Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
16 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
THE DISSOLUTION.- - I
THE DISSOLUTION. I Now that the public mind is so entirely absorbed with the important question of re- form we feel persuaded that our numerous readers will be more disposed to welcome than censure the frequency with which we have lately recurred to the subject. We are much indebted to the Derby ministry for the impetus they have imparted to the agitation by refusing to entertain the question of a resignation, preferring rather to stake their existence on the changes and chances of a dissolution. The progress which the question of reform must necessarily make by its ventilation on the platform, on the hustings, and in the numerous committees and conferences held throughout the country will be worth a whole seven years' session of parliamentary debating. Amongst the fruit already reaped as the result of the dissolution we have Lord John Russell's declaration that he will not obstruct the Ballot if the country will only cry out loud enough for its adoption. In Manchester they are likely to return as a coadiutor to Mr. Bazley, a gentleman wh o is considerably in advance of Mr. Bright himself. In a neigh- bouring city a gentleman who has all his life taken his stand as a Conservative comes for- ward as a candidate and unreservedly avows himself in favour of a R6 franchise in boroughs, and a 910 franchise in counties. The liberal programme of the Conservative excites the fears of one of the sitting members, a scion of one of the wealthiest families of the nobility of England,—who probably regarded his seat more as an heirloom than an honour conferred on him by the electors-and brings out the young Earl" as a canvasser and a platform orator. So far as we can learn from his speech, at the Albion Hotel, in Chester, we regret to sav, he does not outbid his Conservative competitor, but the pressure of circumstances has had considerable effect in compelling the son of one of our proudest peers to pay so large a tribute to public opinion as to conde- scend to pass through the trying ordeal to which the Cestrians hive alra.-idy put him. Like most of his order, we believe Earl Grosvenor has heretofore sought and obtained the suffrages of the electors of the city of Chester with but little personal effort. We regard the dissolution, too, with feelings of satisfaction, because it enables us to get rid of a parliament elected for the express purpose of supporting Lord Palmerston, regardless of his principles or his policy. The only cry was Palmerston, and his lordship looked upon the result with such perfect satisfaction that he immediately forgot the duties and respon- sibilities of the premier, and assumed the airs of the haughty autocrat. His supercilious conduct soon recoiled upon himself, and from being the idol of the House he became almost a nonentity. Still the character of the House remained essentially the same. Returned in a moment of national infatuation to keep in office a nominal liberal minister, it submitted to the ignominy of being ruled by a Conservative, it may be said to have had no character at all. The people now understand what they are fighting for, instead of "Palmerston or Nobody," it is "Reform or No reform." The issue is fairly before them, and if we can keep our rulers from meddling with the affairs of our neighbours at the present critical juncture, there will be nothing to abstract their atten- tion from it. There can be little doubt that the present appeal to the country will result in a majoiity adverse to the present administration. Conser- vatives themselves seem hardly disposed to ques- tion this. The battle will evidently be well fought, for we observe Conservative candidates starting up in all directions. The sinews of war are al- ready supplied with a lavish hand, and it is said that Earl Derby himself, notwithstanding his affected indifference to office, has headed the list of subscriptions for electioneering purposes, with a sum that would of itself be a handsome fortune. But in spite of all this we shall be much disappointed if Lord Derby's j appeal to the country does not return to par- liament a majority who will be disposed to settle the reform question upon a much broader basis than his lordship. The first trial of strength, we presume, will be an amendment on the address in response to the Queen's speech. Assuming that the Tories are thoroughly discomfitted, Lord John Russell will once again have the question entirely in his hands-probably the last chance he will ever have, and we trust he will be found equal to the occasion, and acquit himself in a manner worthy of his former efforts and victories in the great cause of reform.
ELECTION OF GUARDIANS. I
ELECTION OF GUARDIANS. I THURSDAY last was the first day for the new guardians to be fairly installed in ofifce. Per- haps there is no body corporate chosen upon popular principles, the election of which excites so little interest as the Board of Guardians. There are many even of the electors who do not know that there is a contest going on, many who do know are so indifferent to the issue that they will not take the trouble to fill up their voting papers and hand them to the collector when he calls. In nearly every other public electoral contest we are accustomed to indulge in a row, to roar, to bellow, to get drunk, and occasionally to throw brickbats at each other. Of course it is only where there is open voting that the whole of these exciting adjuncts are called into active requisition, but we regret to say we have witnessed the carry- ing out of some portion of these undignified proceedings even in our municipal election, where we have something like an approach to the ballot. Notwithstanding the quiescent nature of the election of guardians, these functionaries have important duties to perform, and a watchful intelligent guardian may do much to check the expenditure of his own township as well as exercise a salutary influence on the affairs of the whole Union. Theie has been during the last few years a marked improvement in the attendance of the guardians generally, at the same time we regret to observe that there has been a gofOWingo tendency to discard what we have always considered one of the leading features of the New Poor Law-we mean the test system." We happen to remember a case in point which will just illustrate our meaning. During the year ending Ladyday, 1850, a system of indiscriminate out door" relief was pursued in the parish of Hope, which left the parish some 9400 in debt to the Union with a heavy list of Workhouse inmates, while as much as 918 odd was being distri- buted weekly in out door relief. This was the state of things when Mr. Lloyd and Mr. Poyser came into office, both of whom fortu- nately entertaining the same views on Poor Law matters, instantly set to work to try if nothing could be done in the way of retrenchment. The "test principle was carried out in every case, except when illness or old-age mad e out door relief excusable or necessary. By strictly adhering to this plan the expenditure of the parish of Hope was reduced £400 in one year, and what at first sight may be deemed more remarkable still, the in-door expenditure di- minished in a like ratio. This is accounted for thus. In every Workhouse the majority of paupers is composed of perlons; who come in for a short time only to intimidate out door relief guardians. Remove the chance of suc- cess, and you rid yourself of the motive for intimidation.
- THE VACANT SEE OF BANGOR.…
THE VACANT SEE OF BANGOR. WE hope all our Welsh Members, or would be Members of Parliament, will impress upon Lord Derby the importance of appointing to Bangor a clergyman thoroughly acquainted with the ]!Vd8h language.
BOROUGH MAGISTRATES' COURT.…
BOROUGH MAGISTRATES' COURT. MONDAY, APRIL loth, 1859.-lietore ihomaa indg- worth, Esq., Mayor, and Capt. M'Coy. The only case before this court was that of a vagrant who had applied at the police station for a ticket of ad. mission to the Union, and was taken into custody in consequence of being insolent to the superintendent, and refusing to answer the questions that were put to him. He was discharged upon promising to go out of the town.
-COUNTY MAGISTRATES' COURT.…
COUNTY MAGISTRATES' COURT. MONDAY, APKIL 18, 18a9.—Before H. W. Meredith, Esq., chairman, Captain Panton, R.N., J. H. Foulkes, Esq., and B. T. Griffith, Esq. A SCENE AT THE TWENTY HOUSES.-This case oc- cupied the bench a considerable time, and included three assaults, all part and parcel of the same melee, and all of which were heard as one case. In the first charge Thomas Owen v. Thomas Roberts, Mr. Acton appeared for the complainant and Mr. Buckton for the defendant. Thos. Owen on being called said he was a blacksmith, residing at the Twenty Houses, Minera, and the defend- ant lives in the same row. He was in his daughter's house, on the 4th of April, about eleven o'clock at night, when the defendant came to the back door and asked him to let his son-in-law, William Williams to come out, he wanted to kill him. Failing to get in he went round to the front door. His son-in-law opened the door, and Roberts came in, and tried to put him on the fire. He afterwards knocked him several times with a table, and gave his daughter, Ellen Williams, two black eyes. In cross-examination witness denied that there was any bayonet used in the affray. Ellen Williams corroborated the above evidence and deposed as complainant that Roberts gave her two black eyes, denied that her father- used any bayonet, but admitted that she herself • • -1 xi i ? .ic 3 e* i did a little execution »mi wie bouga iu ocu-ueieuce. A girl named Cornelia Barratt gave corroborative evidence. The witnesses called for the defence were Hannah Jones, David Humphreys and Peter Williams, all deposed that a bayonet was used, and that Ellen Williams beat Peter William's wife with the tongs. Peter Williams, in the character of complainant, stated that Thomas Williams knocked him on the head in the affray three times with a bayonet. Mr. Acton called Bernard Bennett and Peter Davies to rebut the evidence in the last case, both of whom denied that any bayonet was used. Roberts was fined Ll each for the two first assaults, the bench deciding that the Inst was a mere chance medley. CKOSS-LANES.—Win. Griffith, beerhouse keeper, Cross Lanes, was summoned by P.O. Johnson, for unlawfully keeping his house open on Sunday, the 15th of April, befoie 5 o'clock, 'I he complainant stated that about 4 o'clock on the day in question he found four men drink- ing in the house. The defence made by Mr. Griffiths was that he had a cow calviog on that day, and having a good deal of trouble with her, he had got his neighbour, Mr. Ellis, his son, and two men to help him. and the least he could do was to give them a glass of ale. This was confirmed by Ellis and a man named W. Davies. The police officer in reply to the bench said he know nothing of this. Mr. Ellis said he walked with the po- liceman home, and explained it to him. The magis- trates cismissed the case, the chairman observing that the policeman had only done his duty.
