that amateurs are growing artichokes more freely than has been the case; while it is an admitted fact that the sale of both the Globe and the Jerusalem variety is in- creasing every year. Neither will ever depose ARTICHOKES. the potato, but as a chance the artichoke is well worth the attention of all growers, especially now that there is so ready a sale. New planta- tions will have been made by now in most gar- dens, but if not it is not yet too late to take up some of the old roots and divide them into moderate-sized pieces. Then plant them in patches of three, set triangularly at nine inches from plant to plant, allowing 4ft. to 5ft. between the patches and rows. The artichoke requires to be well grown to attain perfection, therefore it should have a rich and rather a moist place. Tubers of the Jerusalem variety can also be planted now: they arc usually put in places where scarcely anything else will thrive. Plant them 18in. from each other, in rows 3ft. apart and about 3in. deep. MORE ABOTT THE HomxG PIGEON*. The correspondents who wrote to me about the homing pigeon are thanked for whal were good enough to say with reference to my little paragraph sese weeks ago. I have been interested in pic-ons all my life, and I will readily answer any Questions which are sent to me concerning tho very fascinating hohhv. The training should, be in at not later than' twelve weeks from th dete of their hatching out. al- though. of coviirse. r they will have horn afforded opportunities of, learning their bearings before then. The first"# should not be more than ti. mile, and it is just a.s well to release the young birds one at liriie. The owner should be at the loft with some tempting tit-bit to encburage the AN AMATEUR'S LOFT. novice, and also to teach the homers to fly stnyght home. The distance to be flown can then be increased from one to two miles, and then to five, until, when six months old, the birds are well able t'o do their 150 miles with safety. The loft of which I give an illustration is quite a model one in^its way. A NOTE FOP. TULIKKY REARERS. An important point, but one that is sometimes neglected, -s th,at turkeys should be killed on the place where have been fattened, and on no account way alive, as they will probably lose as much flesh on the journey as has been added during tiie week. They should be starveci for twenty-'our or thirty-six hours before killing, in order to empty the system of food. Killiny ma^ be done in two ways: Fasten the bird by t!.e legs to a beam, and with the left hand and arm he'} it secure1?, while with the right hand firmly erasp the head and give it a jerk downwards, lt requires a strong person to kill a large bird, but when successfully accom- plished death is instantaneous. The second method is by curt'ng the throat, or by piercing the brain through d'd row" of the mouth with the point of a sharp knife. Immediately the bird is dead it shouid bo plucked, as while the body is warm the feathers c«,.i bo more easily removed; the feathers on the back of the wing and the top of the rump arc usually left on. In France, and in a few districts in East Anglia, it is cus. tomary to tie the bird, as soon as pinching is finished, in a linen Ah soJi ;11 millt, which imparts a smooth surface w the skin. and greatly improves the appearance. Turkeys should on no account be pecked till stone cold, IUJ, if sent away before, thoy arrive at their do. stination in a. eomparatively poor condition, The greatest caro should be exercised in pack- ing: if the skin gets at all damaged it detracts very considerably from the appearance, with the result that several pence a pound may be sacrificed.. THE CARNATION CRAZE. Tho owner oT a small town garden, who is in quest of a special flower which will yield him the utmost satisfaction, cannot make a better decision than '<<' adorn his little pleasaunce with a c-ollec- t' of border carnations. Always providing that ms land is a fair loam, and not dry, hot, and sandy soil of gravelly nature. We owe to an 11 i eminent London banker, Mr. Martin P. Smith, of Warren House, Hayes, Kent, the production of a magnificent race of new Carnations, suffi- cient in themselves to furnish a garden of limited sizo with interest and beauty. These new seed- lings are vigorous in habit, They produce superb blooms of large siz • and refined type. There is no absolute necessity for wintering und-u- glass the majority of border Carnations. Tiiey are quite hardy enough to withstand outside weather in soil- congenial to their nature. The most suitable soil is loam, mixed with old mortar. The family to which Carnations belong are fond of limo as an element in their food. An admix- ture of gypsum in their rooting places will help their happy development, where old mortar ia not available. Carnations wintered in the open resist disease the best. For this reason, as well as for labour-saving considerations, it is well in rural districts to give them the open air life all the year round. In towns the evils of dusty, foegy, and smoke-laden air make mischief enough to induce many Carnation-lovers to adopt glass protection in winter. The custom of lifting Carnation layers and potting them in order to winter them in cold frames is increasing, even in the country, and this is probably due to anxiety in respect of the many choice varieties in the possession of garden owners. Plants which have been so wintered should now be planted out as soon as possible. Those which were planted early in the autumn will have formed abundance of roots in the warm soil before winter chilled the earth, and will now be making vigorous growth. For these the soil should be lightly pricked over with a fork. A dressing of compost enriched with sweet, open, well-seasoned manure will be acceptable to them. Owners of Carna- tions must not forget to guard their treasures against the attacks of ravenous sparrows and other birds, which are apt to strip the leaves and pick the plants to pieces. Lines of black thread stretched over the Carnations are the best pro- tection. The sparrow distrusts thread arrange- ments of the kind, and hesitates to go below the tines, even for food. All correspondence affecting this column should be addressed to "A Son of the Soil," care of the Editor of this iournal.

