DARLLENWCH ERTHYGLAU (8)
News
T" ROYAL REVIEW AT ALDERSHOT: 60,000 TROOPS MARCH PAST THE QUEEN. Perhaps with the exception of the time when the late Czar of Russia inspected the troops stationed at Aldershot, that town has never been so full of visitors as it was on Saturday. People flocked into it from all quarters for the purpose of witnessing the Jubilee review. The spectacle of Saturday is in strange con- trast with the first camp which was held in the neigh- bourhood, when a few thousand men pitched their tents on Chobham Common, and her Majesty and the Prince Consort were pleased to congratulate Lord Hardinge on the admirable appearance and discipline of the men, who were armed with the good old "Brown Bess," and whose flanks were protected by smooth- bore guns, which bad an effective fire at 800 yards. Yet the days of 1853 were regarded by military men with delight, although there was then, as there is now, a section of the force who shook their heads and wondered what the army was coming to. Since then there has been a continuous improvement. Guns which cannot kill at 2000 yards are condemned, and riflemen who cannot draw a bead line at 800 are re- garded as almost unfit for service. From the time the camp was first formed there her Majesty has from time to time made it a point of reviewing her troons at thi3 ereat centre of military instruction. It has also been the favourite resort o £ -the great soldiers of Europe, and whenever some war-scarred hero of fame has visited our shores, there has been put before his eyes in the dismal Long Valley a force representative of the backbone of the British army. It waa Scarlett's wont to boast that if foreigners wished to tea the stuff Englishmen were made of they should witness a field-day on that stretch of country running from Hungry-hill to the Basingstoke Canal. Sir Hope Grant, not by any means an inexperienced soldier, held that the country around Aldershot was the best training-ground in the world; and Lyaons, who once rushed into it with a hostile force without firing a shot, declared that it was the most defensible position in all England. Although there have been many great rev-ews held there, yet perhaps the most im- portant of all is that which took place on Satur- day. The force engaged was a thoroughly repre- sentative one, for among those on the ground were 30,000 volunteers—a body which was not in existence at the time the camp was formed, but which year after year since has grown in strength and importance, until at last it is regarded as the most unique body the world has known. It was with no little difficulty that they were brought to the spot. The energies of the South- western Railway Company were taxed to their utmost to get them on the ground in time for the march past. Not so, however, with regard to the Regulars, who came in, battalion after battalion, day after day during the week, and who went into the camps which had been laid out for them under the experienced hand of Colonel Crealock. Day after day those camps have grown in size, until the whole country around Alderohot on Saturday' resembled a canvas city, which stretched away from the base of Hertford-bridge flats to Hungry-bill. The total force on the ground was supposed to number 58,000 men, and included 21,201 Regulars, 45G3 Militia, 274 Yeomanry, and 33,000 Volunteers. It was set in motion at an early hour, all troops being in position at ten o'clock. They were drawn up as follows:- 1ST LIXE.—1ST ARMY CORPS (Regulars, Militia, and Yeomanry), under the command of General Sir Archibald Alison.-R.IEE.A.: 1st Division, in quarter columns of batteries at full intervals; 2nd Division behind it in sime formation. Cavalry in mass of half- brigades. The 5th Lancers were attached to the Light Brigade. The Yeomanry were attached to the Cavalry Division, and drawn up (in mass of regiments in column of squadrons) under instructions from the general officer commanding Cavalry Division. In- fantry Cadets formed as a brigade in mass of quarter-columna; 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Divisions in line of brigade masses, each brigade being in mass of quarter-columns. 2D ARMY CORPS, Lieutenant-general Sir Evelyn Wood (Volunteers).—On the left of the 1st Army Corps, and on the same alignment, GO paces between army corps—Mounted Infantry, Artillery, Engineers, Cadets, and infantry divisions in line of brigade masses, each brigade being in mass of quarter- columns, with 12 paces distance between battalions in each mass; Medical Staff Corps. 2N"D LiNE.-Field Artillery on the ridge east of the Long Valley, under instructions given to the general officer commanding Royal Artillery; Royal Eugineer troops and companies at half interval; Commissariat and Transport Corps at half interval; Medical Staff Corps (as a bearer column). The ground occupied was that stretching from Miles Hill to within half a mile of Cesar's Camp, and the saluting point was a little to the south of Cocked Hat Wood, both flanks of which were crowded with spectators. Trains heavily laden with Volunteers commenced arriving at Farnborough and at the North Camp Station of the South-Railway soon after four o'clock, and continued until about half-past six, when almost all the men taking part in the review had arrived on the ground, and partook of refreshments prior to entering on the work of the day. After the arrival of the v olunteere, passenger trains commenced running into Aldershot Town Station, and up till eleven a constant stream of persons poured through the town on their way to the Long Valley. Among the early arrivals were the Prince and Princess of Wales,' with their three daughters, and the Kings of Saxony and Greece, who reached Farn- borough Station shortly after ten o'clock. Members of both Houses of Parliament also arrived in con- siderable number, and occupied seats in the grand stand, which had been erected to the left of the enclosure. Her Majeety arrived in the Long Valley a ten minutes past eleven, and was received with the customary Royal salute. Her escort was composed of a troop of the 13th Hussars and an escort of officers, among whom was Prince Albert Victor, and before them rode several members of the staff and the officers of the Indian contingent who are at present on leave of absence in this