The Glamorgan Gazette

WEEK DAYS. I SUNDAYS. DOWN Exp- Exp t Exp Exp Mail Mai A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. PADMHGTON..dep 5 30 9 0 1017 1045 1145 1 15s3 15 5 45 9 15 1040 9 16 P.M. P.M. SwiNEONT. 7 55 11 5 1235 1222 1 22 2 52 4 55 7 30 1127 1 40 1127 A.M. A.M. IGL(,UCESTER.. 5 15 7 55 9 28 1216 1 53 3 30 8 47 1247 3 20 1247 Bain-roif .„ 6 58 5 9 45 1155 1 15 1 15 3 10 4 2515 25 2 0 HBWPOBT „ 6 31 7 12 9 37 11 0 1 6 3 15 2 17,4 30 5 2oi6 42 9 52 2 6 9 0 5 14 2 6 CAEBEPF „ 6 52 7 37 1013 1125 1 35 3 39 2 37 5 5 6 10 7 3 7 15 1015 2 29 9 23 5 45 2 29 liLAJTTBiSSANT 8 7 1032 1155 2 4 5 35 6 39 7 44 9 52 6 19 SBISGEKD.. „ 7 24 8 32 1052 1216 2 25 4 11 B 5 55 7 0 7 34 8 7 1047 3 2 1012 6 44 3 2 PMS 8 49 11 9 1233 2 41 4 29 jfi 9 7 17 8 25 1030 7 0 PORTHCAWL .arr. 9 20 1130 1 20 3 0 4 55 I6 25 7 35 8 35 1040 POET TALBOT dep 7 48 9 1 1120 1244 2 52 4 42 B 6 21 7 28 7 57 11 8 3 26 7 11 3 26 NEATH „ 8 3 9 18 1135 1259 3 6 4 54 3 32 6 33 7 44 8 8 1119 3 40 7 29 3 40 IIANBOBE 8 21 9 43 1152 1 24 3 30 5 14 3 6117 3 8 8:8 53 1136 4 1 7 58 4 1 SWANSEA .arr. 8 30 9 55 12 0 I 35 3 40 5 23 4 0 7 5 8 15 8 30 1145 4 10 8 10 4 10 liiAimiiLY.dep 8 46 1024 1222 1 54 5 45 4 14 7 34 925 1158;426 831426 <JABMABTHKN JN. 9 19 11 9 1 4 2 38 6 33 4 44 10 6 1227I5 1 9 13 5 1 A.M. NEW MILFOBD arr. 1055 1245 2 40 4 10 8 15 6 5 1 30 6 40 1045 6 40 II

WEEK DAYS. I SUNDAYS TTT> Exp Exp J*xp fcxp Mail A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. 'I A.M. P.M. F.M NEW MILFOBD dep 8 20 1015 11 5 1 5j3 15 5 o 110 0 5 0 CABMABTHEN JN. „ 7 15 8 25 9 58 1155 1240 1 29 2 45^4 45 6 33 1135 6 31 LLANELXY „ 7 57 9 13 1037 1240 1 11 2 12 3 3115 28 7 6 1217 7 2 SWANSEA 6 45 8 30J9 40 1055 1 5 1 30/2 45 3 55j5 50 7 25 8 25) 1240 7 20 LIAKDOBE „ 6 51 8 36 9 49 11 5 I 18 1 42 2 51 4 9J6 1 7 37 8 30J 1250 7 33 NEATH „ 7 23 8 51 1011 1121 2 13 I 57 3 6 4 2S 6 15 7 54 8 51 1 13 7 61 POBT TAI/BOT 7 40 9 3 1028 1135 2 30 O 3 18 4 45)6 32 8 7 9 6 1 29 8 4 POBTHCAWXI 7 35 8 55 1022 2 20 4 3016 25 8 50 7 20 PoBTHCA-WL. 7 35 8 55 1022 2 20 4 3016 25 8 50 7 20 PYLE 7 54 9 16 1042 2 44 4 58(6 45 9 5 9 20 1 42 7 36 BRIDGEND 8 6 9 29 1055 1155 2 57 G 3 39 5 11 6 57 8 27 9 17 9 32 1 55 7 47 8 27 LLANTBISSANT „ 8 31 1119 3 21 5 361 9 56 2 21 8 10 CABDIFF 9 2 10 3 1148 1245 3 53 2 57 4 15 6 10;7 55 9 5 9 54 1020' 3 0 8 38 9 6 STOP NEWPOBT „ 9 27 1023 1229 1 10 5 6 3 18|4 34 6 3018 18|9 24 1012 1 3 28 9 0 9 24 BBISTOL arr. 1048 1215 1 30 3 0 6 13 4 24 7 48 9 35 1045 15 45 GLOUCESTER dep 1142 1H2 2 35 5 45 8 5 1055 <5 30 1055 A.M. A.M. SWINDON „ 1 0 1 0 3 3 3 56 5 30 6 58 9 35 1215 7 16 1215 PADDINOTON 2 35 2 35 4 30 5 35 7 0 8 25 1140 2 0 1025 2 C (1:7 7.10 p.m. on Saturday only, all stations to Cardiff. R stops to set down First Class Passengers from London, notice to be given to the Guard at Cardiff. G stops to pick up First Class Passengers for London, notice to be given to the Station Master not later than 1.0 p.m.

Lø & O. SEGTIOI BRANCH TRAINS leave 8.45 a.m., 12.33 p.m., 2.45 p.m., 4.53 p.m., 7.20 p.m. (9.25 p.m on So.tunica vuly). isa Branch Trains on Sundays.

