The North Wales Chronicle and Advertiser for the Principality

SUNDAY IN THE COUNTRY. The creaking waggon's in the shed, II TehrlHail{fgh,,h:I, The horse is littered down and fed, The harness hangs above his head, The whip behind the dour. II His leathern gloves and hooked bill To-day the w oodman throws aside; The blacksmith's fiery forge is still i The wooden wheel of the old mill Sleeps in the mill-dam wide. The miller's boat is anchored, where, Far out, the waterlilies sleep; You see their shadows mirrored there, The broad white flowers reflected clear Within the mill pool deep. The barrow's in the garden shed, Hoc, lake, and spade, are put away; Unwecdea stands the onion bed. The gardener from his work hath fled, This holy Sabbath-day. Upon the wall the white cat sleeps, By which the churns and milk-pans lie; A drowsy watch the house-dog keeps, And scarcely from his dull eye peeps, Upon the passer-by. And sweetly over hill and dale The silvery sounding church-bells ring; Across the moor and down the dale They come and go. and on the gale From where the white-washed Sunday-school Peeps out between the poplars dim, Which ever throw their shadows cool Far out upon the rushy pool, You hear the Sabbath h}mn, From farm and field, and grange ground grey, From woodland walks and winding ways, The old and young, the grave and gay, Unto the old church come to piav. And sing God's holy praise. For the great God himself did say, Thou shalt rest one day out of seven And set apart that holy day To worship Me, and sing, and pray, If thou wouldst enter Heaven."

ADDOLUNT Y BEIIIDD All EU CHWYL ADFY- FYUIAWL YN NllElL NATUK. IOltWBltTIt. 0 forau nefolaidd! inor glir yw yr awyr, 1 wenau yr haul ei glwys ddorau a egyr; Y mor svdd yu Uyfndeg, a'r bryniau draw'n scrchawg A d?i nut cu dar uii r ?i fronuu arddcrchawg ug¿lr;!ftà )ca;da;tr¥i1l Eu porphor flodau y d. l3,dd hyf'r)loll A'r haul 1el rhy, .r )-n peL?-dru, A'i gylchdro mewn awyr asurliw'n i?elItLnu Mae'n ddvdd o orphywsfa i'r enuid lluddedig, 0 ganol trati'erthion y ddaiar lygredig Mae'n ddydd i ehedeg i ganol y nefoedd, Goruwch i ddylanwad y gcrwin dymhestlocdd; Mo? f?ly. i 6'ydd ydyw eistcdd yn hyfryd, :s!d7a:rc:¡?'n i7:yd Achaogtubrith-Hodion?reiddiafrasueau, Hyd esmwyth ymylon Uiwiedig y ffrydiau! RHEIDIOL. Iorwerth! gwel draw, O gwmwl goleuwyn! Syniuda'n ddi-fraw Fel nefol aderyn! Mae'n dlws yn y nen, A'i odrau'n borphoraidd! Ei fron sydd yn wen, A'i olwg yn wylaidd! IORWERTH. Dyna gerbyd j1 IOR pan y nierchyg yn rhwysgfavvr, A thwrf ei olwynion fel taran ddyehrjnfawr; Y gwrid a orchuddir gan gilwg y nefoedd, A'r gwynder g3,?g?,di, gan ?dy- t?,.h?.tl.,dd! Siomedig yw'r olwg dynerfwyn a i lliwia Pan drwyddo'r IBHOVAII ei drem a fclltcna! o Rheidiol! yn uwch na'r wybrenau, Eheded ein ffydd am dynerfwyn gymmylau. RHCIIIOI. Iorwerth, gwel Cry, Mae'r awyr yn loyw, FJl:,frwldw Yn arianaidd ei ddelw! Mae'n Uonyddei bryd Mown tangnefedd yn huno; Amgylcha y byd Yn ci momves dig) ffro! IORWEUTH. 0 Rheidiol! trysoifa y gwylltion clfcnau Y w'r Ilwyr a weli yn dlos uwch ein peuau; Yna mac'n cysgu y corwynt rhuadfawr, Ei wcly estynol yw'r awyr eangfawr; Pan rodia y Dawdod fe glywir ei gamrau Yn adsain yr awyr mewn tiystfawr daranau Yn uwch, ac yn uwch nag elfeuau dialedd, Cyfeiried cin ffydd am awyrlen tangncfedd llllEUIIOL. o Iorwerth mac r eigion yn dawcl udigynro, A'i donau fel tlysion fabanod yn huno Ni chlywir ond sisial v dyfnder yn hyfryd Yn traethu chwedleuon I'W lanau tywodlyd! Mae fel rhyw ddrych goleu i'r haul cdrych iddo Wrth drefnu ei wisg 0 oleuni am dano Ymddengys i mi fel eartrefie tangnefedd, Rhyw ddelw daenedig o dyuer orfoledd IORWEKTH Rheidiol! civw ust! Mae y corwynt yn deffro- Agor dy glust, Clyw ei udgorn yn rhiio! Mae'r daran inewn trwst Ar balmant y wvbmi, A'dlhetltIr i7r' Cynhyrfa'r ffurfafeu! Ydyfnderxddeffryiysgydwtteidonau, Ymehwydda nes llucliio ei wyn i'r cymmylau Yn eclnys ei wedd tan gynhyrfiant dialedd, Gorwisga ti lanau ag ewyn cynddaiedd Pan glywir rhuiadrau y nrochwyllt daranau Yn disgyn dros ochrau y scrthawg gymmylau, Fe'u hettyb yn ffroch yn rhwysgfalcnder gorhoian, Nes crynu holl seiliau hen deml fawr anian O Rheidiol! paid by th Ag ymddiried i'r eigion; Yn uweh b'o dy nyth Am dangnefedd hyfrydlon Mae cefnfor mawr, clir, Y Duwdod yspknydd- Ynddo n wir Y byldi ddedwydd. RHEIDIOL. 0 Iorwerth! mae feuaid yn caru r blodeuyn A welais I ddoc fel rhyw emawg belydryn, Yn gwenu yn fwyn mewn tcw wrych o ddrain pigog, Yn ngardd fach fy mam yn ci wynder dihalog; Pan welwvf y blodau mae i'?..id yn dig)*. I'w monwes yn amf xr ddwyfron y dvnryn; Ac 0! fel y carwn gael nefoedd y blo gtiu, A -g.. o'u nhodd fy ieucngaidd g..i.d.. IORWP.KTJ[. Taw Rheidiol! gwel draw, tu draw i'r peU gaerau, Sefcacrau yr haul, y dysglei rw?'ch ororau; i:ee:dd rn hu':hIllr;:dlCyho;: ngelion, A'i gwyneb yn dewfrith o flodau golculon Pob blodyn ei fywyd pereiddiaf a sugna 0 flrydlit borphoraida wrth odrau alf.,i.. 0 Hheidiol! dot vno am flodau anfarwol, 0 honynt y sugni .wyn &wen aufeidrol RHEIDIOL. Ar ganghen y prcn M lie aderyn yn canu, A lili fach wen 0 tano yn gwenu! Ei sciniau o'i big A leddfa fy nghalon; Ac 0! mac y wig Fel rhyw wynfa hyfrydlon! IORWERTH. Draw yn Mharadwys mae adar yn canu, 0 Rheidiol! dos yno i gly wed molianu Mae rhes o ganghenau yn tyfu yn hyfryd, Ar foneyff anfarwol ireiddbren y bywyd, A miloedd o adar y nefoedd ar uuwaith, Yn plethu eu cerddi pereiddsain yn berffaith, A'r ffrydiau o danynt fel arian toddedig, Yo araf ymlifo dros dywod euredig! CTOQEBDD Y BEIRDD. 0 Wynfa! mae son am dy ddwytol ragonon, Yn falm i'n heneidiau er gwelia'n go dion; Mae'r dw.,? 7. fvywo, gan dynu i'w therf?ut Ac ar ei Uwch oW$Tth un blodeuyn Ond dmw o dae belydr aul C?dawader Mae bywyd anfarwol yn ngrym e ddUgleirder— Pob bl yu a ?hw.dd dan n d hwt ddol, Ani a gyd/olwn 8Iewn hwy"u cidro lO?WtMtt OL?N AMD, a RHIWIOL 0 F6N. Y Rhyl at lan P heU Yw Athen ii I;wn i. MWI 22.W, 1&50.