country. Prince Henry of Battenberg, the Duke of Teck, and a host of other notables also rode with the escort. Opposite the saluting point were stationed the Duke of Cambridge and the headquarter staff, with whom also were the Prince of Wales, the Duke of Connaught, and other members of the Royal family. In the Royal carriage, in addition to her Majesty, were Princess Christian and Princess Beatrice. No sooner had the strains of the National Anthem died away than the Commander-in-Chief presented the address from the army to her Majesty, and called for three cheers for the Queen, which were given with that precision and hearty goodwill which distinguishes British soldiers. The following is the address: Your Majesty's army, including the reserve forces, humbly approaches the throne, and offers its respectful homage and congratulations upon the com- pletion of the 50th year of your Majesty's reign, and begs your Majesty's gracious acceptance of an offering to commemorate the happy event, and as a tribute of its love and devotion. During these 50 years the army ha3 been ealled upon to maintain the interests of the British Empire in every quarter of the globe, and is deeply grateful for the concern your Majesty has ever shown for the widows and orphans of those who had fallen in defence of the British flag. In common with the rest of your Majesty's subjects, your army desires to express its gratitude to Almighty God for such a glorious reign, and prays your Majesty may long be snared to reign over a loval and contented people." --0- Contrary to general expectation, the usual inspec- tion of the line was dispensed with and the column was at once set in motion. Among the first troops to pass were the students of Sandhurst, and then fol- lowed the brigade of Guards in column of double companies, their splendid dressing and well-kept lines evoking unbounded applause from the thousands of spectators on the grand stand and the heights in the rear. But perhaps the enthusiasm reached its climax when the Marines, under Colonel Tuson, swept by in that grandly solid formation for which they are so distinguished. Their tattered colours bore evidence of the good service they bad rendered to their Queen and country in every part of the world. Colonel Fitzroy had also reason to be proud of the Fusilier Brigade, and the men of the Norfolk, Yorkshire, Northampton, and Manchester Regiments had no leas reason to take credit for their excellent formation, for they kept together shoulder to shoulder and with that touch which is so singularly characteristic of the line. The skirl of the bagpipes next announced that the Scottish Borderers and the Cameron Highlanders were at hand, and they were followed by the 1st Middlesex and Royal Sussex. The kilted corps appeared to be the special favourites of the public, and following them came Slade's Brigade of Rifles, of which it is needless to say any- thing. as their fame is of world-wide renown. Col. Degacher, with the West Surrey, the 3rd Fusiliers, the 3rd Bedford, and the 3rd East Surrey Regiments, with their massed bands at their bead, with the 7th Brigade, were the next to pass their Sovereign, and, judging from the applause which greeted them, the Surrey men appeared to be as popular in the Long Valley as the representatives of that historic county in the cricket field. Following this brigade came Col. C. Tucker, with the Oxford Light Infantry, the 3rd Royal Berks, and the 7th King's Rifles, whose march past was somewhat marred by the breaking up of the leading company. At this time the dust was blowing across the valley and rendering it exceed- ingly unpleasant to the spectators. It was therefore deemed advisable to somewhat alter the programme, and to allow of the infantry passing before the mounted troops. The infantry of the line having passed, all eyes were directed towards the colnmn which was the next to approach her Majesty. It consistedof Lieutenant-General Sir Evelyn Wood's army corps, and was composed exclusively of some 30,000 British Volunteers. Following the highly- trained regiments which bad preceded them it was hardly to be expected that the same perfect forma- tion should be maintained. Yet as brigade after brigade of volunteers swept by, the same shoulder to shoulder feeling seemed to prevail, and with admirable disci- pline they all passed the Queen. They came in for no mean measure of applause, and soldiers who years ago regarded this force with eyes not altogether favourable seemed to think that at last it was entitled to be ranked as one of the great defensive lines of the country. Perhaps no soldier of this century has ever had the honour of leading such a magnificent body of men as those which Lieutenant-General Sir Evelyn Wood commanded on Saturday. The first contingent was the Volunteer Artillery, who were under the charge of Colonel Hozier. Conspicuous among all "as the Cinque Ports Division. The Engineers followed, under the guidance of Colonel Plant, of Briltol, who is so well known as the originator of the camp of instruction at Chatham. The Cadet Corps, under the command of Colonel Luce, composed of students at Marlborough, Charter- house, Cheltenham, Winchester, and Clifton, was also very cordially received. But perhaps the greatest measure of public approbation was bestowed on Colonel Lumsden's brigade, in which were the London Scottish and the Artists', the ringing cheers which came from the stand giving ample evidence of the high appreciation in which our citizen soldiers are regarded by men who have led the troops on to victory in every part of the world. The echoes of applause had hardly died away before cheer after cheer rent the air for the London Irish, the Rangers, and the 1st London, whose style of going was simply superb. If Colonel Ward ever has occasion to go into action, he would wish for no better body of men to command. Colonel Ingram followed next with a workable brigade, comprised of Middlesex men, who appeared fit for anything. The 4th Brigade was under the command of Colonel Wethered, who had the 2nd Oxfordshire, the let Wilts, and the 1st Bucks. The fifth was assigned to Colonel A. C. Gough, who had the 3rd Volunteer Battalion South Staffordshire and the 1st and 2nd Gloucester Regiments. He was followed by Lieutenant-colonel Bridgford, with the 5th and 6th