MEETING OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENTI…
MEETING OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT I BOARD. -1 A local government board meeting of the council of this borough was held in the Council Chamber of the Guildhall, on Tuesday last at twelve o'clock present— Alderman Painter, (in the chair), Alderman Rowland; Councillors Bury, Clark, Bayley, Rogers, J. P. Hughes, Rowland, C. Hushes, Daniel Jones, and Griffith RATES.—The Town Clerk reported that at a special committee of the whole council a general district rate of one shilling in the pound had been agreed upon, and a highway rate of fourpence in the pound for the township of JEsclusham Below. It was also agreed that the tools, &c., belonging to Esclusbam Below within the bo- rough should be transferred to the borough surveyor. The Town Clerk said he had communicated the above resolution to the surveyors, but it had not yet been com- plied with. The chairman having asked if the whole of township of Esclusham Below was to be taken in, the Town Clerk replied that it would, and read an opinion of Mr. Taylor's to that effect. It was afterwards stated in conversation that the township reached to Hafod House, near Rnabon, and that it included Plas-grono, Hafody- bwcb, Pentrebychan, and Esless. REPORT OF THE BOROUGH SURVEYOR.—The follow- ing report from the Baiough Surveyor was next read :— To the Local Government Hoard for the District of the Borough of Wrexham. Gentlemen,—I have the honour to report to you that I have examined the county roads near and over the fol- lowing bridges-Pentrefelin, Pcnybryn, and Salop.road bridges, the cost of putting the same into repair will be as under- £ s. d. Pentrefelin 87 10 0 Annual Repair. 10 0 0 If Macadamized. 40 0 0 Annual Repair 15 0 0 Penybryn 45 0 0 Annual Repair. 17 0 0 Salop Roid Brid-e 42 0 0  15 0 0 Annual Repair 15 0 0 in the above estimates the walls and bridges are not included. I have also examined Henblas-street, and Sad that it will require to be re-paved; this I estimate i to cost £42 15s.; annual repair 16-tbis I would ad- vise the board to carry out with their own workmen.— I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your obedient ser- vant, MICHAEL GUMMOW, Surveyor." COUNTY ROADS WITHIJT THE BOHOUGH.—The next business on the notice paper was to receive an estimate of the expenses of repairing and maintaining the county roads within the borough and to enter into an agreement with the county surveyor for the board tak- ing the same upon themselves. After some conversation on this point the county surveyor, Mr. Penson, who was waiting outside, was called in. He said he attended in consequence of a note he had received from Mr. Gum- mow, the borough surveyor, with reference to the bridges and the roads leading to them within the jurisdiction of the borough. Mr. Penson then read extracts from the reports made by him, as county surveyor, to the court of quarter sessions at Ruthin at Christmas, and also in April, the result of which was that it had been agreed that the county roads situate within the borough of Wrexham should be given up to the authorities of the borough on terms to be hereafter agreed upon. After reading these extracts, the county surveyor said he was now in a position to contract for the county roads situ- ate within the borough leading over Pentrefelin bridjre, Ruabon bridge, and the Green bridge, and if the corpor- ation had gone so far he was prepared to contract for the King's Mills bridge. The "hairman Yon are aware, Mr. Penson, that the roads in question are in a bad state. Mr. Penson I am not aware of anything, Sir (laugh- ter.) Its for the council to say on what terms they will take these. If they think that there will be more than the customary amount wanted, he should be glad to know to what extent. He should be glad to meet the borough surveyor for the purpose of discussing the matter, and decide, if they could, what was required in order to put them in a proper state of repair, and what sum annually would be afterwards required for their maintenance ii such a state that he could certify as it would be his duty to do, that they were kept in proper order. The chairman wished to know whether the county would put the roads in a proper state of re- pair before they handed them over, or would they allow somet hing for doing so. The county surveyor said they should prefer stipulating with the corporation to do so. The chairman wished to know how they were to agree as to what was necessary to be done-was it by the bo- rough surveyor meeting him (the county surveyor) for that purpose ? The county surveyor said he thought it would be the most facile course for two practical men to meet and deliberate what was best to be done. If they agreed the matter would then come before the council for their sanction-if they differed, then the matter must be submitted to some other body. He bad no doubt when these roads were in the hands of the coun- cil they would be well looked after. Gentlemen who bad shown such aptness in detecting faults he felt as- sured would be equally ready to remedy them. The chairman: Can you state Mr. Penson, what you could allow annually for keeping them in repair; The county surveyor: I think it would be desirable to leave that to the same arrangement as the first cost of repairing. This was agreed to. After some further conversation the chairman said he understood that he (the cjunty sur- veyor) objected to the Macadamizing of the road leading to Pentrefelin bridge. The county surveyor reDlied that the people in that part were not the cleanliest in the world. They were in the habit of throwing out their slops, and the portion of the road batween the bridges was rather flat. On that account he strongly advised that it should be paved. He had no objection to the hill being Macadamized. Alter further conversation it was agreed on the motion of Mr. C. Hughes, seconded by Mr. J. P. Hughes, that the borough surveyor meet the county surveyor for the purpose of conferring upon these matters. HENBLAS STREET, &c.-A conversation next took place in reference to the repair of Henblas-street, which the borough surveyor had reported could be repaired for £ 42 15s. Mr. Rogers suggested that the channels should be paved with the square blocks from Penmaenmawr. They might do so in this instance as a kind of experi- ment to see how they liked them and what the expense would be. Several members were for delaying the re- pairs in question for a time, but the Town Clerk said they must establish some public works before they could make a district rate to include highway repairs. The question being raised as to whether it would no be best to Macadamize Hen bias-treet, the borough surveyor said he preferred Macadamizing to paving in all places unless square sets were used. It was ultimately agreed on the motion of Mr. Griffith, seconded by Mr. Daniel Jones, that the channels in Henblas-street be laid with square sets, the centre to be Macadamized. GENERAL DISTRICT RATE.—The next business on the paper was to make a general district rate for the district or a portion of the district. The Town Clerk said there must be an estimate which must be open for the inspec- tion of the ratepayers seven days previous to the making of the rate. It was thought that a shilling in the pound would be wanted, but he thought they would not require 80 much, as the estimate would not include the salaries, th th the act giving them the power to make a retrosDective rate for six months. Mr. Bury agreed that it was bet- ter not to include the salaries in the present estimate. The rate was agreed to on the motion of Mr. Clark: seconded by Mr. J. P. Hughes. At the suggestion of the Town Clerk it was next proposed by Mr. C. Hughes, and seconded by Mr. Rowland, that Mr. Higgins be em- ployed to take A copy of the poor rate book within the OWNERS AND OCCUPIERS.-The next business on the paper was To order that the owner instead of the oc- cupier be rated in the case mentioned in the act and to fix the maximum not exceeding .£10 of the rateable value of owners assessment and to fix the amount of re- duced estimate." After some discussion it was resolved on the motion of Mr Daniel Jones, seconded by Mr J. P. Hughes, that when the rateable value doea not ex- ceed £6, the rates be paid by the owners and not by the occupier, except lands, woodlands, or nurseries. HIGHWAY HATF,rhe making of a Highway Rate for the Township of Esclusham Below was postponed. INSPECTOR OF N-UISANCEs,-The Town Clerk read a letter from the present Inspector of Nuisances, express- ing his willingness to resign any time the Nuisance Removal Committee might think pr. per. The Town Clerk said it would be desirable to unite the offices of Surveyor and Inspector of N uisance, an opinion in which all present appeared to concur. After some con- versation it was resolved on the motion of Mr Daniel Jones, seconded by Mr Bayley, that Mr Gummow be requested to state what he will perform the duties of Surveyor and Inspector of Nuisances for. ADDITIONAL PREMISES.—The consideration of this point was adjourned to the next meeting, the board to consider in the meantime what additional rooms they would require, and to apprize Mr Griffith, the owner of the Guildhall, of the same. TOWN H&LL CLOCK—The letter from Mr Heywood in reference to the Town Hall clock read at the last board meeting by Alderman Painter was read to-day again by the Town Clerk. It was resolved on the mo- tion of Mr Griffith, seconded by Mr Rowland, that Mr Heywood be requested to state what sum per annum he would undertake the care and management of the clock for. NAMING OF THE STREETS AND NUMBERING OF THE IlousEs.-It was agreed on the motion of Mr Griffith, i -«« i r i .1 i j1 "t O I seconded by Mr Bayley tnat tne uorougn surveyor De requested to report as to the best mode of naming the streets and numbering the houses. The Town Clerk reported that the Surveyor of Wrexham Regis had paid over an unappropriated ba- lance amounting to X33 Is 7d. On the motion of Mr C. Hughe*, seconded by Mr Rogers, it was agreed that the sum of £10 be advanced to the Borough Surveyor for the purpose of paying the men, Mr Rowland ob- served that he hoped they should have the streets well watered now. Mr Griffith said they had been done tor less money last year than ever they had been done be- fore. Mr Rowland said they were done very badly. This COLcluded the business of the meeting.