I SUGGESTIONS FOR MAKING NATIONAL SCHOOLS NURSERIES FOR DOMESTIC SERVANTS. Wc copy the following admirable letter from the monthly paper of the National Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor I To the Editor. September 17th, 1850. Sir,- There are few questions connected with the education of the children of the poor which excite more interest or have ?;,?gg,??tcl more schemes to meet and remove' its acknowledged difficulty, than that of provid- ing for their instruction in those household or industrial occupations by which their future independence is to be secured. It is objected, and not wholly without reason, to National Schools, that while we teach these children to read, and write, and cipher, and use their needles well, to understand their Bibles, and to know something of tha history and government of their country, we leave them wholly untaught in the application of their know ledge to the actual work and business of life. Some of their little books of secular instruction may, indeed, have given to the few who read diligently and remember well some accurate notions of what they will be called upon to do in their after years. But this is theory, not practice. As to the best mode of doing it, as to any encouragement for doing it well, or any reasons being pointed oot why it is done badly, they have nearly as much to learn when they leave the school at fourteen, as when they entered it at five or six years old. The boy whom his parents destine hereafter for a page or a foot- man, and the girl who hopes to get into service as a cook or a nurserymaid or a housemaid, has learnt absolutely nothing; for they very rarely acquire, in their own crowded homes, the training necessary to qualify them for such employments. And thus they find it exceedingly difficult, however exemplary may have been their moral conduct or their behaviour at the school, to meet with situations when the proper age for seeking them arrives. Or if they do gain them, mutual dissatisfaction and dis- appointment on the part of their employers and them- selves are commonly the results. Respectable families decline to engage them as servants; and thus they are compelled to live in those of a lower grade, with the inferior tradesman, in the beer-shop or the public-house, where, being expected by the very terms of their engage- ment to do all work," they cannot learn to do any work well. Frequent changes of place, sudden dismis- sals, trials of temper, vexations caused to parents, loss of character,—these form in succession the melancholy chapters of their history, until an early improvident mar- riage or a profligate connexion excludes thein from the class of domestic servants for eve: Who is there, in any way familiar with the difficulties of the poor, that could not from his own knowledge ad- duce a multitude of cases to confirm the truth of this sad and disheartening statement 1 And who call doubt that this is one of the greatest hindrances that present them- selves to the due appreciation of that large amount of good which the schools are still effecting, through eoil report and good report, in the character and habits of the population t The truth is, that many prejudiced per- sons, and many more of hasty judgment, who merely adopt without inquiry the prejudices of others, charge these cases upon the system of our schools, which, with- out some better appliances than have yet been devised, they are wholly powerless to prevent; and the complaint is too often urged equally by the friends who support, and by the objectors who depreciate them. It will readily be admitted that in many places exer- tions have been made by zealous and enlightened in(livi- duals to meet this deficiency in our educational schemes. Tailors and shoemakers have been engaged to instruct the boys, and garden allotments have been provided for them; while a few of the elder girls, by being selected in turn to attend in the houses occupied by the master and mistress, may have gained some little insight, under their direction, into the details of household work. In other places, where e1:pense was no object to the bene- volent promoter of the scheme, actual establishments have been formed for training feinaleservants by removing them altogether from their parents' houses, and subjecting them to a course of systematic teaching in every kind of household work. It would be an invidious office to point out the failure, and the obvious causes of that failure, which, it may be proved, will be found in a great majority of instances to have attended such plans as these. Suffice it to say, that, while the adoption of them proves abundantly the existence of the evil here supposed to exist, there are many districts which, from having become the most popu- lous, are the most important, where they are either inap plicable, or must be from their contracted scale incom- mensurate to the object which it is desirable to realise, And whatever may be attempted, or even achieved by affluent individuals in a few favoured localities, any en- deavour to engraft generally such boarding establish- ments upon the schools must fail from the want of re- sources, which too often are scarcely adequate already to the support of the schools themselves. And yet, unquestionably, the outcry of the country from one end of it to the other is for good domestic ser- vants. The demand for tailors, shoemakers, and garden- ers, must be comparatively limited; whereas that for servants of either sex, well trained and competent to their work, is not only incessant, but, in the present state and requirements of our English society, may fairly be called unlimited. Or if ever the home market should become overstocked by too large a supply of these valu- able mem bers of the body politic, there still remains the almost inexhaustible demand for them among our emi- grants in the colonies. Nor is this all. There is no better way of conciliating the goodwill and confidence of a right-minded parent to- wards the school which he entrusts with the education of his children, than by convincing him that you not only desire to impart to them elementary knowledge, but also to qualify them for such engagements as it is the highest object, perhaps, of his ambition that they should fulfil well. I now proceed to detail the outlines of a plan which is designed