The Pembroke County Guardian and Cardigan Reporter

Business H66tesses. E EXTRA SPECIAL SCOTCH "Has been before the Public for nearly a QUARTER of a CENTURY. "Perfection of Blend- V*- hisky. '—" LANCFJL.' ii A Whisky of very r^iity."—" BRITISH MEDIC-Mj JOURNAL" "A safe and palatable stimulant for the sick and convalescent —"PRACTITIONER." V.S.O.r. LIQUEUR COGNAC. } It.I ,U -{ tJ (.I f'K .L' t A blend of famous vintages, of great age. and FAR SUPERIOR to the HIGHEST grade of Brandy in quality. "AN UNDOUBTEDLY GENUINE GRAPE SPIRIT." Lancet 17 MARGRAVE BROS., LLANELLY. Commerce House, Ltd., WE ARE MAKING AN IMPORTANT SHOW OF SIPIEai-A-ILi iFTXIE^S I WE HOLD A MAGNIFICENT STOCK OF Sable, FOX5 Beaver and Marten Ties, i with Muffs to match, > IN ALL THE NEWEST SHAPES. £ Great Show of Millinery. SPLENDID DISPLAY OF PARIS MODELS We specially invite inspection of our very choice Stock in this Department. We are confident we cannot be equalled for Value and Style. ORDERS V post leceive prompt and careful attention. Commerce House, Ltd. Haverfordwest. jEtmcaticmaL Haverfordwest Grammar School. FOUNDED 1613. Chairman of Governors R. T. P. WILLIAMS, Esq. Headmaster Rev. J. Henson, M.A., Oxon, Assisted by a Staff of Six Experienced Masters. Recognised by the Board of Education. A Secondary School providing preparation for all University and Professional Examinations and for Commercial life. Pupils prepared for the larger Public Schools. Numerous recent successes. A few Boarders can be received at low fees. For prospectus, etc., apply to the Head- master. Next term begins on Tuesday, January 21st, and parents will be interviewed on that day. se TasKer's High School For Girls HAVERFOEDWEST. Headmistress Miss VI. E. Jones, B.A., Vales. (Assisted by hill], ly qualified mistresses). FEES el 6s. 8d. per term. Special Subjects: Greek, German, and Painting. )5s. per term. Re-opens Wednesday, January 15th, at 2 p.m. Headmistress at home to parents on Monday and Tuesday afternoon. County Pupils are only allowed to board at houses approved by the Governing Body, of which a list can be ob- tained (with any other information desired relative to school arrangements), either from the Headmistress, or from Mr J. W. Phillips, Bolicitor, Tower Hill, Clerk to the Governors. St. David's County School Chairman: THE VERY REV. THE DEAN OF ST. DAVIDS .V ico- Chairman: CAPT. S. ROACH. Headmaster: MR. THOMAS THOMAS, B.A. (London). Assistant Master: MR. H. P. JACKSON, M.Sc. (Vic.). „ „ Assistant Mistress: MISS K. M. GREEN, L.L.A. (St. Andrews), Cambridge Teachers' Diploma. Assistant Mistress: MISS E. H. MOSELEY, B.A. (Wales), with Honours. Pupils prepared for the London Matricula- tion, the Oxford and Cambridge Locals, the Legal, Medical, and Pharmaceutical Examina- tions, the Entrance Scholarship Examinations I of the University Colleges of Wales, and the I South Kensington Sciene and Art Examina- tions. TUITION FEES.— £ 4 per annum, or El 613. Id per term; two (brothers or sisters) £7 per per annum, or ie2 6s. 8d. per term; three (brothers or sisters) ielo per annum, or .