FARMING NOTES. THE WEATHER AND THE HARVZST. The unsettled weather that has prevailed since harvest commenced in the earliest districts is (as the Tall Mall Gazette remarks) much to be regretted, and it has resulted that unsatisfactory reports are now coming to hand as to the quality of the various grain crops. Everywhere the crops that had been put into shock had up to a week ago bulked well, and the wheat ears in the early districts, being then beauti- fully filled, only required sunshine and absence of rain to attain the finest marketable quality. But the weather latterly has been most unseasonable. It 113 not the amount of rain that has fallen that has troubled the farmers so much as frequent showers and intervening sunshine and "close" weather. Despite the frequency with which rain has fallen the grain crops are making rapid progress towards maturity throughout England, and in the south, home counties, and East Anglia so much corn is now ready for cutting that the reapers will have to be busy whenever there is a chance of a few hours of fine weather. The farmers in the southern portion of England are now placed in a position of extreme anxiety and despon- dency from the fact that the unsettled weather is lowering day by day the quality of the white straw crops, which promised to yieU such an abundant re- turn per acre, and the frequent reports that are coming to hand of the wheat starting to grow" in many localities. Farmers that have wheat in the late districts express a fear if the wet weather should continue many days longer that mildew will develop in the wheat nelds however, it must be remembered by market operators that in the early parts of the country there is no time for mildew to do much harm, as the wheat will be for the most part cut there in the course of a fortnight. GRASS POOD.-A. DANGER. The plentiful supply of grass food just now may be a source of danger to horses, if they are allowed to eat much of it, for they will, as a rule, eat it both quickly and greedily, and in consequence it is not perfectly masticated or salivated. This danger at the present time is due to the grass being full of sap from rupid growth, and when it is in this condition it is specially likely to undergo irregular fermentation, and there arises in consequence indigestion in various forms, usually manifested in horses by flatulence and colic pain, leading to diarrhoea, or in cases where fibrous and hard food has been used for some timo previously, constipation, and eventually obstruction, is produced. THE WHEAT CROP. Commenting on the condition of the wheat crop, the Mark-Lane Express remarks Wheat is still regarded as the leading cereal of this country, although its cultivation is yearly declin- ing in quantity. Taking a survey of this crop, wo find that it is, over the whole of Great Britain, in a very good condition, the statistics fixing it at 100*5, which is perhaps not quite so high as many people imagined, but it must be remembered that for nearly a month the weather has not been of a character to improve the crop, or, in fact, to keep it up to the high point which it held three or four weeks ago. Indeed, it is quite certain that the condition of the wheat crop is not so good as it was at the beginning of July, and in all probability the very sligbt margin above the average represents it as favour- ably as it deserves. On comparing the condition of the wheat crop for Great Britain at the present moment with its condition at the corresponding period of last year, we find it stands better by more than 15 per cent., but perhaps a better comparison can be got by comparing the July figures of last year with the August figures of the present year, in consequence of the extreme earliness of the harvest in 1893. If we take a comparison between the wheat crop of now and that in July last year, we find an improvement of over 16 per cent. Another very satisfactory feature on this point is that this year's average of 100'5 is 9 per cent. better than in August, 1892, and more than 2 per cent. better than in August, 1891 therefore, this year's crop of wheat will certainly be the best for several years. Taking England, which has more than 94 per cent. of the area in itself, we find that its average condition is 100'7, an improvement on the corresponding weeks of the years 1893,1892, and 1891 respectively of 15'7, 9-3, and 3'0. Wales has the worst averagp of either of the three parts of Great Britain, coming out with 95 per cent., but that is better by nearly eight per cent.. than the condition last year. Scotland, which had the best crop of wheat 12 months ago, falls very slightly behind England in the present season, and appears with 100'4, which, however, is a gain of 4*9 on last year's figures, 2-3 on the year before, and 0*5 only on those of 1891. The reports with regard to the crops of wheat are generally of a uniformly favourable character, although there are, as may be expected, special ad- verse circumstances connected with different districts. The general case is that the crop is very heavy in straw, but in places it is found that the ears fill badly, and the result, as shown by the threshing machine, will most likely not be of so favourable a character as is indicated by the robust appearance of the crop in the field. In many instances damage was inflicted by the frosts in May, and the plant has never recovered from them. The rain which has fallen during the last three weeks has been prejudicial to many large breadths of wheat, and in consequence of the storms a great number of fields have been badly laid, the straw being so twisted and beaten that it will be impossible to use the reaping machineamongst it, and recourse will have to be had to the slower and more expensive system of hand-cutting. Thisdamageto crops by the storm-rains appeared at first in the southern counties, but a similar trouble has since befallen agriculturists in nearly the whole of England, and reports of corn beaten down extend from Corn- wall to Northumberland, and from Wales to Essex. There are a few complaints of mildew showing itself on the straw in Cambridge and Suffolk, and blight and rust is reported from Oxfordshire but generally the condition is regarded as good, although in every case the want of sunshine and greater heat is lamented." DAIRY FACTORIES. Failure has come to many a dairy factory from attempting too much at the outset. The comprehen- sive scope of a Cumberland factory described in the Journal of Horticulture, is altogether praiseworthy for it, but for beginners, especially for co-operating farmers, upon the principle that he who goes softly goes safely, it is better