The Merthyr Express

JUNE 4, 1910.. I Antiquarian Column. I WELSH WORTHIES. It will be a work well worthy of this "Col- o..nn" to do something to reascue the names of local worthies from oblivion. Who will help? Here are two, of whose personal history, I be- lieve, little is known(1) William Moses, of Merthyr Tydfil, whose "Caino y Gog" (2nd edition) was published in 1824, 144p., was a. person well known in his day. In "Awenydd- ion Morganwg," where there is an elegy to his memory, we are told that he died November 27th, 1824, aged 82. (2) Thomas Williams iGwilym Morganwg) is another whose name is little beard of now. He died August 13th, 1835, aged 55. I believe his poetical works have been published. Perhaps some reader can give particulars. A pamphlet bearing' the title, "Y dull yr aeth y byd o chwith," 1817, has been attributed to him.—Q.Q. ROWLET LLAKBRADACH is supposed to have been a well-known Merthyr man at one time. He published an English essay on the "Minerals of South Wales," under the pen-name of "Tubal Cain." Are there no Merthyr friends still surviving who can identify and give furthw particulars of him ?-T.O.V Siow LLLVWZLYN (1691—1776) did not seem to have a high opinion of the disposition of Gwyr j Faifcnor It is thus he sings of them. "Chwi wyr y Faenor oerion, Mi garwø wel'd eieh danfon Yr oehok hwnt i'r moroedd pell, Nes deloch yn well cyfeillion. What is ..It-sir present reputation? Of AberfUtre be sings: "Aberdar sy' bwdwr, Mae'n abl i fegio aiwgwr; Ond dewch i'r Faenor loyw, Ian, Ceweh ynq dati a SWCWT." Q. Q. DAFYDD SION GRIFFITH. What is known of this person? He was a frequent contributor to "Seren Gorner, under the nom-ds-plume of "'Home Tooke." The fol- lowing I have copied from somewhere, I know not where; 4'Ar farwola-sth Dafydd Sion Griffith (Home Tooke), Merthyr, Ionawr Sfed, 1838. Aetb Dafydd gelfydd ei fan—d'i acedd I huno mewn graean; Ni oheir araeth loyw-iaith, lan, • Yn hollol o hyn allan." -S.. N. S. LOCAL MINISTERS. One of your correspondents has suggested the desirability of having the names of the ministers of the older churthes. Here follow those of Cefncoed-y-Cymmer :IUèhard Reés, 1747—1749; Philip Charles (Philips), 1749—1790; Thomas Davies, 1700-1832; Daniel Da Vies, 1832--1837; Owen Evans, 1837—1865; Rees Cribin Jones (supplies two summers); Isaac Thomas Williams, 1867-1873; Evan Cer?dig Jones (supplies); John liathren Davies, 1877- 1910.— S N. S. What may be the meaning of the following? I, is taken from the original autograph copy:— "Nid wyf yn tybied mai Doethineb i chwi gael Ty Cwrdd Coed-y-Cymmer bob yn ail Sabbath; ond dylai Mr. Davies a't Gynull- eidfa ei gaal fel o'r blaen. Y m&e Mr. Wil- liams, o Hendredenny, o'r un meddwl a minnau yn y peth hwn, yn ol tystioJaeth Siencyn Thomaa Sion wrthyf fi. "JOlIN WITLt&=- j'PflnrHiw'r Glais, Mawrth 30, 1805." -8. N. S. REV. DAVID SAUNDERS. The Rev. David Saundere, a Merthyr Baptist minister, a poet and author of some well- known hymns, was born at Under grove, near Lampeter, in 1769, and died in 1840. Specimens of his poetry will be found in "Awenyddion Mor-zanwg," but the following pretty skits are not there:— On beinsr asked the way to Penmeilart (Pea- Baoel-allt), Saunders replied: 'Ar hyd v plwyf yn groea i'r grn&n, Can ddechreu'n mlaen y pyhfioB, Ileb droi i'r aswy nac i'r dae, Ti ei i'r lie yn union!" On being asked somewhere once what he Would hayo for breakfast, ha replied im- Ofomntu; •'Rho owns o ddail yr India^ A hwnw nid Bo-he, A siwgwr gwyn o'r gwyna, A li iifen Jrydag e'; A bava wedi ei gTasu, A 'menyn à.mo'n Hawn, A chwlff o gaws Caerffili- Gwimifl fiecwast gweddol Ja. 111 T: C. V, lkl]3, ROBERT CRAWSHAY AND THE PUDDLERS OF CYFARTHFA. The following is a copy of a notice that wze printed a% a big placard fend poster about Ciyf- Wthia. Ironworks over half a. century ago. ft will be 'nieresting to iron and steel workao oi to-uay as a memento of the relatio;o of !!P.lt.t tHg ? t* RW "To THB CYTABTBVA PTTDDLEBU. **Id consequence of the, great loss I sustain in the waste of Iron and Coal, by Men neglect- f in* their work, I hereby give Notice, that the following Fines *frill be more strictly enforced than they have hitherto been. than