£3 le. €d. per term. j Pupils taking Music will be charged an extra fee. For terms and further particulars, Prosper- etc., apply to the Headmaster, or te < MR. W. D. WILLIAMS, I Registrar, St. Davids. I Hill House College, Haverfordwest, j THE MISSES DAVIES (daughters of the J late Rev. T. Davies, D.D.) conduct a school for boarders and day pupils at the above commodious and well-situated residence. The course of instruction comprises the usual branches of a sound English Education, with Music (Piano and Violin), French, Latin, ( Drawing and Painting. Pupils prepared for the Oxford and Cam- bridge Local, College of Preceptors, Trinity College and other examinations. Kindergarten Occupations for the Infants. Prospectus on application. The next term will begin on Tuesday after- noon, January 21st. 3jal7 flDuslcal instruments. j IF YOU WANT A PIANO or ORGAN do not be persuaded by any interested person to purchase until you have ascertained tbe extra- ordinary value we are offering. Yon will save many pounds, be most liberally treated, and Ret the easiest possible terms by purchasing from us. i —DUCK, SON. & Pinker, The Great Piano I Merchants, Pultney Bridge, Bath. Catalogue Qd book of advice free. Name this paper. Our tuners visit this district and all parts of South Wales at regular intervals—send us a post card and tuner shall call. 19ap52 JBusiness BfcDresses. THE SWANSEA MERCANTILE BANK Limited, OF 18, PARK STREET, SWANSEA, MAKE CASH ADVANCES DAILY FROJI 95 to 9500 TO FARMEBS aDd ALL CLASSES of resect- JL able householders upon their own Note o1 Hand, and other kinds of securities. ALL TRANSACTIONS STRICTLY PRIVATE Apply to H. B. JONES, Manager, Or W. D. PHILLIPS, Auctioneer, Haverfordwest Local Representat've Pernonal attendance every Wednesday afternr.on and at other times by special appointment at VIc. Soria Road, opposite the book gates. Milford Haven Notice of Removal. WILLIAM BEYNON, late of the Mariners' Hotel, Lower Solva, and now of tbe ROYAL GEORGE HOTEL, UPPER SOLVA, tenders his best thanks to his friends and patrons for their past support, and hopes to receive in the future the same patronage as hitherto ac- corded him. Best brands of Beers & Spirits supplied. EVKltY ATTENTION AND CIVILITY. Please note the address THE ROYAL GEORGE HOTEL, UPPER SOLVA. jal8 Shipping Botlces. TAKE YOUR TIKETS TO c IV -A- ZD by ALLAU I 160 ACHES | WORKERS .] BOYAL MAIL 1 FREE LAND I WANTED XJ X IT Jrii» I FOB ALL j EVERYWHERE For Handbook of work and wages, Settlers' Guide and Maps, apply, ALLANS, 103, LEADENHALL STREET, & 5t PALL MALL, LONDON, & 19, JAMES ST., LIVERPOOL Local Agent:— W. H. JOHN, "ounty Gnardian" Office, Solva. OUTH AFRICA ROYAL MAIL ROUTE UNION CASTLE LINE. London and Southampton. To Cape Colony, Natal, Deja- goa Bay, Beira, etc., calling frequently at Madeira, Las Palmas, Teneriffe, Ascension, and St. Helena Weekly Sailings. Fast Passages. Superior Accommodation. Best Route. For-Rates of Passage Money and all further information, apply to the Managers: DONALD CURRIE & CO., London, or to Local Agents. DAN DAVIES, AUCTIONEER AND VALUER, Sales conducted and Valuations made on the best possible terms. OFFICES :— I ORIELTON TERRACE, PEMBROKE. j119- ——————i—————|m GASWORKS, FISHGUARD. COKE AND COAL TAR for Sale, Produced from the Best Welsh Gas Coals. Please state quantities required. Prices and particulars from F. W. COLLIER, Manager. nol- Don't Read This. WANTED MEN AND BOYS of good VT character, for Royal Navy and Royal Marines. Good pay, and pension on leaving.