to begin at any rate with butter. The guiding principle, the rule of action, must be a first-class article and nothing else. This is much easier of attainment with butter than with cheese, and then, too, with a young company the nimble nine- pence is altogether preferable to the slow shilling. With butter the turnover is quick, with cheese at best it is slow. Some factory cheese is so skilfully managed that it is ready for market in a month, but Stilton cheese requires full six months to ripen, and even a Gorgonzola requires three to four months, with as much daily attention as the Stilton. Butter-making mny be so managed that there can be a daily churn- ing. but, as a general rule, it answers best to churn about twice weekly, because of the time re- quired for ripening the cream before churning. The butter may be pent to market regularly the day after the churning, and it is obvious that this means prompt payments, which is one of the pre- liminary matters of detail requiring special attention. There is no difficulty about this if a first-class sample of butter is placed on market with a guarantee for the maintenance of quality, and for the supply of a suffi- ciently large quantity to command tne notice of wholesale dealers. For such a factory the building arrangements are very simple, and it may help to make this clear if we quote part of a report of tho Harleston Co-operative Factory in Northampton- shire Part of a disused malting in the village of Harleston has been taken for the purpose, and there is ample available space for any subsequent extension of the factory as it becomes necessary. The factory now consists of three divisions, connected, yet shut off from each other—the engine-room, the dairy, with an upper storey, and the weighing and milk delivery compartment, out of which doors open into the store-room and dairv. The advantages of this arrangement are obvious. The new milk is received, and the separated milk despatched without the persons engaged in that work having to enter the dairy at all. Each 'churn' of milk as it is brought in is placed upon the machine, which weighs it, and prints the weight upon a slip of paper. It then elevates the chum and empties it into a cistern upon the upper floor, whence the milk passes through a pipe to the dairy and into a separator, driven by steam. The cream runs into receivers, and the separated milk is driven upwards to a refrigerator, and flows thence, cooled, into another cistern, whence it is drawn into the weighing-room and taken away. The huge barrel chum is also driven bytheengine, as is the large circular butter worker, and as the butter is made tip into pounds it is placed upon small slates, each folding u "I 151b., and taken to the store-room, where t.1 >re are iron racks around the sides to receive the sisles. A milk-tester, by an arrangement of multiplying wheels, causes a holder containing a few small bottles of milk to revolve with such rapidity that the cream ises to the upper end of the bottles, and then the quality of the milk is seen at a glance. Access to the engine- room is had only by an otitbr door, so that all risk of steam or dust in the dairy is avoided."

THE luxury indulged in by the rich people of New s f. York is almost beyond belief. Among other mean cf spending their money, one of the most ostenta tiou6 is the purchase and U6e of table services mad* of solid gold. There are 12 or 13 such now ii •;se id 'huteltv, and their r cost is 40t les JaaD XOOULOW.

Tti- IU WOMAN'S WOKLD. IT is said that the Queen personally looks over the I numerous patterns that are daily sent to Court. Sho has expressed a great dislike to the present mode of coloured underclothing, even of the most dainty tints, and says the pure white is so much more charming. Her Majesty has also a well-known antipathy even to coloured borders to handkerchiefs, however adapted they may be to suit a toilet. She herself always uses, on ordinary occasions, a particu- larly large size of handkerchief, with an insertion of Valenciennes lace and a little frill of the same, and never any scents, except it may be a little otto of rose or lavender water. THERE is such a taste for white just now (according to the Paris correspondent of the Warehouseman and Draper) that the magasins de nouveautes have been obliged to renew their stocks of white woollens, and in most cases a special counter is reserved for the sale of these materials in the department to which they belong. I use the word white" because it is the one generally bestowed here, but, in point of fact, the woollens in question are of a creamy tone. They in- clude several different makes, many being semi- transparent rat her coarsely woven stuffs with interstices. White is much used as a trimming, white gossamer and white wings for hats, white sashes and bows for coloured and black dresses, white facings for jackets and vests, and also white chemisettes, white ties, white dog-skin gloves, and even white kid shoes but in the case of most of these things it is pure white rather than cream. Black is frequently trimmed with white, and vice versa, and the taste for greys produced by the interweaving of black and white, and the mixtures of black and white, in checks or stripes, shows no sign of abating. Combinations of blue and white are likewise in favour, pllrticubrly for seaside costumes, predominance being given now to one, now to another; a white flannel costume will be stitched with blue, or a navy-blue serge faced with white. The latest style of white facings for simple costumes is an adjustable white pique collar and lapels, buttoned in- side the jacket or vest and turned back over it. Pro- bably blue will be a good deal worn not only during the autumn months, but next winter also brown, however, is likely to be the prime favourite, in such shades as mardore, tabac, and hanneton (cockchafer), all of which are golden browns. The new poil de chevre cloths in these tints already find purchasers brown and white checks run the black and white ones close. THERE is no stemming the current of popularity, and bicycling has caught on with everybody—the young, the middle-aged, and even the old vieing with lads, and mature matrons, surrounded by their pro- geniture, and disdaining neither the cycle saddle, nor the, in many instances, ill-becoming cycling costume. I have watched (says a Parisian expert on dress, writing in the Daily Telegraph) with amused eyes the progress of the cycling costume from its firit and timid appearance with ugly ankle-deep skirt, that was not only unbeautiful, but also inconvenient, and, moreover, dangerous, to the latest de- vice of the cycling