to meet this object, which has at least the benefit of some experience in its favour, and which might be in- troduced in most parishes, but, of course, with best ad- vantage in those where there is a large mixed population of the gentry and the middle classes. It may he assumed 1st, That in families of this class, while it may not suit their views to have a permanent man-servant, there is some work always to be done which a boy, during a few hours of the day, soon learns how to perform, such as cleaning shoes, knives, glass, and even plate, going on errands, &c. 2ndly, That in most house- holds there is one day in every week, the last day, upon which, in due preparation for the Sabbath, tlieie is rather more of female employment than on the rest, when the services of a ready active girl, therefore, may be not on'y useful but acceptable. And 3rdly, That Saturday is a day on which the schools are not open a rule which, where it does not prevail, may well be recommended for universal adoption, were it only to secure to the teachers, who are fully occupied in general with their attendance on the Sunday Schools, one day in the week as their own. It is upon these three suppositions that the plan is founded. Let there be a constant and respectful communication kept up with the heads of such families as are here pointed out by the master and mistress of the school, or, which is far more desirable, by the incumbent or his curate. Let there be a continual succession of the elder boys, whose good conduct awl regular attendance may entitle them to the distinction, sent during the last year or two of their attendance in the school, oil every morning before it opens, and, again, if their serviecs arc required in the afternoon, when it has closed, to make themselves useful in these houses,—a regtdar account being kept of their engage- ments, and of the manner in which they fulfil them. A shilling or eighteen pence weekly, with a breakfast in the morning, would be thankfully received by the parent and the boy alike, as the remuneration for such attendance. The careful, handy ways, the civil manners, the conformi- ties to rule and order and cleanliness, which a tractable lad of thirteen or fourteen, in a well-regulated family, might acquire, and generally does acquire, especially where there is a kind and considerate master or mistress to encourage and keep an eye upon him, would go far to fit him, before he leaves the school, for a more prominent and responsible place. With regard to the girls, let a similar band of them, selected on the same grounds, he sent, not on the other days of the week, but during the whole of the Saturday, to such families as may be willing to admit them, and where it may be ascertained beforehand, from the charac- ter of the servants under whom they will be placed, that a kindly interest will be felt in their welfare and progress. The girl is satisfied with her meals as a remuneration, and expects nothing beyond while the parents are all thankful to send her as she is to go. Here it is that during the twelve hours of the day (for she remains from seven in the morning till seven in the evening) she sees and learns most of the elementary duties of household service. Here the needlework of which she has gained a knowledge at the school is brought into exercise, when she may not be wanted in other ways. And here, after a year or two, if her good conduct keeps pace with her op- portunities, she has often made such an impression in her favour, that she gains a recommendation to some place where she may begin life independently for herself, and to which she brings almost the testimonial of "B character." It may be added, that so popular and acceptable has this scheme proved, even among the servants to whom the first training of these girls devolves, that nothing is more common in those houses where it has been introduced, and where they have been found useful, than to have an application soon made by them to their mistress, when- ever a vacancy has arisen, for another 11 Saturday girl." 1 would now merely attempt, in conclusion, to enume- rate very briefly the advantages resulting from the scheme thus brought under the notice of your readers, which, if it could be generally tried, would have the effect of at- taching to every large National School from twenty to thirty regular apprentices in the art and craft of domestic servants. It would not only afford a practical refutation of the reproach, that education unfits the children of the poor for service, but it would tend to show thatitgives them the best possible qualifications for it. Let the Christian principles, and the corrected tempers, and the improved habits which the child may have derived, under the Divine blessing, from its school, be brought into active cxercise in the real duties and difficulties of life and then the school will have fulfilled the charge assigned to it, of fit- ting its pupils for the station in which the providence of God has placed them. The advantages resulting from the scheme are these :— 1. It is self-iupporthig. It creates no new charge upon the funds of the school, and scarcely any upon the re- sources of its friends. 2. It operates as a new incentive to diligence and good conduct among the whole body of the chiUlren,in addition to any which may have been ad pted before. 3. It leads directly to their being kept in the school to a later age than that at which their parents too often re- move them. 4. It propitiates the parents, by giving them a direct in- terest in conforming to the 6ystem of the school, by show- ing them how essentially it conduces to their childi-cu's welfare in after life. 5. It promotes a favorable estimate of the school among an intelligent and influential class of the parishioners, by giving them an actual insight into the good which it effects upon the characters of the children whom they kindly receive into their houses while it encourages among them a friendly interest about these children them- selves and their parents, who would otherwise have re- mained probablv unknown to them.—I am, &c., A SUBURBAN INCUMIIENT.