WREXHAM BOARD OF GUARDIANS.…
WREXHAM BOARD OF GUARDIANS. I THUHSDAY, APRIL 21, 1859. I I Present—Captain Panton, R.N. (chairman) Mr Chal- oner and Captain M'Coy, vice-chairmen; Sir W. W. Wynn, Bart., and H. W. Meredith, Esq, ex-officios Messrs. Manley, Burton; Parsonage, Marchwiel, Bur. tun, Minera, Lewis, Pickhill; Wright, Ruabon Roberts, Ruabon; Jones, Ruabon; Bott, Stansty; Hughes, Esclusham Below; Duckworth, Abenbury Fechan; Woolrich, Marford and Hoseley Whaley, Al- lington Brough, Esclusham Above Dixon, Sesswick; Parsonage, Dutton Diffeth Roberts, Borras Hovah j Lester, Bersham. ELECTION OF CHAIRMAN. I Ueiore the commencement 01 We general business the chairman intimated that that was the first meeting of the new board, and that their first duty would be to elect a chairman-then vacated the chair, which at the request of the board, was occupied pro. tern, by Sir Watkin. Captain M'Coy then rose to propose the re-election of Captain Panton. lie said he had the pleasure of pro- posing Captain Panton to be chairman last year, and now that the duty had devolved upon him again he perform- ed it with equal if not greater pleasure than on the for- mer occasion. They were deeply indebted to him for the able and impartial manner in which he had per- formed his duties during the past year, and he felt con- fident that they could not do better than elect him again. (Cheers.) Mr. Brough rose to second the nomination. He said he was glad of the opportunity of doing so, feeling as he did that all of them must be perfectly satisfied with the way in which Captain Panton had ruled over them for several years. During the whole period of his chair- manship be was not aware of one single mistake he had made or that he had led the board into any error They could not make a better selection if they went into the three counties (cheers.) From the experience they had had of Capt. Panton, as chairman, he felt assured that his re-election would be unanimous (loud cheers.) Captain Panton on returning to the chuir eaid that they had done him the honour of electing him their chairman for six successive years. He had endeavoured during the whole of that period to administer the law to the best of his ability-to do justice to all classes con- cerned-and it would appear he had done so to their satisfaction. He should follow the same course through- out the ensuing year, and he trusted he should give the same satisfaction (cheers.) ELECTION OF VICE-CHAIRMEN. I Mr. Brough then proposed Mr. Chaloner as one of their vice-chairmen during the ensuing year. He had discharged his duties in a very satisfactory manner in that capacity during the past year, and no doubt he would do so again. Mr. Whaley seconded the nomina- tion. Mr. Manley then proposed Captain M'Coy as the other vice-chairman, whereupon r. Brough rose and t said that he should have coupled the name of (Japtain M'Coy with that of Mr. Chaloner, but he felt some dif- fidence in doing so because he had learnt that Captain M'Coy represented three different townships. lie had a very high opinion of Captain M'Coy himself, who Lad been very assiduous in the discharge of his duties, and had made himself master of the business of the beard, much more, perhaps, than some who had been guard- ians a much longer time but he thought the duties of vice-ohairman combined with the duties of representing three townships was rather too much for one and the same man. Captain M'Coy agreed with Mr. Brough, and said he intended to havs advised Mr. Manley to withdraw his motion. Mr. Manley then withdrew his motion. The chairman said there was no reason for withdraw- ing the motion, when Air. Manley put his motion again, which was seconded and carried with only one dis- sentient. VISITING THE DEAD. A letter was read from Mr. Eyton, one of the medical officers of the Union, stating that he was sorry he had made an entry of visiting Sarah Davies after she was dead, but ho would take care such a thing did not hap- pen again (laughter.) I" MR. BOWLANH'3 EXPLANATION. L H -1 ? 11 1 ?. l l ??- r ine ioiiowmg letter was reau oy me tiers; irom Air. Rowland, medical officer to the Woriihouse Dear Sir-In reply to your letter, I deny that I neglect or refuse to attend to the sick paupers in the Workhouse. With regard to my assistant occasionally aiding me in the duties of the Infirmary department, you must recol- lect that I declined taking the appointment unless I' was permitted the aid of my assistant when required. The guardians concurred and allowed the privilege, which is of more advantage to the paupers than to my- self, as there are no paid or experienced nurses to see that my treatment and insti uctions are carried out. The assistant's attendance there, is for no other purpose. No medical officer, even if resident in the Workhouse, could do without some such assistance. The guardians, I think, can have no idea of the amount of work per- formed by the medical officer; therefore, I send you a list of the medicines only supplied for the last twelve months, exclusive of attendance, operations, dressings, &c., &c. I am, Sir, yours truly, WM. ROWLAND." The clerk then held up the list of medicines alluded to in Mr Rowland's letter and asked if the guardians would like to hear it read, which they begged to decline The chairman said Mr Rowland's letter was not an answer to the communication of the board. As they were aware, on the 7th of April, a man named Lemington, met with a very serious accident, in consequence of which he was brought into the house, and the master sent for the medical officer. He did not come himself, but sent two persons, named Roach and Edisbury. Tht man was visited again the next day by Roach and Edisbury, and according to the porter's boob, the medical officer did not appear to have visited Leamington until the ninth of April, consequently two days expired before this man was seen by the medical officer. The clerk, at the request of the chair- man having read his letter to Mr. Rowland, the chair- man observed that Mr. Rowland's reply was not satis- factory. It had been laid down by the Poor Law Board and also by the Commissioner, in the case of Mr Lewis, clearly and distinctly, that the medical officers were to visit their patients personally or by their known as- sistant. He should recommend that Mr. Rowland be written to stating that his reply was not satisfactory, and if the matter was not satisfactorily settled then he should move that it be referred to the Poor Law Bo ird. Sir Watkin thought the letter sent to Air. Rowland was of toe general a character and that it ought to have alluded to the specific case out of which it had arisen. The Clerk said he bad written in accordance vith his instructions and the resolution passed at the board. Captain M'Coy said the board had agreed to put the matter to the Medical Officer in that general way, be- cause they had found in looking over the Porter's Book that three other individuals had been in the habit of visiting the patients for some time, in consequence of which the clerk was instructed to write to Mr Mr Row- land asking him why he neglected to visit his patients hitrself. After some conversation it was suggested bv Mr Chaloner that Mr Rowland should be requested to attend the board next Thursday, which was agreed to. REPRESENTING A PLURALITY OF TOWNSHIPS —Mr Jonathan Jones moved that a memorandum be made re- commending candidates when they are elected for more than one township not to accept the same. Thi- O r.ir- man replied that the board had nothing to do with the matter.
[No title]
Sir W. W. Wynn is now on a visit at Plas Machyn- Heth, the seat of the Right Hon. the Earl Vane, being his first visit to this part of the country since his return from the Continent. GROVE PARK.—We observe there are now some signs of carrying out the further improvements in Grove Park A number of trees have been cut down in that part of the park immediately abutting on the north-east end of King-street, for the purpose of opening a road from thence to the centre of Grove-street. The remaining portion of the park, including the house, is now adver- tised for sale, CHESTER CHEESE FAIR.—This fair was held last Wednesday, the 20th inst. The quantity pitched for sale was decidedly above the average and above the general expectation. Prices, therefore, were hardly so favourable to the seller, and ranged from 58s to 63s for ripe latter makes, and from 65s to 70s for large cheese of fine quality. An entire dairy, in one instance, fetched 78s—hkw1* to the ggrgasQ of the 4 \1n. f THE POTATOE MARKET.—On Thursday week such was the large supply of potatoes in our market that the carts reached the whole length of Queen-street, and up Rhos ddu-road to the Vicar's back gate, and a portion of the way down Henblas str.-et. There was also an extraordinary supply on Thursday last, and a con-ider- able reduction in price. The now arrangement of the potatoe market appears to give satisfaction to all parties. THE COLLIERS' STRIKE.—A large body of colliers paraded our leading streets on Thursday last, drawing a large waggon load of coal. After making the most of it in this wav, they disposed of it to Mr Pugh, of the Town Hill Vaults, who ha! it deposited in the cellar of his branch stores, in Hope-street. THE YOUNG MEN'S CHRIKTIAN ASSOCIATION.- -On Wi-dnesdav evening last, a paper was read to this society I by Mr T. Roberts on the somewhat hackneyed subject —" The Influence of Example" The subject was treated with great lucidity, and illustrated in a very pleasing manner. Our readers will be pleased to know that the c< nteinplated library in connection with this association is favourablv received—for in addition to the first donations—some three or four dozen volumes were presented to it this week, with some good promises. 1bree honorary members have als) patroimed this in- stitution. Mr W. Jackson is the librarian, pro tem, wLo will be glad to receive books or donations in furtherance of this laudable object. MEDALS OF THE WREXHAM EISTEDDVOD.—We would call attention to the medals to be awarded in this Eis- teddvod, which have been shown in Mr Heywood's window during the pist week. They are made of silver having engraved upon them the Welsh Plume of Fea- thers, and an appropriate inscription they are cased in morocco boxes, lined with white satin; technically speaking, they are well got up," and do Mr Heywood great credit, and say much for the liberality of the pro- moters of this national institution. ———————————————_————————— —————————
ITHE AUDITOR AND THE CJUNTY…
THE AUDITOR AND THE CJUNTY MAGIS- TRATES. Court of Queen's Bench, April 18. ( E xtract from the Times.) Mr Malcolm Kerr moved for a rule, calling upon cer- tain Justices of Denbighshire, and two other persons named Hughes and Jones, who were the overseers of the parish of Bersham, to show cause why a rule for a mandamus should not issue, commanding the justices to issue their warrant to levy the sum of C58 Os 2d upon their goods of the said overseers. It appeared frum the statement made by the learned course!, that the Poor- law Auditor had examined the accounts of the said over. seers, and bad certified that the sum of jE58 Os 2d wis unaccounted for by them. He then caused them to be summoned before the magistrates for not paying over the amount which they ought to have done in seven days, they having taken no steps to set aside the certi- cate; but the magistrates thinking that it was a hard- ship upon the overseers, took upon themselves to act judicially, and dismissed the complaint, with costs. Lord Campbell-Considering themselves a court of appeal from the auditors ? Mr Kerr-Yes. Lord Campbell-You say the auditor had adjudged that that amount was due ? Mr Kerr said that was so, and he contended that the duty of the magistrates was merely ministerial, and as the overseers took no steps under the statute-the 11th 12th of Viutoria-to set aside the certificate, the magis- trates were bound to issue their warrant. Lord Campbell —You may take a rule Rule nisi granted.