— Apply, Rwrniting Office, North Park Street, Pembroke Dock. Ipubttc Wotices. Notice. THE COURT LEETS and View of Frank- -L pledge of our Sovereign Lord, King Edward VII. and Courts Baron of the Ecclesias- tical Commissioners for England, will be held for the following Manors and Lordships, at the times and places undermentioned, viz:— For the MANOR OF DEWSLAND—at the City Hotel. St. David's, on TUESDAY, the 28th day of January, 1908. AT 11 O'CLOCK IN THE FORENOON. For the MANOR OF THE CITY AND SUB- URBS OF ST. DAVID'S—at the City Hotel, St. David's, on Tuesday, the 23th day of January, 1908, AT ONE O'CLOCK in the AFTERNOON. For the MANOR OF TREVINE—at the Ship Inn, in the village of Trevine, on Wednesday, the 29th day of January, 1908, at 11 o'clock in the FORENOON. JAMES THOMAS, Deputy Steward. 9, Victoria Place, Haverfordwest. January 14th, 1908. 2ja24. announcements. TENBY RACES. I These Races will take place (weather permitting) on WEDNESDAY & THURSDAY NEXT, 22nd and 23rd January. Cheap excursions from all parts. North Pembrokeshire Farmers' Club. NOTICE. THE GENERAL ANNUAL MEETING of the -L above club will be heli at the COMMERCIAL HOTEL, FISHGUARD, on THURSDAY, JAN. 23, 19U8, at 3 p.m. V. J. G. JO TINS, secretary. Ijal7. CHEAP PREPAID ADVER- TISEMENTS. Our Prepaid Scale. ONE THREE SIX Insertion. Inserts. Inserts. 28 words of under. Is. Od. 2s. Od. 3s. 6d. 35 „ H In. 3d. 2s. 7d. 4s. 7d. 42,. b. 6d. ia. Od. [-a. 3d. And so on at the rate of 3d. per seven words on the First Insertion, and Half-price subse- quent consecutive insertions. These charges apply only to the following classes of advertisements if prepaid :-Situa- tions Vacant or Wauted, To be Let, Apart- ments Wanted and To Let, Houses and other Premises to be Let, Specific Articles for Sale, Articles, Dogs, Sheep, etc., Lost and Found, and all Miscellaneous Wants. Unless paid for in advance the credit rate of double the. above will be charged. Maitteb, WANTED, an Apprentice for the Shoeing and Jobbing Smith. Maintenance provided.— Apply, J. Williams, Pontiago Forge, Goodwick. dels- ANTED, a good active GENERAL. Good ▼ » wages to suitable applicant.—Apply, J. W. Hancock, The Million, Pembroke Dock. 3ja24 WANTED, Situation as cook-housekeeper to Gentleman. Country preferred.—Apply bv letter to R," "County Guardian" Office, Haverfordwest. 3jal7 \\7 ANTED a strong General the end of Jaun" ary. W ages £ 16 to £ 18 Good references- Apply Mrs Robiuson, "Springfield," Hakin' Milford Haven. 3jal7 ANTED for February capable general ▼ Servant, able to do plain cooking; modern house, every convenience good wages to capable girl. Apply, 21 Argyle Street, Pembroke Dock. 3jal7 WANTED two Apprentices to ship and general smith. Apply to W. H. Jones, The Quay, Milford Haven. ja31 WANTED, in every important village and town in Pembrokeshire reliable men wishiul to increase their incomes by a first-class Life Assurance Company, doing both Ordinary and Industrial Business. 10s. per week easily made in spare time. Also wanted an Agent at Goodwick or Fishguard to devote whole time. Excellent terms to the right men. Guarantee Bond required.