THE CHURCH AND EDUCATION IN WALES. As we were among those journalists who took all active part in successfully opposing the sacrilegious scheme for the demolition of one of the ancient Bishoprics of North Wales and have always maintained the import-nit ad- vantage of administering in certain districts of Wales the offices of religion in the native language of the Princi- palit we have rea d with much satisfaction in the new RbJr of tv:y;te; a. ts:rc:: ;1' Church and Education in Wales," which, whatever difference of opinion may be excited by the incidental suggestions of the writer, cannot fail of exercising a most salutary influence on the public mind. It opens with the following picture :— "Whethcr we enter the Principality through Shrews- bury, by the old road leading to the masterpiece of Telford's art, or touch either extremity by railway, we find signs of division and estrangement among the I one-tongued Cymr,)" as groat as if they had just been scattered from Babel. Such is the position of the Church amid conflict- ing agencies, that we have heard clergymen compare themselves, with no very extravagant hyperbole, to mis- sionaries in a strange laud. In the towns indeed, and generally in the more educated districts, good congrega- tions may be found and even in remote parishes eminent ability and untiring zeal occasionally reap their merited harvest. Nor has a certain feeling of hereditary respect altogether died away, but manifests itself in some places by receiving the eucharist in church on the greater fes- tivals, and, in most, by taking advantage of the occasionlll or domestic services while in its faintest form perhaps it lingers in the habit of resorting eagerly to a consecration, and to the Plygatn, or carol-singing before daybreak, on Christmas-day. Such interest as the Church retains is most beneficially exercised but it is on the whole, of a personal or social, rother than of a religious kind. In the diocese of St, Asaph perhaps the picture is least discour- aging. The material fabric and outward machinery of the Church in this see and that of Bangor have improved of late, and are improving. Each is of a manageable size and in both Churches have been repaired, schools and parsonages built, new districts created. In St. Asaph the average value of benefices reaches .£271, and in Bangor £ 252,—a sum which, though not excessive, falls not very far short of the English average, and which, when its results are compared with those of smaller incomes else- where, cannot be alleged to damage the theory of endow- ments. The clergy have certainly advanced since the last generation both in refinement and social standing, not only far beyond the caricature ofsuch writers as M r. Macau- lay, but beyond the realityofformer times; though whether their hold on men's minds has strengthened in proportion may be a question. The necessity of dealing with two languages is no trivial embarrassment. Perhaps also a repugnance to breadth of phylactery, and that dread of cant which knowledge of the world is apt to engender in the most pious minds, may prevent them from putting forward religious motives with all that directiwt which seems requisite to vindicate for such motives an energetic influence over the multitude." «**•*♦ If we traversed the wild region of Lleyn, until we stood on the promontory from which the bodies of the dead were formerly descried while ferried over from Mer- ionethshire to the sacred soil of Bardsey, we might hear from the Vicars of Nevin and Llannor accounts of general viciousness or ignorance in a strain as lamentable as that of Gildas j far more so, indeed, than our own acquaint- ance with this rugged but interesting coast would have led us to expect. At Aberdaron, where old women with kerchiefed heads, and a general air of wildness, remind m4, strangely of a village in the Appenines, a new church haii been built, and it is as antiquarians rather than as church. men wc regret the old one there is a melancholy sort of parable in the crumbling of its fine Norman arches, and in the unresisted advance of the sea which yearly threatens to encroach upon the tombs. At Bardsey, the holy isle in the flood, the only religious instruction now given depends upon the adventurous barque of some stray Methodist; and at Clynnog the local funds scarcely suffice to keep from ruin one of the few very striking specimens of archi- tecture in the Principality. To Carnarvon, where he who visits the castle • by the fayre moonlight' will often have his steps arrested by the loud tones of oratory from some vehement preacher, is allowed by the Commissioners the rare praise of one good school; and the whole isle of Anglesey is complimented upon the possession of two. In the latter country the consolidation either of parishes or chapelries has effected what a century and a half ago was considered an improvement; and if a clergyman is per- sonally respected, he prevails on the poor or more tolerant of his dissenting flock to pay him the compliment of visiting his church j but the shadow of John Elias and Christmas Evans broods heavy on the land; no part of Wales is more thoroughly taken possession of by a see- trian establishment, and in very few do we find such strong allegations made (though we have reason to think them in some measure exaggerations) of prevalent immo- rality (Rep. III., p. 68). Few, probably, of our readers have not at some time travcrse,1 the picturesque and varied scenery which groups its deep valleys about Snowdon, and extends across the Berivyti, that mountain breastplate which nature reared before the old freedom of Gwynedd, into the softer undulations of Montgomery. We need scarcely remind them of the apparent state of religion. Neither Harlech, with its mouldering walls, nor Dolba- darn's lonely tower by the lake, strike ui more forcibly as irr.ages of decay, than churches evidently neglected, desolate, open in vain. As the stranger turns from the primitive shrine where out of the few attendants fewer seem interested in the service, and meets the living tide of people Hocking to the oracles of a system which too evidently fails of altogether attaining the proper ends of Christianity, he can scarcely refrain from the cry, at once plaintive and stern, of the Hebrew prophet, 1 How long, o Lord, how long These graphic and painfully interesting descriptions are continued with reference to other parts of the country; and the writer proceeds with an ample digest of the Reports of the Educational Commissioners as to the state of secular and religious learning among the poorer classes of the Principality. "Such a defective condition of schools is no uncertain criterion of the state of the Church of England. For, though she has not always been the loudest in her pro- fessions of regard for education, she has shown by the grammar-schools which her genius called into life at the Reformation, and by her most characteristic societies in later times, how necessarily her system presupposes a certain moral and intellectual training, in the absence of which her services lose half their meaning, and her instructions almost all their force. But it is her weak- ness, or, in other words, it is religious division which contributes as largely as any single cause to render educa- tion in the Principality defective. Whether two itisuffi- csent schools require to be united, or whether the aid of Government is solicited, some unhappy jealousy inter- poses an obstacle. As oil many a range of hills the line of corresponding fortresses may still be traced, which show how obstinately the land was debated of old, sO in the valleys along their base the modern array of chapels attests a warfare almost as unrelenting. 