Papurau Newydd Cymru
Chwiliwch 15 miliwn o erthyglau papurau newydd Cymru
8 erthygl ar y dudalen hon
(Gaibcniny.I
(Gaibcniny. If any reader who is in ditficulty with reference to his garden, will write direct to the ad dress given beneath, his queries will be an. swered, free of charge, and by return ofpos! —EDITOR]. Some correspondents omit to add their names, or merely end with initials. Ln these cases it is obviously impossible to reply.—E.K.T. THE GOOSEBERRY. J! USES, ETC. The gooseberry is well worthy of cultivation both for home use and for marketing. Amongst its specially good points may be mentioned the fact that it travels very well in green condition, and reaches the consumer without waste, The green fruit is adapted for bottling, preserving, stewing, and wat,iuginto pies, puddings, and jelly, while; the ripe, sweet produce constitutes a delicious dessert fruit, especially when eaten with cream and sugar. Particulars of various methods of preserving goortoberries will be found in any standard cookery book, but two very simple, methods of bottling may here be de-cribed. The first of these couefiatS in filling bottles with sound green fruit (care being taken, not to use bruised or broken specimens), tilling up with cold well or spring water, corking tightly, and storing in a cool cellrn. The other plan is that of put ting perfectly dry, green f uit in dry, warm bottles, scaling thi» corks? djpwjj tightly, and storing the bottles- attially.b#iedlin sand or earth-in a cellar. r, SOIL, ETC. The best results are obtained from moist, cool, well enriched find very deeply worked soils. Extremes should be avoided, as goose- berries thrive but poorly in light lands and in those heavy enough to cake hard in dry weather, while in excessively rich, moist soils they tend to the production of rank fo.iage p rather than to huit;: uln ess. A northern ex- posure (the north side of a wall Or fence) is desirable in the South of England, but in northerly districts a southern. ?spect is more suitable. Partial shade does not injure pro- ductiveness, but the crop may be seriously damaged by continued scorching, sunshine. Saving thah the young foliage and fruits are sometimes destfoyed by late frosts following a spell of t'.jild weather, gooseberries are quite hardy, /PROP A CATION. „ The gooseberry ia multiplied in very much the same manner as the currant, but actual planting is oftencr deferred till spring, bhe cuttings in such cases being taken in autumn and buried out of doors or stored in a cellar, as recommended for currants. If planted, in autumn, a good; protective mulch should be provided against frost, The cuttings should be from 6 to 10 inches in length, and must be taken in early aiitumo from well ripened wood of the same year's growth, preterably at its junction with the older wood. They are generally set 6 inches apart in trenches a foot asunder," one or two buds being left above -the surface of the soil, which is firmly pressed down round the neat, tree formed bushed are required for garden pur- posea, the buds which would otherwise e cover- ed With the soil after planting, are carefully cut out to prevent the growth of suckers, which are not, however, objectionable from the market growing point of view. Plants obtain ed from cuttings are generally supposed to, be more stocky and desirable than those secured by other methods of propagation. Gooseber- ries are also readily multiplied by layers, mound-layers being the system usually adapted commercially, though ordinary bent and pegged-down layers root easily. Layers are usually left for two seasons before being cut away from,the parent plants towards the end of October, and are trenched out of doors or buried in soil in the cellar for planting during early spring in nursery-rows, whert they remain for a year before removal to their fruiting positions. Some growers lessen the; pressure of spring work by planting the lay- ers in autumn, and thoroughly mulching them bèfota winter. Suckers springing from the base -of established bushes grow readily if! removed and planted, though the resulting plants are too liable to sucker for this; system; to be well adapted for the production of ordin- ary tree.formed bushes. Plants may easily be ,grdwii from 'seeds in the method advised for currants. This is, of course, the way new varieties are obtained. 