-Apply. Scourfield, 30, Kensing- ton Terrace, Haverfordwest. 3ja31 CHEMIST'S APPRENTICE. FD. PHILLIPS, Member Pharmaceutical • Society, Market Street, Haverfordwest, has a vacany for an APPRENTICE. 3ja24 Sealyham Terriers. WANTED a pure-bred Sealyham Terrier bitch> on short legs; and a good specimen of the breed; not under 12 months. Particulars to Guardian Office, Vergam Street, Fishguard. 3jal7 jfor Sale. CART for Sa'e; large size; good quality splendid condition, cheap.—R. Phillips & Co. Mathry. des- u- 000 APPLEj BARRELS and Grape Barreis & for Sale. Apple barrels 3s per dozen grape barrels 2s 6d per dozen. Also a good serviceable counter, 5s. Oranges, 65 per Is.- Sullivan, Fruiterer, Pembroke Dock. 3ja24 FOR SALE.—Hawkers Cart, equal to new.— Apply Devonald, Holloway, Haverfordwest. 3jal7 FOR SALE Oat straw, also potatoes. Apply T. G. Williams, Llanrian, Letterston. 2ja24 jfarrns anfc Ibouses Uo Met. TO LET, Freemasons Arms,' Dinas. Apply Swansea Old Brewery and Davies (Cardi- gan) Bonded Stores, Ltd. Cardigan. se20 O LET, the BLACK HORSE HOTEL, Bridge Street, Haverfordwest.—Apply T. James, Brewery, Haverfordwest. 3ja24 P.P.B. BUILDING SOCIETY, PEMBROKE DOCK. rpHE following house to be let or sold House A and Shop, 22, Laws Street North, Pembroke Dock. Further particulars to be obtained from the Secretary, Bui'ding Society. Office, Pem- broke Dock. oc4- KILN PARK, Narberth. TO LET, with immediate possession, the de- sirable residence, called KILN PARK, sit- uate within three minutes walk of Narberth Railway Station, and within five minutes of the town, comprising Ground Floor Dining Room, Drawing Room, Morning Room, Kitchen, China Pantry, Scullery, etc: First Floor.-5 Bedrooms, Bathroom, H and C, W.C., Hot Closet. Second Floor.-2 Bedrooms and Boxroom. There is a large walled garden studded with fruit trees. The outbuildings comprise Outer Kitchen, Coach Houses and Saddle Room, Extensive Stables with Loft over, Cowhouse, and other usual out offices. An installation of Acetelyne Gas has been laid on. A small paddock of about one acre is avail- able. For further particulars and orders to view, apply, LEWIS AND JAMES, de26— Solicitors, Narberth. PEMBROKE douuty Suasdlau jUman&c, 908. ON SALE NEXT THURSDAY This Year's Almanac contains an ENORMOUS AMOUNT of COUNTY AND LOCAL INFORMATION, and you should not fail to secure Copies for yourself and friends who have left the County. To save disappointment- Order Now —INTERESTING PHOTOS- LIST OF FAIRS MEMBERS OF COUNTY AND LOCAL GOVERNING BODIES POSTAL INFORMATION, DIARY, ETC. ON SALE Next Thursday. At all Newsagents throughout the County. j Price—Two-pence

AN APPEAL. In another column we report the proceedings at a town's meeting, convened by the Mayor, at which it was decided to open a subscription list for the unemployed. The distress is very real in the case of a number of families, though happily not on a very extensive scale. In some scores of homes, however, the pinch of poverty is being severely felt, and any of our readers who may feel inclined to loose their purse- i strings may accept our assurance that by so doing they will be rendering a real service. Mr. Sydney J. Rees, the secretary, will acknow- ledge through our columns any sums so sent.