1 If a day school was to be under clerical control,' said a person in Pem- brokeahire-ivho at the Bame time talked much of the want of schools, and said that the poor severely felt it- no children would attend.' In the meantime a more generation is growing up in dangerous hosti. lity, or till more fatal indifference. It is incidentally mentioned, as a matter of congratula. tion, that the present generation of clergy is labouring to atone for the shortcomings of its predect-om that in twenty years the number of cliildren receiving education from the Church in Wales has increased from 17,000 to 03,000 j and that during the last two years, remedies have been partially provided for those evils which Churchmen have so long had occasion to deplore. The theory by which gome fanciful writers resolve religious error into some necessity of temperament or distinction of race, is then discussed with great ability and becoming modera- tion and this ethnological and philological dissertation leads the writer to the inference, that the isolated or pee culiar character which has been assigned to the Welsh genius and tongue, is a mere fiction of persons unaccus- tomed to comparision of nations and languages on an extended scale. The reader whose assent has accompanied us thus far will be not unprepared to allow that the popularity (we had almost said the domination) of various forms of dis- sent in Wales, is a phenomenon easy of explanation. It is a natural stage for people in whom, after some neglect, the religious sense has been vehemently stirred, but ill- informed, and partially vitiated. With the single excep- tion of language, which is rather an aggravation than a cause, there is no difference between its origin and that of the hereditary Antinomianisrn of the cast of England. We could point out several parishes ii Essex, Suffolk, and the Fens, as well as in our larger towns, where either the iuadequate means of the Church, or the laxity of her discipline as to residence, &c., have produced very similar | results. In our more favoured districts, Methodism, after its first outbreak, was chiefly experienced by the Church as a healthful shock. Her liberal endowments, with the enlightened zeal of her clergy, and the extension of her or- ganisation by recent reforms, have there enabled her to reclaim some portion of the flock estranged from her f,)Id —while she has partly incorporated in her own sy?item the elocitience and the glow, the more healthful among the influences by which she had been assailed. But in Wales sh? had feiver resources to fall back upon, and was stricken with a disease whirh almost paralysed the very elements of healing. She lost not only her congregations, but, as it,, were, the quarries out of which she was to hew the instruments to reclaim them. For, though numerous clergymen might be named, in all parts of the Principality, to whom the most jealous criticism could not deny the possession of admirable qualifications, there is no such IfUpplyas to meet adequately the exigencies of the poorer parishes, still less of the new districts which every year'. stride of an advancing population requires to be c,'eated.¡1 Wh?nce indeed could such a supply be expected 1 Among the elder gentry the notion of the middle ages, that the army is the only profession for a gentleman, is not quite extinct. The .maller proprietors have generally merged in larger, or been swept away by the same social causes which have affected England. The moneyed class, which so often brings wealth into the Church, receiving in turn the privilege of higher caste, is comparatively limited- while the sons of the yoemanry and tradesmen, who aspire to become instructors of their generation, are in some cases tinged with sectarian prepor essions, and in others require an education difficult to procure, before the Church can be well justified in committing her flock to their guidance. That infusion of fresh blood,' which it is sometimes supposed would be a panacea, has been tried for ssvoi-ol generations without at least removing the evil —whic&i: on flie other hand, it is by many persons rcpre- senjtod as having contributed to produce for it has sown somkhi* like jealousy among those who should have beon of She mind, and has given the less scrupulous op- ponents of the Church, all excuse for representing her as estrdh, as an institution alien to the feeling as to the lan- guage of the people. In short, the one capital and para- mount ngpt is a want of Mell, Here is the hinge on wfci<;h everything must turn. Whatever may be said of the want of lIeat school-houses and outbuildings, with all the aratus of instruction, obstacles of such a nature become to the zealous and determined ivill only occasions of triumph. A piece of chalk or raddle will create an atlas, and a coach-house or cottage is a better school-room than none. Kembrant painted in a smithy, and Pascal traced his Euclid with chalk. Not that we disparage in their kind the organized methods which enable even mediocrity to obtain a general average of good but such mechanical aids are as dust in the balance compared to the inspiring genius of an intelligent clergyman." The same difficulty is felt as to School-masters. With reference to this ditheulty, the author recites some success- ful instances of the pursuit of learning, under most dis- couraging circumstances, by men who thereby rose into great eminence among their fellow-countrymen of Wales; aii4 jbi anecdote of the mannor in which the dormant genius of a self-taught cobbler was stimulated into activity by a prize at an Eisteddfod, gives an opportunity for a few wordarin favour of that ancient institution. The grave statements which have been made by the Education Commissioners rEspecting the abuse and the peculation of fui*d £ originally devoted to the mainte- nance 01 free schools in Wales, are fully set forth, with suita&!$'oomments and animadversions which, we trust, may have the effect of giving an additional impulse to the workof restitution. There are, we suspect, faces in exlltel,, which if not lost to all sense of shame, will glow" somewhat hotly over this narrative of abuse and neglecti The most available and effective mode of im- proving and extending the educational institutions of Wales, from Colleges for the supply of clergy down to the humble schools for the mechanic and the husbandman, is caiisidered in a comprehensive and discriminating spirit; and the source whence partial aid may be obtained are intimated. Nicans for extending the influence of the Church over the affections of the people are suggested; and much stress is laid upon the desirableness of restoring those incentives to devotion, by the neglect of which the services have been rendered colder and less attractive than contemplated by the pious Reformers, who prepared our noble formulary of public worship. No estimate of the state of the Church in the Princi- pality would be complete which did not take into account the effect produced by the prevalence of Welsh, or, more properly, by ignorance of the English language. A very considerable difficulty is thus presented to the clergy, while the number of persons qualified to enter their ranks is ptoportioji8.bly narrowed. It is not only neces- sary to compose sermons In two languages sufficiently unlike; but it is scarcely possible in a single Church to provide a sufficient number of services for two distinct congregations. Even persons who seldom trouble a Church with their presence, feel a pious satisfaction in requiring that the service should be performed in the language which they prefer, and have an ostensible grievance if the contrary should be the practice. Formerly it was perhaps too much the custom to consider mainly the wealthy minority, who preferred English; but