they have hitherto been. "As Sunday Night mar be an excuse for not working, I desire tnat henceforth the Puddling Furnaces be Lighted at Ten o'Clock that Night, instead of Four -OClock in the Afternoon; so that the first Furnace shall com- mence Rolling at Six o'Clock Monday Morn- ing And in consideratiou of this, I expsct to have more work done on the Saturday, so that the make of Iron in the Week may be the same as before this alteration. "It being the desire and wish Of the Men to work Two Sets by a Furnace, in place of Three, I hereby give them leave to do so, subject to the following Rule. and Regulations. "Rules and Regulations. "1. The Puddlefs to Light their Furnaces it Ten o'clock Sunday Night, and the first Fur- nace to commence Rolling at Six o'Clock Mon- day Morning. "2. Each Turn Or 8* of Men to make Six Heats every Day and Night during the Week, but on the Saturday to work Seten Heats. "3. Any Puddler not making the Seven Heats on tbe Saturday, to be fined Five Shil- lings. "4. Any Puddler losing his work through any cause but illness, to be Sued Five Shillings. "5. Any Puddler losing Two Heats to be fined Two Shillings and Sixpence. "6. Any Puddler bringing Beer into the Works, in quantity above One Quart, will be fined one Shilling for the first time he is seen, and Two Shillings for the eefcond. "7. Any Puddler getting drunk and making a disturbance in the Work, to be fined Five Shillings. "For William Crawshay, "R.Otftt T. CftAWBHAf, "Cyfstthte, August 25th, 1863. "I atii sorry that it hfcs become actually necessary for me th give such Notice as the above, and it is much against my inclination that I do so; but the great loss now occasioned by the BiTRAOKDtNABY neglect of work, through drunkenness. and idleness, had com- pelled me so to do, that I may be enabled to eirfy on the Works in a proper and efficient manner. "There are a great many good and steady men amongst you; and I am feure they will all Agree with me as to what I have doue,-for hone suffer by theee &ules except the drank- afdfi, and they suffer only by their own doings. "I trust you will eee the folly of idling away your time and Spending your money in drinking, and that you who are now in the habit of frequenting the Public-house for days together will oease doing eo; and be contented with drinking only what will do you good. You should also beer in mind, that by drinking in working time, every quart of beer you pay for, costs you double or treble what it would in your leisure time. "LIV raan ought now to (toll to his remeoa- brancfe the hard times lately passed, and by w doing, will then see how necessary it is for him to make the best use of the present, by putting by all he possibly can spare, BO M to be pre- paved for the next depression. "We cannot expect such times as the present to last for ever; therefore, both mastM and ma-n-a.4 far as in their power—ought to pre- pare for worse. It is our duty to make the bast tise of the present time, and not to let such an opportunity pass without some fit. Those that use their best, endeavour to do 80 will have no cause hereafter to ftprosoh them- selves, and will not have to regret money squandered away in dt-unkennew; therefore, let me advise you most earnestly not to let slip the present opportunity ef permanently benefiting y°^rhos9 who cannot keep money, or who do not feel inclined, let them lay it out in clothing decently and respectably their families, and furnishing their houses; sO that when the bad times come, they will then only have to pur- chase the actual necessaries of Me with their decreased means.. "Every man who has a well furnished house knows the comfort it is, and feels a pleasure whenever he enters; but the man Who enters his house and met nothing but bate walls, a slovenly wife, "d children Clothid in tags drawling on the flftot in dirt and filth,-iiiust feel very differently. This man must feel it is all his own doing, and that such misery and wretchedness are all occasioned by has spending the money in the be>er house, instead of taking it hoifce for his wife and children. To get rid of such proof of hia unwotthraate, he. flies asaifc to the fmblie house> and there dfOVms all