24 azures. Goo«ebprrites Jthlriye best when the so?! ?is heavily top dressed each autumn with well rotted farmyard manure, preferably cow dung.1 This dressing may be advantageously followed in spring by a libera! application of some fertilizer, such as wood ashes, muriate of potash, etc. 1 ((j PLANTING. ¡ Gooseberries are planted as advised for cur- rants, but are usually set 4 feet apart in rowsand 6 feet asunder, to allow plenty of room for pro- per tillage, development, and care, and they, may generally be moved at the end of Septem her or in e&rly October, to admit of their be- coming established before winter, and so mak-! ing an early and strong start in spring. CULTURE AND D URATlON. Drought is the greatest source of injury to the crop, but its effects may be mitigated by thorough tiltage to conserve soil. moisture. Frequent and shallow tillage, indeed, not only tends to maintain the plants in good health, 8 p ttdt is second iOn lyto mnlehirg for kcelÜn g the land cool and moist, that is in the best possible condition for gooseberry growing. In small gardens, mulching "with coarse manure and litter answers exceedingly well. Tree-trained bushes (from'Which all suckers are systematic ally ,rppinve^)j%rp,ifieJI(|orn preptabie after 6 or 8 yeaie, 4h^nghvdrtSrii,ry bushes,!haVings<everal main stems, remain freely productive for con. siderably longer periods owing to the fact that they can be more completely renewed by prun (ng than is possible with the tree-firained t 1 l all the principal branches of which, of course, take their Qyiginia the one main stem connec- ting the head and root system of the plant. IIi is a good general rule to root up old bushes directly they exhibit any sign of deterioration, ,I andJtty replace them with vigorous young plants. The profitable longevity of all bush an othrlfropÍliB naturally largeiy, depends on their receiving proper tillage and manuring. PRUNING. When not carefully pruned, the gooseberry SQoniorms a tangled thicket, from which it is very difficult to pick fruit. Naturally it pro dt;cds yearly, more. wood than it caxi properly nourish, if it is also to be fruitful; and it is therefore necessary to renlOvesomeof this superfluous wood each year. Berries are borne from all parts of the tree, excepting the very young wood (current year shoots), and from the very old wood. ,His our experience that the finest fruits are borne on the one or two year-old shoots, and that after the third year the wood commences to weaken and to become less productive The main idea in pruning gooseberries should consequently he to keep the head of each hush nicely open by removing o'd and unproductive wood to make room for vigorous and fruitful young shoots. That is to say weak young growth is either cut away or shortened into two or three buds, vigorous shoots are cut back a .little, And Bsmuch old wood is entirely removed as can be safely praned off without injuring the productiveness at the plant. The actual method of pruning ie not of Buch vital importance as the absolute necessity for providing plenty of strong and vigorous bearing wood. Generally speaking, open topped bushes are desirable, as they make picking so much easier, and their fruit's usually ripen better than do those of the closer foliaged trees, suitable only for warmer countries than ours. The shortening back of the lower brandies rather hard tends to stiffen them and tofptJvM* *he fruit or any part of it being flraggea on" the ground. W e have frequently alloded common garden form of j vv Tj e,. .il M bush, In this form six to ten main branches are allowed to grow, and every sucker is taken off as soon as it makes its appearance. GATHERING. Unless bushes are kept open and thin grow ing, picking the fruit is a very difficult and slow matter. unless, thick leather gloves are worn, and these are stoufc enough to admit of the wearer stripping the berries from the branches. When this last system is practised, the produce should be run through a fanning machine to blow out the leaves stripped at the same time as the berries. v < „ E. KEMP TOOGOOD, R. H.F.S., f pro Toogood and Sons The RovalSe^d Establishment, Southampton.
....... THE WAR.