costumiers' art, which consists in audaciously fitting" knickers, gaiters, and Russian blouse belted at the waist, without counting the many and varied com- binations, the fancy "variety, and the much adopted Zouave pantaloons, which, when properly cut and fitted—neither too scanty nor too full—form, without doubt, the most decent, becoming, and convenient costumes adopted by the pedalling sisterhood. I suppose there may be a certain idea fraught with in- delicacy, according to old ladies' ideas, in habili- ments of this sort. High black cloth gaiters, buttoning to the knee, where they are re- joined by the full pants, however, do away completely with any suggestion of insufii- ciency of dress, and are adopted by most of the Parisian arisfocrates when riding, for it must not be supposed that only a certain class of ladies and maidens of the Forward Battalion ride bicjcles in this country. Princesse this, duchesse that, marquises and countesses galore, not to mention baronesses and others who have neither coronets nor quarters, but who are, neverthe- less, highly esteemed and charming hostesses, have tne and all gone in for la hicyrlette. It is capital exercise," and as doctors themselves not only ad- vocate tbefin de sieele machine, but indulge freely in the new-fashioned sport," as it is termed, there is no earthly reason why the tireless steed," unless the tyres themselves give way-pardon the wretched pun -should not become as indispensable in every house- hold as a dining-room sideboard, a kitchen range, or a backyard dust bucket-or whatever it is called. BLACK, dark blue, and dust coloured cycling suitt for ladies are certainly the least conspicuous of their kind. Serge, cheviot, and twilled cloths are the materials usually employed, together with thin Melton cloth, which always looks well. For hot weather alpaca or mohair costumes are neat and cool and retain very little dust—an advantage when travelling along country lanes and roads. I have seen (says the Daily Telegraph Parisian fashion authority) suits of shepherd's plaid-and one in which the knickers were of 42nd Highlander tartan, the vest of plain dark blue cloth, but the pants and vests alike are far more comvie it juut. The young lady who wore the 42nd knickerbockers had a stiffly starched turndown linen collar and narrow black satin cravat. She had two small lizard carved gold studs the size of a threepenny-piece down the front of the flannel shirt-to use its orthodox denomination—similar links ornamenting the narrow linen cuffs. The vest had the revers faced with moir6 of similar dark tone. The hat, of dark blue straw, had a roll of dark blue gauze round the crown, and a couple of black and orange wings set to right and left. She had black silk stockings and patent leather shoes. Another lady, who looked extremely nice on her pneumatic, wore Zouave pants and vest of black croise or twilled cloth, the latter worn over a mauve and white spotted shirt, with white linen collar 8J).d black moird sailor cravat, pinned with one pearl, the size of a marrow- fat pea. Her hat was a simple black straw sailor, with broad band of black moire round the crown. She wore high leggings of the twilled floth, buttoning to the knee over patent shoes, and thiak white kid gloves, stitched on the backs with tan silk. Another lady looked very neat and trim in greyish beige diagonal cloth, her knickers made rather tightly fitting, and from above fell an admirably cut and gored skirt reaching to a few incheo below the knees only, and with just sum- cient fulnets to look well. This jupe was orna- mented round the hem with three rows of silk stitch- ing, the nppv portion of the skirt buttoned with smoked pearl on either hip. The Eton vest, with unexaggerated full sleeves, had a turn-down collar of a deeper tone of beige velvet than the dress at the back, and revers, faced with corded silk, descend- ing in a point at the waist. A pretty pale blue Surah silk blouse was worn with this, belted smartly at the waiat with white doeskin, fastened with a dull gold serpent clasp or buckle, her shoes were of white undressed leather, her gloves white undressed kid, her hose black, and her headgear a soft and light hat of beige felt, smartly adorned at the back with a drake's feather, a la Tyrolknnc. Some ladies— indeed, many ladies-discard the vest during the warm days, and wear coloured cambric or silken blouses with 1830 linen collars and cuffs, and a very narrow frill, either of white cambric to match or lace running froin neck to waist. Others appear in knitted Jerrys, but these are not in the best possible taste, and accordingly few and far between, like the proverbial aogels* visits. Wouxic are beginning to appreciate the fact that Bofa pillows are meant for use, or at least that it is difficult to disabuse the masculine mind of the idea that they are intended as rests for their wearv heads. A woman will hesitate before she leans her back bair against a marvel of embroidery and lace or of exquisitely painted silk, but a man, fresh from the hands of his barber, will peacefully repose on the prettiest of them all. A CUSlIIOW of red denim has a conventional design outlined with old gold silk, the inside painted with dashes of gilt paint, and a ruffle of red silk. Another is worked with black, with arume of black silk. Yellow denim worked with brown, with daisies of brown in oil, is very effective. The ruffle matches the embroidery and decoration. Olive denim worked with darker olive is pretty. BLACK silk handkerchiefs worked with a design in red or corn colour in one corner are made up both with and without a ruffle. Squares of white linen or linen handkerchiefs, where these are large enough, with a little simple embroidery, are greatly liked, be- cause they can be sl i pped out and the covers laundered. Bright coloured Madras and bandana handkerchiefs make showy pillows. For parlours, and still intended for use, the real or imitation Bagdad stripes look well, if the room is furnished, as to its floor, with Oriental rugs. China silk in old tapestry colours, and tapestry or brocade, also in these old art tones, make admirable and durable covers.

A MAN who was not exactly a tramp, and at the same time not exactly a thrifty citizen, applied for a job at a certain wholesale house. I'm very sorry," apologised the head of the firm, but I'm afraid I can do nothing for you Why can't you ?" asked the applicant insistently. "Because I've got not hing for vou to do." That's no object ion at all," was the cheerful repooec. That's the kind of a job that would rait me best." And he didnt get it; neither did he f«t dim* be caked fer u • eompreiiueo.