ELLESMERE.-I
ELLESMERE. I We understand the Rev. G. S. Masters, incumbent of WelBhampton, has been preferred to the living of i Twickenham, Berkshire, by the Dean and Chapter of |J Windsor. The office of matron of this Union Workhouse having recently become vacant by the appointment of l',1 rs. George to a similar situation at W hit. hureh, the guar- dians have unanimously seie.;ted Mrs. Piito.'tard, wife ol the present respected nastor, to till the olii e without nnrnnAtltinn wuui y w" wu.w- OSWESTUY. NORTH SHROPSHIRE ELECTION.—FFMALE INTIMI- DATION.—A lady, who lias been canvassing tt.r one of the candidates here, called at the shop of one of the largest tradesmen in this town, one day this week, and was told that it was his intention to vote for her candi- date and Sir Baldwin, when she replied that unless he gave a plumper for the one she had solicited, herself and family should never d(-,il at his shop again. Th;s is ii,. supposition. but a pa&itice fact! and a very faict the terms" frce and independent" must imply, whi n tl!t largest tradesmen in the town are to he at tne back au-I call of any arist crItic oust iner, and dare not lrive a will of tneir own, and exeieiso it, without satiifiein;; their prosperity in trade by voting as their const-it-nccs dictate
ELECTION INTELLIGENCE.
ELECTION INTELLIGENCE. CARNARVONSHIRE BOROUGHS.—In consequence of Mr Hughes having admitted the ballut into his political creed, the intended Liberal candidate, Mr Oaborno Mor- gan, barrister, retires. A stirring contest is expected between Mr Hughes and Mr Charges Wynne, of Ctfn Amlwch, Conservative. MANCHESTER.—Mr Abel Heywood has addressed the electors, and pledged himself to go to the poll, against Messrs Turner and Bazley. ILi is an advanced iiadicai of the Manchester school. BOLTON.—Mr Thomas Thomasson has by request placed himself in the hands of the Refoimers. Mr Crook, M.P., has declined to again himself. Mr. Barnes stands against Mr Grey, the Conservative. ROCHDALE.-The fullo%virt letter sets at rest the ques- tion of Mr Cobden's intention to 3it if elected. It was addressed by that gentleman to his brother-in-law, in a letter just previous to his departure for Ariieriea Athenaeum, London, Feb. 7, 1859,—My dear Sale,- People say we shall hava a dissolution during my ab- sence, but I do not believe it mfself, especially so early as May, when I intend to be at ho ne j hue as it may s) happen, I think I ought not to leave without again say- ing, I am pledged, through my friend, Charles Walker, to the electors of Rochdale. You can USL this as you think best.- Yours, in haste, R. COBDEX." TAMWORTH.—Sir Robert reel a id Yiscount, Riynham are prosecuting their canvabs. Mr Daniel, the Conser- vative, declares his intention of going to the poll. LANCASHIRE (SOUTH).—A meeting of the Liberal candidates' committee for the Sal ford hundred was held on Thursday week, at Newall's-buildings, Manchester, and was numerously attended. Mr G. Wilson, who presided, stated that 1,500 pledges had already been re- ceived by Messrs Cheetham and Heywood in this hun- dred alone. Committees were appointed in the various polling districts, and an active canvass will bo commen- ced immediately. Mr W. J. Legh, ofGilborne-prk, ha? issued an address to the freeholders as a Conservative colleague for MrEgerton. WEST RIDING.—Mr Stuart Wortley is now fairly in the field as a candidate. lie met his Tory supporters at Wakefield on Friday, and felt the necessity of explainin"- to them the cause of his accepting office under Lord Palmerston's Government. Th<i cause he a-siaiiid j the singular incongruities of party which had arisen, ami the notorious Conservatism of Lord Palmerston's nolicv. He then made this striking declaration: —"He believed' he said, 14 that the time would come wlm if any violent b at receii! l v measure of reform, such as that recently preaohed in this county, and the neighbouring county of Lancashire was proposed, they would find Lord Palmerston ranged on their (the Conservative) side." The Liberals claim a majority of 4,000 on the register; but as there has been no contest since 1S48, when Mr Edmund lieaison the present member, was elected over the Liberal can- didate (Sir Culling Eardley) by a majority of 1-1,713 to 11,795, it is very questionable how far they are correct in their estimate. The number of electors on the regis- ter in 1848 was 35,280, including duplicates and death?, so that the present register contains about 1,720 moic names than the one when the last battle of paity strength was fought in this Riding. It is expected tiiat nearly all the landed proprietors will vote for liuuis len and Wortley, Mr Crosslcy's political opinions bei-i1: too 1;1- Lal to w.t'a their coa:r.t«n .:i cury savs --I' In Sir John. William Uamsaeu the interest is fitly and worthily represented. Mr Crossley will represent the manufacturing industry. And it would be as inappropriato to reject a msuiufacturer for an aristocratic lawyer, Ps to reject at this crisis a decid- ed Reformer for an Anti-Reformer or a waverer. No condemnation can be too emphatic for the West Ricling to pronounce on Lord Derby's wretched Reform Bill and that condemnation would not be expresecl in the return of Mr Wortley." On Monday, Sir J. \Y Ram, den and Mr F. Crossley commenced their canvass and at noon appeared before a meeting of the electors of the Bradford polling district in St. George's iliil, in that town. There were about 3,000 persons present, and the candidates met with a most hearty reception. After Sir John Ramsden and Mr Crossley had adJressed the meet- ing, tAo or three questions were asked them, which eli. cited satisfactory replies, an-t a. resjlution approving the claims of the candidates was adopted. BIRMINGHAM. —The hour and the man have come at fist. We are to have a fight after all, and so far as the Liberal pirty is concerned we can promise that it will be fought with goodwill. Aftjr s^arehin^ Pverl no k and cranny where the ghost of a Liberal candidate nre- sented itself, and finding no man with a sp-trk of Lib\.raI principle in his composition to lend himself to the c a- lition, the Tory party took the matter in band, and hav- ing the run ot more nnHe?bte stuff than their wlno- friends, and not being quite so particular a? to the colour of the creed, they have dug up a Somersutshire 'squire, yclept Thomas Dyke Aeland, who was member for West Somerset for ten years, an out-and-out Tory at the general election in 1837, a Liberal-Conservative in 1S41. How many changes he may have passed through since, and what particular shade of Toryism he has now assumed, we shall probably know before the ay is far advanced. At any rate, this i the gentleman fur whom the Liberals of Birmingham nrrt tn h» ir„ ) N .Ju,jU. Lv ,Ut.t:. -LLC is brought here in the insane notion that a score of those who honourably enjoy the title will accept this thrice- diluted and nondescript changeling, who in the present dearth of even passable candidates has been without an offer of a constituency of any kind, until the Birming- ham Tories, driven to their wits' end, determined to have him rather than nobody. Happy eons'mienoy to be thus honoured. Blissful ignorance the gentleman enjoys of town hall meetings, and rough woik of ward canvassing. Before he leaves the comfortable roof tree of the Hen and Chickens for his Somersetshire home, whatever else he may have lost, he will have at least improved his knowledge of the humour, and the earnest- 1 ness too, of a popular constituency. While we write, I the process of hatching an address suited to this meri- dian is proceeding. An :tccom:nod?iag Torv and thno I shrewd Whigs are sitting upon it. The result of the incubation, considering the breed of the mother hen, and i the assistant accoucheurs, will be a political curiosity. Birmingham Post.