THE WAR. DAY BY DAY. SATURDAY. REVERRE NEARLY 600 OFFICERS AND MEN, MADE PRISONERS. OYER 300 i^EASEll The following are despatches issued by the War Office concerning the reverse to Clements' force!— (i Pretoria, Friday 6 a.m. General Clements has brought in his force to Commando Nek unopposed. Hiscasuaitiell were, I regret to say, heavy. Killed: Five officers, nine other rank. Miss- ing: Eighteen officers, 555,other ranks. These were four companiesNorthumberland Fusil: era, who were stationed on the hill, and some Yeomanry and other details tent up to support them. The names and nature of the wounds are being eiejrraphod from Capetown. Broadwooa's Brigade took 110 part in the engagement. The Boers suffered severely. Pretoria, Saturday, 12 45 p.m. General Clements has come to see me. He says the four companies of. the Northumber- land Fusiliers held out on the hill as long as ammunition lasted. The Boer force attacking the hill was 2;000 strong, whilst another force of IvOOO attacked his camp. By 6 30 a.m. the hill w,- s carried, and rein forcemèrilisofonecompanyotthe Yorkshire Light Infantry failed to reach the top. Clements's retirement was carried out with regularity, but as many native drivers bolted, a considerable amount of transport Was lost. All ammunition that was not taken away was destroyed. He reports that the troops all behaved very well. Broadwood has gone to Rustenberg and sup- ports Oliplm.t's Nek, which has been rein- forced. A flag of truce has come into Commando Nekifronii the Boers to say that Joubert'a son was killed, and farther reports that their losses were very heavy, DE WET'S MARCH. BRITISH LINES PIERCED. HEAYY LOSSES INFLICTED ON THE BOERS. GUNS CAPTURED. r; The following are despatches from Loia Kitchener; dealing with the,movements o te Wet Pretoria, Friday, 10 45 p.m. General Knox drove I)e Wet north to the e e 0 e Thaba N/chu Lady brand line, w hich was heh! by our troops. De Wet s force, about 300 Btrong, has made several attempts to get through during the day, assisted by a force of Boeis operating from the north. Theattacks have been driven back, though some Boafs from the south have been unable to get through the line. Two commandos still in the neighbour- hood of Zasiroa are being dealt with by hood of Zasiroa are being dealt with by Haunted troops operating from Aliwal and Rouxville. Later. Whilst passing our lines in the neighbour- hood of Thaba N'chuDa Wet's farce lost con- siderably. The South African Light Horse and Thorn eycrpft s Mounted Infantry captured, one 15 pounder, taken s.t Dewetsdorp, one, pom-pom, several waggons of ammunition, 22 prisoners, and some horses and mules. A; portion of the enemy's force has not been able to pass north. ATTACK ON VRYHEID. FIGHTING ALL DAY.* 100 BOERS KILLED AND WOUNDED. BRABANrS HORSE CAUGHT IN A DEFILE. • 120 CAPTURED. V '■ il The War Ollice yesterday issued the follow- or t ing despatch from Lord Kitchener Pretoria, Saturday, 11 10 p.m. Further reports of the attack on Vryheid oil the 10th inst. state that the, fighting. coutiunedj all day, the enemy drawing off at 7 30 p.m. with the loss of 100 killed and wounded. Our casualties were :— j Killed.—Royal Lancaster Regiment: Four men. Wounded dangerously. — Royal Lancaster Regiment: Lieutenant Colonel J., M. Gawne and Lieutenant W. E. S. Woodgate (both sir ca dead), and 19 men. iM issirig.-Lienten ant Browne, Lancaster Regiment, 29 men. Colonel Blomfield, moving on Vryheid from Blood River, on the 13th inst., drove the enemy, estimated at 500 or 600 men, in confus- ion from Scheepers N^k* inflicting heavy loss and capturing a quantity, of stock and arms. Our casualties were two men of the Natal Volunteers killed. • Colonel Blomlield praises the conduct of the Natal Volunteers and police during the recent opsrations in the Zastron district. A party of Brabant's Horse became detached, and, being surrounded in a defile, 120 were obliged to surrender. Capetown, Saturday, 7 p.m. The following casualties reported at Vryheid, December Iltb Royal Lancaster Re,Inient -Killed: Three men. Dangerously wounded One man. Sev- erely wounded Seven men. Slightly wound- ed: Six men. Prisoners: Twenty live non- commissioned officers and man. Lancashire Fusiliers. -Severely wounded Five. Prisoners: Four. Missing: One. No. 2 Western Division Royal Garrison Artillery.—Killed: One man. Imperial Bearer Company.—Dangerously wounded One man. Knecht Kloof (north of Rouxville), Dec. 13. Second Brabant's Horse.—Killed: Three men. Dangerously Svounded Six (one man since dead). Severely wounded Captain V. B. Bambury, Lieutenant Bloomiield Storey, and seven non-commissinned officers and men. Slightly wounded Two men. Missing: Lieu tenant A. E. Warrington and 106 non commis- sioned officers and men. Three men have since died from wounds. I
MONDAY.