Lancashire, the let Leicester, and the 1st Lincolnshire, and the 7th Lieutenant-colonel Mosse-Robinson with the let and 2nd Surrey. To Colonel Farrell was allotted the honour of leading the 8th Brigade, which consisted of the 2nd and 3rd Bat- talions of the Royal West Kent and the 2nd Battalion of the East Kent Regiment. The 9th Brigade was headed bv Colonel Sir H. Fletcher. and was com- posed of the 1st and 2nd Volunteer Battalions of the Royal Sussex and the 1st Cinque Ports. At the head of the 10th rode Sir W. Humphery, an officer who has done much to make the Reserve known among his countrymen. He had under him three battalions of Hampshire Volunteers, who were fair representatives of sturdy Englishman ready to defend their hearths and homes. Colonel R. O. Steward, with the 1st Dorset and the 4th and 5th Volunteer Battalions of the Hampshire regiment, next appeared on the scene and then came Colonel Green, with the 1st and 2nd Hertfordshire, and the 1st Bed?. The Welsh brigade, under the command of Colonel Justice, passed next, and evoked con- siderable applause. Following them came Colonel Pat on, at the head of the 2nd Glamorgan, the 1st Battalion Royal Welsh Fusiliers, and the 2nd and 3rd Somerset; and last, of all, Lord Wantage, V.C., who bad with him the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Essex, and the ltt Royal Berks. The Volunteer Medical Staff Corps also passed the saluting point, and while doing so gave ample evidence of the solid stuff of which this thoroughly practical corps is composed. At this period the sun was shining out strongly, and the dust clouds rose high in the air. The ground had been previously well watered by a couple of metropolitan steam engines, but the thirsty soil had absorbed the moisture, and the sand-drift found its way into every portion of the human body. Still, the company clung together for the purpose of witnessing that which, perhaps, was the sight of the day. Patriotism found its vent when the Volunteers swept by, but when six batteries of the Royal Horse Artillery, under Colonels Burnett and Curzon, ap- peared upon the scene, the spectators seemed to for- get the dust, and gazed only on the force of which Englishmen are so justly proud. Nor was this all, for, following them, Major-General Drury-Lowe, at the head of the cavalry division. Sir Baker Russell led the heavy brigade, which was composed of two squadrons of the 1st aod 2nd Life Guards, the Royal Horse Guards, and the 1st and 2nd Dragoons. To Colonel E. A. Wood was givea the command of the 10th, 18th, and 21st Hussars, and the 5th Lancers. Nothing can be said in favour of these regiments, for they are beyond praise. The foam flakes from the hordes flew thick on their shoulder blades. and horse and rider seemed to realise their position. A small force of Yeomanry followed, who represented the counties of Hante, Berki-, and Oxford. They were composed of good cross countrymen, who looked fit to follow a fox or chase an enemy over a bit of stiff country. It fell to General Williams' Jot to lead by twelve batteries of field guns, whose equip- ment was as perfect as their dressing. The last troops to pass her Majesty were the Royal Engineers, with the Pontoon Troop, the Telegraph Company, the Field and Park Depot, the 17th, 23rd, and 37th Field Companies, and the regimental staff. The whole affair passed off most brilliantly. In her reply to the address from the Army her Majesty said The loyal and dutiful expressions of congratu- lation of my Army and Auxiliary Forces upon the j completion of 50 years of my reign is a source of deep satisfaction to me, and I accept with pleasure this tribute of love and devotion. Whenever during my reign there was a necessity to call upon my Army to perform its duty in any part of the world it has never failed to justify the confidence placed in it by mysalf. I recognise its gallantry and devotion to the throne. I have no doubt that, should the occasion unfortu- rately arise, I can rely with equal confidence on the help of my Auxiliary Forces. There is no blessing which I at this season more earnestly ask Almighty God to extend to my people during the remainder of my reign than that of peace." The address was received with loud cheers by all the troops, and the review concluded, after three hours' hard work, by a cavalry charge one mile and a half in length, in line, almost up to the Queen, when the National Anthem was played. The Queen expressed her great satisfaction to the Duke of Cambridge beforo she left at what she had seen, and said she had never witnessed a more loyal and perfect spectacle. The Prince of Wales, the Duke of Connaught, and Duke of Cambridge, rode by in front of regiments, and Prince Albert Victor with the 10th Hussars. The mueen passed through lines ot infantry to the Pavilion amidst loud plaudits from all. Her Majesty was somewhat fatigued with the long hours, but otherwise stood the ordeal well. Her Majesty lunched at the Pavilion with the other Royal personages, and accompanied by the Duke and Duchess of Connaught, Prince and Princess Henry of Battenberg, the Grand Duke of Hesse, Prince and Princess Louise of Hesse, and other members of the Royal family, returned to Windsor at 6.45 by special train.
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WILLS AND BEQUESTS. The will (dated Aug. 18, 1885), with a codicil (dated March 8, 1886), of Mr. John Samuel Wanley Sawbridge-Erle-Drax, J.P., D.L., formerly M.P. for Wareham, late of Holnest Park, Dorsetshire, who died on Jan. 5 last, was proved on- the 27th ult. by William Savile, Marwood Shuttleworth Yeatman, John Herbert Drax Savile, Wanley Ellis Sawbridge; the nephew, and Henry Edwards Brown, the execu- tors, the personal estate amounting to over £ 139,000. The testator gives legacies and annuities to his execu- tors, servants, and others. The furniture, pictures, books, busts, curiosities, and effects at Holnest Park, and Olantigh Towers, Kent, and all his jewellery and plate are to be held as heirlooms with his settled estate. The residue of his personal estate, including that in Barbadoes, is to be converted into money, and laid out in the purchase of lands and heredita- ments in fee simple, in the counties of Dorset and Kent, to go with his settled estate. He gives the use of Olnest Park and Olantigh