Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
12 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
CORRESPONDENCE. ^^I
CORRESPONDENCE. I WHO ARE THE PEACE MiKERS ? To tlw Editor of the Dewiglahxre Advertiser. Sir,—I have read with contilerable pain the observa- tions made by our moch. respected townsman Mt T. T. Griffith, at the meeting of the Volunteer RifleSj which took place in the Town Hall on Saturday last. We generally look upon Mr Griffith as a gentleman who speaks and acts as one who has a due sense of the words and actions of an. accountable being. There is in the tone, manner, and matter of Mr Grifli'.b's public ad- dresses a rich vein of religious feeling which impresses us with the idea that he speaks under the moral guid- ance of a well cultivated conscience, aad a heart that is fixed in iti right place. I am at a loss, therefore. to re- concile all this with the sentiment to which Mr Griffith gave utterance, according to the public reports on Satur- day last. In the report of a contemporary of yours I find the following. He had more confidence in 50,000 men like them, than he had in alL the Peace Societi es in the Kingdom. This looks very like a sneer at the efforts of the Peace Society, and many will be surprised to find that so unkind a rebuff should have escaped the speaker's lips. Blessed are the peace makers" said one who spoke as never man spake, and we don't read that he ever instructed his hearers that the way to promote peace was by arming for war. On the contrary, the "great teacher" whose birth was heralded as peace on earth good will to men" enjoined upon his followers, in the sermon on the mount, very different doctrines to those which are preached at Volunteer Rifle meetings. The peace society has only one object, that is the promotion for peace, and the means they have at all times adopted for carrying out their ob- ject, are of a character that will bear the strictest scrutiny, whether tried by the standard of scripture or patriotism. In fact if they stand the test of the first we need have no misgivings about anything farther. Can this much be asserted of the course the Volunteer Rifles have adopted. It is not by abusing a man that we are likely to securehis friendship, nor is it the way to promote peace for the people of one nation to abuse the ruler of another. And is it not abuse of the French Emperor that generally forms the staple commodity of the speeches at Volunteer Rifle meeting?. "Let him come if he dare," or some such language is the idle braggadocia that we hear uttered at these gatherings. Is this the way that 50,000 volunteers are more calcu- lated to promote peace, than all the peace societies in the Kingdom. What absurd language to use towards a man who has never shown the slightest inclination to quarrel with, but on the contrary has oftpa gone out of his way to show the friendly spirit he entertains towards us. Not a single fact have any of the innumerable host of volunteer orators adduced to show that the Em- peror of France has any design upon England. All they can do is to abuse him and thus try to verify their own foolish predictions, and how lamentable it is to see men of intelligence, influence, bntteresses of the nation- al establishment, aiding in such wicked work. A PEACE MAN. RUABUN GUARDIANS. To the Editor of the. Denbighshire Advertiser. Sir-I noticed in your last week's papei a communi- cation severely criticising the capacity and standing at the Board of the Ruabon Guardians. The communica. tion in question though purporting to be written by an Ex-guardian" sets out with a mis-statement, for it hap- pens that the poor rate in Ruabon was last year not four and sixpence in the pound, but four shillings. When your correspondent talks about incompetence and negleot I beg to inform him that when I became guardian first the paiishwasin debt to the Union above one thousand pounds. This has all been paid off, and at the present time there is a balance exceeding that sum in the hands of the treasurer and overseers, and if an equitable rate was only levied throughout the parish I confidently be. lieve that there would be no necessity for a rate of more than 3a in the pound. But I shall say no more at present, as m a few days the auditor will go through the accounts, and state what is the balance now in the the hands of the treasurer and also the overseers, which will afterwards be published. CHARLES WEIGHT,
[No title]
GHKAT FIRB AT TIIK Eusxoit liOTLL.-On Wednes- day evening, about five o'clock, the greatest excitement Was caused in the immediate neighbourhood of the Lon- don and North-Western Railway terminus, New-road, in consequence of a tire of no small magnitude breaking out in the company's hotel, situate in Eustoti-square. The building in question was one of two which formed a half circle—the south froat being left open for carriages to enter, and the north for travellers to enter the hotel from the railway. Tho building on the south side was termed the Royal Victoria Hotel. and the one on. the north, in which the fire commenced, was called the Euston; both structures were six floors high, and had an underground communication between the two. At the time above stated, some of the inmates experienced a strong smell of burning wood, and having informed Mr Wheeler, one of the managers, a search was instituted, but no one in the house could discover that any part of the place was on fire, and, after a diligent search, it was presumed that some wood had been burning in one of the kitchens. Shortly afterwards, however, a sergeant of S division of police, in passing along the square, noticed a small flickering light at the side of a stack of chimneys on the north-west angle of the roof, but not af that character as to excite anything like fearful apprehensions. Jle, how- ever very judiciously apprised the inmates of what he had seen, and upon examining the spot it was found that that part of the premises was on fire, and not to a little extent. Every person in the building was apprised of their impending danger if they remained in the hotel, and, it is hardly necessary to state, that each made a hasty retreat from the establishment. Some of the fe- male servants, out of twenty in number, who occupied the attics, were enabled to save some of their wearing apparel, but the majority of them have lost them all. In the eotirseof afev minutea the engines belongingto the Railway oompany. were brought outj but. the fire was then found to be extending right and left along the roof of the upper lfoor, and making a crackling noisu amongst the timber, the conflagration, notwithstanding the water that was thrown upon it, having fairly got into the roof, worked its way along, aud into each room in Eus- ton-square at the top, and, aiso to those forming three, or four houses in Drummond-street. The scene, then be. came fearful to look upon, for the flames were rising so high into the air as to lead every one present to believe that they would consume ever y portion of the extensive property, and many thousand spectators hurried to the spot to witness the progress of the devastating elememt. PRIMITIVE METHODIST MISSIONS.—Oa Wednesday evening the annual missionary meeting of the Primitive Methodists WAS held.in Blpotpsbury Chapel. The and!. ence Was numerous, and Mr P. Crosaley, M. P., presided. The Revs T Penrhos, tt Davies, G Lamb, W Harland, W Sanderson, W Hall, B Reynold, j Toulson, R Barron, and E Bishop were on the platform. After a prayer had been offered, Mr Penibos, read an elaborate report, wbioh Stated that the denomination had been in existence 50 years. It had 610 travelling preachers, 10,838 local preachers, and 1,314 Sabbath sohools, attended by 159,251 children. The society maintained- 66 missionaries abroad; There were 10 stations ia Canada, 5 in Victoria, 3 in New South Wales, 3 in New Zealand, and 1 in Tasn^&ni^. Thq total noeipts.receiveci during the yeF had, been £ 12,618.12s 3d, and there was a balance in 7d. The general position of the body was represented as encourag- ing. The Chairman said that, considering the society had only existed 50 years, they had great reason, to be thankful for the success which had attended their exertions. It was scarcely possible to over-estimate the importance of meetings like that they were holding. They had meetings every day about temporal things, and men made the mistake of seeking them first, and of postponing to the last spiritual things, which were by far the more important. The work of the society was to preach the gospel, and that Iwas the noblest enterprise in which any man could ea. gap. The B?. B DaTi. moved the adoption of the !W ? 'P? n ?? ? ? witty jw II""
REVIEW. I
REVIEW. I "EARLY BRITISH HISTORY." I (BY G. H. WHALLEY, ESQ., M.P.) I Such is the title of a lecture delivered by G. n. Whalley, Esq., M.P., at the London Mechanics' Institu. tion, on Monday, the 5th of March, and as it expresses so much of what, for want of a better name, I must call Welshisib," I would call thn attention of the readers of the Advertiser, both English and Welsh, to it, for the purpose of pointing out how the honourable member for /eterboro' in straining out a gnat has swallowed camels "too numerous to mention." I shall tirst take exception to one of the first remarks that Mr Whalley makes, viz., that he does cot speak as a Welshman but as a Briton, using tha word as eynony nous with Englishman. Now, this is scarcely fair. The lecture is decidedly and entirely Welsb. and that in a sense which is opposed to English or Saxon. It is too bad to call our ancestors hard names on the plea that they are not our ancestors, and that without any proof of the fact. Mr. Whalley Bays—" We are still emphatically I the British nation, and ever hiyu been sit-in blood, ltce, and lallguagc-subjcct tJ such modifications us lave resulted from the influx of strangsrs to our shorts. 