MONDAY. REVIVAL OF BOER ACTIVITY. FEARED REVERSE. CLEMENTS FORCED TO ABANDON HIS CAMP. 4 A HEAVY FIGHTING. FATE OF 500 FUSILIERS IN DOUBT- FOUR OFFICERS KILLED. The following was posted at the War Office yesterday >- r Gfcate. From Lord Kitcneiser to Secretary 01 o for War. Pretoria, 13th December, 5 25 P-lu- Gehetal Clements's force at the Magaliesberg, was attacked at dawn £ |0 by Delarey, reinfmced. by Beyer's c.nicri.' 1 from Warm Baths, making a force estimated a 2,500. Though the first attack was TeP"l/e%eB. Boers managed ,to get on the top of 0j berg, which was held by four cortipWl Northumberland Fusiliers, .and were tn to command Clements's camp. gj. He retired on Hekpcort, and took up f, tion ou the hill in the centre of the valley- Casualties are not completely rep°r*ea» fighting was very severe, and I drepJy "r| that Lieutenant-Colonel Le^ge, 20th H«*- |j gig Captain M'Bean, Thiblin Fusiliers; ca,pt3.IJI Murdoch. Cameron Highlanders; andqpta Atkins, Wilts Regiment, have been killer- Reinforcements have left here under i> dier General Alderson. jje BroadwoOd's J>riga<le was on the n°n» of Magaliesberg, about seven miles Clements's, but be has not yet been a0- report the action he has taken. c Hchenburg, reports attack made on ,cC" ere when General Lero-mer n(I two Boers we I"¡ killed. No casualties, Attacks were made on Bethlehem arid \» [I but driven off, the Boers losing 10 killed a wounded. «ntoi»8 Vryheid, attacked at dawn on 11th. &D^g0. continued till time of despatch of mePpegi* Lieut. Colonel Gawne, Royal Lancaster ment, and Lieutenant Wo«dgate, s-arne "r, ment,severely wounded. No further particu yet received. ir'arri" Second Lieut. Thompson Pegge, Royal son Artillery, was killed by lightning at dee on 10th inst. f
.. '.':.'.;.,''TUESDAY.'.'
TUESDAY. REPORTED DEFEAT OF 2000 BOERS WITH HEAVY LOSS. MANY PRISONERS TAXiE^' Die WET'S ESCAPE, HOW HE FORCED THE BRITIS0 LINES. -i 1 » .? 1 ? r A DARING CHARGE. The' x,}London Evenjng Standard, special edition last night, pdblished the f° ing •A despatch received in London several hours'fighting, beginning at dayo to day with a Boer force estimated »r> yg 1,500 to 2,000, who were recently stopped tb0 south. The enemy were surrounded. Orange River, and after an engagement. •» several hours, were tutn'ly defeated. \Boer losses in killed and wounded have very heavy. A large number. oi Boerprlstf have been taken.' -adQ1)' On inquiry la^t night, the Press Assooi was informed that the .War Office had formation to give on the subject. c Ttl E., ESCAPE OF D,E WE'f --+- rl A DARING DASH. ,:}.J Masettl, tsrtn,,dt 'cy",t'if sonie 2,000 to 3,000 nieBjff rt n .-nr^d in the Thnbaneliu iegioii.'$e He made three on British positions. In the, third attack h^$ in person, with <1 few men, nnd through, the rest of his force following- captured a 15 pounder and 1 5 wapgons lo with ammunition^ dynamite, and previa1 with teams complete. k6 A commando which endeavoured tot, 'thabl'Incliti Nek was repulsed. Commandant Ilaasbroek, with a &rn^ar0^ and two guns, tried to force his way t"1 -v0g jSprihgkahb's Nek, close to Thabahchu, driven buck with a loss of 40 men — Pres .'Fl"ciation,,War Special., There were no further important news J1, Thursday. M
''THURSDAY. -'M
THURSDAY. M DISQUIETING REPOR r, CHASE OF DE WET ABANDONED. 7- HIS FORCE 4,500. ATTACK ON WINBERG EXPECTED. THE ROER INVASION 0^ CAPE COLONY. 3,000 AT PHILIPSTOWS. The c,LondonEveningStandard' last nI published the following A report has reached London that Gebûbe Knox has had to temporarily abandett., t.00 chase of De Wet on account of the created by the Bbers encerihg Cape across the Orange River. It is stated tb0 number about 300 men, a cotosiberablc 1,0 reaching Philipstown; ,r t, It is rumoured that Commandant De v retreated With about 4,500 troops, and 13 north-east of Lady brand. An attack on burg is momehtarily expiscted. ilSf General Clements' force will, it is tholl afctached to that of GenerarFreneh. :t -r; ■ V'" u ibe The Press Association, on inquiry. a War JOffiCe, learnt that there was no infor!W i I to give on the matter referred to above^