CHURCH REFORM FROM WITHIN. There is much in the speeches delivered at the ruri-decanal conference at Pembroke Dock last week to afford interesting reading for ad- herents of the Established Church, and still more for the members of the various Noncon- formist bodies. Experienced churchmen con- fess their admiration of the policy which gives the layman of the chapel a fuller and a more active co-operation in the religious life and organisation of the body to which he belongs than is afforded his brother who is within the Established fold. Within the church the clergyman is practically supreme, and the lay- man is in a subordinate position; in the chapel, pastor and people are, in effect, on an equality. It follows, therefore, that while the lay Nonconformist has many ways of actively assisting in religious work, his brother in the Church can at best, lend but a passive assist- ance. The rural dean, with characteristic acuteness deplores the mischievious effects which follow this policy upon the church laity, and he would like to see the plan which has worked so well in the Free Churches adopted. The rector of Prendergast put the difference between the two classes of laity into concrete shape by citing the examples we see on the Pembrokeshire County Council. The Noncon- formist members, in nearly every instance, have for many years been active workers in their respective chapels, and bring to bear on their public duties a spirit inspired by the spiritual life of their chapels. The Church- man, on the other hand, has been so long shut out from participation in religious work that he is too apt to regard these matters as the special business of the clergy, and no concern of his. It is easy to see why, in social, political, and religious matters we find the most zealous workers, the men who throw their whole hearts into whatever they are engaged upon, come from the ranks of the chapel rather than the church. We agree that the Rev. Silas Phillips, and the commission now sitting to inquire into the position and work of the church has re- vealed the unexpected strength of what has been so often described as an "alien institu- tion"; but all broadminded Churchmen-and Nonconformists too for that matter-will agree that if some means can be devised of giving the laity a much larger share in the life of the Church, the influence which Churchmen wield in the public life of the nation will re- ceive an immense impetus. With so many "tremendous, vital, burning questions of the day" awaiting to be dealt with we need all the help which a spiritually minded, right thinking and active laity, whether Church or Chapel, can bring to bear upon their settle- ment

COUNTY NOTES. The Standing Joint Committee for the county last week again discussed the vexed question of the accumulated fines and fees for the borough of Pembroke. This is a matter which is discussed frequently enough without our getting "any forrader." The fault, however, now can hardly be put upon the Pembroke representatives. Quite recently an appointment was made to meet the representatives of the county, but this was cancelled by Mr. Davies George—of course acting on instructions. This matter has been on the tapis for six years, and some iE750 is at present lying between the two bodies. Surely this state of things will not be allowed to continue indefinitely? If the members of the various committees have not the time or the inclination to attend meet- ings, the best thing they can do is to resign and give other men, who may be willing to do the work, an opportunity. "6 The Milford Port Sanitary Authority will ere long have at last something to do besides eat- ing the president's lunch, on the rare occasions when they "foregather." A new Society for the Destruction of Vermin has been formed to wage a national campaign against rats. The Port Sanitary Authority, at fitful periods, has pronounced the doom of the rats which infest Milford Docks, but so far the warfare has been a wordy one only. Now, fortified by the opinion of Sir James Crichton-Browne, who has repeatedly spoken of the danger of the Tat as the agent for disseminating a number of virulent diseases, we may have vigorous action. The rat is suspected of spreading bubonic plague, trichinosis, besides various other dis- eases, and is not only dangerous in this res- pect, but is very destructive, and is altogether a Joathsoine pest. But whilst everyone is agreed that the rat must go, the problem remains to devise an effective rat-slaying cam- paign. The services must be enlisted of the Board of Agriculture, which devotes some at- tention to the suppression of voles, rats, and mice. Poisoning, if adopted on a large scale, might be dangerous, and it will probably be well for the Society to study methods in use in other countries before framing definite re- commendations. t t » Attempts have been made from time to time to show that the proceedings of the County Council, under the Food and Drugs Acts, leave much to be desired, that the number of samples taken is relatively so small that it pays a dishonest trader to take the risk, and that, except in the cases of milk and butter, there is scarcely anywhere a serious attempt to check adulteration. There is some ground for this complaint, although the local authori- ties are not entirely to blame, the Acts them- selves being so defective as to constitute an encouragement to dishonesty. It is generally recognised that the article most often and most easily adulterated is milk, yet scarcely any trader need expose himself to the risk of conviction provided he arranges with the man who supplies him to furnish a warranty. That loophole is not open to the same extent in the case of butter, but it apf.