1 shall not have time to-night to show ycu that our :English language, though so difFsrent in sound from the I ancient British if, as to at least three parts out of four of ihe words in the most ordinary use based upon the British. Now, I would venture to say wi!h regard to this pas- sage that more unfounded statements were never made on anyscientilic subjett, uu, Lot even befi.re the intro- duction of the Baconiai method of investigation. The English languige based on the Britisit I Wlut philol g;st -would say so? Certainly not Latham nor I'lithaid. Instead of there being three out of four words of Biiiis-h origin, if 1 3ay there is one in a bundled I saall be giv ing too high an estimate, i he woiiis known to be de- rived from the ancient British am indeed very few. There are names of places li8 Peii-y-gaiit, but the lollow- iug list uf words left by the old Brnous that are in com- inoa use in England cannot, be gieatly extended— Basket Cnckery Mop Barrow ticket Fiail Button Guwn itail Dainty Matter And a recent wiiter suggests that ford, as in Oxford, is ?eti ved from the \Vt:la!i?r?. Lei r.ny oao uku the Imperial Dictionary, which is our acknowledged ¡;tím- II ar? uf etymology, ami turn over its pa?es by tho hour if Th he likes, IWd he will e?uy verify what 15Y' The iwo languages are, however, somewhat related, though very distantly. The modern Welsh, with what is left of the old languages of Cornwall and Brittany, constitute the Calnhria" or British branch of the Celtic stock of the Indo- Suropeaiifaiiii(y of languiges. Whereas the Anglo- Saxon, or English, is a subdivision of the Low Germanio division of the Teutonic branch of the Gothic stock of the UlIle great Indo-European family. This classification is that of the best philologists, but so very different is the Celtic from all the other stocks which compose this family that thirty years ago it was not recognised as a member of the family at ill. The term Indo-Germanic, then was used to designate the allied languages from India to England, and when Dr Pritchard (a Welshman) suc- ceeded in showing that really the Welsh had a kinship with English it was not so much by the marks of resem- blance between them as showing that the Welsh was al. lied to the same eastern languages as is our own. To prove the old British was related to the Teutonic he proved that it was related to the Persian and Sanscrit. I have often heard Welshmen say that English was not A language at all, that it was nothing but gibberish, made up of twenty-six different languages. That certainly is the number of the letters in our alphabet, and mayhap we have borrowed names of things new to us from all the hundred nations from whom we have received them, but that we owe much to the old British is to be denied in toto. As I have thus disposed of the question of language, I need say nothing of that of race. It is probable that we have more Celtic blood than language, but it is not to be believed that if at the time of the Norman Con- quest there was a tithe of the people of England, British even by immediate descent, they would have left so little impression on the language as we see they have. Mr Whalley begins his notice of British history with the colonization of this country by Brutus and his Tro- jans. This he gives as an historical fact and a reason for it thus—" The city of Troy was the great centre of the Druidic religion in the East, as this island was of the West; and therefore upon the destruction of Troy by the Greeks, the Trojans naturally sought a refuge in the island of the West." The italics are mine, but here are two supposed facts stated, and a reasonable conclusion drawn from them. This would be very well if it could be shown that the facts are facts. I suppose all we know of old Troy is contained in Homer, but that Troy was a centre of Druidie religion I think will not be found in the llliad. That Britain was not, Mr Whalley shall prove himself. With him the old Welsh traditions are everything, and he does 'not always try to know that they really are Welsh. But let us see what that tra- dition says which he quotes as versified by Pope- "Brutua-there lies beyond the Gallic bounds An island which the western sea surrounds; By ancient giants held—now few remain To bar thy entrance or obstruct thy reign." Were those giants of the Druid religion ? And if so, did the number of these Danaides warrant 'he assertion that their land was the centre of the religion ? Air Whal- ley slid Biuius naturally sought this land because the people were his co-religionists, this tradition is an oracle showing that he was supernaiurally directed to the place because it was nearly empty, aud those who were there would oppose him had they been but numerous enough. Mi Whalley forgets to tell us too that infallible tradition says they did oppose him, and that the gieat giint Gog- magog, in single combat with Cormeus, a Trojan, broke thr,.v i f his ribs; but this was nothing to Coriueus, who thereupon se!zed old Gogroagog and threw him, though he was twelve cubits high, off the top of Dover Cliffs in- to the tie&. And only whi-n they hdd subdued the giants did Brutus leign peaceab ly. Then Brutus built a city and called it uou Nov,, aud it had tt:lupli a to Appollo fni Diana. Wonderful Druidism this! It savuuts ui monkery, Mr Wbal-ey. and you arc so strong against that. 1 don't suppose Welsu muiina are any better than others, and Nennws was a mouk, was he njt ? But vi this more anon. The next event Mr Whalley mentions is the conquest of Rome by Britons (!j undt-r Hreunus. The Rjinun ac- count says the invaders of Italy weie Gau s, but with an admixture of other Celtic nations. Will Mr W. prove th..t the so I:.d d Bnush acuount is of gieater antiquity than thf Roman one ? Mr W. quotes Pluiarcn, tu show that the army was peaceable and well disposed. The quotation is this-" Ilis forces injured no man's proper- ty they neither pillaged the fields nor insulted the towns." I suppose their attack on Rome itself and the levying of black mail comes within this description. It they were so mild and harmless, what did they want in Italy ? Mr Whalley asserts that they conquer- ed Rome; all except the capital was taken which after standing the siege of aix months was ransomed by a payment to Brennus of one thousand pounds weight in gold." The Romans tell a different story, they say that Brennus tried to cheat them as to the weight, and that Camillus a noble Roman came just at the crisis, from a neighbouring city with an army, and ransomed the capitol with his swotd, and so utterly destroyed the Gauls that none escaped to Gaul or Britain to tell the tale. Had he told us that almost the only reason for supposing the army to be British is the supposition that the Romana mistook names of office for names of persons, and that those names are like some Welsh words Mr W would have been nearer the truth. Brennus seems very much like a latinized form of Brenhin-a King. But brenhin would also be the word used in Gaul itself for the Gauls were Cimbri. That some restless spirits of the Belgoe and Britons would be in the army and be described by Plutarch as living in the very ends of the earth," is not improbable, but that they were mostly Gauls or Galatea is only the more certain from the tact that an army of the same migration passed through the north of Greece and crossing into Asia minor settled there and named their new country from themselves,-Galatia. Mr Whalley also mis-states theitime of this invasion by 100 years. The battle of Allia was certainly about the year 363 from the building of Rome, but that is the year 390, B.C. not 490. We now come to the invasion of Britain by Julius Casar. That the Britons were brave in defence of their country no one ever denied, but that Cmsar thoroughly defeated all whom he encountered is equally true. On the second invasion in the year 54, B.C., he over-ran the counties of Kent and Surrey, forced the passage of the Thames and attacked and took the capital of King Caswallon his chief opponent. This place located somewhere in Hertfordshire, was surrounded by a forest and was fortified by a blockade and trenches, and was probably one of the strongest places in the island, but it fell easily before Caesar's well disciplined legionaries. Cseaartellsus that "it was well fortified bynature and art," he does not speak lightly of the prowess of the Britons, ha tella of the ornamenta that the warriors wore, in short he speaks highly of the Britons. Nor are we to believe that this is the testimony wrung unwillingly from an enemy. 'Nothing of the sort. if Csesai's description is not the truth and the whole truth, it is because that it is more than the truth. It would not have answered his purpose to understate the valour of his opponents or their civilization. He had a charaoter to get at Rome for conquering a terra incognita, and a conquest over imbecile barbarians, who could not pay tribute, would not be valued there, and so whatever traces of civilization he found he might magnify. If he saw two chiefs with gold torguea, he would not be uttering a falsehood if he Mid their warriors are adorned with ornaments of gold." That Csesar did this I do not say, but it is more likely to be so than that he understated the resources of the country. Caesar had thoroughly subdued Gaul, why did he not do the same to Britain? Not because of the resistance offered, but that he had had enough of suc- cess to enable him to further his ambitious designs a, Rome, Thither he went. lie thought it better to be master of IIHlllpiro than the conqueror of a distant island. Britiin, however, was conquered by Romans after- wards. This Mr Whalley denies, saying that after 40 years of an undisturbed peace, Marius, King of Britain, A.D. 114, concluded a treaty Witll Troj in whtreby Britain ai. last consented no longer tostand isolated from the lest of the Roman world upon the following conditions: -that the Britons should continue to live under their own laws and native Kings; that the Roman law should be confined tp such cities as choose to become municipia or colonies) that no Briton should be disturbed in his hered- itary states, and that the three Roman legions to be sta- i tioned at Caerleon, Cheater aud York should be recruit- ted wholly, frogn British volunteers, an d never ordered on foreign se v ce-and from this period to the final break 2 up of the Roman empire, it would not be difficult to i Lhat ftsityh www owM M aiwb mtpii r over the Itomanempire-and thereby again realized, though by a different process their former triumphs-than Ito- man influence exercised over Britain." The modicum of truth that the above passage may contain is exceed- ingly email, but I give it as a specimen of the manner in which Mr Whalley makes assertion without any proof, and by omitting a portion of the truth suggests a false idea. The expression after 40 years of undisturbed peace, in its connexion in Mr Whalley's lecture certain- ly suggests that the Romans had given up the conquest, and the Britons wero left alone peaceably in Britain. Now, nothing could be further from the fact. From the time of the Clauriian invasion A.D 43, lor about 40 years the Romans had been engaged in the conquest of Bri- tain. They spared no mr-aus fair or foul to conquer it, and they succeeded. "Marim King of Britain Why, there never had been a King of Britain at all, till a Roman pro-pnetor wielded the power of Rome from the foot of the Grampians to the Isle of Wight. Never was there anything like a united government of Britain be fore. the Cantii had their Chief in Kent, the Silures in South Wales, the Iceni in thp eastern counties, the Ordo- vices in N^rthWales and the B,-igantes north of the II um- ber aud Mersey, besi,les many other tiibes, those in the South being somewhat civilized, dressed in woven tunics and giowing corn, while thoe in the North lived enl v in the meanest huts. were almost naked, and live i on the products of the ch ise. liut Cantii, Ordovices, fierce Silures, end vengeful