at present, as from the native intelligence of the two parties equity seems to require, the balance is rather in favour of the other side. In the courts of justice a similar incon- venience is experienced the law and its expositors speak, only in an unknown tongue. At Dolgelley, one in six is said to be the average proportion of jurors who under- stand English; and in a thousand matters of daily life some avenues to knowledge are closed against the poorer classes, and some injury to their social prospects caused, by their want of acquaintance with the language of their superiors. It is natural that attention should be daily more directed to the imperfections which such a state of things involves; and we are not surprised that something like a crusade against the use of the Welsh language should be occasionally instituted, and asserted to be a mark of superior intelligence. We doubt, however, if more zeal than discretion is not often developed in the canse j and if the allegations of its supporters are not sometimes more unreasonable than anything which they assail. Ti??y seem neither to make allowance for such means of information as exist in Welsh, nor for the manifold roots by which a language retains its hold oil its native «oil." In North Wales, the proportion of persons whose fireside language is Welsh is estimated at 313,740, or about four-fifths of the population while in the three counties of South Wales for which we have complete tables before us including some English districts, it does not fall short oftwo-thirds. It would therefore be no exaggeration to say that Welsh is spoken by more persons now than in the days of Edward I.; and although when tried by the truer test of area, its limits appear to be gradually re- ceding, the rate of recession is remarkabl y slow, In a few district$ of Pembrokeshire, and on the English border, it Is believed to have advanced, or encroached somewhat on the English. Some authorities explain this tenacity of life by reference to certain prophecies of Taliesin, while other* make It a subject of complaint against the defeat of EogUsb teaching in parochial schools. The two solutions are perhaps equally rational, with only the differepee that, while the first is an innocent fancy, the second-leads to evils of a practical kind. For it is a mattet of daily experience that, however excellent may be the ichooling enjoyed for a year or two of his life by the pfront'" child, it forms but a small part of the influ- ences jjfbich determine his habits of thoughts and tpetch. He rdIIJ OM any language he has been taught at school when required by the exigencies of trade or service; but his thoughts will be cast in the mould of that which he has heard from his mother, and which awaits him among his fellows or at the domestic fireside. Nor is the influence of popular preaching, and of such a literature as appears to have sprung out of the religious activity of the last century, to be overlooked among the agencies which per- petuate a language. If the Welsh tongue had been in the coarse of nature on the point of dying out, it would have keen extinguished by the discouragements with which it has been visited but having once had vitality enough to engender a popular system of teaching, it will in turfl find refuge in this, as in a fastness not easy to be stormed. Roads, railways, mines, and the general in- fluences of trade and social intercourse, will sooner or later carry out what we may presume to be the ends of Providence in shattering any barrier which may unneces- earily'4iftervene between two sections of a country but mere parish-schools contribute but little to such a result —nay they almost appear to retard it by injudicious inter- ference. The practical effect of the strong English pre- judice which seems cherished alike by the peasantry and by most promoters of schools against any use of the Welsh language as a medium of teahing, is simply to make the imtructiOD less useful. „ « • « « It has always appeared to us a most remarkable in. stance of unreasoning prejudice that the habit of teaching children in » language they do not familiarly understand, should not only exiati but should be held up as an en. lightened method. Even if the intellect is not stupified by such a course, the brief and precious opportunity for awakening and disciplining it is at least partially thrown away; and the sole object for which this costly sacrifice of no less than the human reason was made, is not even attained b) any material progress in the philological crusade. We must beg to be most distinctly understood, that our remarks are confined to the inexpedi- ency of neglecting a language which exists, in teaching children by whom it is spoken whether its existence is desirable, is a question which may be about as profitably argued as the colour of which our children shall be born, or the height to which they shall be directed to grow. Language may be effected by systems, and so may breed- ing; but both depend upon causes of which the origin lies deeper, and the operation is more extended, than the blue books always suspect. There is indeed reason to doubt, whether in themselves a language and a nationality are to be thrown away so lightly as the sterner Bentham- ites would recommend; but no sentimental or romantic considerations need here disturb our vision if the ques- tion were whether the literature of Wales should be che- rished, it might be referred to Welsh literati, whose verdict might not be altogether unimpassioned; but to inquire whether children shall be first taught familiarly in the language of their fireside, is to seek whether their education shall be a reality or form. It may safely be laid down that the capital requisite of primary instruction in Wales at the present time is a good system of bilingual teaching; a system in which general knowledge (communicated in a system in which the fireside language) shall hold the first and most impor- tant place, while the more advanced mind may gradually be invited to fresh fields and pastures new. The great outlines necessary in such a system are very satisfactorily shown by the mode of teaching English pursued in the common schools of Germany. Some interesting classic-— we have generally found it the Vicar of Wakefield-is printed in a cheap form, with the pronunciation and accent distinctly marked. This is construed by the class during a certain portion of the day, and the grammatical idiom explained by the master. The pupils, in whom intelli- gence and a habit of thinking have been previously deve- loped by instruction in their own language, seize with avidity on the fresh subject thus presented and the new language is associated with pleasurable ideas, instead of being painfully dunned into unprepared ears by a mecha- nical routine. Who drinks the well of knowledgo, thirsts again.' We beg leave, in conclusion, to state our deep and anxious conviction that it depends, under Heaven, upon men now alive, whether in a century, or even ICBs, the Church Catholic in the Principality shall exist as a living teacher, or whether politicians shall be wrangling over the carcase of her revenues. How sail the latter result would be to every Christian milhl, how full of danger and contagion to the Church in England, and how fatal to the social welfare of the Principality itself-how Wales might, like Ireland, dash itself in fretting agiin«t the rock on whoever stumbles is broken-we need not explain at large, For the sake of that very interesting country and the fragments of a noble race which still retain it as their inheritance, we would deprecate alike any negligence, and any bitterness, which might precipitate such an evil.,