ffc- membmnoe, and thereby is still more the wretchedness of his family, The man who has 9, clean and tidy wife, children cleanly apt, well fed and clothed, and a house well furnished, feels flighted in coming home to fcpend lite evening in atousing and playing with his children. He musft feel a pride in seeing before him substantial proofs of his kindness, steadiness, sobriety and industry. This feeling induces him to persevere in such im excellent mode pf life; and by doing this, he obtains the respect and good will of those who know him, which is one of the gre4test jessing* m Jais powet to obtaih. Trusting you will all a this advice in inS im ftQg- *m9! ww it laK. mi that you will all try and do your best to gain the esteem and respect of your fellow-men, remain, your well-wisher and friend, "ROBERT T. Crawbhay^"

CORRESPONDENCE. The Editor wishes it to be distinctly understood that he wUI not bold himself responsible for the opinions or statements of correspondents, nor under- take to return rejected manuscript. Correspondents MUST write on one side of the paper only. Correspondents are requested to condense their re- marks as much as possible as. owing to the very great demands upon our space, we cannot undertake to pablish 1 fetters of great length. Letters of a personal character will not be inserted. -'I TO CORRESPONDENTS. I Samuel Betan, Blaokwood, The CSAJe, Tre- degar, is 1,025ft. above sea level; Shon Sheff- rey's house, 1200ft-; and the highest house in Trevil, 1,420ft. Seferal letters are held oter until next week owing to pressure oh our apace. SUNDAY POLITICAL MEETINGS IN THE MERTHYR PARKS. Sir,—Being attracted to Cyfarthfa Castle and Pàirk bt. the anndunoement in the "Merthyr Express that there was to be a band concert on Sunday evening, judge my astonishment to see that only a few were attracted to hear the band or enjoy a promenade in the beautiful park. Suddenly I remembered that the I.L. P. Summer Crusade was to start that afternoon in Thomastown Park, and at 7 in the evening Cyfarthfa Park was to be invaded by the I.L.P., when the leading exponent of Social- ism, Mr. W. C. Anderson would be the speak- er. It strudk me this might account for the poor attendant at the band concert, as music- lovere don't care for Socialism or stump orators disturbing' the quiet enjoyment of the Sunday stroll in Cyfarthfa Park. Surely the I.L.I*, should be satined to have the Thomastown Recreation Ground wherein to air their Social- istic views and carry on their crusade of Social- itm., The eevefal ministers in Merthyr and Ddwiaia, hetuded by the Rev. Peter Price, should send in a united p against the Socialists desecrating Cyfarthfa Park. Surely, Thomastown Recreation Ground is quite suffi- cient for them to do their spouting. It the I.JL.P. members are in a majority on the Coun- cil, other members should defend the rafce- ?&yeis. Mr. Isaac Edwards, on behalf of the 'oung Liberals, should moke his voice heard before it is too late. JOHN OWEN. 80, Graweh, Brecon-road, Mfcrthyr. MERTHYR ART GALLERY AND A LOCAL ARTIST. Sir,-Aaving paid several visits to the Art Gallery at the Cyfarthfa Castle, t have each time become more impressed with the magnifi- cence of the works of our townsman, Mr. Tom Pfytherch, who, I am convinced, is worthy of the utmost support, either of h.i6 friends or by our progressive Corporation. The motive which has led me to pen this letter is one which I think deserves some support, and after ser- ious etudy and with a view of obtaining the advancement both of our townsman artist and the permanent gallery, I throw out the fol- lowing suggestion, namely, that either the Cor- pOration, or the firlahy admirers of Mr. Tom Prytheseh, should purohiase the picture, "Inter- ior of St. Paul's Cathedral," which has been kindly lent by the artist. This picture is in itMlf a wealth of detail, and as a subject for studious reflection, in perspective, colour, light and shade, it has no rival in the present collec- tion. With every respect and appreciation, I appeal to Hife Worship the Mayor (Coun. JV T. James), our ex-Mayor (Aid. D. W. Jones), and the Secretary (Mr. Isaac Williams) to give this m&tfcer some consideration, for surely