Iceni, Tirnobante* and Brigantes all were cunquerii.i Anglesea the aacred island was in- v«ded, and the Druids ruthlessly exterminated, the rt-litrioa itself became defunct, and net a petty chief re- tained a nominal authority but by the permission of Rome. Resistance was thoroughly overcome, and tbe peace" which commenced in the time of Julitii Aavri. cola, who became pro-prsstor in A.D. 78, wys the peace of a thoroughly conquered country. Roman law I should be c;mfiued to sutli cities as choose to become mioticipia or c-donies," Citi ;s chiouiifi to become Kounn muriicipia or coloniesMr Whalley said he sh >n!d utter some startling iruLns. This certainly is startling, but it is Tl.)t a truth, Where it suited their purpose, the Romans planted a colony of veteran soldier j and gave them hnd and many Roman privileges. Such were the colonies, of whn h there were nine, while there were but two municipia, (York and 8t Albans) tho in- habitants of which enj' jed neatly all the privileges of RitiZL-ns of Rome itself. There wvre besides these ten "cillo- endowed with the Latian night" (civitates Latio jurcs donates) whose privileges wc,e not so many as those of the colonies, and there were also twelve stipen- diuria: (stipendiary towns,) which raised taxes tor the support of the Rjman revenue. These last probably were mostly governed by native law and magisti ates; but here arc thir/y-three towns all directly connected with and subject to the Raman government. I wonder how many towas there were not so subject. Will Mr Whalley supply a list ? There waa. however, some difference in the administration of Roman power in Britain, as compared with other provinces, but not in the manner Mr Whalley indicates. It was thus;-Its distance from Rome enabled the piaetor to be more ar- bitrary in his government, and the quoestor to be more giinding in his exactions than if there had been easier appeal to the emperor. Before leaving this part of the subject, I must return to C&sar. He landed in Kent, he crossed the Thames but he says nothing about Trinovantum or London—the city of mighty temples according to Mr Whalley; and it is not till A.D. 62 that we have any information as to its existence. This was 9 years after the invasion un- der Claudius, but Tacitus describes it as a place renown- ed for its concourse of merchants, and stores of goods, Thus though Ctesar does not mention it; it probably grew up in the interval between his time and the second Roman invasion. Perhaps, even, it was in existence as an inconsiderable unfortified village, and not worth turning out of his way to see. But this is perhaps. We muat now speak of Mr Whalley's assertions re- specting the introduction of Christianity in Britain, as contained in the following passage,—" In St Paul's affecting second epistle to Timothy, chapter IV. verse 21, written the evening before his execution by Nero, he states:—' Eubulus greeteth thee and Pudens and Linus and Claudia and all the brethren." Now Linus was the second son of Caractacus, the heroic British king, who having been taken prisoner by the Remans, addressed to the senate that speech which forms a prominent feature in classic history. Claudia was his daughter, and Pudens a Roman was her husband, this was in the year A.D. 67. In the previous year, Linus had been conse- crated by St. Paul, bishop of Rome; and the first church in Rume was the palace on the declivity of Mons Sacer, in which Caractacus resided." It was in the year 56 that St Paul first came to Rome, and in the following year that Bran the father of Caractacus, Caractacus himself, and other members. of the royal family of Britain, then at Rome were converted and bap- tised by him. In 69 Aristobulus the father of St. Bar- nabas, the father-in-law of St Peter, was ordained by St Paul as first bishop of Britain, and returned with Bran Caractacus to this country." Verily. the Monks have got hold of Mr Whalley. What authority is there for these statements ? None whatever but popish tradition. The only ground at all for the tradition is some correspondence of names, and even this is shown to have no weight by Dr Vaughan in his recent volume on 'Revolutions in English history.' That Christianity was introduced into Britain early is probable, but the how of it is only to be guessed at. And when it did come the British churches shared in the persecutions that were common over the Roman empire, though Mr Whalley would have us believe that it was peaceably established under royal protection, by King ] Lucius to wit,—Lucius I What a name! How it smacks of monkish latin. Britain persecuted the christians as did other nations. In Caerleon, the city of the LegiGn—British legion ac- cording to Mr Whdlley-men lost their lives for their Christianity; and at the municipal city of Verulamusm, he who is canonized as St Alban, sealed his testimony with hisI blood. But this much is perhap3 certain, that in A D. 314, three British bishops were present at the council of Aries,—but even th's is questioned. Now a little about the Saxon period. Mr Whalley stys it is supposed that from the Saxons we derive all that we venerate under the name of laws, customs, con- aiiiutit-n and liberty—that in a word, the Anglo Saxon uh. racier and tace is our passport to p(settrity. One great name will at once occur to your minds in confirma- tion of this almost organic caste n hich has been given to English history, -Alfred the Gieat, though vou will nardly call to mind one other." Yes, and this I organic c 18te' is the true one. Tnose Angles, Jutes and Saxons who fiom the reign of Diodetian to the end of the sixth century, were continually pouring into this island are really our ancestors; and, with the exception that they adopted some of the Roman municipal institutions, they left us the laws that we usually attribute to them. If Mr Whalley could not in the compass of a lecture enter into the proofs of these matters, he should have left them out, for reckless assertions, and insinuations can- not add to his literary reputation. Despite Mr Whalley we do call to mind other names that we learnt at school, that have something to do with Saxon domination in Britain. We remember something of one Offa, king of Mercia, whose neighboara- Welsh amongst them- called him the Terrible. We know that he consolidated the Mercian government, and executed that immense en- gineering work called Offa's dyke, that does not run far from Mr Whalley's house. We have heard of one Athelstan who made the mountaineers of Wales pay tribute in wolves' heads. We have heard of Edgar, to whom eight Welsh princes did homage and rowed him over the Dee in token of vassalage. We know of Harold the Earl who penetrated the fastnesses of North Wales and .so thoroughly subdued the Welsh, that they sent him the head of Griffith their king. True, we venerate the laws and institutions of Alfred, but we also are proud of the memory of the brave, good man, who fell at Has- tings, even Harold the king. What I said at the begin- ning of this paper, with regard to language may be re- called now, as it applies to the questions of law and race. Saxon pirates had begun to land on the shores of Britain before the end of the third century, and with few inter- vals they kept coming for more than 300 years, and scarcely had they settled before Danish, and Norwegian rovers begun to come, and this at intervals for nearly 400 years. Are we to believe that they did not become by far the majority of the population, and, that in the Southern, Midland and Eastern counties the British race was absolutely exterminated, and only in the hills of Cornwall, Wales, and Cumberland, could they maintain a footing at all. If any were left in the lowlands, they were « minority of the serfs, without power to influence either law or language. But not content with making the Britons the predomi- nant race always in Britain, Mr W. tells us that Crom- well and Milton were Welsh! These are his words. (Don't laugh). 4 Cromwell and Milton and many others of the leading spirits of those days, brought with them into England, from Wales, the uncompromising spirit whioh they manifested in matters as well of church as state.' Before dismissing Mr Whalley's lecture Imust say something of the sort of evidence that he evidently be- lieves and relies on for the foundation of his theories, for his British history, is certainly a theory of his own. Ttle chisfi.authority for the tales about Brutus and the so called Trojan era, is Geoffrey, of Monmouth, who did not live till more than 1100 years after the era closed. He professed to quote others, who had written before him, but there are no writers anywhere near the time who can be depended upon. How much the Welsh triads say is another matter, bat Mr Whalley would have quoted them more extensively did they tell any- thing like the Monkish tales. Diodorus Siculus wrote about the time of Cseiar's death, and he, speaking of the Britons tells of their war chariots as resembling those used in the Trojan war. This would be sufficient for the monks of Bangor or elsewhere to invent their tales. They get hold of Tacitus and find something about a place called Trinovantum, and the people Trinobantes, and by a little etymological speculation, they get baok- warda thus:— I Trinovantum, Tri-nova-(utum, euphonic) Troia-nova (Anglice New Troy,) and the monkish scribe jumps up crying 4 Eureka.' But suppose we admit this etymology to be actually correct, and that people from Troy did really build a town in Britain, what would the word l'rinobante* prove ? Just this, that the people of New Troy formed one tribe among man others inhabiting that portion of our island now called England. That some people, and those people Celtic, inhabited Britain, and at some period long antecedent to the Roman invasion, were in the Southern parts skilled in the working of metals and other arts b certain. But it is more than likely that this is all we can ever know, though it is possible that there may be authentic Welsh tradition. ot sufficient antiquity to throw some light on that remote period. But tins is one of the certainties of nistury now that there are ifve periods of British history. IJW TIMT« WELTI? PNOD BMJ JMAWT TSTUTY T FTYTTIO, I 2nd.—The Roman. 3rd.The Saxon, a portion of which is also mythic. 4th.—The Norman. otb.—Eaglish or true historic neriod. -1 The Celts still exist in parts of the Island as separate people, but in England the Saxon wiped out almost every vestige of Celtic and Roman existence. A. good school history of England has long been a desideratum, because the small books h-tve merely given datfts or re- tailed fables of a similar character to those which so du- light Mr Whalley, but I believe th" want will bs sup- plied to a very great extent by the School and College tiist'ii-y of England," by J C Curtis, RA. recently issued by bimpkin and Co. If Mr WhaIJq wou!d study it I ink he would repeat his leeiura on Jinnsh iiiatorv." 8.3,18.