[No title]
England has 5 horses to each 100 inhabit0,11 tl!t the Argentine 120. 000 A proud record, that of being the 0 chorister in Wales, if not in the held by Mr/ Robert Jonea, of Llan° c^if who has been a member of the Churc"B^ii/ for ever 72 years, having served in f6' Church choir under four vicars- jjjr- cently ce'Idb^atod, his 80th- birthday- Robert Jones, who is a native of AI.A, ia tbe father of the Rev. J. T. Jones, vicar of St. Stephen's, Birminghai»» oftJij the Rev. Arthur Jones; curate of Bed whilst other of his BODS hold pbsit,a musical and scholastic circles. :1;< f"d' \¡ -,iv.- ■■* p;1 }
Advertising
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CAMBRIAN GOSSIP.
CAMBRIAN GOSSIP. Mr. T. Hamer Jonea, of London, who is rapidly approaching a front placelin the ranks of Welsh antiquaries, is engaged at present in copying the letters of the Morua- iaid 0 F6n, of which there are many in the British Museum. 000 The statement which has gone round the papers that the Liverpool Eisteddvod sur- plus of £40gjs a record needs correction. This sum has, on many occasions, been exceeded, as, for instance, at, Wrexham, on the occasion of Mr. Gladstone's visit, when over X800 was cleared, and at Carnarvon in 1877, whan the surplus exceeded £ 1,000. 000 Some years ago the following Welsh englyu was to be seen on a tombstone in a churcbyard. of Pooie, Dorsetshire, on the grave of a Welsh captain, a nitive of Nefyn, Carnarvonshire, who was, drowned in Poole Harbour Mor heli mawr a hwyliais—a mynwent Yw'r man yr angorais Uwch y don yn lion ciywyd fy llais, Man tawel yuaa y.tewai^u. 1 o o o i *:•-■■■ i The Rev. Ebenezer Griffith-Jones, M.A.i of Balharn, London, whose book on ttie I Ascent i hrougti Cf risi 'has won such high commendation audi been so widely lead, is preparing for publication another work, which will shortly be published under the title, Types of Christian Life Mr. Lrriffith- Jones, who is the son of the Rev, E, Aeron Jones, of Manordeilo, was for many years before going to London, minister 6t the Patk English Congregational ^church,! Llaj, elly. 000 'It ia manifest,' remarks the Goleuad, that the headmasters of the Cardiff Board Schools are anxious to throw the Welsh over- board, It has been repeatedly ru- moured that the teachers do not feel over kindly towards the work. The Board must secure Welshmen as schoolmasters before the work can be carried out thoroughly. But would this remedy matter 7 Ihe Goleuad is, evidently unaware that several of she bead teachers who signed the memo- rial to the Board are Welshrspeaking Welsh- men. 0 0 0 There is a disappointment, in sjore for those who attend the %rfnu^l conie^iidg^of the Incorporated Society of Musicians at Llandudno nexth month. It had been in tended that original orchestral works by members should be performed by a full pro- fessional; orchestra, but it appears that the manuscri pts sent, in were so few and of so little merit, that the Council have been forced to abandon tSe experiment. Con- sidering that the society indludes among its numbers some of; our best-known musi- cians/the confession (thinks the Globe) is a somewhat humiliating one. 0 0 0 1 > ■■■; Some of the public menofBanór propose to make ITIwnicipalhaywhile the Eistedd vQd--sn,n shines. In; other words, they ains at utilising the Eisteddvod :as the means of j providing the cathedral city with a perma- nent structure, probably on the lines