LOlln STANLKY ON EDUCATION.—On the laying of the foundation stone of the Athcnaum at Bury, Lord Stanley said, The days arc gone by when sciencc and literature were the luxury of the privileged few, they have become in these days a necessary for the many and not a luxury of the few. It is not the affluent classes and the independent alone, who pursue the paths, the tastes, the enjoyments of literature and science: but also the manufacturer and the iiiereliant-tliose who have still their way to make in the world, who have still their worldly fortune to reatise-aye, and far more, the me- chanic, the artisan, the man dependent for his dai'y bread upon his daily labour-feels that thirst for know- ledge which is the surest means of obtaining, as it is the strongest means for leading to, intellectual improvement and mental cultivation. (Hear, hear.) If there were no other benefit derived from this universal desire for knowledge than it tends to counteract the otherwise con- tracting and narrowing influence of all absorbing pursuits, but more especially of those puruits which depend upon the constant endeavour to acquire money, and to obtain wordly advantage, which, after all, must be the main- spring of all commercial enterprise, I say, with regard to bo mechanic and artisan, if the pursuit of knowledge did nothing more than substitute the charms of literature and science for the degrading pursuit of sensual indulgence and brutal intoxication, if it leads the humbler classes away from mere sensual indulgence to the cultivation of the intellect, and to the improvement of the mind, there is an important and signal benefit derived from the uni- versal spread and thirst for knowledge in the present day. (Cheers.) All classes alike feel that the pursuit of know- ledge is, to use the words of the poet- Not harsh and crabbed, as dull fools suppose, But musical as is Apollo's lute; And a perpetual feast of nectar's sweet, Where no crude surfeit reigns. I say" no crude suifeit reigns," because the thirst for knowledge, like some oth;r less innocent desires, in- creases the more it is indulged and. to use the words of another poet- The increase of appetite doth grow By-what it feeds upon. But, gentlemen, there are other and higher advantages; the study of science and literature sharpens the intellect, enlarges the faculty of the mind, gives amore just appre- ciation of the movements both of the natural, the visible, and the immaterial world, by which we are surrounded, and enables all men to feel more forcibly and powerfully the wonders of creation, and the wisdom and intelligence which has produced them. (Hear, hear.) Lastly, gen- demen, there is one great and prominent advantage in institutions such as I trust this will be whose foundation we are this day celebrating. It brings together in one rational, one laudable pursuit, classes of society who, but for institutions of this kind, would see little of, and feel little for, each other, and have little feeling in connexion. It brings together classes of men whose pursuits in life are widely different, whose occupations are widely distinct, whose sphere of action is wholly separate, and impresses upon them practically the conviction that from the high- est to the lowest we are all rationally, intellectually, re- sponsible beings; all endowed with higher faculties than those that tend to the mere attainment of earthly good, or the mere acquisition and support of bodily comfort; it leads us to feel, moreover, that we are members of one common family, the great human family, bound together in one great communion and fellowship." DEHn OF MISS BIFFIN.—On Wednesday last, Miss Sarah Biffin, the celebrated miniature painter, who was born without hands or arms, died at her lodgings in Duke- street, in this town, at the age of sixty-six. The de- ceased was born at East Quautoxhead, near Bridgewater, Somerset, in the year 1784. She manifested, in early life, the talent for drawing and painting, which she after- wards cultivated to so extraordinay an extent; and she was initiated in the first rudimeuts of the art by a Mr. Dukes, to whom she bound herself, by a written agree- ment, to give the whole of her time and exertions, and for that purpose to remain for a term of years in his house. Some time after this engagement had been contracted, the late Earl of Morton became acquainted with, and so much interested to Miss Biffin, that lie caused her to be further instructed by Mr. Craig, a gentleman of great ominence in his profession as a miniature painter. Under his skilful tuition, she attained to an alnic, t miraculous degree of perfection so much so, indeed, that in the year IS21 the OJ Society of Arts and Commerce Pro- moted," for one of her pictures, presented her with a prize medal, through their president, his Royal Highness the late Duke of Sussex. The Earl of Morton also made liberal otters, but unavailing, to Mr. Dukes, to induce him to relinquish his claims upon Miss Biffiti and although she was assured by professional gentlemen that the agreement was not legally binding, she refused to avail herself of the circumstance, and she remained with Mr. Dukes for nearly sixteen years. During the whole of this time she resided with lIIr, and Mrs. Dukes, as one of their family, and was treated by them with uniform kind- DoeSS; but it will scarcely be believed, although 6uch is undoubtedly the fact, that, in compensation for this ex- clusive sacrifice of the best part of her life, Miss Biffin, at no time, received from Mr. Dukes, in money, more than five poundt per annum. Miss Biffin was patronized by their late Majesties George the Third, George the Fourth, William the Fourth by the Queen Dowager by her pre- sent -Majesty, by Prince Albert, and by a host of the nobility, and other distinguished persons. For many years she supported herself by miniature painting but after the death of her noble benefactor and ever kind friend, the Earl of Morton, there was no one, like him, ready to assist her in obtaining orders for pictures, or in disposing of such as she was enabled to complete when not otherwise employed and as age grew upon her she became much reduced in circumstances. A few years ago she came to Liverpool, where she made an ineffectual attempt to support herself by her own exertions. Our benevolent townsman, Mr. Richard Rathbone, took a great interest in her welfare, and it was principally by his exertions that a short time ago a small annuity was purchased for her by subieriptioii.-Liverpool.Vircury. (iood FORTUNE. Another instance of the caprice of "the blind Goddess," who, in the revolutions of her wheel, often pours her bounties into unexpeeting hands, has just occurred in this city. A gentleman, we under- stand, while canvassing at the late election for the Hon. Edward Stanley, was called in by an eccentric individual, who wished him to purchase the interest he had in some freehold property, by allowing him an annuity for his life. The gentleman entered into his views, and agreed to allow him the sum of one guinea per week as long as he lived. Before the expiration of the second week, the gen- tleman was again sent for to make the will of the annui- tant, wherein he made him sole devisee and executor.— The next day, the old man died. But now comes the most marvellous part of the story. A foreign letter had been received by the annuitant, a day or two previous to his death. This subsequently proved to be the will of the old man's brother, who died abroad, written in Spanish, leaving all his property to his brother, the annui- tant. The executor, therefore, by this dispensation finds himself unexpectedly put in possession of property amount- ing to thousands of pounds, in addition to an extensive collection of books and paintings of great value.-ChttUr Courant.