MISCELLANEOUS. - ----
MISCELLANEOUS. LHUKCH LUTES.-Uiu.-ch rules are saved 1 A a wC predicted nt the beginnine, of the session, the "No sur- render' atti_ lude throughout the country has tcld upon pai lament, and the House of Commons now votes by units where it used to utter ils voice bv teas and twenties Sir John rrehiwny has, it is true, with government aid. arrieJ the third reading of his Abolition Bill. But the Home of Lords will pay but little attention to a of nine. Mr Bright was eloqu-ut hud patronising- he. dear soul, had object in getting rid of church rat*, but thereby advaiic- ius the interests of the church. BIlt. he will not soon forget, nur will the House of Commons tail tr, remember the sar- casm aud argumentation of the right b.on. member for Rlck- inham,hire, Mr. Disraeli on thisMccasion made one of his mo.t brilliant efioris and it isslight test of .he exet-tiolis recently nia-li- to find the Conservative leader thus bold and the conservative party in suA increased nurubtrs at their post. The Course of the Rouse of Lords is clear John Bull. STATU OF AFFAIRS AT ,%IESSINA,The folinwill:r letter was received at U.jyii's nil Saturday —" April 21, 1860. To Cantaill G. A. II dsf.cù, i>.N„ LS Sir-The excesses of the soLisry having ceased within the city Tranquillity has not been disturbed smce we lat aù- dressed you. The khijipiu^ has again come into purt. and many of the inhabitants have returned to the town The (t(iuuiry in the neighbourhood, lor manv miles round, is perfectly quiet, tiiollgh there is great distress and it among th". peasantry. Accounts further in from the illlet- ior are very contradictory, and it ill extremely difficult to know the exact state of matters; but from the irregular- iti. s of postal cornmullication it is ebvious things are far from settled! Communication by telegraph is cut off be- tween this and Palermo, and arrests continue to be made Martial law still continues here, but being now exercised with moderation is not complained of. Commerce is ex- ceedingly dol)ressed.-We are, s ir," &c. MORTALITY AMONGST MOUNTAIN SHEEP; A WAHNISG. —We hear that the weather has destroyed a number of sheep, not only on the hills, but on the low grounds. Cartloads of skiua have been forwarded to Penrith, and other towns and villages in the neighbourhood, of the bills; and they still, nearly daily, keep arriving from the fllq. Never, in the memory of the oldest shepherd on the hills of Westmoreland, can be remembered so fearful a mortality. Throughout Ireland, and North and South W ules, there have also been great destruction and loss amoagat cattle, sheep, and lambs. Our town authorities and our govern- meut should look in time to the future. Most of the great plagues and pestilences have been preceded by ele- mental disturbances, continued through several seasons, heat, drought, and cold. Any one, or adi, in excess, may destroy or injure plants. Animals suffer nert, and then man. Cholera ia raging in North Africa at present. We would most earnestly appeal to our government and to all local boards, guardians of the poor. and others having charge over the public health, to commence sanitaiy oper- ations in time. If any cleaning away of foul refuse be re- quired, this should be done immediately: closed rOOlma should be veutilated, and there ought to be a most liberal use of the limewash bucket and brush. Meat inspectors should be on the alert, and government ought more nar- rowly than usual to watch over salt and preserved meat contracts. The old proverb of a stitch in time" should be attended to in sanitary matters.—Buildtr, ACCIDENT TO THE DUKE OF HAMILTON. The Duke of Hamilton met with an accident on Friday night, by which his grace has fractured his leg. It appears that the noble Duke, after having dined with a few friends, left his residence in Arlington-street to take a walk before retiring to rest. In crossing Piccadilly, between Dover-street and Berkeley-street, in stepping on the pavement his foot slipped, and his grace fell, and sustained a fracture of the right leg just above the ankle. DKATH OF A CIINTENAEIAN.—Our {Ayrshire Express) obituary of to-day contains the demise of one of the oldest if not the oldest man in Scotland, Mr Hugh Fullarton, slater, Wallace-town, who died on Tuesday last, at. as re- presented by his family, the advanced age of 109 years, Mr. fullarton, we understand, was a native of Ireland. He has laboured in Ayr, however, for about half a cent- ury, and the unusually large and respectable assemblage that followed his remains on Thursday showed that during that long period he had been well and favourably known as an honest and obliging member of the community. Per the last two or three years Mr Fullarton has been con- fined to the house, although, with the exception of a slight defect in his hearing, he retained all his faculties to the last. "SUPPOSING IT WAS MONDAY."—In a Dissenting chapel, near Barnardcastle, a few Sundays ago, two far- mers met. One of them, on his way to the chapel, had noticeda fine calf ia his neighbour's field, whioh circum- stance give rise to the conversation. Addressing his friend in a tone which he intended for a whisper, but which was loud enough to be heard for several yards round, he i said: Tomnly. supposing it was Monday, what wad ye tak for your calf ?" Why," replied the other, "suppos- ing it was Monday aw wud tak two pund fifteen." CE Sup. posing it was Mouday, aw'l gi* two pond ten." Suppos- ing it was Monday, then, ye shall hev't." The bargain was thus concluded, and the calf, we are informed, was duly delivered on the following day. STAIFO IDSHIRF, IKON TITA L)E.-iVr Samuel Griffiths's circular sus-I' There is little variation in the aspect d the iron trale since our last report. The second class makers of iron complain perhaps a little more of the flateness of the trade, which is certainly no worse than it was a week since. Several of the large and leiding houses in South Staffordshire continue wtiIlaupplied with orders. Ihe demand for railn ais likewise is tolerably good; and during the w. ek inquiries have been made here in respect to a parcel of 900 tons of wide strip iron for India, by a Liverpool house. Several small speci- tications have likewise been received in the district for hoops. The demand for Staffordshire rails is dormant; every other description of railway work is flat, except railway trucks, which appear to be in great demand at the present moment by most of the railway companies engaged in the coal and the mineral traffic. The man- ufacturers here still avoid the market for pigs; even the houses known to be well off for orders prefer working into stock rather than making further contracts for pig iron. The pig markers, however, are firm holders at fixed rates, under the impression that prices Of good mine pigs cannot give way; and as the manufacturers will ultimately be forced into the market, the best ma- kers prefer rather to stack a few pigs than to submit to any reduction in piice. The trade of North Stafford- shire is in a prosperous condition; Lord Granville's great works at Shelton, and Stanier, and Heath's are well off for orders for plates. From the Newcastle and Middles- bro' districts we hear of no complaints, the manufacturers being well off for orders for most sorts, and in full work. In South Wales tEI trade is quiet, the demand for rails having been less active during the last month. The officiallist of prices of Staffordshire finished iron is as follows :-Cora mon Staffordshire bars, 27 10s at the works; best bars, X8 10s sheets, £ 2; doubles, £10 10s nail sheets, E8 10s; latins, £12; boiler plates, JE9; best and best hoops in proportion; common rods, 27 10s hocps, X,8 10, gas strip, £8, Canada plates, JE12; and all other sorts in proportion. It must be understood that these are official prices. We purchase most sorts from our friends considerably under these rates. All depends upon the brands and other circumstances.—Copper: Fixed rates are maintained. No prospect of any change in price at present.—Tin Straits and Banca flat and neglected; moderate business doing in English at fixed rates.—Spelter: Market quiet, rather firmer.-Lead: Flat market, export demand falling off, foreign being pressed on the market.—Tin Plates without change.— Quicksilver: Price f,7 per bottle. TOM SAYERS ON 'CHANGE AT LIVERPOOL. Tom Sayers paid his promised visit to Liverpool, on Monday afternoon. It was announced that he would appear on 'Change at four o'clock, and as early as two o'clock crowds began to assemble on the lfsgo," and in the im- mediate vicinity of the Exchange-buildings- By the time tixed the crowd was very great, and the news-room was crowded with merchants and others. Tom arrived at the scene at the appointed hour, and was received into the news room, where he met with a regular ova- tion, and bowed his acknowledgement from an elevated counter at the end of the hall. The assemblage was larger and of a more motely description than has been seen in the room for many a day. Whatever remarks may have been made were lost in the excitement which prevailed. It was said by an old Liverpool merchant that no such scene had been enacted on 'Change since the day that Lord Gough was honoured for his victories in India. Dai; as FOR THE Poolt.