the gallery of hi* native town should be the gallery to first hang the product of the native genius 0 brush. I really believe that it is the duty of the towns' people to secure the advancement of so talemted an artist a* Tom Prytheroh. Let us be up and doing, ahd while the artist is yet in the prime of life, assist him, and thus encourage as fair as possible the best abilities that now lid dormant within the man. Remember that Penry Wil- liams's works would to-day have been non- existent had it not been for the love of art and the charitable dispositions displayed by cer- tain gentlemen, who patronised the artist royal- ly, and even went so far as to finance his tour into Italy, If such were done for Penry Wil- liams, why caaMOt the same be done for our present representative in the Art world-Toni Prytheir.b-who, if given any chapoe, will cer- tainly merit aU the confidenoe and expectations plaoed ia him, In passing, a word of praise tttueb also be sokid regarding the splendid in- terest displayed by our Mayor in the Art Ex- hibition. To the uninitiated, it may be ii. surprise to team that His Worship has pra- sented the Gallery with a handsome collection of curios and art productions. It is gratifying to see so many people regularly attending the exhibition, and I trust that the attendance will justify the greater fsdeqsipn pf the good work. 7 9 13ERT HERDSON. i,- AnM.

CEFN LIBRARY. Sir,—After beginning his letter with one of the most confused metaphors ever written, "Pot the White" has not even touched upon the points at issue with regard to Cefn Library; in fact, he appears to be hopelessly ignorant as to what are the real causes of this dispute and, therefore, his letter has no definite purpose, but aims anywhere and at random. He has told us, most inappropriately, I think, that a minister, (some 15 years ago) was tcld that his presence was not absolutely essential to the carrying out of the affairs of this institution. Surely this is, in his eyes, most unpardonable. He will still be more disgusted when he learns that no member of the Library to day thinks that the presence of any minister is indispensable; at present, we are getting on without them, yet I don't think that the Library is deteriorating, and were all the ministers in the parish to be- come members to-morrow, they would simply be considered as fellow-members of a good and sup- port-deserving institution. "Pot the White" requires me to give him the amount of money taken in the billiard-room and the amount of money taken from subscribers. He would then deduce, I assume, tLe percentage of members who frequent the place only for the purpose of playing billiards. Let him, for the moment, consider the gross misrepresentation he would be causing. Last year, billiards could be played for more than 300 days; subscriptions could be paid four times only. These, of course, cannot in anyway be compared, and 110 substan- tial evidence could be worked-out from the figures were I to give them. Again, the billiard- change does not add anything to the bulk or final utlity of the labour valued commodity; the latter function deals only with products. No science is possible without making distinc- tions and abstractions. Your correspondent savs that "Socialism teaches that man has no right to land or to himself." What an absurd tra- vesty. The object of Socialism is to obtain land for the landless; and freedom for the individual (not freedom to exploit his fellowman). The State is but a collective term for the people; and how State-created injustice" will come to pass under Socialism, when the people will be the State, is a question which only the logic of "A Catholic Social Reformer" can hope to an- swer. His last letter is too ridiculons to merit serious treatment. But I cannot pass without saying that I strongly resent his accusation that I attacked Catholicism. I did not attack Catholicism; and I ask him to apologize. Failin that, I shall bid him 4 definite good- bye.—Yours faithfully," UNE SANSCULLOTE. Aberfan, May 18th. P.S.—I thank your correspondent for his "manly offer," but I regret, for very good rea- sons, that I cannot see my way clear to con- form with his suggestion.—U.S.