Towers, with the respective pleasure-grounds attached, to his nephew, the said Wanley Ellis Sawbridge; subject thereto all his manors, messuages, lands, tenements, and here- ditaments, are to be held, upon trusts, for accumula- tion for 21 years, and then, in trust, for his said nephew, for life, with remainder to his first and other sons, severally-and successively, in tail male. During the period of accumulation his trustees are specially directed to keep down, by shooting and selling, the venison and buffalo beef at Holnest Park, so that they may not increase too rapidly, and overstock the park. The will (dated April ,30, 1886), with a codicil (dated Nov. 23 following), of Mr. Jonathan Rigg, J.P., D.L, late of Wrotham-hill Park, Kent, who died on April 22 last, was proved on the 24th ult. by Herbert Addington Rigg and Henry Mounsey Rigg, the sons, and Edwin Curtis Goad, the executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of X 110,000. The testator bequeaths £200, and £300 per annum for life to his wife, Mrs. Emily Falconer Rigg; and very numerous legacies and annuities to servants, farm labourers, and others. He directs the Wrotham-hill Estate, subject to a right of residence in the mansion-house given to his daughter-in-law, Mrs. Mary Selina Rigg, for two years, to be sold, and one-half of the net proceeds to be held, upon trust, for his said daughter-in-law, for life, and then for her children by his son William Thomas Rigg, as she shall appoint a further Bum of S20,000 is also to be held, upon trust, for his said Bon and daughter-in-law, and their children. There are specific gifts of various pro- perties to each of his sons, Herbert Addington, Henry Mounsev, Frederick, and Arthur, and to his daughter, Mrs. Edith Sarah Settle and the ultimate reside of his property is to be divided between his four last-named children in equal shares. The Scotch Confirmation, under seal of office of the Sheriffdom of Berwick, of the trust disposition and settlement (executed Nov. 24,1880), with a codicil, (dated Fob. 16, 1887), of Mr. Charles Hyde Home Purves, residing at Purveshall, Berwickshire, who died at Bournenouth, on Feb. 19 last, granted to Gascoigne Bevan, Hyde Parker, Major Thomas Alfred Houston Boswall Preston, and James Hunter, the surviving executors nominate, was resealed in London on the 17th ult., the value of the personal estate in England and Scotland amounting to over £ 101,000. The will (dated April 23, 1885. with a codicil (dated June 9, 1886), of Mr. Thomas Norman Wight- wick, late of the city of Canterbury, who died on May 28 last, was proved on the 17th ult. by William Nor- I man Wightwick, the son, Walter Furley, and Cecil Edward Kingsford, the executors, the value of the personal estate amounting to upwards of £ 57,000. The testator leaves L500, an annuity of X1000, and his wines, consumable stores, horses and carriages, to his wife; his furniture and effects to his wife, for life, and then to his unmarried daughters and bequests to some of his children. The residue of his property is to be held upon trust for all his children. The Scotch Confirmation, under seal of the Sheriffdom of Roxburgh, of the trust disposition and settlement (dated March 7 and April 4, 1885), with four codicils, of Sir Walter Elliot, K.C.S.I., of Wolfelee, in the county of Roxburgh, who died on March 1 last, granted to Dame Maria Dorothea Hunter Blair, or Elliot, the widow, James Thomas Spencer Elliot, Edward Hay Mackenzie Elliot, and Herman Frederick Elliot, the sons, and William Elliott Lockhart, and James Heriot Balfour, the executors nominate, was resealed in London on the 17th ult., the value of the personal estate in England and Scotland amounting to upwards of £ 36,000. The will (dated May 4, 1880), with three codicils (dated, respectively, May 5, 1880; Marsh 15, 1882; and Jan. 6, 1885), of Colonel Frederick Romilly, J.P., Deputy Chairman of the Customs, M.P. for Canter- bury from 1850 to 1852, late of No. 55, Eccleston- square, S.W., who died on April 6 last, was proved On the 18th ult. by the Right Hon. Lady Elizabeth Amelia Jane Romilly, the widow, Samuel Henry Romilly, the son, and the Hon. George Francis Stewart Elliot, the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £ 34,000. The testator bequeaths X3000 and all the furniture, plate, jewellery, horses and carriages, and household effects at Eccleston- square to his wife. All his real estate in Glamorgan (charged with the payment of S10,000 in aid of his personal estate) and his leasehold house and grounds, called Barry," together with the furniture therein, he gives to his son Samuel Henry. The residue of his property he leaves upon trust, for his wife, for life and at her death L8000 is to be paid to the trustees of the settlement on his daughter Elizabeth Mary Seymour, and the ultimate residue to his three children, Frederick William, Hugh Hastings, and Gertrude Emily. The will (dated Dec. 20, 1882), of Mrs. Belinda Arrowsmith, late of No. 46, Sydenham Park, Syden- ham, who died on March 31 last, was proved on the 14th ult. by Edward Masfen Arrowsmith, the son, and William Joseph Foster, the executors, the value of the personal estate exceeding £ 23,000. The tes- tatrix gives legacies and annuities to relatives, friends, and servants. The residue of her property she leaves to her son, absolutely. The will (dated June 18, 1886), of Miss Ivy Webster, late of Exeter, who died on Sept. 15, 1886, was proved on April 16 last by Mr. Henry C. Tombs, the executor. The testatrix, after a bequest to her mother, Mrs. Margaret Barton, of certain personal estate, out of a certain sum of £ 10,000 Consols, to which she is entitled under the will of her father, sub- ject to an annuity of X300, charged by the said will thereon to her said mother for life, bequeaths to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution X1500, for the purchase and maintenance of a lifeboat to be named the Francis Forbes Barton, and to be placed on the Kentish coast; to the Wanstead Orphan Asylum, £ 2000; and to the Devon and Exeter Hospital, the like sum of £ 2000. She also gives considerable legacies to her sister, Kate Barton, and her nephews, the children of her brother, Robert Montague Barton, and appoints her said brother her residuary legatee. -Illitstrated London News.