SCIENCE NOTES. ACCORDING to Silbermann, a German chemist (Chemische Zeitung, 17), crude silk-fibre consists of two parts, a true thread substance called fibroin, and a gelatinous body, sericin, which surrounds it. The former, however, does not appear to be a homo- geneous chemical substance. DR. GEORGE MACKAv, of the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, has been studying the blinding of the retina caused by the imprudent observation of the sun, that is to say, by direct sunlight. During solar eclipses inexperienced observers often injure their eyesight in this way, and even astronomers are apt to do so. Sometimes black spots, fixed or oscillating, in the Held of vision are a symptom of the injury, some- times distortion of the objects. Complete recovery is rare, and Dr. Mackav therefore advocates the pre- ventative use of smoked or coloured glasses. To view the sun even in January with impunity the glass should be very opaque. THE theory is advanced by Mr. S. E. Christian that stellar scintillation is caused by inconceivable number? of small meteoric bodies, which are constamlypassing between the stars and our earth. Momentary occul- tations of the stars by these bodies, which are re- volving outside of our atmosphere, would certainly occur if these bodies were numerous enough, and recent investigations seem to point to the fact that they are. M. HEXRI MOISSAX, by utilising the intense heat of the electric arc, has succeeded in preparing large quantities of chromium. The metal is less fusible than platinum, is not attacked by the atmosphere, and takes a beautiful polish. Little affected by acids it resists aqua-fortis, and alkalies in fusion. Purf copper alloyed with an equal quantity of chromium has double the strength, and alters less by exposure tc moist air. AN ingenious device, the invention of C. W. Hunt, an American engineer, is mentioned in Engineering. It is a mass of hard steel balls of two sizes, one- eight and one-fourth of an inch in diameter, respec- tively. Under pressure this mass flows and transmita pressure in all direct ions like a fluid. The device is calculated for use wherever fluid pressure is desired without leakage, and it has already been employed for tightening the brasses of connecting rods, a pocket at the side being filled with the balls and pressure applied with a set screw. THERE are still many tall, strong men of fair com- plexions, narrow heads, and long faces on thefrench coast of the Channel, especially on the I'as-de-Calais, who represent with some fidelity the Franks, .Norse, and Kymri, from whom they are descended; but the brunettes, who represent the original owners of the soil, are, it appears, gradually absorbing them. IT may safely be said that no specimen in a geolo- gical collection is more curious than the bar of flexible sandstone, which can be bent with less pres- sure than that required to bend a piece of wet leather of the same size. In an article upon the subject in the Mineral Collector we are told that, "When a thin slice of the stone is looked at under a lens, by trans- mitted light, the fragments are seen to be locked together like the parts of a section puzzle toy, fixed, but only loosely. The simplest way of explaining how this stone was formed is to say that the grains of sand were once cemented firmly together by another material, which has been partly dissolved, leaving countless natural ball-and-socket joints of jagged shape behind." MM.PIETTB AND LAPORTERIE have communicated to the Académie des Sciences, Paris, some ivory figurines dug out of quaternary deposits in the Landes, where they were found with remains of the mammoth, rhinoceros, &c. The most remarkable is a small head of mammoth ivory, skilfully carved, and of Mongolian or Mongoloid type. Another represents the figure of a man, and a third that of a woman, which recalls the Hottentot Venus. Ix a recent interesting lecture on Fluid Motion, at the Royal Institution, Prof. Osborne RevgAcle shows how a fluid whose surface is at rest i^y be all turbulent motion within. The phenomenon in its simplest form is that of two long vortices rolling on each other through the mass in something the same way in which two rolls of cotton-batting may be made to pass between two flat sheets of the same without friction. If the rolls revolve in opposite directions each will roll on the adjacent sheet on one side, and on its companion roll on the other, so that there will be no sliding at all. Professor Reynolds illus- trated the subject by many experiments showing the movement of vortex filaments through air ana water. M. NAUDI.V has drawn attention to the white agave (Agave applanata) as a means of defence against an army. This plant is provided with strong, sharp spines, capable of penetrating man, horse, or camel like a stiletto, and if planted round a village or piled round an encampment, would form an insuperable barrier to an enemy without artillery. THXRE is a popular impression abroad that if the heart be not strong it should not be given work that involves strength. In many cases the truth may be laid down as exactly the reverse. If a child's sense of logic is deficient we set the child to study mathematics and other subjects which re- quire logical ability, because we reason that the study of these subjects will tend to develop in the child those faculties which it lacks; the same thing obtains in physical education. A weak heart can be made strong only by those exer- cises which call for a strong heart. The work must be commenced gradually and done with intelligence; this work needs to be steady and regular, as short distance running, for instance. From this standpoint gymnastics in orier to be useful for health, should demand the fundamental elements, namely, good digestion, good heart, good lungs, and good nervous systems. THE production of the beautiful colouring of glass is a rare art which has come down, in particular, to the German glassblower of to-day through many generations. The apparatus used is a sheet-iron cylinder 20in. long and 8in. in diameter, standing vertically, and having a similar cylinder rivetted across the top, thus forming a T-shaped muffle. While the glass-blower is re-heating his work for the last time nn attendant slips into the muffle a long iron ladle, which has been made red-hot, and into which has been shaken a specially-prepared chemical mixture. The mixture immediately gives off vapour in the hori- zontal cylinder, where the work of the blower, heated to an even red by the blowpipe, is being rapidly revolved. In a short time the object is covered with a changeable lustre, and is removed from the pipe, tempered in an oven, then cut, engraved, painted or gilded, as desired. As account of the way in which a recent eclipse of the sun was observed" in Shanghai appears in the columns of the North China Daily Sews. On the appointed day the mandarins assembled in the court- room of the magistrates' office, and gathered round a table on which were burning tapers and joss papers. When the sun began to darken, the officials, conformably to an Imperial decree, bowed thrice before the table, and touched the earth with their foreheads nine times in succession. Then they arose and went into the hall, and the soldiery and servants having been sum- moned, the whole mob sought to make as much noise as possible with various instruments, musical and unmusical, fireworks being meanwhile exploded, the idea being to drive away the celestial monster which had seized and was trying to devour the great luminary. The mandarins' efforts were successful, for by degrees the demon released his hold, and the darkness passed away. The mandarins repeated the genuflexions with which the ceremony started, and the proceedings terminated in the usual manner. THIS is the opinion expressed by the Age of Steel, St. Louis, in an editorial article. Though nickel was used for coins two centuries before Christ, it is only recently that the discovery of the remarkable pro- perties of its alloy with steel has brought it irKo great commercial prominence. The tensile strength of this alloy-nearly one-fifth greater than "that of or- dinary steel, while its ductility remains thesame—will doubtless cause it to supplant common steel in many placeswhere great strength is required. For instance, the American Atlantic liner Paris has been supplied with aspt.re length of shafting of this alloy. It is said s I that this casting has a tensile strength of about 90,0001b., thus leaving existing British or German steel shafts quite a respectable distance in the rear. The production of nickel has increased within 10 years from HMO tons per annum to over 5000 tons, while before 1876 not more than 600 tons were pro- duced in any one year. The most noticeable increase has been in the manufacture of nickel-steel, ostensibly for armour-plates and guns, but it is not likely that its use will stop here, especially as the price tends steadily downwards.