Advertising
CAPTAIN CARNEGIE, AXD Sin J. PACING TON-.—Ca->- tain Carnegie, late one of the Lords of the Admiralty, has written a letter to Sir John Pakington in which he states that he has read with feelings of surprise and indignation" the ungenerous taunts levelled by the First Lord of the Atlmiralty at an absent man and former col- league when the questiou of his formal resignation was brought before the House of Commons. Captain Car- negic admits that he took office with the understanding that he should endeavour to obtain a seat in Parliament as early as possible, and that he expressed his readi- ness to start for any place that offered him a fair and reasonable prospect of success." He also states that from the moment of joining the Board of Admiralty he had not lost a single opportunity of endeavouring to ful- fil his portion of the understanding. When tilers was a Prospect of a vacancy for Portsmouth, he expressed his w/Utngness to undertake the contest, and as the vacancy did not occur he placed himself in communication with Dartmouth and other places. Again, says the Captain, addressing his former chief—'• When a dissolution was announced you spoke to me upon the subject, and men- tioned Dover. Devonport wa alluded to, bat by some one else. In replying tj the latter suggestion, I stated my opinion that it would be impossible for any Govern- ment candidate to contest Devonport with any ho¡,c of success, as I could not suppose that the dockyard h- bourers to be disqualified by the Reform Bill, would support a nominee sent down by a Government; thnt h,1 determined to deprive thern of their franchise. Now with regard to Dover, which you pressed upon me I had previously been requested to allow myself to be riut in nomination for this borough, but the information that I received from numerous quarters made me doubt the propriety of such a course, and this opinion I freely ex- pressed whenever the subject was mentioned to me by those who recommended it. On the morninc of Wed- nesday, the 6th of April, I announced to you, through the ordinary means of communication between a chief and his subordinate, that Dover was a place which I coull hardly expect to contest with success, but I added that I had hopus elsewhere, and that an interval of 21 hours would enable me to ascertain whether the repoits from another place were sufficiently favourable tt) war- ran: me standing for it To this remark of mine you left he roo to attend (I believe) a Cabinet, while I left n i the p irpose of tendering my resignation of an office "Ju,. Io uld no longer wish to hold under such an imputation. Thut offer of resignation mu:-t have been communicated to you on your return the some day, f,r you then sent f..r me, and, after alluding to it, and expressing your regret for having made use of hasty words, you still strongly urged me to stand for Dover, and stated that Lord Derby coincided with your opinion I then informed you of the political difficulties which attended the representation of Dover, and mentioned the awkwurd circumstances in which I should be placed if I went to Dover, with the Government Reform Bill tied like a millstone round my neck. But these political ob. jections were not the only ones I forsaw I should have to encounter; it was very soon made clear to mo that there was only one possible method by which either of the sitting members for Dover could be deprived of his seat, and this was a course I could not condescend to adopt. DEATH OP MACKAY, THE CELEBRATED PIPEr,)ilr. Angus Macay, formerly piper to Her Majesty, has been accidentally drowned in the river Nith, Dumfriesshire. Mackay was of a race of hereditary pipers who obtained their instructions at the once-celebrated college of the Mac Craimius, in the Isle of Skye, which has been swept away in the changes produced by the altered state ?f SaelrjretL- ?he Gaelic orthography of his name is
! LATEST MARKETS. I
LATEST MARKETS. I WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET—Yesterday. Owing to contrary finds we have very few arrivals. Wheat iield f;>rfull prices, but owinir ci.'f flv to the mar- ket being: Kid < lf tho UMial day the demand is mt ac- tive. Barley steady, iieans rather dearer. in uats and I),- e. BIRMINGHAM CORN MARKET—Thursday. Limited supply of wheat and higher prises demanded but sales mad: at. only Is. per qr. above last week. liar- Itoy in improved demand. Oats rather dearer. Beans and peas advance 1, per qr. GI ASGOW PIG IRON.—Yest-rdav. Our pig iiou mrrket has been steady, and a good busi- n(,ss was ol,Is 6?l <'ash. ct-sn? sellers; b??ra ,)I 31 Nos ■> l s 31 Nos 1 and 3 G.M LS.. ols « i
Family Notices
.'HUT IIS. On thisISfh inst,at Boi-r t-i il.ivah. the wif:> of Sir William Goo ifellow, i armi-r, ot a ti.-iu si;lia\ On Ill" 22,d un. at Coedooeth, tlic wife of Mr John Ito^ers, Grocer of a son. Oil the I3lh uit, at iWoiMt-stve.efr, the wife Mr Patrick .laiiies Mefiermnit, Marine dialer, of a son. Oil the 7th instant, at AlienSutry the wile of Mr Samuel i i'/ht. jA/r.u: Manner oT a *o i. (,'n lhe Kith hist, at the doss. JirouLditon, the wife of John Uavks, pattern i>.nk, i. of a son. •MA !< Kt \GES. (i'l the l.»th histMit. in lhe |).irish eliure'i, fJIvn Traian, by the liee*, inciimb'-ur. Mr John H'ims. of J'ias Onn.to Jane. el'ieM, d;nn:litei- of Mr i/vau r"arry, of Tyn'ddol, both ot the pM'iah ot <lyn Xraian. "u the 19! h i.Laut, ilL Liaitgt-iiwi-i, by t io Ttev 1J11;;h Heat on, Mr George Wituy, of Tauyliwm, to iliss S. Sauls, cf lh« si—u )>ice. (Ill the 16th m-dant, <it the W esleyao Chapel, Ltaufyliin, by the Rev. Samti I ;ir Thouias Maddock*. Tycerritr, I to Lii/i, daughter ot the !a'e .Mr J. Jones, Llechineddu, both ot' the parish of Lanfylim- Oil the 14th instant, at St..John's ehur::h, Chester, by the Rev. \V. B. Maixien, virir, .Mr John L'atfin, to saraii, second daughter of Mr w". il. 3lover, oil merchant, both of iore^i'te-ftreet. Chester. On :lie 1 £ ><li in.M. at ilie ir,irKh cnure'i. V(\ )iy tho Rev C. J!ii<l, 3i. Mr enrge < Jrillii.li>, farmer, of Worthenburv, Flintshire, to Elizitb' tit ;liii'-u:is, ot W'einXorthwjoJ Shrop- shire. DEATHS. On the liith instant. a~od S3, at !i">- re-it!e:;ee, Yv'i'low- street, Oswestry, ilar; relic: of tho he -\lr Lei^b, of llordley. Oil the 14th inst, aired C3, at her red leuee, Albert Place, Oswestry. Jlartiu, reiict of tiie .at.J .if JJdward Edwards, of the Unicorn Inn, Oswestry. On the 11th iiirt. at her residence, Low-hill, Liverpool ::ged 76, Hannah, rciice of the Lite iiieh trd llar;i ;r, i-jsq. Un tilC liitli inst..suddenly,at l'uiistnl Rectory, ill the 71til year oi his iiji", the licv i'lioiuas Gerard t'crra.id, 45 years rector of the above parish. On tne 14tli iiet. ilarry Cccil, only son of Edward C. Wal- ker, Est). Chester. On the litii iost. at 50, Berkeley-square, London, the iloii Elizabeth Cuiz m, uau:h!1.0¡ tile late VISCJ-I II. CLLCZ Jil, ia the 91s! year o.' her a_e. On the 19th inssc. in St Jaiues's-street Chester, ael GO Sarah AieaeocK, wife of Air Jleaeoek, formerly eowk';eper in Liver,100I. oil the ISth inst at Til a rr.ji; PhG. LhirV/iTOi; Ruthin, after a fciiort illness,axed 38. Catherine, the wile of Mr F. F. Jones. Auctioneer. On the IGthinst. -Vr Willia 11 Jono Innlceeppr, South-sea On the 17th inst. ?dr Henry LiLViis, li vicii Gwyn On the IStn iustau:, ;lr T;i0.a;is liogers, Blast Row, Brymbo. 011 the 14th instant, in the 78th year of her ago Mrs Elizabeth Jones widow, Chester-street, of this town. On the lith inst. at the Beast Market, Alice, widow or Edward Davies, a sheriff's Oiiicer, ajred To years. On the 17th inst. at Grove hark, Lousia Blanche, daughter of James Parkin, Esq., agt-d S months. Oil the IOLIL inst. at Gwersyllt, Mr William Clarke, but- cher r.;r! fir.ner, H'lcil 02. 0:1 the :ZSL il!s, it -,I, Sam.t'jl Gibbous Blacksmith, ured ">i y.-ar.->. Jll the l. tli ins; ».c .'ierr. Tlova'i, Mary Martha, infant dau-htef of Go-J-ilello-.v, L-aiM-e: 0.. the 19"11 iist. at Ty liir Minera, .Mr Henry Davies, Parmer, a!i; 6j.