News
CONGRESS ON INEBRIETY. A Colonial and International Congress on Inebriety and the Special Treatment and Legislation needed for the diseased Inebriate was held the other day at the Westminster Town Hall. The Congress was pro- sided over by Dr. Kerr, and there were a large number of delegates present. The President delivered his opening address, in the oourse of which he remarked that the act of drunken- ness must not be confounded with the disease of inebriety, which latter was a disease of the nervous system allied to insanity, and characterised by an almost overpowering impulse to, or craving for, the oblivion of narcotism-a true intoxication-mania, or, as ho preferred to call it, narcomania. There was no Royal road to temperance. There were certain indications of sound treatment. The first was the un- conditional withdraw al of the poison, which might be immediate with alcohol, chloral, ether, and chloroform. but should generally be gradual with opium and mor- phia. The second indication was the removal, if pos- sible, of the exciting cause. The third indication was the reparation of the physical damage wrought by ine- briety, the remedying of the pre-inebriate morbid ooo- ditiop, and the strengthening of the moral control. A year's residenca in a genuine Home for Inebriates was generally desirable. The results of treatment at the Dairymple Home had been most satisfactory, more than one-half of the cases having been restored to their friends and to society. The president then left the chair, which was taken —~ by Dr. Cameron, M.P., who referred to the treatment of inebriates, and said that the Dalrymple Home was opened at Rickmansworth mainly through the inde- fatigable efforts of the late Mr. Alford and of Dr. Norman Kerr. This Home had been opened since 1883, and had paid its way, the results of the treat- ment having been very encouraging. The Rev. Dr. De Colleville, of Brighton, read a paper on Continental Legislation for Inebrities," in which he detailed the regulations in force in various countries of Europe, and urged that the English Habitual Drunkards' Act should be made compulsory. The Rev. J. W. Horsley, late chaplain of the Clerkenwell House of Detention, said that as there bad been 20,003 admissions annually to Clerkenwell Prison, inebriety was constantly before him. In ordinary prisons at least half the inmates would be in prison entirely through drink, and another fourth indirectly. Thousands of cases every year proved that, even in old standing cases, sudden abstinence VM quite safe. A clever doctor whom he ministered o for three months before hanging said the imprison- ment was a blessing, for he could not or would not cure himself of the morphia habit, and now through prison he was a free man. All prison doctors, when asked what evil they had seen arise from the sudden disuse of alcohol, replied None." A brief discussion followed. Dr. B. W. Richardson explained the action of heart and circulation in the inebriate classes by sphyg- mographic tracings, which demonstrated that there was a deviation from health in every stage of in- ebriety. Not only must the alcohol be thrown out of the system, but it must be kept out till the perverted body came back to its natural state. Several other papers on inebriety and the maladies connected with it were read, and were followed by discussion. In the evening a company of about 250 sat down to dinner in the large hall, Dr, Norman Kerr pre- siding. Among those present were Sir Wilfrid Lawson, M.P., Dr. Cameron, M.P., Mr. M'Lagan, M.P., Canon Ellison, Dr. B. W. Richardson, Lord and Lady Mount-Temple, and Lord and Lady Den- man. The Chairman proposed the toast of The Queen and Royal Family," and The Houses of Par- liament" was proposed by Sir E. Saunders, and responded to by Lord Denman and Mr. M'Lagan, M.P. Several other toasts followed, all being drunk in non-intoxicating wines.
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SEVEN MONTHS IN MANCHURIA. Mr. H. E. Fulford, student interpreter in the Chiaa Consular Service, was sent last year on a tour of observation in Manchuria, of which he has given an interesting account in a report addressed to the British Minister at Pekin. Manchuria is b little known to European travellers, and it appears to possess few natural attractions. Travelling is diffi- cult ,as the only means of locomotion are walking and mule-riding, and the paths are narrow and dan- gerous. Nevertheless, Mr. Fulford and his party pushed on at a rate of more than 20 miles a day, spending but 142 travelling days in getting over about 2866 miles. The Chinese local authorities gave them but little assistance. Nothing could be got in the shape of official guidance, but an old soldier was found, who seems to have proved fairly efficient as a conductor, and who induced a relative of his own to supply the party with mules. The journey was begun on the 19th of May, and finished on the 12th of December. Manchuria lies between Mongolia on the west and Russian territory on the east, in latitude from 40 deg. to 52 deg. north. Mr. Fulford did not go farther north than Tsi-Tsi-Har in latitude 46. The climate north of the river Sungari is terribly severe, the country being covered with snow daring a considerable part of the year. The French missionary priests at Hulan state that the lowest temperature observed by them is 56 deg. Fahrenheit below zero, equal to 88 deg. of frost. The English travellers encoun- tered tho first frost on the 25th of September on the plains of Tsi-Tsi-Har, but in a more southern latitude there was no severe weather till November. The greatest cold they experienced was at Kai Yuan, in latitude about 43, on the 10th of December, when the thermometer fell to 13 degrees below zero. The country is inhabited by a very mixed population, and, though Chinese authority is undisputed, Manchulaws and customs are in force, and the Manchu language is both written and spoken. Brigandage prevails to alarge extent. It was common a few years ago for farmers to carry arms while at work in their fields, and even now attacks are occasionally made upon the towns by marauding bands which have their headquarters in the mountains. In 1885 an organised raid waa made on a town by the robbers, who, it was said, had bribed the magistrate to offer no resistance. The citizens made such a vigorous defence, however, on their own account that the marauders were driven off, and the treacherous official was afterwards de- graded. The Chinese settlers have a very poor opinion of their local Manchu rulers, and a still worse one of the bannermen," or militia, sent for their protection. Chinese tribunals have, however, lately been established, and these have given great satisfaction. An area of something like 200 square miles, around the highest portions of the Long White Mountains, is inhabited by a race of hardy hunters, principally of Shantung origin. The Chinese authorities at Kirin, the principal town of the district, being unable to protect them, these people have formed themselves into guilds. One of these, whose members are drawn from a widely-extended district, numbers 1000 able-bodied men. A headman and assistants are chosen by general vote, and manage the society's affairs at the Guild-house, which serves as a refuge in winter for those driven down from the high valleys by the snow. Stringent rules are enacted by the Guilds with regard to robbery and the harbouring of bad characters, and also concerning the treatment of immigrant Coreans. These people are allowed to work for Chinese em- ployers, but not to till the soil on their own account; neither are they permitted to ash. The reason assigned for the latter prohibition is that they are at once so lazy and eo skilful in the use of the rod, that if angling were permitted to them they would do nothing else. The proximity of the country to Russian territory has led to some attempts at trading, but so far, it would appear, without any great success. The Russian steam launches ascendbd the Sungari as far Hulan some five or six years ago, and attempted to trade, but some disturbance took place, and it is believed that further attempts in the same direction were forbidden. It is noted, however, that in the eastern parts of the country matches were met with of American make, which had been obtained from the Russians. All the cloth in the country comes from