-I -.Ys from the annual report of the Board of Agriculture that a way is found in many districts of selling margarine for butter, without very much risk. There is no occasion to detail here the methods employed, but it is easy for anybody to realise the force of the remark that it is very difficult to obtain samples of adulterated goods in a district where the trader knows everybody in the locality. All he has to do is to keep a small stock of the genuine article, and when a purchase is made by a stranger, supply him with the goods that will bear analysis. 'a" T Some investigations which are being under- taken by the Bristol Health Committee raise the uncomfortable suggestion that there are people who may be a chronic cause of infec- tion in others. It is generally known that in scarlet fever, as in some other diseases, the danger of infection is greatest when the pa- tient is recovering, but it is rather alarming to have it suggested that a person who had typhoid five or six years ago, and apparently entirely recovered, is still the unconscious cause of typhoid infection in others. Yet it is said in all seriousness that this is quite pos- sible. although the pre-disposing cause or con- ditions are unknown. Some inquiries into the mystery of after-recovering infection have been undertaken by pathological authorities in Ger- many, and it is to be hoped that medical science will be able to offer an explanation or refutation of this somewhat disquieting theory. "6 v It seems rather late in the day for the authorities to have discovered that many Mutiny and Crimean veterans are in the work- house. That fact could have been demon- strated to Lord Roberts, or anybody else, many years ago; indeed, on the occasion of every entertainment to such veterans, provided care was taken to discover all who were entitled to attend, it has been found that some of the guests were attired in workhouse uniform. Not only has that been so, but many of the workhouse inmates were men who had the clasps for the most stubbornly contested battles, or engagements, in the Crimea or India, while some of them had been severely wounded in action. It is, at the same time, better late than never, and every right-minded person will rejoice if provision is now made for the rapidly decreasing number of these veterans. Of course, it must be admitted that, in some cases, the men's own improvidence is the cause of their present position; but, mak- ing all allowances for that, it ought to be possible to devise means of giving men who have done the State service an easier evening to their life. The appeal made by the King is, we hope, the beginning of better days.

The County Association for Pembrokeshire under the Territorial Army Act has been con- stituted as follows:— President, Earl Cawdor. Chairman, Col. E. Holford Walker. Vice-chairman, Col. R. O. Lloyd. Representative Members.—County Council: Col. Mirehouse, C.M.G., Angle; Major J. V. Colby, Boncath, and Mr. E. White, Haverford- west. Borough of Haverfordwest: Mr. W. J. Jones. Military Members.—Major C. F. Beddoe, V.D., Lieut.-Col. G. Griffiths, V.D.; Col. F. C. Mey- rick, C.B.; Col. Sir O. H. P. Scourfield, Bart.; Col. Sir C. E. G. Philipps, Bart.; Lieut.-Col. Philipps, D.S.O.; Major J. F. L. Phillips, Col. W. B. Roberts, V.D.; Col. T. J. Roch, and Major R. H. Treweeks.

The current number of the "Baptist Times and Freeman" contains a biographical sketch of the Rev. Thomas Erasmus Gravell, of Cold Inn, a man of many parts, whose pastorate, due to his incessant labours, has been attended with great success. Born at Pembrey, Carmar- thenshire, he entered Haverfordwest College in 1885, and settled in his present sphere in 188 He is president and secretary of the Pembroke- shire Baptist Association, secretary of the Eng: lish Baptist Sunday School Union of Wales for Pembrokeshire, and holds other important ap pointments. In all these appointments he has rendered most valuable services, and won mucb personal esteem. The affairs of Edward F. Venables, late of Lansdown, Bath.—At the London Bankruptcy Wourt on Monday the first meeting of creditors was held under the failure of this debtor. The receiving order was made on the petition of Messrs. Stokes, solicitors, of Pembroke, he being described as a major in the 2nd Bat- talion of the Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment, Singapore, residing at Burton House, Lansdown, Bath. The Chairman stated thai the debtor, having returned to Singapore, had not surrendered to the proceedings. Nothing was known as to his debts or assets. In the absence of a proposal, the case was left to the Official Receiver to wind up in bankruptcy.

BROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES BROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES Cure Cough, Cold, Hoarseness, and In- fluenza. Cure any Irritation or Soreness of the Throat, Relieve the Hacking Cough in Consumption, Relieve Bron- chitis, Asthma, and Catarrh. Carry them abotft with you. Sold everywhere, la. Vjd. per box. BROWN'S BROKCSIAL TROCHES BROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES de6-apl7

THE RURAL EXODUS. 'f (Continued from last week. In what will the new Act benefit agricultural labourers? Under the present system all their time is occupied in order to gain a starvationl wage. Now will the farmers allow them timet to look after their ••iHotments_ert;unly not The only way possible for tbi.-ji to benefit is to take a small holding. where is thef- money to come from < It urnbe large enough, to keep a man in regular work. I have seen a HIUHU t-cau- :tely sold and! bought up by 1cr; fnTmery, who hold large farms, at a cheap race, and who paid more than it was worth. Now they let it out to' small holders, and by their high rents and. unsuitable buildings they are crushing the very marrow out of the tenant's bones. From such landlords good Lord deliver us. Mr. Perkins says the big landlords are best. Well, the farmers are on a yearly tenancy, at a, lower rent, with the stipulation that they act as unpaid gamekeepers and keep twenty to thirty head of L-ut-s on ten acros of turnips,. have their corn oaten up by pheasants and. rabbits, and their fences broken down by keepers and beaterc. It was said a few years back that three acres and a cow would be the salvation of the agricultural labourer; now it is three acres and a partridge. I agree with principle of the Act-viz., compulsion-but why should it be worked to benefit landlords? Taking into consideration the application of physical science in provid- ing the necessaries of life, it is making the whole earth one vast harvest field. If rich soil in a splendid climate can be purchased at Zl per acre, or rented. at 2s. an acre, and the produce of it, by the aid of steam, and that natural highway, the mighty oceaan (over which no man has yet claimed a monopoly nor demand- ed any rent) can be carried ten thousand miles at less cost than a similar given ( n- tity could be carried fifty miles sixty J ars ago, it is very clear that land in an old coun- try must approximate to the value or rental of that in a new country. It is monstrous to suppose that the remnants of feudalism can stand against these new and mighty economic factors. This new civilisation we all wish to see, and values must go hand in hand. How can this be accomplished? By the only natural means, nationalise the laud and all other means of production and distribution. Mr. Perkins says that our land produces more per acre than any other country. What has. struck me most about the present system of farming is its wastefulness. Take corn grow- ing. The oorn is sown on the surface of badly prepared land. What is not wasted by the, binder is carted into the hayguard. It is not done anything with until threshing. The rick. down to the office is wet and very often grown. Then at threshing time they get the pitcher and a horse and dump the straw in a heap, not because the labourer is incapable of mak- ing a proper rick, but because there is no one to do it. The straw is littered over the whole land from one farm to another. What is left of it on large farms is chopped up along with. hay and mfal, and steamed. Then it is fed to cattle in open folds along with oil cake. Instead of getting rich manure to fertilise the land they only have a heap of mould whose manurial salts are washed out and its free- ammonia escaped into the air. To get this back they will have to pay at the rate of iElOWO per ton. As I have had practical experience in cul- tivating land, both extensive and intensive systems, in our wind-swept county, I have no- hesitation in saying that if all the land was properly cultivated we could produce most of the necessities ofolife and some of the luxuries, for a population of *&0,000.000 in Great Britain- But it is no use producing tt with our present system of distribution. Is the present system or manner (whereby the products of industry are distributed as- between various classes and persons of th& community) satisfactory? How often we are told that competition rules everything. Let three farmers take each a flock of cattle .to Haverfordwest Fair, of equal value and num- ber. For example, suppose a dealer has to buy a certain quantity of a standard character? He goes to farmer No. 1 and says, "I like the look of your lot, but there are others that, would suit me quite as well. Will you look into your price and see if you can do better." To No. 2 and 3 he says much