THE HOUSING ACT AND TREDEGAR DISTRICT COUNCIL. Sir,—One might think by the attitude and talk of some persons that those who advocate municipal house building are fanatics and dealers in new-fangled ideas. This proves tVat these I persons are influenced by prejudice and self- from Dr. Spencer Lowe's report on the sani- tary circumstances of thg Tredegar Urban District for 1909 (e report which must be most gratifying and flattering to the late Council). Why did they not ask Dr. Spencer Lowe for an explanation of what seems to them a mistake exp in his figures? The following table gives the death and birth rates and infantile mortality from 1900 to 1908:- Death Birth Infantile Deaths I ra.te Tate Mortality under per per per on« Year. 1,000 1,000 1,000 Year, > Population. Population. Births. 1 1900 21-85 36.08 122 81 L 1901 19.93 40.43 166 125 » 1902 22.84 39.20 194 142 1903 16.96 40.05 127 96 1904 20.21 38.01 193 140 1905 19.84 39.80 187 144 1906 16.12 39.75 128 100 1907 19.30 37.93 157 118 1908 18-75 39.85 134 107 "The,Lancet" of March l&th, 1910, said: "Recent returns from London County Council dwellings show that in the most crowded quar- ters of London fhc death rate can be reduced to 8 per 1,000. iin grim facts wbicb are to follow show, lic-wever, that the condition of the housing, even when diffused, may be re- sponsible for much avoidable disease. This nardly needs stating, it is true, and it is not often that it is so obvious as in Wales. The official returns relating to tuberculous phthisis, pulmonary tuberculosis, cane-i, and diphtheria indicate a state of affairs that is somewhat

MERTHYR OLYMPIA SKATING RINK. CARNIVAL DECORATIONS. Ph°fe>] {Harris, Mntfcyr.

I Miss JENKINS (For forty-two years headmistress of Aber- morlais Girl.s' School, Merthyr, and who retired on Tuosd&y). :——-— room only one branch of the institution, and the branch that is not free. Let a small sum be the branch that is not free. Let a small sum be charged every time one wants to see a paper, I or borrow a book, then, working on the basis of last year, I am positive that the amount will not compare unfavourably with the receipts of the billiards-rc* ¡ LECTUS. I UNITY OF SHOPKEEPERS AT I MOUNTAIN ASH. Sir,—I should like a small space in your valu- I able paper to refer to the movement which the I shop assistants of Mountain Ash are going to take as regards unity of closing on Bank Holi- days or any other holidays which may orop up at any time. I noticed that a reference was made to the movement in your last Week's number, and I hope that they will carry it to effect. Many assistants are doti6 Out of a holi- day through the obstinacy of a few employers, especially the drapers. I hope that somebody mofe in the know of the troubles of shop as sistants will furnish us with them; then there will be a chance of attaining the unity and also the rights that Shop assistants ought to have.— I remain, yours, etc., EXPECTANT. CAN A CATHOLIC BE A SOCIALIST? Sir,-To argue with a man who is constitu- tionally incapable of appreciating elementary logit seems to me to be a waste of time. Your correspondent, "A Catholic Social Reformer," will still persist in foolishly assorting that So- cialism involves Atheism; and the reasons adduced in support of the assertion is, that because Marx and Engels were Atheists, So- cialism is, in consequence, Atheistic. This is not logic, but a glaring violation of common sense. Socialism, like science, implies a method and a movement; it does not say so mnch what shall be done, but what is being done. Socialism, I say, had its origin ih antiquity. It did not originate In the head of a maft, or a set of men, but is an ^volution. And to assert that Socialism had igin and its end in the books of Karl Mar:. as ridiculous as if someone were to assert nebulaes and stars have their beginning änc; ieir end in treatizes on as- tronomy. Socialism is not concerned with the transcendental; it is eminently a social ques- tion. It does not prescribe a particular re- ligion for than to observe; it insists that the latter is a concern of the individual's conscience. Let your correspondent ponder over this Kittl MùX, as your correspondent suggests, was a Jew, who did not believe that Christ was God, but that is no reason for saying that So- cialism is Jewish. It would be quite-at absurd .to conclude that because Aristotle, the Pagan, was the founder of deductive logic, deductive logic is therèfore Paganish. Or again, be- cause Kepler, the Atheist, discovered "the three laws," the science of planetary mdtion ie, there- fore, Atheistic. But where logic is concerned, your correspondent is in a