of the Carnarvon Pavilion. This will be done, as in the case of Llanelly, by co-operating with the municipal authorities. Tbat is to say, if the Corporation will undertake to pro- vide a building suited to the requirements of tbe Eisteddvod, the Eisteddvod Commit- tee will contribute towards tbe cost there- of such a sum, from £ 1,200 upwards, as may be agreed upon. 0 0 0 Now that so much is said and written at out tbe raeial and linguistic felatidrvs of the people of Brittany and Wales, it is in teresting to know, on the authority of the learrfed Yicar of Llanuwchllyn. that in Brittany the.intonation of the priest^ aad the responses of the. congregation in the, services of the Church of Rome, bear a striking resemblance to the hwyl of the typical; Welsh preacher. Thisopinipn is prac ti<^llf identical wiih;thattjbf De^b. Howell, <wtifo t^ld'tlie' ••Clrtkrdli-N3dngre«*s' #ottie years ago, in discussing the national eb-aracteris tics of the Welsh Church, that Welsh preaching in style and ma ner had much more in common with French, and still niorei with Italian, than with English preaching; 000 Mf. J. T. Eeea, Mus.Bac., officia tipgis adjiidicztor: at the Queen's Hall, Eistedd- vod, London, the other day, had the courage to make a remark which should be repeated over and over again through every town and hamlet in Wales. 'As Welqbm,en;' said ite, we are, t-oo-proiie,to, think that we have only to open our mouths in order to sirig to perfection, without any previous study of the piece. Our besetting sin is the lack of energy and concentration. On the Con tinent and in other countries, youths spend many years in hard study before venturing on a.public platform. But as foritbe; Welsh-I man-he will go to an eisteddvod to sirig without even troubling to learn, ;the work correctly.' ~r y viAU/i /JHL j ji ,i.i ~%Xtothe coatisd j^etap^by Slr((^0orge Lew^ to; defend the~$ter and Mornfng Leader against; the action for li^el brought against tlf&m! by Mr. Arthur '.Chamberlain-in respect iof the Øft'.ti(;}es ;Q,;The Chamberlain Cefh panies,' is Mr. J. Eldon Batikes, one' of thej most popular arrclsTiccessful members of the! North Wales and Chester Bar. Mr. Ba*>kps,i in addition to being a Flintshire landowner! and deputy-chairman of the Flirr^sJiire; Quarter Sessions, is a rather prominent Conservative and C'uirchman, and was in-j vited to contest the Flint Boroughs against: Mr. Herbert Lewis but did not accept the invitation. It is curious now to find Mr. Banket; pleading ini defeMe of the critics ofM.r.Uhmhe.dai'D and his family. Mr. Arthur Chamberlain, by the way, is, or was until recently the owner of a considerable estate in Montgo-i meryshire, which he often visited, and; where he made himself g-enerally popular. I 004) R1 .■. A good deal of bitterness is < being intro- duced into the controversy now raging over the award in the Rl iangerdd Compe ti'rion at Liverpool Eisteddvod. Cadvan, the Carnarvon bard, who was fan unsuccess- ful competitor, has written very many colunans on the subject, and now the mys- terious winner, tb.. D. Price, of Bron Eppynt, Lianwrtyd,' has been revealed in the person of Dyfed, of Cardiflf* whose brother, Nathan Wyn, practically swept the boards in the minor poetry competitions at Liverpool. Dyfed writing to the Cyniro, declares that he had ample reasons for cob- cealing his identity, and characterises as 'utter ronsense' the suggestion that he 'composed for another person,' or 4 tbat tihere is any firm or syndicate'i,o the busi- ness.' 'The only fauit of the name of Price,' writes Dyfed,' is its obscurity but if the name of Gabriel "hsrd been used, t hings would have turned out jusf the <No one liag suffered any injustice except Jthe author himself in his delay in; wearing his bonours.1 ;i"