TOMMV "I wish you would come every evening to call on aunty." Mr. Loftley Do you think she would be glad to see me?" Tommy: "I don't knew, but she gives me sixpence every time she sees you comin' to answer the door and say she's out." INDULGENT FATHER: "So you have two prizes, Mabel?" Mabel: "Yes, papa." "What are they for?" Well, I got thi« for Llio memoiy." "Weu, wbut warn the other f "1 osa** think at the momeot what that wia foe*

I T li'U iN A.LN JL) i'AAOy. CpSTOMEa: "Waiter, this bullock's heart is very ¡ badlv cooked." Waiter: Well, sir, the fact is, the cook's been crossed in love, and whenever he has any- thing to do with a 'eart, it so upsets him that he doesn't know what he's a-doin' of." SCENE On railway station, Saturday morning. Newsboy, running along platform: Mornin' papers, sir? Times, Telegraft, Daily News," etc., etc. Sharp Commercial from Manchester: "I say, my I lad, 111 give you a shilling for to-morrow's Times." Boy (briskly): "'Ere you are, sir; Sunday Times." Tb'e man from Manchester smiled feebly, but paid up. I HOPE you are not angry at papa for kicking you, dearest?" "Oh, no; I never pay any attention to what goes on behind my back." LEXA: "Fred didn't blow his brains out because you jilted him the other night; he came and pro- posed to me." Maud Did he ? Then he must have got rid of them in some other way." IN a school the other day, the teacher, while examining a class in history, put the question: Who at present occupies the highest position in Britain?" "Please, sir," said a little fellow, glee- fully, the man that tells the weather on the top o' Ben Nevis." UPON one occasion two ladies paid a cabby a shilling for the distance they had ridden, with one fourpenny bit, two threepenny pieces, one penny, and two halfpence. When cabby looked at the coins, he smiled drollv, and asked Well, well, how long might you have been saving up for this little treat?" FOR an example of pure and unalloyed contempt take a barber's opinion of the young man who is growing a full beard. THE value of such a poem as this cannot be expressed in mere guineas!" exclaimed Mr. Rondo. No, it cannot," agreed the editor we will pay you five shillings for it." "DON'T you think you could learn to love meT he said, looking at her wistfully. I'm sure I couldn't," she answered, decidedly; I'm a perfect dunce. When I was at school I never could learn any- thing." Snop ASSISTANT: "There are two kinds of cloth to match the shade of this sample you have, sir; one is much more expensive than the other. Have you any idea which your wife prefers?" Customer: "Oh, yes! She wants the one that costs the most." SITTIMAN: "I understand, sir, you want to sell your house at Brixton." Suburbuian I sold it last week to Mr. Dobbs." Sittiman: Indeed! Well, do you know of anyone else who has a place for sale there?" Suburbman: "About a week from now you might ask Dobbs." A FAT man ordered two seats in a coach for him- self. The clerk booked him one seat outside and the other inside. GRIGGS: "Did yon ever realise anything in the German lotteries?" Biggs:" Yes. I tried five times and realised that I was an idiot!" TEACHER: "Jimmy, in the sentence, The fire is low make it burn, what punctuation mark is needed ?" Practical Pupil: Colon." A YOUNG doctor said to a girl: Do you know, dear, I have a heart affection for you ?" Have you had it lung?" she coyly inquired. Oh, yes I feel that I will liver troubled life without you!" he fervently responded. Then you had better asthma," she softly murmured. As an illustration of the humour which sometimes proceeds from the dock, the following may be taken: A man, some years ago, was had up for stealing a horse. Yours is a very serious offence," said the judge to him, very sternly "fifty years ago it was a hanging matter." Well," replied the prisoner, with a certain logical reasonableness, fifty years hence it inavn't be a crime at all." A COUNTRY visitor to the Metropolis was wandering along Oxford-street agape at the many wondrous things that met his view. Passing a large confectionery establishment, he paused to look at the good things temptingly displayed in the window, a huge bride- cake particularly striking his fancy. Unable to resist the temptation, he entered the shop and inquired the price. Ten pounds," replied the shop- man, eyeing curiously the very unlikely purchaser, who looked not a bit like a prospective bridegroom. Ten pounds echoed the countryman, in astonish- ment. Then he pondered the matter for a few moments, and fairly petrified the shopman by saying: Then I'll hev' a ha'porth." WOMAN leads the world. She used smokeless powder for ages before men ever thought of adopting it. COMPENSATION I should think bicycle riding would contract the chest," said Dawson. It does," said Ryder; bnt see what fine, full, rounded shoulders you get." THERE is a story of an eccentric nobleman who amused himself by constructing an elaborate mausoleum for his own remains, and who, when the edifice was erected, asked the architect: Is anything now wanted to complete your design ?" Only your lordship s corpse," was the unexpected answer. GIGGLETON: "I nearly died laughing last night." Parker: Which one of your jokes were you telling ?" CLARA JOHNSON says you and I are engaged, Ethel," said Chappie. Clara Johnson always did say every spiteful thing about me she could think of." WITHERBY How do you manage to keep your pavement so nice and clean ?" Plankington:" My wife puts on her tailor-made gown, and every morning she walks up and down in front of the house." LITTLE GLADYS: Granny, go down on yonr hands and knees for