GENERAL SUMMARY The Court was expeeted to return from Balmoral to Osborne yesterday. It is calculated that at least E3,000,1100 is expended annually in the metropolis in omnibus fares. The estimated population of London is 2,21;6,1175, namely, 1,032,630 males, and 1,173,445 females, In 1849 there were 72,662 births, and 61,432 deaths. Australia is 2000 miles from north to tiolith, and 2-500 from east to west. It contains 3,000,0 II) square miles, 1,920,000 square acres, and a seaboard ot SIIÙO miles. Mr Wigram was on Friday elected parliamentary re- presentative for Cambridge University without oppo- sition. The captain and the mate of the Superb, wrecked steamer, are ch irged by the coroner's jury on the body of the drowned passengers, with culpable imprudence. Mr. Hudson's star is again in the ascendant. It is rumoured that one company has solicited his return, and that others are disposed to do so, It is said that M. de Presigny is about to form a ma- trimonial connection with the sister of the Prince of Canino, the cousin of the French President. The marriage of the Emperor of Austria with the Princess Sophia of Saxe, is positively arranged to take place immediately. Humility is the best evidence of real religion, as arro- gance, self-conceit, and pretension, are the infallible criteria of a pharasaical devotion. Hunger-that which gives the poor man his health and his appetite, and the want of which otten afflicts the rich with satiety and disease. -Al,id,itne Poiteven has announced her intention of making a ballon ascent in the character of Europa mounted ou a bu It. The death of lr, William Lowe, of Cuddington mills, occurred on Thursday afternoon, and was caused by his clothes catching in the machinery of the mLi, by which he was drawn, and so terribly mangled. .N either the revenuo nor the board of trade returns wiil be so favourable this quarter; but the government are bolstering them up, and the free trade journals are endeavouring to put the best face on the matter. The Bishop of London returned to town on Saturday, after a lengthened continental tour undertaken for the purpose ot recruiting his health, which has, of late, been alarmingly injured. The Evangelical Alliance terminated its conference in Liverpool on Thursday evening. It is proposed to hold an assembly in London next year, probably during the time of the Exhibition, of Christians of all Nations. The dreadful murder at Frimley has been followsd by an extensive robbery of jewellery, &e., at the town of Wokingham, which is situuted about midway be- tween Reading and Frimley. At a debiting meeting in Indiana, one of the speakers made the following practical comparison A smoky chimney is no more to be compared to a scolding wife than a little nigger to a dark r.ight." A French paper, says that the minister of agriculture, while recently visiting the coal mines of the Anzin com- pany, at Denain, discovered a rough diamond fixed in a stone which had been extracted from the coal. An American has patented a rat-trap, into which rats are enticed partly by a bait an,l partly by a mirror, in which the rat, seeing his own image, goes forward to meet good company, and, being thus lured on the turn- ing-table, is precipitated into the cage. The Queen has been pleased to present the Reverend Francis Fisher to the Vicarage of Helmerton, alias Iiilmcrton, in the county of Wilis, and dioccse of Salis- but y, void by the resignation of the Reverend David James Stewart, M.A. A Genoa journal exposes the sham miracle of the winking Virgin of Rimini, and publishes a diagram showing the manner in which, by puliing certain wires, a priest concealed in the drapery produces the pretended miraculous effect. The steam, ship Giraffe, arrived from Tonningen, has brought 199 head of oxen and cows, and 34 sheep and the steam-ship Wilberforce, arrived on the same day from Tonningen, brought 192 head of oxen and cows, and 13 sheep, the produce of Denmark. Have nothing to do with those good-natured friends who make a practice of letting you know all the evil which they may hear spoken about you. Those people take especial care to let you hear nothing of the good, if there is any going. The Hibernian Cunard steamer, which will shortly arrive here, has been sold to the Spanish Government, and will return from Cadiz to Cuba jointly with the Caledonia. The Africa is now completed, and will sail for her first transatlantic voyage on the 26th current. On Friday evening at Gravesend, Mr, John Ren Gatley, formerly a surgeon, but lately a spur manufac- turer at 161, Piccadilly, was found dead in bed, having bled to death from a wound inflicted by himself in the right groin. Lord Palmerston has remonstrated with the Portu- guese Goveinmeut against the imposition of higher duties on part wine exported to England than on that exported to other countries, and declares it is a viola- tion of existing treaties. The total number of municipal electors in England is 206,474 and in Wales, 7,178. Leeds stands highest on the list, having on the burgess-roll 13,488 electors Manchester next, with 11,123; and Liverpool third, with 10,584. A new description of food-the Da)-i-is being intro- duced into this country. It is grain or pulse, something between the lentil and Indian com, and is described as excellently adapted for mixing with the lower descrip- tions of meal and flour which it improves both in taste and colour. A few days ago, Ir. Butter, of I'ynemouth, went home drunk, stripped his only daughter, aged twenty, who kept his house, her mother being deaa, tied her naked to the door, and beat her brutally over hor whole body with a clothes line, which he had folded six or seven times. A person named Feshill, was fined L3 at one of the London police courts, on Saturday, for having emptied five jugs of cold water on a butcher's shopman, who had called at his house, in pursuanee ot his own appoint- ment, to receive the amount of a small bill for meat. The total number of orders granted for the removal of paupers in England and Wales during the last five years was 51,941, namely, in 1845,7116; 1816,6564 1847, 14,124 1848, 9837 and 1849, 13,867. The total num- ber of orders granted for the removal of Irish paupers was 29,079, and for Scotch 1464. The Messrs. John and William Montford, of Illay. house, Brompton, and Mr, W. Farley, of Faversham- terrace, Brompton, were beating up Woolwicli-reach in their yacht, the Fairy Queen, when a sudden squall if wind upset the boat. Mr. W. Montford and Mr. Farley saved themselves by clambering up the keel, but Mr. John Montlord was drowned. A favourite magpie had been accustomed to receive dainty bits from the mouth of its misuess. The other day it perched, as usual, on her shoulder, and inserted its beak between her lips, not, as it proved, to receive, lor, as one good turn deserves another, the grateful bird dropped an immense green fat caterpillar into the lady'. mouth The deepest well in London is that sunk by Messrs Coombe and Co., the brewers, which measures 622 feet The next is at the Excise Office, 500 feet. The well at Meux's brewery is 425 feet deep j that at Messrs. El- liott's, Pimlico, 398 feet. The Trafalgar-square well it 383 feet deep, and the well at Kensington new work- house 370 feet. The Prince de Canino, Charles Bonaparte, ex-Presi- dent of the Roman Republic, whose passage through France was last year the occasion of administrative measures, which had forbidden him to remain on the territory of the French Republic, is at present (gays the Ordre) at Paris, where he appears not to be disquieted by the police. There is living at the Horseshoe public-house, op- posite the Quebee Hotel Point, Portsmouth, a man by the name of Wade, in his 100th year, who sailed twice round the world with Captain Cook, and was on shore with him when he was killed, and was wounded by a spear in his left arm. lie is thought to be the onlyone existing who sailed with Captain Cook. A cash-box, belonging to Messrs Hayter and Co., was turned up on Thursday in the ruins of the building, in Mark-lane, destroyed by the recent fire. The silver coins were quite fused, and the gold had been so far affected that they were all attached to each other also, though the impression of the die was scarcely injured, One hundred and seventy-five pockets of hops wett also recovered in a comparatively uninjured state. A commission de lunatico inquirendo has been opened in London, to inquire as to state of mind of James Fermor, E'q aged 46, a relative of the Larl Pomfret, Earl Sefton, Lady Stanley, &c., an unmarried gentle- man, possessed of great wealth. The commission had issued at the instance and with the concurrence of all the next of kin. The evidence adduced left no doubt ot Mr. Fermor'a unsound state of mind. The importance of extending the home growth of flax cannot be fully appreciated until it is considered how largely it will occasion the employment of those who at present are an expense to the community, instead of earning their own livelihood, nor until the public art informed of the large sums annually paid to foreigners for linseed an d oil-cake, and for the fibre for the use of British and Irish manufactures.