-In the evidence given before the Committee of the llouie of Commons on the adultera- tion of Food and Drags, several witnesses expressed their opinion that poor persons purchasing medicines and drugs are exposed to great imposition and injuiry, resulting from inferior or adulterated articles supplied at a lower charge than the real value of those that are genuine and good. This is particularly the case with Cod Liver Oil-iii in- valuable remedy in many maladies, such as Rheumatism, Gout, Diseases of the Skin, Scrofula, Neuralgia, Debility, and consumption. The trite remark that the best article is always the cheapest, is remarkably applicable to Dr. de Jongh's Light-Brown Cod Liver Oil, which according to the experience of many who have tried it, and of medical men of great eminence, relieves and cures the above com- plaints more certainly and quickly than any other remedy. In theassociation Medical Journal, it is stated that this Oil goes three times as far as any other kind;" and Dr. Bayes, the eminent Physician of the Brighton Hospital, obirves" That a tea-spoonful of Dr. de Jongh's Oil is equal in its effects to a table-spoonful of the Pale Oil" The Rev. Edward Mucilesten, incumbent of Ford, Sa- lon has been fined i5, damages, and costs, for cutting some trees, the property of the Rev. R. L. Burton, minis- ter St. Giles's, Shrewsbury. The defendant had been pre- viously convicted of a similalr offence. This time the evidence was circumstantial: his boots corresponded with footprints in the complainant's garden, which adjoins that of the defendant. The Horning POlt eays bat ill the buildieg trades ill the metropolis there are symptoms of a revival of that dis- attous struggle between mi-sun 84 ffWktteA witatSW warn irtttaa,
I CHESTEH SPRING MEETING,…
I CHESTEH SPRING MEETING, 18GO. I Stewards—Lord Portsmouth, Sir L. Newman, Bart., Lord Courtocay, and the Earl of Coventry Clerk of tbe Course—Mr E W Topham; Judge-Alr R Johnson, of York; Starter—Mr Hibburd; Clerk of the Scales- Mr John Pickering. On Saturday, and opto Monday evening, Chester was all alive with the numerous arrivals of horses, grooms, jockeys, and all the usuhl retinue on such occasions. The trains poured forth vast numbers of visitors, and the town was pretty well filled by Monday night. The demand for lodgings was very great, and all the hotels are well patronised. The attendance on Tuesday was beyond an average for the opening day. The sport commenced exactly at the hour appointed—2 o'clock—with the Gros- veiior Stakes. and terminated at a quarter to six o'clock, with the following results. The GBOSYEXOK STAKES of 10 sovs each, b.1 ft., with 50 sovs added; three years old Gst 121b. four 8st 7lb, six and aged 9st 31b; a winner at any time of 300 sovs. clear (excepting handicaps) to carry olbs extra; mares and geldings allowed 3,^s. Grosvenor course, about a mile and a quarter. 9 subs. Mr Merry's nis Promised Lland, 4 yrs..G Fordham 1 Mr T. Ilarr's Avahnche, 3 yrs Challoner 2 Mr Copneithwaite's llising Sun, 3 yrs. ItobertSOn 3 The PALATINK, STAKES of 15 sovs each, 5 ft., with 50 sovs added by the Grand Stand Proprietors, for colts, iind flilips then three years old colts 8st 7ib. fillies and goidings 8st. 31b. Maidens having skirted twice without being pheed second allowed 5Jbs, the 1000 gs stakes 510 extra. Any other winner in the present year of the v:llue of 100 sovs ol ar, in plates or sweep- stake (handicaps excepted), 31bs extra. Claims for allowances to be male up to the tiftJc of starting, ijecoud to save Ins stake, ifroiu the Castle pole, once round and in, 10 subs, Mr Eastwood's Butterfly Aldcroft 1 Mr J Whittaker's First Lord J. Osborne 2 Mr Irishani's Odo (j, Vordham 3 The WYNNSTAT HANDICAP of 100 sovs, given by thn Grand Stand Pioprieturs, added to a sweepstakes of 5 sovs each, for all ages. Second to receive 20 sovs out o! the stakes, the winner to pay 15 sovs towards ex- penses. Three quarters of a mile. 33 subs. Mr W Day's 'I'raducer, 3 yrs e. J Adams 1 Sir 11. Des Yceux's Comforter, 4 yrs. Fordham 2 Hon C Powlett's La Hollandaise, 3 yrs.U Grimshaw 3 The MOSTYST STAKES of 10 sova each, with 100 sovs added by the Grind Stand Proprietors, for two years old; colts 8st 71b, fillies and geldings 8st 31b. Second to receive 20 SOVJ out of the stakes. The winner to pay 15 sovs towards expenses. A winner in the present year of 100 sovs clear 5 lbs extra. Three quarters of a mile. 16 subs. Mr Saxon's Big Ben I, Snowden 1 Mr H W Thomas's Dictator Withington 2 Mr Parr's Kildonan Clements 3 The CHESTERFIELD STAKES, a handicap of 10 sovs each, with 10J sovs added by the Grand Stand Proprietors, for three years old. Second to receive 25 sova out of the stakes. Winner to pay 15 sovs towards expenses. Once round and a distance. 20 subs, Mr Barber's Ben Webster o o & Entwistle 1 Mr GibbsGoiden Pippin Perry 2 Mr Rirgrea ves' Horace. Buliock 3 A HANDICAP PLATE of 50 sovs. Three quartets of a mile. 9 subs. Captain Christie's Brandy Ball, 4 yrs ..G Fordham 1 Mr W Phillips' Weardale, 2 yrs H Robertson 2 Mr Dawson's Professor Dick, 3 yrs. Bullock 3 A SWEEPSTAKES of 5 sovs each, with 30 sova aided. W eight for age, with certain allowance. The winner to be sold for 80 sova in the usual way. Once round and a distance. 3 subs. Mr Saville's Mainstay colt, 3 yrs Bottom 1 Col Towneley's Job, 3 yrs. oJ. J Snowden 2 Mr Hargreaves' Jessie, 3 y 0. Madden 3 I An exciting race. Won by a length. WEDNESDAY. The Second Year of the Second BIENNIAL PRODUCE STAKES of 10 sovs each, with 50 sovs added, for three years old, colts 8st 81b, fillies 9st alb. Certain al- lowances. Second to save his stake, and the winner to pay 10 sovs towards expenses. Castle-pole, once round and in. 9 subs. Mr Thorton's ch c Curlew too (Bullock) 1 Captain Archdall's b c Niger., (J Usborne) 2 A PLATE of 60 sovs (clear), the gift of the Members of the City (the Right Hou. Earl Grosvenor and P. S. Humberston, Esq.), added to a sweepstakes of 3 sovs each, the latter to go to the second horse. Three years old 7st 71b, four 8t 81b, fire 9st, six and aged 9st 3lb; mares and geldings allowed 3lbs. Seven fur- longs. Mr Edward's bl h Jack Spring, 6 years.. (J Osborne) 1 Mr Saxon's b c Defender, 4 years (L Snowden) 2 Mr Saunder's b f Yellow Girl 3 years ..(Charlton) 3 The THADESJIENS' PLATE of 200 sovs in specie, added to a Handicap Sweepstakes of 25 sovs each, 15 ft. Second to receive 50 sovs out of the stakes, and win- ner to pay 50 sovs towards expenses of the Judge, Starter, &c. The winner of either the Northamp- tonshirc Stakes, Metropolitan, andCity and Suburban I Stakes at Epsom, Newmarket Handicap, or the Great Northern at York, in the present year to carry 101ba extra, the second in either 5lbs, and the winner of any other handicap race, after the publication of the weights, of the value of 200 sovs, including the win- ner's own stake, 51bs extra, but not to be accumula- tive for being second in any of the above speciliud handicaps as well as being the winner of 200 sovs Cup courae; about two miles and a quarter. 176 subs, 59 of whom declared and pay 5 sovs. Lor-d Ailesbury's ch h St Aiban's, by Stockwell-Bri. bery, 3 years (G French) 1 Mr W Day's b f Petra, 4 years (h b) (J Adams) 2 Lord Portsmouth's b g Tame Deer, aged (W Bottom) 3 Lord Courtansy's b f Flitch, 4 years 0 Mr G Foster's b h Underhand, 6 years 0 Mr Parr's ch c Gaspard, 4 years. 0 Mr J Thompson's b m Tunstall Maid, 5 years. 0 Mr R Copperthwa tt's b f Twilight, 4 years 0 Mr C Devon's ch c Independence, 4 years. 0 Mr Craven's b c Marine, 4 years 0 Mr T Broeck's ch c Satellite, 4 years 0 Mr G Bryan's ch c Precursor 4 ytar 0 Mr G Thomas's ch c Birmingham, 4 years 0 Mr T Hughes's br g The Brewer, aged 0 Lord Howth nad. br f Miss Digby, 4 years 4 Mr R Bayley's gr c The squire, 4 years. 0 Mr Whitwurth's b g by Vatican -Lady Mary, 4 years 0 Mr R'ynard's b h Cheery Chap, 5 years 0 Mr J Whittaker's br c First Lord, years 0 Mr Copperthwaite's br c Rising Sun, 3 years. 0 Mr J Day nad b c Blue Ruin, 3 years 0 Mr Merry's cb c Apollyn, 3 years 0 Captain Little's br o Man at Arms 3 years 0 Mr J Ingman's br c Odo, 3 years 0 Mr Swindell's br f Weatherbound 3 years 0 Mr Hare's br f Clara Webster, 4 years 0 Mr Morris nad b h Pensioner, 5 years 0 Mr Murland's br h Longrange, years O. Mr Robinson's br c The Prophet, 3 years 0 Betting before the start: 5 to 1 St Alban's (t) 7 to I Longrange (t); 8 to 1 Petra (t) 8 to 1 Birmingham (t) 100 to 6 Gaspard (t); 20 to 1 Weatherbound (off); 25 to 1 Independence (t) 40 to I Precursor (t); 66 to 1 Rising Sun (t); 66 to 1 Pensioner.