Russia. Mr. Fulford's party had no passports for Russian territory, and felt some diffidence, there- fore, about entering it. On asking permission to do so, however, they received an invitation from Colonel Solokovski, commanding at Nova Kyeosk. On their way to accept this invitation the travellers saw in an inn yard a brass pillar, erected by the Imperial Com- missioner, Wu-ta-Cheng, to commemorate his victory over the Russians in the settlement of a frontier dispute. The latter were about to establish a post at the spot, which is taid to be an important one, commanding the Chinese camp at Hun Chun. They were induced, however, to fall back five miles, and the Chinese were naturally elated at their triumph. One of the Russian officers spoke French and two English, but these were the only exceptions to the universal ignorance of foreign languages which Mr. Fulford found to prevail. From M. Maturin, the Russian Commissary at Schwanka, some interest- ing information was obtained. He was on the spot in 1880, when the Russian and Chinese Empires were on the verge of war, and was sent one day with a guard of fifty Cossacks to tell the Chinese com- manders that peace was assured. They declined to believed him, refused to admit him into the town of Ninguta, and did what they could to prevent his obtaining supplies. The best possible relations now exist between the Russian officers and the Chinese General in command of the frontier troops. At Ninguta there is a telegraph office, which was found by Mr. Fulford to be in good working order, so that he was able to send a message to Pekin, and receive an answer in a few hours. This telegraph line is to be extended this year, and will probably be connected with the Russian wires at Blaglovest- schensk. The works have been under the charge of Mr. Schiern, a Dane, but the undertaking is entirely under Chinese management. Even in this remote part of the world the use of the telegraph for the transmistion of money has come to be understood. Mr. Fulford ran short of cash at Kirin, and a firm of bankers there undertook to advance him what was wanted on receiving intelligence by wire that the amount had been paid to their head office in Pekin. The line was interrupted after the first message had been sent off in consequence of floods, but happily the travellers were able to obtain money by the deposit of some valuable articles. The telegraph is now being rapidly extended in China, where, contrary to what has happened in Europe and America, it is ia advance of the making of railways
News
A CLERGYMAN, with not much of a clerical gift, came into a place of worship drenched with rain, and said to a brother as he stood by, as he fhook, and brushed, and wiped his clothes, "I shall certainly take cold if I go into the pulpit so wet.-Ob, no, was the reply, you are always dry enough there. A GENTLEMAN in nothing at all, about to proceed to the sea, is stopped by a policeman. -Policeman What do you mean, sir? You are bathing without a proper costume, from a prohibited portion of the shore.—The gentleman: Bathing Nonsense. I'm going to commit suicide.—Policeman: Oh, I beg your pardon; that alters the case OMAHA Man I see the women of Boston have started a new domestic question.—Missouri Man: What's that?—Ought a woman to black her own boots ?-Of course not.-Wefl, you Missourians are more gallant than I supposed. You say no to that j then?—Certainly. Don't matter whether her boots are blacked or not; a woman has enough to do if she blacks her husband's.
News
SIR WALTER RALEIGH'S HOUSE. There is fresh work afoot (points out the Daily Telegraph) for the societies and private persons who interest themselves in the preservation of historical i English edifices. The Raleigh House Estate at t Brixton-rise has been put up for sale by public auc- ] tion, and, although it was withdrawn in the absence 1 of a sufficiently high bid, there is but too much 1 danger lest a spot which undoubtedly deserves to be i dedicated for ever to the memory of an illustrious 1 Englishman should pass into the bands of the build- ing contractor. So powerful nowadays is this agent of modern civilisation that on its own merits, per- haps, it might be difficult to rescue even this memento of one or the stateliest figares of a glorious period from his rapacious grasp. The case, however, is one in which not historical and antiquarian sentiment alone, but interests of a more widely popular kind, may reasonably be enlisted. That excellent associa- tion which labours to preserve breathing-room in the shape of open spaces for the population of London may well be invited to join in the endeavour to save the Raleigh House Estate from being parcelled out I into I lots." The metropolitan suburb in which it is situated is in great need of a public recreation ground, and would be signally benefitted by the appro- nriation of this "noblv-timbeied park of twelve acres to so useful and popular a purpose. No surer mode of securing the purpetual preservation of the house, a specimen of the best Elizabethan style of architecture, in its midst could be possibly devised, and we earnestly hope that the twofold object which will be served by acquiring this estate for the use of the public may inspire concerted and energetic efforts to redeem it from its impending fate. Raleigh House was for some years the residence of the splendid courtier, the daring navigator, the restless projector, the brilliant man of letters, the heroic State prisoner, and the high-souled political martyr from whom it takes its name. It was here that in the sunnier hours of his life he entertained the great Queen, who, with all her harshness, vanity, and caprice, had at least a generous recognition for greatness in others of which her mean-spirited successor was totally devoid. Hither on fine summer afternoons Elizabeth would cause her barge to be rowed up the now hidden Effra to pay her illustrious courtier a visit and it were pity, indeed, to think that a place associated with the memory of such meetings should be swallowed up for ever in our metropolitan wilderness of brick and mortar, and add another obscure and meaningless row of suburban villas to what Guizot aptly styled the province of houses." The Effra, through which the rowers urged the Royal barge, is as completely lost to us now as were the sources of "Niluswho conceals his fountains to the ancient world. Effra not only conceals her fountains, but struggles under- ground among sewers, cellars and gas-pipes, through most of her course; and it would probably puzzle even the expertest local topographer to point out the spot at which this suburban Naiad is received into the bosom of Father Thames. Raleigh House remains, however, though the waterway which once led to it no longer bears queens and their retinues between its banks; and we trust that from the fate which has befallen the river, the mansion and its surrou-iding pleasaunce may at any rate be preserved. We do not desire to expose ourselves to a charge of exaggeration, and we are anxious, therefore, not to overstate our case. Raleigh House was, as we have said, for some years the abode of the great Sir Walter; and both for that reason, and because of its general claims as a relic of the spacious times of great Elizabeth," we could wish that it may be found possible to preserve it. Yet we cannot go so far as to say that this house, or that any spot in England, can be regarded as specially and uniquely associated with Raleigh's name and fame. The whole earth, said Pericles in his funeral oration over the fitstvictiris of the Peloponnesian war—" the whole earth is the sepulchre of illustrious men and in a wider sense than that intended by the Athenian statesman may we apply these words, not to the sepulchre, but to the abode of such a world-embracing genius as Sir Walter Raleigh. Who, indeed,would undertake to name the spot within our narrow seas, or beyond them, which is the most hallowed by its associations with the ex- ploits, with the labours, or with the sufferings of that great spirit ? The attempt to fix it would lead us far indeed. It might be held that we should have to traverse oceans and continents in search of it. Our pursuit might set us scouring those western seas over which Raleigh bad looked longingly forth from the earliest days of boyhood in his Devonshire home, and to sweep the flag of the