hopeless stew. Fur- thermore, we are told by "A Catholic Social Refotmef" that Marx advocated "violence," which, he says, is "unchristian." Here is per- formed the Oriental performance of straining at a gnat and swallowing a camel. Would "A Car tholic Social Reformer" dare to say that Ro- man Catholicism is "unchristian" because the Roman Church advocates "violence?" I have said that "A Catholic Social Reformer" has never studied the works of Marx and Engels; I have also said that the quotations supposed to have been culled from their works, wmch your correspondent paraded in his letter, were taken from the works of Catholic Anti-Socialists. With vigour I return to that charge. I challenge him again to adduce authority for the statements attributed to Marx made by him in his first letter. If the statements are not to be found in the works of Marx and Engels, one is per- fectly justified in Concluding that they have been taken, from some Anti-Socialist publica- tions. Father Puissant made similar statements about Marx some time ago. Talking about Marx being "the foundation" of the "house" (Socialism), your correspondent says: "Gen- erations nit), have contributed to the making of that house but it rests oa the same foundation. The very same applies to Marx as being the foundation upon which Socialism has rested.' It will now be seen that your correspondent's knowledge of Marx is mainly hearsay. He speaks as if Marx was dead these hundreds of years; otherwise how could "geil. eratioua" have "built" upon him in the mean- time? It may surprize your correspondent to learn that Marx died only two score years ago. Your correspondent having been hopelessly routed from the position which he originally field anett Socialism being hostile to religion, now turns round and says that "Production, correctly speaking, includes distribution and exchange," and that the distinction between production and exchange, made by Socialists, is but an evidence of their "loose thinking-" "Loose thinking, indeed! Let your corres- pondent consult a cheap manual on political economy before urging such rubbish Again. 1 Production begins and ends with the produced coramddity. The commodity is the same when it is finally consumed as when it left the hands of the producer, but with the addition of "tran- ii #1 .ta. {YBiH9JØ 8.f qW)}ÜB !Ha !!=

Miss JONZS (Conductress of the Troedyrhiw Juvegilo Choir). 1 interest, and not by knowledge and patriotism. A little impartial study of the question and a little reflection would oonvinoe them that the Housing and Town Planning Act of 1909 is a most sane and moderate piece of legislation. Indeed, the opponents of the Act seem to for- get that it is an Act of Parliament, or ratber, the fruit of a series of Acts of Parliament ex- tending- from 1890 to 1909, based upon expert investigation, and exhaustive discussion in the House of Commons, and passed by that most reactionary Chamber—the House of Lords. Clause II. has been tried with snooess in suob diverse places as Altrincham, Bangor, Exeter, Merthyr Tydfil, Neath, Sheffield, Stratford, and othor places. It is supported by a great num- ber of the most enlightened and conservative statesmen. TOO onus of proof lies with those who oppose putting the Act into operation. Those who have read the Act and studied the question in all its bearings know that the Act originated, not BO much from a desire to reduce the cost of living of workmen-^lthough that is a factor that weighs with no.-but, from a deBrre to get at the root of saJkitary reform. District Councils are responsible to a greet ex. tent for the health of the community. Any- body who knows anything knows that a great number of diseases arise from bad, unYé-ntiláted houses. There are whole streets in Tredegar unfit for human habitation, Owing to the local- ity and to the construction of the houses. The stanch and impurity arising from these places pollute the atmosphere of the whole town, so that it very often happens that those who do not live in these, impure localities feel their effects. There is a disease prevalent at Tre- degar now. The doctors call it the "German measles." It would be more correct to call :t the Tredegar measles. The inconsistency of those on th4 District Council who refuse to put into operation Clause III. (Sections 24 and 25) of the Housing Act is plainly seen in their action in puttihg into force other Sections of Clause III., such us Sections 31 and 38, which condemn all obstruc- tive buildings, such as back-to-back houses and cellar dwellings. The old District Council, on the information of the Medical Officer of Health, condemned a number