—At the tenth at. tempt a fair start was made, The Brewer taking the lead, followed by Flitch, Tame Deer, Petra, St Alban'?, and a host of others lying close up. Coming round the Grosvenor Post, Flitch took up the running. At the dis- tance the first time round, 'I aale Deer and St Alban's were in the van, the former with the lead, Petra, Weather- bound, and others lying well up. This order was main- tained to the Grosvenor's Post. where the favourite took the lead. Petra made her effort at the distance, and reached St Alban's quarter, but French gave the favour- ite a cut with the whip, and he came away, and won by a length; four lengths between the second and third; the other a long way behind. The Prophet was the left at the post.—Chaloner is suspended from riding again at this meeting, for striking Woodhouse, both before and after the cup race. IlELtioR SKELTER HANDICAP of 5 sovs each, with 39 sovs added. Six subscribers or no race. Second to save his stake; if 10 subscribers to receive 10 sovs of the stakes. Half a mile. Mr Hughes's b g Fractions, 5 years Custanco 1 Captain Archdall's b c Niger, 3 yeats.. Sadler 2 Mr Newland's ch f Buttercup, years. "0" Bottom 3 The SCRAMBLE HANDICAP of 5 sovs each, with 30 sova added, for all ages. The winner to be sold for 80 sovs in the usual way. Three quarters of a mile. 6 subs. or no race. Mr Hughes's ch g Spiteful Dick, 6 years ..Custance 1 Mr llardy's b f Emerald, 3 years Entwistle 2 Hu MAJESTY'S PLATE of 100 gs for three years old 7s. 21b, four 9st 21b, five 9st 121b, six and aged 10st 21b Thrice round. Mr T Parr's ch f Avalanche, 3 years Clements 1 Mr C Peck's b o Crim Tartar, 3 years.. H Robertson 2 Mr Edwards's bl h Jack Spring 6 years ..J Osborne 3
RHOSYMEDRE. I
RHOSYMEDRE. I TREAT TO THE NATIONAL SCHOOL CIlTLDR:EN:-On Friday week the children of the Rhosymedre National Schools were treated by Sir Watkin and Lady Williams Wynn to tea in the schoolroom. About 150 assembled on the occasion and at three o'clock they sat down to a most sumptuous repast, the sohoolroom having been tastefully decorated with evergreens and flowers by Miss Edwards, the talented daughter of the respected incum- beat, Lady Williams Wyna arrived at the hour ap- pointed accompanied by Mrs and Miis Brancker, and Mr Granville Williams Wynn. As soon as her ladyship entered the schoolroom she was received with cheers and as soon as silence was restored the children, led off by their worthy incumbent, Miss Edwards, and their teach- ers, sang a song composed for the occasion—the words written by the master and set to music by Miss Edwards. After the song followed grace before meat." As soon as tea was over several songs were beautifully sung by the children assisted by the wonderful ainging of. the rev incumbent. During the singing the musical voice of Miss Edwards was admired by all; in every respect she is a worthy prodigy of her talented father. The festivity broke up after three cheers being given to Lady Williams Wynn, Sir Watkin, MrGrauvme W Wynn, the rev the vicar of Ruabon, the Rev J D Ed. wards aid family. Much credit h due to the teachers for the behaviour of the children. Amongst those present were Lady Williams Wynn, Granville Williams W yon,fEsq; Mrs and Miss Branoker; the Rev the Vicar aad Miss Thomas, Ruabon; Rev J D Edwards and family; Rev T Vowler Wickham; J 0 Ward, Esq, Churchwarden Wright, Mr an4 Mrs Jonathan Jones, Mr Bradley and family, Mn Bradley, jun., Miss Edwards, Mrs Powell and sister, Mr tiobson and, family, Mrs H Jones, Mrs Hughes, Mn Thomas, .Mr and MraEllii. If¡QlJi Aa4qWI.iW $6; r ELLESMERE. THE RIFLE CORPS.-Great progress is being made by this corps in the various departments of II the drill," The sergeant takes infinite pains with his recruits, and there is little doubt the corps will soon take to the open air. The large room at the Town Hall has been used for the purpose of drilling up to the present time. CRIC;irT.-Tiie forthcoming season promises to be a successful one. A meeting has been held, presided over by Mr J. W. luoorhouse, at which the usual subscrip- tions were entered into, and Mr It E Grosvenor was ap. pointeu secretary and treaSILrLr. Ati accession of strength to the club, in the shape of seveial new inenibers-good players-has been gained, which will be the meaus of making tLis club a dangerous one to contend with. DEXBIGII. CHARGE OF PERJURY.—On Friday last, before T. G. Edwards, Esq J. P. Jones, Esq., and Dr. Turn our, Lucv Davies was brought up, having been apprehended at Llandudno, charged with perjury in an affiliation case. Mr Bartley I,n<i hi" daughter appeared, and denied the statements of the prisoner, although the daughter, in reply to questions from the Mayor, admitted that her mother hnd been a few days at Rhyl in September last. Mr Underwood gave important evidence in support of the charge. Prisoner was committed to the assizes. RHUG, CORWEX. PRESENTATION.—We are happy to announce that the Rev \V Evans, incumbent of Ithug Chapel (late curate of Llanlhvchaiarn), has had a epleniid t stuuMual pre- sented to him by his late i.arishioners. It consisted of a massive sil ver teapot, value about 20 guineas. Mr Evans was but a very short time in the parish, but his energy, perseverance, and truly Christian conduct, endaaredhjm to the bliirti of all with whom he came in contact. Tiie following inscription was very beautifully engraved upon the testimonial"Presented to the Kev. Wm Evan-, curate of Llanliwchaiain, by the parishioners, as a matk of esteem and appreciation of his earnest and untiring labours amongst them. lSGO." The following address was also at the same time presented: To the Rev Wm Evans. D',ar Sir,-The parishioners of Llanllwchaiarn being deeply impressed with the earnestness and useful- ness of your miuistrations during the period of your resi- dence amongst them as curate, take the liberty of offer- ing for your acceptance the accompanying silver teapot. Tiey desire you will receive it as a tnfiiug mark of their esteem and affectionate regard, and they pray that it may please God to ,rant you a prolonged life, with health and strength for your future labours, and a larger measure of his Holy Spirit to win many souls to Christ, to be a crown of rejoicing to you throughout a blisaful j eternity." I RUTHIN BOARD OF GUARDIANS. I The fjitnightly meeting of this Board was held on Saturday last, and this being the meeting of the new Guardians, the first business was the election of Chair- man for the ensuing year. a Ex-offieio guardians were present, and 21 elected guardians. Mr John Jones of Llanfair said that he had been a Guardian for mauy years, and when he came to the office he found Mr Maurice occupying the chair; he had continued to serve them faithfully for a long period, and he thought they ought to be very grateful to him for devoting so much of his valuable time, to the duties of chairman in which, situation he was most attentive to the welfare of the poor, as well as to the interests cf the ratepayers in his capacity as a magistrate, and from his knowledge of the law, there could be no gentleman better adapted for tho office, and if he would consent to continue their chair. man he should be ver y glad. Mr Jonos concluded by moving that Mr Maurice be the chairman for the ensu- ing year. The Rev J Griffiths said he agreed with all the obser- vations Mr Jones had made, and begged to second the nution. Mr Thomas Hughes said before the question was put to the vote, he wished to make a few observations. He be- lieved there was no one present who would not agree to awardMr Maurice his full meed of praise for his service; bad he (Mr Hughes) been present at the last board he should have made some remarks at what he had read with surprise in the newspaper, for it was then stated that when Mr Maurice became chairman, the Union was in a state of bankruptcy, he never had an idea that their finances were in such a state, and such an assertion was an aspersion upon Mr Maurice's predecessor. The Rev D Roberts said the question before them was the appointment of chairman, and till they had fixed some of their body in that office no business could be proceeded with, unless Mr Hughes was going to con- clude by proposing a chairman, he thought his remaiks were irregular. Mr Hughes was of a different opinion, and said the re- port in the paper went on to state other particulars which he considered very irregular and he thought it was a rerrular bur leeque. There was another matter the vote of thanks to the ministers of various denominations. The inmates of the workhouse were visited on one Sabbath by a rigid Calvin minister, on the second by an Armin- ian, on the third by a Baptist, who wishes for immersion on the fourth by an Independent minister, on the fifth by a Presbyterian or Wesleyan. The trumpet gave an uncertain sound, and were they willing to carry it on without having any responsiole person to report on the spiritual welfare of those committed to their care. Ho did not think it was a worthy spirit, they ought to have a chaplain. Mr J W Lloyd said that he was Mr Maurice's