Spaniard from whose waters was the daring ambition of his life and the dream of his unconquerable old age. We might even have to disembark on the shores of the New World, and to follow the unresting explorer in the chase of that visionary El Dorado from which he brought back, not, indeed, the gold and gems he hoped for, but a narrative of English daring and fortitude more precious to posterity than the jewels or the ore. Others, again, there might be who would, perhaps, and with a juster sense of the true tests of greatness, decline to seek their hero's real shrine beyond the Spanish Main, and would point to that Tower cell in which the victim of a cowardly monarch's fears and jealousy was condemned to wear out thirteen years of his existence, and, conjuring away the walls of his dungeon with the wand of his genius, left behind him a deathless record of his captivity in a History of the World." Who knows, indeed, but that some might claim to follow him to the last stage of his extraordinary career, and find their highest and most sublimated conception of their hero as he stood by the block on that chill October morning, and gently chid the delay of Master Sheriff with the solicita- tion, Let us be swift," in fear lest his ague should overtake him ere the axe descended, and men should say that he trembled ?" The choice, as we have observed, is a wide one; but we cannot but feel that there is much to be said for the opinion of those who hold that the spot most sacred to the illustrious memory of Walter Raleigh is the site of the scaffold in Old Palace Yard. It is little to be wondered at that the real shrine of this national hero should be so hard to localise, when his own place in history is so difficult to determine. At the outset of these remarks we bestowed upon him a string of titles, every one of which he has an incon- testable right to bear, yet none of which has the satis- fying effect of an exact definition. Sir Walter Raleigh was courtier to his fingers' ends, as was every other ambitious man in a day in which courtiership was the only path to distinction. He was a splendid and suc- cessful courtier too-whether he spread his cloak in the mud before Elizabeth or not; and, assuming the story to be true, we can only say that the mantle of the young gallant was not more soiled in that act of high- flown courtesy than were the hands and knees of his competitors in their daily pursuit of Royal favour. He knew and practised the arts of courtiership, but he had none of its vices of falsehood, of cupidity, and of petty jealousy. He bore himself with magnanimity and self- control, even in the hour of his highest fortunes; and at their lowest, when he stood on trial for his life, he scorned to answer even the virulent Coke with a railing accusation. In the arts of the Court and of the council chamber,however,though his rank was high, it was not pre-eminent. We mention the name of Cecil, or even that of Essex, before his, as we seould give precedence over him to Drake or Frobisher or Hawkins on the roll of seamen. He was endowed with a true and pure poetic gift, and was a master of that massive and stately English prose which was almost the birthright of the Englishmen of his generation. But here again we should hardly class him with the greatest even of the non-professional poets of his day; and the best of his lyrical efforts will not bear comparison with the finer soDnets of Sir Philip Sidney. We cannot call him pre-eminently the man of letters any more than we can style him the ideal courtier or the typical sailor of his time. Perhaps we cannot say that we touch the secret of his greatness even when we sum up his recorded achievements in arms, in arts, and in enterprise. His real supremacy over his contemporaries lay in the fact that, more fully, more variously, and more conspicuously than any of them, he displayed in his own person the manifold workings of that mighty principle of growth, that irresistible upheaval of the soil of human nature, which was the characteristic glory of his era. He resumed in himself, to use the expressive French idiom, the whole spirit of the Elizabethan times. The impulse that created Shake- speare and the instinct that animated Drase were strong within him from the dawn of his manhood until his dying hour. He was as much an outcome of the moral forces which shattered the Armada and changed the destiny of the Western Hemisphere as he was of the intellectual revolution which broke the swathing-bands of our language and left us that im- perishable heritage of literature which has placed us first among the nations of the world. And those who seek the fittest sanctuary of his name and memory must revert again to the advice of the Athenian orator, and look for it, not in any material record or local habitation in his Eative country, but in those inmost recesses of the human mind and spirit which his career and his example have done so much to ennoble and enlarge.
News
rERRIBLE TRAGEDY IN TYRONE. A MADMAN'S MURDEROUS PROGRESS. A Newry correspondent reports that one of the most shocking events that has ever taken place in ;he county occurred a short distance from Rathfri- land, on Saturday morning. James Heslip, the man who has committed a series of murders, is a saddler jy trade, and has been in business in Rathfriland for several years. About three years ago he had to be kept in an asylum for a short time. On Monday of last week the police arrested him and brought him before the magistrates, but as no person was 0 present bo swear that he was a dangerous lunatic he was libe- rated. His relatives took charge of him, and kept him in their house until Saturday morning. Heslip, after leaving the house of his relatives, walked over to his own house. He was next seen to come out again with a billhook in his hand and walk across the town in the direction of Ballyroney. He met and attacked two carters, who whipped their horses, and so ascaped injury. Other persons, unfortu- nately, did not escape. An old man named Samuel Henning was shortly afterwards found lying insen- ( sible and covered with wounds, and beyond hope of recovery. He next appears to have killed an elderly woman named Nancy Mulholland, whose body was gashed and mutilated in a shocking manner. In one of the fields adjoining the road along which Heslip was passing some people were making hay. A young woman named Maggie Spiers, her father, and two young men were working with scythes. Heslip entered the field and rushed at them with the bill- hook. The men defended themselves with their scythes, and the maniac retreated. He, however, immediately returned to the attack, and rushed upon the men with so much determination that the two young men were frightened and fled. The madman then struck the young woman a blow with the bill- hook on the side of her head, cutting her skull in two and killing her on the spot. He then attacked her father, and striking him a dreadful blow knocked him senseless. Heslip then walked out of the field and pursued bis way along the road. At some distance from the place where he had murdered Maggie Spiers and fatally wounded her father, Heslip met a woman named Eliza Higgins, and attacked her and beat her about the head with the billhook until she became unconscious. The doctors are of opinion that she will not recover. Heslip then stripped himself and jumped into a lake near at hand, and swam about for some time. Afterwards he attacked every person who came in his way. The crowd fled precipitately at his approach. One old man, however, had provided himself with a weapon by tying an old bayonet to a pole, and confronted the murderer. The maniac's paroxysm of madness had by this time apparently expended itself, and, being hard pressed by the crowd, he ran off and flung himself into the lake, emerging again in a few minutes, and charging the crowd again and again. By this time the police bad been summoned. They found the murderer in the centre of the lake, which was surrounded by excited people. The constables at once plunged into the lake, and after a terrible struggle secured Heslip and brought him on land. He was then removed amid the execrations of the crowd to the police barracks in Rathfriland, and on the way he narrowly escaped being lynched. Subse- quently he was taken to Armagh Asylum. On Satur- day an inquest was opened on the victims, and ad- journed.