of these houses Is dangerous to health and unfit for human habitation. But owing to a scarcity of houses, this injunotion remains a dead letter unto this day, in spite of the law, which says: "On re- ceipt of information from the medical officer, the. local authority inust make order pro- hibiting the use or a dwelling house which ap- pears to them to be in such a state until they decide that it is rendjered fit for human habita- tion." Is there any consistency in actions of this sort? Alderman Thompson, of Richmond, hit the nail on the bead when he said: many local authorities are willing a.t all times tit) dear slum areas and clo6e unhealthy dwellings, be- cause this does not provoke the same degree of opposition from house agents, laiwj speculators, and jerry builders, as schemes under Part In. for too provision of better and cheaper dwell- ngs. It is, however, quite a common exper- ience for schemes for municipal buildings to be wrecked both bp frontal and flank attacks, be- cause, after all, by providing' competitive^ dwell- ings they foroe the handl of those who wish, by limiting the supply of cottages, to keep up ex. cessive rents." Our resources are not exh6ustixL Oven if the present District Council fail to carry out their obligations witli respect to this matter. We have powers of oomplaint on a large and (sys- tematic plao in rospiecb of the non-exercise of housing duties by local authorities. &ction 10 says: "An appeal may be made to the Local Government Board by the County Council, Parish Council, parish meeting, or any four in. habitant householders if the looal Authority within their Mello fails to dsal with insanitary houses or build hew ones whan required." We have medical opinion to back us, and it would be an easy matter to get four inhabitant houses holders to make the appeal. There need be nO fear about the financial aspect. It is foolish to say that those who have striven to build their own houses will have, under this scheme, to help to pay for building houses for others. The houses will pay for themselves, and will not cost a farthing to the ratepayer, but will ulti- mately be a source of revenue to the town. Everything is favourable to it. Money can be obtained from the Publio Works Loans Com- missioners at the rate of 3t per oent interest, with eighty years of time to pay the money back. Private individuals have built houses oa these conditions, and have made money out of them. It is treasonable to expect that la reasonable and beneficial on Act will in the end overcome all prejudice and timidity on the part of those who ferz that they are plunging into unknown pad perilous W^ber.—Youpg truly, EVAN MORQAN. 71, 1+.t Tredegar. DR. SMITH AND TREDEGAR'S INSANITARY DWELLINGS. Sir,-At-thp last meeting pf the tricfc Council (from which I was unavoidably absent, some members could not Undei'oiaml the figures I qupted in my last letter io you alarming. After doe allowance is made for peculiarities of dietary, employment, climate, and other suggested contributory causes, the conclusion becomes quite inevitable that the state of housing in Wales calls for a careful in- quiry and prompt steps to remedy The remedy, as the Ebbw T" > Council are doing, is to build houses, as L owe advises, "to accommodate as many o. thesa poorer families as might be thought necessary. If such buildings were erected to serve, in the first instance, as temporary homes for evicted persons, but ultimately as permanent tene- ments, it would be possible to close the cellar dwellings. and after that back-to-beok (houses) and other oongested areas could be taken in hand. In any event, the District Council should in future enforce cleanliness in these slum areas by using the powers they possess under the Publio Health Acts, and they should not hesitate to institute legal proceed- ings against persons contravening the provisions of these Acts." I have on the agenda "that the Council adopt the Housing, etc., Act of 1909." They will probably make a virtue of a necessity. Four inhabitant householders can petition the Local Government Board to hold a public enquiry. Publicity and enquiries are wanted in Tre- degar. The old Council, on their own state- ment, did their duty. Yet Dr. Lowe states "there is need for much sanitary work in Tre- degar. The Council should take the steps indicated above to deal with the insani- tary house property m the district fbey should, m particular, insist on the pemriattwrt enforcement of notices to abate over-crowding, to cleanse living rooms, and to clear choked closets." The most valuable asset of a nation is its population. The value of that asset is low