a minute, please." Fond Grand- mother: "What am I to do that for, my pet?" Little Gladys:" 'Cause I want to draw an elephant." MAGISTRATE: "What's the charge against this man?" Officer: "Beating his wife, your worship; but heres a statement from his wife that he didn't hurt her." Magistrate: Why isn't she here to testify in person ?" Officer: "Site doesn't like to come into court with two black eyes and a broken nose, your worship." THKATRE-GOER (to lady in front, whose hat is decidedly in the way): Madam, woultl you have the goodness to take your hat off ? It prevents me from seeing the stage." Lady (indignantly ) Cer- tainly not." Quartette of Wrathful Spectators: "Take your hat off, please." But the fair offender only tightens her lips and looks determined. Wily Youth (in a stage whisper) It's a shame. Leave the lady alone; she has no hair." In an incalculable portion of a second the hat is removed, exposing luxuriant, abundant locks, and everyone is happy. V ISlTon: I suppose your daughter is busily pre- paring for her wedding?" Mother: Yes; she is up in her room now destroying all her old letters." A YOUNG woman has married her brother's wife's father. When last seen she was busy with a compass and a dictionary trying to study out what relation she was to herself. A BOY at a crossing, begging something of a gentleman, the latter told him that he would give him something as he came back. Your honour," replied the boy, you would be surprised if you knew how much money I lose by giving credit that way." ARE you sure you love him?" "Am 1 sure? Do you see this dress ?" Of course I do. What of it ?" Will you kindly tell me if it bears the slightest resemblancetothe present fashion?" "Well, really it-et'-it- It doesn't ?" No." Well, I'm wearing it because he likes it." THE Rev. Clericus has been waiting half an hour to speak to his wife, who is having a call from Mrs. Longwind. Hearing the front door close, he sup- 11 poses the visitor is gone. Rev. Clericus (calling from his study): Well, is that old bore gone at last ?" Mrs. Clericus (from the drawing-room, where Mrs. Longwind still sits) Oh, yes, my dear, she went an hour ago but our dear Mrs. Longwind is here. I know you will want to come in and see her." Boiny is attending to his pianoforte lessons very faithfully of late," said the youth's uncle. Yes," replied his mother. I don't have any trouble with him about that now." "How did you manage it?" Some of the neighbours complained of the noise his exercises made, and I told him about it. Now he thinks it's fun to practice." A NUMBER of candidates for the police force were being examined by a doctor the other day, and a pretty stiff examination it was, too. At length it came to testing the men's sense of hearing, and said the examiner: Do you see this watch?" Candidate: "Yes." Examiner: "Do you bear it tick ?" Candi- date Certainly, quite plainly." Examiner: Stand further back." Candidate retires three paces. Examiner: "Do you hear it now?" Candidate: Yes." Examiner Well, you must be smart, for the watch has not been going for a fortnight." THE Old Man: Humph! When I was your age I didn't wear kid gloves and a cane!" Algy (in an injured tone): Well, father, I should think you'd expect to find some improvement in the family since that time." PAPA," said Johnny, who has recently joined a debating society, is it correct to say The noes has it,' or The noes have it' ?" It depends, my son, on whether you are talking about a vote or a cold in the head." MANLY CREATURE I hate to see a woman cry. Miserable Ditto: "So do I; they look so doosii ugly with red eyes and noses Jolix DIGG (to classmnte'i "Well, Jack, colleg J days are over. Wliut are you going to du lor a iiv JogY" Jack Faatwtt: "Bees magtgpd by Rich ani Co," "What for?" n

MAESTEG LOCAL BOARD GENTLE BREEZES. The ordinary fortnightly meeting of the Maesteg- Local Board was held on Friday evening last. In the temporary absence of the Chairman, Mr Joshua Williams was voted to the chair, and the other members present were-Dr Daviea, Messrs G. Ferder,;J. G. Barrow, H. Bowen, Jenkin Jones, D. Davies. T. Rees, T. King Davies. Mr J. Tamblyn arrived shortly after the commencement of the meeting and assumed the chair. BREEZES. With regard to the state of Ivor-street and West- street, Dr Davies mentioned that the roads had been improved, but they were far from being in a satis- factory condition. Mr Jones considered twice the amount of metalling was required, but The Surveyor stated that the contractor had actually laid out more metalling than he had agreed to, and he considered the roads had been constructed in accordance with the specification. Dr Davies dissented from this view. aad he did not consider the Surveyor's opinion worth any- thing. J Mr Rees: If we do not accept our Surveyor's statement, whose are we to accept ? Mr Barrow, who had previously moved that the road be accepted from the contractor as satisfactory, remarked that he thought the matter had been suf- ficiently discussed and should be put to meeting. The Chairman: That is in my hands. I must leave the board to give their views on the matter. Mr Barrow I beg to differ from you. Tberela a proposition before the meeting, and I think the discussion should close. C, I The Chairman I don't think the discussion should close. Mr Barrow: That is very strange. The Chairman If I am not to have order- order 6n the Chairman is in perfect The motion was then put and carried ncm. COil. Dr Davies referring to an explanation of the Sur- veyor that the metalling had worked up by the traffic of the roads, said he knew better. He