» ECZEMA AFTER SPRING ERUPTION. DANGER LURKS ISfOTSODFIMPlES.- ZAM-BUK PROTECTS. The porous svstem of the skin gets dis- organised in the Spring, an<V1""lsh or mniples are very prevalent. lo ncfeiec these orPto neglect the skin, even i« apparent y healthv, is to run the USK of suflt,ng lie e\7l or the Veiling or inflaming sores of some other distre sing skin disease. A Spring skin-cure that, is simpc, sate, and sure, is Zain- Buk. This pure balm both corrects and pro- tects the skin. A Bristol boy has just been finally cured by Zam-Buk of annual Spring eczema" remarkable conditions. Fredrick \villia l A ..[, Geoige Trott Hves at 1, L.ancastei-.stieei AVUU- dale Road, Redlield, St. George, and to a "Bristol Times and Mirror" reporter his said" Wil ie has suffered acutely from eczema in pimple rashes. He had it every Spring. It was much worse than tne ordinary Spring rashes which people talk about, and altnough it. would start first, on his face, it would quickly spread to his back, in a few hours lie would be simply covered wih pimples, which caused him great agony. He suffered so much with the intense irrita- tion that he could not lie on his back. The pimp.es used to discharge, and so caused others to come. J. took the boy to several chem:sts, and he got a littile better after a very long time, but although the rash passed off in the Winter, it came again in the follow- ing Spring. He was so ill that I had to keep him home from school. I tried several oint- ments, but all to no purpose. One day I got a box of Zam-Buk, and smeaied the baini over the bad places on the boy's back. He felt a little easier, so 1 went for a larger supply. At this time he was in such a very bad state that I had to keep flannels always next to his skin. I applied Zam- Buk three times a day, and first noticed tnat the balm was doing good because the pimples stopped spreading. Our supply was not tin.shed at the end of the first week, but the boy was completely cured." Zam-Buk expels disease, puts the tisues in- to a healthy condition, and wards off or ends spring skin-sickness. It is equally effective for old and young.

Motor-cars arc being used more and more 3very year, said th" Hon. Arthur Stanley, M.P., at the annual meeting of the Motor Union, and the longer legislation on them is delayed the better will be the Bill when passed by Parlia- ment. Though the West Ham Town Council have de- cided to raise the general district rate for the coming half-year from Is. JOel, in the pound to 2s., the borough rate will be lowered from 3s. 7d. to 3s. 5d., ,,nl consequently the total ffttes will remain the same. Five young women, of Muscatine, Iowa, arc. bringing suits for breach of promise of mar- riage against a local chemist. The suits have been consolidated. T Comptroller Metz, of New York, declares that in six years the city's annual expenses have in- creased about X5,200,000, while the population shows an increase of only 577.102. The Derby Board of Guardians has passed a resolution, hy 20 votes to 19, in favour of female relieving officers. One member said that there would soon be lady policemen and lady scavengers." Hoppe, the eighteen-year-old champion, de- feated the veteran George Slosson, ex-champion, at New York in 18in. baulk-line billiards, one I-shot in. The score was 500 to 391. I