for those living in slum dwellings. In many cases they contain degenerates; in any case, we can- not look for evolution or improving the rising generation while they inhabit such places. Vice and crime are the natural outcome of the per- petuation of these plaoes. They are an eyesore and a blot on our 20th oaatury civilisation, and a fitting abode for the germs ol disease. The children brought up in such surroundings have the worst influence from the beginning; they know no better; imitation of their eiders is no benefit to them in such homes. Many Acts of Parliament have been passed in recent yearn TO benefit children. Improftment of home life and surroundings is of the first importance, PERCIVAL SMITH. „ t TREDEGAR'S NEED. nT nofclcet* a letter in the "Express" of ( IVTJ1'' from Dr. Smith, one of the members • District Council re insanitary and insufficient dwelling-L I hope, and I am sure he will, do all that lies in his power to get the Housing Act put in foroe in. Tredegar. We must admit it is badly needed throughout W when we see the exorbitant rente charg- ed, mainly due to insufficient workmen's dwell- ings. I cannot say whether or not he has made a mistake in the death rate, but there is no mistake made as to the duties of religious bodies. We have many oh&pels and churches, yet we see so much gaming at earC6 on tiun. days. I am sure Dr. Smith will make an ardu- ous worker for the Council, just the same as in his medical profession.—I fen, yours respect- Juily, CONSTANT READER, THE CHURCH OF r." NT) AND BREWKuS. ir,-r see the Rev. T. C. Davies, after a brief silence, has returned to the attack unre- pentant. Doubtless, during the interval, he has satisfied himself of the truth of my state- ment re the late Rev. C. H. Spurgean and P-o-o. Dr. Parker, and it mewt have been a sur- prise for I put Mr. Spurgaon's strictures against false doctrine preached generally in Dissenting chapels much more mildly than they ware ex- pressed. Mr. Davies resented very much the 1 between sect* and So- ctalism, but the greatest Dissenter of the nine- teenth century & stern warning and fcctive War teenth century & stern warning and fcctive war against Atheism openely taught ia the chapels » dismissed as not worth notice. I hold no briefs for the publican. I have not been inside of any place where drink is vended for nearly two, ^ws, and toy drinking bill does not ex- ceed 6s. a year, Mid I depford the hold it has upon so many, as much as does Mr. Davies, and f~9 deplore that there are ministers of re- ligion to be found who put forward such a base- J }nv6nti^n that the Church is bolstered up and battens tod thrives upoh the intemperance of the people. Such sweeping and reckless statements, like other vain repetitions, in the long run, generally overreach themselves. I believe the chief trouble to the opposition in the House of Commons was that, rightly or wrongly, they attributed to Mr. Lloyd George that he gave political clubs advantages he de- nied to the public-house keeper; in fact, Mr. Balfour charged it openly in the new House. Why were clubs- singled out for markedly pre- ferential treatment? Perhap4 Mr. Davies will now include the Chancellor of the Exchequer in his stricturef4 which, I am sure, the right honourable gentleman would sincerely grieve about. I am told that in London the political clubs are shameless in their proceedings. Sun- day dancing, theatricals, drinking, fighting going on far into the night, I would suggest Mr. Davies made a few virifis to these p&ces; he can easily get entry if he knows a member, and buy as much drink as he likes, if he gives his money into his friend's hands, and allows him to order what he requires. Unfortunately, the habitues of these places care nothing for the Church of England clergy and somewhat less for &by other ministers. Their clubs are places where they can drink to their heart's con- tent, without any aid from the Church, hours after the respectable and reputable publican (who has done his business cleanly and in the full light of day, with timely police inspection) has retired with his household to rest. J hope the horrors of drink will increasingly lessen, but there must be no "safeguarding'^ political clubs, because they ire a valuable asset to the party. Let them pay the same duties, and be subjected to the same espionage, pains ana pen- alties as the public&n, in futufe* fot all time,—Yours truly, A, AJS0N 0p CHURCH. P.S. •— Mr. D&vk« charges Rev. R. Price Hughes With saying he was "proud of tho&& Bishops, etc., the statement, he wijj find, was PW9, not Mr. Hughes.

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