Advertising
J U s T i> U B L 1 S 11 K D Price Is. Gil.. Fenp 8vo., with Illustrations, AllISTOllY OF "Wll'iX'IAM aad i?s Neighbourhood ?X. BY .Jun JOr:, E?Q. &OL!C)TOH. Containing also a Directory ol' the town and surround- ing Works and Companies. "TIn year is I that sweut spriua; tiino which begins to set Tourist* af-)..t« am .a- p! icoi lor natural beauty, for srreac men. or t.ir iai'0 dee U. Alt sao-i who are inclilled to pass into tiio vicinity of Wn-xhun will find a. use- ful f-uiue in .tir lutii ruium.—AOuen^im, March 19tii, ISiiJ. Published by !?. POTTER, Viiich-street. London "WIIITTAKEII & Co. t IT IV) ATTCSTtlALLA. UMDKH SlXPY DAYS. a. < J..ï- 'l3 I Pasaagj and "BLACK BALL" LIXE OF BRITISE & AUSTRALIAN EX-ROYATJ 16AIL PACKETS AB\D EAGLE LIjXTE OF PACKETS 'I Sailing from Liverpool on tlie 5th and 15th of every monf PACKET OF THE 15th. IdAY. 1 j^IIE Liverpool and Australian Xavi- _JL ration Coaipa.ny'eMigmticeat Steam 'ii7) )Lr -d?S.?S.?CSas':iipp<jr O r A L C HAR T E B, 2,710 Tons Register, 2JO Horse-power. This Celebrated Clipper his undo five passages to 1st Voyage in 59 Days, I 2nd VoyaGc in 64: Days, 3rd Voyage in G2 D -yi, 4tli Voyng3 in 63 Days, 5h Voyage io. 64 Days, and earned a regulation for speed unequalled hy anv j other Steam Clipper in the world. Under canvas alone she his frequently m sirtaiiied, for several successive I j days, a speed of up -vard* ot -100 miies in 21 hoars. IIt'r j j Saloon arrangements f're perfect, and combine every possible convenience—Lilies' Boudoir, Bjliu, i nd j her noble passenger decks, lighted aL intervals of six feet by sid^poris, afford uativalied acvornmoiuioa for all classcs. Apply to GIBBS, BRIGHT & C,)., Merch-mts, 1, Notth John street, and JAMli BAIM tlS & Co., Tower. Buildings, Liverpool, or to their Agents. AlUXEY TO LEND EADY to be ;t i/??c';<] on Mort?a?e Security, several A/ sums of MONEY, in amouuts from £ 50 to ?500. Apply to Mr. J. Jones, hoiicitor, Wrexham. F 1. X E FLUKE POTATOES, AND FLUKE POTATOE SETS, FOR SALE, In Isree and Small quantities, Apply to Mr. MER15DITII JONES, Charles-street, Wrexham. WHAT IS THE TI.ME ? WATCHES! WATCHES! From £ 2 2s. End Y F you ore in want of a goo d \Vr AT CII (war rail t e d i o keep A. correct time), send a Post-office Older to JOSEPH SEWILL, Yfatch Manufacturer, 61, South Castle Street, Liverpool (directly opposite the Custom House), who will by return of Post, send a first-rate Silver Watch, guaran- teed to keep good time, for the above small price—ex- changed if not rip-proved of. J, Sowill solicits the attention of the publicirencrallv to his vciy extensive stock, as undermentioned, the quality of which he offers with implicit confidence. Gold Patent Detached Lever Watches, 18 carat at E10 each own make. Chronometer, Duplex, Centre Seconds, &c., of very fiuest quality. Gold Horizontal Watches, finest finished, £ 5 each. English Patent Levers, ironic to j:7 10s each. Silver Horizontal Watches, from £2 2 to i3 10s Preservation Watches, in gold and Silver. Captains, Shippers, and the trade supplied on very reasonable terms. Watch Manufactory, Gl, South Caatle-street, Liverpool. All psrticulara may he had by post. ?\\JK? CARE OF TKE PEWE." T! PATENT DOUBLE- JLL REMIXED 0.-5liOHN'E STAROII, (which re- quires no boiling), is the mo;t economical Starch that can be used, one pound of which will take four more pints of water, and stiffen more clothes by nearly double the quantity, than. any other starch, thus cd'e-.ting a saving of ii 1. y per ctnt. Sold by grocers, chaadlcrs, and druggists and whole- sale at LLAIFPEII T\VELYKOEI:S' Albion Chemical Works, 139, Goswell Street, Loudon; and by all agents for Harper Twelvetrees' soap powder. VIRGINIAN GUM. HAVE You sr.EX THE YlaGI; IAN GUM? HAVE You TlUED THE NIHGINIAX GUK Nothing has ever been introduced into this country which has caused such a stir, and has effected so many surprising and wonderful cures as the VIRGINIAN GUM ? It is WORKING WONDERS everywhere tho weak are strengthened !—the wounded are lwaicd I-the lame walk, laying aside their sticks and crutches ;—and thou- sands who have been restored from the brink of the grave, are e verywhero gratefully sounding its praise As a remedy of Rheumatism, lthcumatie Gout, 1'k- doloreus. Tooth-ache, Pains in the Back, Gravel, Piles, Asthmatic Cough, Hooping Cough, and even Consump- tion, it is superior io anything m the world for fiurns, Scalds, Cuts, oends, Bruises, Sore Throats, Swellings, Abscesses, Boils, Corns iind Bunions, Wnitlows, Sore Legs, Bad Lreasts, Cracked Hands, &e. It is tne ea-iest, the eheajji st, and most oeitnu mo le ol cure, and most ever continue to be THE WORLD'S FAVOURITE REMEDY. GO GET SOME Get a sindl box, anJ try it for yourself 1 Sold retail in boxes at Is 1|1 each, by Druggists, Stationers, and Pitent Me-1 Vendors, and wholesale, hy IIARFER TWEi ETR 3 iSS, 139. Goswell Street, London, and all the Wholfii ie Patent .Medicine Houses. Sold II t the) Wte^.i. Ad vertiser Oiliee. T\VELVETiiKES PENNY PATENT SOAP POWDER (Containing no Z?MC, ?'H<<«7t. ?M?tOMm, or any hurl- ful !/7yy'C?C?t?A BY which the savin* of Time, Trouble, Labour, Firing" and Soap, is astonishingly great. No Rubbing required however dirty the Clotlus. The effects are really wouti, rful. A Penny Packet is equal to Teupennyivorth of Soap. Read what other people say The saving is so great, that by using the Soap Powder, one woman can do as much as five can do with soap aud soda.—Mr CANNING, liarusley. The washing which usually occupied twelve or fourteen hours was quite completed in three.—J os, ATKINS, Mer- tbyr Tydvil. Paten tee:-HA rPE P,,TWELVETREES, 139, Goswell- street, London, in Wrexham by Alderson. Roberts, and nwst Grocers and Druggists everywhere. ( [ THE WONDER OF THE WORLD. H OLLOW A Y'S PILLS. rjpnis jrcraf JIoiHclmhl Medicine ranks amony the last. .1.. iug i.ecssai ii s ot tile, as ;t is well k*jo« u to the wide world thai it cure-, mm y complaints other remedies cannot rc'H-ii. This fact is as well established as that the BUD lights the world. I) IS 0 R1) E RS 0F T11E LIVER AND STOMACH. most persons will, st some period of their lives, suffer from indigestion, derangement of their liver, stomach, cr bowel?, which, if not quickIj removed, frequently settles into a dangerous illness. It is well known in India, aud other tropica! dimatt, that Ilolioway*' Pills is thc ollly remedy thai cali be reded upon in such easts. Almost every soldier abroad eirncsa box of these Pills in (jj3 kmiiis.itk. In England most persons know that these .uii|4 will cure them wij, iievi-r the liver, stomach, or bovte!* are util (if order, and thai thev need no phv-deom. WEAKNESS AND lJEIHLIIT. Such as may sutler lrom weakness or debility, or where there is a WHiit of energy, should at OllCC have recourse to these Pill*, as they immediately purify the blood, and act upon the main sprint; of life, nivuifj strength and vi^ouroiu the system. Young pi-rsoi.s entering iuto womanhood with a (h iiir.gemrnt )1 the (unction*, nno to mothers at the tuin of lite, these Pills will be most cllieacious in correct- ing the tide of life I hat may lie on the turn. Y OUll and eld- r!y men Liitfer in a similar manner at the same periods win n I here is id ways dat.fter they should therefore, un- di rifo a course of this purity in lllJicint., which ensures lasting health. UKKAXGE\1E\T OF TIIE KIDNEYS. If theae Pills lie used according to the prinle I directions ami the Ointment rubbed over the region of the kidueys- ai lt!iist once a day, as salt is forced iuto meat, the Ointment would pmettale into the kidneys aud correct any derange- menl Of these organs, should he sulfa frum stone or gravel, then the Oiotinent ought to be rubbed into the ileck of the IJladder also, a tew days will convince the sufferer of the astonishiu effect of these t wo remedies. NERVOUS DISORDERS. Any derangement of these delicate orgaus affects disas- trously both tne body and mind. To the nervuus invalid llollo.vays Pills are an ar iele of vital necessity. As they impart to no oiid vigour to the internal organs, and conse- quently to the nervous system, which pervades aud con. nects them. Hence their morvellotis cures of hysteria, low spirits, spasms, fits, headaches, nervous twitehings, and other kindied eornpl liuts are all radically removed by the use of these invaluable Pills. COMPLAIN fS OF FEMALES. The functional irregularities peculiar to the weaker sex, arc invariably corrected without pain or iucoaveuience by the use ()f Pills. They are the safest and surest rnediciuc for all the diseases incidental to females of all ages. BILIOUS AFFECTIONS. The quantity and quality of the bile are of vital imports ance to ilealrb. Upon the Jive: thj gland which secrete this fluid, the Pills operate speciSeally, infallibly rectifying its iregularities, and effeettlally curiuz; jaundice, bilious re- mittauts, aud ail the varieties of disease generated by an unnatural condition of the organ. llolloivaf a Pills are the best remedy known in the world for the following eliseases Aorue Dropsy inflammation Sore Tar.