News
GARDENING FOR THE WEEK. WATERING and mulching peas, onions, celery, and other crops is the chief work requiring attention whilst dry weather prevails. Apply the water copi- ously where it is necessary during the early or latter part of the day. Leeks transplant, giving the plants abundance of water directly afterwards. ASPARAGUS shoots with foliage branching out ought to be supported by stakes to prevent them being injured by heavy thunderstorms. The beds may be dressed with salt. Endive and lettuce sow, first well watering the ground if dry, and after the seed is sown cover with a mat until germination takes place, then gradually remove it. The seeds germinate more readily and Eatisfactorily this way. KEEP THE HOE going amongst growing crops, and thin out beet, etc., where growing too thickly to- gether: also stake peas and beans and earth up potatoes. Bioccoli and winter greens continue to plant out where space permits. Vegetable marrows require abundance of water now. Peg down the leading shoots to induce the formation of roots. CUCUMBEKS on ridges keep moist at the root, and on mornings and evenings of bright warm days sprinkle tepid water over the foliage. Water may be warmed for this purpose by filling a few glass bottles in the morning and letting them remain in the sun until evening, then emptying the contents. Those in frame treat as recommended in previous calendars. Melons in flower set as quickly as possible, and those with fruit swelling give occasional supplies of weak liquid manure. Tomatoes in pots require plenty of water, and the removal of lateral growth (i.e., side shoots) not needed for fruit bearing. PROPAGATION of hardy shrubs by means of cuttings of the firmest shoot3 from three to six inches long, inserted in a shady border; also herbaceous plants, such as pentstemons, phloxes, antirrhinums, &c., and roses may now be easily effected. Tea and other roses will strike freely with the lower end placed in a bottle of soft water suspended from the roof of a shady greenhouse. Budding, providing we have some showery weather, can be proceeded with. Pear, plum, and other fruit trees, remove superfluous growths from, and pinch out of those that are to remain in accordance with previous directions. RED CURRANT and gooseberry trees should have all weakly side shoots pinched back to within a couple of inches of their base, and the remainder shortened to six inches. Fruit crops, where likely to prove too heavy, thin out wherever practicable. VINES with berries colouring, give more air to night and day. A little guano sprinkled on the floor will assist the berries greatly in colouring, and keep down insects. Later houses, water and treat as advised for the earlier grapes in former calendars. CINERARIAS and primulas, transplant into small pote from the seed box, and place in a cold frame. Seed of the former may still be sown, as also herbaceous calceolarias. Zonal pelargoniuma for winter flower- ing should be encouraged to make a sturdy growth by giving them abundance of air if growing in frames, and removing all flower stems as they appear. Fuchsias require shade and abundance of water at the roots; if once allowed to become dry tho buds will fall. SOWING SEEDS AND PLANTING.—Only a short spell of hot and dry weather quickly renders some soils almost unworkable, and particularly difficult to get into condition for either planting or seed sowing yet both operations have to be done ;n hot weather, as if we wait for a showery time we may easily miss the proper time for sowing or planting. Stiff working soil bakes rapidly in bright snnsbine, and it can only be got into a suitable condition for sowing or planting with the aid of liberal soakfhgs of water. This, given a few hours prior to working it, causes the largest and hardest lumps to separate readily; they are as well pulverised in fact as frost and rain could do it. Land that does not bind in this manner, and which may yet be too dry for either purpose, should be treated differently. Supposing lettuces, or cabbages are either to be sown or planted, first draw the drills and then well moisten them. In a short time the sowing may be done, and the drills filled in. This effectively encloses the moisture, dry soil being a good non-conductor of moisture, and is a far better plan to surface waterings after the seeds are sown and covered. The latter plan seldom answers well in hot weather. We plant cabbages, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and savoys, in well moistened drills, watering them in, and give more water occasionally till they are well rooted, when a final soaking is given and then the plants are well moulded up. These drills may be drawn two or three inches deep, on quite hard land, with a heavy hoe, and besides being easily moistened in the first instance, they make it an easy matter to well soak the plants with either water, or better still, liquid maunre and sewage water. If radish, cabbage, carrot, or onion seed is sown broad-cast, first well moisten the ground, tbe a 'sow the seed and cover with fiae dry soil. It is really surprising how surely and quickly seeds germinate under this treatment. TEA Rosrs.-These (points out Old Adam ") are charming now for cutting for the rooms, and to insure a continuous bloom till the frost comes in November, mulch and feed well with liquid manure to keep up the vigour of the plant, as continuous growth means a constant succession of beautiful buds. In this respect, the teas are better and more manageable than the hybrid perpetuals. I like to have beds of tea roses on their own roots; there is no fear then of losing them in a well-drained soil. Cuttings of the young wood will root now, or as soon as the young shoots are getting a bit firm. A close frame with a bottom heat of 75 to 80 deg. will be the place for them. Make up a slight hot-bed, they will pay for it. I like cocoanut fibre for the striking-bed parUy decayed, it retains the moisture so well. More cut- tings are killed by an irregular water supply than all other causes combined, and a medium that doe3 not require watering often is the best. I hope to see col- lections of tea roses in every garden. Nothing but the notion that they are very tender has kept them in the background. They may be purchased now in pots, and this is a good time to plant.-Amateur Gardening.