prede- cessor in the chair for two years, and he was not aware that the allusions which haft been made, that the Union was in a state of Bankruptcy, were at all called for or truthful. The Rev D Roberts said if any address was necessary from a guardian on the present occasion, it ought to conclude with the nomination of a chairman. After making some observations on the remarks which had been made the rev gentleman concluded by proposing Mr W Chaloner as chairman. Mr W Lloyd seconded the motion, Mr Chaloner respectfully declined the office, and said he should much prefer seeing Mr Msurice continue in the office he had so long and so ably filled. Mr Maurice then took the chair, and said he thanked the guardians for the honour they had done him in re- electing him their chairman. Allusions had been made to their proceedings at the last board; he, however, was not responsible for the observations of others in fact, he was not in the room during part of the time, he must also decline to follow his friend Mr Hughes in his theological views. He had no doubt the same care for the welfare of the poor-the same desire to protect the interests of the ratepayers which had always animated that board, I would continue to govern and direct their actions. Ho had a short statement of the expenditure of the last year but perhaps it might be more convenient to defer it un- til the formal business was completed. It was then proposed by Mr E Roberts, and seconded by Mr R Smart, that the Rev G Griffiths be one of the vice-chairmen fur the ensuing year. Moved by Mr E Roberts, and seconded by Mr John Jenkins, that Mr John Jones, of Llanfair, be one of the vice-chairmen for the ensuing year. It was moved by Mr D Griffiths, and seconded by the Rev J Griffiths that Mr W CiuLner, of Llanarmon, be one of th3 vice-chairmen for the ensuing year, Mr John Jones expressed a wish to decline the office, ¡ but the guardians proceeded to vote and the Rev J Griffiths and Mr Chaloner were elected, the Rev J Grif- 1 (' fiths to take precedence. The Rev D Roberts moved that the Poor Law Board be requested to issue an order for the election ot a guardian for the parish of Llandyrnog. Carried, and the Clerk was instructed to make the application. 1 h. following guardians were then nominated ani appelated on the I visiting and finance commiit;e—Tuechaiimm and vie <- chairmen,ex-officio's; Mr Wm Lloyd, Ruthin; MrD Wood, Derwen; Mr D Griffiths, Llanfwrog; M J Jen- kins, Llanbedr; Mr R C Lewis, Llanrhydd; Mr R Smart, Ruthin; three to form a quorum. The Rev D Robeits enquired if it was not possible to have a small portion of the premises as the momnient room for the purposeof preserving orders for the removal of paupers. The Chairman then made the statement to which he had before referred, observing that he considered it his duty in the year 1856 to call the attention of the guard- ians to the increased, and as it appeared to him, increas- ing expenditure of the Union as compared with the year: 1853, a year in which the guardians had been very suc- cessful in reviewing the expenditure by f338 8a., as compared with the previous years. The Chairman then placed before the Board, not only the gross expenditure of the year 1856 as compared with 1853, but he also classed that expenditure under the following heads, namely, in-maintenance, out-relief, expenses connected with relief, law expenses, constables and expenses before magistrates, vaccination fees, registration tees, re-valu- ation of parishes, county and police rate, lists of voters, and jury lists. He then pointed out in which of the re pective items the expenditure had increased, and fur- ther in what particular parish, thus bringing the increased expenditure under the immediate notice of individual guardians with whom the responsibility might be sup- posed to rest in their respective localities. The guardians had met him in that spirit of kindness with which they alwavs did meet him, and each man turning his atten- tion to his own parish, the result bad been an annual decreasing expenditure from that time to the present, and he was now able through the kindness of the Clerk, to whoselabourti he was much indebted, to show them a a further decreased expenditure iu the year ending 25th of March, 1860, as compared with the year ending 25th March 1859, amounting to Y,440 9s 7d. There was also the gratifying fact of the decrease in the number of paupers lelieved, which would in some measure account for the reduced expenditure. There was also a decrease in the amount of the police and county rate items, over which they as guardians had no control, which he assured them were most anxiously looked after by the chairman of quarter sessions. The Clerk reported that he had made the application be had been requested to do respecting the rating of other workhouses and their out-buildings. He had re- ceived a reply from Holy well, which waa rated at £204 he had had no reply from St. Asaph. The cost of build- ing Holywell Workhouse was stated to have beentl2OO, but this was considered a mistake, as the building of the Ruthin Union Workhouse cost £ 6,500.
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Ihe Denbigh, Ruthin and Corwen Railway Bill pas- sed the third reading in the House of Commons on Friday week- ??????????_ I ]trlday week,
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THE YOTVFA IN SAVOY.-—The Moniteur publishes & telegrsphie despatch from Chambery announcing that the definitive resnU of the vote of Savoy wu proclaimed oa Sunday, by the Court of appeal, in the midst of the most enthusiastic cheers of the population. The numbers for annexatiou were 180,533, against 235; 4,610 having abstained from voting, and 11 bulletins were anil. An- other telegraphic despatch from Nice also states that the Royal Court bal ia like manaw .proclaimed the molt of (ho wto JWtttoi banc M almdr ittttd.
I THE HOARDING IN HIGH STREET.
I THE HOARDING IN HIGH STREET. Our readers will remember that some few months ago, the Borough Surveyor and a man in the employ of Mr Lockwood, builder, named Sarrett, were summoned before the County Magistrates, for obstructing the high- way, by erecting a hoarding in front of the offices of the Provincial Insurance Company, now in course of erec- tiou in High-street. The case against the Surveyor wao dismissed, but Sarrett was convicted. Against this decision Mr Lockwood gave notice of Appeal, and the case came on for hearing in the Court of Queeu'a Bench, on Wednesday last. The following summary appeared in the Times. SAUllATl (APPELLANT), AND BQADSHAW (BESPONnFXTV This was a case stated by Justices for the opinion of I this court, and which raised the question whether the appellant had been rightly convicted under the 72nd sec. or the Hzhway Act (the 5th aiiii 6 h Wm. 4th, cap. 60), ol 1 'ie t'lfi:i!e of wihullv oiistrnetiug a public high- way. The appellant had obtained tha peiuiissinii of the surveyor to the comniisiionerli appointed under lb.. 1, )L::i! Government Act (21st aud 22nd, Vict. cap. 98), to erect a hoarding in front of his house, in High-st,, Wrex. ham. This was complained of as an obstruction to the highway, and the justices held that it projected further into the highway than was necessary for the protection of the public, and so convicted the party of the offence of wilfully obstructing the highway. Mr Lush Q.C. (with whom was Mr Shaw) for the ap- pellant, now contended that the 7th section of the High- way Act was virtually repealed by the Local Govern- ment Act, and the Acts incorpoiated with it, viz, The Towns Improvement Act, (10;h and lhh Vet. cap. 34), and the Town's Clauses Police Art, (10th 11th, Vict. cap. 89), and even if that was not the case the appellant was not liable, inasmuch as he was licens. ed to erect the hoarding by the Local Commissioners. Lord Chief Justice Cockburn asked whether it was a wiiful obstruction of the highway, if the appellant erected the hoarding bona fide, and with the permission of the commissioners ? Must there not be a melts rea. Mr Williams (with whom was Mr Welsby) said, he should contend, if the appellant did the act intentionally, that was sufficient. If he encroached on the highway so as to obstruct the traffic, he violated the Act, notwith- standing the permission of the commissioneis. The question turned upon the construction of several Acts of Parliament, which the Legislature had ingen- iously entangled with one another, and after several hours spent in the endeavour to disentangle the thread, their Lordships came to the conclusion that it was impossible. As, however, the court was inclined to be equally divided in their opinion, their lordships affirmed the decision of the magistrates, but without costs. Mr Lush pressed to have the decision of the Court upon the construction of the statute, but Lord Chief Justice Cockburn said he thought the whole morning had been wasted and declined the invitation. I Conviction affirmed without cost s.
IMARKETS.