>at« AstLioa Uysenfry Jauadici Stone aud Grave* TJ !iou I.ivrr CxupUiuts Seem iary bymp M:.>re ou tiie luMualt irre^ul^ri- i toina S-i.) t:ea PIe; Tie.ll,,U!oureiLx k B rrei Complaints F.-n'j of all kinds It t" nnatism Tunuurs C'»"n:s P'IM iteration of Ulccu CoM«rip'irioa of the Coat Lrioe Veuerettl Affection Bawd. {Ueal-ucbs Set ofula, or W¡¡rllls of ,lIÚftA.1 0 .)!i,u,(Iijtion lui,gebtioa Jwus's hvil & x/ whatever cause, SOLD at the Establishments of PK0i<ES30it HOLLOWLY 244 Strand, (near Teuiplo liar,) Loudon, and 80, -Itaiden L?n", Xc".v Yctk, ?i?j by an rei,)E?:ctab Dru?i?ta and DoSL??si iu m?dicmcs thi'ougLtom the ctvUized world at the following prices :-ls 1-d, '2?Ud4s Cd,Hs,3?, and' 331 tilt! iok.'o?,.ring -s :-Is l?d, 2.i Od 4s (;d, Is, 22s, aiid 33a Tiiero is a considerable savins by taking the larger bo ic-s N.B.—Directions for the guidance of patients in every dis- order are ailiX'id toeaeh Pot. -+ ORGANIC WEAKNESS; ITS CAUSES AXD CURE. Just published (with an Appendix- ou the Curative powers of Gilvani-E,ectricity), Price is. free by post OELF.riiE.SJtRYATrON': A medical Treatiss on NERVOUS DEBILITY and FUNCTIONAL WEALNE.S-, more par:icu!irlv ill reference t) the IN,v,i.,tNii.rIE-3 an I 0f tin GENERA- tr'ieini tlJ., Origin of theju distressing affliction? to c-atiqe-q which vitiate the very fountains of Liie and prematurely destroy the vigour 0t Manhood, With practical Obeervatio is on tho Cure of these Diseases, and on thy extr ior linarv restorative power o LOCAl. GALV AXIS.vI iq ei^es of n-rviur pr,H'ritio:l muscular debility, md functional incapacity, when used in combinatioa with t ie remedial so "U';CC '53- tuily employed hy t ie Author during a pradice of u;iwar'is of iVemy years. With descriptive caseq, num- erou engr ivings, instructions. &n. II Y L A Ml E a T M. D., 3(. flEDP .RD ■>QCtAIIB( LOSDJS. Registered Lio.siUa e oi tne .• v >^i-c vr'e"? Doctoi of .Ue lu'ille o'' tile tj.lii .f oiNiry Jlember of the Loudon ilo^oit.ii defeat i»cietv a c, Ali err,,),if,ritis i tit)rosii,)ii t!ilt it ) i)iil)lic a;iriotitica- iiinits on t lies'; disorders en mite only 'ro n unnilifioi personx. hut »« the ne»r da lietl .let ;>n>vi 1 s thtt none Out >-e-i.ster. o nractitioii rs s'ul! issn n ■ an/ Uvlicil titlo tho-,■ tli u ;re ieL':d.v q iiiii • i ,lu realiiv bj distill{utsh^l —a |i >i;;t ofirr-at i:u;> t inee ill I'Li"'i W"I(.rL! C)a- fiOence, an I skill ire ij i iliy |- •quisic •, its tll" it, w e titi-iii u' .ttioti," f of par- amount utility are Orou.;nr, to^etiicr—t'let.s ajipj tliu'i GI) ilia ;M-u ience of all xvh > are s i;f:ri u tVo U i t'| > r. \r lie 1 iu volve th" ■■nfeeiileineiil ant ultinite loss of olios; p.r.ver ithout w lieii man forfeits the dignity of nature, 3011;1 siuk to tile n,ost pitiable dentils of p l.vsieal ail i in iral ileiM-la tion. In cases wiiere in,; vital esesnses have been WeaKeiles hy tut? lnfluwioes ot tropical hy poniioi illbiCs indiscriminate excesce. illlprop -r diet, liardstlii). Or by in ju .u'ious tivatuiuui, the ilip 0r (-ure a,1(-)pted by the Autnor, 111 conjunction with the application of Loca» C??'am-iM h?'e i?qae.iU.v beou )ound sucee?tul. oven ia wliei-(? recovery had be en pronounced impossible, i ibhslied by the Author, Price Is., or free by ost for ?.;teeM s?m?. a:id ?ay b? h?d of Allen, ??ick L??? P??nioster i?w. London; Westm?ot chemist, Market tr'.ct, .^dfaoriCl iiester; J Guest, ?uH-strMt. Birmingham ,!<'ar:lte, Shettield, n. Iyuer, lIih.strect smtha.rm! ??w. ?? Love, Enoch-square, GI??o?v H owed, ?? ?°'?!?'?' L'ub.m; ortrjm ?telufor, who ??.r? cousulted d?iiy. ¡rom Elevn till l\vo anl tmill i.{ till i1511t. ? ?" rcsiJei^' 37, Bcdtbrd.sq?re I,onùoll. NEW AXD IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE. PATENT OFFICE SEAL OF GREAT BRITAIN JL DIPLOME DB ECOLE DR PHARA\I\CIE PII ARM AC IAN DE PAIUS. IMPERIAL COLLEGE OP MEDICINE, \IENNA. Th; Patentee has confided the preparation of these Medicines to a Physician or the Roral ttuver?.ty of :?ltn??. ?,?, Mother of tha Royal CilÜe. of Sur?eous of Ena?nd, (who is re?sterel under the ?.-w?[pd'.c:??.?t) and attends daily at No. 19, Beraer?t- Oxford htieet Lou Ion, between the hours of 11 and 2, and fm:n 5 till 8, Sunday excepted), ia order to ?Ivise Pa.tien? on their D?e?udT?t?.tt. and thm am to the speedy certainty of Owe. Hn coMider? it nece?trv that every ?- p,a'eiit slioil?l b.-? t') ser!iire ?"" puolic againt DU. i A.ixoNs> oft? ?H?-?R.. None Me ?nuino unless the JSiifrravines of tue "als or the Patent OMOO of E.i??,U the Seals ot tlie Le ile de Pha?r?cio de Paris, ?nd ttMlrup?r at CoU'?GOt Vienna, are a{tid uoon f.?h \.vJ.n.? ,i  -u.t' OAVLAIIA each c?o. I?tio.? of the J..n. ? ?bletoti?acev?oe?r?atr pensuties of th" courts of U-.v can L%varl. TJUES)I.\R NOi l. 2, !lilt! :1. ar pr are,l'D th (orm of a ioven,-e, deni.! «k mL«fe or ^inell! aoj' ran iJec waUtc !up«kt S ?T^ £ irrate '-?- ? ?"" -?'?? ?V?e?/Lu?'niu."K;? Hicorù, c.. &c 1 TRIESEMAR NO 1 Is a remedy M Relaxation,' Spenu?rorrtxc. and all the distressing con»e<»- ucnreai'.nsin^ from e?ty ab.?e ind?cr.mmMe eices«, or too !??< »S, H hot chnatel!" It l?t? r?or.d b<,d.?.nd.ex?t atretl^i! a id rigour a thousands of .kubL.r?cJ ,um"?'n?. who ara uo? in theenjoym..at of ?Mtt'h md the functions ox Manhood; aud a-hatev? may be the cause o? di,aaa l.  ?-?' they are efectua? .uM? by tins WoDderfu liI)iõco,ery I TRIESEiURNo. 2 EffcctMHy..n the short pace of three days, completely and entirel/ y^S eradi- MtMaHtrac? ol ?ouorrho-?bnthimta 'nddaDda?ra?tedf'o"'?'?' ?"'M?". Stricture, lrntat,OU )I me Bladder. No,, retentioJof Unn, 0 tbl Lo.n,aadK.d..ey.?ud tl.^3 ??rder. "uere Copaivi and Cubeb, ha1ve w lodg been tlik)ubt to '? "? of the health o0f 11 14 vv«aost t po»rtio»n ot the popuation THIESt:MARXo3. Ie th.e ?rftt cont. inent? remedy tor Syuhilis and  c  searches out and purines the diseased liumours from the blond, anJ ?leanfes r J"stelu (r'HU nU detcrioratiu:ç Citn:$e i it also couititutes a certain cure in Scurvy, Scrofula. alld alt Cutaneous Eruptlolls, removiD anet ex',ellmt ill Its counc: 811 CO rrUilUons auJ nnpurite8 from tile \ïtal 6treall:. 80 a8 alto.;etlJl:r to cmdieate tue virus ot diaease, and expel "\itU al stream, so a*   pores of '"? Jhe a nGter.t;n!m? Remedy for that class i i Lu llriDe'au(' liniflish rtiysician treats witu Jlercurv to the i?.taktede.truct.on of thi uutortun'l/ «'"> "KtIht' constitution, anl Wu;ca all tl1: e SariapaniU In the world cauuot Strp(>te U?'? Ji rL'Ct froal theest?sh?ent. 19. Berners Price lis., sent direct from the cstablislunent, 19, Rerner,j  OXford ?''H???- ?"'? ? post ? Sde?tr?to a,w i!nrr °ljlut^ Vkiingdom, or lour cases in one for 336 U (by v 1iJ0S,rC. O'S C d l ULtr.'t) Inch ?"? "s, ami in £ S cases s?-in?  -?.d?? l'ee"i:.Jt of Post OUiee ??' "?Ma to Modi. by return ot^ost0"1 °f the C:le, the Medicines ?1 be M by I-eturii ot pust. SODS. Fnrrmcio.I street—D, Ciarcli -?-t'??'?'"?""?°"°?"'?? M-IS'f"rrm<do..treet-D.C?'tt*;r?e? ? ? ?r?.[-du.,p?. -).i. Ku.? ?d??<t?.v..tt,; ?o?: "?-?"?', <[ t'?? U.tnrc.t Y.trd-ft;.nM)& Co".6t UxJùrJ 8tn.et-t H luiuu d.-Li.;??'.4u, M.r?<ta'reet ?t.c.t.t.ti uradbury. I)) )l?,eliel'. R?t?-?tNftM & €3. ?M<Mf,treet I'nl- "n. .P Hiwt'u, iiookaeil'r, i\ -stnurriirttii street LMb.iu — IVtumtL u«>Oit*e;i*«r, tli^U street, i:u -r.Viiin, chemist Ca-JilT—U va/»s Oueai at Swsusea.—Lvaus CUU.lst Lumpter—an 1 Ga.vet# Urittnepj dru ,,ats ?enpurt??imtuutuai?rf—.td?.-Me.!Ct)<enJo.j[ti<oj,{?L)?t[mj United ?"?"tu,—A?e?n wautei for ev^ry t"wu HlJ.\1L muLl't: A fu,.u?r .UcdiM) Work, price 15. pot free neautiluiiy illustrated with tttt) iJuiCMViu. and C:)Ilt.tilliac the op.iiiatia Of VtUpt'au, LdlCIIIu,jJ Uoux, U,IlurIJ, c it ifives copious iiutrucuous for lite periccr rrstoratiou oi those wuo are pi-evented oy impediments trorur eiitcnux iuto the Al-u'rieJ State, atsj Kimu'iu< the dreadful results iro.ii earir abuse, (jononiieu aud 3ypmiis, and the beucat* anriux from tile chemical tests and examination o! me {Spermino^ii, oy tue auniDr's newly COQatfUi'ted Microscope, wlt11 poweriui lenses. J. Allen. :.U. kvLrwteli-taLie Gordon U(i. htvideiniali-street, Loudon* and iroui ah A<euts tor tue sale ol! th« •Xrieseuur.' Ailon, 20, Warwick Lane, Paternoster Row, and by all Awnts for the sale ot the • Xriuseiuur. CdjAP LLYING FOR ALL CLASSES! A' \l '> AL,U'l,Ji'1 a,lu ILo'" <WoiU A '? uPV'oovvi,.uu.u t.io1i |luiuru;, o i tnu ci1oauj,l se.ile Siio4ia«4 u-M* hii i £ ^y^ r.i £ i'• < j a ivr ri  vv i)V LiVEfitEL' 1,]G-is Cakes k. 