/A You get Sit) the Blood Blood is the Life! It is the Strength. It is Everything. Everybody, yourself included, is liable to a long list of Diseases. WHY ? Because our impure air, impure water, impure food, impure surround- ngs generate impurities in the BLOOD. When the Blood is vitiated, BASH, PIMPLES SORES, BOILS, SCURVY, ECZEMA, IRRITATIONS, ITCHINGS BAD LEGS, CANCER, KING'S EVIL, RHEUMATISM, tNEURALGIA, SCIATICA, and a host of other mental and physical evils become possible. Most of the ailments we suffer from can be prevented by keeping the BLOOD PURU I The evidence of thousands is forthcoming to prove that HUGHES'S Blood PILLS Purify the Blood. and KEEP IT PURE you suffer from HEADACHE, INDIGESTION, BACKACHE, BILIOUSNESS, WIND, DESPONDENCY, CONSTIPATION. PILES, BAD LIVER, WEAK NERVES I STOMACH, KIDNEY, and NERVE TROUBLES, Remember that the ROOT of the mischief is in the Blood. You must get at the .!flood before you do real good. HUGHES'S BLOOD PILLS have an immo;o ate action upon the Blood and the whole system. TRY THEM. LOOK J/W NONE FOB THIS | VA, „ G ENUlKE TRADB MARK WITHOUT ON EACH IT. Box. They are sold by a Chemists and Stores at Is. ld., 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., or send value in stamp or P.O. to maker, JACOB HUGHES, M.P.S., L.D.S., Manufacturing Chemist, PENARTH, Cardiff. B I A ;.1 0 L IS THE YET DISCOVERED FOR Indigestion Heartburn Flatulence. Liver and Kidnej Disorders. -0- PREPARED ONLY BY H. A. WILLIAMS, CHEMIST, LEI T E-. R 51 0 N All Goods Advertised on this Page are Sold by the following T. LEWIS, A. DAVID, ST. DAVID'S. f, MEY LKJl, FISHGUARD D. L. LLEWELLIN, GOODWICK. T. M. PHILLIPS, H WEST p. D. MEYLER, MILFORD HA V EN G. II. APPLEBY, NEW M LKOK!H. A. WILLIAMS, LETTERSTON. II. I.LUYD, SOLVA. Veterinary Specific "pon HORSES, CATTLE, SHEEP, PIGS, &c -=- -1! The above liemedy is so effective in auch a number of diseases, that it may be considered A MEDICINE CHEST IN ITSELF. It IR (specially recommended to Farmers as a most valuable Remedy in <"101,10, SCOUR, &0. And unlike at. er remedies for Colic, it does not prove an irritant if Inflammation or Fever is present. ALBERT DAVID, Saint David's. -9 m—ir ii i—m—rt—ni mi i aim b_j—i— A SAFE AND PERMANENT REMEDY FOR ALL SKIN AND BLOOD DISEASES. IF YOU SUFFEB FROM ANY DISEASE due to an impure state of the t Blood, you should test the value of Clarke's Blood Mixture, the world-famed i. Blood Purifier and Restorer. It is warranted to cleanse the blood from all impurities, from whatever cause arising. For Eczema, Scrofula, Pctirvv. Bid Legs, Abscesses, Blood Poison, Glandular Swellings, Rheumatism. Gout, Blotches, Spots, Blackheads, Pimples, and Sores of all kinds it is a Safe and Permanent Remedy. The r.4 ftor of tho rAr-mi, v DOCTOR" silys I- y We have seen hosts of letters henrinar testimony to the truly wonderful ciima ■ effected by Clarke's Blood Mixture. It is the finest Blood Purifier thil, Science I and Medical Skill have brolIht to ii;lit, and we can with the utmost confidence | recommend it to our subscribers and the public generally." 