I MARKETS. WERXIIAII MARKET.-THCrRSDAY. s. d o d. White Wheat .I 9 3 9 It Red Wheat 8 II — II It Maltine Barley 6 6 — 7 0 Grinding Barlev. 4 9 — 5 :t Oats 3 9 S Potatoes per measuro 3 0 — a 6 Flukes 0 41 6 Butter 13 1 4 V)ees 9 for siio ■ Fowls, per couple 3 6 4 0 OSWESTRY CORY MARKET, WEDNESDAY. Wheat, 83 G d to Si 8J, barley, Cd to 7s OJ; oats 4s 0a to 4s (id. ELLESI,IE]ty"i CORN MARKET.—TUESDAT. White wheat, 75ibs 0s Od to 0s Od red ditto 81 Od to 8s 3d; barley, 3Sqts, 5i1 Od to 5.j ûd; oats, 48 lbs, 3s 94 to os Od. MARK LANE.—MONDAT. Last week's supply was very short of oats, and only moderate of wheat and other arain. The exports were 134 qrs oats. The wheat supply was 4,266 qrs English, 7,532 qrs ftoeign. The show of samples from Essex and Kent tbii moruine was moderate, but the improved state of the weather, and more quiet reports from the country pro- duced s>me reaction, sales of English on!y proceeding slowly, at a decline of one shilling to two shillings ? qr. On foreign so little was doing that prices were nominal. Uf country flour, there were 18,213 sucks, of foreign 781 sicks. Norfolka, though in some instance* held at 3Cs, '7ere only saleable at a reduction of Is per sack. For Preach and American there was scarcely any inquiry. Town qualities unchanged. The quantity of British barley was 1.502 qrs, the foreign 9,299 qrs. There was a bteady demand tor all good mircelSi at fully Monday's rates, there being but little on off-r. The Malt trade wgsqdiet, with- out improvement. Of oats the entire supply was only 7,827 qrs viz., 1,047 qrs English, no Scotch, 111 Irish, and 0,669 qrs foreign. The limited arrivals^ made holders film, but large buyers were generally leserved in expecta- tijn of better supplies. The business therefore was retail, at an occusiunri advance of 6d per qr. Of native beans there were 553 qrs, of foreign 830 qra. All sorts Were very firm, and prime qualities', both. English -and foreign, were ]a p-r qr higher. Of home-grown peas there were but 101 qts, of foreign none. The few samples offering sold will, at prices rather against buyers. MARK LANE CORN MARKET -WED,.wr&sD&Y. With continued fiae weather the wheat trade was ex. tremely dull, millers showing no disposition to bay; but oats aud all other spring corn a free sale at full prices. Arrivals: British wheat, 20^0; barley, 330; malt, 870; flour, so sacks. Irish oats, 300. Foreign wheat, 5030; barley, 1510; oats, 9560, flour, 900 sacks.— Kingsford and Lay's circular sava-14 Little English wheat fresh up, which was sold at about Monday's prices. Attendance very thin. Searceiv any business in any article. Prices nominally unaltered." GLASGOW CORN MARK ET.-MO' iDAY The market was firm, but business limited and prices unaltered. LIVERPOOL CORN MARKET.—TOBSDAT. We have had a fair attendance of millers and dealers at our corn exchange this morning, but the business passing has been quite on a retail scale, at a redaction 6f Id to 2d per cental on wheat, 6<1 per sack and buvol on HOllr, and fully 64 per quarter oq Indian corn, compared with Friday last. Oats and oatmeal slow sale at previous rates. The last. Oats and oatmeal slow b ans, peas, an d barlq. The same remark applies also to beans, peas, and barley. The day is warm and sunny. LIVERPOOL CATTLE MARIEBT.-Ito.NDAT. The supply of stock was larger than lalt Monday. Demand very slow for cattle, at much lower prices. There was no change in the value of mutton. Beef, 611 to 7jd per lb,; mutton, Sd to I Old. Number of cattle iu. the market—1.730 beasts, 5,999 sheep. LONDON CATTLE MARKET.—MONDAT. We were fairly supplied with foreign stock to-day, in but middling condition. Sales progressed slowly, at barely stationary prices. Tbesupply of home-fed beasta on offer this morning was seasonably good, both as to number and quality. For nearly all breeds the demand ruled inactive, and, in some instances, prices were lower than on Moiday last. The extreme value of the best Scots was 4s lOd per 81b. The arrivals from Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cam- bridgeshire amounted to about 2,660 Snots, Shorthorns, and crosses; from other parts of England, 650 of various breeds: from Scotland, 46 Scots and crosses. Compared with this day se'nnigbt, the show of sheep was moderate, but quite equal to the demand, which ruled steady, at full currencies, The best old downs in the wool realised 5s lOd, out of the wool, 5s per 8tb. We had a fair inquiry for lambs, the show of which was good, at full currencies, viz., from 51 61 to 7. per Sib, Calves supported last week's prices, but the sale for them was by no meant active. The park trade was steady, at previous quotations. LONDON PRODUCE MARKET.—MOSDAT, Sugar: A fair business, and the full currency paid for all descriptions. In coffee only a small business transacted privately to-day, but in the value no change has taken place since Friday. Tea: Demand improves, and souud. common congou is not to be obtained under Is 4d. per lb. Rice: Market has become quiet, and a amall reduction submitted to. Saltpetre is not in much request, and easiei rates are submitted to. Talldw: Dsmand limited, on thfc spot P. Y. C. can be obtained at 55s (id to 55s 9d &ad last. three months at 51s 9d. Oils: In linseed much done, and 2Ss 3d paid on the spot. A fair business in rape, and foreign refined not to be obtained under 42s. The value of fine palm is 46. GLASGOW PIG IRON MARKET.—THURSDAY. Our market opened firm but closed flat. A fair busi- ness was done at 53s 3d cash, and 549 3d. three months open, closing sellers 538 10gd. Nos. I and 3 G. M. B. 623. LONDON SEED MARKET.—MOXDAT. The demand for seeds during the past week has mater- ially fallen off, and the sales have been very slow of all varieties. Red seed remains without alteration in value. White seed is out of demand, and value uominsl. Trefoils are unchanged. Canary seed, with moderate supply, sells steadily, without change in value. NEWGATE AND LEADEN 11 iLL,-MoxD &r Per 81bs. the carcase. s. d. a. d s. d. a. d InfeHorbeef 2 10 3 3 1 Inferior mutton 4 0 4 Middling ditto 3 3 6 [ Middling ditto 4 6 4 8 Prime law do. 3 10 0| Prime ditto. 10 5 0 Do. small ditto 4 2 ¡ La.rge pork. 3 10 4 4; Veal 4 4 5 OtSmattpork 4 6 » 6 LONDON CATTLE MARKET—THURSDAY. Trade for best sheep and lambs dull, at 2d. per stone reduction, A deroanu for calves, at 2d. per stone advsnce. Weather fine. Beef 3s 8d to 4s gd. mutton 4s 4d to 5s 8d.; veal 5s to 5. 8d. pork 4s to 45 lOd.; lamb 6. 6d to 7s 2d. per lb. Beasts, 1,210; cows, 132; sheep aod lambs. 7,260; pigs, 210. Arrivals: Holland beasts 150, sheep 350, calves. 130 j Spanish beasts, 40. BIUMLNGHAM CORN MARKET-Thursday. Les supply of wheat from the farmers. Trade dull, ani prices Is. lower. Barley unaltered in value, but less in. request. Oats, beaus, aud peas rather higher. Weather tine. LONDON PRODUCE MARKET—THUBSDAY. Sugar: very firm, with fair business. Rfioed wanteed and low lumps not easily bought under 52s. Coffee purchases readily made, and currency full as high for native plantation Ceylon, Tea: sales limited; prices un- altered. Rice 31. lower than last week. Fair amount of business doinir. Saltpetre dull of sale; quotation* sustained with difficulty. Tallow. few buyers, andrat es easier.
IBANKRUPTS— JI'AIDAJR.
BANKRUPTS— JI'AIDAJR. Robert Spear Begie, Great Winchester-street, merchant; Jane Ansell, North Oekendjn, Essex, grocer. Edwin Henry Spark, late of Newmau-street, Oxford-street- James Wenham, Swaffham, Norfolk, watchmaker. John Thomas Rasaell, Northampton, linendraper. Ilamail Lambert juu., Stowopland, Stowmarket, steam thrasher. William Black, froipect-hoase, Charles-street, St. James road, Holloway, builden BANKRUPTS —TUESDAT. Edwin Henry Spark, 13, Heathcote-street, GrayVinn road, jeweller, Robert Dawson Clegg, and Frederiok An- gersteiu, 44, Friday-street, Cheapside, and 73, Fleet street dealers in atmospheris cloeks. William Pymar Goose* Downturn, Market. Norfolk, builder. Samuel Costling, Castle acre, Norfolk, butcher and cattla dealer. William Cooper, Cberitod, Southampton, builder. James Edward Claridge, Hill Croome, Worcestershire, and of Charl- borough, Oxfordshire, drmer and eattle salesman.
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Tæ 'W1Nt Cao1'!1.The young wheattf ate coaoid- ered to present, on the whole, a satisfactory ttppearanee in Norfolk, although the plant is backward and thin is soma places. Barley SOwb^ has not yet beep quite completed, but great-progress has boen made. The harvest will pro- bably, in oonscqudDce of the long continued severity of ti» winter and the backwardness of the spring, be rather latw than iMt year. but with fine weather and seasonable show- ers,. TCgatation will make rapid progress. A favourable change took place on Saturday, which was a bright mild day.. THE SOAROITT OF BOoTS AND FODD.14r l.me. Caird, tha well-known writer on agricultnril subjddk writes to the Timsthe unusual lateness of the su"o arid tie, extraordinary dearth of roots and fodder especiaUv iathe, North and West, and in Ireland, arc driving itocfc farmers to their .,ita' end for the mainleMnce of,sheep,, cattle and dairy stock. The cost, to which they havfcbeea put for purchasing ,M and corn is quite Uapreoedented, and the quantity of corn thus opnsumed will mdoabtecUjr enhance the price of bread, while the reduced condition of all kinds of stock will limit the supply of meat, butter, and cheese. An eatly"P:riftg would have been invaluably bat that bop* it tak The first remedy we ea* look for, is early gros. aa(l' it may be useful at ptesent. to remind farcoole. thvt young graas or seeda," and govi. meadow, may not only be greatly, increased in produce, but forwarded a fortnight or three weeks by the application of certain portable maiinres. The most aura in its action, either in dry or wet werftber, and probably, also the most rapid, is ttitiftte oEjbife have be?n buying it &t Liverpool use it pretty largely at the rate of 2 c-Wt an acre, Ogg-, lay can pay oetter I and at this priotf lt is nn$i»te«j ?*' cheapest manure in the market. Tbbaddition lime wig materially incfteaf? thp;preanhPt^t to be remqnerative this jeac, either Jør. gfMI time shonld be lost in applying fttemaMre. aot weather ia peculiarly fsvouraVlo-tb tb»iuoeee4rof'tltt nameasubeeafts,ifinordluiViismitiwwil now two Uadea ol gnu grow whsrs ow ptw Worvthat W*u» 1 ffiji 04 mm SuMy wofei 644 HapwtwW.*