'lS ULia(lillg4 All(i iies, rich (.Iaketi h.HhJS 01 -ii.ty .1?- .4s, A? W?'ilOtJT B!JfT?? OR EGGS if'SlUes .t-ct.?? .t eiv e.Vl ) r'y??????  .?.?..? r.(c.:l' 1::1  uy ?U.?sdctt-ht? witii 1t sb, m:?r bfore used M ."th-tc ? .xc.i?..L.?. ?. ?,i..?, SC. H.?t?.You .rt?ra.[.i.h.??,?.?.L,.?[)?,,???noa  t ? "? "?'' '?- -?- -?'??' ???pJ'-c, Ja[Ly 11, lsy '\Jici nt Is. and 2,1. and Canisters a.t 61. and Is., at the AuVurliaer UiILv, an l uy :tll tne Agents loi- iLarpjr l'vvolve- ".Soap t'.nvaer' lor VV-waiiis. Patentee; Ila per l «veivctrces, 13'J, Uos^cil-street, L,judou.—jloro Agents VVtilllOU. WOIiSDELL'S VEGETABLE PILLS have cured thousands whose complaints were cjiiniduieil ucyoad hope. U hile the most eilieacious and speclh, they arc, at the same time, tho a?te?t remedy that can bccmpfoy?; none need fear tot?ketbem aud yet all  '??"??',??curetroM their use. Th?m.nuerof r^ KS'SoMA! s fro n classt?m or ???y. ?h t?? bean laiOUs! iietj t, prove mM their curauvc qu?iniea are the most   medicine of '? lJre36I)t day; aud the fact Irit mey hav been constantly iucrazLsiiLg in sa|0 for mora ha.ll tweULY YearS :lltow Lbat they ta.ud th TGSL of time alld II iCrienee audth V ttlat staud lIl« test of time and ppreciated. tl]L t, ??'?'?'' they are known, their value i T^PC' k priuted aud Published by Goo?e Bayley, SstBrUSr.W Wrexham ??' Wr?m.'?urd? April? 3rd, I
CORTTESPONDE FFCE.
HODGES V. THE BYE-LAWS. To the Editor of the Denbighshire Advertiser. Sir,—I wish through the medium of your paper, to make a few observations in respect to my case, which was heard before the Mayor and Magistrates on the 4th inst. In the first place I admit having employed two men to wheel out and remove manure, and being ignoraat of the Bye-laws on the subject, I considered the men were bound to remove it with the least possible delay this un fortunately was not done. I deny having stated to P.C. McAUen when the sum- mons was brought to me, that I would stand a pound or so for contempt of court before I would go up I also deny having stated to Sergeant Nadin that I would not come to the court. I also most positively deny that I bolted down Chamber-street, as stated by Inspector Limb, as I was not in Chamber-street any part of the clay.-I must confirm everything I said in answer to the charge brought against me upon the hearing—and I have very great reason to eoropliin that the officers in the discharge of their duties did not call at my shop to execute the warrant, as I might have been found there from an early hour in the morning, having to attend to my business. I do not feel justified in interfering with the affairs of the borough, as I can assure you I have not the slightest ambition to become arfown Ciuncidoror Borough Magistrate. I think the Inspector of Nuisances might have taken the trouble to inform me as soon as he perceived the nuisance, that I was committing an oi- fence but no, this would not suit his convenience, as there would be no case, but to show hia dUiget.c? in the discharge of his duties he allowed me to rem in in ig- norance, and Sergeant Nadin when he came to me for information as to the names of the men, positively stated that the men only were liable. I certainly must give the Inspector and his men credit for the quickness in hearing every word that was said by me (and a very great do-il more), and should there be a vacancy in any of the important offices in Paris, I could | assuredly recommend them as men tully competent to carry out tho Emperor's instructions for the suppression of secret societies. I consider, under the circumstauces, I have been most harshly treated, but being until a short time since, a comparative stranger in the town, I must console myself with thinking I have been selected as one of the martyrs who have ignorantly infringed upon the Majesty of the Bye-Laws of the Borough ot Wrexham, and apparently insulted those who have the honour and privilege to ad- minister them to such perfection. Trusting you will insert the foregoing in your next,—I am, your obedient servant, High-st., Wrexham, April, 1859. E. HODGES. "COLLIERS WAGES" AT RUABON. To the Editor of the Denbighshire Advertiser. Sir.—In justice to my own character, and the interests of the Company I have the honour to serve, I consider it my duty to refute the erroneous statements contained in a letter published in your paper of last week, and signed by a Rhosllanerchrugog Collier." The facts of the case relating to the dispute with the men are these At our No. 6 pit, we have upwards of 300 men and boys employed, and of late, in consequence of the reck- less manner in which the men filled the coal-sending amongst it some 20 tons of fire clay per week-we found that some immediate change was necessary, or th e trade of the Company would be ruined. I proposed to the men that the "rakes" and "baskets" should be intro- duced for a fortnights' trial in 12 stall?, or divisions, out of 70 stalls we have at work-that the men should ap- point a man on their part, and I would name one on behalf of the Company-to judge fairly of the propor- tion of small left down in consequence of using the rakes" and that the workmen should be compensated accordingly, by an advance on the price per ton. This, in my opinion, a fair proposal, was immediately rejected on the part of the men, for what reason I have not yet been able to learn. Rakes" and baskets" are used in all our oOtcr pits through the districts of Ruabon and Brymbo, and in every colliery in the Kingdom where found necessary, The "poor oppressed colliers" did not come to lay their case before me, but I have met them several times vo- luntarily, and have courted a fair discussion on the question in dispute. I did say that during the last year the workmen at No.16 pit earned upwards of 4s per day, and I shall be happy to give any respectable person the men may appoint, an opportunity of examining the books to verify my statement. Unfortunately this poor collier" has not ventured to attach his proper name to hii letter, so that I have no means of ascertaining who his forefathers were, and the privileges they enjoyed in the good (old times," but I can say this-that when I leame to this colliery nine years ago, under Mr Robertson, the few colliers at work could haidly reilise 2s per day. They certainly had their coal for nothing then, now they make at the same works upwards of 4s and still have their coal gratis To meet the complaint that some of the men get un- due advantages, the price for coal getting being uniform through the pit, I have told the men that we are quite prepared to allow them to ballot for the places as often as they wish. The fines complained of are all paid in charities, and do not amount to half the sum alleged, and ¡ the greater they are, the more the men's negligence on 1 whom they fall. > In conclusion, I beg to say that 1 am quite prepared to faiily discuss the dispute between us-on the works or in th" newspapers-and I think it is nothing but just that I should request from you, Mr Editor, to refrain from publishing anonymous letters from either side while the dispute is pending.—I am sir, yours respectfully, R. CADWALADtt, Ruabon Colliery, April 21st, 1859. "SAUCE FOR THE GOOSE OUGHT TO J SAUCE FOR TUB G.\NUER." To the Editor of the Wrexham Advertiser. 3E SirIn reading your report of the meeting of the Board of Guardians of last week, I was at a loss to know why the medical officers should always be the objects of attack. My knowledge of the Poor Law regulations does not enable me to see any just cause of complaint. Their assistants do not act contrary to the spirit of the Poor Law, although they are not allowed to take entire charge of sick panpers without being appointed. Yet, the Poor Law Board does not prohibit them visiting oc- casionally, during the temporary absence of the duly ap- pointed officer. Why should the medical officer be de- prived of the aid of his assistant more than the chaplain or the clerk ? I am quite surprised how Mr Edg worth could have fallen into such a dilemma as to forget, that all, or nearly all, the duties of his office were performed by Mr. Bury for nearly twenty years. This may, per- haps, be met by saying he was not a medical officer (poor medical officers.) If Captain M'Coy is acting from a sense of duty, why does he not cast his discriminating eye a little further than the porter's book ? Take the Infirmary for instance, I see his name on the committee, where, I am told, the duties of the house surgeon are dele- gated to a little boy just from school. Again, I see him on the Bench at the Guildhall, does the clerk of the pet- ty sessions attend at all times ? 15 this consistent Capt. M'Coy ? Yours &c., RUABONITE.