9' T, !tR[ LTHE iJ'IOR!J.lJ-F ¡:: fLftfED lEiL OOD PU;lIFIER Can be obtained of ail Chemists and Stores, 2/9 per Bottic. t BEWARE OF WORTHLESS lrtilTATIONS. J :!C£':iU!n-If"I.3" 1 MW—J—«TIW IllSPWia i— -Pi' r~~— 4 I BABY'S Painless I 1 GUMS I Iterhtng | WITH "——— ^)>s°f> I It is very agreeable to the taste Prevents inflammation and Convulsions. No Narcotics Price is. lid. Made only by BARCLAY & SONS, Ltd., 95 Farringdon Street, London, And Sold by All Chemists. COUGHS AND COLDS Pulmonic Linctus cures coughs. Pulmonic Linctus warms the chest. Pulmonic Linctus stops the tickling. Pulmonic Linctus aids the breathing. Pulmonic Linctus cuts the phlegm. Pulmonic Linctus restores the voice. Pulmonic Linctus soothes the throat. Pulmonic Linctus relieves asthma. Pulmonic Linctus relieves bronchitis. Pulmonic Linctus relieves after one dose. Pulmonic Linctus cures when others fail. Pulmonic Linctus has cured others. Pulmonic Linctus will cure you. Pulmonic Linctus is obtainable only from— THOMAS MEYLER, Chemist, Fishguard. Sent anywhere post paid on receipt of stamps. One size and one price-One shilling. jJ6 :=. < i .11 d jour I'. *« ior ,r."i v.vu J jr.var. SMCCOSS an.l hi". VMU F_- ;• J.I |or morc than 'I'll IKT V Yi.\ .School Uoiidti, lia.st 3fui'K;min, N.WJI j iNIr. J. 1-1. liall, Ju!i., I!M)2. M -do("8 35 HAS I |i m qureo | 1 iSold everywhere, 9}d.t Is., 2s. 6d. I 0 |i m qureo | 1 iSold everywhere, 9}d.t Is., 2s. 6d. I 1 | COUGH Sl COLD, j 1 Mr. W. H. Shaw, Sept., 1902. 1 8 72, Ashbourne Road, Liverpool. I a We always have a bottle in the house, having t R proved its efficacy times without number. S M—I ■ ■

US.Vaat.iOKi.jfA,?, J H. -J,VWj Chapped Hands, ||L| Chilblains, rough OP chafcd skin, 1 k jj | can be easily remedied and the ji S | S irritation promptly relieved by H § § 8 aoplying at bed-time | i 1 9 .1. a CALVERT'S llll M\ Carbolic Ointment. II l a3?ists nature t0 effect a quick 1$1 CUPe> not on'y by its healing, but fl ji) jj jj also #its antiseptic value—keeping III t:ic broken skin in a healthy c tate. | | I f no111 cl3. pii'js fid most sV.i.i Ailments. H ji ll by F*■ C- CALVER!" & Co., Ivlnncii^afor. I i by F. C. CALVER* & '6IiIiIE" HAVE YOU THIED GOlVIERS BALM ? It is a Salve for every wound, with marvellous properties in curing and healing all kinds of Sores. Rish, Eczema, Burns, Scalds, Scur/y, Gal iings in Children and Women, Pilos, Scabby Eleads, Chaps, Ringworm, SiitT Joints, Irritations and Inflammations of all kinds. Noted for Usr BAD LEGS. TRY IT. Sold by all Chemists and Stores at Is. l id., or send value in stamps or P.O. to maker JACOB HUGHES, M.P.S., L.D.S., PENARTH Cardiff. Ask for ,Go?,rEn's BALM," and see that the nam Jacob Hughes is on each box, without hich none is genuine. Cupiss' Constitution Balk. TESTIMONIALS. HORSES. For Grease, Swelled Legs, Winston Hall, Cracked Heels, Conghs Sionham. Colde, Sore Throats «,re tHn hpRt Disordered r,jver Broken JJ.V for Grease and f1"*1'. luflaenza, Loss of C V) °1 ,^fcase ar!a Appetite, &c., &o. Swelled Legs in e°reeB' CATTLE. WILLIAM LONG. For Hide-boand, Staring Coat, Hove or Blown Sutton Farm, Diatemper, Epidemic, 8ux Boyton. feit, Condtioning, Pre- liu £ troubled with -enuring. I pave one 8 H F,.F-; P. Ball at two different For Rot or F]uk0i and times, and the result keeping in Health, Aesiat- was a perfect care. inR to get into Condition 1". CORY. Soaring in Lambs, (FEE. Prepared upwards of 50 yea.rs by the late FRANCIS CUPITS, M,lt.c-v.s., DISS, NOEPFINR Sold in packets Is 9d and 3a 6d each, 7 Bmall packets JOs 6d, or 7 large Jls., by Chemists and cine Vendors, or from rropnetor, THE WITT™.™ I Diss, on roceipt cf amount. H-HNBSS, -=-==:=-c=-= -=- _-=-=:=- Advertise in the Guardian."