flatly denied there was any traffic there. The Surveyor: Thank you; I am much obliged to you. Dr Davies: I don't want any thanks. On the motion of MrD. Davies instructions were given to have ashes placed on the roads. THE LIGHTING CONTBACT. A communication was read from the Gas Company stating they were prepared to supply gas for the public lamps for the ensuing twelve months as per last year S contract for £ 145. They suggested, however, that as they failed to give the board satis- faction with the lighting and repairing, it would perhaps be more satisfactory if the board took this work into their own hands. It was resolved to accept the tender, the company to undertake the lighting and repairs as usual. PLASNEWYDD GROUND. In reply to the request of the board that the open space at Plasnewydd might if possible be preserved un built upon on account of its picturesquemws, Mr J. B. Harvey, on behalf of North's Company,wrote that it was his duty to develop the estate, and he was already negotiating with the School Board to let the site for the erection of a new school. NUISANCE AT CWJTDU ROAD. The Surveyor reportsd a nuisance atl Cwmdu- road arising from the drainage of two pigstyes into a ditch, which had become very foul; and to avoid the necessity of resorting to the extreme measure of closing the styes he was directed to get the owners to abate the nuisance. PRIVATE IMPBOVEMENES. A letter was read from Mr Thomas Powell, St Michael's-row, lodging an objection to the demand made upon him by the board to execute private improvements in West-street and Ivor-street, on the ground that the road was a public one, the footpath havmg been presented to the board by Miss Talbot. The matter was referred to the Highway Com- mittee to be dealt with later on, together with other objections which had been received. ALTERATIONS IN COKJIEECIAX- 8TRKET. An application from Mr Thomas Morgan, Com- mercial-street, to include the construction of a oellar in the alterations to his shop, a plan of which had already been passed by the board, was asseuted to. APPOINTMENT OF HAULIER. An application was received from Wm Williams, 29, High-street, for the post of haulier under the board, and he was appointed at a wage of 3s 6dper day. EOAD OBSTRUCTION AT CAEEAU. Attention was called by Mr D. Davies to the practice of builders at Caerau obstructing the high- way by leaving heaps of building material on the road, in some cases months after the buildings were completed. The Surveyor was directed to give immediate attention to the matter, and to report offenders to the next meeting. IMPBOVKMEXT OF STATION" STREET. The consideration of the offer from Mr A. Tre- harne, of a piece of ground in Station-street for the purpose of widening the road there, provided the board (onnected certain drains and laid the necesscry pavements, was referred to the Highway Committee. 3 MISCELLANEOUS. Dr Davies mentioned the existence of a nuisance in Brown-street, and the Surveyor stated that it was caused by the stoppage of the culvert in High- street. He was attending to the matter, and he was directed to report as to the probable cost of making the improvement permanent. The Surveyor was directed to visit Zoar-place, where it was repcrted there was a case of typhoid fever, for the purpose of taking steps to get what nuisances there might be existing there removed. Attention was called to houses at Garnllwyd which had been condemned as unfit for habitation and the Surveyor was directed to see the owners with the view ot getting the building improved as an alternative to their being closed. e

VOLUNTEER ENCAMP- MENT AT PORTHCAWL. The week's work, in connection with the brigade camp at Porthcawl, was brought to el el close on Saturday morning. At the call of the bugle, the teats were struck and folded with singular smartness, and soon thereafter the site of the encampment was practically cleared, and the whole of the debris removed. The 1st Brecknockshire V.B. S.W.B. left Porthcawl station by special train at about 12 o'clock, being closely followed by the 3rd V.B. S.W.B., Col. J. A. Bradney, the popular commanding officer of the latter corps, was loudly cheered as the train left the station. Although for the first part of the week the weather was extremely unpropitious, the men succeeded in spending &. pleasant time, and will have many agreeable reminiscences of their week under canvas.

T- RECKLESNESS AT AN ABERGWYNFI MINE. At Aberavon Police Court on Monday- Thomas Davies, of Abergwynfi collier, and Walter Hopkins, of Cwmavon, door-boy, wera charged with committing a breach of the '•ollierv rules, at the Avon Colliery the former for riding on a haulage tram and the lat er for LH i ig in possession of a tobacco pipe under- ground, and fines of £ 1 5s and 19s 6d including costs ware inflicted.

ACHES AND PAINS !—When a Bishop in the Wilds of Africa offers £ 1 (one pound) for half » ooitle of Ellituan's Embrocation, and this is refused ix^cause the sovereign might be replaced, but not» he Embrocatiou, you have unique testimony to t £ e alue of Klliniau's Embrocation, Proof: I fi'ered a man £ 1 for half a bottle of Elliman's tinibrocatiou, but he strongly preferred the Embro- cation to the £ 1, as oue rnifiht be replaced, the >ther not."—Quoted from the Journal of Bishop (J. W. Knight-Bruce, Bishop of Mashonaland, 1892. klliniau's Universal Embrocation for Rheumatism, Lumbago, Sprains, Bruises, Cuts, Sore 'I hi o#t from .old, Chest Uoldts, Stiffness, Cramp, Bronchitis, &c-, an excellent good thing. Is. l^d and 2a. M. Prfpared »nly by Ellitnau, Sons, and Co., S >"KK, mtRttbUU. 4HL