the same. No. Z R shortly comes and says, "My price is very low, '} but in order to get them off my hands I will I take 10s. a head off." The dealer thanks him for his offer and condoles with him on the keenness of competition. No. 1 also comes along and says he will also make a reduction of 10s. a head, but the dealer tells him he has just been offered some as good as his at that price. No. 1 not to be outdone, takes 15s. off. The dealer also sympathises with him, but as business is a race for wealth, and the fittest survives, he asks him to wait a bit until he Sees what he can do. He goes to- No. 3 next. "Well, what about the cattle. I have had the offer of some good ones very cheap. Prices are down to-day." After » moment's silence No. 3 takes off 15s. a head. "Oh," the dealer says, "that is no use; "So- a,nd-So" (naming No. 1) "has already offered me his at that price. Come and have a drink. They start talking about the weather and keep. The farmer says he is running short and does not want to take his lot home. The dealer offers to take the lot at 30s. a head off. After some further talk the farmer eventually isells at 25s. a head off. By a little artfulness and diplomacy the dealer has the price reduced 25s., but it does not follow that supply and demand, or fair competition, had anything to do with it. The farmer has lost all his profit and in the long run the labourer will have to' suffer. Now supposing the farmer or labourer were to pursue the same tactics in buying a suit of clothes or a sack of flour They would be kicked out of the retailer's shop, and a brick thrown after them. In the selling of the la- bourer's work, which is what a farmer has to do, competition rules the market; but in supplying one's every-day wants custom dic- tates prices, or the rate of profit. Not only is the present system of distribu- tion unsatisfactory, but it is also unjust, be- cause it tends to the inequitable distribution of wealth. Productive industry is checked be- cause the producer cannot find a remunerative sale for his goods. It is a crime of the deepest dye for man to take away the life of his fellow. The spread of Christian teaching and the growth of morality and humani-tarianism have made us consider it a crime for man to hold property in the life and servitude of his brother man. The day is not far distant when we shall consider it a most heinous crime for a class or individual to deny or debar, by any restrictive means whatsoever, their fellow man the full reward of his industry and freedom to labour. If life is sacred, surely the natural right to sustain it can only be one degree less sacred. I must thank :\1- Reynolds for his able paper. It is the best that has appeared on the subject yet. If the County Council has any intention of carrying out the law, why don't they do the same as they do by the Wild Birds Act? Sutely human beings are of more consequence than birds. A BOUND TENANT'S SON. Sir,—I am inclined to think that some of your readers run away with the idea that no one knows the labourer's ways or needs but the farmers. There is no doubt they know their needs perfectly well, only they are blind to the matter. "E. J. J." tells us that he has been a farmer and an employer for over forty years. But I myself will venture to tell him that he is more than a farmer: he is a first-class prophet. He tells me that I am a ladies' man from tip to toe. Now, I must frankly admit that I am, from the very first day that I knew my mother to be a lady. And that love was not a dwarf love; it grew until I took to myself a first-rate wife. NL loubt "E. J. J." will envy me when I tell hin-I i liat I have also got a few; daughters whom I dearly cherish, and since I scarcely ever went out on those mornings without thinking of that poor shiftless labourer's wife, and wondered if she had taken the hint and either used the needle or the blacklead brush. No doubt our County Council are extravagant in many ways, but I have suf- ficient confidence in them that if they think there is anything in the Small Holdings Act that will benefit the labourer they will not deprive him of it, or allow the likes of j "E. J- J." to block the way. If they will give J them a chance they will find there are men I to-day who are willing to help themselves. No F doubt there are some that a cow would bo | very little use to. There are a few wasters in | every class, from the upper ten to the lower five, but what right-thinking man would dare to pull them into the majority? What we want to-day is broad-minded men of the "yol1 and me" class, not the man who is all self. crouched up in one little- corner with no room to move, who can see nothing but trouble- Such life is not worth living, and the sooner the old school is wiped out the better.-Yoursa etc., LABOURER'S FRIEND..